Key Benefits:
Original text
(State on 7 October 2009)
The States concluding this Treaty, hereinafter referred to as "the Parties to the Treaty,"
Considering the devastation caused by a nuclear war to mankind as a whole and the consequent need to spare no effort to avert the risk of such a war and to take measures to safeguard the security of the Peoples,
Convaded that the proliferation of nuclear weapons would significantly increase the risk of nuclear war,
In accordance with the resolutions of the General Assembly of the United Nations requesting the conclusion of an agreement on the prevention of the further spread of nuclear weapons,
Pledging to cooperate with a view to facilitating the implementation of the safeguards of the International Atomic Energy Agency in peaceful nuclear activities,
Expressing their support for research, development and other efforts to promote the application of the principle of an effective guarantee of the flow of materials within the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency's safeguards system Raw and special fissionable products through the use of instruments and other technical means in certain strategic areas,
Affirming the principle that the benefits of peaceful applications of nuclear technology, including any technological underproducts that nuclear-weapon States could obtain through the development of nuclear devices, Explosives, should be accessible for peaceful purposes to all Parties to the Treaty, irrespective of whether they are nuclear-armed or non-nuclear-weapon States,
Convinced that the application of this principle, all Parties to the Treaty have the right to participate in the widest possible exchange of scientific information for the further development of the uses of atomic energy for purposes Peaceful, and to contribute to this development individually or in cooperation with other States,
Declaring their intention to achieve as early as possible the cessation of the nuclear arms race and to take effective steps towards nuclear disarmament,
Urging the cooperation of all States to achieve this objective,
Recalling that the Parties to the 1963 Treaty 2 Prohibiting the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere in outer space and under water have, in the preamble to the said Treaty, expressed their determination to seek to halt all the experimental explosions of weapons Nuclear power forever, and to continue negotiations for that purpose,
Desiring to promote international détente and confidence-building among States in order to facilitate the cessation of the manufacture of nuclear weapons, the liquidation of all existing stockpiles of nuclear weapons, and the elimination of weapons Nuclear weapons and their means of delivery of national arsenals under a comprehensive and comprehensive disarmament treaty under strict and effective international control,
Recalling that, according to the Charter of the United Nations 3 States must refrain, in their international relations, from using the threat or use of force, either against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State or in any other way incompatible with the Goals The United Nations, and the need to promote the establishment and maintenance of international peace and security by diverting to armaments the minimum human and economic resources of the world,
Have agreed as follows:
Any State with nuclear weapons that is a Party to the Treaty undertakes not to transfer to anyone, directly or indirectly, nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, or the control of such weapons or devices Explosives; and not to assist, encourage or induce in any way a non-nuclear-weapon State to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, or the control of Such weapons or explosive devices.
Any non-nuclear-weapon State that is a Party to the Treaty undertakes not to accept, directly or indirectly, the transfer of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or the control of such weapons or such weapons Explosive devices; not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; nor to seek or receive any assistance in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other devices Nuclear explosive.
Any non-nuclear-weapon State which is a Party to the Treaty undertakes to accept the guarantees stipulated in an agreement to be negotiated and concluded with the International Atomic Energy Agency, in accordance with the Statute of the International Agency Of atomic energy 1 And the system of guarantees of the said Agency, for the sole purpose of verifying the fulfilment of the obligations assumed by that State under this Treaty with a view to preventing nuclear energy from being diverted from its peaceful uses to the Nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. The terms and conditions for the application of warranties required by this section shall relate to raw materials and special fissile materials, whether such materials or products are produced, processed or used in a primary nuclear facility or Are outside such a facility. The guarantees required by this Article shall apply to all raw materials or special fissile materials in all peaceful nuclear activities carried on in the territory of such State, under its jurisdiction, or under its control Control in any place.
(2) Any State Party to the Treaty undertakes not to provide: (a) raw materials or special fissionable products, or (b) equipment or materials specially designed or prepared for the treatment, use or production of fissile material To a non-nuclear-weapon State for peaceful purposes, unless the said raw materials or special fissile materials are subject to the safeguards required by this Article.
3. The guarantees required by this Article shall be implemented in such a way as to comply with the provisions of Art. IV of this Treaty and to avoid impeding the economic or technological development of the Parties to the Treaty, or international cooperation in the field of peaceful nuclear activities, in particular international trade in materials and Of nuclear equipment for the treatment, use or production of nuclear material for peaceful purposes, in accordance with the provisions of this Article and the guarantee principle laid down in the Preamble to this Treaty.
4. Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty shall conclude agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency in order to comply with the requirements of this Article, either individually or jointly with others States, in accordance with the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The negotiation of such agreements shall commence no later than 180 days after the entry into force of this Treaty. For States which deposit their instruments of ratification or accession after the 180-day period, the negotiation of such agreements shall begin no later than the date of deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession. Such agreements shall enter into force no later than 18 months after the date of commencement of the negotiations.
Nothing in this Treaty shall be construed as impairing the inalienable right of all Parties to the Treaty to develop research, production and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, without In accordance with the provisions of Articles 1 and of this Treaty.
2. All Parties to the Treaty undertake to facilitate the widest possible exchange of scientific and technological equipment, materials and information for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and have the right to To participate. The Parties to the Treaty in a position to do so will also have to cooperate by contributing, individually or jointly with other States or international organizations, to the further development of nuclear energy applications to Peaceful purposes, particularly in the territories of non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty, with due regard to the needs of the developing regions of the world.
Each Party to the Treaty undertakes to take appropriate measures to ensure that, in accordance with this Treaty, under appropriate international supervision and through appropriate international procedures, the benefits that may arise therefrom Peaceful applications irrespective of nuclear explosions shall be accessible on a non-discriminatory basis to non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty, and the cost to such Parties of the devices Explosives used be as small as possible and does not include a fee for the Research and development. Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty will be able to obtain such benefits, in accordance with a special international agreement or special international agreements, through an organization Appropriate international representation of non-nuclear-weapon States. Negotiations on this subject will begin as soon as possible after the entry into force of the Treaty. Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty may also, if they so wish, obtain such benefits under bilateral agreements.
Each Party to the Treaty undertakes to pursue in good faith negotiations on effective measures relating to the cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a disarmament treaty General and complete under strict and effective international control.
Nothing in this Treaty shall affect the right of any group of States to conclude regional treaties in such a way as to ensure the total absence of nuclear weapons in their respective territories.
Any Party to the Treaty may propose amendments to this Treaty. The text of any proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Depositary Governments which shall communicate it to all Parties to the Treaty. If one-third of the Parties to the Treaty or more so request it, the Depositary Governments will convene a conference to which they will invite all Parties to the Treaty to consider this amendment.
2. Any amendment to this Treaty shall be approved by a majority of the votes of all Parties to the Treaty, including the votes of all nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty and all other Parties that, on the date of the Of the amendment, are members of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The amendment shall enter into force in respect of any Party which shall deposit its instrument of ratification of that amendment, upon the deposit of such instruments of ratification by the majority of the Parties, including the instruments of ratification of all Parties States with nuclear weapons that are Parties to the Treaty and of all other Parties which, on the date of the communication of the amendment, are members of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Thereafter, the amendment shall enter into force in respect of any other Party upon the deposit of its instrument of ratification of the amendment.
3. Five years after the entry into force of this Treaty, a Conference of the Parties to the Treaty will take place in Geneva, Switzerland, to examine the functioning of this Treaty with a view to ensuring that the objectives of the Preamble and the provisions of the Treaty Are in progress. Thereafter, at five-year intervals, a majority of the Parties to the Treaty may obtain, by submitting a proposal to the depositary Governments for that purpose, the convening of other conferences with the same subject-matter, namely Operation of the Treaty.
This Treaty shall be open for signature by all States. Any State which has not signed this Treaty before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article may accede to it at any time.
2. This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by the signatory States. Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which are Hereby designated as depositary governments.
This Treaty shall enter into force after it has been ratified by States whose governments are designated as depositary of the Treaty, and by forty other signatories to this Treaty, and after the deposit of their instruments of Ratification. For the purposes of this Treaty, a State with nuclear weapons is a State which has manufactured and detonated a nuclear weapon or other explosive nuclear device before 1 Er January 1967.
(4) For States whose instruments of ratification or accession shall be deposited after the entry into force of this Treaty, the latter shall enter into force on the date of deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession.
(5) Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all States which have signed or acceded to this Treaty of the date of each signature, of the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or accession, of the date of entry into Of this Treaty and the date of receipt of any request for the convening of a conference, as well as any other communication.
This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary Governments in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
1. Each Party, in the exercise of its national sovereignty, shall have the right to withdraw from the Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events, in relation to the subject matter of this Treaty, have compromised the supreme interests of its country. It shall notify that withdrawal to all other Parties to the Treaty and to the Security Council of the United Nations, with three months' notice. Such notification shall contain a statement of extraordinary events which the State concerned considers to have compromised its supreme interests.
(2) Twenty-five years after the entry into force of the Treaty, a conference will be convened to decide whether the Treaty will remain in force for an indefinite period, or will be extended for one or more additional periods of fixed duration. This decision will be taken by a majority of the Parties to the Treaty.
This Treaty, of which the English, Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments. Certified true copies of this Treaty shall be sent by the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the States which have signed or acceded to the Treaty.
In witness whereof, The undersigned, duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Treaty.
Done in three copies, in Washington, London and Moscow, this first of July, nine hundred and sixty-eight.
(Suivent signatures)
States Parties |
Ratification A Accession (A) Declaration of succession (S) |
Entry into force |
||
Afghanistan |
4 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
South Africa |
10 July |
1991 A |
10 July |
1991 |
Albania |
12 September |
1990 A |
12 September |
1990 |
Algeria |
12 January |
1995 A |
12 January |
1995 |
Germany * |
2 May |
1975 |
2 May |
1975 |
Andorra |
7 June |
1996 A |
7 June |
1996 |
Angola |
14 October |
1996 A |
14 October |
1996 |
Antigua and Barbuda |
17 June |
1985 S |
1 Er November |
1981 |
Saudi Arabia |
3 October |
1988 A |
3 October |
1988 |
Argentina * |
10 February |
1995 A |
10 February |
1995 |
Armenia |
21 June |
1993 A |
21 June |
1993 |
Australia |
23 January |
1973 |
23 January |
1973 |
Austria ** |
27 June |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Azerbaijan |
22 September |
1992 A |
22 September |
1992 |
Bahamas |
August 11 |
1976 S |
10 July |
1973 |
Bahrain |
3 November |
1988 A |
3 November |
1988 |
Bangladesh |
August 31 |
1979 A |
August 31 |
1979 |
Barbados |
21 February |
1980 |
21 February |
1980 |
Belarus |
July 22 |
1993 A |
July 22 |
1993 |
Belgium |
2 May |
1975 |
2 May |
1975 |
Belize |
August 9 |
1985 S |
21 September |
1981 |
Benin |
October 31 |
1972 |
October 31 |
1972 |
Bhutan |
23 May |
1985 A |
23 May |
1985 |
Bolivia |
26 May |
1970 |
26 May |
1970 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina * |
August 15 |
1994 S |
6 March |
1992 |
Botswana |
28 April |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Brazil |
18 September |
1998 A |
18 September |
1998 |
Brunei |
26 March |
1985 A |
26 March |
1985 |
Bulgaria |
September 5 |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Burkina Faso |
3 March |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Burundi |
19 March |
1971 A |
19 March |
1971 |
Cambodia |
2 June |
1972 A |
2 June |
1972 |
Cameroon |
8 January |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Canada |
8 January |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Cape Verde |
24 October |
1979 A |
24 October |
1979 |
Chile |
25 May |
1995 A |
25 May |
1995 |
China |
March 9 |
1992 A |
March 9 |
1992 |
Hong Kong |
1 Er July |
1997 |
1 Er July |
1997 |
Cyprus |
10 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Vatican City |
25 February |
1971 A |
25 February |
1971 |
Colombia |
April 8 |
1986 |
April 8 |
1986 |
Comoros |
4 October |
1995 A |
4 October |
1995 |
Congo (Brazzaville) |
23 October |
1978 A |
23 October |
1978 |
Congo, Kinshasa |
August 4 |
1970 |
August 4 |
1970 |
Korea (North) |
12 December |
1985 A |
12 December |
1985 |
Korea (South) * |
April 23 |
1975 |
April 23 |
1975 |
Costa Rica |
3 March |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Côte d' Ivoire |
6 March |
1973 |
6 March |
1973 |
Croatia * |
29 June |
1992 S |
8 October |
1991 |
Cuba |
4 November |
2002 A |
4 November |
2002 |
Denmark |
3 January |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Djibouti |
October 16 |
1996 |
October 16 |
1996 |
Dominica |
10 August |
1984 S |
3 November |
1978 |
Egypt * |
26 February |
1981 |
26 February |
1981 |
El Salvador |
July 11 |
1972 |
July 11 |
1972 |
United Arab Emirates |
26 September |
1995 A |
26 September |
1995 |
Ecuador |
7 March |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Eritrea |
March 16 |
1995 A |
March 16 |
1995 |
Spain |
5 November |
1987 A |
5 November |
1987 |
Estonia |
7 January |
1992 A |
7 January |
1992 |
United States |
March 5 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Ethiopia |
5 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Fiji |
18 July |
1972 |
10 October |
1970 |
Finland |
5 February |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
France |
August 3 |
1992 A |
August 3 |
1992 |
Gabon |
19 February |
1974 A |
19 February |
1974 |
Gambia |
12 May |
1975 |
12 May |
1975 |
Georgia |
7 March |
1994 A |
7 March |
1994 |
Ghana |
4 May |
1970 |
4 May |
1970 |
Greece |
March 11 |
1970 |
March 11 |
1970 |
Grenada |
2 September |
1975 |
7 February |
1974 |
Guatemala |
22 September |
1970 |
22 September |
1970 |
Guinea |
29 April |
1985 A |
29 April |
1985 |
Equatorial Guinea |
1 Er November |
1984 A |
1 Er November |
1984 |
Guinea-Bissau |
August 20 |
1976 A |
August 20 |
1976 |
Guyana |
19 October |
1993 A |
19 October |
1993 |
Haiti |
2 June |
1970 |
2 June |
1970 |
Honduras |
May 16 |
1973 |
May 16 |
1973 |
Hungary |
27 May |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Marshall Islands |
30 January |
1995 A |
30 January |
1995 |
Solomon Islands |
17 June |
1981 S |
7 July |
1978 |
Indonesia * |
July 12 |
1979 |
July 12 |
1979 |
Iran |
2 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Iraq |
29 October |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Ireland |
1 Er July |
1968 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Iceland |
18 July |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Italy * |
2 May |
1975 |
2 May |
1975 |
Jamaica |
March 5 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Japan * |
8 June |
1976 |
8 June |
1976 |
Jordan |
February 11 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Kazakhstan |
February 14 |
1994 A |
February 14 |
1994 |
Kenya |
11 June |
1970 |
11 June |
1970 |
Kyrgyzstan |
July 5 |
1994 A |
July 5 |
1994 |
Kiribati |
18 April |
1985 S |
July 12 |
1979 |
Kuwait |
17 November |
1989 |
17 November |
1989 |
Laos |
20 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Lesotho |
20 May |
1970 |
20 May |
1970 |
Latvia |
31 January |
1992 A |
31 January |
1992 |
Lebanon |
July 15 |
1970 |
July 15 |
1970 |
Liberia |
March 5 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Libya |
26 May |
1975 |
26 May |
1975 |
Liechtenstein * |
20 April |
1978 A |
20 April |
1978 |
Lithuania |
23 September |
1991 A |
23 September |
1991 |
Luxembourg |
2 May |
1975 |
2 May |
1975 |
Macedonia |
30 March |
1995 S |
September 17 |
1991 |
Madagascar |
8 October |
1970 |
8 October |
1970 |
Malaysia |
March 5 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Malawi |
18 February |
1986 A |
18 February |
1986 |
Maldives |
7 April |
1970 |
7 April |
1970 |
Mali |
10 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Malta |
February 6 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Morocco |
27 November |
1970 |
27 November |
1970 |
Mauritius |
April 8 |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Mauritania |
26 October |
1993 A |
26 October |
1993 |
Mexico |
21 January |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Micronesia |
April 14 |
1995 A |
April 14 |
1995 |
Moldova |
11 October |
1994 A |
11 October |
1994 |
Monaco |
13 March |
1995 A |
13 March |
1995 |
Mongolia |
14 May |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Montenegro |
9 January |
2007 S |
3 June |
2006 |
Mozambique |
4 September |
1990 A |
4 September |
1990 |
Myanmar |
2 December |
1992 A |
2 December |
1992 |
Namibia |
2 October |
1992 A |
2 October |
1992 |
Nauru |
7 June |
1982 A |
7 June |
1982 |
Nepal |
5 January |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Nicaragua |
6 March |
1973 |
6 March |
1973 |
Niger |
9 October |
1992 A |
9 October |
1992 |
Nigeria |
27 September |
1968 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Norway |
5 February |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
New Zealand |
10 September |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Oman |
23 January |
1997 A |
23 January |
1997 |
Uganda |
20 October |
1982 A |
20 October |
1982 |
Uzbekistan |
7 May |
1992 A |
7 May |
1992 |
Palau |
April 14 |
1995 A |
April 14 |
1995 |
Panama |
13 January |
1977 |
13 January |
1977 |
Papua New Guinea |
13 January |
1982 A |
13 January |
1982 |
Paraguay |
4 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Netherlands |
2 May |
1975 |
2 May |
1975 |
|
2 May |
1975 |
2 May |
1975 |
|
20 December |
1985 |
1 Er January |
1086 |
Peru |
3 March |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Philippines |
5 October |
1972 |
5 October |
1972 |
Poland |
12 June |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Portugal |
15 December |
1977 A |
15 December |
1977 |
Qatar |
3 April |
1989 A |
3 April |
1989 |
Central African Republic |
25 October |
1970 A |
25 October |
1970 |
Dominican Republic |
24 July |
1971 |
24 July |
1971 |
Czech Republic |
24 March |
1993 S |
1 Er January |
1993 |
Romania |
4 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
United Kingdom |
27 November |
1968 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Anguilla |
27 November |
1968 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom |
27 November |
1968 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Russia |
March 5 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Rwanda |
20 May |
1975 A |
20 May |
1975 |
Saint Lucia |
28 December |
1979 S |
22 February |
1979 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis |
22 March |
1993 A |
22 March |
1993 |
San Marino |
10 August |
1970 |
10 August |
1970 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
6 November |
1984 S |
27 October |
1979 |
Samoa |
March 17 |
1975 A |
March 17 |
1975 |
Sao Tome and Principe |
July 20 |
1983 A |
July 20 |
1983 |
Senegal |
17 December |
1970 |
17 December |
1970 |
Serbia * |
29 August |
2001 S |
April 27 |
1992 |
Seychelles |
12 March |
1985 A |
12 March |
1985 |
Sierra Leone |
26 February |
1975 A |
26 February |
1975 |
Singapore |
10 March |
1976 |
10 March |
1976 |
Slovakia |
15 April |
1993 S |
1 Er January |
1993 |
Slovenia |
7 April |
1992 A |
7 April |
1992 |
Somalia |
March 5 |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Sudan |
October 31 |
1973 |
October 31 |
1973 |
Sri Lanka |
March 5 |
1979 |
March 5 |
1979 |
Sweden |
9 January |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Switzerland * |
March 9 |
1977 |
March 9 |
1977 |
Suriname |
30 June |
1976 S |
25 November |
1975 |
Swaziland |
11 December |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Syria |
24 September |
1969 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Tanzania |
May 31 |
1991 A |
May 31 |
1991 |
Chad |
10 March |
1971 |
10 March |
1971 |
Thailand |
7 December |
1972 A |
7 December |
1972 |
Togo |
26 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Tonga |
7 July |
1971 |
4 June |
1970 |
Trinidad and Tobago |
30 October |
1986 |
30 October |
1986 |
Tunisia |
26 February |
1970 |
March 5 |
1970 |
Turkmenistan |
29 September |
1994 A |
29 September |
1994 |
Turkey * |
April 17 |
1980 |
April 17 |
1980 |
Tuvalu |
19 January |
1979 S |
1 Er October |
1978 |
Ukraine |
5 December |
1994 A |
5 December |
1994 |
Uruguay |
August 31 |
1970 |
August 31 |
1970 |
Vanuatu |
August 24 |
1995 A |
August 24 |
1995 |
Venezuela |
September 25 |
1975 |
September 25 |
1975 |
Vietnam |
14 June |
1982 A |
14 June |
1982 |
Yemen |
14 May |
1986 |
14 May |
1986 |
Zambia |
15 May |
1991 A |
15 May |
1991 |
Zimbabwe |
26 September |
1991 A |
26 September |
1991 |
Switzerland
Noting that the purpose of the Treaty is to prevent States without nuclear weapons from manufacturing or acquiring nuclear weapons and other nuclear explosive devices, Switzerland ratifies the Treaty in the belief that its provisions Exclusively aimed at achieving this goal and will not have the effect of limiting the use of nuclear energy for other purposes.
On the occasion of the deposit of its instruments of ratification, Switzerland made the following statement:
1 RO 1977 471
2 RS 0.515.01
3 RS 0.120
4 A version of the updated scope of application is published on the DFAE website (http://www.dfae.admin.ch/traites).