1. In this Convention, the term "racial discrimination" refers to any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin, which has the purpose or effect of destroying or To compromise the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, in conditions of equality, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social and cultural fields or in any other field of public life.

(2) This Convention shall not apply to the distinctions, exclusions, restrictions or preferences established by a State Party to the Convention according to whether it is its nationals or non-nationals.

3. Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as affecting in any way the legislative provisions of the States Parties to the Convention concerning nationality, citizenship or naturalization, to Condition that these provisions are not discriminatory in respect of a particular nationality.

The special measures taken solely to ensure the progress of certain racial or ethnic groups or individuals in need of protection that may be necessary to ensure the enjoyment and exercise of the rights of Persons and fundamental freedoms under conditions of equality shall not be regarded as measures of racial discrimination, provided that they do not have the effect of maintaining separate rights for racial groups And that they are not maintained in force once the objectives to which the They answered.

States Parties condemn racial discrimination and undertake to pursue by all appropriate means and without delay a policy to eliminate all forms of racial discrimination and to promote agreement between all races, and, To this end:

(a)

Each State Party undertakes not to engage in any act or practice of racial discrimination against persons, groups of persons or institutions and to ensure that all public authorities and public institutions, national and Comply with this obligation;

(b)

Each State Party undertakes not to encourage, defend or support racial discrimination by any person or organization;

(c)

Each State Party shall take effective measures to review national and local government policies and to amend, repeal or rescind any laws and regulations that have the effect of creating racial discrimination Or perpetuate it where it exists;

(d)

Each State Party shall, by all appropriate means, including, if circumstances so require, legislative measures, prohibit racial discrimination by persons, groups or organizations and terminate them;

(e)

Each State Party undertakes to promote, as appropriate, multiracial integrationist organizations and movements and other means to eliminate barriers between races, and to discourage the strengthening of racial division.

2. States Parties shall, if circumstances so require, in the social, economic, cultural and other spheres, take special and concrete measures to ensure the appropriate development or protection of certain racial groups, or Individuals belonging to these groups with a view to ensuring their full enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms in conditions of equality. These measures will not in any way have the effect of maintaining unequal or separate rights for the various racial groups, once the objectives to which they have been met are met.

States Parties specifically condemn racial segregation and Apartheid And undertake to prevent, prohibit and eliminate in the territories under their jurisdiction all such practices.

States Parties shall condemn any propaganda and any organization based on ideas or theories based on the superiority of a race or group of persons of a certain colour or ethnic origin, or who claim To justify or encourage any form of racial hatred and discrimination, they undertake to adopt immediately positive measures designed to eliminate any incitement to such discrimination, or all acts of discrimination, and, to that end, Taking into account the principles set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Rights specifically set out in s. 5 of this Convention, they undertake in particular:

(a)

To declare offences punishable by law any dissemination of ideas based on racial superiority or hatred, any incitement to racial discrimination, as well as any acts of violence, or provocation to such acts, directed against any race or Any group of persons of another colour or ethnic origin, as well as any assistance given to racist activities, including their financing;

(b)

To declare illegal and prohibit organisations as well as organised propaganda activities and any other type of propaganda activity which incite racial discrimination and which encourage and declare offence punishable by law Participation in these organizations or activities;

(c)

Not to allow public authorities or public institutions, national or local, to incite or encourage racial discrimination.

In accordance with the basic obligations set out in Art. 2 of this Convention, the States Parties undertake to prohibit and eliminate racial discrimination in all its forms and to guarantee the right of everyone to equality before the law without distinction of race, colour or national origin or Ethnic, particularly in the enjoyment of the following rights:

(a)

The right to equal treatment before the courts and other organs administering justice;

(b)

Right to the security of the person and to the protection of the State against the assault or abuse on the part of government officials or of any individual, group or institution;

(c)

Political rights, including the right to participate in elections-to vote and to be a candidate-in accordance with the system of universal and equal suffrage, the right to participate in the Government and in the governance of public affairs at all levels, and The right to equal access to public functions;

(d)

Other civil rights, including:

(i)

The right to freedom of movement and residence within a State;

(ii)

Right to leave any country, including its own, and to return to its country;

(iii)

Right to nationality;

(iv)

Right to marry and choose spouse;

(v)

The right of every person, whether alone or in association, to the property;

(vi)

The right to inherit;

(vii)

Right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion;

(viii)

Right to freedom of opinion and expression;

(ix)

Right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association;

(e)

Economic, social and cultural rights, including:

(i)

Right to work, free choice of work, fair and satisfactory conditions of work, protection against unemployment, equal pay for equal work, fair and satisfactory remuneration;

(ii)

Right to form trade unions and to join trade unions;

(iii)

Right to housing;

(iv)

Right to health, medical care, social security and social services;

(v)

Right to education and vocational training;

(vi)

Right to take part, in conditions of equality, in cultural activities;

(f)

Right of access to all places and services for the use of the public, such as means of transport, hotels, restaurants, cafés, shows and parks.

States Parties shall ensure that all persons subject to their jurisdiction have effective protection and remedies, before the national courts and other competent State bodies, against all acts of racial discrimination which, Contrary to this Convention, violate its individual rights and fundamental freedoms, as well as the right to seek just and adequate satisfaction or reparation for any damage that it may be a victim of As a result of such discrimination.

The States Parties undertake to take immediate and effective measures, in particular in the fields of education, education, culture and information, to combat prejudice leading to racial discrimination and To promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among nations and racial or ethnic groups, as well as to promote the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Declaration of United Nations on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and the present Convention.

1. A Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (hereinafter referred to as the Committee) is made up of eighteen experts known for their high moral character and impartiality, who are elected by the States Parties from among their nationals and On an individual basis, taking into account the equitable geographical distribution and representation of the different forms of civilisation and the main legal systems.

(2) The members of the Committee shall be elected by secret ballot on a list of candidates nominated by the States Parties. Each State Party may designate a selected candidate from among its nationals.

The first election shall be held six months after the date of entry into force of this Convention. At least three months before the date of each election, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall send a letter to the States Parties inviting them to submit their nominations within two months. The Secretary-General shall draw up a list in alphabetical order of all the candidates thus nominated, with the indication of the States Parties which have nominated them, and shall communicate it to the States Parties.

4. The members of the Committee shall be elected at a meeting of the States Parties convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters. At this meeting, where the quorum consists of two-thirds of the States Parties, the candidates who obtain the largest number of votes and an absolute majority of the votes of the representatives of the States Parties present shall be elected members of the Committee Voters.

5

(a) The members of the Committee shall be elected for four years. However, the term of office of nine members elected at the first election shall end after two years; immediately after the first election, the names of those nine members shall be drawn by lot by the Chairman of the Committee.

(b)

In order to fill the vacancies, the State Party whose expert has ceased to act as a member of the Committee shall appoint another expert from among its nationals, subject to the approval of the Committee.

6. The States Parties shall bear the expenses of the members of the Committee for the period in which they discharge their duties to the Committee.

States Parties undertake to submit to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, for consideration by the Committee, a report on the legislative, judicial, administrative or other measures that they have adopted and which give effect To the provisions of this Convention:

(a)

Within one year of the entry into force of the Convention, for each State concerned in respect of it and

(b)

Thereafter, every two years and every time the Committee requests it. The Committee may request additional information from the States Parties.

The Committee shall submit annually to the General Assembly of the United Nations, through the Secretary-General, a report on its activities and may make general suggestions and recommendations based on the review Reports and information received from the States Parties. It shall bring these general suggestions and recommendations to the attention of the General Assembly with, where appropriate, the comments of the States Parties.

The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.

2. The Committee shall elect its Bureau for a period of two years.

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall provide the secretariat of the Committee.

The Committee shall normally hold its meetings at United Nations Headquarters.

1. If a State Party considers that another State Party also fails to apply the provisions of this Convention, it may draw the Committee's attention to the matter. The Committee shall then transmit the communication to the State Party concerned. Within three months, the receiving State shall submit to the Committee written explanations or statements clarifying the matter and indicating, where appropriate, the measures which may have been taken by that State to remedy the situation.

2. If, within six months from the date of receipt of the original communication by the receiving State, the matter is not resolved to the satisfaction of both States, through bilateral negotiations or through any other procedure which Would be at their disposal, both shall have the right to resubmit it to the Committee by sending a notification to the Committee and to the other State concerned.

(3) The Committee shall not be aware of any matter referred to it in accordance with subs. 2 of this Article only after ensuring that all available domestic remedies have been used or exhausted, in accordance with generally accepted principles of international law. This rule does not apply if the appeal procedures exceed reasonable time limits.

4. In any matter referred to it, the Committee may request the States Parties in the presence of the Committee to provide it with any relevant additional information.

5. Where the Committee considers a matter under this Article, the States Parties concerned shall have the right to appoint a representative who shall participate without the right to vote in the work of the Committee for the duration of the discussions.

1.

(a) Once the Committee has obtained and stripped all the information it deems necessary, the President shall designate an ad hoc Conciliation Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission) composed of five persons who may or may not be members of the Committee. The members shall be appointed with the full and unanimous consent of the parties to the dispute and the Commission shall make its good offices available to the States concerned in order to arrive at an amicable solution to the matter, based on respect for the Present Convention.

(b)

If the States Parties to the dispute do not reach an agreement on all or part of the composition of the Commission within a period of three months, the members of the Commission who do not have the consent of the States Parties to the dispute shall be elected to the Secret ballot among Committee members, by a two-thirds majority of the members of the Committee.

2. The members of the Commission shall serve on an individual basis. They shall not be nationals of one of the States Parties to the dispute or of a State which is not a party to this Convention.

The Commission shall elect its President and adopt its rules of procedure.

The Commission shall normally hold its meetings at United Nations Headquarters or at any other appropriate place to be determined by the Commission.

5. The secretariat provided for in para. 3 of Art. 10 of this Convention shall also provide its services to the Commission whenever a dispute between States Parties entails the establishment of the Commission.

6. All expenses of the members of the Commission shall be apportioned equally among the States Parties to the dispute, on the basis of an estimate prepared by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

The Secretary-General shall be entitled, if necessary, to pay the members of the Commission for their expenses, before the reimbursement has been made by the States Parties to the dispute in accordance with subs. 6 of this article.

8. The information obtained and compiled by the Committee shall be made available to the Commission, and the Commission may request the States concerned to provide it with any relevant additional information.

1. After considering the matter in all its aspects, the Commission prepares and submits to the Chairman of the Committee a report containing its conclusions on all factual issues relating to the dispute between the parties and containing the recommendations That it considers appropriate in order to reach an amicable settlement of the dispute.

2. The Chairman of the Committee shall transmit the report of the Commission to each State party to the dispute. The said States shall inform the Chairman of the Committee, within three months, whether or not they accept the recommendations contained in the Commission's report.

3. Once the time limit is set out in s. 2 of this Article, the Chairman of the Committee shall communicate the report of the Commission and the declarations of the States Parties concerned to the other States Parties to the Convention.

(1) Any State Party may declare at any time that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from persons or groups of persons within its jurisdiction who complain that they are victims of a Violation by the said State Party of any of the rights set forth in this Convention. The Committee shall not receive any communication of interest to a State Party which has not made such a declaration.

(2) Any State Party making a declaration in accordance with paragraph 2. 1 of this Article may create or designate an organisation within the framework of its national legal order, which shall have jurisdiction to receive and examine petitions from persons or groups of persons within the jurisdiction of that State which Complain that they are victims of any violation of any of the rights set out in this Convention and have exhausted the other available local remedies.

3. The declaration made in accordance with paragraph 3. 1 of this section and the name of any organization created or designated pursuant to s. 2 of this article shall be deposited by the State Party concerned with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States Parties. The declaration may be withdrawn at any time by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary-General, but such withdrawal shall not affect communications before the Committee.

4. The body established or designated in accordance with par. 2 of this Article shall keep a register of petitions, and certified copies of the Register shall be filed annually with the Secretary-General by the appropriate channels, on the understanding that the contents of those copies shall not be Disclosed to the public.

5. If it does not obtain satisfaction from the body created or designated pursuant to s. 2 of this Article, the petitioner shall have the right to address, within six months, a communication to that effect to the Committee.

6.

(a) The Committee shall, in confidence, bring any communication to the attention of the State party which has allegedly violated any of the provisions of the Convention, but the identity of the person or groups of persons May not be disclosed without the express consent of the said person or groups of persons. The Committee does not receive anonymous communications.

(b)

Within three months, the said State shall submit in writing to the Committee explanations or statements clarifying the matter and indicating, where appropriate, the measures it may have taken to remedy the situation.

7.

(a) The Committee shall consider communications taking into account all information submitted to it by the State party concerned and the petitioner. The Committee will not consider any communication from a petitioner without ensuring that the petitioner has exhausted all available domestic remedies. However, this rule does not apply if the appeal procedures exceed reasonable time limits.

(b)

The Committee addresses its suggestions and possible recommendations to the State party concerned and to the petitioner.

The Committee shall include in its annual report a summary of such communications and, where appropriate, a summary of the explanations and statements of the States Parties concerned and of its own suggestions and recommendations.

9. The Committee shall have competence to perform the functions provided for in this Article only if at least ten States party to the Convention are bound by declarations made in accordance with s. 1 of this article.

Pending the achievement of the objectives of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, contained in General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960, the provisions of this Convention shall in no way restrict the right of petition granted to such peoples by other international instruments or by the United Nations or its specialized agencies.

2.

(a) The Committee constituted in accordance with para. 1 of the art. 8 of this Convention shall receive copies of petitions from the organs of the United Nations dealing with matters directly related to the principles and objectives of this Convention, and shall express an opinion and Makes recommendations on petitions received during the consideration of petitions from the inhabitants of sub-autonomous or non-self-governing territories or of any other territory to which General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) applies, and Relating to matters covered by this Convention, of which the said bodies are seized.

(b)

The Committee shall receive from the relevant organs of the United Nations copies of reports on legislative, judicial, administrative or other measures directly relevant to the principles and objectives of this Convention. The administering Powers applied in the territories referred to in para. (a) of this paragraph and shall express opinions and make recommendations to those bodies.

(3) The Committee shall include in its reports to the General Assembly a summary of the petitions and reports received from organs of the United Nations, as well as the expressions of opinion and recommendations of the Committee Petitions and reports.

The Committee requests the Secretary-General of the United Nations to provide all information relating to the objectives of this Convention, which is available to the Committee in respect of the Territories referred to in para. (a) para. 2 of this article.

The provisions of this Convention concerning the measures to be taken to settle a dispute or to liquidate a complaint shall be without prejudice to other dispute settlement procedures or to the settlement of complaints in respect of Discrimination in the United Nations and its specialized agencies or in conventions adopted by such organizations, and does not prevent States Parties from using other procedures For the settlement of a dispute in accordance with the general international agreements or Special that bind them.

(1) This Convention shall be open for signature by any State Member of the United Nations or member of any of its specialized agencies, of any State Party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice ¹ , as well as any other State invited by the General Assembly of the United Nations to become party to this Convention.

2. This Convention shall be subject to ratification and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

(1) This Convention shall be open for accession by any State referred to in s. 1 of the art. 17 of the Convention.

(2) Accession shall be made by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

(1) This Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the twenty-seventh instrument of ratification or accession.

(2) For each State ratifying or acceding to this Convention after the deposit of the twenty-seventh instrument of ratification or accession, the said Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit by that State of its Instrument of ratification or accession.

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall receive and communicate to all States which are or may become party to this Convention the text of the reservations that have been made at the time of ratification or Accession. Any State which raises objections against the reservation shall notify the Secretary-General within ninety days from the date of that communication that it does not accept the reservation.

2. No reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of this Convention shall be permitted, nor shall any reservation that would have the effect of paralysing the functioning of any of the bodies established by the Convention. A reservation will be considered as falling within the categories defined above if at least two-thirds of the States Parties to the Convention raise objections.

Reservations may be withdrawn at any time by notification addressed to the Secretary-General. The notification will take effect on the date of receipt.

Any State Party may denounce this Convention by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The denunciation shall take effect one year after the date on which the Secretary-General has received such notification.

Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention, which has not been settled by negotiation or by means of the procedures expressly provided for in that Convention, shall be borne, At the request of any party to the dispute, before the International Court of Justice for a decision on the matter, unless the parties to the dispute agree to another method of settlement.

1. Any State Party may at any time make a request for the revision of this Convention by written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

2. The General Assembly of the United Nations shall decide on the measures to be taken, if any, with respect to that request.

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall inform all States referred to in para. 1 of the art. 17 of this Convention:

(a)

Signatures to this Convention and the instruments of ratification and accession deposited in accordance with Art. 17 and 18;

(b)

From the date on which this Convention enters into force in accordance with Art. 19;

(c)

Communications and returns received in accordance with ss. 14, 20 and 23;

(d)

Denunciations notified pursuant to Art. 21.

The present Convention, of which the English, Chinese, Spanish, French and Russian texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall make a certified copy of this Convention to all States belonging to any of the categories referred to in subs. 1 of the art. 17 of the Convention.

In witness whereof, The undersigned, duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed this Convention, which was opened for signature in New York on 7 March, nine hundred and sixty-six.

Done at New York, the twenty-one December thousand nine hundred and sixty-five.

(Suivent signatures)