1. This Convention shall apply to:

(a)

Breaches of criminal law;

(b)

Acts which, whether or not constituting an offence, may compromise or compromise the safety of the aircraft or persons or goods on board, or compromise good order and discipline on board.

(2) Subject to the provisions of Title III, this Convention shall apply to offences committed or committed by a person on board an aircraft registered in a Contracting State while that aircraft is in flight, or at The surface of the high seas or a region which is not part of the territory of any State.

3. For the purposes of this Convention, an aircraft shall be considered to be in flight from the moment when the driving force is used to take off until the landing has ended.

4. This Convention shall not apply to aircraft used for military, customs or police purposes.

Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 4 and subject to the requirements of the safety of the aircraft and persons or goods on board, nothing in this Convention shall be construed as authorizing or prescribing The application of any measure in the case of offences to criminal laws of a political nature or based on racial or religious discrimination.

The State of registration of the aircraft shall be responsible for the offences committed and acts performed on board.

(2) Any Contracting State shall take the measures necessary to establish its competence, in its capacity as the State of registration, for the purpose of knowing the offences committed on board aircraft registered in its register of registry.

3. This Convention does not preclude any criminal jurisdiction exercised in accordance with national laws.

A Contracting State which is not the State of registration shall not interfere with the operation of an aircraft in flight in order to exercise its criminal jurisdiction in respect of an offence committed on board only in the following cases:

(a)

The offence has effect in the territory of that State;

(b)

The offence was committed by or against a national of that State or a person with permanent residence;

(c)

That offence undermines the security of that State;

(d)

The offence constitutes a violation of the rules or regulations relating to the theft or manoeuvring of aircraft in force in that State;

(e)

The exercise of this competence is necessary to ensure compliance with an obligation which is the responsibility of the State under a multilateral international agreement.

(1) The provisions of this Title shall not apply to offences and acts committed or performed, or to the point of being, by a person on board an aircraft in flight, either in the airspace of the State of registration or above High seas or a region which is not part of the territory of any State, only if the last point of departure or the next scheduled landing point is located in the territory of a State other than that of registration, or if the aircraft flies Later in the airspace of a State other than the State of registration, that person being still at Board.

2. For the purposes of this Title, and notwithstanding the provisions of Art. 1, para. 3, an aircraft is considered to be in flight from the time the boarding is completed, all of its exterior doors have been closed until one of these doors is open for deplaning. In the event of a forced landing, the provisions of this Title shall continue to apply in respect of offences and acts occurring on board until the competent authority of a State takes over the aircraft as well as the persons and goods Board.

(1) Where the aircraft commander is entitled to believe that a person has committed or accomplished or is about to commit or perform on board an offence or act referred to in Art. 1, para. 1, it may, in respect of that person, take reasonable measures, including coercive measures, that are necessary:

(a)

To ensure the safety of the aircraft or persons or goods on board;

(b)

To maintain good order and discipline on board;

(c)

To enable it to surrender the said person to the competent authorities or to disembark in accordance with the provisions of this Title.

(2) The aircraft commander may request or authorize the assistance of other members of the crew and, without being able to require such assistance, request or authorize that of passengers with a view to applying the coercive measures that it is entitled to take. Any crew member or passenger may also take, without this authorization, any reasonable preventive measures, if he or she is justified in believing that they are immediately necessary to ensure the safety of the aircraft or persons or property On board.

1. The coercive measures taken in respect of a person in accordance with the provisions of Art. 6 shall cease to be applied beyond any landing point unless:

(a)

That point shall not be located in the territory of a non-Contracting State and that the authorities of that State do not refuse to allow the landing of the person concerned or that coercive measures have been imposed on the person concerned in accordance with the Provisions of Art. 6, para. 1, (c), to enable it to be handed over to the competent authorities;

(b)

The aircraft does not make a forced landing and the aircraft commander is unable to surrender the person concerned to the competent authorities;

(c)

The person concerned does not agree to continue to be transported beyond that point by remaining subject to the coercive measures.

(2) The aircraft commander shall, as soon as possible and, if possible, before landing on the territory of a State with a person subject to a coercive measure taken in accordance with the provisions of Art. 6, inform the authorities of the state of the presence on board of a person subject to a coercive measure and the reasons for that measure.

1. Where the aircraft commander is entitled to believe that a person has performed or is about to carry out on board an act referred to in Art. 1, para. 1, (b) may land that person on the territory of any State in which the aircraft lands, provided that such measure is necessary for the purposes referred to in Art. 6, para. 1, a) or b).

(2) The aircraft commander shall inform the authorities of the State in whose territory he lands a person, in accordance with the provisions of this Article, of that landing and the reasons for it.

(1) Where the aircraft commander is entitled to believe that a person has performed on board the aircraft an act which, in his opinion, constitutes a serious offence, in accordance with the criminal laws of the State of registration of the aircraft, he may submit the said Person to the competent authorities of any Contracting State on whose territory the aircraft lands.

(2) The aircraft commander shall, as soon as possible and if possible before landing in the territory of a Contracting State with on board a person whom he intends to furnish in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, To know this intention to the authorities of that State and the reasons for it.

(3) The aircraft commander shall communicate to the authorities to whom he gives the alleged offender, in accordance with the provisions of this Article, the evidence and information which, in accordance with the law of the State of registration of The aircraft, are legitimately in its possession.

Where the application of the measures provided for in this Convention is in conformity with that Convention, neither the aircraft commander, nor any other member of the crew, nor a passenger, the owner, the operator of the aircraft, or the person on behalf of Which the flight has been carried out, cannot be held liable in proceedings initiated on account of the damage suffered by the person who has been the subject of those measures.

(1) Where, unlawfully, and by violence or threat of violence, a person on board has interfered with the operation of an aircraft in flight, has taken or has exercised its control, or where it is about to perform such an act, the Contracting States Take all appropriate measures to restore or retain control of the aircraft to the lawful commander.

2. In the cases referred to in the preceding paragraph, any Contracting State in which the aircraft lands shall allow passengers and crew to continue their journey as soon as possible. It shall return the aircraft and its cargo to those who have the right to hold them.

Any Contracting State shall permit the commander of an aircraft registered in another Contracting State to disembark any person in accordance with the provisions of Art. 8, para. 1.

1. Any Contracting State shall be required to receive a person whom the aircraft commander shall deliver to it in accordance with the provisions of Art. 9, para. 1.

(2) If it considers that the circumstances so warrant, any Contracting State shall ensure the detention or take all other measures in order to ensure the presence of any person who is the alleged perpetrator of an act referred to in Art. 11, para. 1, as well as any person who has been given to him. Such detention and measures shall be in accordance with the law of that State; they may only be maintained for the period necessary for the initiation of criminal proceedings or extradition proceedings.

3. Any person detained pursuant to the preceding paragraph may immediately communicate with the nearest qualified representative of the State of which he is a national; all facilities shall be granted to him for that purpose.

(4) Any Contracting State to which a person is surrendered in accordance with the provisions of Art. 9, para. 1, or in the territory of which an aircraft lands after an act referred to in Art. 11, para. 1, has been completed, is proceeding immediately with a preliminary investigation to establish the facts.

5. Where a State has detained a person in accordance with the provisions of this article, the State shall immediately notify the State of registration of the aircraft, the State of which the person is responsible, as well as the circumstances which justify it. Has the nationality and, if it considers it appropriate, all other interested States. The State conducting the preliminary inquiry referred to in this Article, para. 4, shall promptly communicate the conclusions to the said States and indicate whether it intends to exercise its jurisdiction.

1. If a person who has been landed in accordance with the provisions of Art. 8, para. 1, or that has been furnished in accordance with the provisions of Art. 9, para. 1, or who disembarked upon completion of an act referred to in Art. 11, para. 1, cannot or does not wish to continue his journey, the State of landing, if he refuses to admit that person and that the person does not have the nationality of that State or has not established his permanent residence there, may turn it back to the State of which it has the Nationality or in which she established her permanent residence, or to the State in whose territory she began her air travel.

2. No landing, surrender, detention or other measures referred to in Art. 13, para. 2, or the return of the person concerned, shall not be considered to have entered the territory of a Contracting State in the light of the laws of that State relating to the entry or admission of persons. The provisions of this Convention shall not affect the laws of the Contracting States relating to the refoulement of persons.

Subject to the provisions of the foregoing Article, any person who has been disembarked in accordance with the provisions of Art. 8, para. 1, or that has been furnished in accordance with the provisions of Art. 9, para. 1, or who disembarked upon completion of an act referred to in Art. 11, para. 1, and who wishes to continue his journey, may do so as soon as possible to the destination of his choice, unless his presence is required according to the law of the State of Landing, for the purposes of criminal prosecution and extradition.

(2) Subject to its laws relating to the entry and admission, extradition and refoulement of persons, any Contracting State in the territory of which a person has been disembarked in accordance with the provisions of Art. 8, para. 1, or furnished in accordance with the provisions of Art. 9, para. 1, or who has deplaned and to which an act referred to in Art. 11, para. 1, gives that person a treatment which, in respect of his protection and safety, is no less favourable than that which he accords to his nationals in similar cases.

1. Offences committed on board aircraft registered in a Contracting State shall be regarded, for the purposes of extradition, as having been committed both in the place of their commission and in the territory of the State of registration of the aircraft.

2. In the light of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, nothing in this Convention shall be construed as creating an obligation to grant extradition.

By taking measures of investigation or arrest or otherwise exercising their jurisdiction over an offence committed on board an aircraft, the Contracting States shall take due account of the security and other interests of the Air navigation and shall act in such a manner as to avoid unnecessary delays to the aircraft, passengers, crew or goods.

If Contracting States constitute, for air transport, joint operating organisations or international operating agencies and if the aircraft used are not registered in a particular State, those States shall designate, In accordance with appropriate arrangements, that of which shall be considered, for the purposes of this Convention, as a State of registration. They shall notify the International Civil Aviation Organization of this designation, which shall inform all States party to this Convention.

This Convention, until the date of its entry into force under the conditions laid down in Art. 21, shall be open for signature by any State which, on that date, shall be a member of the United Nations or of a specialized agency.

1. This Convention shall be subject to ratification by the signatory States in accordance with their constitutional provisions.

2. Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the International Civil Aviation Organization.

When the present Convention has gathered the ratifications of twelve signatory States, it shall enter into force between those States on the ninetieth day after the deposit of the twelfth instrument of ratification. In respect of each State which subsequently ratifies it, it shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the deposit of its instrument of ratification.

2. Upon entry into force, this Convention shall be registered with the Secretary-General of the United Nations by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

(1) This Convention shall be open, after its entry into force, to the accession of any Member State of the United Nations or of a specialized agency.

2. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the International Civil Aviation Organisation and shall take effect on the ninetieth day after the date of such deposit.

1. Any Contracting State may denounce this Convention by a notification made to the International Civil Aviation Organisation.

The denunciation shall take effect six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

(1) Any dispute between Contracting States concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention which cannot be settled by negotiation shall be submitted to arbitration at the request of one of them. If, within six months after the date of the request for arbitration, the Parties fail to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of them may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice, in Filing a request in accordance with the Statute of the Court.

(2) Each State may, at the time of signing or ratifying this Convention or acceding to it, declare that it does not consider itself bound by the provisions of the preceding paragraph. The other Contracting States shall not be bound by those provisions to any Contracting State which has made such a reservation.

3. Any Contracting State which has made a reservation in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph may, at any time, lift the reservation by notification addressed to the International Civil Aviation Organisation.

Except in the case provided for in Art. 24, no reservation to this Convention shall be admitted.

The International Civil Aviation Organization shall notify all member States of the United Nations or of a specialized agency:

(a)

Any signature of this Convention and the date of such signature;

(b)

The deposit of any instrument of ratification or accession and the date of such deposit;

(c)

The date on which this Convention enters into force in accordance with the provisions of par. 1 of Art. 21;

(d)

Receipt of any notification of denunciation and the date of receipt; and

(e)

The receipt of any declaration or notification made under Art. 24 and the date of receipt.

In witness whereof, The undersigned Plenipotentiaries, duly authorized, have signed this Convention.

Done at Tokyo on the fourteenth day of September of the year thousand nine hundred and sixty-three, in three authentic texts written in the English, French and Spanish languages.

This Convention shall be deposited with the International Civil Aviation Organization where, in accordance with the provisions of Art. 19, it shall remain open for signature and this Organization shall transmit certified copies of this Convention to all member States of the United Nations or of a specialized agency.

(Suivent signatures)