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Law No. 2 In 1 April 1982 On The Organization Of Production And Rational Use Of Feeding Resources

Original Language Title:  LEGE nr. 2 din 1 aprilie 1982 privind organizarea producerii şi folosirii raţionale a resurselor de nutreţuri

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LEGE no. 2 2 of 1 April 1982 on the organisation of the production and rational use of feed resources
ISSUER GREAT NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
Published in OFFICIAL BULLETIN no. 37 37 of 7 April 1982



Fulfilling the provisions of the National Animal Husbandry Development Program, the Agriculture and Food Industry Development Plan, as well as the Program on self-driving and territorial self-supply, animals of all species, ensuring the production of feed required by species and categories of animals, foraging them in conditions of maximum economic efficiency, compliance with the weights provided for in the cutting of animals and, on this basis, obtaining planned animal production, ensuring in good conditions supply to the population with agricultural products and to meet other needs of the national economy The development of animal husbandry in conditions of high economic efficiency makes it necessary to capitalize on all existing feed resources in agriculture and other branches of the national economy. To this end, the socialist agricultural units must provide in crop plans the areas corresponding to obtaining the necessary quantities of feed, in relation to the species and categories of animals and birds they own, to take measures for the execution of all agro-technical works at an appropriate quality level and in optimal terms, so that they obtain the full realization and exceeding the planned feed production. An important role in foraging animals has natural pastures and meadows. The full implementation of feed resources on grassland and meadows requires that they be cultivated as any agricultural crop and overseed of areas in relation to the requirements of a rational feed. Socialist economic units which, in the production process, carry out by-products or waste with nutritional value that can be used in animal feed, must take measures to properly collect and store these products, such as and for their use in foraging their own livestock or delivery to agricultural establishments that raise animals and birds. Food is the determining factor in the enhancement of the genetic potential of animals, its content directly displacing the level, quality and efficiency of the entire zootechnical production. It is necessary in all zootechnical sectors to ensure that all animal species are properly foraged, on an efficient basis, on the basis of scientific rules drawn up, leading to the production of meat, milk, eggs and eggs other animal products. The introduction of improved feed preparation and administration technologies to increase consumption and feed the feed resources, the widespread use of coarse fodder-especially for foraging steers and sheep-, the continuous reduction of the specific consumption of concentrates on the product through their rational use, in the form of compound feed and feed mixtures corresponding to the nutritional requirements by species and categories of animals, is an important task of all socialist agricultural units animal keepers, with a view to increasing and cheaper zootechnical production. In order to improve the legal framework on the organization of the production and rational use of feed resources. The Great National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Romania adopts this law. + Chapter 1 General provisions + Article 1 They are considered fodder, for the purposes of this law, all products of plant, animal, mineral and synthesis origin, which, used in animal feed, ensure the normal conduct of vital functions and the enhancement of potential productive of them. All the quantities of fodder, without distinction of origin and keeper, constitute a national feed fund. + Article 2 Depending on the nutritional and provenance characteristics, the fodder shall be classified as follows: a) fibrous fodder group; b) succulent fodder group; c) group of coarse fodder; d) concentrated fodder group e) group of energy substances; f) group of mineral substances; g) group of feed additives; h) group of feed preparations. The classification of fodder by groups is set out in the Annex, which forms an integral part of this Law. Fibrous fodder, derived from natural or cultured fanettes, succulent fodder obtained from arable surfaces intended for this purpose, from food industry products-borderberries, beet noodles and others-, from parcels and leaves of beetroot or from the mixture of a green plant with a dry vegetable byproduct (semisiloz), the coarse feed resulting from the vegetable production of cereal straw, coceni, corn gavings, sunflower capitulas, any kind of time-cannot be used, with the exception of the quantities distributed by the plan for industrialisation, than in Feed purposes. Burning, destruction in any other form or the degradation of any plant products that can be used in animal feed, directly or after a prior preparation, are prohibited and are punishable according to the law. + Article 3 In accordance with the principles of self-driving and territorial self-supply, the socialist, state and cooperative agricultural units are obliged to fully carry out the animal husbandry tasks and to ensure full coverage, from own resources, of the needs of fodder for the whole flock of animals they own. + Article 4 In order to increase the feed resources according to the pedoclimatic conditions in different areas of the country, the socialist agricultural units are obliged to provide in the culture plans the expansion of feed grain areas of varieties and hybrids with maximum production potential and adopt technologies for harvesting, storage, preservation and silage of feed grain with a high percentage of moisture. In the favorable areas will extend the areas cultivated with potatoes, bostanous, root and others, using the varieties of high productivity usable with high yield in animal feed. + Article 5 Socialist agricultural units are obliged to take measures for the collection, transport and storage in good conditions, at the place of consumption, of the entire production of coarse feed and of the other vegetable feed underproducts, avoiding any loss or degradation of them, to ensure the preservation, preparation and use of these fodder with the full preservation of their nutritional value. Socialist agricultural units will also take measures to collect, store, preserve and use all feed and feed waste and waste materials with nutritional value resulting from the activity of industrialization of its own or obtained from other units. + Article 6 In order to achieve the production of meat, milk, eggs, wool and other animal products, at the level established by the production plans, the socialist agricultural units are obliged to ensure the rational foraging of each species and categories of animals, to comply with the rules and technologies for the growth and care of animals, take strong measures to eliminate unjustified consumptions and waste of fodder. At the same time, the leaders of the socialist agricultural units will take measures for the rational and intensive use of spaces in livestock farms, as well as for the organization and arrangement of fertilizers, breeders, stables and washers, in compliance with the rules and feed technologies approved according to the law. + Article 7 For the strict application of the rules of rational care and forage of animals, the governing bodies of the socialist agricultural units will allocate, in the livestock sectors, the workers and cooperators best prepared, will ensure their stability, thorough training and permanent lifting of their professional qualification. The leaders of the socialist agricultural units are obliged to take strong measures for the proper organization of labor, the strengthening of order and discipline, the responsibility in the entire activity of the members of the working formations of the livestock farms, for strict compliance with rules and technologies for the growth, care and foraging of animals. + Article 8 Members of agricultural production cooperatives and other inhabitants of villages and communes have, according to the law, the duty to raise animals and birds, to capitalize to the state fund, through contracting and procurement, as large quantities of agricultural products as possible animals. In order to provide the necessary feed for the breeding of animals and birds, the members of the agricultural cooperatives and the other individual producers are obliged to rationally and efficiently cultivate all the areas they own, to take measures of gathering, preserving and using all the feed resources available to them, to apply rules and technologies for the rational foraging of animals and birds. Cooperators and other working people working in cooperative agricultural units benefit, according to the law, as a retribution of work and in the form of participation in benefits, of cereals, both for their own consumption needs and for animal feed from the personal household. Producers who deliver animals, poultry and milk, on the basis of contracts, to the state fund, benefit, in relation to the quantity and quality of the delivered products, of concentrated feed, according to the law. Members of agricultural production cooperatives that contract the delivery of animals and animal products to the state fund also benefit, according to the decision of the general assembly of the cooperative, to give volume and surface feed as a priority. land for the production of fodder in the second crop, as well as, in the case of those who contract herbivorous animals or animal products thereof, for the assignment of fields of hay for harvesting in kind. + Article 9 The state and cooperative agro-industrial single councils will take measures for the judicious distribution of animal husbandry by species and categories within the component units and ensure, together with the leaderships of these units, the achievement Livestock and livestock production planned. The single council also responds to the growth and diversification of feed production, as well as the development of the feed base in the units of its composition, ensuring in its entirety, from its own production, the feed requirements for flocks of their animals and the fulfilment of their obligations for the state fund. + Article 10 The executive offices of the communal folk councils together with the heads of the socialist agricultural units will draw up forage balances at the level of each commune, providing for the way of ensuring the entire quantity of necessary fodder for livestock belonging to the socialist agricultural units and to the members of the agricultural production cooperatives and to the other individual producers. + Article 11 The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry together with the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences and the research institutes are responsible for the continuous development and improvement of the technologies of use in animal feed of all feed resources from agricultural production and manufacturing, with a view to increasing the valorisation of feed resources and their nutritional intake and primarily of volume fodder Also, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry together with the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences will take measures to improve the work of the Institute of Animal Biology and Nutrition, aiming to increase the efficiency of applied research and technological engineering in the fields of coarse and succulent fodder, green fodder, compound feeds, biostimulants and vitamin-mineral premixes. + Article 12 The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, the National Union of Agricultural Production Cooperatives, as well as the executive committees and offices of the county, municipal, city and communal folk councils, are responsible for carrying out the tasks plan on the production of forage, harvesting, storage and preservation of these products, the firm observance of the rules and technologies for the preparation, administration and use of the entire quantity of fodder and are obliged to take measures for the guidance and control of agricultural production units in application all animal feed rules, strict observance of veterinary and zoohygiene rules on housing, feeding, care, reproduction and exploitation of animals, as well as for the strengthening of order and discipline in all zootechnical units. + Chapter 2 Organisation of feed production + Article 13 Socialist agricultural units are obliged to ensure the production of feed from their own resources, at the level provided by the plan, in accordance with the structure by species, breeds and age categories of livestock. Each socialist agricultural unit will establish, through culture plans, feed surfaces, to provide coverage of the total needs of nutrients, including concentrated feed and a reserve of fodder to allow for food. animal feed under normal conditions during periods of weaker harvests. Also, besides each livestock unit will be provided the land areas necessary for forage crops and grazing of animals. + Article 14 For the highest possible use of all surfaces intended for the production of fodder and the obtaining of a maximum quantity of feed per hectare, the socialist agricultural units will use high productivity species and varieties and with high content of nutrients and will extend the areas of perennial legumes in pure culture or in mixture with perennial piles, up to a minimum of 60% of the arable area provided for the forage base. The leaders of the socialist agricultural units respond to the execution of all agro-technical works at a suitable qualitative level and in optimal terms, depending on the specific requirements of each feed culture, its destination and the area pedoclimatic. + Article 15 In each agricultural production unit, successive crops will be extended on all the corresponding areas, and in the irrigated areas and seeding, in the second crop, of the corn for the separate silage of the coytes and the cocens. In order to increase the succulent feed resources the socialist agricultural units will extend the feed beet crops semisaccharized, kale, fodder cabbage and autumn rapeseed, in the areas that meet climate and soil conditions favorable to obtaining high yields in these crops. Scientific fertilization will also be provided, through the priority use of natural fertilizers, of all surfaces intended for cultivated fodder plants and irrigation on these surfaces will be extended, mainly through landscaping. to use local water resources. + Article 16 Socialist agricultural units and other natural grassland owners are obliged to include grassland areas and fanettes in the culture plan and to introduce them periodically in rotation programs with the other crops within the asolaments. The areas of grassland and meadows that do not enter the rotation programmes under the asolaments will be included in the annual improvement and arrangement plans, ensuring, on a compulsory basis, the cleaning, fertilization and overseed or reseeding them. In order to ensure the rational grazing and the increase of green mass production, the socialist agricultural units and the other meadow keepers are obliged to organize their tarlalization and their rotational grazing, during the optimal periods. At the works of arrangement, cleaning, fertilization and other actions to improve the meadows are obliged to participate, according to the approved law and work programs, members of the agricultural production cooperatives, the working staff in the units state agricultural, as well as the other inhabitants of villages and communes. + Article 17 Enterprises for the production of compound feedingstuffs will realize the full required of compound feeds, completion mixtures, proteino-vitamino-mineral supplements and zooforts, with strict adherence to the structures provided in the manufacturing, in accordance with the established quality norms and will deliver rhythmically these products to the beneficiary agricultural units, responding, together with them, to the realization of the productions provided in the livestock sector. Also, enterprises for the production of compound feeds will ensure, at the beneficiary units, the creation of stocks of fodder, on prescriptions, corresponding to normal consumption for a minimum period of 5 days. Enterprises for the production of compound feedingstuffs are obliged to take permanent measures to reduce technological losses, as well as to continuously reduce production costs, in order to increase the economic efficiency of these activities, and the state and cooperative agricultural units, beneficiaries of compound fodder, will act to increase production in the livestock sector, so that the reduction of delivery prices to feed can be found in the increase profitability in this sector. + Article 18 The committees and executive offices of the popular councils will, according to the law, take measures to allocate natural meadows under their administration, as well as grazing land from the forest fund, to socialist agricultural units, the breeders ' associations of cattle and sheep, as well as the other producers who contract the delivery of animals and animal products to the state fund. + Article 19 The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences and the executive boards or executive offices of the popular councils are responsible for organizing the semincere lots necessary for the production of the entire quantity of seed forage plants, including for natural grassland, in accordance with the provisions of Law no. 13/1971 on the production, use and control of the quality of seeds and propagating material for vegetable agricultural production. The areas of the fodder plant seed lots shall not be included in those intended for the production of fodder. The Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences responds to the organization of the production of the elite seed, in corresponding quantities for all forage crops. + Article 20 In order to ensure the production of the necessary fodder for all livestock in the socialist agricultural units, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry and the executive committees or offices of the folk councils are responsible for the use of all areas of land provided for forage crops, including those intended for successive crops, as well as sown and natural grassland, solely for the purpose of obtaining fodder from crops of greatest efficiency. The productions obtained from these lands will be used exclusively in animal feed. The areas of forage crops and the production of fodder, expressed in nutritional quantities and values, constitute indicators of the national single economic-social development plan. The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry will establish, on the main beef unit, surface norms for the production of volume fodder, differentiated according to the degree of fertility of the land, the coarse feed resources and natural meadows existing in each county. + Article 21 The Ministry of Chemical Industry together with the Ministry of Forestry Economy and Construction Materials, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry and the Ministry of Health will ensure the production of all necessary active substances of forage use, synthetic amino acids, enzymatic products, chemical and hormonal biostimulants, antibiotics, antioxidants, non-protein synthetic nitrogenous substances and other additive substances to ensure the scientific and efficient use of feed resources. + Chapter 3 Gathering, storing and preserving feed + Article 22 The socialist agricultural units and the other holders of natural grassland areas shall be sown, of land intended for forage crops, including successive crops, and of cereals, orchards, vineyards and other agricultural crops from which are obtained products that can be used in animal feed, have the obligation to ensure the collection, collection, transport, storage and proper preservation of the whole production of fodder, in order to use them with economic efficiency Raised in animal feed. + Article 23 Socialist agricultural units are obliged to harvest the entire quantity of coarse fodder-straw, coke, weather, sunflower capitulas, as well as the other feed by-products from vegetable productive-, leaves and beetroot parcels, leftovers. from vegetable farming and others, taking measures for the proper adjustment of cutting devices and other mechanisms of harvesting machines, so that complete harvesting and disposal of any loss of feed products is ensured. The collection of feed by-products from plant production will be carried out concurrently with the harvesting of the basic products, so that, at the end of the harvest of each parcel, the resulting feed will be transported and stored in full at the places of consumption. The technologies adopted by the socialist agricultural units for the harvesting, transport, storage, preservation and preparation of coarse feed and other vegetable feed underproducts must ensure the full preservation of the nutritional value of to them, so that their use in animal feed leads to the production of the planned animal production. The quantities of straw, coke, stalks, leaves and beet parcels and other vegetable agricultural by-products to be collected, stored and preserved for their use in animal feed shall constitute indicators of the single national development plan. economic and social. Any quantitative loss or degradation of the quality of these types of feed attracts the liability of the guilty, according to the law. + Article 24 Socialist agricultural units are obliged to store and preserve the entire quantity of feed in appropriate conditions, in silos and warehouses located in close proximity to the stables, to the shelters of shelters and other places of animal feed, so as to avoid unnecessary transport and feed losses and to ensure the feeding of animals under any conditions of time. + Article 25 The quantities of green fodder that exceed the current consumption requirement during the plant vegetation period, as well as the production of borhots, tescovina, leftovers from vegetable gardens and canning plants, will be insilose in the mix with Coarse fodder, ensuring that their consumption and their nutritional intake are increased. Coarse fodder that is not siled and remains to be used as such will be properly stored and preserved, avoiding any form of waste. These feeds will be prepared in the quantities necessary for daily consumption or for short periods, by chopping and treatment with chemicals, saramuration or other technical procedures, with which to increase the nutritional value, the degree of consumption and digestibility. + Article 26 Socialist economic units that, in the production process, carry out by-products -srots, bran, borhots, beetroot noodles-, or waste with nutritional value that can be used in animal feed, are obliged to take measures to collect and proper storage of these products, avoiding wastage and any loss by degradation, and for the use of the quantities necessary for feeding their livestock or for their delivery to the zootechnical and zootechnical establishments other economic units, according to law. + Article 27 In order to capitalize on the domestic debris and other available resources, the socialist units besides operating canteens, food establishments, tourist chalets and other such units are obliged to organize annexes for the growth of animals and birds, activities from which to cover their own consumption needs, within the framework of the established rules, and for the delivery of quantities of products to the state fund. + Article 28 For the mechanization of the works of production, harvesting, preservation and preparation of the feed will be organized specialized, permanent formations, properly equipped, at all large livestock units and farms, and for the other units will be organized a group specialized throughout the single agro-industrial state council and cooperatist. The resorts for agricultural mechanization will ensure, through specialized centers, the maintenance of machinery and feed preparation facilities, by timely and properly maintenance and repair. + Article 29 The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences together with the relevant institutes are responsible for the production and production of the technologies for collecting, storing and preserving fibrous fodder, succulent and coarse, with low energy consumption and fuels, as well as the generalization of the feed preparation system by silage, in quantities to fully cover the normal needs. Also, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences together with the Ministry of Machine Building Industry will ensure the assimilation and production of machinery and harvesting, transport, preparation and distribution of fodder, based on technical-economic studies to substantiate the assimilation, elaborated by the beneficiaries; the machines and installations will have various dimensions and capacities, so that they can be used, in the most economically, in different areas of the country. For livestock farmers with personal households, small cars and machinery will be produced, adapted to the specific conditions of growth and exploitation of animals in different areas of the country. + Chapter 4 Rational use of feed + Article 30 Socialist agricultural units and other animal keepers are obliged to strictly observe the feed rules for each species and category of animals and birds, to use economic feed rations, to ensure efficiency gains. feed consumed and, on this basis, making the most of the biological potential of animals. Also, in order to fully assimilate the fodder, to obtain a corresponding yield of them, the agricultural units will fully ensure the quantities of drinking water established according to the feed technologies, as well as the necessary reserve, both for the watering of animals and for the preparation of their food. To this end, it will be achieved, through the use of local resources and possibilities, simple, slightly expensive, easy to maintain, capture, transport and water distribution facilities in places accessible at all times to animals. + Article 31 The rules of forage by species, categories of animals and birds and per unit of product, in relation to the average nutritional values of feed, and, within the framework of these rules, the maximum quantities of concentrated feedingstuffs, shall be established by decree of The State Council. The forage rules provided in par. 1 are mandatory for all state and cooperative agricultural units. + Article 32 In animal feed will be considered increasing the share of volume feed and reducing the consumption of concentrates in the structure of the rations, based on the application of modern technological methods and processes, to ensure the superior valorization of to them, by increasing their consumption and nutrient intake. Concentrated fodder will be used in the food of steers, sheep and pigs within the maximum norms established, according to the law, ensuring the full administration of normal volume feed. + Article 33 In pig farming and fattening units, animal feed must be based on the use of normed quantities of corn and barley with high humidity, silage, potatoes, green mass, roots, pumpkins, melons and other fodder. juicy. In order to feed the dairy cows, the adult bovine animals for meat, the young bovine animals and the ovin for breeding, and the wool sheep, the direct consumption, at the place of production, of green fodder and of other volume feed, will be ensured, by grazing. During the summer, the basic feedingstuffs for all categories of cattle and sheep shall be from the green table, from natural pastures, from sown meadows, from land in the forest fund on which grazing and forage crops are permitted, and in winter, from succulent, fibrous and coarse fodder. + Article 34 In order to apply feed preparation technologies, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry and the general directions for agriculture and the county food industry and the city of Bucharest, will take all measures socialist agricultural with the direct support of the resorts for the mechanization of agriculture, to extend the organization on feed kitchens, to provide their equipping with machines, installations and machinery for the preparation of the assortments of fodder used in food animals and follow strict adherence to their work of the rules and Animal feed technologies. + Article 35 For the purpose of permanent knowledge of the quality of all feed assortments under the report of nutritional content and sanitation, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, together with the executive committees of the popular councils county and the city of Bucharest, will take measures to improve the activity of specialized laboratories. They will carry out physico-chemical, micological and bacteriological feed analyses, based on which they will calculate the nutritional values of all feed and ensure the control and guidance of agricultural units for the conservation, preparation and the use of feed, giving them the necessary support in establishing the structure of feed rations that will be used under the conditions specific to each unit for the production of production tasks. In the large zootechnical complexes and farms will be organized laboratories equipped with the necessary damage of equipment and instrumentation, for the operative determination of the quality of all the assortments of feed used in animal feed. Consistent with the results of the specialized laboratory analyses, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry elaborates, as the case may be, state standards-which are approved according to the law-or technical branch rules for each fodder as well as Reception, through which it will be established, corresponding to the quality of the fodder, the animal production that must be carried out compulsorily. + Chapter 5 Liabilities and penalties + Article 36 Violation of the provisions of this law attracts disciplinary, contravention, material, civil or criminal liability, as the case may be, of the guilty. + Article 37 Non-compliance, by personnel with employment contract in socialist agricultural units and members of agricultural production cooperatives, of the provisions of art. 3 3, 5, 13, 14, 30 and 32 para. 2 of this law constitutes contravention, if the facts are not enjoyed in such conditions that, according to the criminal law, be considered crimes. Contraventions provided in par. 1 is sanctioned with a fine of 500 to 2,000 lei: When establishing the sanction, the seriousness of the contravention on influences in zootechnical production will be taken into account. + Article 38 Finding the contraventions provided in art. 37 and the application of sanctions are made by minutes concluded by mayors and specialists empowered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry or, as the case may be, by the general directions for agriculture and the county food industry and the city of Bucharest. Against the minutes of finding the contravention and application of the sanction you can complain within 15 days of its communication. The complaint shall be lodged with the body to which the finding agent belongs. The contraventions provided by this law are applicable to the provisions Law no. 32/1968 establishing and sanctioning contraventions. + Chapter 6 Final provisions + Article 39 In order to immediately apply the provisions of this law in all agricultural units, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, the National Union of Agricultural Cooperatives of Production, the executive committees of the county folk councils and of the city of Bucharest, the state and cooperative agro-industrial councils and the management of the agricultural units are obliged to ensure: a) the organization of thorough knowledge of the provisions of the law by all agriculture specialists, cooperative members, mechanizers, all personnel working in animal husbandry; b) the debate, in the general meetings of the state and cooperative agricultural units, in all the collectives of working people from the units with livestock sector or with activity in the field of feed production of the provisions of the law; c) the organization of actions of popularization, by displaying at work and other means of information, the regulations on the production, collection, storage, preservation and rational use of feed, the responsibilities of the state and cooperative, all working people working in socialist agricultural units and other units with livestock sector; d) the signing of the provisions of the law by all personnel working in the zootechnical sector or in the activity on the production and use of fodder. The management of the organs and units provided in par. 1 will control the way in which the popularization and knowledge of the provisions of this law was ensured and respond directly to the application of it. + Article 40 On the date of entry into force of this Law, the Law no. 22/1971 for the organisation of the production and rational use of feed resources, Decision of the Council of Ministers no. 566/1973 for the establishment and sanctioning of contraventions to the legal norms regarding the organization of the production and rational use of fodder resources, as well as any other contrary provisions. This law was adopted by the Grand National Assembly at its meeting on April 1, 1982. President The Great National Assembly NICOLAE GIOSAN + Annex CLASSIFICATION OF FODDER No. crt. Group of nutreturns The name of the fodder in the group 1.Group of fibroasea fodder) hay; b) flour and granules of dehydrated green plants; c) fibrous fodder flour 2.Group of succulent fodder) silage fodder; b) semisiloz; c) fodder verzI; d) borhots; e) root; f) tubers; g) bostanous; h) culinary leftovers. 3.Group of coarse fodder) grain straw; b) corn cocks; c) beaks; d) weather; e) plevuri; f) gozuri II; g) bird dejections. 4.Group of concentrated concentrates) cultivated concentrates; b) industrial concentrates; c) protein flours of plant origin; d) protein flours of animal origin; e) grain spreads (gozuri I). 5.Group of energy substances) vegetable fats for fodder use; b) animal fats for feed use; c) feed sugar; d) glucose; e) starch; f) molasses. 6.Group of mineral substances) macroelements; b) microelements. 7.Group of feed additives) vitamins; b) amino acids; c) feed antibiotics; d) enzymatic substances; e) dyes; f) antioxidants; g) non-protein synthetic nitrogen substances. 8.Group of feed preparations) compound feeds; b) cores; c) premixes; d) substitutes. -----------------