Key Benefits:
VERDICT Number 65 /PUU-VIII/2010
FOR JUSTICE BASED ON THE DIVINITY OF THE ALMIGHTY
THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
[1.1] Which examines, prosecuting, and severing the case constitution on
first and last level, dropping a ruling in case of application
Testing Act No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Event Law
against the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, which
submitted by:
[1.2] Name: Prof. Dr. Yusril Ihza Mahendra;
Place/Date Born: Belitung, 5 February 1956; Address: North Asem Reef Number 32, Mega
Kuningan, South Jakarta;
Next is called as -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hearing the applicant;
Checking the evidence from the applicant;
Hearing the expert on the applicant;
Hear and read the written caption from the Government;
Hear and read the written caption from Representative Council
People;
2. SITTING LAWSUIT
[2.1] A draw that the applicant submitted a later plea
listed in the Constitutional Court (subsequently called Kepaniteraan
The Court) on Tuesday 19 October 2010 with the case registration
No. 65 /PUU-VIII/2010, which was corrected and accepted in Kepaniteraan
Court on December 2, 2010, outlines the following:
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I. The authority of the Constitutional Court 1. The applicant pleads that the Constitutional Court (MK) performs
testing against Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27 juncto Section 65 juncto
Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) the letter a Invite-
Invite Number 8 Year 1981 on Criminal Event Law (KUHAP)
against Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution;
2. The provisions of Article 24C paragraph (1) of the Constitution of 1945 juncto Article 10 of the paragraph (1) letter a
Act No. 24 of 2003 on the Constitutional Court (Act
MK), mention that one of the authority of the Constitutional Court
is to do testing legislation against the Act
Basic State of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 (Constitution 1945);
3. Article 7 of the Law Number 10 of the Year 2004 on the Establishment
Regulation of the Invitation, declaring that hierarchically
the position of the Constitution of 1945 is higher than the Act. Because
that, any provision of the Act should not be contradictory to
Constitution of 1945 (constitutie is de hoogste wet). If there is a provision in
the Act as opposed to the 1945 Constitution, then the provisions
it can be moved to be tested through the testing mechanism
Undang-Undang;
4. Based on these things above, the applicant argued that
The Constitutional Court of authority checks and breaks the plea
testing this legislation.
II. Legal standing (legal standing) applicant 1. That Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the MK Act says that "The applicant is
the party who considers the rights and/or its constitutional authority
is harmed by the law", which in the letter a
mentions " the individual of the country. "Indonesia". Further in
The explanation of Article 51 of the verse (1) is said to be "right
constitutional" is "the rights set forth in the Basic Law
of the Republic of Indonesia of Indonesia in 1945".
2. That it relates to this request, the applicant confirms that
The applicant has constitutional rights set up in the 1945 Constitution,
that is if it is stated as a suspect entitled to obtain
the treatment accordingly. due process of law as a consequence
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of the establishment of the State of Indonesia as a legal state,
as set out in Article 1 of the paragraph (3); and the right of recognition,
the guarantee, protection, and certainty of fair law as well as the treatment that
equal to the law, as set out in Section 28D paragraph (1);
3. That the applicant assumes the constitutional rights of the applicant set
in the 1945 Constitution as described in the number 2 above, it has been
aggrieved by the enactment of the Act
No. 8 Year 1981 of the Act of Law. The Law of the Criminal Events Act
(KUHAP) (later called Act 8/1981), in particular Article 1 of the 26
and the number 27 is connected to Article 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) A letter. The complete sound of the article-
The section is as follows:
Article 1 of the figure 26 " The witness is the person who can provide the information for the benefit
the inquiry, prosecution and the judiciary of the matter criminal he
listen to himself, he sees himself and he naturally himself ";
Article 1 number 27 " The witness stand is one of the evidence in the criminal case that
is a description of the witness regarding a criminal event which he
hears for himself, he sees himself and he naturally himself by calling the excuses
of that knowledge "
Article 65 " The suspect or defendant is entitled to attempt and file
a witness and or a person who has special expertise to provide
a favorable description for him "
Section 116 paragraph (3) In examination of the suspect is asked if he intends to hear it
a witness that can be favorable to him and when there is then it
noted in the news of the event.
Section 116 of the paragraph (4) In terms of as referred to in paragraph (3) the mandatory investigator calls
and examine the witness;
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Section 184 paragraph (1) The valid proof tool is:
a. Witness description;
4. That at the time of submitting this request, the applicant is status as
The suspect in alleged criminal corruption who has been assigned is based on
The Investigator Order of the Investigations Director of the Young Attorney General Tindak
Special Crimes Number Print-79/F. 2/Fd.1/06/2010, June 24, 2010,
violates Section 2, Section 3, and Section 12 of the letter i Law No. 31 of 1999
juncto Act Number 20 Year 2001 juncto Section 55 paragraph (1) 1st Book
Legal Act Criminal (Evidence P4). The applicant is alleged to have
file a criminal corruption "fee of access fee and acceptance fee
The State is Not Tax (PNBP) on the Legal Agency Administration System
The Department of Law and Human Rights RI". Director of Inquiry on the Attorney General
Young Tindak Special Criminal, Attorney General, Arminsyah, had
deliver the press information to the public on 29 June 2009
that the penalty threat imposed on the applicant is
"sentence of a lifetime" (Evidence P5). This statement was even delivered
to the public before the applicant himself was called to be examined by
Investigator. The applicant argues that this press description is a part of
A Attorney General's opinion-raising that can conjure the petitioner;
5. That the applicant considers the designation of a suspect a criminal offence
corruption with the maximum sentence threat of life imprisonment
is a very serious and tendenise that concerns the name
well, harkat, and dignity The applicant and the entire family of the petitioner.
With an apology to the Assembly of Justice of the Constitutional Court
Your Honor, let the supplicant convey that the applicant is
a Master of the Law of the Law of the State of the Faculty of Law University
Indonesia, academia, and politician who was once a member of the Board
People's Representative, People's Consultative Assembly, twice being
Minister of Justice and Human Rights, one time being the Minister
The Secretary of State of the Republic of Indonesia, and various other public offices.
The applicant also It is known that Indonesian people have officially become
candidates for President of the Republic of Indonesia and have been passed by the plenary meeting
The People's Consultative Assembly in the 1999 General Assembly.
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The applicant is also widely known as the former Chairman and now as
Chairman of the Syura Assembly Party of the Moon Star, a party that is assigning
Islam;
6. That if the applicant was sentenced a day to a day by indictment
in violation of Article 2, Section 3, Article 12, and Article 12 of the Law Number
31 Year 1999 on the Criminal Code Corruption juncto Act
No. 20 Year 2001, then career The applicant's political journey will be
closed with the serta-peta for all eternity. So many invite-
invite in the State of the Republic of Indonesia which requires a person who
once a criminal with a penalty threat over five years, he
is not allowed to occupy any state office. also.
Do not run for President, running for
the head of the village has been banned by the Act. The fate of the applicant
would have been far worse than the fate of former Deputy Prime
Malaysian Minister Anwar Ibrahim, who despite being punished with punishment
prison for 8 years, but when free, he remained allowed
established a new political party and then re-elected again as
a member of Parliament, and is now the Chairman of the Dissenters (Opposition) in
The Malaysian Parliament;
7. That is based on the Investigative Warrant Director of the Prosecutor's Office
Young Great Criminal Number Print-79/F. 2/Fd.1/06/2010,
on June 24, 2010, the applicant has been repeatedly called to be examined
as a Suspect with various calling letters and last
is SPT-2915/F. 2/Fd.1/06/ 2010 dated
14 October 2010 (Evidence P6). Every time an inspection lasts dozens
the print and electronic media reporters in and out of the country cover it in
The Supreme Prosecutor's Bundar Building, which indicates that with the case
This, the applicant has now been in the spotlight public both domestic and
international (Evidence P7). This case has been a concern and a concern of
various international organizations, including Asian-African Legal
Consultative Organization headquartered in New Delhi and International
Bar Association based in London. Some members of parliament in
ASEAN countries also come to Jakarta to ask questions-
ikhwal is the case on the applicant;
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8. That as a good citizen, the applicant complies with the law
throughout its implementation and the legal norms used are not
contrary to the higher and conflicting legal norms
with universal moral norms. The applicant was present fulfilling the call
Investigator, although when the applicant rejected the validity of Hendarman
Supandji as Attorney General and did the resistance against him,
and also against the President of the Republic of Indonesia which raised it,
among other things through this Court;
9. That only twice the applicant may not be present in the examination
for valid reasons, namely one suffering from pain (dental surgery and
mouth), and one more hindrous due to the collision of time with
case hearing Act No. 16 of the Year
2004 on the Prosecutor of the Republic of Indonesia, which the applicant filed in
The Constitutional Court of Indonesia. The two legitimate reasons have been delivered
officially by mail and can be understood as well as received by the Investigator.
During the examination, the applicant has shown a stance
the briefcase. There is no question of the Investigator who does not answer.
But if there is constitutional rights the applicant is violated by
the Investigator and the Attorney General's apparatus, then the applicant's right to
conduct the resistance to the The waiver of constitutional rights. Step
This applicant is in line with the Applicant Commitment to participate
fostering the Republic of Indonesia's Legal State;
10. That all forms of resistance, the petitioners are doing through the legitimate and constitutional means, including a material test request
against the Act now that the applicant is once again
to the Court The Constitution. As such, the applicant rejects the fundraising
opinion by while the party, that the resistance is in the way
that is lawful and concise as an "unethical" act and even
" is lawful all ways to be spared in. bui " as pronounced two
an intellectual figure who by some is considered an intellectual
influential in the country, Professor Franz Magnis Suseno and
Professor Azyumardi Azra (Proof of P8);
11. That during the vetting process, the Head of the Information Center
The Law (Kapuspenkum) the Attorney General has announced to
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the public that the Investigator has called and requested the description of 27 witnesses
that all incriminates the applicant. A number of experts are required
to clarify the case against the applicant has also been
and is being examined the Attorney General. Amid the screening that
is underway, the Attorney General has announced that from
the results of the checks have been conducted, they have obtained the tool
sufficient evidence to submit the applicant as the defendant to the
court (Evidence P9);
12. That the applicant argued was the Investigator's authority to
call and examine the witnesses and experts who at his point would
incriminate the petitioner to prove their alleged. However
also is the right of the applicant as a Suspect to defend
self and deny the applicant's incriminating testimony, among other
in the manner of bringing up favorable witnesses, which
according to The reasonable consideration of the applicant may deny or
abort the description of the incriminating witnesses called and
be checked over the Investigator initiative. The applicant is of course, according to the event law
in effect, not in a position that can judge or
convey any objection also to those of the witnesses who
were summoned and examined by the Investigator;
13. That otherwise, the applicant argues that the process of inquiry
should be done fairly and equating to upholding
the constitutional rights of the applicant guaranteed by the Base Act,
including recognition against the universally applicable principle,
asas the presumption of innocence. The examination will
take place fairly and equates and respect for the asas
the innocence of innocence will be realized, if the suspect's right to request
to the Investigator to call and examine the witnesses who
benefiting the applicant is met by Investigators, without Investigators
has the right to judge and express the objection of whether the witness-
witnesses deemed favorable by the applicant are relevant or not
with the case. If the applicant assessees the favorable witness
it is completely unfavorable, even detrier, then for what
the applicant asks that the witness be called and checked;
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14. That, as the Investigator has the freedom, it even has the right
to use forced summoning against anyone they
make as a damning witness, then the applicant as
The suspect, for the sake of justice and the balance, should also be entitled
to request called and checked favorable witnesses.
Investigators are not entitled to judge and convey objections
against whom witnesses the applicant considers as a The witness who
benefited it. Investigators also had no right to refuse by reason
that the witness who, according to the applicant, would benefit from it, would be
harms the applicant. Investigators are obliged to call and check
Those witnesses are beneficial to it. The principle of balance in
checks are guaranteed in the International Covenant of Civil Rights and
UN Politics which has been ratified by the Government by the Act
No. 11 of 2005;
15. That in a Investigator examination has asked the applicant,
whether the applicant is willing to hear the witnesses and experts who can
benefit the applicant, as per the provisions of Article 65 juncto Section 116
paragraph (3) KUHAP. The applicant has answered that question with
saying "yes" and the Investigator noted the answer in the Event News
Examination (BAP). The applicant through his legal power then
relayed in writing the names of experts and witnesses who
benefited the applicant, and asked the Investigator to call
and examine the benefits and witnesses for the benefit of the prosecution. such,
pursuant to the provisions set out in Article 65 and Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) Act 8/1981. Witnesses favorable to the applicant
as stated in the letter the Legal Advisory signed
The applicant is Megawati Sukarnoputri, H.M. Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian Gie,
and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (Evidence P10);
16. The applicant is aware that asking for favorable witnesses and
to be invoked is the right of the applicant, and the Investigator is obliged to call
those favorable witnesses, given Article 116 of the paragraph (4) of the Act
8/1981 contain The rules are imperative. Of course the witnesses
the benefits are the witnesses, which, according to the consideration
The applicant has something to do with the criminal case that is being held
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to the applicant. The request brought a favorable witness
that, according to M. Yahya Harahap, should be done with consideration
a reasonable one, not with the intent to slow the course
examination, or be done with bad iktikad to play-
play a check (Yahya Harahap: Question Problem and
Application of the KUHAP, Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, Second Edition, 2001, matter. 138).
According to Harahap, if there is such a bad ad, for example, the suspect
asked to be called and checked 100 favorable witnesses who
difficult to find where the address is. While under consideration
a reasonable one, 100 favorable witnesses it had nothing to do
with the case, it was bad faith to play-play
such a check could abort the Investigator ' s obligation to
calling and checking them as set out in Section 65
juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (4) KUHAP;
17. That in fact, the applicant has not submitted 100 witnesses who
benefited the hard ones to look for where he is. Fourth
A favorable witness who the applicant asks to be called and checked
that his address is clear and easy to look for. According to the reasonable
of the applicant, the four favorable witnesses are indeed
relevant to explain the various matters related to the alleged followup
the criminal corruption imposed upon the applicant. Three of the four witnesses
the auspicious ones who asked for it (Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian Gie,
and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono) were once together with the applicant
being the Cabinet Minister of the National Union led by President
Abdurrahman Wahid. Megawati Sukarnoputri when it became the Vice
President. Jusuf Kalla became Minister of Industry and Commerce that
often complained of slowing the legalization of the company so that
hinting investment in industrial and trade fields. Susilo Bambang
Yudhoyono when it became Minister of Mines and Energy that also
interests with investments through various companies
Indonesian laws that want to be established by both inner and external entrepreneurs
Country. Kwik Kian Gie at that time was Menko Ecuin who was in charge of the
answer to coordinate the acceleration efforts of the national economic recovery
and to deal with the cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank. The applicant as
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The General Chairman of the Moon Star Party, signed a nomination letter
Susilo Bambang Yudhyono as the candidate for President of Indonesia to the Election Commission
General, so that he qualified to be a candidate. Susilo Bambang
Yudhoyono was later elected President and the applicant to be
The Minister of State Secretary in the United Indonesia Cabinet (KIB I) who
was in his position;
18. That the applicant alleged that the applicant, i.e. corruption
cost aksess fee PNBP Sisminbakum, was not solely an action
private, but attached to the position of the applicant who was when the alleged followup
the criminal was It is in the position of the applicant as Minister
Justice and human rights of the Republic of Indonesia. As such, the applicant
argues that asking for the presence of favorable witnesses
that is, that of the former minister, former Vice President and even President
is something reasonable and is not making it up. There is no need
supposition that if the President is asked to be a favorable witness,
then it would be a precedent, later any suspect would ask
the president was presented to be a favorable witness. A Bakery
motorcycle in Makassar hit people on the road to death and
asked President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono to be a witness that
benefited, certainly not a reasonable request. A request like
this, is required to be rejected by the Investigator as it can be qualified as
foretold request and bad faith-based to
complicate the course of the examination;
19. That despite the reason of the cross, the applicant opined that
all four of the requested names were called and examined as witnesses who
benefited it, due to his duties and duties at that time, indeed
had a connection with the The criminal offence will be to
The applicant. All four favorable witnesses were present at the hearing
the cabinet led by President Abdurrahman Wahid in early May
2000, when the Government listened to the proposal of the National Economic Council
led Emil Salim. One of the things discussed in the hearing
is the Government slowness, in this case the Department of Law
and the Invitation in the establishment of a limited liability establishment
(PT), which resulted in the Government's volunteer Indonesia speeds up the process
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National economic recovery due to the crisis in 1997. Governments that
in cooperation with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank
The world is in the framework of crisis handling and economic recovery, as well
criticizing that slowdown. The IMF and the World Bank argued there would be no way
there would be an economic recovery if there was no investment. While
investment is hampered as the Government is slow to set up its establishment
perseroan. In Singapore, it took only one day.
In Malaysia and Hong Kong it was only two days away. While in Indonesia
take more than a year without any certainty;
20. That the four names above were also present in the cabinet hearings
when President Abdurrahman Wahid gave a directive that
given the absence of APBN post 1999/2000 to build the network
information technology to accelerate process of endorsement of the company
, then the development of the network was submitted only to the private
to make an investment to build it. Finally, Minister
Judiciary and Human Rights decided that the information technology network
was built with the Built, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) agreement for 10
years. The project was completed and operated in January 2001
which was inaugurated by Vice President Megawati Sukarnoputri. In Letter
of Intent Government to the IMF on May 21, 2000, which among others
signed by Kwik Kian Gie, Indonesian Government posited
commitment that the Government will address the problem delay
authorization of the company (company registration) within a year
(Proof P11). It turns out that the delay problem was already resolved
The government in less than a year. This is the first
E-Government project in the homeland that is considered a success in
giving the public service and obtaining standard recognition
international ISO 9001-2000 (Evidence P12);
21. That the economic impact of the acceleration of the endorsement of the company was indeed
is very great for the country. For 7 years accelerated through
a network of information technology built and operated by the private
it has more than 6000 new companies passed for the sector
industry, services, and mining only, not yet
and other sectors. In those seven years, from this sector
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only, the Central Bureau of Statistics reported that the state gained value
added revenue of 958 trillion rupiah, with the workforce
absorbed as much as 4.7 million people (Evidence P 13). This figure is far beyond
the cost the Government used in dealing with the 1997 economic crisis,
which, according to Finance Minister Budiono's report in the Cabinet Session
Gotong Royong (2002), was 632 trillion rupiah. The Attorney General
with his own count stated the cost of fee Sisminbakum
which was not incorporated into the state coffers, so it has caused
a state loss of 420 billion rupiah. This number is an income
gross of all applicants authoring the company through network services
Sisminbakum information technology for 7 years, not a net profit
that private company;
22. That the Minister of Law and Human Rights Andi Mattalata, in his letter to
the Minister of Finance on 27 November 2008 had asked for the funds
an additional budget of 10 billion rupiah to finance the operation
Sisminbakum is only for one month (December) 2008 only. This request
was submitted by Minister Mattalata after all Sisminbakum equipment was seized
by Investigator the Attorney General for the use of evidence, and the accounts
PT SRD on Danamon Bank and BNI were frozen at the request
The Attorney General. The Department of Law and Human Rights borrowed
using the seized evidence must bear its own whole
Sisminbakum 's operational costs, which the Minister' s request
Mattalata amounted to 10 billion rupiah The moon. With this number,
then the APBN fund that will be used by the Department of Law and Human Rights
for 7 years (84 months) for the operating cost of Sisminbakum is 840
billion rupiah. This figure is not yet calculated how much the investment fee
builds on the project if it is self-worked by the Government. It was clear
it was clear that the state money used was double the size of
the alleged state loss that the Attorney General said was 420
billion rupiah, as the money was not made available as PNBP. While
BPKP after conducting an investigative audit stated it could not
conclude whether there is an element of state loss or not in the case
this;
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23. That throughout the understanding of the applicant, the project built with
the BOT system, whose entire capital of development and operation
was handed over to the private, was unlikely to be a fee that was in place
the country levied. as a PNBP. The country's advantage is from its button
the public service, and its inclusion of all project assets to the country
after the BOT agreement expires. While on private levies by private
it is taxed, not entirely taken state into acceptance
the country is not a tax (PNBP). There are dozens, maybe even hundreds of projects
BOT all over the motherland, but Sisminbakum is the only BOT
considered by the Attorney General as corruption. The applicant wants
showing that the entire land belongs to the state in Senayan and Kemayoran
in the work of the Government, in this case the Secretariat of State, with
the BOT system with the private parties. Similarly, some toll roads in
all of the homeland, including some container ports;
24. That Sisminbakum was enacted through Decree 4 Ministers
Judiciary, namely Pemapplicant, Baharuddin Lopa, Marsilam Simanjuntak, and
Hamid Awaludin. The Minister's decision on the applicant is invalid
one legally valid form of law,
as set in Law No. 10 of the Year 2004 on
The Establishment of the Promulgitation Ordinance. But later on
when Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono became President, the implementation
The Sisminbakum was enhanced by legislation, namely the Invite-
Invite Number 40 Year 2007 on the Limited Perseroan (next
called Act 40/2007). Article 9 of the law reads " For
obtaining the Minister ' s Decision on the enactment of the legal entity
the company as referred to in Article 7 of the paragraph (4), co-founder-
same as applying for services through the services of the law. system information technology
the administration of the legal body electronically to the Minister. " (Evidence P14).
The Legal Body Administration System (Sisminbakum) enacted
with this legislation, if the applicant reads carefully Risalah
The bill for the Bill of Limited Perseroan in the House (page 428)
is the same as Sisminbakum the applicant and the three Ministers
Justice and other human rights did before with the Decision
The minister, who was considered the Attorney General for that corruption. Petitioner
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argues, if the applicant as acting Minister as law
maker must be punished for making the Minister's Decision, then President
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and the entire House of Representatives 2004-2009
as law maker the 40/2007 Law maker on Limited Perseroan as well
must be punished;
25. That when Sisminbakum was enacted with legislation,
The applicant is no longer a minister, both the minister of justice and human rights
and the Minister of State Secretaries. The Minister of Law and Human Rights at the time
was held by Andi Mattalata. The question that is always on the mind
The applicant is, in case that the Sisminbakum is indeed corruption,
why did the President and the House strengthen his treatment with
the legislation? All arguments, all legal documents like this have
The applicant gave to the Investigator, but all were rejected with
the reasons are not relevant. As such, the applicant argues that it should be the
Minister, the Vice President, and the President who both decided
that policy, requested in his interest as a favorable witness to
clarify the matter. The description of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono who
signed the enactment of Law 40/2007 also needs to be heard. What is the reason
The president increased the legal norm of the Sisminbakum applicable law that
is accused by the Attorney General as corruption of it with the Invite-
Invite? Sisminbakum began to be ushered in due to a fee access fee.
corruption by the Attorney General on 31 October 2008, while the Act
40/2007 was passed by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on 16 August
2007;
26. That the applicant argued, the testimony of Megawati Sukarnoputri and
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono would benefit the petitioner. They
is expected to explain the underlying problem to
The applicant, which is why the private-picked fee access fee
builds and operates an information technology network.
"Sisminbakum" with the BOT system is not levied as Acceptance
The state is not a tax, so according to the Investigator it has harmed
the state finances and the applicant are responsible as the perpetrators of the followup
criminal corruption. However, according to Article 2 of the Law No. 20
in 1997 of PNBP (Evidence P 15), the authority of the authority set the type
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The service and magnitude of the PNBP fare is not a ministerial authority
technical, in this case the Minister of Justice and human rights, but is
the President's authority by means through the Regulation
Government (PP), on the proposal of the Minister of Finance. To the extent of the knowledge
The applicant, Megawati Sukarnoputri during his tenure
once included the cost of Sisminbakum's fee access as PNBP;
27. That President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has four published
Government Regulation (PP), namely PP Number 75 of 2005, PP Number 19
Year 2007, PP Number 82 of 2007) that changed various types
of service and magnitude The rates that the PNBP charges apply at
The Department of Justice and Human Rights (now the Ministry of Law and Human Rights) and
never enter the cost of access to the use of information networks
that are built and privatized (Sisminbakum) It's the PNBP.
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono just established that access fee
as PNBP through PP Number 38 of 2009 dated 3 June 2009 (Evidence
P 16). The PP is published after the former General of the General Legal Administration (AHU)
Prof Dr Romli Atmasasmita was convicted by the Jakarta District Court
The South violates Article 3 of the Law No. 31 of 1999 juncto
Act Number 20 in 2001, which is to abuse
the authority divides the Department of Justice Employees ' cooperative money
(KPPDK) with the General Directorate of AHU. The verdict was not yet inkracht
for now he is awaiting the Supreme Court case of the case;
28. That the applicant argued, if Megawati Sukarnoputri and Susilo
Bambang Yudhoyono described his testimony that before the year
2009, Sisminbakum ' s access fee was not PNBP, hence the caption it would
benefit the applicant as a Suspect. If the fee access fee
not the PNBP should be levied the Department of Justice and
human rights, but rather levied by the private build and
operate it according to the BOT Agreement and the levy is imposed
Tax (PPn), hence the assumption of the applicant as a criminal offender
corruption, is legally unwarranted. The intended
to the applicant as a suspect or a defendant later, according to
the applicant's estimate, indeed exists, but the court will assess
that the deed is not a criminal (ontslaag van allei rechtsvervolging).
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Thus, there is still hope for the applicant to be free from
the threat of a life imprisonment due to alleged corruption charges
the applicant has done;
29. That in fact, the applicant's request to call and
examine all four favorable witnesses has been rejected
openly by the Investigator Andi Herman and delivered to the public
(Evidence P18). The rejection was later confirmed to the public by
The Acting Acting (Plt) Attorney General Darmono, the Attorney General of the Young Tindak
Special Crimes (Jampidsus) M. Amari and Head of the Information Center
The Law (Kapuspenkum) the Attorney General Babul Khoir Harahap and loaded
in various national print and electronic media and press in the areas
(Evidence P19). The reason for their rejection at the point-of-point of
their assessment that the beneficial witnesses that the applicant
request to be called and checked under the provisions of Article 65, juncto Article
116 verses (3) and verse (4) KUHAP is not relevant to the inquiry
the case of the applicant is alleged. Attorney General's top brass
it even explicitly says that the witness is favorable that
The applicant asks that it does not meet the criteria as a witness, which is the person who
may refer to a criminal offence he " heard. Alone, see
yourself and experience it yourself ". Jampidsus Amari even said
that the auspicious witnesses who asked for it "pal-most
would say"testimmonium de auditu"that is" a person, a person says ".
That kind of stuff he says" doesn't. can be used as a proof tool
at the court hearing " (Evidence P20);
30. That because of the request to call the witnesses who
benefited it had we done over and over again, but still no
being met, then two of them, namely H.M. Jusuf Kalla (Proof
P20) and Kwik Kian Gie (Evidence P21) finally on his own initiative
has delivered a written description of their testimony
about various things related to Sisminbakum, based on what
they are aware of. The caption has been delivered to the Investigator
The Attorney General. The applicant has requested that the second description
the suspect be included in the case file, and again requested
for them to be called and checked to be loaded in Event News
17
Examination (BAP), as their willingness to be mentioned
is firmly in the description. The request was contained in the BAP
on the inspection of the applicant on 29 November 2010. However, the applicant
has not yet received any certainty whether the caption would be contained in
case files or not. The applicant also did not get an answer that
for sure, whether the willingness of H.M. Jusuf Kalla and Kwik Kian Gie to be examined
and loaded in the BAP will be met by the Attorney General of the Attorney General;
31. That the applicant's right to ask for the hearing of the witnesses
that is deemed to benefit the applicant under the provisions of Article 65
juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) Act 8/1981, and rejected by the Investigator
and the Attorney General's top brass, clearly harming the right
the constitutional applicant guaranteed by the Constitution of 1945. The reason for rejection
they were apparently based on the provisions of Article 1 of the 26
KUHAP about "witness" and provisions of Article 1 of 27 Acts 8/1981 on
"witness statements" when connected to the provisions of Article 65 juncto
articles 116 verse (3) and (4) as well as Section 184 of paragraph (1) of the Act 8/1981.
Kalaulah witnesses qualified as people who "view themselves, hear
alone and experience a criminal event", then there
odds that Megawati, Kwik Kian Gie, Jusuf Kalla, and Susilo
Bambang Yudhoyono did not meet that qualification. While
"witness description" qualised as a description of the person who "saw
himself, heard alone, and experienced himself" a criminal offense that
happened, then all four did not see for himself,
hearing for yourself or experiencing the alleged "corruption" of the alleged
The applicant did. If so- quod non -- it is understandable
that Jampidsus Amari said that "their captions do not exist
for use, and cannot be used as evidence in court". Whereas,
it can still be regrettable, how extensive the coverage of the meaning of a witness
to be qualified "sees for itself, hears its own and experiences
itself". Because, in the end the court was also in charge
considering it was ten aanzien van het recht;
32. The four favorable witnesses, namely Megawati Sukarnoputri,
Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian Gie, and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, were present in
the early cabinet hearings of May 2000 at the State Palace, Merdeka Road
18
North Number 1, Jakarta. Kwik Kian Gie signed Letter of Intent
with the IMF on 17 May 2000 at the Menko Ecuin Office, Field Road
East Fort Number 1, Jakarta. While a corruption criminal that
allegedly conducted the applicant begins with meetings until the marker-
hands and up to the inauguration of Sisminbakum in October 2000
and January 2001, all of them occur in the Department of Justice. Justice and human rights
Rasuna Said Road, Jakarta. So there is a difference locus delicti and
tempus delicti between the two events. Even though the witnesses who
benefited it did not "see for themselves, hear themselves and
experience themselves" the alleged crimes that the applicant did, but
their description of everything related to policy
The Government and the PNBP designation are critical and relevant to
be heard. It is possible that the judge can be viewed by the judge as knowing something by "looking at it, hearing
alone and experiencing it himself" staatsrechtelijk and
administratiefrechtelijk?;
33. That, however, was denied the request by Investigator
to listen to these favorable witnesses, and
likely to be denied their description as valid proof tool
as set. in Article 184 of the paragraph (1) of the letter 8/1981 has
harms the constitutional rights of the applicant to be treated fairly
in the presence of the law. Therefore, please keep the supplicator
testing against the rules set out in Section 1 of 26 and
27 juncto Section 65 juncto Section 65 juncto Section 116 paragraph (3) and (4) jo
Section 184 of the paragraph (1) the letter of the Act 8/1981 is referred to. This is seen as necessary
to avoid the multi-interpretation nature that may result in
legal uncertainty (rechtsonzekerheid) of the rules conceived by
the provisions of the section are referred to;
34. That the constitutional loss was raised above, actually
not only has happened to the applicant, but it may have been adverse
so many people who have been forced to have to languish inside
prison. Because of their request to the Investigator so that witnesses who
benefit from being called and examined have been rejected by definition
witnesses as described in Article 1 of 26 and the number 27 Act
19
8/1981. A suspect or a defendant pleads to be called
and examined some as a favorable witness, because
a suspect or defendant denies a cage or an accusation with
suggesting an alibi, failing Proving his alibi because the witnesses who were
benefiting are not the ones who "view themselves, hear themselves
and experience themselves" the crimes committed by the suspect or
the defendant.
35. That, for example, someone named Ahmad, was suddenly arrested by police
on a charge of robbing and killing the owner of a gold shop on the Market
New Friday afternoon 22 October 2010 around maghrib. There were ten witnesses
who claimed to have seen Ahmad commit robbery and murder
it was. Ahmad's gun was left in the store. Ahmad's fingerprints were also
found there. If it had been this way, Ahmad would have been out of the way
facing the police. But Ahmad denies committing a robbery and
murder. On Friday afternoon 22 October 2010 he became the priest of prayer
maghrib in Mesjid Pondok Indah and thereafter gave kultum to
jama'ah. Ahmad asked the police for the mosque's caretaker and some
the worshipers who heard the pitch were examined as witnesses that
benefited from supporting his alibi. But investigators
declined with irrelevant reasons, because the witnesses who
benefited it did not "see for themselves, hear themselves and
experience themselves" the robbery and murder that Ahmad did in
The New Market, Because at the time of the robbery and the murders happened,
they were in Pondok Indah. If the definition of a witness like this, almost
can be confirmed that Ahmad will be punished, perhaps even with punishment
dead. Ahmad would be a victim of the arbitrariness of the apparatus
law enforcement and being treated unfairly and unjust. As
is said to be O.C. Kaligis in his doctoral dissertation at the University of Padranks,
in fact, to file a favorable witness not
alone is often rejected by the Investigators, but often anyway. Scared by
Investigators, so witnesses like that fail to be called and checked.
(O.C. Kaligis, Legal Protection of the Rights of the Suspect and
Criminal, Bandung: PT Alumni, 2006, pp. 249-250);
20
36. That the definitions of the witness and the description were formulated in Article 1 of the figures
26 and the number 27 has led to arbitrariness and
encourages the law enforcement apparatus to apply the law with
in violation of constitutional rights. the suspects or the accused, which resulted in
innocent people, let alone those poor and stupid,
forced to go to prison, prison criminal for life,
and even forced to serve death sentences. Circumstances such as this
are terrible to occur in the State of the Republic of Indonesia.
In the experience of the applicant as Minister of Justice and human rights that
often exit conduct inspections to various institutions
The applicant in the entire homeland, the applicant has found dozens
inmates of murder and robbery stories that
they are not actually murderers and robbers, but they are not
may present favorable witnesses as set in
Article 65 and Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and verse (4) Act No. 8 Year 1981
on KUHAP. They are ignorant, innocent and poor, so unable to afford
to bring a persistent legal advisor to defend them.
They are treated arbitrtly by the law enforcement apparatus
his own people, not the law enforcement of the Nation Netherlands in the
occupation first;
37. That refers to the Constitutional Court of Justice since the termination
No. 006 /PUU-III/2005 dated 31 May 2005 and Putermination Number 11 /PUU-
V/2007 dated September 20, 2007 and subsequent rulings,
it turns out that the loss of rights and/or constitutional authority
as in section 51 paragraph (1) the MK Act must meet 5 (five)
terms, that is:
a. the rights and/or constitutional authority of the applicant
provided by UUD 1945;
b. the right and/or constitutional authority by the applicant
is considered aggrieved by the expiring Act
testing;
c. The constitutional loss must be specific (special) and
actual or at least a potential that is according to the reasoning that
reasonable to be assured will occur;
21
d.
referred to and the enactment of legislation that is being moveed testing;
e. It is possible that with the application of the request, then
constitutional losses such as the postulate will not or not again
occur;
The fifth of the absolute terms as formulated in the ruling above, which
must be met in testing the legislation against the Act
Base, the applicant is believed to have been met with the complete,
as described below:
The first condition is the Applicant Qualification as a citizens of the Republic
Indonesia, to act as petitioners as affirmed
in Article 51 of paragraph (1) of the MK Act. As a citizen, the applicant
has constitutional rights set up in the Constitution of 1945;
The second term by the enactment of a law of rights and/or
the constitutional authority of the aggrieved applicant. By enactment
Article 1 of 26 and number 27 is connected to the provisions of Article 65
Section Section 116 paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) Act No. 8 of 1981 on
KUHAP, the constitutional loss of the applicant is real and bright-
benderang. Whereas the provisions of article 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a,
according to reasonable reasoning something very likely to be immediately
occurs;
The Third Terms, such constitutional losses are specific. Investigator
has examined the applicant as a suspect in an unfair
and arbitrary, nyata-real violation of cosntittional rights
The applicant. Refusal of favorable witness calls in
The applicant's examination process is a specific matter of harm
The applicant;
Fourth Agreement, the loss is incurred as a result of the legislation
which is impaced. It is clear that due to the enactment of the provisions of Article 1
number 26 and figures of 27 Law No. 8 of 1981 on KUHAP, Investigators
and the Supreme Court officials have performed an unfair
and arbitrator. that poses a constitutional loss
The applicant;
22
Fifth terms, such constitutional losses will no longer occur if
this request is granted. With the request of this appeal,
arbitrary acts performed by the Investigators and the superiors
The Attorney General who does not want to call the witnesses who
benefiting the applicant will not happen again. With granted
this request, then Investigators, Jampidsus and Plt Attorney General obliged
calling and checking Megawati Sukarnoputri, Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian
Gie and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono as favorable witnesses
The applicant requested under Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) Act No. 8 of 1981 on the KUHAP. Despite the case
The applicant has later been transferred to the South Jakarta District Court
before the Constitutional Court cut the plea,
then the Attorney General is required to retract the case file and
inserts favorable witness to the letter
indictment, in order for the constitutional rights of the applicant not to be violated again by
Investigators and the top officials of the Attorney General of the Republic of Indonesia;
38. That the above description proves that the applicant (the citizen
of the Indonesian state) has a legal standing (legal standing) for
acting as the applicant in the act of testing of the legislation
this. Accordingly, the applicant pleads to the Assembly of Justice of the Court
The Constitution, if in its verdict it later states that the applicant
has a legal standing (legal standing) in pleading for testing
the legislation in this case;
III. Normative Reasons For (normative) Applicants Apply For Testing Article 1 Number 26 and Number 27 Juncto Article 65 Juncto Section 116 Verse (3) and Verse (4) Juncto Article 184 Verse (1) letter a Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 8 Year 1981 on Criminal Event Law (KUHAP) against Article 1 of paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. 1. That the State of the Republic of Indonesia as defined by
provisions of Article 1 of paragraph (3) of the Constitution of 1945 is the "state of the law". The
The founding fathers of 1945 called "the founding fathers"
the nation explained that the State of the Republic of Indonesia was based upon
the law (rechtsstaat), unfounded on its sole authority. (Machtsstaat).
23
The softness of the word "rechtsstaat" and "machtsstaat" here indicate
that the founders of the State of Indonesia refer to the concept of a legal state or
"rechtsstaat" in Germany. Julius Sthal mentioned that there were three features
rechtsstaat that: (a) the protection of human rights; (b) division
power; and (c) the government under basic law. AV
Dicey formulated the state of law (rule of law) with three features of
existence (a) of legal supercode; (b) equality before the law; and (c)
"due process of law". In an understanding of the state of law
now, then the features of the legal states formulated by Stahl and
Dicey are combined and are generally accepted by legal scholars
as a hallmark of the modern state of law. 2. That is related to what Dicey formulated above, due process of
law usually referred to as "a fundamental, constitutional guarantee that
all legal proceeding will be fair and that one will be given notice of the
proceedings and an opportunity to be heard the government act take away
one's life, liberty or property. Also a constitutional guarantee that the law
shall not be unreasonable, arbitrary, or capricious". While the word
arbitrary here is defined "a course of action or decicion that notes that not based on the
reason or judgement but on personal will or discreation without regards to
rules standard". The emphasis on due process of law as wrong
one state of the law carries the consequences that the actions
the state organizer should not only be based upon the norm-
the fair matter of matter of matter, but it must also be based on the law
formyl that governs the procedure to enforce provisions
the law of the material that meets the terms of justice. Norm law
The procedure must be fair. The provisions of the procedure
shall not be arbitrator according to the power organizer's taste
Country; 3. That Law No. 8 Year 1981 on KUHAP is the provision-
the law provisions of the event which should reflect the presence of "due process of
law" which is fair, certain and fair, away from things that are arbitrators. By
due to the criminal law that the KUHAP wants to enforce brought due to
legal sanctions related to human rights such as criminal
prison (which causes a person to lose its independence),
24
forfeiture of property rights, and even a death criminal (which resulted in
loss of life of a person that could not be restored again), then the law
the procedure for enforcing the law of the material should not only be
is fair, but also fair and fair. Uncertainty, uncertainty
and the injustice of procedural laws can lead to violations of rights
serious human human rights, because one can be sentenced to lose
independence, confiscation of property rights even loss of life of the following
the prosudurally applied law application does not meet the standard
due process of law, legal and justice certainty; 4. That is more dangerous if this procedural law is done
arbitrators by law enforcement officers. The action, step and decision
the enforcement apparatus is not based on the definite legal
and is fair, but it is done based on the law enforcement sense itself.
While in the state of law, the law is what it is. Commander-in-chief, not the person-
law enforcement person. This is what in the United States is called Dicey
with the term "the rule of law not of man". The rules of law that are not
must be on one side, or instead of absence of legal rule governing
procedures in the enforcement of criminal law, not only can damage the image
The state of the law as affirmed by the constitution, but also
opening up wide opportunities for the use of power
(machtsstaat) and human rights violations. However, Article 28I verses
(5) of the 1945 Constitution governs that "protection, submission, enforcement, and
the fulfillment of human rights is the responsibility of the state, especially
the government". Even the General Description of the KUHAP itself says
that " the means, of human rights and rights and
the obligation of citizens to enforce justice should not be
left by every citizen, every the organizer of the country, any
state institutions and correctional institutions both at the center and
in the areas that need to be realized anyway in and with the event law
this criminal "; 5. That when an individual is assigned as a suspect or a defendant
in a case of a criminal offense, then the individual is at its essence
dealing with the state. If the individual is a citizen of
the country is concerned, then at the nature of it he is dealing with
25
his own country. The state through its apparatus is indeed
authorized to enforce the law to anyone who is found guilty.
But on the other hand, the state apparatus is also obliged to provide
protection to its own citizens. There is no other option when
the country is dealing with this dilemma, unless the state holds firm
the principle of justice. As such, Friedman said, the state of law should be
distinguished in two categories: the legal state in the formyl sense, that is,
"organized public power", and the legal state in the material sense of "the
rule of just law". More if the rule of law is vague or
is less assertive that it opens up multi-interpretation opportunities, then the interpretation that
depanes the justice that must be used; 6. That Act 8/1981 is the product of the country RI to replace Het
Herziene Inlandsche Reglement (HIR) (Stb. 1941 No 44) heritage
colonial Dutch East Indies, although it was updated with Law No. 1
Drt of 1951. While it was born long before
amademen the constitution was so dehumaning human rights,
but the spirit of the decomposers has been so advanced
by adopting various provisions of the Declaration Universal Fundamental Rights
Humans and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
Article 14 paragraph (3e) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
(1966) reads as follows, " In the determination of any criminal charges
against him, everyone shall be entitled to the following minimum of guarantees,
in full equality: To create a record, or have examined, the witnesses against him
and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf
under the same conditions as witnesses against him"; (In determining
a criminal offence is charged, each person is entitled to a minimum guarantee
following, in a full equation: to check, or request
in its enlist The witnesses who gave him and asked for it were given
witnesses who were in touch, on the same condition as the witness-
witness who gave it to him); 7. That the above covenants have been ratified by the government with the Invite-
Invite Number 11 Year 2005. The applicant argues, due process of law
called in the covenants it contains the principle of fairness and
balance. In the examination of a suspect, Investigator
26
with a sense of presenting the incriminating witnesses. Similarly
also the suspect has the right to ask for the witnesses who
in his favor, with the same terms as the witnesses
that is damning. The provisions of Article 14 of the Covenant (3) of the Covenant are true
have animates the formulation of Article 65 and Section 116 of the verse (3) KUHAP. Even
KUHAP stepped one stage more forward, by requiring the Investigator
calling and examining those beneficial witnesses (verse 4).
The principle embraced by this kovenan is in line with the rules contained in
in Section 28D paragraph (1) that contains warranty, protection, and
fair legal certainty;
8. That according to the applicant, the warranty, protection, and certainty
laws whose constitutional rules are set in Section 28D paragraph (1),
will be realized if Article 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) of the KUHAP is not
opening the odds Multitapsir. As the applicant has said, the rule
the criminal law includes its procedurally legal rule, as it carries
its direct implication to the rights, must be firm and certain. In
the certainty is the presence of assurances and protection. If the rule is
multi commentaries, and uncertain, how would that statute be able
provide reassurance and protection? Thus, the rule in
the second Article 8/1981, which is who witnesses to be requested by the suspect
and/or the accused, should, for the sake of legal certainty, cannot
be misled by the Investigator. Let the judge assess whether the caption
favorable witnesses who are requested by the suspect and/or the accused
it is relevant or not with the criminal case to be charged. Because
severing the case, not the Investigator's authority, but the authority
judge;
9. That next, the rule contained in Article 28D of verse (1)
confirms the existence of fair legal certainty. Whether with the interpretation
giving the Investigator the authority to reject
the exposition and examination of favorable witnesses, will
guarantee and provide fair legal protection and certainty?
As has been put forth above, justice will be realized if the Investigator
acting on behalf of the state has the same right to call
and check the witnesses. Investigator in the line of duty,
27
is obligated to prove its alleged or dakwaal. Although
the system of evidence in our criminal event law does not know the system
inverted proofs, but in order of justice, suspect and/or
the accused also reserves the right to prove his innocence,
among others by listening to witnesses that
benefits, including witness a de charge. If the interpretation says
that the Investigator is authorized to assess and reject the witnesses
favorable to the suspect and/or defendant, while
the suspect/defendant is not entitled to judge and reject the facts.
incriminating, then the investigation process will run with no
balanced, the weight of the next, thus negating the fair principle that the rule
is set up in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution;
10. The abolition of the fair principle in Article 28D of paragraph (1) of the real 1945 Constitution
will be seen in the formulation of the results of the results of the inquiry made
Investigators in the News Examination News. If the BAP only contains
a witness description or a damning witness, without any
containing the favorable witness description, including the witness a de
charge, then it is almost certain that it is possible to confirm that it is not possible. Investigation conclusions
automatically incriminating suspects. The conclusion of the outcome
The investigation is indeed what is said in the indictment
not final because it should be proven in the trial, in step
The first trial, his indictment has eliminated the principle fair
as the rule is set in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. The principle
fair should be realized in all stages, ranging from an inquiry
to the court ruling;
11. That in addition to the multi commentaries on the provisions of Section 65 juncto Section 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) of the Act 8/1981 regarding favorable witnesses
as described in 9 points above, other issues as well
generating multi commentaries is at which stage of the witnesses that
benefits it must be examined. Young Attorney General Of Criminal
Special M. Amari and Director of Inquiry on Jampidsus Jasman
Panjaitan interprets that favorable witness is not
checked on the inquiry stage, but is presented to be heard
His interest in the trial. This opinion is corroborated by legal experts
28
criminal Prof. Dr. Andi Hamzah who resolute says no
examination of favorable witness in the investigation stage. Even
said Hamzah " was illogical if the suspect asked for a witness who
lighten up to the prosecutor. It was n' t a prosecutor ' s job, prosecutors were just looking for
incriminating witnesses ". A similar opinion is expressed by
Dr. Indra Shanun Lubis who says " Although the mandatory investigator
calls witness a de charge according to section 116 of the KUHAP, but ... Investigator
may not fulfill it ". (Evidence P23);
12. That otherwise, Prof. Dr. Romly Atmasasmita, Dr. Maqdir Ismail, Dr.
Teguh Ocean, Mohammad Assegaf and the law teacher of the criminal event
Faculty of Law UI, Chudri Sitompul interpreted that the witnesses who
benefited it could be examined at all stages of the enforcement process
criminal law, ranging from inquiry to trial in court
country, appeal, and cassation (Evidence P24). This diverse interpretation,
at the presence of the Investigator's authority to reject
call and examine the requested witness who was asked
the suspect, has negated the principle of legal certainty that is the rule.
The constitution is set in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the Constitution of 1945; 13. That there is a diverse interpretation of the rules that are set
in Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) Act 8/1981, finally
causes the suspect and/or the defendant to be treated not the same at
in front of the law. While the rules of "equal treatment before the law"
are expressly set in the final phrase of the provisions of Article 28D paragraph (1) UUD
1945. There is a suspect and/or a defendant whose request for
is heard and called a favorable witness, including the witness a
de charge at the trial stage of the inquiry, but some are rejected
by The investigator is all based on his own investigative judgment.
As Dr. O.C Kaligis said, as it has been quoted at the beginning
this plea is, in fact, a result of that diverse interpretation,
often requests. The suspect was difficult and even feared by
Investigator; 14. That the rule of "law state" and "guarantee of fair legal certainty"
as set forth in Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the Constitution
The real 1945 constitution is violated by the norm of law in Article 65
29
juncto sections 116 paragraph (3) and verse (4) if connected by definition
witnesses in Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27 Acts 8/1981. Witnesses in
Act 8/1981, according to Chudri Sitompul, can be categorized into three
types, i.e. (1) witness facts or witnesses of events; (b) witnesses who
favorable; and (c) witness a de charge. Witness favorable is set
in Article 65 juncto Section 116 paragraph (3) Act 8/1981. Witness a de
charge is only mentioned in an explanation of Article 116 of the paragraph (3)
"Including the favorable witness category is witness a de
charge". While what is the witness? The answer
is in Article 1 of the number 26 that the rule says "the witness is
a person who can explain the occurrence of a criminal event that he
sees on his own, he hears himself and is natural himself"; 15. That according to the applicant, the definition of the witness whose rule was formulated
in Article 1 of 26 Acts 8/1981 as stated above, is only
relevant to the witness of the facts or witnesses of the event or the witness that
incriminates. If the a contrario interpretation method is used, then
witnesses who "do not see themselves, do not hear themselves, and not
experience a criminal event" are not witnesses or cannot
be used as a Witness. While Article 65 juncto Article 116 paragraph (3) Act
8/1981 its rule set about the existence of witnesses who
benefits and witnesses a de charge. Whereas these last
witnesses, they do not always see themselves, listen to themselves, and
experience a criminal event alone. Whether with
so, the favorable witness and the witness a de charge it should be
considered non-existing? If it is considered to be no, why is the rule in
Article 65 juncto Section 116 Act 8/1981 governs its existence?; 16. That according to the applicant, the witness description is favorable and
a witness a de charge it is very important for the suspect and/or the defendant,
although they do not see for themselves, hear themselves, and experience
alone. A criminal event that happened. But their testimonies have
related to criminal events that are charged and useful for
fair investigation interests and in defense of a
suspect and/or defendant, in accordance with due process of law which
being one of the legal states ' traits as the rule is set in
30
Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution. It is clear that the rule of defenitions
witnesses in Article 1 of 1 26 have obscured the existence of witnesses who
favorable and witness a de charge that his legislation
is set up in Article 65 juncto Article 116 of the paragraph (3) Act 8/1981. Invite-
invite that obscured the existence of a favorable witness and
witness a de charge this real-real is in conflict with the constitutional rules,
in particular due process of law (the correct vetting process) and fair)
which is one of the legal states ' traits as set in Article
1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution; 17. That the existence of a favorable witness and a witness a de charge which
the statute of legislation is set in Article 65 juncto of Article 116 of the paragraph
(3) Act 8/1981 has actually been in line with the rule containing assurances,
protection, and fair legal certainty as a rule
the constitution is set in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. But the rule
legislation governing the definition of a witness in Article 1
number 26 is linked to Article 65 juncto Article 116 of the paragraph (3) Act
8/1981 has incur a disagreement with the constitution's constitution.
set up a guarantee, protection, and fair legal certainty.
The guarantee and protection becomes unclear with the witness definition that
does not cover any favorable witnesses and witnesses a de charge as
That. Similarly, legal certainty becomes lost, and justice becomes
ignored by the enactment of the laws governing the definition
of witnesses in Article 1 of 26 Acts 8/1981. The Act
this is real in conflict with the constitution's rule as set
in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution; 18. That the rule of law, as formulated in Article 1
number 27 that defines "witness statements" as a description of
people who see themselves, hear themselves, and experience themselves
criminal events and he gives a reason about
his description, is idem dito by the definition of the witness in Article 1
number 26, if the rule in this section is connected to Article 184 of the paragraph
(1) letter a Act 8/1981. The rules of the Act are set up in this
placing "witness statements" in the first order of the evidence tool in
the trial. Placement in this first order indicates that
31
"witness statements" are very primary as evidence tools, far more primary
than other evidence tools. However, "witness statements"
whose laws are governed by Article 184 of the paragraph (1) of the letter a
This law, once again only in accordance with the witness statement of the fact
or the witness of an event or a damning witness. 19. That the definition of "witness description" as above may not always be
applied to the favorable witness description and the witness a de
charge. Thus the rules governing the
defenisi may result in witness statements that
benefits and witnesses a de charge in vain to serve as a tool
proof. as set out in Section 184 of the (1) letter a, if they are
not seeing alone, hearing itself, and experiencing self-occurrence
the criminal acts that are alleged to be. The description of the alibi witnesses in
a criminal case is crucial to the position. Because with
alibi evidence, then the investigation of the suspect can be stopped. Similarly
also in the trial, alibi evidence may release a defendant from
any legal prosecution. If an alibi witness cannot be made
as a valid evidence tool in the trial, there will be many
defendants who are being punished for mistaking. The waiver of an alibi witness description
as a valid tool of evidence is contrary to due process of law
which is the hallmark of the state of the law. Thus, it is clear that the rule of law-
invite as provided in Article 1 of the number 27 is linked to
Article 6 of the Act 8/1981 is contrary to the constitutional rules governing
the state of the law, as described in Article 1 of the paragraph: (3) UUD 1945; 20. That in our legal history, the case of Sengkon and Karta (1976) that
then prompted the birth of the institution "herzeining" or review
back (PK) in our penal event law, preceded by a non-
review of the Investigator call and examine the alibi witnesses, so
both must be punished, whereas they are actually innocent.
While the existence of a favorable witness (in the case of Sengkon
and Karta is an alibi witness) and the witness a de charge recognized by the rules
legislation set in Section 65 juncto Article 116 paragraph (3)
This Act, as part of due process of law which becomes
one of the hallmarks of the state of the law as set out in Article 1 of paragraph (3)
32
UUD 1945. It is clear that the rule of the Act as set
in Article 1 of the number 27 is connected with Article 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a
contrary to the constitution's rule as set in Article 1
paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution; 21. That the description of the witness description is set in Section 1
number 27 that only matches the description of the witness of the facts or witnesses
The incriminating event or witness is connected to the rules
set in Section 184 verse (1) the letter a, actually omit
the principle of warranty, protection and fair legal certainty
as set in Section 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. If the definition
such a witness resulted in no witness description which
benefits and witnesses a de charge serves as a proof tool, because
they do not see for themselves, hear themselves, and experience own
occurrence of a criminal event, then the rule of the Act
contrary to the constitutional rules governing the existence of guarantees,
protection, and fair legal certainty as set in
Article 28D paragraph (1) UUD 1945. Legal certainty goes missing, if
on one side the existence of a favorable witness and a witness a de
charge is recognized, while on the other hand, they cannot be
as a witness description as a valid proof tool
as the rule is set in Article 184 of paragraph (1) of the letter 8/1981.
Kaidah Act like this is clearly contrary to rule
the constitution governing the necessity of a legal certainty
as set in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution; 22. That if the certainty of law does not exist, then by itself
there will be no guarantees and protection for the legal certainty of it. If
only witness statements or witnesses of events or witnesses that
incriminate only that may be made as a tool of evidence, while
a favorable witness description and a witness a de charge is not necessarily
can be used as a proof tool, then the principle of guarantee and protection, and
a fair legal certainty as a constitutional rule governed by Article
28D paragraph (1) is clearly violated by the rules of the Act
set up by Article 1 of the number 27 is connected with Article 184 of the paragraph (1) letter
a Act 8/1981;
33
23. That based on the above descriptions may be that the norm
The Act as set in Article 1 of 26 and number 27
is associated with the provisions of Article 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and the paragraph
(4) juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) the letter of an Act 8/1981 is contradictory
with the constitutional rules stating that the Republic State
Indonesia is a legal state, as set out in Article 1 of the paragraph
(3) The Constitution of 1945. The laws of the law also contradictory to
the constitutional rules governing the recognition, guarantees, protection,
and fair legal certainty as well as the same treatment before
the law, as set out in the law. in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution;
24. That facing the reality above, in accordance with the contents of this plea,
then it should be the Constitutional Court known as " the guardian
and the final interpreter of constitution" to state that rules-
laws set out in Article 1 of 26 and figure 27
are connected with Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto
Section 184 of the paragraph (1) of the letter 8/1981 is contrary to the rule
the constitution relating to the principles of the state of law and the asas of recognition,
the guarantee, protection, and determination of a fair law and the equation in
the presence of the law, as set out in Section 1 of the paragraph (3) and Section 28D
paragraph (1) UUD 1945. However, according to the applicant, if the rule-
the statute of law is annulled, there will be a legal vacuum,
in particular in relation to the witness of the facts, witness events or witnesses
incriminating, which is also very important it is in
law enforcement; 25. That according to the applicant, a vacuum of law that
formulated the defencontents that contained favorable witness qualifications
and witness a de charge had actually occurred from the beginning of the drafting of the Act
8/1981. As a former Minister of Justice and human rights in the past
many were involved in formulating the rule of law, the applicant
realized that there was no Act of perfect. Although
KUHAP was declared a "masterpiece of the Indonesian nation" but as it was
by passage of time, there were cracks in the weakness of the formulation
rule, which in later times was utilized by the enfortification apparatus
The law is still imbued by the spirit "control crime model" a la HIR.
34
The tendency of power arrogance while the enforcement apparatus
our laws, capitalize on the weakness of the rule of the law-
invite this to treat the suspect and/or defendant
arbitrary. What power, they are weak, stupid, and poor, so
they are the victims of the arbitrariness of the apparatus that nota bene
is his own nation. Circumstances like this should certainly not be allowed
so alone; 26. That the authority to fill the vaccine, according to the mechanism
of our constitution, is actually the authority of the invite-
invite, in this case is the House of Representatives and the President
(Article 5 juncto Article 20 UUD 1945). But considering the process would be
very depending on whether or not the invite-
invite would be able to fill it, which would certainly take a relatively long
term, then by referencing the Court of Justice. 49 /PUU-
VIII/2010 and previous rulings, then the Court can
fill the vaccine by giving an interpretation to
interpreting a statute of law as the positive law
applicable, in order to occur. Contittionalities with the Constitution of the Constitution. In the event
this, the Constitutional Court is authorized to mean the rule of invite-
invite as described in Article 1 of the 26 and figure 27
is connected with Article 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto
Article 184 paragraph (1) of the letter 8/1981 to be constitutional against
Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the Constitution of 1945; 27. That the applicant is referring to, if the definition of
the witness and the witness description as set out in Article 1 of 26
and the number 27 is linked to the provisions of Articles 65 and 116 verses (3)
and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of paragraph (1) letter a, let so, then
laws governed in those sections
the conditional remain unconstitutional (conditionally unconstitutional), i.e.
contradictory with the constitutional rules as set in
Article 1 of paragraph (3) and Section 28D paragraph (1) UUD 1945. In an
state of the law, the organizers of the state, let alone who have
the authority relevant to the process of making the Act,
35
may not allow any of the applicable positive law rules, which
is the unconconstitutional conditionally like that; 28. That in order to make the rule of law that contains the definition
the qualifying witness and the witness description as intended in
Article 1 of 26 and the figure 27 Act 8/1981 to conditionally
constitutional, Then it should be defined that the witnesses
favorable and witness a de charge does not always have to be defined
as " a person who can provide information in the interests
the investigation, prosecution, and the judiciary. about a criminal case that
he heard it himself, he saw it himself, he natural alone " but the person who can
provide a description related to a criminal case
although he did not hear it himself, he did not see for himself, and he was not natural
himself, as long as the person's description was According to the suspect's assessment
and/or the defendant, in connection with the alleged criminal offense
and/or dismayed to him will be favorable and/or
relieve him. Similarly, the description
witnesses do not always have to be interpreted as " evidence in a case
a criminal that is a statement from a witness regarding a criminal event
that he heard himself, he saw. And he was alone with
mentioning the reason for his knowledge, " but the evidence in
a criminal case that was a matter of a witness.
A criminal event that he didn't always hear himself, he sees himself, and he
his own nature, by mentioning the reasons of his knowledge it.
Interprets by means of such refinement, according to the applicant
will make the rules-the rules of the Act as stated
in Article 1 of the 26 it is constitutionally constitutional
(conditionally constitution) against the constitutional rules as set
in Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution; 29. That with an interpretation like the number 28 above, then Megawati
Sukarnoputri, Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian Gie, and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono,
even though they did not see for themselves, heard themselves, and experienced
alone the followup. The criminal discharges to the applicant, all four
meets the qualification as a favorable witness for
The applicant. Their captions as witness statements are
36
benefiting the applicant must be defined as "witness description"
as a proof tool as set in Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a
Act 8/1981;
30. That the applicant is aware, in accordance with the authority granted
by Law Number 24 of 2003 on the Constitutional Court, the case
the testing of legislation is an abstract matter and not
tied it with a It's a concrete event. While the ruling
The Constitutional Court is also detractive and not imperative
in the form of an amar ruling to order the party-
a certain party for doing or not doing something that is
mentioned in the dictum of the ruling. According to the applicant, this is where
is deficient in the Constitutional Court Act, because its verdict is
abstract, while the application may only be carried out by legal subject
which has a legal position (legal) standing) with the terms
tight, as switched to the court jurisprudence in Putermination
Number 006 /PUU-III/2005 and the Number 11 /PUU-V/2007 and the ruling-
subsequent ruling. The five terms of the constitutional loss that are made
as legal standing (legal standing) it is not something
abstract, but rather something that is truly concrete, real, factual and
specifically indeed occurred on the applicant;
31. That a request that sets out from something really
is concrete, would it be reasonable if then given the reward that
is purely abstract? The applicant wants to leave a rule
the religious in the Surah Al-Zalzalah Quran verse 7
and 8 that say "famay ya'mal mitsqalazarratin khairan yarah, wa
may ya'mal mitsqalalazarratin conditions yarah", which means" Whoever
does as small as a virtue, then it will be reciproed with
the good virtue, and anyone who does anything small
evil, then it will be reciprocity of the evil. with the ugliness
it was worth it. The rule of the Qur'an is believed by
over a billion Muslims in the world as a " moral rule
that is universal. It teaches that it is good or bad, and it must be a reward. While
a plea that originated with a confederated constitutional loss,
37
real, factual and specific, becomes undeserved when given the abstract
that is abstract. The position of the universal moral rule --
as the Islamic philosopher Al-Ghazali said in the Book of Ihya Ulumuddin
and the Catholic philosopher Saint Thomas Aquinas in Summa Theologia -- more
high It's a rule over the rule of law. Aquinas even said,
A rule of law contrary to the moral rules, it is not appropriate
to be considered as the rule of law.
32. That according to the applicant, the verdict of the Constitutional Court in
testing of the Act of Act is not purely abstract
that applies to all persons and all institutions, but special to
The applicant has been difficult The end of the request, can
be considered for granting a concrete plea,
which begins with the constitutional loss he has suffered as
that serves as a legal position (legal) standing) in
pleas. Is not in the Court of Justice Number 006 /PUU-
III/2005 dated 31 May 2005 and Putermination Number 11 /PUU-V/2007 dated
20 September 2007, the Court has formulated that the loss of rights
and/or constitutional authority of the applicant as set out in
Article 51 of the paragraph (1) the MK bill is among other "the possibility that
with the granted of the application, then a constitutional loss such as
it will not or no longer be possible". How could it be a loss
the applicant ' s constitutional "will not or no longer will happen" after
the plea is granted, if the Court ruling turns out to be
prospective and not retro-active? There is a kind of contradiction between
this formula with what the applicant obtained after his appeal
granted the Court;
33. That the applicant is aware that the nature of the Court's ruling
prospectively is based on the provisions of Article 47 of the MK Act saying
" The termination of the Constitutional Court obtained the power of law fixed since
is finished spoken in the plenary session is open to the public "and provisions
Article 58 which says" The Act is being tested by
The Constitutional Court remains in effect, before the existence of a ruling
states that the legislation is contrary with an invitation-
Invite Basic 1945 ". On the applicant ' s saving, the norm is set in
38
These two articles do not close the possibility that the ruling on
testing legislation cannot be enforced retroactively specifically
for the real applicant suffering a constitutional loss attributable to
the enactment of an Act rule. The current law
tested is indeed the semestinyalah remained in effect before the ruling
the court which declared the law was contrary to
Constitution of 1945.
34. That in the case of the applicant, immediately the Court ruled that
the law was against the Constitution of 1945, whether or not it then
that the law was not opposed to the 1945 Constitution
when the Court read the verdict. in an open plenary session
for the public, as set out in Article 47 of the MK Act? The essence
is actually not that, because materially of the Act
has indeed been in conflict with the 1945 Constitution ever since the Act
passed. As such, it remains open the opportunity for the Court to
declare in its verdict that it is special for the applicant, Invite-
The invite was declared not valid since the applicant suffered
a constitutional loss that is real, factual and concrete and
hence apply for an Act testing application. The verdict
The court was in effect since it was pronounced as per the provisions of Article 47 of the MK Act;
35. That in the applicant, the nature of the Court's ruling in the case
tests the solely abstract Act, though
is fair, but potentially elicits the uncertainty of the law. Logically
if the rules of the Act were tested with basic law rules,
then the verdict would have to be abstract. However, given
The applicant proposes a request that begins at a loss
a constitutional, real, factual and specific constitutional loss, then
The applicant pleads to the court to consider, that
the verdict The court in the case of test testing is indeed
could be abstract, but the constitutional and judicial implications of
the ruling must contain a legal certainty that is
of concrete. The applicant is confident that the court will give the verdict
a fair one, but the applicant wants to quote what Prof Dr Romly said
Atmasasmita as written in his " BlackBerry Massages* jargon
39
that justice is abstract, but the certainty of the law is something that
concrete. The applicant in the case of testing the Act is not
solely to expect an abstract justice with the ruling
the court, but also a concrete legal certainty
against constitutional losses. that it has been foreclosure; 36. That Amrozy died in the case of a Bali Bomb for example -- already
hard to apply for testing Perpu Number 2
Year 2002 juncto Act No. 16 Year 2003 on Enforcing Effect
Perpu No 1 Year 2002 juncto Act Number 15 of 2002 on
The Eradication of Criminal Terrorism Specialized for the Event
Pemboman in Bali, whose laws are judged to be at odds
with constitutional rules as stated in Section 28I verse (1) UUD
1945. The plea was granted by the Court, but did not bring
any benefits for Amrozy, because of the abstract nature of the ruling
and it applies prospectively. Amrozy only gets the reward as
the charity of jariah, because its granted appeal carries benefits
for the many, who are in Islamic faith based on the hadith
Messenger of the Prophet, the hero will continue. flow all the way to the afterlife,
when the concerned are dead. While it was possible for Amrozy and
his legal advisory team, they submitted a material test to the Court
Constitution, not merely expecting the reward charity jariyah for
in the afterlife, but rather the ruling was expected to be bringing implications
constitutional and yuridis for the applicant above this ephemeral world.
The applicant pleads if the Court can end man ' s hopes
like Amrozy who appears to have been a wasted wait for
His life for the court ruling brought something concrete on
himself. However, what was not until Amrozy's final
was executed in front of the firing squad. The fate of Amrozy as a person awaits
The uncoming Godot, as Samuel Beckett told me
in his novel "Waiting for Godot"; 37. That there is another possibility, which is the ruling of the Court
The constitution containing the abstract justice would be
purposefully interpreted by the diverse parties of interest,
so that it ended. Obliteration of a concrete law.
40
of that ruling. Whereas, in the case of testing the Act, more
specifically in the test of interpretation of the Act against the rules
the constitution, the applicant is instead hoping that the Court can
interpret or define a rule. The vague-
cryptic and multi-interpretation act, as well as the "constitutional conditionally"
or conditionally unconstitutional, is a light-light and
has a concrete legal certainty. The applicant has
experience in testing Act No. 49 /PUU-VIII/2010
which granted a portion of the applicant's pleas, but it turns out
The court's ruling has been interpreted as a result of its own (saenake
dewe, Jawanya) by suggesting "Six Government Attitudes
Against the Constitutional Court's termination" delivered in an
press conference by the Secretary of State Secretary of State Sudi Silalahi and Staff
Special President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Prof Dr Denny Indrayana,
who tried to obscured and even eliminate certainty
the law of the court ruling; 38. That to face this possibility as above, the applicant
implores that the verdict will be later stated
bringing constitutional and judicial implications, namely the Compulsory Investigator
The Attorney General of the Republic of the Republic of the Republic of the Republic of China. Indonesia to call and check
Megawati Sukarnoputri, HM Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian Gie and Susilo Bambang
Yudhoyono as a favorable witness for the applicant as
suspect in case of criminal corruption violating the provisions of Article
2, Section 3, and Section 12 of the letter i Law Number 31 Year 1999 juncto Bill Number
20 Years 2001 on Criminal Corruption, as a loss
constitutional applicant who served as legal position (legal
standing) that the natural applicant is real, factual and specific,
since the constitutional loss it has been, the applicant
as a Suspect by the Attorney General since 24 June 2010.
Statement (declaratoir) in the court ruling, about the implications
constitutional and juridical of that ruling, according to the applicant,
is not a amar verdict (command) to an
institution the host of the country or its people;
41
39. That in order to strengthen the above,
in this case check, the applicant in addition to submitting the evidence,
also will present the experts to strengthen the applicant ' s dalil-dalil;
IV. Petitum That of all the postures described above and the evidence attached, and
experts will be heard in the examination of the case, with this
The applicant please to His Majesty the Assembly of Justice of the Constitution To please
provide a verdict as follows:
In The Point of Case: 1. Accept and grant the applicant request to test the provisions
Article 1 of 26 and number 27 juncto Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) letter a Act Number 8 of the Year
1981 on KUHAP (LN 1981 Number 76 and TLN 1981 Number 3209)
against the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945;
2. Stating that Article 1 of 26 and 27 are linked to the provisions
Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter
a Law No. 8 Year 1981 on the Law of the Event Law
Penal (LN 1981 Number 76 and TLN 1981 Number 3209) is appropriate
with the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945
conditional (conditionally constitutional), i.e. constitutional along
a favorable witness and a witness a de charge is the person
that can provide a description for the purposes of the inquiry,
the prosecution and the judiciary about a criminal case that is not always
and/or should he hears himself, he sees himself and he is in his own nature.
Attraction Favorable witness and witness a de charge is wrong
one evidence in a criminal case which is a matter of a witness
regarding a criminal event that is not always and/or should he hear
alone, he look at his own and he naturally himself by calling the rationale of
his knowledge of it. Request to be called and dialed witness who
favorable and witness a de charge is the mandatory suspect's right
called and checked by the Investigator, without the Investigator's authority
to assess and refuse exercised that obligation.
3. Stating that this ruling carries a constitutional and juridical implications
to the Investigator on the Attorney General of the Republic of Indonesia that checks
42
The applicant, to call and inspect the favorable witnesses
requested by the applicant, namely Megawati Sukarnoputri, HM Jusuf Kalla,
Kwik Kian Gie and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono as long as the applicant
was designated as a suspect on 24 June 2010;
4. Ordering a loading of this ruling in the Republic of Indonesia News
as it should be.
Or if the Constitution of the Constitution of the Constitution argues otherwise, the ruling is
in its fair (ex aequo et bono).
[2.2] weighed that to prove its control, the applicant has
submitted a letter of letter proof/writing that was given the proofs of the P-1 proof up to
The evidence P-23, as follows:
1. Proof of P-1 Photocopy of Population Sign Card (KTP) and Passport
The applicant;
2. Evidence P-2 Photocopied Act No. 8 of 1981 On
Criminal Event Law;
3. Evidence P-3 Photocopy of the State Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia
Year 1945;
4. Evidence P-4 Photocopy of the Book of Criminal Law (KUHP);
5. Proof of P-5 Interactive tempo Photocopier, on Tuesday, June 29, 2010,
at 07:37 WIB;
6. Evidence P-6 Photocopied the Suspect's Call from the Attorney General
Republic of Indonesia Number SPT-2915/F. 2/Fd.1/10/ 2010
date 14 October 2010;
7. Proof P-7 Photocopy of the applicant;
8. Evidence P-8 Photocopied Kliping Newspaper Media Indonesia, on Sunday,
October 17, 2010;
9. Proof P-9 Photocopy Kliping Between News, on Tuesday, August 10
2010, at 5:59 pm;
10. Proof of p-10 Photocopy Letter to the Director of Inquiry
The Special Criminal Attorney General of the Republic of the Republic
Indonesia to present the expert and witness to lighten
in the case of the applicant as a suspect;
11. Evidence P-11 Photocopy Letter Of Intent Government Of The Republic Of Indonesia
43
to the IMF on 21 May 2000;
12. Evidence P-12 Photocopy Magazine TRUST 51 Year VIII, 18-24 October
2010;
13. Evidence P-13 Photocopy Data Center Statistics Year 2008;
14. Evidence P-14 Photocopy Law No. 40 of 2007 on
Limited liability;
15. Evidence P-15 Photocopy Act No. 20 of 1997 on
State Reception Is Not Taxes;
16. Evidence P-16 Photocopy of Government Regulation No. 38 Year 2009
on Types and Tarif over Types of State Reception
Not the Tax applicable to the Department of Law and
Human Rights;
17. Evidence P-17-Photocopy Detiknews.com, on Wednesday, October 20, 2010,
at 5:47 pm;
-Photocopy Tribunnews.com, on Monday, October 4, 2010,
at 7:46 pm;
-Photocopy TEMPO Interactive, on Wednesday, 20 October 2010,
at 21:38 WIB;
18. Evidence P-18-Photocopy Seruu.com, on Friday, October 15, 2010,
at 21.50 WIB;
-Photocopy Metrotvnews.com, on Friday, October 15
2010, 21.09 WIB;
-Photocopy Kompas.com, on Friday, 15 October 2010,
at 6:22 pm;
19. Evidence P-19-Photocopy Seruu.com, on Friday, October 15, 2010,
at 21.59 pm;
-Photocopy VIVAnews.com, on Friday, October 8, 2010,
at 15.05 WIB;
-Photocopy Republika.co.id, on Wednesday, October 6, 2010,
at 8:42 pm;
-Warta Indonesia, on Friday, October 15, 2010,
17.54 WIB;
-Photocopy of DetikNews, on Wednesday, 20 October 2010, at
17.47 WIB;
44
-Photocopy Tribunnews.com, on Monday, October 4, 2010,
at 19.46 WIB;
-Photocopy TEMPO Interactive, on Wednesday, October 20, 2010,
at 21.38 WIB;
-Photocopy Tribunnews.com, 4 October 2010;
20. Evidence P-20-Photocopy Suaramedia.com, on Friday 1 October 2010,
at 14.44 WIB;
-Photocopy VIVAnews.com, on Friday, October 1, 2010,
at 15.32 WIB;
Photocopy of H. M Jusuf Kalla regarding
Sisminbakum;
21. Proof of p-21 Photocopy of Kwik kian Gie about the Project
Sisminbakum;
22. Proof of p-22 Photocopy Clippings of Inoneisa News, on 1 October
2010;
23. Proof P-23 Photocopying Clipping Sound Renewal, On November 1
2010, At 13:23.
In addition, the applicant also submitted 4 (four) experts who had
heard his regularity under oath in the trial of 18 January
2011, at the bottom of the following:
1. Prof. Dr. Edy O.S. Hiariej a. Based on the historical interpretation, the KUHAP was formed to replace the
Herzine Indische Reglement that was colonial and inclined
to apply the principles of crime control model, which is the presence of efficiency,
Use the quantity and use of the guilty asas of guilt. By
since it is a KUHAP that is formed on the nature of the independence no
leaving completely the principles in a crime control model but
already leads to due process of law as a model events
in the universal applicable penal justice system.
b. Based on the doctrinal interpretation, the word "proof" or "evidence" or "bewijs"
is the information that provides the basics in favor of an
the belief that some parts or the whole of the fact are true. There are
four fundamental things related to the concept of proof itself:
45
1) the evidence must be relevant to the ongoing dispute or case that is
processed. That is, the evidence relates to the facts that
points to the truth of an event.
2) the evidence should be acceptable or admissible. Otherwise, the evidence
is irrelevant, it will not be able to Roger. The kendatias, however, can
only a relevant but unacceptable evidence.
3) the presence of exclusionary rules or exclusionary discretion, which is the regulation
that requires that the evidence obtained. illegal not
can be received in court. In the context of the criminal law,
the neutrality of a proof is relevant and can be accepted from the point of view
The public prosecutor, but the evidence may be ruled out by
the judge when the acquisition of such evidence is not. pursuant to
the rules.
4) in the court context, any evidence that is relevant and acceptable
should be able to be evaluated by a judge. It is thus included in
the context of the proof powers or bewijskracht. The judge will assess
any evidence submitted to the court, fitness between evidence
one with the other evidence, then would make evidence-
the evidence as a basis of consideration in taking the verdict.
The universal applicable evidence tool in the criminal justice system is
witness (witness), expert (expert), document, and real evidence or physical
evidence which is in the legal context of the criminal event in the Indonesia is known
with the term evidence. The witness is a witness who
incriminates (de charge) and extenuating witnesses (a de charge),
which is relevant to the case that is being processed.
The evidence in criminal law begins since the stage investigation and/or
enquiry until at the examination stage at the court hearing. By
as it is investigators and the prosecution may request a witness description
incriminating from the inquiry stage and or inquiry into
the trial stage. Similarly, as a counterweight,
the suspect may request a clear witness description from the
stage of inquiry and or inquiry into the trial stage.
The submission of evidence by a suspect or a defendant according to the principle
exculpatory evidence that means the suspect or defendant is entitled
46
shows any evidence including the extenuating witness description
to indicate that he was innocent. This is for preventing
occurrence of unfair prejudice or an unnatural interest in
suspects.
c. Based on the grammatical interpretation, the provisions of Article 1 figure 26 juncto
Article 1 number 27 juncto Article 84 paragraph (1) the letter a KUHAP at its core
defines the witness as the person who can provide the description
in order Investigative interests, prosecution, and the judiciary about an
a criminal case he hears himself, he sees himself and himself.
If translated a contrario description of an event that
Not seen, heard or experienced alone is not a witness description.
When, An alibi witness is needed as a extenuation.
to the suspect or the defendant already of course he does not see,
to hear, or experience his own about a criminal matter that
dismay or impediatable. It can be said that the definition of the witness
contained in Article 1 of 26 juncto of Article 1 of 27 juncto Article 84
paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP more on incriminating witnesses (de charge).
A grammatical interpretation of Article 65, Section 116 of paragraph (3), and
Section 116 of the paragraph (4) of the KUHAP indicates that the provisions
such are clearly addressed to the extenuating witness (a de charge).
Thus section 1 number 26 juncto Article 1 of 27 juncto Section 84
paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP contradictory to Section 65 juncto Section 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) of the KUHAP resulting in uncertainties law
and non-warranty as well as equal treatment of any person
when faced with a lawsuit.
If connected to four fundamental things in the law of proof,
the significance of the witness is not located on whether he sees, hearing or
experiencing his own a criminal event, But whether his testimony
is relevant or not with a criminal case that is being processed.
Whether the witness description admissible or not admissible
is the judge's authority to determine in order
an assessment of the proof power of the evidence submitted by
the public prosecutor or the defendant.
47
d. Based on the comparative interpretation of Article 342 of paragraph (1) Wetboek
van Strafvordering in the Netherlands Country that defines the witness: "Onder
verklaring van een getuige wordt verstaan zijne bij het onderzoek op de
terechtzitting gedane mededeeling van feiten of omstandigheden, welke hij
zelf waargenomen of ondervonden heeft" (witness statement is what
stated in the inquiry and in front of the court hearing That is, of course, of the events or circumstances of which they are experienced or known. Definition that
is thus universal and can be interpreted as either a witness
extenuating or incriminating witnesses.
e. Associated with a futuristic interpretation, Indonesia has ratified United
Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) with the Act
Number 7 of 2006 which upholds the principles of due process of
law.
Terms of Article 1 number 26 and number 27 juncto Section 84 paragraph (1) letter a
KUHAP if interpreted grammatically and systematically will
eliminate the rights of the accused/defendant to submit a witness
easing because the investigator and or the public prosecutor will remain adamant
on the definition of the witness contained in the section a quo of the provisions
Article 65 juncto Section 116 paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) provide the opportunity for that.
Thus the definition of the witness in Article 1 number 26 and the number 27 juncto
Article 84 paragraph (1) of the letter a KUHAP must be interpreted as a person who can
provide information for the purposes of the inquiry, prosecution and
the trial of a criminal matter which he hears himself, he sees on its own,
It's natural itself " but the person who can provide the information
is related to a criminal case even though he does not hear it himself,
no he saw it himself and not himself, as long as the man's description
according to the suspect and/or defendant ' s assessment, in connection with the follow-
criminal expected and/or dismayed to him will be
favorable and/or easing himself.
The conclusion, Article 1 of the figure 26, Article 1 of 27, Article 65, Section 116 of the paragraph
(3), Section 116 of the paragraph (4) and Article 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a, contradictory between one
with the other and violates the principle of the state of law and the principle of recognition,
the assurance, protection and certainty of fair laws as well as the equation in
48
ahead of the law as referred to by Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph
(1) UUD 1945.
2. Dr. Mudzakkir, S.H., M.H. The process of vetting criminal proceedings is conducted through the stages of inquiry,
investigation, prosecution, examination at court hearings, and execution of
the verdict.
To prove a felony that occurred and found
the suspect, which is required to be valid and recognized by Article 184 of the paragraph
(1) KUHAP is:
a) witness description; b) mail expert; c) letter; d) hint; e) caption the defendant.
Examination of criminal cases seeking materiel correctness, then examination
at the preparation stage needs to be done meticulously, carefully and objectively
in order to find a material truth That is, therefore, the judge
in the criminal case is active.
According to the doctrine criminal law, the stage of the criminal justice process is distinguished
be the pre-addicated stage, the adjudicating stage, and the post-addicated stage.
On the pre-addicated stage there are two legal actions, the investigation
and the investigation.
The pre-addications are the collection stages of all the evidence tools
and the conclusion about whether a matter is being examined
as a felony or not a criminal act. At stage
this is all the evidence collected to be bright and clear
the alleged occurrence of a violation of criminal law. The evidence is collected by either
on the initiative of the investigator and the por or on the initiative reported or
the suspect. This is important because the investigator is in use
the authority is not for the intention of asking someone to stand trial in
the court for being convicted (of a criminal fine, prison, or being convicted
dead), but instead to uphold the law and justice [Article 24 of the paragraph (1)
UUD 1945].
49
The pre-addicated stage determines the fate of a person being charged with a felony.
a criminal in some ways, that is:
a) Determines whether a particular act is being examined
as a criminal or a criminal act or no;
b) If based on sufficient preliminary evidence is then concluded
as a criminal act, determining who is the perpetrator of the act
the criminal who was made a suspect?
c) Determines whether a series of suspects ' actions have fulfilled
elements of the criminal act that are disarmed or not?
d) If based on the existing evidence tool (the results of the inquiry) stated it has
meets the elements of the criminal act that are dislocated to him,
determining the action of the suspect may be continued to be checked in
the court and the public prosecutor is making an indictment.
e) Next, all materials are prepared in the pre-addicated stage,
determining the quality of the judge ' s ruling, because in prosecuting (check
and cut) the criminal case in court, the judge based it on
the indictment letter filed by the prosecutor the public prosecutor.
In the pre-addicated stage, the evidence collection process needs to be performed
as complete as possible, both from the services of the whistle-perer and investigator
and on the suspect's initiative. The proof tool is all evidence tool
that can describe the actual state of the deed
someone and other accompanying deeds (which are alleged to be
criminal deeds). According to the Expert, the assessment of the evidence tool is not
categorized by the evidence incriminating
suspects/defendants (the evidence tool filed) or easing
(the evidence of the accused/defendant), Rather, it is rated from the angle
objective is the value of proof of the proof of a moderate
checked.
The proof of the proof power of the evidence tool is determined based on a case per
case and the general standard of evidence assessment is quantified as follows:
a) The value of the proof of proof of the witness in criminal case:
1) The witness account is the source of what a natural witness is, see, and
hear for yourself.
50
2) The witness accounts sourced from what the witnesses saw and
hear it yourself.
3) The witness accounts sourced from what the witnesses saw or
hear themselves.
4) The other witness ' s account sourced from what the witness
hears from other witnesses who experienced, seen, or heard
alone.
b) The value of the proof power of expert captions:
1) experts on the quality of the proof power
of a proof tool;
2) The expert on the subject matter is not directly related
with the quality of the proof power of a piece of evidence.
c) The value of the proof power of the letter:
1) The direct-related letter or the one used to perform
a criminal deed.
2) The letter is not directly related to a criminal action.
d) NIlai the power of proof of The defendant's description:
1) The defendant's direct contact with the element-
element of the criminal offence.
2) The defendant is not directly related to
elements of the criminal offence
The collection of evidence tools is objectively judged to have two functions, that is,
first, a positive function against alleged criminal action; and
second, negative function of the alleged occurrence criminal action.
Using the modelling criminal justice system filed by
Herbert L Packer, the Crime Control Model (CCM) and Due Process Model
(DPM), in a criminal justice system based to Crime
Control Model (CCM) is more emphasis on the model positive proof that
positive, is in a judicial system based to Due
Process Model (DPM) more stressed to the proof that
balanced, i.e. using a positive model (submitted by the public prosecutor),
and the negative model (submitted by the defendant/her legal advisor).
KUHAP designs the holding of a different criminal justice with
both, all law enforcement officers at the investigation stage have
51
an obligation to collect both positive or
evidence tools negatively against alleged criminal acts that are committed to
the suspect, and if failed to prove it, then the case is stopped through
issuer of the Broadcast Investigative Stop (SP3) as referred to
in Article 109 of the KUHAP.
If the legal norm in Articles 1 26th and 27th, Article 65, and Section 116
KUHAP is linked to the provisions of Article 184 of the Criminal Code is
a form of arrangement regarding the restriction on one's freedom
through The Act, then the norm of such law must meet
terms, i.e. solely:
a) to guarantee recognition and respect for rights and freedoms
others, and
b) to meet the fair demands in accordance with moral considerations,
the religious values, security, and public order in an
democratic society;
Fulfillment of the suspect's right, including the right to self-purpose
file a witness and or someone with special expertise to
provide a favorable description for herself (Article 65
KUHAP) which became an investigator ' s obligation to fulfill it [Article 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) KUHAP] is part of the legal state practice
Indonesia as referred to Article 2 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution.
Therefore, the evidence or witnesses may be filed by the por, investigator,
or the accused/defendant and his legal advisor. Principle,
witness statements are neutral and objective. The objectivity of the witness description
measured from the description of the testimony given only based on what
that he experienced and/or he saw and/or he heard himself given in
below or on oath. Such witnesses are witnesses who
captions of his testimony have a strong proof of force value
in criminal cases, as it is directly related to the elements of the action
the criminal being dispossessed.
The witness or Other proofs submitted by the suspect/advisor
The law has a strong and equal proof of proof of power that
other witnesses provided the quality of the witness description is
neutral and objective, The description provided is based on what he experienced
52
and/or he sees and/or he hears himself given below/above
oaths. The difference lies in the nature of the proof, which is
a negative proof. That is, the testimony or
the evidence submitted evidence proves otherwise,
proving that it is not in the case of any of the criminal acts that
dislodged him.
The testimony of the testimony have such qualities described
also depending on the nature of the criminal offense, which is a criminal deed
that happens to be done enough with one time done by
one person or more one person (master/host); and there
times the deed is done through a long series of processes,
a relatively long time, and it involves a lot of people. This last thing
can be found in a criminal act related to the use
the authority of public officials sourced from in the retrieval process
decision or policy (such as the alleged occurrence of a follow-up. A criminal that
backs up this material test/Sisminbakum).
Conclusion, the legal norm of criminal events contained in Article 1 of the 26th,
Article 1 of the 27th of the KUHAP is linked to Article 65 juncto of Article 113 of the paragraph
(3) and paragraph (4) juncto Article 184 of paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP (Act 8/1981)
as the legal norm of exclusion that results in the right and
the freedom or independence of a person as a suspect
is stated in conflict with the 1945 Constitution if it is interpreted as incompatible
or contradictory. with the intent and purpose of Article 28J UUD 1945 which
results in a suspect's right to be entitled which are guaranteed by Article 28D paragraph (1)
UUD 1945 in order to host the Indonesian Legal State [Article
1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution].
3. Dr. Chairul Huda The Criminal Justice System is organized with the principle of innocence
(presumption of innocence principle). Before the court states
a person is guilty of a criminal offence, then all
"proceedings "(reductions and restrictions on human rights) and" procedures "
(protection of protection) in criminal event law dedicated
to "take distance as far as possible with the presumption that someone
not guilty (presumption of guilty), unless it can be proved otherwise".
53
Execution of criminal events, such as inquiry, prosecution, and examination
in advance of the court hearing, set out of an attempt to guarantee that
the legal process may take place in a reasonable way (due process of law), with
providing the vastness of a possibility for a person to be spared
from social degradation as a perpetrator of the crime, unless the court
states it.
As its implementation, the criminal process marked by a number of instruments
to ensure the examination subject can "using certain
legal rights" which he owns, so keeping the concerned fixed
like "innocent people", up to court proves
otherwise. An important one is the right to submit a witness
(or expert) who benefits the defendant (Article 65 of the KUHAP).
The execution of an innocent presumption requires proof that
there is a criminal offence and one has been guilty of a criminal offense
that is, based on evidence that does not cause any doubt
(beyond the reasonable doubt), which was obtained legitimately. The
principle has been started since the investigation phase. For that "law requires" apparatus
the judiciary (Investigators, Public Prosecutions, and judges) pursue the truth
materiel, which is not only obtained from the witnesses (a charge) but also
"calling "," checking ", and "hear" a witness or someone who
has special expertise to provide a description that
benefits for the person/defendant [Article 116 of the paragraph (4) and Article
160 paragraph (1) of the letter c KUHAP].
No legal obligation to "call", "check",
and "hear" witnesses or someone with special expertise to
provide a favorable description for the suspect/defendant
In question, it can be viewed as a distraction against the presumption of the presumption
not guilty.
The provisions of Article 65 of the KUHAP constitute a provision of the "right", in terms of
this "legal right" of a Suspect or defendant, to
defend against a cage or indictment for allegedly being
performing a A felony. The exercise of this right can be distinguished
when the one in question becomes the Suspect, and at the time
concerned has been the defendant.
54
At the inquiry stage, the execution of this right is linked to the provisions
Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) KUHAP, which determines that in the event
the suspect wants a witness (or expert) who can
benefit for him, the investigator is required to call and examine the witness
(or the expert). The rights of the Suspect as referred to in Article 65
KUHAP has been incarnated as "an investigator ' s duty". In other words,
a favorable witness (or expert) exists is the "legal right" of the Suspect
and the "legal obligation" of the Investigator.
The suspect's right " to attempt and file a witness and or
someone who has Special skills to provide a description that
benefits for himself ", being an investigator's duty, that is:
a. asked a suspect ' s wish about being heard of a witness who
benefits for him;
b. Included in the suspect's News Show News about
the suspect's wishes were met with a witness that
benefits for him;
c. invoking a favorable witness for the
suspect;
d. examine beneficial witnesses for the suspect;
e. pouring in the News Show Witness Examination results
A favorable witness for the suspect.
The provisions of Section 224 of the Criminal Code complement the Investigator's obligation with
"the tool of the wearer", in order for the benefit of the auspicious witness for suspects
meeting the call and providing the necessary information in
a criminal case.
At the examination stage in advance of the trial, linked to Article 160
paragraph (1) of the letter c KUHAP, the legal rights of that transformed into an obligation
the law for the Judge to listen to the witness who favorable to
the accused.
If the Investigator is mandatory "call" and "check", but
The judge is "only" to hear ", but there is not a single apparatus that
is required to" call ", so that it can be subject to criminal sanctions
pursuant to Section 224 of the Criminal Code. Thus, the exercise of legal rights
the defendant to attempt and file a witness and or someone
55
which has special expertise, relies heavily from "good faith" Charges
General and Judge.
Based on the above description, the Investigator obligation to call and
examine the witness (or expert) benefit a suspect, have
a very strategic position, because if the suspect is not able
Qualifying meets the elements of the criminal offense and is guilty of it,
then the legal process against which is concerned would not continue to
the court.
"A favorable witness to the person/defendant" as
referred to in Article 65 of the KUHAP is "another understanding" of the witness
or the witness description, as in Article 1 of the figure 26 and the number
27 KUHAP. A favorable witness is a witness to his understanding outside
from the understanding of the incriminating witness. Similarly, the "
definition of Article 65 of the KUHAP is not to be confused with the expert sense as
referred to in Article 7 of the paragraph (1) letter h KUHAP juncto Article 120 of the paragraph (1)
KUHAP.
Based on this, it is not in its place if the Investigator refuses to call
and checks the suspected witness by the suspect, citing
arguing "there is no connection to her" with the criminal offense
ensign it, assuming that it "does not see, hear and experience
itself a criminal event". Similarly to the expert, "required
in conjunction with a case check" or "an expert opinion
or a person with special expertise" in the investigation of a criminal offence,
has nothing to do with "someone who has a special expertise
that benefits" for the suspect.
A witness examination (or expert) favorable in the Investigations stage
is solely committed to the exercise of the suspect ' s legal rights. Sure
becomes illogical if the suspect asks a witness (witness statement),
as referred to in Article 1 of the figure 26 (and number 27) KUHAP and
experts, as referred to in Article 7 of the paragraph (1) of the letter h KUHAP juncto
Article 120 paragraph (1) KUHAP. The favorable witness here is the witness
who saw, heard and experienced the events that had something to do
with the suspect, in such a way that the events were dislocated
visible from the other side. Including in this sense are the witnesses who
56
easing, witnesses who gave an alibi, another witness who at his point could
make the suspect innumerable (a de charge) has done
the criminal event. Sebangun with this, with regard to the expert
as referred to in Article 65 of the KUHAP is the person who is due
whose expertise the events are dislocated against the suspect becomes another,
being not a criminal event, but rather For example, the event
the data or the actions of the state of the country's enterprise The goal is no other,
making the suspect's position to "benefit" in the eyes of the law.
Investigators could not be justified "assess" witness statements (or
experts) who benefit "before" calling and inspeting the
concerned. Prejudice that makes the Investigator playing
judgement at premature. The assessment can only be done "after"
calling and checking the concerned, according to will
the suspect.
4. Dr. Kurnia Toha Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution states that the State of Indonesia is
the state of the law. Then the law holds supreme power. With
so not only the people who must comply with the law, will but
the country must also be subject to the applicable law (rechtssouvereiniteit).
As a legal state, it is a necessity to respect and
uphold the principles of human rights (human rights), i.e. rights that
owned by man solely because he is human, not because it is given
to him by society or by positive law but solely
based on his dignity as a human.
There are several principles of universal human rights, such as
the principle of equality that lays all people born. free and have
equality; the principle of non-discrimination, i.e. the prohibition
the difference in treatment of those who should be treated the same;
and the principle of state obligation to protect such human rights, namely that
a country should not intentionally ignore the rights and liberty-
freedom, otherwise the state is obligated to actively protect and
ensure that its rights to the human rights.
In the criminal justice system, respect for human rights including rights-
the rights of the suspect, the defendant, Even a convict, reflected in his honor.
57
against the due process of lawprinciple. Must respect due process of
law departing from the nature of penal law which has severe sanctions not
only for the perpetrator, but also for his family. A person who
disfigures commits a criminal offense, has basically earned
a sentence even before being found guilty by a court that
has a fixed legal force. Therefore, therefore, the suspect or
the accused must be protected by his rights to defend and
collect the evidence that its endetest.
Principles of due process of law by itself are attached to the any
human, which protects him from arbitrary (arbitrary) actions,
oppresses (oppresive) and unfair government action (unjust
government actions). If the law enforcement process results in
in exchange for the principle fairness there has been a breach
against due process of law, which may result in the law of the innocent.
In the criminal justice system, justice will be more accomplished if the procedure
is properly executed or followed. Procedure due process of law
holds an important role as it limits the techniques of the investigation
and the investigation by the police, restricts the actions of the public prosecutor,
and directs how criminal justice exercised.
Procedure due process of law gives the rights to the suspect/defendant
to be treated fairly. A fair legal process includes the right
to be heard, self-defense, recognition of the similarities
the position in law, and respect for presumption asas not
guilty. A fair legal process will ensure both parties in the system
criminal law, law enforcement and the accused/defendant,
have the same opportunity to present the evidence and
the reasons for the process The judicial will run in a situation that
fair, accurate, and reasonable means.
The principles of respect for due process of law this other than it is contained
in Section 1 paragraph (3) is also contained in Section 28D of the paragraph (1) UUD 1945.
Based on the provisions of Article 1 of the number 26 and the number 27 KUHAP, it can
inferred that the witness description is an essential evidence tool in
the enforcement process of criminal law, whether for law enforcement to
58
substantiates the suspect/defendant's error or attempt to
suspect/defendant in self-defense.
It is the authority of the investigator or the prosecution to present witnesses
that provides the caption burdensome for a suspect or defendant
or who will support the process of proving committed by investigators
or a public prosecutor. But, based on the due process of law principle, is
a fundamental right for a suspect or a defendant to do
self-defense by requesting a witness description that
benefits for himself. This fundamental right is set in Article
65 KUHAP.
Next Article 116 paragraph (3) of the KUHAP lays an obligation to
law enforcement (investigators) to enquire to the suspect in
the examination of whether the suspect intends to be heard of a possible
favorable witness for him, and when there is then it is noted in the news
event. Article 116 of the paragraph (4) of the KUHAP states that in the event
as referred to in Article 116 of the paragraph (3), the investigator is required to call
and examine the witness. The investigator's obligation has been appropriate and
is a tribute to the principles of due process of law.
About as far as investigators are obliged to call and check
witnesses filed by the suspect or defendant, in addition to the quantity of witnesses
that are favorable, then more importantly emphasize the witness link
that Presented with a committed criminal offence;
as well as reasonable to be said to be beneficial to the suspect; and
may relieve or release a suspect or defendant from the act
a criminal who is committed to the cause of the criminal who is committed to the crime.
Dismay or dismayed to him. Even if the witness
is not a witness of the fact (who sees, hears and experiences alone)
a felony, but if the given description can
cause what is held against the suspect or the defendant
being not a criminal or at least lighten
or benefit it, then the witnesses should be called and
heard.
It should be the same term in one same rule as having
the same meaning, but the meaning of the witness as formulated in
Article 1 of 26 juncto Article 1 number 27 KUHAP is the person who can
59
provides information in the interests of the investigation, prosecution and
the judiciary on a criminal matter which he sees himself, he hears himself,
and he is alone, is not in accordance with the provisions of Article 65 juncto
Section 116 of paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP,
because favorable witnesses are not always the ones who see,
hear, and experience alone a criminal offence. As such,
the provisions contained in Article 1 of 26 juncto Article 1 of the figure 27
KUHAP has given a multitapation and negation or its absence
may incur discrimination of implementation of Article 65 juncto sections 116 paragraph
(3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP.
An arbitrary inepacity and interpretation by investigators
against those articles resulted in a constitutional rights of the rights
a suspect or defendant protected by Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D
paragraph (1) UUD 1945.
In the context of an official who carries out a policy where
the policy was taken in a leadership meeting attended by
other officials in the environment of that instance, in carrying out
The policy of other leaders present at the meeting is not
viewing, hearing and experiencing self-conduct the policy.
If at the end of the day the official who carries out the policy
is decided In a meeting the leadership was examined by the investigator because
there was a chance a felon, even though the officials
decided the policy did not see, hear, and experience
on its own, but the officials ' description was urgently needed to
release the acting officials. the policy of the cage does an
criminal offence, as the officials know what the content is and
how to process the policy. Therefore, the officials
it is a favorable witness as intended
in Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph
(1) the letter a KUHAP. Investigators are therefore obliged to call and check
the officials as a favorable witness, if requested by
tersagka.
the principle of human rights and due process of law has gained protection in
in Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution.
60
the right of the suspect to be heard of a favorable witness for him and
an investigator's obligation to call and inspect the witness,
as provided in Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4)
juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) the letter a KUHAP has been in accordance with Article 1 of the paragraph
(3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution.
the formulation of the witness as set out in Article 1 of 26 and number 27
KUHAP has given an arbitrary interpretation by investigators
(arbitrary), thus violating the principles of due process of law and
causes a disclaimer of suspect rights as formulated
in Section 1 of paragraph (3) and Section 28D paragraph (1) of the Constitution of 1945, and Section 65
juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) letter a
KUHAP.
[2.3] A draw that against the applicant ' s request, the Government
provides the caption in writing in the January 18,
2011 trial, outlining the following:
I. Subject a. That the subject of the applicant with the case register Number 28 /PUU-
VIII/2010, at its core stated that the provisions of Article 65 of the Act 8/1981,
are considered potentially detrimentally to the rights of the applicant, due to the
interpretation of which Unconstitutional by law enforcement authorities,
specifically for suspects or defendants to submit witnesses and/or experts
that could have been rejected by law enforcement officials
for reasons not to be found. obligation for law enforcement apparatus to
receive and inspect the Witnesses and/or The expert.
1. That in the handling of matters on behalf of Syaukani Hassan Rais,
Marthias and Aulia Pohan, the Investigator of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)
refused to examine the expert filed for the suspect with no reason
mandatory investigators. to examine the expert submitted by the suspect, matter
this is evidenced by letter Number B-48/D. Dak2/KPK/III/ 2007 dated 28
March 2007 to Dr. Otto Cornelis Kaligis that reads: " with
so investigators do not have an obligation to call and
check out the favorable expert for a suspect in an inspection at
The investigation level. For that, it was suggested to Brother for
61
presents an expert favorable to the defendant in the process
the trial in Court ".
2. That according to the applicant, the KPK Investigator has misinterpreted the article a quo
so that it would be open to the possibility of a breach
constitutional rights as a potential Indonesian citizen.
harms the constitutional right of the applicant.
3. That the norm that is contained in the a quo Act, is considered to have been
violates the constitutional right of the applicant as an advocate who when
practices and is designated as the legal advisor of the suspects or
the accused has been having a violation of constitutional rights, therefore
according to the applicant then the provisions of a quo are considered to be contrary to
Article 28D paragraph (1) of the Basic Law of 1945.
4. The government has argued that the Constitutional Court is not authorized to
examine and prosecute the applicant, because the a quo
is related to the application of the norm (implementation) of an invite-
invite pursuant to Article 65 of the Act 8/1981, especially because it concerns
the order of practice by the Corruption Eradication Commission in performing
the inquiry in accordance with the authority provided by the Act,
in particular in conducting Consideration of the expert examination
filed suspect in the investigation.
b. That is the subject of the applicant with the case register Number 65 /PUU-
VIII/2010, at its core stating the provisions of Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27,
Article 65, Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) as well as Section 184 of paragraph (1) of the Act
8/1981 is considered to have recognized the recognition, assurance, protection and
legal certainty, as well as being considered contrary to the principles of the State
the law, hence according to the applicant the provision is considered
contradictory with the provisions of Article 1 paragraph (3) and Section 28D paragraph (1)
The Basic Law of 1945, because as following:
1. That a suspect as determined by KUHAP was granted
the right to prove that he was innocent, because the provisions
above should be interpreted as a suspect's attempt to
prove that Not guilty as a form of respect
and the fulfillment of human rights, it is protected and guaranteed by
the constitution;
62
2. That it is the right of a suspect to submit as much as-
the abundance of the evidence to benefit him and prove himself
not guilty, because it gives an interpretation of a Iayak or not
exemplary or it is not a favorable witness for himself not
is a discretion or "freis ermessen" from the investigator's more than
Jampidsus and the Attorney General but the authority of the judge.
3. That a phrase, a suspect or a defendant is entitled to attempt to or
submit a witness and or a person with a special skill to
provide a favorable description for himself, should be interpreted
and is defined as a right that cannot be denied for any reason
for a suspect to present a witness or an expert who
is favorable to him in one criminal case.
4. In short, the petitioners apply for the provision
a quo should be interpreted (conditionally unconstitutional) " suspect or
the defendant has the right to attempt and file a witness and or
which has special expertise to provide a description that
benefits him, and the investigator, the public prosecutor and the judge have
the obligation to receive and examine the witnesses and or the expert
ushered in and submitted by "defendant".
5. The government argued that the Constitutional Court was not authorized to
check and trial the applicant's plea, because the a quo
is related to the application of the norm (implementation) of an invite-
invite pursuant to Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27 Acts 8/1981, especially
due to the order of practice by the Prosecutor's institution as Investigator,
to conduct the inquiry and/or prosecution in accordance with
the authority granted by the Act, specifically in
conduct consideration of the examination favorable witness/witness
a de charge for the suspect for the purposes of the inquiry, even against
the applicant ' s wishes have been fulfilled (among others presenting the former Vice
President RI H. Yusuf Kalla and the former Menko Kwik Economy Kian
Gie).
II.About Legal Occupation (Legal Standing) The applicant pursuant to the provisions of Article 51 of the paragraph (1) Act Number 24 of the Year
2003 on the Constitutional Court, stating that the applicant is a party
63
which considers the rights and/or its constitutional authority be harmed by
the enactment of the law, that is:
a. Individual citizens of Indonesia;
b. the unity of the indigenous law society as long as it is alive and in accordance with
the development of the society and the principle of the Republic of the Republic of Indonesia
which is set in promulg;
c. the public or private legal entity; or
d. country institutions.
The above provisions are expressed in its explanation, that the
"constitutional right" is the rights that are governed in the Basic Law
The Republic of Indonesia of Indonesia in 1945.
Thus, in order for someone or a party to be accepted as
The applicant who has a legal position (legal standing) in the plea
testing the legislation against the Republican Basic Law
Indonesia Year 1945, then first must explain and
prove:
a. qualifiers in the a quo application as referred to in Article 51
paragraph (1) Act No. 24 of 2003 on the Constitutional Court;
b. the rights and/or its constitutional authority in the qualifying referred to which
is deemed to have been harmed by the enactment of the tested Act;
c. the rights and/or constitutional authority of the applicant as a result
expiring The Act is vetted testing.
Further the Constitutional Court since the ruling Number 006 /PUU-III/2005 and
ruling Number 11 /PUU-V/2007, as well as subsequent rulings, have
provided the understanding and limitation. cumulative over rights loss
and/or constitutional authority arising from the expiring invite-
invite under Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the Law No. 24 of 2003 on
The Constitutional Court must meet 5 (five) terms:
a. the constitutional right of the applicant given by the Basic Law
The State of 1945;
b. that the constitutional right of the applicant is considered by the applicant to have
harmed by an Act that is tested;
64
c. that the intended constitutional loss is specific
(specifically) and actual or at least any potential that according to reasoning
which is reasonable is certain to occur;
d. Due (causal verband) between the loss and
the enactment of the legislation is being moveed to be tested;
e. It is possible that by the request of a request then
the constitutional loss postured will not or no longer occur.
Over those things above, then according to the Government needs to be questioned
interest The applicant is appropriate as a party that considers the right
and/or its constitutional authority be harmed by the enactment of the provisions
Article 1 of 26 and 27, Article 65, Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) and
Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a Law No. 8 Year 1981 on Law
Criminal Event. Also whether or not there is a constitutional loss the applicant
referred to is specific (specifically) and actual or at least potential
that reasonable reasoning may be certain, and whether or not there is
causal link (causal verband) between the loss and the enactment of the Invite-
Invite is being asked to be tested. In this case, the Government argued
that:
a. The applicant in case register Number 28 /PUU-VIII/2010 dated April 28
2010 did not have a valid legal standing to apply because
does not meet the provisions of Article 51 of the paragraph (1) Act Number 24 of the Year
2003 juncto Putermination of the Constitutional Court among other Putermination Numbers
006 /PUU-III/2005 dated 31 May 2005 due to the unearned loss of Rights
The Constitutional Court of the applicant who was an advocate who was when it practiced
and be appointed as the legal counsel of the suspects or the accused with
The enactment of the Tested Section. Based on the Court of Justice jurisprudence
Constitution Number 10 /PUU-VIII/2010 pages 57, 58, and 59 points 3.11 to
with a 3.15 point at the point stating that the request of
The profession of the profession is not an advocate of the law. have legal standing to
apply for a materiel test request.
b. The applicant's request with the case register Number 65 /PUU-VIII/2010 is not
solely intended to the applicant (as a suspect in the case
a criminal corruption only) and at the Investigator stage only, but intended
also or applies to any trial process against each person and
65
or the favorable witnesses and witnesses a de charge under Article 1
number 26 and number 27 of the Law Number 8 of 1981 on the KUHAP.
1. According to the Government, the presumption of the applicant stating that
provisions are considered to be contrary to the Basic Law
1945, and are therefore considered to be detriing to the rights and/or authority
of its constitutionality, is that it is not a valid matter. premature and unfounded, because according to
Government provisions a quo is not solely intended to the applicant
(as a suspect in the case of criminal corruption alone) and at the stage
The investigation only, but is intended also or applies to any of the processes
the trial against each person and the or witnesses
a favorable and witness a de charge under Article 1 of 26 and the number
27 Law No. 8 Year 1981 on KUHAP.
2. As such, though the Investigator does not grant a witness check
either favorable or witness a de charge submitted by the applicant at
the investigation level, but the Act governs that at the level
examination at the trial (at the prosecution stage) The applicant may still
submit a favorable witness and witness a de charge independently
or by the order of the judge to the General Prosecutions, vide
Section 160 of the paragraph (1) The letter c, stating, " In case there are good witnesses that
favorable and which incriminating the accused are listed in
the letter of the controversy and or requested by the defendant or
the legal counsel or the public prosecutor during the course of the hearing or
before the ratiation of the ruling, the chief judge Hearing of the witness ".
Further M. Yahya Harahap, in his book Bribery, Question
and the Application of the KUHAP Volume II, PT. Garuda Metropolitan Press, May 1988,
hal. 693, states, " Article 160 of the paragraph (1) of the letter c imposes the obligation
the law to the judge of the court to hear the witness's description. ...
Therefore every witness has been examined by investigators, and that witness
listed in the corruption of the case file, is required to be heard in advance
in advance of the trial without assuming the incriminating witness
or perpetuating the defendant ".
3. That the a quo Act expressly stated that there is still
the applicant's chance to submit an additional witness submitted
66
the defendant or the General Prosecuting and, " not only limited to the witness-
witnesses who have been listed in the controversy of the files which have been
are examined by investigators ... but include all witnesses ... outside the witnesses
who have been listed in the devolution of the case files ... Chief Judge
the hearing is "mandatory" listening ".
4. That the a quo provision is a common form of protection
(general prevention) given by the state against any person who
sits as a suspect/defendant. That witness check that
benefits and witnesses a de charge is not blocked by the KUHAP, even
recognized itself by the applicant that the KUHAP has stepped one step further
forward in laying out the tonsils of Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D UUD 1945.
With no call witnesses a de charge filed by the Suspect
or the defendant, does not mean eliminating the suspect ' s right because of the right
the suspect is still protected by the legislation stating that in
proceedings in accordance with Article 160 of the paragraph (1) of the letter c KUHAP, suspect
or a defendant may still file a lightest witness and witness a
de charge. Thus, according to the Government of the entire investigation process,
the prosecution in advance of the judiciary, up to the court ruling has
according to the applicable procedure and has been in accordance with the perinvite regulations-
the applicable invitation and the reflect a good judicial process (due
process of law).
Based on the description, the Government pleads for the Chairman/Assembly of Judges
The Constitutional Court states the applicant is not acceptable
(niet ontvankelijk verklaard).
III. The Government's explanation of the Muatan Materials is expected to be tested by the petitioners.
The petitioners in his application submitted the testing (constitutional
review) against the provisions of Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27, Article 65, Section 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) as well as Article 184 of the paragraph (1) of the letter No. 8
In 1981 on the Law of Penal Event which states:
Article 1 of the number 26 of the KUHAP:
67
The witness is the person who can provide the information for the benefit
the investigation, prosecution and the judiciary about a criminal case that he
hears himself, he sees himself and is natural himself.
Article 1 of the KUHAP 27:
The witness account is one of the evidence tools in the criminal case
The witness of a witness regarding a criminal event he hears himself, he
see for yourself and he experienced it himself by calling the reasons of his knowledge.
Article 65 KUHAP:
The suspect or defendant has the right to attempt and file a witness and
or someone who has special skills to provide the caption
benefits for him.
Section 116 verse (3) KUHAP:
In the examination the suspect is asked if he intends his hearing
that can be advantageous for him and when there is then it is noted in
the news of the event.
Section 116 of the paragraph (4) KUHAP:
In terms of as referred to in paragraph (3) of mandatory investigators calling and
check the witness.
The Article 184 paragraph (1) of the letter a KUHAP: The valid evidence tool is: a. witness description;
The provisions above by the applicant are deemed to be contrary to
the provisions of Article 1 paragraph (3) and Section 28D paragraph (1) of the Country Basic Law
The Republic of Indonesia of 1945, which states:
Article 1 of the paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution:
The State of Indonesia is the state of the law.
Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution:
Everyone is entitled to the pergations, guarantees, protection, and legal certainty
the fair and the equal treatment before the law.
Top of those things, the Government can provide an explanation as follows:
a. That the subject of the applicant with the case register Number 28 /PUU-
VIII/2010, at its core stated that the provisions of Article 65 of the Act
No. 8 of the Year of 1981 on Criminal Event Law, were considered potentially
adversely The rights of the applicant, due to the unconstitutional interpretation
68
conducted by law enforcement authorities, specifically for suspects or
defendants to submit witnesses and/or experts favorable, which
could have been rejected by law enforcement authorities for no reason.
an obligation for law enforcement authorities to receive and inspect the Witnesses
and/or the Expert.
That against the Presumption of the applicant above, the Government can
explain as follows:
1. that the provisions of Article 65 of the Law No. 8 of the Year of 1981 on
The Code of Criminal Events Act do not conflict with
Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. The applicant has misinterpreted the norm
in the proofed section of Article 65 of the Law No. 8 Year
1981 on the Criminal Event Law Act where in
the execution of a suspect or defendant to submitting a witness not
only limited to the investigation level but at the examination level
the trial of the suspect or defendant may present the expert because at
the expert captions are made as evidence tools as
delivered the applicant in its Permohoned on page 16 is
The captions are delivered in front of the trial and under oath.
2. That the applicant is on page 12 of paragraph 4 and in
Petitum Plea number 2 states that Article 65 of the Act
Number 8 of 1981 on the Law of the Criminal Event
and its Clarity. have violated the provisions of Article 28D paragraph (1)
The Basic Law of 1945. The applicant's control is the erroneously incorrect proof
due to Article 65 of the Law No. 8 of 1981 on the Book
The Law of the Criminal Event and its Explanation is not
contrary to the Basic Law of 1945 in particular Section 28D
paragraph (1). In contrast, Article 65 is intended to be the
justice or reflection of Article 28D of the paragraph (1) of the Act
Basic 1945, due to the existence of Article 65 of the Law No. 8
of 1981 on the Law of the Law This Criminal Event, has
accommodated the execution of the suspect ' s rights or defendants pursuant to
provisions of Article 28D paragraph (1) of the Basic Law of 1945.
69
b. That according to the applicant with the case register Number 65 /PUU-VIII/2010,
in his Permohoned at the point of the request that the applicant ' s right to
request to listen to the witnesses deemed favorable
The applicant under the provisions of Article 65 juncto Section 116 paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) of the Law No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Event Law,
which the Investigator denied and the Supreme Attorney's superiors are clear
adversely affect the rights of the The constitutionality of the Applicant guaranteed by the Constitution of 1945.
The source of such refusal according to the Applicant is based on the provision
Article 1 of 27 Law Number 8 of 1981 on the Law of the Event
Criminal, regarding witness statements connected to the provisions of Article
65 juncto Section 116 paragraph (3) and (4) as well as Section 184 of paragraph (1) letter a Invite-
Invite Number 8 Year 1981 on the Law of the Criminal Event.
That Article 1 number 26 and number 27 of the a quo Act of that according to
The applicant also applied "discriminatory" by the Investigator because only
applies to the witness of the fact, Event witnesses and witnesses are incriminating only, but
not to the favorable witness or witness a de charge for the applicant
(vide the request of the applicant figure 19 page 28). That the applicant in
his application of the 20-figure 37 that was at his point was the act
arbitrary the prosecutor and the chief prosecutor of the Attorney General
who did not want to call the witnesses favorable to the Para The applicant
which harms the constitutional right of the applicant will not happen again if
its application is granted.
That against the presumption of the applicant above, the Government can
explain as follows:
1. That the provisions of Article 1 of item 26 of the Law No. 8 of 1981
about the Criminal Event Law (KUHAP) stated, " The witness is the person
which may provide information for the purposes of the inquiry,
the prosecution and the The trial of a criminal case heard
himself, he saw himself and he experienced himself by calling the rationale of
his knowledge of it ".
Whereas Article 1 of item 27 states, " The witness account is wrong
one evidence tool in the criminal case that he hears himself, he sees himself
and he experienced himself by calling the reason of the his knowledge was ".
70
That according to M. Yahya Harahap, in his book Satisfaction,
Problems and Application of the KUHAP Volume I, PT. Bibliography Kartini, December
1993, hal. 146, stating, appropriate witness description for
of yusticial interest, reasonably aware of Article 1
item 27, connected with Article 116 of the paragraph (2): witnesses must provide
The actual description is the actual description in respect
with the criminal action being examined. The inside of
examine the witness is a criminal that is being examined itself,
so that the investigator actually gets the truth of the event
The criminal is from the witness, within the limit. way that does not contain
pressure and coercion. The correct witness description element is relevant to
yusticial or judicial interest is the description intended by
Article 1 of item 27 and Article 185 of the paragraph (5). With this assertion the investigator
could already direct a witness examination: a description of an
a criminal event, which he heard, not the result of the story or the hearing result
of the other person. Must be directly personally heard by the witness
alone about the criminal events concerned, which he sees himself
means at the time of the event or a barrage of criminal events that
is sincerely witnessed by the eyes of its own head.
That Article 1 of item 27 of the KUHAP does not harm the constitutional right of the applicant,
because the provisions of the section are connected with Article 185 of the paragraph (5)
KUHAP aims for investigators to obtain the truth of the event
A criminal offence is not an opinion or a recluse that is obtained from the results
The thought alone Thus the provisions of Article 1 item 27 of the KUHAP
aim for the yusticial interests to obtain the truth
the criminal events as well as provide legal and legal protection for
the suspect and the defendant may not disnumerable or charged not
based on real facts.
2. That Article 65 of the KUHAP states, "The suspect or defendant is entitled
to attempt and file a witness and or someone who
has a special skill to provide a description that
benefits for himself".
That during the examination in advance of the investigator, the applicant could
submit to the investigator to be examined for a favorable witness
71
for him. The favorable witness check or the witness a de charge
for the suspect is mandatory, as is the provision
Article 116 of the paragraph (4) of the Criminal Code in the case of the suspect stating that he will
submit The "mandatory" witness for her investigators is "mandatory"
calling and examining the witness.
That according to M. Yahya Harahap, in his book Bribery,
The severity and the Implementation of KUHAP Volume I, PT. Bibliography Kartini, December
1993, hal. 142, states, on the issue of legal obligation for investigators
to call and examine the witness a de charge may need a little
regrettable that this is where this obligation should be met
Investigators? The reject point of the principle and purpose of the KUHAP itself may exist
precisely for the legal obligation to be charged with Article 116 of the paragraph (4)
it is limited to the length of the need for which it is necessary
the suspect's advantage. If there are any adverse symptoms in
file a de charge witness in the direction of toying the path
check, lose or delete the investigator's obligation to call
and check the witnesses a de charge filed suspect.
3. That thus, even though the investigator is obliged to call
and examine the witness a de charge, but of course the witness should be
a witness pursuant to the provisions of Article 1 of the 27 of the KUHAP aims for
yusticial interests in order to obtain the truth of the criminal events
as well as provide legal and legal protection for the suspect and
the accused as well as need to be aware of their relevance for the proof that
not Creates obstacles to the path of inspection.
4. That the applicant is on 7 pages 23 of his Permohony
cert states, " The provisions of Article 14 of the International Covenant
on the Civil and Political Rights have actually been animating the formulation
Article 65 and Section 116 of the paragraph (3) KUHAP. Even KUHAP stepped one
stage more advanced, by requiring investigators to call and check
those favorable witnesses (v. 4) ". Thus can
be interpreted as the applicant has admitted The provisions of the Act
in the sense that Article 65 and Section 116 have been in accordance with the Covenant on
the Civil and Political Rights of 1966 against the rights of the applicant as
the suspect.
72
5. That in the provisions of Article 14 of the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights (1996) reads " In the determination of any
criminal charge against him, everyone shall be entitled to the following
minimum of guarantees, in full equality: (e) To equality, or have examined, the
witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him "
(In determining the alleged felons, each people are entitled to
the following minimum guarantee, in a full equation to check
or solicits, witnesses who envisage and solicits
are repelled by witnesses who relieve them on the same terms
as the witnesses gave him). Thus the witnesses
that extents should be a witness as set
in Article 1 of the 27 of the KUHAP.
That is based on that explanation above, according to the Government
provisions of Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27, Article 65, Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) as well as Section 184 of the paragraph (1) the letter of Act No. 8 Year
1981 about the Criminal Event Law does not conflict with Article 1 of the paragraph
(3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Constitution of 1945, also
does not prejudice the rights and/or constitutional authority of the applicant.
c. That the applicant in his Permohony that was at its core stated that
an arbitrary act committed by investigators and superiors
the Supreme prosecutor who did not want to call the auspicious witnesses
The applicant is detriing to the constitutional rights of the applicant will not happen again
if the application is granted, according to the Government not under the law
for the following reasons:
1. The applicant has been designated as a suspect of a criminal offence of corruption
specified under the Investigative Warrant of the Director of Inquiry
The Young Attorney General of the Special Criminal Number Print-79/F. 2/Fd.1/06/2010,
date 24 June 2010 allegedly committed criminal corruption charges
fee access and State Reception fee Not Tax (PNBP) on System
Administration of Legal Body Department of Law and Human Rights RI by Prosecutor
Agung RI. That up to this point the Investigator's team still continues to perform
a investigation into the case of the Sisminbankum which is suspected of involving the applicant.
73
2. That the Attorney General has conducted an examination of the witness
easing (a de charge) that the applicant is Jusuf's witness
Kalla (former Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia) and Kwik Kian Gie (former Menko Ecuin),
which has been called and checked as a easing witness for the applicant
on 5 January 2011.
3. That the Attorney General's Team will certainly not treat
The applicant as if as a motorcycle vendor in
Makassar (who) hit people on the street to death and asked the President
SBY to be a witness Which benefits, is not a request that
reasonable (vide request the applicant number 18 page 9). However, Tim
Investigators also would not have been so rashly equating the applicant
as Ahmad, who was suddenly arrested by the Police on charges of robbing
and killed the gold shop owner in the New Market, and ignored
alibi that Ahmad was at the Mosque of Pondok Indah
to be the Imam of the maghrib prayer and afterwards gave kultum (vide
Pemoalat applicant 35 page 17).
4. That the Prosecutor of RI is appropriate to the terms of Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27 jo.
Article 65 juncto Article 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1)
letter a Act No. 8 of the Year 1981 on Criminal Event Law
The Prosecutor is expressly authorized to call the witness who
easing (a de charge) for the suspect, in enforcing the law
on the determination of legal justice and justice.
5. That the principles set out in the sections a quo do not allow it
another interpretation (uitzondering, exception) against what is meant
as "witness", therefore the principle applies to all
Case cases without further complicate the reason the applicant is asked, that
the witness should not be the one to see, hear and experience alone.
6. In the practice of witness summoning the usual use to
delay the investigation acceleration process, as a result, such a request
has become the mode and motive that is behind bad faith to
delay the agenda The eradication of corruption that is currently being worked up
was done by the Prosecutor. If the applicant's request was filed
granted, then it would be a reason to call the witness.
74
incriminating/a charge without the need to notice that whether the witness
incriminating it sees itself, experiencing it alone and hearing itself
deeds done by the suspect/defendant, so that none
Legal certainty and justice for the suspect/defendant and society.
7. If the request of the applicant's test was granted by the Court
Constitution, it could harm the constitutional right of other citizens who
should have obtained his constitutional right based on the caption
incriminating and witness a charge of a court ruling that
has a fixed legal force, because if then the applicant
is granted by the Assembly, then it should be an interpretation of the similar
also must treated against a damning witness (a charge) for
suspect/defendant, who is clearly bound to be adversely
suspect/defendant as so Investigator or Prosecuting
General may seek or order investigators to search for witnesses
that incriminate/a charge without having to provide a caption that
is related to a criminal case even though he does not hear it himself,
he does not see it himself, and is not natural alone.
IV. Conclusion Based on the above explanation, the Government pleads to His Majesty
Chairperson/Assembly of the Constitutional Court of Constitutional Court examining, severing and
prosecuting Law No. 8 of the Year of Law
The Criminal Event Law against the Basic Law of the State of the Republic of Indonesia
In 1945, may provide a ruling as follows:
1. Stating that the applicant does not have a legal standing (legal
standing);
2. Rejecting the applicant's testing request for the whole or the no-
is not to be accepted
(niet onvankelijk verklaard);
3. Accept the Government Description as a whole;
4. Stating the provisions of Article 1 of the number 26 and the number 27, Article 65, Section 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) as well as Article 184 of the paragraph (1) letter of Law No. 8
The Year of 1981 on the Law of Criminal Events does not conflict with Article 1
75
paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of the Republic
Indonesia Year 1945.
However, if Your Majesty the Chairman/Assembly of the Constitutional Court
argues for another, please the wise and adio-adim verdict (ex aequo et
bono).
[2.4] Draw that against the applicant, the House of Representatives
The People provide a written caption without a date, April 2011 that
received the Constitutional Court's Constitutional Court on April 15, 2011,
outlines as follows:
1. The Legal Position (Legal Standing) of the applicant
Qualifying to be fulfilled by the applicant as a party is set
in Article 51 of the paragraph (1) Act No. 24 of 2003 on the Court
Constitution (subsequently abbreviated Law) MK). Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the Act of MK
states that: "The applicant is the party that considers the right and/or
its constitutional authority is harmed by the law,
that is:
a. Individual citizen of Indonesia;
b. the unity of the indigenous law society as long as it is alive and appropriate
with the development of the society and the unity of the Republic of the Republic
Indonesia which is set in undra;
c. public legal entity or Private; or
d. state agencies. "
Further, the explanation of Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the Act of MK states that: "that
referred to as 'constitutianal rights' is the rights explicitly at
set in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia "1945."
So, only rights explicitly set out in the 1945 Constitution that
constitute "constitutional rights".
Meanwhile, the limitations of constitutional losses can be found in
the jurisprudence of the Court on Discourse Case Number 066 /PUU-III/2005 and
Perkara Number 011 /PUU-V/2007. Based on the ruling of the Court
The Constitution has provided limits on constitutional losses that
must meet 5 (five) terms, namely:
76
a. the right and/or constitutional authority of the applicant granted
by the Indonesian State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945;
b. that the right and/or constitutional authority of the applicant
is considered by the applicant to be harmed by a law that
is tested;
c. that the constitutional rights and/or constitutional authority referred to
is specific (special) and actual or at least potential
that reasonable reasoning can be assured will occur;
d. Due (causal verband) between the loss and
the enactment of the test-moveed Act;
e. It is possible that with the application of the request then
the loss and/or the constitutional authority postured will not
or no longer occur.
Thus, if a person or particular party wants to accepted
as the applicant who has a legal standing (legal standing) in
an Act for testing the Act against the Constitution of 1945, then what
first has to explain and prove:
a. I will qualify as a request for a quo as
under Section 51 of the paragraph (1) of the MK Act;
b. the rights and/or its constitutional authority are deemed to have been harmed
as referenced in the Description of Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the MK Act;
c. The Court's jurisprudence (Decree Case Number
066 /PUU-III/2005 and Perkara Number 011 /PUU-V/2007).
Based on the above description, the House of Representatives views that the applicant must be able to
prove beforehand whether the applicant is correct as a party
assumes that the rights and/or its constitutional authority be harmed
above The applicable law discharges, in particular
in contact with a loss to the rights and/or authority
its constitutionality as a result of the provisions being directed to be tested.
Against legal standing (legal standing), DPR argues
that the Regrettable by the applicant is not a matter of constitutionality
the norm but the problem of applying norms. According to the House view
Norma Article 65 of the KUHAP is not at odds with the constitution, the norm
77
it is necessary to protect the rights of suspects and the accused either
in the process of being encoded or in the proceedings of the proceedings in
the court. However, the House remains fully ceaed to
The chairman/assembly of the mulya Constitutional Court of Justice to
consider and assess whether the applicant has a legal position
(legal standing) as set in Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the MK Act as well as
The Decree of the Constitutional Court of Perkara Number 066 /PUU-III/2005 and Perkara
Number 011 /PUU-V/2007.
2. Test Law No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Events Law (KUHAP)
The applicant in the plea a quo outlines that the right
its constitutionality has been harmed by the enactment of Article 1 of the 26 and
number 27 of the KUHAP associated with Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and
paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP. The formulation of Article 1 figure
26 and the number 27 KUHAP have stockpiled multi commentaries over Article 65 juncto
Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP.
Therefore, according to the applicant, the passages are conditional
inconstitutional (conditionally unconconstitutional), as opposed to
Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution.
Against the applicant's view, the DPR provides the following
:
1) That, in the a quo, the applicant argues that Article 65
and Section 116 of the paragraph (3) of the KUHAP have been in line with due process of the law,
even KUHAP has stepped up more advanced one stage with
requiring investigators to call and examine the witnesses that
benefits it (paragraph 4). Furthermore, the applicant concluded that
the norm has been in line with the rules contained in Article 28D
paragraph (1) of the Constitution of 1945 (vide Plea of number 7 things. 23) and Article 1 of the verse (3)
Constitution of 1945 (vide Petition of the number 20 things. 28).
2) That, according to the applicant, with the formulation of Article 1 of the number 26
and the number 27 KUHAP has obscured the existence of a witness that
benefits as it is set in Section 65 and Section 116 of the paragraph
(3) KUHAP by due the witness ' s understanding in Article 1
number 26 is only limited to the witness of the facts or witnesses of the event (vide
78
A request for 15 things. 26). In other words, the formulation of the definition
about the witness in Article 1 of the number 26 does not accommodate the understanding
extenuating witness and witness a de charge. Similarly,
the understanding of the witness description in Article 1 of the 27 states
that the witness description is a valid tool of evidence regarding an
criminal event that he heard himself, he saw himself and he natural
alone. A witness description like that is not always able
applied to favorable witness and witness a de
charge (vide Plea for 19 things. 28).
3) That against dalil in the a quo application, the DPR does not agree
with the applicant stating that Article 1 is 26 and the figure
27 KUHAP has the weakness of the substance. The DPR also does not agree
if Article 1 is 26 and the number 27 of the KUHAP is stated
the conditional is unconstitutional (conditionally unconconstitutional).
According to the House view, Article 1 of 26 and number 27 of the KUHAP
Actually has no weaknesses in formulating notions
about witnesses (figure 26) and witness accounts (figure 27). Understanding
witnesses and witnesses in Article 1 of Article 1 26 and figure 27
KUHAP must be interpreted to include 3 types of witness category in question
by KUHAP, i.e.: (a) witness of fact or witness events; (b) witness who
advantageous; and (c) witness a de charge. Not just any witnesses
facts or witnesses of events. As such, it can be defined that the third
the type of witness and its interest to be submitted is indeed
must be assessed as having a connection with a criminal event that
is dislodged, either through hearing, viewing or experienced itself.
4) That, the thinking above is in line with the explanation of Article 185 verse (1)
which states that: " In the witness description is not included
the description obtained from another person or the testimonium de auditu".
So, the captions provided by someone who only heard
from someone else (testimonium de auditu or hearsay evidence) is
not a witness description. Article 185 of the paragraph (5) of the KUHAP also confirms
that: "Neither opinion nor recanation, which is derived from the thought alone
is not a witness account". With that limitation
precisely Article 1 number 26 and number 27 of KUHAP is not contradictory
79
rules of Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution that contains warranty rule,
protection, and legal certainty. If any witnesses lighten
the suspect is being interpreted should all be examined by investigators
then it may result in the loss of a suspect from the top legal noose
a criminal offence he has committed. The loss of an offender-
in fact has committed a felony-for receiving
and checking all the witnesses to relieve the suspect.
may negate the principle of assurance, protection, and certainty. laws,
especially protection for both victims and communities in a broad sense.
In other words, if all the witnesses lighten up were filed
the suspect is said to be all checked by an investigator then will
contrary to the constitutional rules as set in Section
28D paragraph (1) of the Constitution Republic of Indonesia in 1945.
5) That, the House does not agree with the Applicant stating
that multi commentaries on Section 65 and Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4)
The KUHAP is caused by the formulation of Article 1 of 26 and the number
27 KUHAP. The investigator's refusal to examine the witnesses lighten and
a de charge that the suspect filed at the investigation level was
a reasonable and logical thing with a note that there was a caption
or sufficient reason. adequate for such refusal. The reason that
suggests the investigator must lead to any or her or her
the link between the witness who is being presented with her whereabouts
in hearing, seeing or experiencing alone. Instead, investigators
should not refuse the extenuating witness who was filed by the suspect
if indeed the witness did hear, see or
experience it alone.
6) That, the House of view is that in a a criminal event that
is a conventional crime (blue collar crime), like theft,
pencopetan, and so on course it would be easy to judge whether
a witness posed as such he heard, look and
experience it on its own. In contrast, in a white collar crime (white
collar crime), such as corruption, heavy human rights violations, money laundering,
and so on will certainly be difficult to judge whether a witness
lighten up and who is It was proposed that he did hear, see
80
and experienced its own. In this case, there is an
investigator to consider and assess whether a witness is easing
and a witness a de charge submitted in connection with or
not with a criminal event. set not to be stuck from
the efforts of a suspect or defendant to disengage from
the legal noose. In this way, Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27
KUHAP is linked to Article 65 and Section 116 of paragraph (3) and paragraph (4)
KUHAP has confirmed the constitutional rule stating that the State
Indonesia is a legal state as formulated in Article 1
paragraph (3) as well as Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution that contains rules
guarantees, protection, and legal certainty. Due to, setting
about awarding opportunities to suspects or defendants for
submitting extenuating witnesses and witnesses a de charge has been in line
with the suspect ' s rights protection principle (protection against
offender). While, naan about the absence of a must for
investigators to examine the submitted witnesses as well
in line with the idea of community protection (protection for victims)
7) That, according to the DPR, witness description, including witness caption
easing and witness a de charge, as one of the evidence tools
as article 184 of the paragraph (1) the letter a KUHAP is not
relevant is associated with the process The investigation. Due to, the description
the witness referred to as a proof tool only the witness ' s caption
was declared at the court hearing. This is in line with Article 185 of the paragraph (1)
KUHAP which states that: "The witness account as a tool of evidence
is what the witness stated at the court hearing". Thus,
the witness 's caption in front of investigators is not a witness' s caption. So it's not
is a piece of evidence. Witness testimony in front of the investigator only as
the judge ' s guidelines to examine the matter in the hearing. With
thus, less precise apablia of the witness description in Article 1
number 27 of the KUHAP is linked to a denial of witness examination
that extents and witnesses a de charge at the investigation level.
The description of the witness description in Article 1 of the 27 KUHAP and
powers as a tool of evidence as referred to as Article 184 of the paragraph (1)
81
the letter a KUHAP is only related to the check in front
the court.
8) That according to the House view, despite some
weaknesses, KUHAP has provided protection against society
to be spared from the arbitrariness of investigators in performing
the investigation action, As in terms of arrest, detention,
foreclosure, and shakedown. In addition, the KUHAP has arranged anyway
that in the criminal dropping that should be supported by a minimum of 2 tools
valid evidence. It is set in Section 183 of KUHAP stating
that: "Judge must not drop criminal to someone except
if with at least two valid evidence tools he
obtained the conviction that A criminal activity actually occurred and
that the guilty ointest did it". That setting
will bring the judicial consequences for investigators in setting
a person being a suspect should certainly be supported by a minimum of 2 tools
proof. So, investigators ca n' t be arbitrary to set
someone becomes a suspect. KUHAP has also set up that
before the investigation does, in certain things first
must be an inquiry.
9) That based on the facts and explanations were anointed
DPR suggest that Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27 juncto Section 65
juncto Section 116 paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a
KUHAP does not conflict with Article 1 of paragraph (3) and Section 28D
paragraph (1) UUD 1945.
Thus, the House pleads if the Chairman/Assembly of the Constitution of the Constitution
His majesty gives an amar the verdict as follows:
1. Stating that a quo was rejected for all or at least
certifiable a quo could not be accepted;
2. The DPR's description was accepted for the whole;
3. Represents Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27 juncto Section 65 juncto Section 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 paragraph (1) the letter a KUHAP is not
in conflict with Article 1 of the paragraph (3) and Section 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution;
82
4. Represents Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27 juncto Section 65 juncto Section 116
paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) the letter a KUHAP still has
the power of the law is binding.
[2.5] weighed that for shortening the description in this ruling,
everything that happens in the trial is quite appointed in the news of the event
the trial, which is one unseparable unity with
this verdict;
3. LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS
[3.1] weighed that the intent and purpose of the applicant's plea was
to test the constitutionality of the articles in Act No. 8
In 1981 on the Law of Criminal Events (Sheet) Country of the Republic of Indonesia
Year 1981 No. 76 and Additional Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia
No. 3209, subsequently called the Penal Code Law or
abbreviated KUHAP), stated:
Article 1 of the number 26:
" The witness is a person who can provide a statement to interest
the investigation, prosecution and the judiciary about a criminal case that he
hears for himself, he saw himself and he experienced himself. "
Article 1 of number 27:
" The witness stand is one of the evidence in the criminal case
with witnesses regarding a criminal event that he
hears himself, he sees it himself and It's self-natural for the reason
of that knowledge. "
Section 65:
"The suspect or defendant is entitled to try and submit
witnesses and or someone who has special expertise to provide
a favorable description for him."
83
Section 116 paragraph (3):
"In the suspect's examination is asked if he intends to hear it
witnesses that could benefit for him and when there is then it
noted in the news of the event."
Section 116 paragraph (4):
"In terms of referred to in paragraph (3) the mandatory investigator calls
and examine the witness."
Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a:
" The valid proof tool is: a. a witness description;
against the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 (UUD
1945), which states:
Article 1 of the paragraph (3):
"The State of Indonesia is a legal state."
Article 27 paragraph (1):
"All citizens simultaneously in law and
governance and shall uphold the law and governance with
there is no exception."
Article 28D paragraph (1):
"Everyone is entitled to recognition, assurance, protection, and certainty
fair laws as well as the same treatment before the law"
Article 28H paragraph (2):
" Everyone entitled to a special ease and treatment for
obtain the same opportunities and benefits to achieve
equation and fairness. "
Article 28I paragraph (2):
"Everyone is entitled to be free from the discriminatory treatment of
any basis and deserve protection against the treatment
that discriminates is."
Article 28I paragraph (4):
"Protection, submission, enforcement, and fulfillment of human rights
is the responsibility of the state, especially the government."
84
Article 28I paragraph (5):
" To enforce and protect human rights in accordance with
principles of democratic law state, then the implementation of fundamental rights
humans are guaranteed, regulated, and poured in the rules of the invite-
invitation "
That the applicant postulate the witness definition set in the sections
KUHAP a quo detrired to the applicant because the notions resulted in
The applicant cannot submit a witness to relieve (a de charges) that not
hears, sees, and experiences alone events that are dismay or
dismayed, nor the potential are required or disappointed to
The applicant;
[3.2] A draw that before considering the subject matter,
Constitutional Court (hereafter called Court) first would
consider:
a. Court authority to check, prosecute, and disconnect
plea a quo;
b. legal (legal standing) applicant to apply for
a quo;
Constitutional authority
[3.3] weighing that under Section 24C of the paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution and
Article 10 of the paragraph (1) letter a Law Number 24 of 2003 on
Constitutional Court (State Gazette Indonesia Year 2003 number
98, Additional Gazette Republic of Indonesia Number 4316)
as amended by the Act No. 8 Year 2011 on
Change of Law Number 24 Year 2003 about the Constitutional Court
Constitution (Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia in 2011 No. 70,
Additional leaf of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5226, next
called the MK Act), as well as Article 29 paragraph (1) of the letter No. 48 Year
2009 on the Power of Justice (State Sheet of the Republic of Indonesia
in 2009 number 157, Additional Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Number
5076, subsequently called Act 48/2009), one of the constitutional authorities
85
The court is prosecuting at the first and last rate of its verdict
is final to test the Act against the Basic Law;
[3.4] Draw that by due to the request of the applicant is to
test the constitutionality of the norm in Article 1 of 26 and
number 27; Article 65; Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4); as well as Section 184 of the paragraph (1)
letter a KUHAP against UUD 1945, which became one of the authority
Court, then the Court is authorized to examine, prosecute, and
disconnect a quo;
The Legal Standing (Legal Standing) The applicant
[3.5] weighed that under Article 51 of the paragraph (1) MK Act and
The explanation, which may apply for testing the Act
against the Constitution of 1945 is those who consider the rights and/or authority
the constitutionality given by the 1945 Constitution is harmed by the enactment of a
Act, i.e.:
a. Individual citizens of Indonesia (including groups of people
have common interests);
b. the unity of the indigenous law society as long as it is alive and in accordance with
the development of the society and the principle of the Republic of the Republic of Indonesia
which is set in Undang-Undang;
c. the public or private legal entity; or
d. state agencies;
Thus, the applicant in testing the Act against the UUD
1945 must explain and prove first:
a. The position of the applicant, as referred to as Article 51 of the paragraph (1) of the Act
MK;
b. the constitutional rights and/or constitutional authority granted by the Constitution
1945 resulting from the enactment of the legislation
testing;
[3.6] In a draw that the Court has since the Court's ruling
Constitution Number 006 /PUU-III/2005 dated 31 May 2005 and the ruling
Constitutional Court Number 11 /PUU-V/2007 dated September 20, 2007,
86
and subsequent rulings establish that the loss of rights and/or
constitutional authority as referred to as Article 51 of Article 51 (1) of the MK Act
must meet five conditions, that is:
a. the rights and/or constitutional authority of the applicant given by
Constitution of 1945;
b. The rights and/or constitutional authority by the applicant are considered
aggrieved by the enactment of the legislation, which the testing is required;
c the constitutional loss must be specific (special) and actual or
At least a potential that according to reasonable reasoning can be confirmed
will occur;
d. A causal link (causal verband) between the intended loss
and the applicable law-moveed act;
e. It is possible that with the request of a request then
constitutional losses such as those that are postulate shall not or no longer occur;
[3.7] Draw that based on the description as
paragraph [3.5] and [3.6] above, further the Court will consider the legal standing (legal standing) the applicant in the a quo
as follows:
[3.7.1] That the applicant is postulate as Individual citizens of Indonesia who have the constitutional right to be set up. in Section 1 paragraph (3);
Article 27 paragraph (1); Article 28D paragraph (1); Section 28H paragraph (2); Section 28I paragraph (2); Article
28I paragraph (4); and Section 28I paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution, is harmed by the effect
provisions of Article 1 of the number 26 and the number 27 is linked to Section 65 juncto
Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) juncto Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP;
[3.7.2] That by basing the Article 51 of the paragraph (1) MK Act and the Court's ruling about legal standing (legal standing) as well as
associated with loss-control The constitutionality experienced by the applicant,
according to the Court, the applicant has a constitutional right to be harmed by
the enactment of the rules that the testing is being asked for. The loss is
specific and there is a causal link (causal verband) between the loss
referred to the enactment of the testing Act;
Thus, the Court argued. The applicant has a position
law (legal standing) to apply for a quo;
87
[3.8] Draw that by the case the court checks,
prosecute, and discharges a quo, and the applicant has a position
law (legal standing) then the Court will be in place. considering
subject matter;
Court opinion
Subject to
[3.9] weighed that the subject of the applicant is testing
Article 1 of 26 and number 27; Article 65; Section 116 of paragraph (3) and paragraph (4); and
Section 184 of paragraph (1) of the letter a KUHAP against UUD 1945;
[3.10] Considering that under the request of the applicant,
the government, the House of Representatives, and the facts revealed in
the court, the legal issue that the Court should consider
is about i) witness submission; ii) plea of witness submission by
suspects and defendants; iii) witness calls; and iv) authority assessing
relevance of the testimony. To answer the legal issue of the Court
give consideration as follows:
[3.11] Balanced That essentially the criminal event law contains the norm-
the norms that balance between the interests of the individual law and the
the legal interests of society as well as the state, as it is essentially in
the criminal laws, individuals and/or communities facing directly with
the state. This relationship puts the individual and/or society at the position
the weaker one. In this case, criminal event law serves to limit
state powers exercised by investigators, investigators, attorneys general,
and judges, in the criminal justice process against individuals and/or
societies, especially suspects and defendants involved in the process;
[3.12] weighed that a person ' s rights remain attached to him
although he has been designated as a suspect or a defendant. Because of that
in a legal state, the criminal event law is positioned as a tool for
the execution of a legal process is fair (due process of law) for the sake of
respect for human rights, which among other covering efforts
88
protection against arbitrary acts of state official,
granting assurances to the suspect and defendant to defend themselves
fully, the application of the presumption of the presumption is not guilty, as well as the application of asas
equality before the law;
[3.13] Draw that regarding the meaning of "witness" as referred to
by Article 1 of the 26 and figures 27 juncto section 65, Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and the paragraph
(4), as well as Section 184 of the paragraph (1) the letter a KUHAP, based on interpretation according to
language (grammatical) and Paying attention to other articles in
KUHAP, is a person who can provide information in the interests
the investigation, prosecution, and the court of a criminal offense that he
hears for himself, he sees He's alone, and he's alone. Concise, the Court
assessing the witness referred to by the KUHAP is the only person
to hear, view, and experience the events of the disspacing or
dismayed;
According to the Court, the understanding of the witness which is advantageous in Article 65
KUHAP cannot be construed narrowly by referring to Article 1
figure 26 and number 27 KUHAP only. The definition of the witness as stated
in Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27 of the KUHAP gives the restriction even
eliminates the opportunity for the suspect or defendant to submit
a favorable witness for him due to the phrase "he hears himself, he sees himself
and he naturally himself" requires that only witnesses who hear themselves,
see for themselves, and experience themselves an act/criminal act that can
be filed as a witness. The benefit Whereas, the context of the proof
the cage or indictment is not only to prove whether the suspect or
the defendant commits or complies with certain crimes; but
includes also proving that one The action/crime is true-
true to happen. In the context of a proof whether an action/criminal
actually happens; and proof whether a suspect or a defendant really
commits or engaged in action/a criminal offense, an alibi witness role
becomes important, though he does not hear himself, he does not see himself, and
he does not experience his own actions/crimes committed by
a suspect or a defendant;
The formulation of the witness in Article 1 of the 26 and the number 27 KUHAP does not include
understanding eyewitness accounts, and is generally disavowed anyway the existence of a witness type
89
another that can be classed as a favorable witness (a de charge)
for a suspect or a defendant, among others, a witness whose testimony is needed
to clarify the witness testimony previous;
Therefore, according to the Court, the significance of the witness is not located at
whether he saw, heard, or experienced himself a criminal event,
but in the relevance of his testimony with the criminal case which medium
processed;
[3.14] It is balanced that it is related to whose problem Which
has the authority to assess whether a suspect filed or
the defendant has any relevance to a cage or an indictment, the court
argues that the investigator is not justified to assess expert adverts and/or
witnesses who benefit a suspect or a defendant, before actually
call and check the expert and/or the witness is concerned;
The court assessees, the investigator ' s obligation to call and check the witnesses
that favorable for suspect not in pairs with authority
investigators to assess whether a proposed witness has relevance or not
with a criminal case which is dislodged, before the witness is referred to and
checked (listen to his testimony). Similarly to the attorney's authority
The public prosecutor and the judge to assess the relevance of the new witness description may
be done after the call and hearing of the witness filed
suspect or defendant, for next determine whether the suspect
meets all the criminal acts and its status is worth enhanced to
the defendant;
[3.15] Draw that, according to the Court, arrangement or understanding
the witness in the KUHAP, as set in motled sections
testing gives rise to understanding which is multitaft and violates the lex certa
as well as the principle lex stricta as a common asas in the establishment of an invite-
criminal invitation. The provision of multitaplaw in criminal event law may
result in legal uncertainty for citizens, because in law
the criminal event is dealing between investigators, the public prosecutor, and the judge who
has the authority to checking with suspects or defendants who
reserves the right to obtain legal protection;
90
Thus, the terms of the summoning and the witness examination and/or expert
are favorable to the suspect or defendant, as set in
Section 65 juncto Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4) KUHAP, must be interpreted to be
done not only in the trial stage in court, but also in
the investigation stage. Enforce the right of the suspect or the defendant to submit
(call and check) the witness and/or expert favorable to the self
the suspect or the defendant at the inquiry stage, and only call the witnesses
benefits on the trial stage in advance of the court alone, it is
a violation of Article 1 of paragraph (3) and Section 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution;
The witness submission and/or expert, which is the right of a suspect or a defendant, on the other
is another obligations for investigators, public prosecution, nor judges for
calling and examining witnesses and/or expert a quo. It is a part
and the application of the due process of law principle in the criminal justice process,
and the efforts of realizing fair legal certainty in a state of law.
Yet Thus, it must remain noted that the submission of witnesses or experts that
benefits the suspect or the defendant in the criminal justice process
not to preclude the criminal justice of the law. Despite the rights of the suspect
or the accused is protected by the criminal event law but remains to be noticed
the boundaries of the state and also of public legal interest are represented by
the country;
[3.16] Draws That Regarding the request of the applicant on
the constitutional implications and the judiciary to the investigator on the Attorney General
The Republic of Indonesia is examining the applicant to call and check
The favorable witnesses who requested by Applicant Namely Megawati
Soekarnoputri, HM Jusuf Kalla, Kwik Kian Gie, and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono,
according to the Court is a concrete case that is not an
Court authority, therefore the request of the applicant is not
reasoned the law;
[3.17] Draw that based on Such considerations are in
up, the Court argues for Article 1 of 26 and number 27; Section 65; Article
116 paragraph (3) and paragraph (4); Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a KUHAP contradictory to
Constitution of 1945 along a witness understanding in Article 1 of 26 and number 27;
Article 65; Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4); Section 184 paragraph (1) of the letter a KUHAP, not
91
is defined as well " a person who can provide a description in order
the investigation, prosecution, and the trial of a criminal offense that is not always he
hear himself, he sees it himself and he is naturally ". As for a plea in addition to
and the rest is uncalled for law;
4. KONKLUSI
Based on the assessment of the facts and laws as described in
above, the Court concluded:
[4.1] The court is authorized to examine, prosecute, and disconnect
a request;
[4.2] The applicant has a legal standing (legal standing) to submit
a request;
[4.3] The application is proven by law for some;
Based on the Basic Law of the Republic of the Republic of Indonesia Year
1945, Act No. 24 of 2003 on Constitutional Court
(sheet state of the Republic of Indonesia in 2003 No. 98, additional
sheet of state of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4316) as amended
with Act No. 8 of 2011 on Changes to the Invite-
Invite Number 24 Years 2003 on the Constitutional Court (State Sheet
Republic of Indonesia Year 2011 Number 70, Additional Gazette Republican States
Indonesia Number 5226), and Act No. 48 of 2009 on
The Power of Justice (Sheet Country Republic Of Indonesia Year 2009 Number
157, Additional State Sheet Republic of Indonesia No. 5076);
5. AMAR RULING
prosecute,
states:
In the case of the case:
granting the applicant's request for a portion;
92
Declared Article 1 of 26 and number 27; Article 65; Section 116 of paragraph (3)
and paragraph (4); and Article 184 of paragraph (1) of the Law No. 8
Year 1981 on the Law of Criminal Events (Republic of State Sheet
Indonesia Year 1981 Number 76 and Additional Sheet States
Republic of Indonesia Number 3209) is contrary to the Invite-
Invite the State of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 to the extent
the understanding of the witnesses in Article 1 of the number 26 and figure 27; Section 65; Article
116 paragraph (3) and paragraph (4); Section 184 paragraph (1) of the letter a Law
No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Events Law (State Sheet
Republic of Indonesia in 1981 No. 76 and Additional Sheet
State of the Republic of Indonesia No. 3209), was not defined as well
" people
the prosecution, and the trial of a criminal that he does not always hear
himself, he saw himself and he experienced himself ";
Declaring Article 1 of the number 26 and number 27; Article 65; Section 116 of the paragraph (3)
and paragraph (4); as well as Section 184 of the paragraph (1) of the letter Law No. 8
In 1981 on the Law of Criminal Events (Republican Gazette
Indonesia Year 1981 Number 76 and Additional Sheet States
Republic of Indonesia Number 3209) did not have legal powers
binding To the extent of the witness sense in Article 1 of 26 and the numbers
27; Section 65; Section 116 of the paragraph (3) and paragraph (4); Section 184 of the paragraph (1) letter a
Act No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Events Law
(State Sheet) Republic of Indonesia Year 1981 No. 76 and
Additional Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia No. 76 3209), not
is interpreted as well " the person who can provide the caption
the investigation frame, prosecution, and judicial of a criminal offense
not always he heard it himself, he saw it himself and he natural alone ";
The charge of this ruling in the Republic News of the Republic
Indonesia as it should;
Reject the applicant's request for other than and the rest;
So it was decided at the Consultative Meeting Judge by
nine Justices of the Constitution, namely Moh. Mahfud MD., as Chairman of the Board
Member, Achmad Sodiki, Harjono, Ahmad Fadlil Sumadi, Muhammad Alim, Anwar
93
Usman, Hamdan Zoelva, Maria Farida Indrati, and M. Akil Mochtar, on the day
Tuesday, the two-month August year of the two thousand eleven and spoken in
The Plenary Session of the Constitutional Court is open to the public on the day Monday, the date
eight months August of the year two thousand eleven by the nine Justices of the Constitution,
that is Moh. Mahfud MD., as the Chief of the Members, Achmad Sodiki,
Harjono, Ahmad Fadlil Sumadi, Muhammad Alim, Anwar Usman, Hamdan Zoelva,
Maria Farida Indrati, and M. Akil Mochtar, respectively as Members,
with a present by Mardian Wibowo as a Penitera Panitera, as well as
attended by the applicant and the Government or who represents, without the presence of the Board
The People's Representative or who represents.
CHAIRMAN,
ttd.
Moh. -Mahfud MD.
MEMBERS,
ttd.
Achmad Sodiki
ttd.
Harjono
ttd.
Ahmad Fadlil Sumadi
ttd.
Muhammad Alim
ttd.
Anwar Usman
ttd.
Hamdan Zoelva
ttd.
Maria Farida Indrati
ttd.
M. Akil Mochtar
94
PANITERA REPLACEMENT,
ttd.
Mardian Wibowo