Regulation on the protection of employees against hazards caused by electromagnetic fields (occupational safety regulation on electromagnetic fields-EMFV)
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EMFV
Date of completion: 15.11.2016
Full quote:
" Occupational Safety Regulation on electromagnetic fields of 15 November 2016 (BGBl. I p. 2531) "
Footnote
(+ + + Rejected text not yet documented + + +)
The V was decided as Article 1 of the V v. 15.11.2016 I 2531 by the Federal Government with the consent of the Federal Council. She's gem. Art. 4 of this V entered into force on 19.11.2016.
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Content Summary
Section 1Scope
and definitions
| § 1 |
Scope |
| § 2 |
Definitions |
Section 2Risk assessment;
Qualified persons; measurements,
Calculations and evaluations
| § 3 |
Risk assessment |
| § 4 |
Expert persons; Measurements, calculations and evaluations |
Section 3Exposition limit values and
Trigger thresholds; stipulations
for protection against hazards
by electromagnetic field subsection 1Exposition limit values and trigger thresholds;
General provisions on protection
Hazards caused by electromagnetic fields
| § 5 |
Exposure limit values and trigger thresholds for electromagnetic fields |
| § 6 |
Measures to prevent and reduce the risks of workers from electromagnetic fields |
Subsection 2 Special provisions for protection
Hazards due to static magnetic fields
| § 7 |
Special provisions for exceeding the exposure limit values for sensory effects in static magnetic field activities over 2 Tesla |
| § 8 |
Special stipulations for exceeding the release thresholds for the projectile effect of ferromagnetic objects in the stray field of installations with a high static magnetic field (> 100 millitesla) |
| § 9 |
Special stipulations for exceeding the upper release threshold for influencing implanted active or body-borne medical devices in static magnetic fields |
Subsection 3 Special provisions for protection
Hazards caused by electromagnetic fields
in the frequency range from 0 hertz to 10 megahertz
| § 10 |
Special specifications for exceeding of the lower release thresholds for external electrical fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz |
| § 11 |
Special specifications for exceeding of the upper release thresholds for external electrical fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz |
| § 12 |
Special specifications for the exceeding of the lower release thresholds for magnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz |
| § 13 |
Special provisions for the crossing of the trigger thresholds for contact currents in contact with contact |
| § 14 |
Special provisions for exceeding the exposure limit values for sensory effects in the frequency range up to 400 Hertz |
Subsection 4 Special provisions for protection
Hazards caused by electromagnetic fields
in the frequency range from 100 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz
| § 15 |
Special provisions for exceeding the trigger thresholds for electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz |
| § 16 |
Special provisions for the overshooting of the trigger thresholds for stationary contact currents or induced currents through the limbs in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 110 megahertz |
| § 17 |
Special specifications for exceeding the exposure limit value of the local specific energy absorption for sensory effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.3 gigahertz to 6 gigahertz (microwave hearing) |
Subsection 5 Special provisions for protection
Hazards caused by electromagnetic fields
medical applications of magnetic resonance imaging
| § 18 |
Special provisions for the exceedation of exposure limit values in medical applications of magnetic resonance imaging |
Section 4Instruction of the
Employees; consulting by
the Committee on Operational Safety
| § 19 |
Training of employees |
| § 20 |
Advice by the Committee on Safety of Operational Safety |
Section 5Ausrevenue; Crime
and administrative offences
| Section 21 |
Exceptions |
| Section 22 |
Offences and regularties |
| Annex 1 |
Physical quantities related to exposure to electromagnetic fields |
| Annex 2 |
Non-thermal effects: exposure limit values and triggering thresholds for static and time-varying electrical and magnetic fields in the frequency range up to 10 MHz |
| Annex 3 |
Thermal effects: exposure limit values and tripping thresholds for time-varying electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 GHz |
Section 1
Scope and definitions
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§ 1 Scope
(1) This Regulation shall apply to the protection of workers in the work of actual or possible hazards to their health and safety by the action of electromagnetic fields. (2) This Regulation shall include all known direct and indirect effects caused by electromagnetic fields. This Regulation shall apply only to the short-term effects of electromagnetic fields. (3) This Regulation shall not apply.
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for hazards caused by the touching of electrical parts under tension,
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for suspected long-term effects of electromagnetic fields and
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in establishments which are subject to the Bundesberggesetz (Federal Mining Act) to the extent that appropriate legislation exists there or in the legal regulations adopted pursuant to this Act.
(4) The Federal Ministry of Defence may grant exemptions from the provisions of this Regulation for employees for which there are actual or potential hazards to their health and safety by electromagnetic fields, to the extent that: public concerns, in particular for the purposes of defence or the fulfilment of the obligations of the Federal Republic of Germany in the field of international law. In this case, it is necessary to lay down the ways in which the safety and health of workers can be guaranteed in a different way under this Regulation.
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§ 2 Definitions
(1) For the purposes of this Regulation, the definitions set out in paragraphs 2 to 10 shall apply. (2) Electromagnetic fields shall be static electrical, static magnetic, and time-changing electrical, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, with Frequencies up to 300 gigahertz. (3) Direct effects are the effects directly induced in the human body by its presence in an electromagnetic field. These include:
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thermal effects due to energy absorption from electromagnetic fields in human tissue or induced body currents in extremities and
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non-thermal effects due to the stimulation of muscles, nerves or sensory organs. These effects may adversely affect cognitive functions or the physical health of exposed workers, resulting in temporary symptoms such as dizziness or magnetophosphorus, as a result of the stimulation of sensory organs, and influence the capacity of perception or other brain or muscle functions and thus endanger the safe work of employees.
(4) Indirect effects are the effects of an electromagnetic field on objects which may endanger the health and safety of workers in the workplace. This applies in particular to hazards caused by
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Effects on medical devices or devices, including pacemakers, as well as other active or passive implants or medical devices worn on the body;
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the projectile-effect of ferromagnetic objects in static magnetic fields;
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the triggering of electrical ignition devices (detonators);
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Fires or explosions caused by the inflammation of combustible materials due to spark formation, as well as
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Contact currents.
(5) Exposition limits are maximum permitted levels established on the basis of scientifically proven effects in the interior of the human body and whose compliance is not directly verifiable by measurements at the workplace. The following exposure limit values shall be distinguished:
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exposure limit values for health effects, which are those limits when they are likely to cause a health-damaging tissue heating or stimulation of nerves or muscle tissue;
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exposure limit values for sensory effects; these are those limit values when they may be exceeded reversible stimulations of sensory cells or minor changes in brain functions (magnetophosphorus, dizziness, Nausea, metallic flavor, microwave hearing).
(6) trigger thresholds are defined values of directly measurable physical quantities. In the case of trigger thresholds derived from exposure limit values, compliance with these trigger thresholds means that the corresponding exposure limit values shall not be exceeded. In the event of exposure above these trigger thresholds, measures shall be taken to protect workers, unless the relevant exposure limit values are demonstrably complied with. In the case of trigger thresholds which are not derived from exposure limit values, measures for the protection of employees shall be carried out directly if these trigger thresholds are exceeded. In the frequency range from 0 hertz to 10 megahertz, it is possible to distinguish between the lower and the upper tripping thresholds:
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in the case of electric fields, the expressions lower trigger threshold and upper trigger threshold designate the values, as from the exceeding of which specific measures to avoid direct and indirect effects caused by discharges or contact currents according to § 6 the first paragraph shall be taken; and
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in the case of magnetic fields, the lower tripping threshold is derived from the exposure limit value for sensory effects and the upper trigger threshold is derived from the exposure limit value for health effects.
(7) Employees in particular in need of protection are, in particular, employees
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with active medical implants, in particular cardiac pacemakers,
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with passive medical implants,
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with medical devices worn on the body, in particular insulin pumps,
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with other foreign bodies that can be influenced by electromagnetic fields in the body or
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with reduced thermoregulation.
(8) It is appropriate to know who has the necessary expertise to perform a task defined in this Regulation. The requirements for the subject-matter are dependent on the respective type of task. The requirements include a corresponding vocational training or professional experience in combination with a relevant professional activity in a timely manner, as well as participation in specific training measures. (9) State of the art is the state of development of advanced procedures, facilities or modes of operation which makes it possible to ensure the practical suitability of a measure to protect the health and safety of workers. In the determination of the state of the art, comparable methods, devices or operating modes are to be used in particular, which have been tested successfully in practice. The same applies to the requirements for occupational medicine and working hygiene. (10) Employees are persons within the meaning of Section 2 (2) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act. The persons employed shall be equal to the following persons, provided that they may be exposed to electromagnetic fields in their activities:
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Pupils,
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Students and interns as well as
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other persons, in particular those active in scientific establishments.
The provisions of this Regulation on the participation of staff representatives shall not apply to persons of the same type as persons who are employed. (11) The physical quantities used in this Regulation shall be those contained in Annex 1. Definitions should be used.
Section 2
Risk assessment; expert persons; measurements, calculations and assessments
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§ 3 Risk assessment
(1) In assessing the working conditions in accordance with § 5 of the German Labour Protection Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz), the employer must first determine whether electromagnetic fields may occur or occur at the workplace of employees. If this is the case, it has to assess all the hazards to the health and safety of workers. For this purpose, the occurring exposures are to be determined and evaluated by electromagnetic fields in the workplace according to the state of the art. In particular, the employees shall be deemed to be at risk if the exposure limit values set out in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3 are exceeded. The employer may obtain information necessary for the risk assessment of the economic operator, in particular with the manufacturer or the placing on the market of the working equipment used, or of other sources which are not accessible to the public. . The information shall include, in particular, the emission values available for the working equipment used and other appropriate safety-related data, including specific information on the risk assessment, if the risk assessment is applied to the Exposure conditions at the workplace are applicable. Results from exposure assessments of areas accessible to the public may be taken into account in the risk assessment if the exposure limit values set out in § 5 in conjunction with the Annexes 2 and 3 are complied with and safe work is guaranteed. If it is not possible to determine, on the basis of the information available, whether the exposure limit values set out in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3 are complied with, the extent of exposure shall be based on calculations or measurements in accordance with § 4 to determine. In accordance with the outcome of the risk assessment, the employer shall establish measures in accordance with the state of the art. (2) In the event of compliance with the release thresholds in accordance with § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3, the employer may assume that: the exposure limit values referred to in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3 are complied with, and thus no further measures pursuant to Article 6 (1) for the protection of employees from risks arising from direct effects of electromagnetic fields. Hazards due to indirect effects must be considered separately. (3) If the trigger thresholds are exceeded in accordance with § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3, and in the context of the risk assessment as referred to in paragraph 1, it will not be proof of the risk of , the employer shall, in order to avoid or reduce hazards caused by the exceeding of the relevant exposure limit values, or that hazards may be excluded from the indirect effects of electromagnetic fields, of the risk referred to in the first sentence of paragraph 1 shall be determined in accordance with the state of the art. (4) The risk assessment referred to in paragraph 1 shall, in particular, take account of:
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the nature, extent and duration of exposure to electromagnetic fields, including the spatial distribution of electromagnetic fields in the workplace and the body of the person employed,
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the frequencies and, if necessary, the signal curve of the electromagnetic fields acting on them,
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all direct and indirect effects of electromagnetic fields, which may lead to hazards,
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the exposure limit values for health and sensory effects referred to in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3, and the trigger thresholds;
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the availability and possibility of using alternative means of work and equipment to prevent or reduce the risks of workers by means of direct or indirect effects of electromagnetic fields; (substitution test),
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findings from occupational health care and generally accessible, published information;
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the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields from multiple sources,
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the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields with multiple frequencies,
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the relevant manufacturer ' s information on work equipment producing or emitting electromagnetic fields, as well as other relevant health and safety related information,
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the conditions of work and exposure, which may occur in different operating conditions, in particular in the case of maintenance and repair work and in the case of installation operations, and
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all the effects on the health and safety of particularly vulnerable workers, in particular where the employer is aware of this.
(5) Before taking up an activity, the employer shall carry out the risk assessment and the necessary measures in accordance with the state of the art. The risk assessment and the effectiveness of the measures derived therefrom shall be reviewed on a regular basis. The risk assessment and the measures shall be updated if:
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New safety or health-related findings, in particular from occupational health care, are available,
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relevant changes in working conditions, or
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the verification of the effectiveness of the measures has shown that the measures are not effective or inadequate.
(6) The employer shall, irrespective of the number of persons employed, document the risk assessment prior to the commencing of the activity in accordance with the second sentence, in a form which allows for subsequent inspection. The documentation shall indicate the hazards which may arise in the workplace and the measures to be taken to prevent or reduce the risks to workers. The documentation may include a justification for the employer as to why only a simplified risk assessment has been carried out due to the nature and scope of the possible risks arising from electromagnetic fields. The employer shall keep the results from measurements or calculations after the preparation in conjunction with the sentence 5 in a form which allows for subsequent inspection. Where the upper release thresholds for non-thermal or thermal effects as set out in Annexes 2 and 3 are exceeded at workplaces, the results obtained from measurements or calculations shall be kept for at least 20 years. (7) In accordance with Section 4 (6) of the Employment Protection Act, the employer shall take into account the requirements of particularly vulnerable employees in accordance with the outcome of the risk assessment and shall determine the measures referred to in the first sentence of paragraph 1, and where appropriate, individual protective measures.
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§ 4 Persons Skilled In The Art; Measurements, Calculations and Reviews
(1) The employer shall ensure that the risk assessment, the measurements, the calculations or the assessments according to the state of the art referred to in paragraph 2 are planned and carried out expertly. If the employer does not have the appropriate knowledge himself, he has to be advised by qualified persons. (2) Measurement methods and equipment as well as any necessary calculation and evaluation procedures must be
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be adapted to the existing workplace and exposure conditions,
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be able to determine the physical quantities required in order to determine whether the exposure limit values and trigger thresholds are complied with in accordance with § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3, and
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shall take into account the measurement or calculation uncertainties.
(3) In the low frequency range, methods for evaluation in the time domain according to the state of the art, such as the method of weighted peak values, can be used as evaluation methods for non-sinusoidal or pulsed electromagnetic fields. (4) The measurements, calculations or evaluations to be carried out can also be carried out by means of representative sample surveys in the case of similar workplace conditions.
Section 3
Exposure limit values and trigger thresholds; stipulations for protection against hazards caused by electromagnetic fields
Subsection 1
Exposure limit values and trigger thresholds; general provisions to protect against hazards caused by electromagnetic fields
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§ 5 Exposure Limit Values and Triggering Thresholds for electromagnetic fields
Exposure limit values and trigger thresholds for electromagnetic fields shall be laid down in Annexes 2 and 3. The associated physical quantities are set out in Annex 1.
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§ 6 Measures to prevent and reduce the risks of employees by electromagnetic fields
(1) The employer shall carry out the measures defined in accordance with Article 3 (1), sentence 9, in accordance with the state of the art, in order to exclude or to reduce as far as possible any risks to employees. For this purpose, the formation and propagation of electromagnetic fields according to the state of the art are to be prevented or reduced primarily at the source. The employer shall ensure that the exposure limit values set out in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3 are complied with and that risks arising from direct and indirect effects of electromagnetic fields are avoided or reduced and thus a safe work is guaranteed. Technical measures take precedence over organisational and personal measures. Appropriate personal protective equipment shall be used when technical and organisational measures are not sufficient or are not applicable. (2) The measures referred to in paragraph 1 shall include in particular:
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alternative working methods, which avoid or reduce hazards caused by electromagnetic fields,
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Selection, use and mode of operation of work equipment which, taking into account the activities to be carried out, emit to a lesser extent electromagnetic fields,
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technical measures to reduce the risks caused by electromagnetic fields, if necessary also by means of shields, locking or other safety devices,
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appropriate demarcations and access control measures, in particular warning signs, signals, markings, markings or barriers,
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in the case of electric fields, measures and procedures for the avoidance or minimisation of electrical discharges or contact currents,
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adequate maintenance programmes and controls on work equipment, workplaces and installations,
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the design and establishment of workplaces and workplaces,
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organizational measures to limit the extent and duration of exposure,
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Selection and use of appropriate personal protective equipment as well as
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the use of the work equipment in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
(3) The employer shall have work areas in which the trigger thresholds for electromagnetic fields as set out in Annexes 2 and 3 are exceeded, or areas of work with hazards to particularly vulnerable employees in accordance with sentence 2. flag. The marking must be clearly recognizable and durable. It may in particular be provided by warning, hint and additional signs, as well as prohibitions and warning lights. The employer shall limit the work areas concerned for the duration of the activity and shall restrict access, where appropriate. In these areas, employees may only take action if the working procedure so requires. Paragraph 1 shall remain unaffected.
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Areas of work must not be identified where access is restricted in a suitable manner and the employees are adequately instructed.
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In the case of work areas with public places of work, a label referred to in the first sentence below the upper trigger threshold set out in Annex 2, Table A2.10, shall not be required if, in accordance with the risk assessment in accordance with Section 3, for the Workers working with active implants or medical devices carried on the body are guaranteed safe work and the workers concerned have been subjected to the hazards due to electromagnetic fields .
(4) The exposure limit values for sensory effects referred to in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3 may only be exceeded if:
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the excess is limited to short-term individual events under defined operating conditions;
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no suitable alternative working methods are available in which the exposure of workers can be minimised or eliminated,
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the special provisions are implemented in accordance with § § 7, 14, 17 and 18; and
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safe work is ensured by the fact that, after the implementation of the measures laid down in accordance with the outcome of the risk assessment, hazards are excluded from direct and indirect effects.
(5) The exposure limit values for health effects referred to in § 5 in conjunction with Annexes 2 and 3 may be exceeded in the case of medical applications of magnetic resonance imaging procedures if the special provisions are implemented in accordance with § 18 (6) If, by way of derogation from paragraphs 4 and 5, the exposure limit values for sensory or health effects are exceeded, the employer shall immediately determine the reasons for and take further measures under paragraph 2 in order to: To reduce exposure to a value below exposure limit values and to re-establish a new If the exposure limit values are not exceeded. (7) In spite of all measures carried out in the case of employees, if temporary symptoms are found, the employer shall immediately assess the risk assessment and the sentence of § 3 (1) sentence 9 , to review and, if necessary, update the measures adopted to protect workers. Transient symptoms may include:
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effects caused by the movement in the static magnetic field, in particular dizziness or nausea,
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sense sensations caused by time-varying electromagnetic fields, in particular magnetophosphenes or microwave hearing, as well as effects on the parts of the central nervous system located in the head, or
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Effects caused by discharges or contact currents in electromagnetic fields.
Subsection 2
Special stipulations for protection against hazards due to static magnetic fields
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§ 7 Special provisions for exceeding the exposure limit values for sensory effects in the case of static magnetic field activities exceeding 2 Tesla
If the exposure limit value for sensory effects is exceeded under normal working conditions in the static magnetic field via 2 Tesla in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.1, the employer shall ensure that:
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exposure in the workplace affects only the limbs of the employees and a hazardous exposure of the head and hull is excluded, or
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after the implementation of the defined measures in accordance with the risk assessment in accordance with § 3
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the exceeding of the exposure limit values for sensory effects referred to in Annex 2, Tables A2.1 and A2.4, shall be limited to short-term individual events under defined operating conditions;
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the exposure limit values for controlled working conditions set out in Annex 2, Tables A2.1 and A2.3, are complied with,
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have access to controlled areas only to specially trained and trained staff,
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specific working practices and measures, in particular controlled movements of workers in the area of high spatial magnetic field gradients, are applied; and
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further measures pursuant to Section 6 (2) shall be taken if temporary symptoms occur in accordance with § 6 (7).
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§ 8 Special provisions for the exceeding of the trigger thresholds for the projectile effect of ferromagnetic objects in the stray field of plants with a high static magnetic field (> 100 millitesla)
(1) If the lower tripping thresholds for the projectile effect of ferromagnetic objects are exceeded in the stray field of installations with a high static magnetic field (> 100 millitesla) in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.11, the employer shall have the relevant (2) When the upper tripping thresholds are exceeded for the projectile effect of ferromagnetic objects in the stray field of installations with a high static magnetic field (> 100 millitesla) in accordance with Annex 2. Table A2.11, the employer shall take further measures pursuant to Article 6 (2) in order to: Eliminate or minimize the risks of employees. This includes in particular the following measures:
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Provision and use of appropriate non-ferromagnetic working equipment,
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shields, latches or other safety devices,
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Access control to the relevant working area, if necessary the use of detectors for ferromagnetic objects, and
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operational organisational measures, in particular training and training, and, if necessary, information for third parties in order to avoid endangating employees.
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§ 9 Special provisions for exceeding the upper release threshold for influencing implanted active or body-borne medical devices in static magnetic fields
If the upper trigger threshold is exceeded in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.10, the employer shall take further measures in accordance with Article 6 (2) in order to ensure that the employees are at risk from the use of implanted active medical devices or medical devices worn on the body. to eliminate or minimize it. This includes in particular the following measures:
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evaluation of the influence of the individual employee on the basis of information provided by the manufacturer of the implanted active medical device and, where possible, of the physician or occupational medical practiser,
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restriction of access to the working area, in particular by means of control or shut-off measures; and
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operational organisational measures, in particular training and training, individual or general access prohibitions.
Subsection 3
Special stipulations to protect against hazards caused by electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz
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§ 10 Special provisions for exceeding the lower release thresholds for external electrical fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz
If the lower trigger thresholds for external electrical fields are exceeded in the frequency range from 0 hertz to 10 megahertz in accordance with Annex 2 Table A2.7, the employer shall have, if no suitable alternative working methods are available, for this purpose: to ensure that
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the exposure limit values of the internal electric field strength Ei for sensory effects in the frequency range up to 400 hertz in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.4, are not exceeded and hazards due to direct and indirect effects avoided or reduced and in order to ensure safe work, or
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after the implementation of the defined measures, in accordance with the risk assessment
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the risks arising from discharges or contact flows are excluded by specific measures. These include in particular:
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appropriate technical equipment,
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Measures to compensate for potential,
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the grounding of work items,
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the specific training and training of employees; and
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personal protective equipment such as insulating shoes, insulating gloves and protective clothing;
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the hazards in static electric fields are eliminated or minimized by specific measures. These include in particular:
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the non-crossing of the exposure limit value for the external electric field strength Ee of static electric fields as set out in Annex 2, Table A2.2,
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access control to the working area concerned; and
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the specific training and training of employees;
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the exposure limit values of the internal electric field strength Ei are not exceeded for health effects in the frequency range up to 10 megahertz in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.3, and
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the hazards are excluded by direct and indirect effects and thus a safe work is guaranteed.
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§ 11 Special provisions for exceeding the upper release thresholds for external electrical fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz
If the upper tripping thresholds for exposure to external electrical fields are exceeded in the frequency range from 0 hertz to 10 megahertz in accordance with Annex 2 Table A2.7, the employer shall have, if no suitable alternative working methods shall be made available to ensure that, in addition to the measures referred to in Section 10 (2), further measures are carried out in accordance with Article 6 (2), in order to prevent risks from direct and indirect effects. The measures include, in particular, specific teachings.
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§ 12 Special provisions for the exceeding of the lower release thresholds for magnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hertz to 10 Megahertz
If the lower trigger thresholds are exceeded for exposure to magnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 hertz to 10 megahertz in accordance with Annex 2 Table A2.8, in particular in the area of the head or hull, the employer shall have, if no appropriate alternative working methods to ensure that:
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the exposure limit values of the internal electric field strength Ei for sensory effects in the frequency range up to 400 Hertz are not exceeded in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.4, or
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after the implementation of the defined measures, in accordance with the risk assessment
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the exceeding of the exposure limit values of the internal electric field strength Ei for sensory effects in the frequency range up to 400 Hertz according to Annex 2, Table A2.4, limited to short-term individual events under defined operating conditions is,
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the exposure limit values of the internal electric field strength Ei are complied with for health effects in the frequency range up to 10 megahertz in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.3, and
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the hazards are excluded by direct and indirect effects and thus a safe work is guaranteed.
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Section 13 Special provisions for the crossing of the trigger thresholds for contact currents in contact with contact
If the trigger thresholds for contact currents are exceeded in the case of contact in contact with Annex 2, Table A2.9, the employer shall, if there are no suitable alternative working methods or means of work available, ensure that:
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the employees are so instructed that they always make contact with them,
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the exposure limit values for continuous contact flows IK are complied with in the case of contact with Annex 2, Table A2.5, and for the discharge pulse of a contact current in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.6; and
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the hazards are excluded by direct and indirect effects and thus a safe work is guaranteed.
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§ 14 Special provisions for exceeding the exposure limit values for sensory effects in the frequency range up to 400 Hertz
If the exposure limit values for sensory effects for the frequency range up to 400 Hertz are exceeded in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.4, the employer shall, where appropriate alternative working methods are not available, ensure that: after the implementation of the defined measures, in accordance with the risk assessment
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the excess is limited to short-term individual events under defined operating conditions;
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the exposure limit values of the internal electric field strength Ei for health effects in the frequency range up to 400 hertz in accordance with Annex 2, Table A2.3, are not exceeded; and
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Further measures pursuant to Section 6 (2) shall be taken immediately if temporary symptoms occur in accordance with § 6 (7).
Subsection 4
Special provisions to protect against hazards caused by electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz
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§ 15 Special provisions for the exceeding of the trigger thresholds for electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz
(1) If the trigger thresholds for exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz are exceeded in accordance with Annex 3, Table A3.4, the employer shall ensure that:
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the exposure limit values of the specific absorption rate SAR for health effects in the case of exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 6 gigahertz in accordance with Annex 3 Table A3.1 and the exposure limit value the power density S for health effects in the case of exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 6 gigahertz to 300 gigahertz in accordance with Annex 3, Table A3.2, are complied with and
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after the implementation of the defined measures in accordance with the risk assessment, hazards of the employees are excluded by direct and indirect effects and thus a safe work is ensured.
(2) The special provisions for exceeding the exposure limit values of the local specific energy absorption SA for sensory effects in the case of exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.3 gigahertz up to 6 gigahertz (microwave hearing) according to § 17 shall apply irrespective of paragraph 1. They should therefore be considered separately.
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§ 16 Special provisions for the exceeding of the trigger thresholds for stationary contact currents or induced currents through the limbs in the frequency range from 100 kilohertz to 110 megahertz
If the trigger thresholds are exceeded for stationary contact currents IK or induced currents through the limbs IG in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 110 megahertz according to Annex 3, Table A3.5, the employer shall ensure that:
-
1.
-
the exposure limit values of the specific absorption rate SAR for health effects in the case of exposure to electromagnetic fields as set out in Annex 3, Table A3.1, in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 110 megahertz, are complied with, and
-
2.
-
after the implementation of the defined measures in accordance with the risk assessment, hazards of the employees are excluded by direct and indirect effects and thus a safe work is ensured.
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§ 17 Special provisions for exceeding the exposure limit value of the local specific energy absorption for sensory effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.3 gigahertz to 6 gigahertz (microwave hearing)
If the exposure limit value of the local specific energy absorption SA is exceeded for sensory effects in the case of exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.3 gigahertz to 6 gigahertz (microwave hearing) In accordance with Annex 3, Table A3.3, if no suitable alternative working methods are available, the employer shall ensure that, after the implementation of the defined measures, the risk assessment shall be carried out in accordance with the risk assessment
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1.
-
the excess is limited to short-term individual events under defined operating conditions;
-
2.
-
the exposure limit values of the specific absorption rate SAR for health effects in the case of exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 100 kilohertz to 6 gigahertz in accordance with Annex 3 Table A3.1 and the exposure limit value the power density S for health effects in the case of exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 6 gigahertz to 300 gigahertz is not exceeded in accordance with Annex 3, Table A3.2; and
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3.
-
Further measures pursuant to Section 6 (2) shall be taken immediately if temporary symptoms occur in accordance with § 6 (7).
Subsection 5
Special stipulations to protect against hazards caused by electromagnetic fields in medical applications of magnetic resonance imaging
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§ 18 Special provisions for the exceedation of exposure limit values in medical applications of magnetic resonance imaging
By way of derogation from § § 7 to 16, the employer shall, in the event of exceeding the exposure limit values set out in Annexes 2 and 3, in the drawing up, testing, application, development or maintenance of medical equipment for imaging procedures by means of: Magnetic resonance in the patient or related research
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1.
-
the nature, extent, frequency and duration of the exceedance of exposure limit values in work areas in which employees are required to act in the context of the risk assessment in accordance with § 3;
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2.
-
carry out all technical and organisational measures in accordance with the state of the art in accordance with Article 6 (1) in order to avoid or reduce the exposure of the employees concerned;
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3.
-
the reasons for which medical use cases are necessary to exceed the exposure limit values,
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4.
-
all the specific characteristics of the workplace, the means of work or the working methods in carrying out the risk assessment, and the definition and implementation of measures for the safe operation and protection of the affected persons to take account of employees,
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5.
-
ensure that the documentation of the risk assessment in accordance with Article 6 (1) contains a proof of how employees are protected from hazards caused by direct and indirect effects,
-
6.
-
ensure that the operating instructions and safety instructions provided by the manufacturer are complied with and
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7.
-
to ensure that only specially trained employees are employed.
Section 4
Training of employees; Consultation by the Committee on Safety of Operational Safety
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Section 19 Instruction of employees
(1) In the event of exposure to workers by electromagnetic fields in the workplace, the employer shall ensure that the employees concerned receive a training based on the results of the risk assessment and that the persons concerned shall be subject to the following conditions: Information about the hazards occurring in the workplace. The training must be carried out before the start of the activity, at regular intervals thereafter, but at least annually, and without delay, in the event of substantial changes to the activity or workplace which is at risk. The training must be carried out in a form and language which is comprehensible to the employees and shall contain at least the following information:
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1.
-
the hazards associated with the activity through the direct and indirect effects of electromagnetic fields,
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2.
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the measures to be taken to eliminate or minimise the risks, taking into account the conditions of employment;
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3.
-
the relevant exposure limit values and trigger thresholds, as well as their importance,
-
4.
-
the results of the exposure assessment, together with the explanation of their importance and the assessment of the potential hazards and health consequences associated with it,
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5.
-
the description of safe working methods to minimise the exposure to electromagnetic fields,
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6.
-
the proper use of the personal protective equipment,
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7.
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Notes on detection and reporting of potential adverse health effects of exposure,
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8.
-
possible temporary symptoms occurring in accordance with § 6 (7) and how these may be avoided, and
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9.
-
specific information for employees in need of protection.
(2) In the context of the instruction referred to in paragraph 1, general medical advice shall also be carried out with references to special risks, in particular for workers in need of special protection. The employees must also be informed about the entitlement and the purpose of occupational health care in accordance with the Ordination on Health Care. If necessary, the employer must involve the doctor in accordance with § 7 (1) of the occupational health care ordinal.
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Section 20 Consultation by the Committee on Safety of Operational Safety
The Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs will consult the Committee in accordance with § 21 of the Ordinance on Safety and Health in all matters relating to the safety and health protection of electromagnetic fields. Section 21 (3) and (4) of the operating safety regulation shall apply accordingly.
Section 5
Exceptions; offences and regularties
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Section 21 Exceptions
(1) The competent authority may, on a written or electronic request by the employer, grant exemptions from § § 6 to 17 if the implementation of the provision in individual cases would lead to a disproportionate hardness and the deviation is compatible with the protection of employees. These exceptions may be accompanied by secondary provisions which, taking into account the specific circumstances, ensure that the risks arising from the exemptions are reduced to a minimum. The exceptions shall be reviewed at the latest after four years. They shall be repealed as soon as the circumstances which they have justified are no longer given. The employer ' s request shall contain at least information on:
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1.
-
the risk assessment, including documentation,
-
2.
-
the nature, extent and duration of exposure to electromagnetic fields;
-
3.
-
the frequencies and, if necessary, the signal curve of the electromagnetic fields,
-
4.
-
the state of the art in relation to the activities and the working procedures, as well as to the technical, organisational and personal protection measures; and
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5.
-
the proposed solutions, such as reducing the exposure of employees in order to meet the exposure limit values, and a timetable for this.
(2) An exception referred to in the first sentence of paragraph 1 may also be applied for in connection with administrative procedures under other legislation.
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Section 22 Crime offences and administrative offences
(1) In the sense of Section 25 (1) (1) of the German Labor Protection Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz), who intentionally or negligently acts in accordance with the law of the law
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1.
-
, contrary to § 3 (5), first sentence, a risk assessment or a measure referred to therein does not, not properly, not be carried out in the prescribed manner or in a timely manner,
-
2.
-
contrary to the first sentence of Article 3 (6), a documentation shall not be drawn up, not in full, not in the prescribed manner or in a timely manner,
-
3.
-
shall not, contrary to § 3 (6), sentence 5, retain a result or not at least 20 years,
-
4.
-
shall not take due account of the requirements referred to in paragraph 3 (7), either correctly or not in good time,
-
5.
-
does not ensure that the risk assessment, measurement, calculation or evaluation referred to in paragraph 4 (1) is planned or carried out,
-
6.
-
Contrary to § 6 (1) sentence 3, § 12 (2) (b), § 13 (2), § 15 (1) (1) or § 16 (1), it does not ensure that the exposure limit values mentioned are complied with or that a risk is avoided or reduced,
-
7.
-
Contrary to § 6 (3) sentence 1, a working area is not or is not correctly marked,
-
8.
-
Contrary to § 6 (3) sentence 4, a working area is not or is not properly delineated,
-
9.
-
, contrary to the first sentence of Article 8 (2) or the first sentence of paragraph 9, a measure shall not be taken, not correct or not in time
-
10.
-
Contrary to § 10 (1) or (2) (c), § 12 (1), § 14 (2) or 17 (2)), it is not ensured that the above-mentioned exposure limit values are not exceeded,
-
11.
-
Contrary to § 10 (2) (a) sentence before sentence 2, point (b) of the sentence before sentence 2, § 12 (2) (c), § 13 (3), § 15 (1) (2) or § 16 (2), it does not ensure that a risk is excluded, eliminated or minimised is,
-
12.
-
Contrary to Section 11, sentence 1, it does not ensure that a measure is carried out,
-
13.
-
Contrary to § 12 (2) (a), § 14 (1) or § 17 (1), it is not ensured that the excess is limited,
-
14.
-
Contrary to Section 13 (1), it is not ensured that the employees are instructed,
-
15.
-
does not ensure that a measure is taken, contrary to Section 14 (3) or Section 17 (3),
-
16.
-
does not ensure that proof is included, contrary to Section 18 (5), or
-
17.
-
Contrary to the first sentence of Article 19 (1), it does not ensure that an employee receives a training.
(2) Anyone who endangers the life or health of employees by means of an intentional act referred to in paragraph 1 shall be punishable in accordance with Section 26 (2) of the German Employment Protection Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz).
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Annex 1
Physical quantities related to exposure to electromagnetic fields
(Fundstelle: BGBl. I 2016, 2542)
The following physical quantities are used for the description of exposure to electromagnetic fields:
-
1.
-
The electric field strength E is a vector quantity which corresponds to the force exerted on a charged particle regardless of its movement in space. It is expressed in volts per meter (V/m). It must be between the external electrical field strength Ee of an electrical field occurring in the environment and the internal electrical field strength Ei as it occurs in the body (in situ) as a result of exposure to the ambient field strength, shall be distinguished.
-
2.
-
The magnetic field strength H is a vector quantity which, in addition to the magnetic flux density, serves for the description of the magnetic field in each point of space. It is expressed in ampere per meter (A/m).
-
3.
-
The magnetic flux density B is a vector quantity, from which a force is obtained on moving charges; it is expressed in Tesla (T). The magnetic flux density B and the magnetic field strength H can be in biological material according to the equation B=μ0 -H with μ0 = 4π-10. -7 -T-m-A -1 are converted into each other.
-
4.
-
The power density S is derived from the amount of the cross product of electric field strength E and magnetic field strength H. It is expressed in watts per square meter (W/m). 2 ).
-
5.
-
The specific absorption SA is the energy absorbed in each mass unit of biological tissue. It is expressed in joules per kilogram (J/kg). In this Regulation, it is used to define limits for the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.3 GHz to 6 GHz.
-
6.
-
The specific absorption rate SAR is the rate averaged over the whole body or part, with which power is absorbed per mass unit of body tissue; it is expressed in watts per kilogram (W/kg). The whole-body SAR is the physical quantity in order to relate heat effects to exposure of electromagnetic fields. In addition to the whole-body SAR, local SAR values are necessary in order to assess and limit excessive energy concentrations in small areas of the body due to special exposure conditions.
-
7.
-
The electrical charge Q is the physical quantity used for the description of transient contact currents and is expressed in coulomb (C).
-
8.
-
The contact current IK denotes a current which flows during contact between an employee and an object in an electromagnetic field. It is expressed in ampere (A). During contact, it can come to a transient or a stationary contact current.
-
9.
-
The current through the limbs IG refers to the current in the limbs of employees exposed to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 10 MHz to 110 MHz as a result of contact with an object in an electromagnetic field. Field or as a result of the flow of capacitive currents induced in the exposed body. It is expressed in ampere (A).
-
10.
-
The discharge energy W is the energy transmitted in the case of a discharge pulse of a contact current. It is expressed in millijoules (mJ).
Of the physical quantities mentioned, the external electric field strength Ee, the magnetic field strength H, the magnetic flux density B, the power density S, the electric charge Q, the contact current IK, the current through limb IG can be obtained. as well as the discharge energy W directly at the workplace of the employee.
Unofficial table of contents
Annex 2
Non-thermal effects: exposure limit values and triggering thresholds for static and time-varying electrical and magnetic fields in the frequency range up to 10 MHz
(Fundstelle: BGBl. I 2016, 2543-2545)
-
1.
-
Exposure limits
Table A2.1 Exposure limit values for magnetic flux density B of static magnetic fields
Maximum value of magnetic flux density B (T)
Sensory effects (normal working conditions) Sensory effects (Local exposure of limb) Health effects (controlled working conditions)
| 2 |
8 |
8 |
-
Note 1:
-
The exposure limit values in Table A2.1 are spatial maximum values for static magnetic fields to limit the effects of workers who operate in the static magnetic field. Effects can occur, in particular, in the case of movements in the regions with high spatial magnetic field gradients.
-
Note 2:
-
In the case of activities in a static magnetic field with a magnetic flux density B to 2 T, the exposure limit values for sensory effects according to Table A2.4 are complied with for normal working conditions in the frequency range up to 10 Hz.
-
Note 3:
-
If, in the case of activities in a static magnetic field with a magnetic flux density B to 8 T, the exposure is limited only to the limbs, the exposure limit values for sensory effects according to Table A2.4 are in the frequency range up to 10 Hz is respected.
-
Note 4:
-
In the case of activities in a static magnetic field with a magnetic flux density B to 8 T, the exposure limit values for sensory and health effects according to Table A2.3 in the frequency range up to 10 Hz are only for controlled Working conditions complied with.
Table A2.2 Exposure limit value for the external electric field strength Ee of static electric fields
Maximum value of external electric field strength Ee (V/m)
| 2.82-10 4 |
-
Note:
-
The exposure limit value in Table A2.2 is a spatial maximum value for static electric fields to limit the effects on employees working in the static electric field.
Table A2.3 Exposure limits of internal electrical Field strength Egg for health effects in the frequency range up to 10 MHz
Frequency range peak value of the internal electric field strength Ei (V/m)
| 0 Hz < f < 3 kHz |
1.1 |
| 3 kHz ≤f≤ 10 MHz |
0.38-10 -3 -f |
-
Note 1:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
-
Note 2:
-
The exposure limit values of the internal electrical field strength Ei for health effects are maximum spatial values in the body of employees.
Table A2.4 Exposure limits of internal electrical Field Strength Egg for sensory effects in the frequency range up to 400 Hz
Frequency range peak value of the internal electric field strength Ei (V/m)
| 0 Hz < f < 25 Hz |
0.07 |
| 25 Hz ≤f≤ 400 Hz |
2.8-10 -3 -f |
-
Note 1:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
-
Note 2:
-
The exposure limit values of the internal electrical field strength Ei for sensory effects in Table A2.4 are maximum spatial values in the head of employees.
Table A2.5 Exposure limit values for continuous contact currents IK in contact with the contact
Frequency peak value of the steady-state variable-time contact current IK (mA)
| Up to 3 kHz |
5 |
| 3 kHz ≤f < 45 kHz |
f/600 |
| 45 kHz ≤f < 100 kHz |
75 |
| 100 kHz ≤f≤ 10 MHz |
75 |
-
Note 1:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
-
Note 2:
-
As a result of the gripping contact, the contact surface becomes larger than when the contact is in contact.
Table A2.6 Exposure limit values for the discharge pulse of a contact current
Maximum transmitted discharge energy W (mJ) Maximum transmitted charge Q (µ C)
| 350 |
50 |
-
2.
-
Trigger thresholds
Table A2.7 Triggering thresholds for external electrical fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 10 MHz
Frequency range peak value of external electric field strength Ee (V/m)
Lower trigger threshold upper release threshold
| 0 Hz ≤f < 25 Hz |
2.82-10 4 |
2.82-10 4 |
| 25 Hz ≤f < 50 Hz |
7.07-10 5 /f |
2.82-10 4 |
| 50 Hz ≤f < 1.635 kHz |
7.07-10 5 /f |
1.41-10 6 /f |
| 1.635 kHz ≤f < 3 kHz |
7.07-10 5 /f |
8.62-10 2 |
| 3 kHz ≤f≤ 10 MHz |
2.36-10 2 |
8.62-10 2 |
-
Note 1:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
-
Note 2:
-
The trigger thresholds for exposure to electric fields represent the measured or calculated spatial maximum values in the workplace of employees.
-
Note 3:
-
Measurement or calculation methods with defined spatial averaging according to the state of the art can be used to simplify the assessment of exposure, which is to be carried out in accordance with § 3 of the risk assessment.
Table A2.8 Triggering thresholds for magnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 10 MHz
Frequency range peak value of magnetic flux density B (T)
Lower Trigger welleObere Trigger threshold trigger threshold for exposure of limbs
| 0 Hz ≤f < 0.0175 Hz |
2 |
2 |
8 |
| 0.0175 Hz ≤f < 0.1575 Hz |
35-10 -3 /f |
2 |
8 |
| 0.1575 Hz ≤f < 0.21 Hz |
35-10 -3 /f |
2 |
1.26/f |
| 0.21 Hz ≤f < 25 Hz |
35-10 -3 /f |
0.42/f |
1.26/f |
| 25 Hz ≤f < 300 Hz |
1.4-10 -3 |
0.42/f |
1.26/f |
| 300 Hz ≤f < 3 kHz |
0.42/f |
0.42/f |
1.26/f |
| 3 kHz ≤f≤ 10 MHz |
0.14-10 -3 |
0.14-10 -3 |
0.42-10 -3 |
-
Note 1:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
-
Note 2:
-
The tripping thresholds for exposure to magnetic fields represent the measured or calculated spatial maximum values at the workplace of employees.
-
Note 3:
-
Measurement or calculation methods with defined spatial averaging according to the state of the art can be used to simplify the assessment of exposure, which is to be carried out in accordance with § 3 of the risk assessment.
Table A2.9 Triggering thresholds for contact currents IK in contact with contact
Frequency peak value of the steady-state variable-time contact current IK (mA)
| Up to 3 kHz |
1 |
| 3 kHz ≤f < 45 kHz |
f/3 000 |
| 45 kHz ≤f < 100 kHz |
15 |
| 100 kHz ≤f≤ 10 MHz |
15 |
-
Note:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
Table A2.10 Trigger thresholds of magnetic flux density B at static magnetic fields for the influencing of implanted active or medical devices worn on the body, e.g. Cardiac pacemaker
Magnetic Flux Density B (mT)
Lower trigger threshold upper release threshold
| 0.5 |
1 |
Table A2.11 Triggering thresholds of magnetic flux density B for the projectile effect of ferromagnetic objects in the stray field of plants with high static magnetic fields (> 100 mT)
Magnetic Flux Density B (mT)
Lower trigger threshold upper release threshold
actively shielded Magnetic-Spiritual Magnets
| 3 |
30 |
60 |
Unofficial table of contents
Annex 3
Thermal effects: exposure limit values and tripping thresholds for time-varying electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 GHz
(Fundstelle: BGBl. I 2016, 2546-2547)
-
1.
-
Exposure limits
Table A3.1 Exposure limits of the specific Absorption rate SAR for health effects of electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 6 GHz
Exposure limit values for health effects Specific absorption rate SAR (W/kg)
| Total body mean value of the SAR |
0.4 |
| Local SAR heat load for head and fuselage |
10 |
| Local SAR heat load for limb |
20 |
-
Note 1:
-
The SAR values are to be used over a six-minute interval.
-
Note 2:
-
Local SAR values are more than 10 g of any coherent body tissue.
2
Table A3.2 Exposure limit of power density S for health effects in exposure to exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 6 GHz to 300 GHz
Frequency range exposure limit value of power density S (W/m )
| 6 GHz ≤f≤ 300 GHz |
50 |
-
Note:
-
The power density is over each surface element of 20 cm 2 averaged. The maximum local power density averaged over 1 cm 2 , may be 20 times the value of 50 W/m 2 , i.e. 1 kW/m 2 , do not exceed it. Power densities in the frequency range from 6 GHz to 10 GHz are averaged over six-minute intervals. Above 10 GHz, the power density will be over any time interval of 68 /f 1.05 -minutes (where f is the frequency in GHz).
Table A3.3 Exposure limit of local specific Energy absorption SA for sensory effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0.3 GHz to 6 GHz (microwave hearing)
Frequency range exposure limit of the local specific energy absorption SA (mJ/kg)
| 0.3 GHz ≤f≤ 6 GHz |
10 |
-
Note 1:
-
The tissue mass to be mediated for local SA is 10 g.
-
Note 2:
-
The sensory effect of the microwave hearing can only occur in the case of pulse widths of less than 30 μs.
-
2.
-
Trigger thresholds
2
Table A3.4 Trigger thresholds for electromagnetic Fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 GHz
Frequency range effective value of the electric field strength E (V/m) Effective value of the magnetic field strength H (A/m) Mean the power density S (W/m )
| 100 kHz ≤f < 1 MHz |
614 |
1.63-10 6 /f |
- |
| 1 MHz ≤f < 10 MHz |
614-10 6 /f |
1.63-10 6 /f |
- |
| 10 MHz ≤f < 400 MHz |
61.4 |
0.163 |
10 |
| 400 MHz ≤f < 2 GHz |
3.07-10 -3 -√f |
8.14-10 -6 -√f |
25-10 -9 -f |
| 2 GHz ≤f < 300 GHz |
137.3 |
0.364 |
50 |
-
Note 1:
-
f is the frequency in Hertz (Hz).
-
Note 2:
-
The tripping thresholds for E, H and S are averaged up to 10 GHz over a six-minute interval. The trigger thresholds for E, H and S are above 10 GHz over any time interval of 68 /f each time 1.05 -minutes (where f is the frequency in GHz).
-
Note 3:
-
The power density shall be over any exposed surface element of 20 cm 2 averaged. The maximum local power density averaged over 1 cm 2 , should be 20 times the value of 50 W/m 2 , i.e. 1 kW/m 2 , do not exceed it.
-
Note 4:
-
In the case of high-frequency pulses in the frequency range between 100 kHz and 10 MHz, the peak values for the electric field strengths E are calculated by interpolating the 1.5 times the value of the tripping threshold at 100 kHz and the 32-fold value at 10 MHz in the frequency range. Table A3.4. At frequencies above 10 MHz, the power density Seq averaged over the pulse width does not exceed the thousandfold of the tripping thresholds or the field strengths do not exceed 32 times the corresponding trigger threshold.
-
Note 5:
-
In order to simplify the assessment of exposure to be carried out in the context of the risk assessment according to § 3, measurement or calculation methods with defined spatial averaging according to the state of the art can be used.
Table A3.5 Triggering thresholds for stationary contact currents IK and induced currents through the limbs IG in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 110 MHz
Frequency range effective value of the stationary time-varying contact current IK (mA) Effective value of the induced Current through any limb IG (mA)
| 100 kHz ≤f < 10 MHz |
40 |
- |
| 10 MHz ≤f≤ 110 MHz |
40 |
100 |
-
Note:
-
The triggering thresholds IK and IG are each averaged over a six-minute interval.
