Key Benefits:
Minister of Ecology and Sustainable Development,
Seen Council Directive 76 /464/EEC of 4 May 1976 on pollution caused by certain dangerous substances Displaced in the aquatic environment of the Community;
In view of Council Directive 82 /176/EEC of 22 March 1982 concerning limit values and quality objectives for mercury discharges from the electrolysis sector of alkali chlorides ;
Having regard to Council Directive 83 /513/EEC of 26 September 1983 on limit values and quality targets for cadmium discharges;
In view of Council Directive 84 /156/EEC of 8 March 1984 concerning limit values and Quality objectives for mercury releases from sectors other than electrolysis Alkali chlorides;
In view of Council Directive 84 /491/EEC of 9 October 1984 on limit values and quality objectives for hexachlorocyclohexane discharges;
As amended by Council Directive 86 /280/EEC of 12 June 1986 Concerning the limit values and quality objectives for discharges of certain dangerous substances listed in List I of the Annex to Directive 76 /464/EEC;
Having regard to Directive 96 /61/EC of 24 September 1996 on prevention and Integrated pollution reduction;
In view of Directive 2000 /60/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for a Community policy in the field of water;
Given the environmental code;
In view of Act No. 2004-338 of 21 April 2004 transposing the Directive 2000 /60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for a Community policy in the field of water;
Having regard to Decree No. 77-1133 of 21 September 1977, as amended for the purposes of Law No. 76-663 of 19 July 1976 on classified facilities for environmental protection;
Given Decree No. 92-1042 of 24 September 1992 on the application of Article 5 of Act No. 92-3 of 3 January 1992 on water and water management and management schemes;
In light of Decree No. 2005-378 of 20 April 2005 concerning the National action programme against pollution of aquatic environments by certain dangerous substances;
In the light of the amended decree of 2 February 1998 on water sampling and consumption, as well as emissions of any kind Installations classified for protection of the environment subject to authorization;
Vu The decree of 20 April 2005 adopted pursuant to the decree of 20 April 2005 on the national programme of action against the pollution of aquatic environments by certain dangerous substances;
In view of the opinion of the inter-ministerial mission of water in Date of June 9, 2005;
In view of the opinion of the Board of Governors of the facilities classified as of June 21, 2005;
In view of the opinion of the National Water Committee of June 23, 2005;
In view of the opinions issued during the consultation of the organizations Professional and environmental associations;
On the proposal of the Director of Water and the Director of Pollution Prevention and Risk,
Stop:
Pursuant to the aforementioned decree of 20 April 2005, the National Programme of Action against Pollution Aquatic habitats by certain dangerous substances annexed to this Decree shall be approved.
This programme, established pursuant to Directive 76 /464/EEC, shall aim to reduce emissions in aquatic environments from Certain hazardous substances discharged into the aquatic environment, including List II of this directive.
The national action programme against pollution of aquatic environments by certain hazardous substances will be revised to take into account the improvement of knowledge on the state of aquatic environments And on the emissions of the substances concerned, the return of experience in implementing the measures envisaged and the possible new measures and the consistency with the measures implementing the abovementioned Directive 2000 /60/EC
Guidelines for water management and management, carried out in Application of Article L. 212-1 and of the Decree of 24 September 1992 referred to above, shall take into account when drawing up or revising the provisions of this national programme.
The provisions of this Order shall apply to the date of its publication in the Official Journal.
The Director The water and the director of the prevention of pollution and risks shall each have responsibility for the execution of this decree, which shall be published in the Official Journal of the French Republic.
A N N E X E
DE L' ARRÊTÉ DU 30 JUIN 2005 IN THE MATTER OF THE NATIONAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION AGAINST POLLUTION OF AQUATIC MEDIA BY CERTAIN DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES
National Pollution Action Program Aquatic environments by certain hazardous substances taken pursuant to Order No. 2005-378 dated April 20, 2005
INTRODUCTION
Hazardous substances released into the aquatic environment, and In particular micropollutants, have harmful effects on fauna, flora and man. They contribute to the depletion of aquatic ecosystems. Some of them accumulate in living beings (bioconcentration) and move from one link in the food chain to another (biomagnification). They cause significant damage to biological equilibria. They contaminate streams either through direct inputs, runoff, drainage or erosion, or indirectly through atmospheric deposition.
This program is developed pursuant to Order in Council No. 2005-378 dated April 20, 2005. Prevent, reduce or eliminate pollution of surface waters, transitional waters, and inland and territorial marine waters by certain hazardous substances listed in the
. To which Directive 76 /464/EEC is concerned and is divided into two lists. List I includes certain individual substances selected primarily on the basis of their toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, with the exception of those that are biologically harmless or rapidly changing into Biologically harmless substances. List II includes substances that have a harmful effect on the aquatic environment that can, however, be limited to a certain area and which depends on the characteristics of the receiving waters and their location
18 substances regulated by five daughter directives of Directive 76 /464/EEC. List II includes, in particular, 99 substances which have been candidates for list I but have not been the subject of specific directives. Most of them are micropollutants (cf. Annex 1).
France was condemned by the Court of Justice of the European Communities (ECJ) on 12 June 2003 for non-adoption of measures provided for in Directive 76 /464/EEC for these 99 substances. In this context, the present reduction programme allows in particular to implement the ECJ judgment.
List II substances are the subject of the provisions laid down in Article 7 of Directive 76 /464/EEC. It is a question of halting water pollution reduction programmes for these substances. The content of such reduction programmes was specified by the European Commission in a guidance document on 20 September 2000 (Guidance document on elements for pollution reduction programmes under article 7 of Council Directive 76 /464/EEC)
In accordance with Directive 76 /464/EEC and the guidance document of the European Commission, the aim of this programme is to prevent and reduce the pollution of the waters of the French territory by certain dangerous substances covered by Article 7 of the Directive 76 /464/EEC.
This programme does not describe the measures taken To remove the pollution of the waters by the 18 substances in List I, or the measures taken to reduce water pollution by the 25 substances in the second indent of List II of Directive 76 /464/EEC (cf. Order No. 2005-378).
The program applies to surface waters, transitional waters and inland and territorial marine waters. It is based on quality standards (annual average concentrations in aquatic environments, for each substance, not to exceed).
The program presents a state of the aquatic environment and existing emissions (cf. § 1 and § 2). National action for research and reduction of discharges of dangerous substances into the water of classified installations and other installations (cf. Circular of February 4, 2002) and the exceptional inventory of aquatic environments conducted by water agencies in 2005 contributes, in part, to the establishment of the site states prescribed in this program.
The program then defines A methodology for the selection of substances taking into account, in particular, their occurrence in aquatic environments and in discharges (§ 4).
The programme puts in place specific measures to control aquatic pollution by Relevant substances (§ 4). It shall, in particular, be based on the means defined in Article 7 of Directive 76 /464/EEC, in paragraphs 1 and 2:
-quality objectives for the waters for each of the relevant substances (§ 4.1);
-prior authorisation, setting emission standards calculated on the basis of quality objectives, of any discharge into waters likely to contain One of the relevant substances at national level (§ 4.2).
It also contains specific provisions for other significant emissions (diffuse sources) (§ 4.3).
The programme sets out objectives for reducing pollution and Preventive measures (§ 5). It also puts in place a monitoring programme (§ 6).
All the actions of the programme to be implemented are the subject of a detailed timetable specifying their implementation deadlines (§ 7).
Indicators are defined at the end of Document to track the completion of the program (§ 8).
1. Site status: Identification of presence of
in aquatic environments
Identification of substances found in aquatic environments in French territory as well as those in which they are Observed are the first step in this pollution prevention and control program.
The detection of micropollutants in water is difficult due to the multiplicity of substances, variability in contamination, and Their very low concentration.
1.1. The Water Situation
A decade ago, the water-course monitoring effort became systematic in 1995. It is supported by the Ministry of the Environment and Water Agencies and has increased significantly in recent years. The measures, carried out on approximately 900 points in the general knowledge network of rivers, the National Basin Network, and the complementary networks of the agencies, represent an annual cost of approximately EUR 3
. Micropollutants in the rivers, RNDE 1999, exploits the results of monitoring from 1995 to 1997 and takes stock of the contamination by micropollutants detected at the measurement stations of the National Basin
. Micropollutants have been grouped into families and subfamilies as shown below:
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The presence of micropollutants in the environment that can be detected by performing analyses on Samples of water, aquatic mosses (or bryophytes), sediments, or suspended matter (or MES), the synthesis takes into account the measurements made on these four media and the data shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Data used to complete the RNDE document
(period 1995-1997)
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This summary shows the contamination of each basin.
1.1.1. Adour-Garonne Basin
Water contamination is the result of pollution from industrial and agricultural sources. It also results from the geological features of the basin.
The presence of extended metal deposits in the Massif Central and the Pyrenees, leather industries, mining, metallurgy and surface treatments contributes to the Metallic contamination of the waters of the basin, notably on the Lot, Aveyron, Agout and Tarn. Efforts, through the introduction of treatment of discharges and water from former waste rock depots, have led to a significant reduction in industrial inputs.
For pesticides, the monoculture of irrigated maize Explains the presence of triazines in the waters of Adour. The concentrations of triazines and lindane on the Baise and Dropt are due to irrigated maize and cereal crops.
The presence of chlorinated solvents on the Dordogne is due to a reprocessing unit of used solvents, and the presence of PAHs On the Lot Downstream to the remanence of pollution from a smelter that has been closed for a few years.
1.1.2. Artois-Picardie Basin
For several centuries, metallurgical plants and mines dumped toxic products into the rivers. The north of the basin brings together most of the industries and mines and has a high population density.
Metal pollution is very important throughout the basin, especially on the Scheldt which has a very heavy industrial past. Automobile and high population density and in the mining basin including the Deûle and the large channel. Elevated concentrations are also found downstream of built-up areas of industrial areas such as Arras, Dunkirk, Saint-Quentin and Lille.
Pesticide concentrations are important for almost the entire basin. Are never downgraded to concentrations of metals and other organic micropollutants. Of these, the most declining are polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that are found downstream of all conurbations.
1.1.3. The Loire-Bretagne Basin
This basin is marked by essentially agricultural activities accompanied by agri-food production sites. The coastal facade is a fishing, shellfish and tourism area.
Metal contamination comes from a variety of sources: The activities of surface treatments on the Furan, the Loire upstream, the Cher and the Vienna, the activities of tannery on the upstream Loire contaminating the waters with chromium, of former mining operations helping to make the leaching of metals Easier on the Aulne and the Aulne to Châteaulin.
Pesticide contamination is important throughout the basin, particularly in the West, most often associated with strong agricultural pressure: Atrazine in the Oudon, lindane in the Gouessant, the Aulne, the Blavet and the Vilaine, the diuron in life, the lindane in the downstream Loire.
The measurement network was extended in 1997 and therefore some sites were only sparingly measured over the period of 1995 to 1997. This may result in an underestimation of the contamination of watercourses by pesticides, particularly in the West.
Organic micropollutants other than pesticides are often associated with agglomerations and Sources of multiple contamination, such as certain industries or combustion and incineration activities: this is the case of PCBs in the Loire and the Vilaine or benzo - (a) - pyrene in the Indre, the Loir and the Mayenne.
1.1.4. Rhine-Meuse basin
Contamination of metal micropollutants, mainly copper, arsenic, lead and mercury, is mostly observed in areas where treatment industries are located. Surface, particularly in the Vosges and Ardennes valleys, mining and steel activities, including in areas where these activities have ceased, as well as industrial platforms such as Rosselle.
Strong contamination in Organic micropollutants are primarily related to PAHs and PCBs. These substances are detected almost systematically in suspended solids, confirming the ubiquitous nature of these pollutants. The large PAH contamination observed corresponds to the main known inputs, one-off (some industrial activities) or semi-diffuse (urbanised areas). The origin of the highest PCB contamination is, in some cases, known, as in the Thur or in the downstream course of the Moselle, for example, where it is the result of old industrial activities. In other cases, the precise origin remains to be identified as in the upstream Moselle or the Meurthe.
Finally, pesticide contamination tends to become widespread in many rivers, both in Alsace and in the west. Vosges. Heavy contamination of atrazine, chlortoluron, and isoproturon occurs in the rivers of the Lorraine plateau where cereal crop areas are located. Heavy contamination of DDT and especially DDE, although banned in agriculture since 1972, is also seen in some rivers such as the Thur and the Meuse. The precise origin of the persistent presence of these high contamination is unknown.
1.1.5. Rhône-Mediterranean-Corsica basin
It is a heterogeneous basin with 42 % of mountainous territory, with the rest dedicated to large urban, industrial and agricultural areas. The tourist activity is highly developed, especially on the Mediterranean and the Alps.
Metal contamination can be caused by the geological nature of the soil (for example, arsenic in the Ardières). It is also the result of agricultural activities with vineyards (arsenic and copper in the Ardières). It is also due to the presence of industries (Turdine: nickel, chromium and copper downstream of Tarare, Cance: nickel, chromium and copper downstream of Annonay, the Gier: nickel and copper, the Bourbre: copper, the Durance: mercury).
Few stations Are heavily contaminated with pesticides. There is a certain concentration of pesticides in the Ardières as a result of vineyards. The presence of DDT (banned substance since 1972), in streams downstream of the Drac (Isère and Rhône), corresponds to a historical pollution of a manufacturing site on the Drac.
The main organic micropollutants other than the Pesticides responsible for high contamination in the basin are PAHs and PCBs from urban areas.
1.1.6. Seine-Normandie Basin
The basin brings together 40 % of the country's industrial activities, while 60 % of the area is made up of agricultural land.
Metal contamination highlights strong pressure from The agglomeration of Paris, whether it is urban inputs (lead, zinc, copper) or industrial, for all the elements. The industries are responsible for the nickel contamination of the Therain and Oise, copper, mercury, zinc and nickel of the Risle. Contamination related to medium-sized agglomerations is to be noted (Pithiviers, Rouen, Caen).
For pesticides, contamination of small rivers (la Thérouanne, l' Almont or Serre) or large rivers (the Oise, the Marne and the Seine), in atrazine, simazine and diuron, is important.
For other organic micropollutants, PCBs are in retreat in the sediments but will be present for a long time due to their remanence. The PAHs are ubiquitous throughout the basin, especially in the vicinity of the major urban centres, for example the Paris region, the Eure at the downstream of Chartres, the Loing in Montargis, the Vesle downstream of Reims ... or the sectors of Saint-Lô and Caen.
1.2. The status of marine waters
The objective of the National Marine Environmental Quality Monitoring Network (NSN) is to assess levels and trends of chemical contaminants and monitor effects Biological. This network was established in 1974 by the Ministry of the Environment and is coordinated by IFREMER. The component " Contaminants " Was set up from 1979 onwards. In view of the analytical difficulties due to very low concentrations in water, this monitoring takes precedence over living matter, mainly mussels and oysters. Forty-three coastal sites are sampled, approximately 100 sampling points. Additional monitoring is also carried out in fish and sediments. For the latter, which integrate several years of contamination and therefore do not require annual monitoring, an annual campaign will cover the French coastline in eight to ten years. The measured contaminants are metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, zinc, copper), organochlorines (DDT, lindane, PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
The situation is presented for PCBs and PAHs.
1.2.1.
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (in " RNO Bulletin, 2002 ")
In the marine environment, PAHs may be dissolved or adsorbed on suspended particles according to their physicochemical properties, with the lightest compounds being the most soluble. Because of their affinity for organic matter, PAHs can accumulate in sediments.
RNO data from 1985 to 1993 (total PAHs) revealed a wide spatial variability in hydrocarbon contamination. The sampling strategy adopted during this period also showed seasonal variations (Figure 1). They are more pronounced in mussels than in oysters, and all the more important because contamination levels are high.
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Figure 1: intra-annual variations in total PAH concentrations from 1985 to 1992
GNWT data. -Moules de la façade atlantique
The study carried out in 2002 following the wreck of the Erika covers mainly the mussels and oysters that are distributed over the entire coastline between the Finistère and the Vendée, and for Which have a series of data from the RNO. The distribution of the values observed for the sum of 13 PAHs per sampling point between 1994 and 1999 estimates an average level of contamination between 100 and 125 µ g.kg-bw per dry weight (d.w.). The most contaminated sites are located either at the river mouth (river of Etel) or in areas where water, urban or port activities are close and important (Butter Poise, Le Croisic). They are subjected to one point input of variable intensity and frequency.
1.2.2. Polychlorinated biphenyls PCB
(in " RNO Bulletin, 2002 ")
Since 1979, PCBs have been measured quarterly by the RNO in mussels and oysters on the French coast. Until 1992, quantification was done in the equivalent of technical mixing and since 1992 by the measurement of eight indicator congeners. In 1992 and 1993 the two modes of quantification were jointly developed.
Whichever mode of quantification is used, coastal contamination is generally the same: estuarine areas, exposed to Significant land-based inputs, which are the most contaminated (Figure 2).
On the basis of measurements of PCB 153, we observe:
-widespread coastal contamination with PCB levels 153 in bivalves (mussels and oysters) Which range from 5 to 600 ng.g-¹, p.s. ;
-low levels (< 10 ng.g-¹, p.s.) in bivalves originating in northern Brittany, languedoc lagoons and corses;
-high levels (> 100 ng.g-¹, p.s.) in semi-closed and industrialized bays (Brest rade, Hendaye, Toulon) and in the estuaries of large rivers;
-very high contamination in the bay of the Seine and especially near the estuary (200 to 600 ng.g-¹, p.s.). These levels of contamination in the Seine estuary place it among the most contaminated by PCBs in Europe.
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Figure 2: contamination of the French coastline by PCBs. -GNWT data. -4th quarter 1992
PCB content in mussels and oysters expressed in nanograms per gram compared to dry weight
1.3. Substances Identified in the Media
The following are the first elements of a site condition for the 99 substances covered by the Community Litigation.
It should be noted that PAHs and PCBs are found In the marine environment (cf. § 1.2) as well as certain metals and pesticides (triazines, organochlorines).
Substances identified following the monitoring of rivers in 2002, and contrario the substances not identified in the media, are shown in the table 2.
Of these 99 substances, 23 were not sought in 2002 and 28 were searched for more than 100 monitoring stations without being quantified (1).
Of these 28 substances, there are 18 non-plant protection substances: Benzyl chloride (9), 2-chloroaniline (17), 4-chloroaniline (19), 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (21), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (24), 4-chloronitroaniline (27), 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene (28), 1-chloro-3-nitrobenzene (29), 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene (30), 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene (31), 2-chlorotoluene (38), 4-chlorotoluene (40), 1,2-dibromoethane (48), dichloronitrobenzenes (63), 1,3-dichloropropene (67), 2,3-dichloropropene (68), tetrabutyltin (108), and trichlorophenols (122).
Surveillance of Plant protection substances in Continental waters has been strengthened for several years. In 2002, for watercourses, 624 stations were sampled and 408 molecules were sought. 22 plant protection substances of the ' List of 99 substances " Are among these 408 molecules. The results of this monitoring are taken from the sixth IFEN, Pesticides in Waters, September 2004. With regard to the presence of substances in the media, the results show that:
the bentazone (132) is quite often quantified (12.4 % quantification rate) on the 234 stations where it was sought; similarly, endosulfan (76) is Often quantified (12 %) on the 450 stations where it is sought;
6 substances are identified more or less rarely (quantification rate of less than 5 %); these are: Biphenyl (11), 2,4-D (45), dichlorprop (69), linuron (88), MCPA (90), and mecoprop (91);
9 substances are never quantified despite a very large number of analyses (700 to 3000 analyses) out of 100 to 439 stations; these are compounds Following: Chlordane (15), coumaphos (43), demmeton (47), dimethoate (73), disulfoton (75), heptachlor (82), mevinphos (94), propanil (104), and triazophos (113);
trichlorfon (116) is never quantified in media but for a number of analyses Reduced (200 analyses for 30 stations);
4 substances are quantified once for a very large number of analyses (1500 to 3,600 analyses) on more than 200 stations; these are the following compounds: Monolinuron (95), oxydemmeton-methyl (98), maxim (103), and 2,4,5-T (107).
For the content of substances quantified in media, substances are present at low concentrations (percentile 90 of the non-zero results of 0.025 µ g/L at 0.06 µ g/L), and often in concentrations equal to or close to the limit of analytical quantification of substances.
TABLE 2
Desired and quantified substances or Not at least once on one of the media (water, sediment or bryophytes) analysed during the water monitoring campaign in 2002 (data from BNDE-OIEau and the sixth IFEN, Pesticides in water, September data) 2004)
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Analysis of GNI results for The three years 2001 to 2003 confirm the 2002 analysis.
Thus, 14 Non-plant protection substances that were searched on at least 15 stations for the water compartment or at least 100 stations for the sediment compartment were not quantified. These are: 4-chloroaniline (19), 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (21), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (24), 4-chloronitroaniline (27), 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene (28), 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene (30), 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene (31), 2-chlorotoluene (38), 4-chlorotoluene (40), 1,2-dibromoethane (48), dichloronitrobenzenes (63), 1,3-dichloropropene (67), 2,3-dichloropropene (68), and trichlorophenols (122).
To these 14 substances sought but never quantified, 6 others: 2-amino-4-chlorophenol (2), benzidine (8), chlorophenols (33, 34, 35), and dichloroanilines (52).
2. Location: identification of major emitters
The identification of major emitters is the second step in this pollution prevention and control program.
2.1. Substances identified in emissions
In order to meet France's international commitments, an inventory of emissions by classified installations of dangerous substances covered by the Directive 76 /464/EEC was introduced at national level by Circular No. 90-55 of 18 May 1990. This inventory was conducted from 88 to 99 of the " 99 substances " Between 1991 and 2000 in five regions in France (in Franche-Comté, Midi-Pyrénées, Picardie, Poitou-Charente and Rhône-Alpes). Four other regions carried out an inventory in 1992 and 1993 covering only part of the 99 substances (Auvergne, Burgundy, Ile-de-France, Languedoc-Roussillon). A total of 815 establishments licensed under the legislation of facilities classified in the nine regions were involved in the total number of inventories conducted. The results of these inventories are summarized in Table 3 for the 99 substances; they indicate that:
33 substances are never quantified in emissions; these are: Benzylidene chloride (10), chloral hydrate (14), chlordane (15), chloronaphthalenes (26), 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene (31), chloronitrotoluenes (32), 2-chloro-p-toluidine (41), coumaphos (43), cyanuryl chloride (44), demeton (47), dibutyletain Dichloride (49), dibutyltin oxide (50), dibutyltin (salts) (51), dichlorobenzidines (56), dichlorodiisopropyl ether (57), dichloroprop (69), diethylamine (72), dimethoate (73), disulfoton (75), heptachlor (82), methamidophos (93), mevinphos (94), Monolinuron (95), omethoate (97), oxydemeton-methyl (98), maxim (103), propanil (104), pyrazon (105), 2,4,5-T (and salts and esters) (107), tetrabutyltin (108), triazophos (113), trichlorfon (116) and bentazone (132);
66 other substances are quantified at least once in emissions; Among them: 14 substances are emitted globally on the nine regions in large quantities (total flux exceeding 10 000 g/d); these are the following substances: Benzene (7), chloroacetic acid (16), chlorobenzene (20), chloroprene (36), 3-chloropropene (37), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (53), 1,4-dichlorobenzene (55), 1,1-dichloroethane (58), dichloromethane (62), ethylbenzene (79), toluene (112), tributylphosphate (114), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (119) and xylenes (129) and 7 substances are emitted globally on the nine regions in relatively small quantities (total flux less than 1 or 10 g/d); these are the following substances: 1-chloronaphthalene (25), 2-4D (45), linuron (88), and mecoprop (91) for fluxes less than 1 g/d, and 1,2-dichloropropane (65), 2,3-dichloropropene (68), and MCPA (90) for fluxes less than 10 g/d.
TABLE 3
Regional emission inventory results between 1991 and 2000 for the 99 substances
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(2) Unquantified: A substance with a measured concentration less than the quantitation limit of the analytical method.
2.2. Setting up a
state of the additters' locations
In order to complete the results of the surveys conducted in the 1990s, in particular in order to identify more precisely the issuers concerned, a Action on complementary research for the whole French territory was launched by the circular of 4 February 2002 on the national action for research and reduction of discharges of dangerous substances into water by the installations Classified. The research covers a hundred substances selected from more than 1 500 substances classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment, including 50 of the " 99 substances " Of Annex II to Directive 76 /464/EEC. The implementation of this programme, and in particular the procedure for selecting the relevant substances (cf. § 3), may eventually lead to the extension of the list of substances to be reported in the places of the emitters according to the same approach as the national action set out below.
Action planning is declining at the level Regional. Its objectives and organization are described below.
2.2.1. National Goals
Point sources for the release of hazardous substances are one specific case that most often falls under the control of classified facilities. The current knowledge of the sources of the release of dangerous substances is insufficient because, in addition to installations producing or using these substances which are known and followed as such, other facilities are likely to reject Such substances or activities in the aquatic environment in the state of traces (cf. Annex 3).
Regional actions to improve knowledge of the sources of the release of dangerous substances have been carried out since 1990. They have made it possible to highlight the presence of micropollutants in unsuspected sectors or in companies that do not use these products as such, some of which are in ready-to-use preparations or In raw materials. They have also been used to detect leaks of commonly contained substances such as PCBs. Measures have already been taken to impose by regulation (complementary prefectorals) a reduction in the most worrying releases (improved treatment efficiency, possible modification of the process, etc.) as well as An increase in the frequency of controls by an outside agency. In some cases, these measures have also led to the establishment of new requirements for monitoring releases and the environment by the operator.
The increase in knowledge and experience that has been removed, both in terms of The technical conduct of release identification operations that pose a risk to the aquatic environment, as well as priorities, are now allowing the process to be generalized and more effective.
At the level National, the objective is, over a period of five years, to seek the release of Hazardous substances for approximately 5,000 establishments, including classified facilities, treatment plants and other potentially emitters (e.g., hospitals).
A national committee is established. It is facilitated by the Directorate of Pollution Prevention and Risk and is made up of representatives of water management, inspection of classified installations, water agencies, employers' organisations and associations Protection of the environment.
This committee coordinates the regional programmes, in particular by defining the technical specifications for the operations to be carried out at the regional level (hereafter referred to as " Technical specifications "), by providing a national synthesis of the results of these operations and by providing information exchanges between the regional steering committees.
2.2.2. Regional Planning
At the regional level, action planning involves defining a list of establishments to conduct the operation. The operators concerned shall then carry out the operation to be operated for their establishment, in conjunction with the inspection of the classified installations and the water agency, and in accordance with the technical
. Regional offices are established in each French region. They are driven by the inspection of classified installations and bring together all interested parties: water agency (s), regional environmental directorate, employers' organisations and environmental associations, etc. Employers' organisations are a particularly effective relay with operators. Associations may be used for water use where they exist. The chambers of commerce and industry or the regional council may also be associated.
Regional planning aims to ensure a consistent and coherent coverage across the national territory for the identification of Major emitters and, on the other hand, the major aquatic environments affected by pollution. The first task of the Regional Committee is to define a multiannual programme of action, that is to say the period of operation and the volume of operations, as well as all the establishments concerned for each year. This is based on a list of establishments previously prepared by the inspection of classified installations, taking into account, in particular, the parameters listed in Annex 1. It is also based on facilities located on certain watersheds identified by water police and water agencies, including areas protected under Directive 2000 /60/EC.
Once the programme has been defined The operators concerned shall ensure the carrying out of sampling and analysis operations on their installations. The progress of this work shall be presented periodically to the Regional Steering Committee.
The Regional Steering Committee may revise the multiannual action programme in order to take account of the feedback.
2.2.3. Organisation and financing of operations
Each operator concerned is requested to conduct a study of the discharges of dangerous substances by its establishment by complying with the technical specifications. If the operator does not have the necessary expertise, the operator shall involve one or more external providers with such expertise. This study includes an audit to define the sampling points and to ensure that these samples are taken during a relevant period of industrial activity.
This study is preferably carried out within the framework of a Voluntary participation by operators or, where appropriate, by the exercise of the police power of classified installations.
The operator shall receive financial assistance from the water agency, in accordance with the terms and conditions laid down by the Water Agency In partnership with the representatives of the operators concerned and holding Account of the way in which the operator proposes to implement the operation.
In particular, the employers' organisations of the Regional Steering Committee are useful relays for promoting the action to the operators, and In particular to inform them of the arrangements for the granting of aid. They can also provide technical assistance to operators on provider choice.
2.2.4. Exploitation of results
The operation once carried out for its establishment, the operator transmits to the inspection of installations classified the operation report according to the technical specifications. The whole of the reports so furnished leads-in a simple way thanks to the use of computer media defined at national level-to the annual establishment of a regional scoreboard identifying establishments with a rejection to Risk to the aquatic environment.
The Regional Steering Committee shall carry out an annual review of the results, in particular to draw lessons for the sectors listed in Annex 2 and identify the main emitters. These results also contribute to the identification of the main aquatic environments that are subject to harmful substances.
The national committee will report on the results of the national action, in In particular to learn from the business lines listed in Annex 3.
2.2.5. Timeline
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2.2.6. First results
The results of the first phase of analysis of substances in the Champagne-Ardenne pilot region highlight the following main points:
29 substances among the 50 substances in the " List of 99 " Are quantified in releases from the 111 classified installations;
12 substances (among these 29) are quantified in quantities below the emission limit beyond which the emission limit value of the substance is applied (including 7 substances released to less than 0.5 g/day and 5 substances released to less than 10 g/d); these substances are: 1,3-dichlorobenzene (54), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (119), 1,2-dichloroethylene (61), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (53), 2,4-dichlorophenol (64), ethylbenzene (79), dimethoate (73), benzene (7), 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (109), anthracene (3), PCB (101), and Chlorobenzene (20);
17 substances (among these 29) are quantified in quantities greater than the emission limit beyond which the emission limit value of the substance is applied, these are the substances in Table 3, classified by flow Cumulative, decreasing (out of 111 surveyed).
These The first results will need to be supplemented by the results of the inventory operation in other regions in order to be able to conduct a representative analysis in terms of sectors contributing most to the emission of a substance.
TABLE 4
Quantified quantities in excess of the emission limit stream above which the emission limit value
of the substance is applied to the emissions of 111 installations classified in Champagne-Ardenne, 2003 campaign
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3. Selecting Relevant Substances for the Program
3.1. Selection Methodology
The selection of substances relevant to the national plan is based on a decision logic schematized in the figure below. This makes it possible to establish and update the list of nationally relevant substances based on their occurrence in aquatic environments and their emissions in waters. The list must therefore be understood as a scalable list.
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Figure 3: Diagram of the decision logic for selecting substances relevant to the national plan
The listing of substances on the list of this national programme is reviewed according to The following consecutive criteria:
-assessment of hazards to aquatic environments (notably under Directive 67 /548/EEC on the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances, or national assessment);
-chemical properties of the Substance in water;
-quantification of the substance in aquatic environments in France;
-quantification of the substance in water emissions in France.
Under Directive 67 /548/EEC, a substance will be considered As posing a hazard to aquatic environments if it is classified as Annex I to this Directive with risk phrases R. 50, R. 51, R. 52 or R. 53 (3).
In the absence, in French as European, of a risk assessment for aquatic environments for a substance, it is put on hold Status for the national program (excluded or selected as the relevant substance) until scientific knowledge of the substance is improved.
If the substance is not quantified in aquatic environments for at least three Years of monitoring, the substance is removed from the national program.
In The absence of data on the quantification of certain substances in aquatic environments, a national inventory of substances in aquatic environments may be diligent, such as that established under this program Places of substances in the media (cf. § 1.3).
, in the absence of data on the quantification of certain substances in emissions into water, a national inventory may be carried out, such as that introduced in this programme in respect of the state of the emitters' sites (cf. § 2.2).
3.2. Substances excluded from the national programme
The application of the selection methodology on the 99 European litigation substances leads to the exclusion of the national programme, based on current data on the state of the Media and emitters, the substances in the table below (Table 5). This list constitutes a first version of 16 excluded substances, based on available data (see additional data justifying these choices in Appendix 4).
TABLE 5
List of substances excluded from the National program
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3.3. Pending Status Substances
In accordance with the selection methodology, the following 9 substances are placed on hold of status regarding their dangerousness for this program. Their status will be established when scientific advances permit.
TABLE 6
Status Pending Substances List
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3.4. Substances relevant to the national programme
The application of the selection methodology takes the first approach to the list of 74 relevant substances in the national programme. 99 substances ". As a precaution, the 9 substances awaiting status are also provisionally listed as relevant substances until scientific knowledge has evolved. This program currently includes 83 relevant substances (Table 7).
This list constitutes a first version of the relevant substances for the national program, taking into account the state of play and assessment Available risks.
TABLE 7
First list of substances relevant to the national program
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4. Implementation of specific controls on pollution of aquatic environments by relevant substances
4.1. Quality Objectives
The objectives of quality are to protect aquatic ecosystems. They are developed taking into account the available knowledge of both acute and chronic toxicity of each substance for algae or macrophytes, invertebrates and fish (cf. Decree No. 2005-378).
Quality objectives are set out in French legislation in accordance with quality standards (cf. Article L. 211-2 of the Environment Code).
Quality standards are met when, for each substance, concentrations in aquatic environments calculated on average annually from the networks of measures set up for the Water quality monitoring does not exceed the value set.
The order of 20 April 2005 sets quality standards for 36 substances, 18 of which are listed in List II. It will be completed for all the relevant substances.
The development of quality standards is generally based on the methodology described in Annex V of Directive 2000 /60/EC (§ 1.2.3), which aims to determine concentrations Predicted Without Effect for Aquatic Species (CEPNs).
A development of quality standards is underway for saline waters (coastal and marine waters). In the expectation, the quality standards per substance apply to all waters. Their values are recalled in Table 8.
The set of these quality standards can be updated as part of the implementation of Directive 2000 /60/EC in order to correspond more closely to the definition of the quality standard Of this Directive (EQS).
Compliance with quality standards is assessed by means of sampling and analysis which satisfy the following conditions:
-samples taken from surface waters, transitional waters or inland and territorial marine waters must be representative and have sufficient frequency to highlight any changes in the Aquatic environment, taking into account, in particular, the natural variations of the hydrological regime;
-the analytical methods used to determine the concentrations of each substance in the aquatic environment concerned must present Sufficient performance characteristics. Within the limit of technical possibilities, the limit of quantitation, understood to be the smallest value from which there is a measurement result with sufficient fidelity, must be at least less than or equal to the standard of Quality. The accuracy, understood to be the measurement of the systematic error, is, the difference between the average value of a large number of repeated measurements and the exact value, and the fidelity, understood to be the measurement of random error, must Represent at least 30 % of the quality standard.
TABLE 8
Quality standards by substance (NQ)
after the April 20, 2005 order
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Quality standards For the 18 substances in List I of Directive 76 /464/EC are defined by the order of 20 April 2005.
4.2.
reject authorities (point sources)
4.2.1. Prior Approval System for Classified Facilities
Pre-release authorizations are issued for releases to waters that may contain one of the substances relevant to the national program. These authorizations cover direct discharges of substances to the natural environment, such as releases to a wastewater system (or indirect discharges). They are issued as part of the regulations on facilities classified for environmental protection. Law No. 76-663 of 19 July 1976 on installations classified for the protection of the environment, codified in Title I of Book V of the Environment Code, and its implementing decree of 21 September 1977, form the legal basis for this
The authority granted under this regulation refers to the specific release authority (s) granted for relevant substances in the national program.
4.2.2. Emission Limit Values for Classified Facilities
Authorizations contain emission limit values (ELVs) based on the quality objectives of the receiving waters for each relevant substance in the National Program.
National limit values are defined in the Ministerial Order of February 2, 1998. They apply equally to direct discharges and indirect discharges to mixed wastewater treatment plants. These limit values are minimum regulatory requirements for the development of the ELVs contained in individual authorisation orders. More restrictive measures may result from the prefectural decree of authorisation. The limit values for discharges contained in an individual order shall be determined on the basis of the best available techniques and the particular characteristics of the environment, including compliance with the objectives of quality per substance. A national method for calculating these local emission limit values based on quality standards is being developed.
National limit values in the February 2, 1998 Order are recalled in the table. Below (Table 9).
TABLE 9
National emission limit values for the relevant substances
from the list " List II of 99 substances " In the decree of 20 April 2005
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National limit values for the relevant substances apply to the majority of the sectors covered by the classification of classified installations subject to authorisation (cf. Article 1 of the Order of 2 February 1998). The list of sectors covered by the ELVs will be updated on the basis of the results of the national emission inventories being carried out during the implementation of the programme, and in particular the status of the initial sites of the issuers (cf. § 2.2).
4.2.3. Pre-authorization system
for urban wastewater treatment plants
Pre-release authorizations are issued for treatment plants of more than 2000 equivalent inhabitants according to Decree No. 93-743 of 29 March 1993.
Release authorization orders or additional requirements will have to be revised to take into account the quality objectives defined for aquatic environments. However, compliance with these conditions must be both technologically and economically feasible.
Specific measures to reduce emissions can be identified as a result of the national research action And the reduction of discharges of dangerous substances into water by classified installations (cf. § 2), which has been extended to include urban treatment plants and other unclassified facilities.
4.3. Specific provisions for other significant
emissions (non-point sources)
Specific provisions are being implemented to combat diffuse pollution by some substances or some Activities (e.g. (polluted sites and soils).
The pollution of water by plant protection products includes the following specific measures:
-regulatory measures to prohibit or withdraw the placing on the French market (withdrawal of marketing authorisation for agricultural uses of triazines on 22 October 2001, with a deadline for use until 30 September 2003) ; prohibition of non-agricultural uses of atrazine and simazine since 15 February 1997 [4]; prohibition of the placing on the market for agricultural uses of preparations based on lindane since 31 March 1998 and prohibition of employment since July 1, 1998 [5]);
-regulatory measures to reduce doses Use (agricultural practices) and strengthen user controls;
-regulatory measures to reduce usage;
-regulatory measures related to risk management (obligation of unprocessed areas in Edge of watercourses in order to limit the risks of transfer to water ...);
-implementation of the action plan for the reduction of pollution by plant protection products (diagnosis of catchment areas, installation and maintenance Development, recovery of packaging and unused products, control Sprayers, professional and public information) (6);
-incentives in a national program of preventive actions at the regional level to protect water quality;
-information measures These
concern a large number of substances, but are aimed in particular at the 20 substances listed in the table below (Table 10).
TABLE 10
20 relevant plant protection substances
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5. Defining
pollution abatement objectives and
5.1 prevention measures. Pollution Reduction Targets
Under this program, pollution reduction targets will be defined per relevant substance in the following two cases:
-when site status review Aquatic environments show the presence of a substance;
-where the research action of the major releases of hazardous substances highlights the presence of a substance (cf. § 2.2.4 " Exploitation of results ", in particular for the sectors listed in Annex 3).
Where appropriate, specific objectives will be defined for certain basins.
Quantified reduction targets will be defined according to a Schedule based on the level of presence found in the medium or releases and taking into account the hazardous nature of the substances.
Reduction targets are set for substances whose release in significant quantities is Found on the basis of available data (data on the status of emissions Carried out between 1991 and 2000 and the annual declaration of emissions under the decree of 24 December 2002 (cf. Chapter " Monitoring " And Annex 4).
These initial reduction targets concern 18 substances with quality standards under the decree of 20 April 2005 (cf. Table 11).
They correspond to the reduction in the level of point emissions to be achieved by 2015, in particular through the implementation of the reduction measures to be defined under paragraph 5.2. Of this programme. They do not apply individually to each transmitting facility but to the total emissions. The base year for calculating emission reductions is 1995. The emissions for the base year are calculated as follows:
-the estimated emission level of a substance in 1995 is the sum of the emissions listed in the inventory carried out between 1991 and 2000 in nine French regions (for Rhône-Alpes, the highest emission of the two inventories in 1993 And 1998);
-any new emission discovered after the 2000 inventories is added to the 1995 emission level and any new emitter is counted retroactively.
TABLE 11
Reduction Targets Set for 18 relevant substances in the national programme
with quality standards for the April 20, 2005 Order
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5.2. Pollution Control Measures
of Classified Facilities
The inspection of classified facilities is based on the pollution abatement objectives and specific objectives, if any, for Certain basins, in order to take regulatory corrective measures, establishment by establishment, taking into account the analysis of the origin of the substances, the opportunities for reduction and the best available techniques under conditions Economically acceptable. Such measures may be to impose on the operator a reduction in discards of greatest concern by improving the efficiency of the treatment of effluent or by modifying its process, resulting in a lowering of the emission limit values of The prefectural order of authorization. They may also consist of a reinforcement of the monitoring of releases, be it the monitoring carried out under the responsibility of the operator or the measures carried out under the control of the inspection
Quality for receiving waters are not met, the pre-release authorizations may be reviewed, which may lead to the revision of emission limit values in some prefectural orders.
5.3. Measures for Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants
Release authorization orders or additional requirements shall ensure that the quality objectives defined for aquatic environments are taken into account. However, compliance with these conditions must be both technologically and economically feasible.
Specific measures to reduce emissions can be identified as a result of the national research action And the reduction of discharges of hazardous substances into water by classified facilities, whose scope has been extended to urban treatment plants and other unclassified facilities.
5.4. Market-Related Measures
The measures to prohibit placing on the market are pollution prevention measures. They can be studied and developed on a case-by-case basis.
Some substances are already subject to bans:
-ban on the European market for benzidine (8) in 1989, transposed into French law in the decree of February 1993 (when the proportion of benzidine of products exceeds 0.1 %);
-withdrawal of marketing authorisation for Agricultural uses of the triazines of 22 October 2001, with a deadline for use until 30 September 2003;
-prohibition of non-agricultural uses of atrazine and simazine since 15 February 1997 (7);
-prohibition of the placing on The market for agricultural uses of preparations based on lindane since 31 March 1998 And employment ban since 1 July 1998.
5.5. Other specific measures
Other specific measures are implemented for certain substances and specific areas:
-voluntary commitments, including the development of good practice guides ;
-best available techniques (BAT) under the IPPC Directive (8): information exchanges in the IPPC Directive should be guided in such a way that the performance of substance emissions is described in BREF documents (9);
-National health-environment plan: Development of an integrated strategy to reduce benzene in releases to air and water;
-aid actions of water agencies to combat pollution: Creation or improvement of purification capacity, reliability of the level of pollution control, reduction at source, incentives for the introduction of clean technologies, connection and pre-treatment, prevention of accidental and diffuse pollution, Accountability of the waste stream;
-awareness-raising and household information actions.
6. Monitoring
Monitoring should ensure that quality objectives (quality standards) are met in receiving waters and that additional emission reduction measures are required (operational monitoring). It must also be able to determine the total charge per substance in each basin and the overall plan for the entire territory.
Research actions for pollutants requiring pollution abatement measures Must also be carried out, such as, for example, the national action set out in the circular of 4 February 2002.
A system for monitoring media and releases is set up for each relevant substance.
The results of the Surveillance is made available to the public via the information system on The water being developed.
6.1. Monitoring
6.1.1 media. Surface Freshwater Monitoring
In terms of surface water monitoring (rivers and rivers), the current National Watershed Network (NRA) responds in part to the needs of the national
. The National Basin Network (GNI), implemented since 1987, is a heritage network that contributes to a general understanding of the spatial and temporal evolution of water quality at the national level and at the level of the six major basins. Through its structure, sustainability and operational character, it meets the following knowledge, balance sheet and information objectives:
-knowing the quality of the watercourses and its evolution;
-revealing possible new types of degradation of these environments;
-providing the knowledge necessary for the implementation of European and national regulations, and In particular to their translation into the SDAGE guidelines;
-to globally assess the impact on the natural environment of urban and industrial discharges, works and diffuse pollution;
-assess the impact of actions on the long-term Protection and restoration of the quality of watercourses;
-informing all Users of watercourse quality and its evolution, including through the National Water Data Network (NRA), the National Water Data Bank (BNDE) and the basin banks.
This network is not intended to detect Accidental pollution. It does not provide for regulatory monitoring of discharges to surface waters (police of classified installations; water police). The network tracks watercourses that are not subject to tidal salt influence. Measurement stations can be located on channels.
The GNI is organised at the level of each of the six major river basins by adhering to common rules in these basins to ensure the necessary coherence of the network. The GNI structure is structured according to three principles.
6.1.1.1. Consistency of Measurement Station Density
Metering stations are classified according to three purposes whose respect guide the choice:
-the reference stations, intended for a follow up of sectors not at all, or Very little disturbed by human activities;
-human impact assessment stations to account for:
a) From the potentiality of the waters to the various uses and functions of the environment;
b) The impact of the measures taken for the protection and reconquest of the environment;
-the trending stations, intended to evaluate the quantities Transport and discharges to maritime or territorial limits, in particular through:
a) Stations downstream of the main sub-basins;
b) Flow stations.
The desirable number of measurement stations must be adjusted:
-the area of the basin and the development of the hydrographic network, taking into account, in particular, the need to know better the upstream network;
-pollution from domestic, industrial and agricultural origin;
-to the Dispersion of activities in the basin.
The positioning of measurement stations takes into account the criteria defined since 1987, including the structure of the river system and the geological diversity of the basin. In particular, the location of reference stations and trending stations is conditioned according to geological and hydromorphological criteria (upstream reference, downstream of large rivers, upstream of major confences, changes Notable geological and hydromorphological ...).
The location of the evaluation stations depends on the location of the pollution foci and the quality improvement policy conducted in the basin.
The inclusion of new stations In the network follows the common rules detailed above.
6.1.1.2. Selection of Mandatory Parameters
The parameters measured on all stations are:
-if possible, the rate at the time of collection (average daily rate or instantaneous flow rate), or any other assessment of a volume over a given time when the measurement of a flow, in the strict sense, has no meaning;
-the Physicochemical parameters qualifying alterations in stream quality;
-a biological indicator;
-chlorophyll A and pheopigments; they are at least measured in areas at risk of eutrophication or Eutrophiss.
As early as 1997, micropollutants are monitored on a portion of the The methodological guide ("Interagency Studies", n ° 54, 1998) constitutes a reference for this follow-up. The main list (cf. Annex 4) shall be carried out at least on the whole selection. A complementary list is applied according to the purposes of the stations.
The placement of integrative supports (sediments, suspended matter, bryophytes ...) is preferred for certain parameters, in particular some Micro-pollutants.
6.1.1.3. Harmonization of Data Collection Protocols
The following operations are carried out in accordance with nationally harmonized protocols to be identified by the SANDRE:
-preparation and cleaning of collection, filtration and sampling equipment;
-sampling and in situ measurements;
-processing, storage, transport of samples;
-sample analyses (standards AFNOR or written protocols).
All measurement stations are tracked on an annual basis.
Reference stations may be subject to more limited monitoring, such as a three-year campaign specifically for micropollutants; " Reference years " Are identical at the national level.
The frequency of data collection is tailored to the purposes of each station and to the requirements of statistical processing (including the estimation of flows).
In particular, the Chlorophyll A and pheopigments are measured at least once a month, during periods of proliferation in areas sensitive to eutrophication, with lower frequency in the other zones. The biological indicator is measured at least once a year. For micropollutants, the frequencies and sampling periods depend on the support to be analyzed and the targeted substances.
The total number of network stations is as follows:
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(10) AG: Adour-Garonne; AP: Artois-Picardie; LB: Loire-Bretagne; RM: Rhine-Meuse; RMC: Rhône-Mediterranean-Corsica; SN: Seine-Normandie.
Funding for all operations is provided by water agencies and the state.
The GNI is required by the beginning of 2007 to be adapted to the requirements of Directive 2000 /60/EC on monitoring. These will require the adaptation of this network and the extension of surveillance to all relevant substances. Strategic points such as the closure of large catchment areas, as well as territorial or maritime boundaries, can usefully be selected to assess the development of pollution by substances
The monitoring results are interpreted using the SEQeau calculation method and according to the quality standards for each substance.
6.1.2. Monitoring the Marine Environment
For coastal waters, the objective of the National Marine Environmental Quality Monitoring Network (NSN) is to assess levels and trends of chemical contaminants as well as Monitoring of biological effects.
This network was established in 1974 by the Ministry of the Environment and is coordinated by IFREMER. The component " Contaminants " Was established as of 1979.
Due to the analytical difficulties due to very low concentrations in water, this monitoring focuses primarily on the living matter essentially mussels and oysters.
Forty-three Coastlines are sampled, or about 100 sampling points. Additional monitoring is also carried out in fish and sediments. For the latter, which includes several years of contamination and therefore does not require annual monitoring, an annual campaign can be used to cover the French coastline in eight to ten
. (mercury, cadmium, lead, zinc, copper), organochlorines (DDT, lindane, PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
The NWR is being adapted to meet the needs of the monitoring programs for the state of the waters that are Provided for in Article 8 of Directive 2000 /60/EC and shall be operational in December 2006.
The planned sampling strategy could integrate two approaches:
-the choice of large estuaries (Seine, Loire, Garonne/Dordogne, and Rhône) as monitoring sites;
-the choice of estimate of Chemical inputs of micropollutants in coastal zones as an objective of monitoring.
6.1.3. Quality Assurance
Quality assurance procedures are based, in particular, on practical guides to sample collection and accreditation procedures and mandatory annual participation in Intercalibration exercises between testing laboratories.
The Ministry of the Environment issues an accreditation in this direction.
Existing procedures will have to be adapted to the needs of the program, particularly in terms of Concerns the analytical performance to be achieved to estimate compliance Quality standards.
6.1.4. Exceptional inventory of aquatic environments in 2005
An exceptional monitoring of substances resulting from European regulations, in particular through Directives 76 /464/EC and 2000 /60/EC, is being implemented in 2005 on the Water bodies, water bodies, and transitional and coastal waters.
The objectives of this inventory are:
-select substances relevant to monitoring aquatic environments;
-assess contamination of environments against quality standards;
-identify priorities for action based on basins or sub-basins Reduction of inputs in the implementation of the " National Program for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution by Certain Hazardous Substances Discovered in the Aquatic Environment ".
Approximately 200 substances are covered by this exceptional inventory. The measurement points included in this inventory are as follows:
-150 National Basin Network (GNI) or complementary network monitoring stations, in particular the 16 stations selected for the purpose of European report on Directive 76 /464/EEC and the stations included in the monitoring programmes of the international commissions for the protection of rivers (11) (cf. Annex 6);
-50 water stations;
-20 transitional and coastal water stations, including the National Observing Network (NRN).
Water agencies are responsible for implementing this exceptional inventory According to national requirements.
Results are expected by end of November 2005.
TABLE 12
Distribution of measurement points by basin (International stations are to be taken on the numbers indicated)
based on the proportion of stream length and the distribution of surface water bodies greater than 50 ha
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6.2. Release Monitoring (Point Sources)
Release monitoring is conducted as part of the regulatory environment for environmental protection, cited above.
The operator of a A classified facility is required to set up a monitoring program for its releases and to periodically communicate the results of its measures to the inspection of classified facilities. The measures shall be carried out under the responsibility of the operator and at his own expense under the conditions laid down in the authorisation order, which also prescribes the nature and frequency of measures defining the programme for monitoring emissions And the receiving aquatic environment. Reference methods for sampling and analysis are set out in the appendix to the February 2, 1998, order.
An annual report of emissions of substances is carried out by the operator with the inspection of facilities In aqueous releases. The order of 24 December 2002 sets out the conditions for this declaration, which covers approximately 60 substances, including 11 substances relevant to the national programme: anthracene (3), arsenic (4), benzene (7), benzidine (8), 1,2-dibromo-ethane (48), dichloromethane (62), epichlorohydrin (78), naphthalene (96), PAHs (99), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (119) and vinyl chloride (128), and one parameter, BTEX, containing 4 relevant substances: benzene (7), toluene (112), ethylbenzene (79) and xylenes (129). Additional provisions are being made to cover all relevant substances in the national programme, following identification of the main emitting sectors of these substances. This identification is the result, in the initial phase of implementation of this programme, of the exploitation of the results of the national action for the research and reduction of discharges of dangerous substances into water by the classified facilities As committed by the aforementioned February 4, 2002 circular.
7. Calendar
The actions described in the programme will be carried out according to the schedule and periodicity set out below.
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8. Program Monitoring Indicators
Each year the Department of the Environment takes stock of the implementation of the program. It provides guidance on:
-the number of authorizations granted;
-the results of the emission measures for each substance;
-an analysis of the evolution of the emissions by substance;
-the evolution of compliance with the quality objectives of each substance Instead of each monitoring station selected for the program;
-the number of community monitoring stations selected for the program failing to meet quality objectives;
-a financial indicator of annual amounts Committed by water agencies to the fight against pollution by substances Hazardous.
9. References
Decree No. 2005-378 of 20 April 2005 on the National Programme of Action against the Pollution of Aquatic Environment by Certain Hazardous Substances (Official Journal of 23 April 2005)
Decree of 20 April 2005 and adopted on 27 April 2005 pursuant to Decree No. 2005-378 (Official Journal of 23 April 2005 and 22 May 2005).
The micropolluants measure within the framework of the national basin network. Methodology and Recommendations, " Interagency Study ", No. 54, 1998.
RNDE. -Micropolluants in streams. -Three years of observations (1995 to 1997), 1999
RNO Bulletin 2001 ".
IFREMER," RNO Bulletin 2002 ".
Institut français de l' environnement. -Pesticides in water. -Sixth annual review. -2002 data, " Studies and IFEN Work ", No. 42, September 2004.
Decree of 2 February 1998 on water sampling and consumption, as well as emissions of all kinds of installations classified for the protection of the environment subject to Authorization. -Official Journal of 3 March 1998.
Direction régionale de l' industrie, de la recherche et de l' environnement de Poitou-Charentes, Inventory of micropollutants in 27 establishments in the region of Poitou-Charentes. -Charente-Maritime Department (February 1996-August 1998). -Survey 132 substances, September 1998, 24 p.
Regional Directorate for Industry, Research and Environment of Picardie, Les Micropolluants de l' eau en Picardie. -July 2000 inventory of industrial discharges, July 2000, 200 p.
Regional Directorate for Industry, Research and Environment of Rhône-Alpes, Inventory of micropolluant discharges in 124 industrial establishments in the region Rhône-Alpes, April 1995, 44 p.
Direction régionale de l' industrie, de la recherche et de l' environnement de Rhône-Alpes, 2nd inventory of micropolluant discharges in 168 industrial establishments in the Rhône-Alpes region, June 2001, 32 p.
Regional Directorate for Industry, Research and Midi-Pyrénées environment, Results of the campaign to measure 132 toxic substances in the aqueous discharges of the main industrialists of Midi-Pyrénées, 1998, 32 p.
Regional Directorate for Industry, Research and Environment of Franche-Comté, Inventory of Toxic Substances Releases to Waters (October 1993-April 1995). -Investigation 132 substances, August 1996, 80 p.
10. List of acronyms
IFEN: Institut français de l' environnement.
IFREMER: Institut français de recherche pour l' exploitation de la mer.
INERIS: Institut national de l' environnement et des
. : Quality Standard.
OIEau: International Water Board.
RNB: National Basin Network.
NDE: National Water Data Network.
RNO: National Marine Environmental Quality Monitoring Network.
SAGE: Schema
SANDER: National Water Data Administration Secretariat.
SDAGE: A blueprint for water management and management.
LE: Emission limit value.
A N N E X E 1
LIST OF 99 SUBSTANCES IN LIST II OF
DIRECTIVE 76 /464/EEC (VISED BY THE ECJ JUDGMENTS)
You can view the table in the OJ
n ° 162 of 13/07/2005 text number 53
A N N E X E 2
PARAMETERS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAIN FEATURES
Presence of pollutants in the environment.
Sensitivity of Receiving environment, as a function of discharge, of its calling ...
The receiving environment reported by a SDAGE.
Geographic area undergoing a concerted operation (SAGE, river contract)
Presence of polluting substances In releases.
The presence of polluting substances in releases from similar facilities.
Alleged pollutant substances and no data on releases from the facility.
Diversity of Hazardous substances present in the facility.
Lack of Water pollution abatement treatment.
A N N E X E 3
ACTIVITY SECTORS
SUBJECT TO A NATIONAL RECORD
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No 162 of the 13/07/2005 text number 53
A N N E X E 4
SELECTION OF RELEVANT SUBSTANCES
AT NATIONAL LEVEL
Additional data from media monitoring From 1999 to 2002 justifying a non-selection of the Of the relevant substance list.
Unselected substances (table below).
TABLE 4-1
Statistics on the levels of pesticides in surface waters based on the results of the Monitoring of watercourses (GNI) from 1999 to 2002
for plant protection substances (extracts from the IFEN annual balance sheets, Pesticides in Waters, September 2002, July 2003, September 2004). -Concentration in
You can view the table in OJ
No 162 of 13/07/2005 text number 53
You can view the table in OJ
n ° 162 of 13/07/2005 text number 53
You can view the table in OJ
No 162 of 13/07/2005 Text number 53
A N N E X E 5
WATER COURSE MONITORING (GNI). -MAIN LIST OF MICROPOLLUTANTS TO MEASURING SELECTED STATIONS IN THIS END
You can view the table in OJ
No. 162 of 13/07/2005 text number 53
A N N E X E 6
LIST OF NATIONAL BASIN NETWORK STATIONS CONCERNED BY REPORTAGE UNDER DIRECTIVE 76/464 AS A COUNCIL DECISION OF 12 DECEMBER 1977 ESTABLISHING A COMMON PROCEDURE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON THE QUALITY OF SURFACE FRESH WATER IN THE COMMUNITY, AND INTERNATIONAL FLUVIAL STATIONS (IN GRAS)
You can consult the table in OJ
No 162 of 13/07/2005 text number 53
Done at Paris, 30 June 2005.
Nelly Olin
