INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS ACT, 2008
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS ACT, 2008
Last Updated: 20081201
Contents
PREAMBLE .
1 SHORT TITLE, EXTENT, COMMENCEMENT AND APPLICATION
2 DEFINITIONS
3 TRADE UNIONS AND FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION
4 APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION
5 REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICATION
6 REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION
7 ISQUALIFICATION FOR BEING AN OFFICER OF A TRADE UNION
8 REGISTERED TRADE UNION TO MAINTAIN REGISTER, ETC
9 REGISTRATION
10 TRANSFER, ETC, OF OFFICER OF TRADE UNION DURING PENDENCYOF APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION
11 CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION
12 CANCELLATION OF REGISTRATION
13 APPEAL AGAINST CANCELLATION
14 REGISTRAR OF TRADE UNIONS
15 POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF REGISTRAR
16 INCORPORATION OF REGISTERED TRADE UNION
17 UNFAIR LABOUR PRACTICES ON THE PART OF EMPLOYERS
18 UNFAIR LABOUR PRACTICES ON THE PART OF A WORKMEN
19 LAW OF CONSPIRACY LIMITED IN APPLICATION
20 IMMUNITY FROM CIVIL SUIT IN CERTAIN CASES
21 ENFORCEABILITY OF AGREEMENT
22 REGISTRATION OF FEDERATION OF TRADE UNIONS
23 RETURNS
24 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGENT
25 NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMMISSION
26 BENCHES OF THE COMMISSION, ETC
27 ADDITIONAL POWERS OF THE COMMISSION
28 APPEALS
29 FINALITY OF ORDER
30 DETERMINATION, ETC, OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING UNIT
31 POWER TO MAKE REGULATIONS
32 CHECK OFF
33 SHOP STEWARD TO ACT AS LINK BETWEEN LABOUR ANDMANAGEMENT
34 JOINT MANAGEMENT BOARD
35 INSPECTOR
36 PENALTY FOR OBSTRUCTING INSPECTOR
37 PENALTY FOR CONTRAVENING SECTION 34 OR SECTION 35, ETC
38 WORKS COUNCIL
39 FUNCTIONS OF WORKS COUNCIL
40 REDRESS OF INDIVIDUAL GRIEVANCES
41 NEGOTIATIONS RELATING TO DIFFERENCES AND DISPUTES
42 CONCILIATOR
43 NOTICE OF STRIKE OR LOCKOUT
44 CONCILIATION AFTER NOTICE OF STRIKE OR LOCKOUT
45 PROCEEDINGS BEFORE CONCILIATOR
46 ARBITRATION
47 STRIKE AND LOCKOUT
48 STRIKE OR, LOCK OUT IN PUBLIC UTILITY SERVICES
49 APPLICATION TO LABOUR COURT
50 RAISING OF INDUSTRIAL DISPUTE BY FEDERATION
51 LABOUR COURT
52 PROCEDURE AND POWERS OF LABOUR COURT
53 AWARDS AND DECISIONS OF LABOUR COURT
54 LABOUR APPELLATE TRIBUNAL
55 SETTLEMENTS AND AWARDS ON WHOM BINDING
56 EFFECTIVE DATE OF SETTLEMENT, AWARD, ETC
57 COMMENCEMENT AND CONCLUSION OF PROCEEDINGS
58 CERTAIN MATTERS TO BE KEPT CONFIDENTIAL
59 RAISING OF INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES
60 PROHIBITION OF SERVING NOTICE OF STRIKE OR LOCKOUT WHILEPROCEEDINGS PENDING
61 POWERS OF LABOUR COURT AND TRIBUNAL TO PROHIBIT STRIKE,ETC
62 ILLEGAL STRIKES AND LOCKOUT
63 PROCEDURE IN CASES OF ILLEGAL STRIKES OR LOCKOUT
64 CONDITIONS OF SERVICE TO REMAIN UNCHANGED WHILEPROCEEDINGS PENDING
65 REMOVAL OF FIXED ASSETS
67 PROTECTION OF CERTAIN PERSONS
68 REPRESENTATION OF PARTIES
69 INTERPRETATION OF SETTLEMENT AND AWARDS
70 RECOVERY OF MONEY DUE FROM AN EMPLOYER UNDERSETTLEMENT OR AWARD
71 PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS PENDING ASCERTAINMENT OFCOLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGENT
72 PENALTY FOR UNFAIR LABOUR PRACTICES
73 PENALTY FOR COMMITTING BREACH OF SETTLEMENT
74 PENALTY FOR FAILING TO IMPLEMENT SETTLEMENT, ETC
75 PENALTY FOR DISCHARGING OFFICER OF TRADE UNION IN CERTAINCIRCUMSTANCES, ETC
76 PENALTY FOR DISCHARGING OFFICER OF TRADE UNION IN CERTAINCIRCUMSTANCES, ETC
77 PENALTY FOR EMBEZZLEMENT OR MISAPPROPRIATION OF FUNDS
78 PENALTY FOR OTHER OFFENCES
79 OFFENCE TO BE NONCOGNIZABLE
80 OFFENCES BY CORPORATION
81 TRIAL OF OFFENCES
82 INDEMNITY
83 REGISTRAR, ETC, TO BE PUBLIC SERVANTS
84 LIMITATION
85 POWER TO MAKE RULES
86 TRANSFER OF PENDING PROCEEDINGS
87 REPEAL AND SAVINGS
88 FORMER REGISTRATION OFFICES, OFFICERS, ETC, TO CONTINUE
89 REMOVAL OF DIFFICULTIES
SCHEDULE PUBLIC UTILITY SERVICES
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS ACT, 2008
ACT NO.IV of 2008
An Act to consolidated and rationalize the law relating to formation of trade unions, and improvement of relations between employers and workman.
WHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and rationalize the law relating to formation of trade unions, regulation of relations between employers and workman and the avoidance and settlement of any differences or disputes arising between them or matters connected therewith and ancillary thereto;
It is hereby enacted as follows:
PRELIMINARY
1. Short title, extent, application and commencement. (1) This Act may be called the Industrial Relations Act, 2008.
(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan.
(3) It shall apply to all persons employed in any establishment or industry, but shall not apply to any person employed
(a) in the Police or any of the Defence Services of Pakistan or any services or installations exclusively connected with or incidental to the Armed Forces of Pakistan including an Ordnance Factory maintained by the Federal Government;
(b) in the administration of the State other than those employed as workmen by the Railway and Pakistan Post;
(c) as a member of the Security Staff of the Pakistan International Airlines Corporation, or drawing wages in pay group, not lower than group V, in the establishment of that Corporation as the Federal Government may, in the public interest or in the interest of security of the Airlines, by notification in the official Gazette, specify in this behalf;
(d) by the Pakistan Security Printing Corporation or the Security Papers Limited;
(e) by an establishment or institution for the treatment or care of sick, infirm, destitute or mentally unfit persons excluding those run on commercial basis;
(f) as a member of the Watch and Ward, Security or Fire Service Staff of an oil refinery, an airport or seaport; and
(g) as a member of the Security or Fire Service Staff of an establishment engaged in the production, transmission or distribution of natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.
(4) It shall come into force at once.
2. Definitions. In this Act unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,
(i) “arbitrator” means a person appointed as such under section 47;
(ii) “award” means the determination by a Labour Court, Arbitrator or Appellate Tribunal of any industrial dispute or any matter relating thereto and includes an interim award;
(iii) “collective bargaining agent” in relation to an establishment or industry, means the trade union of the workmen which under section 24, is the agent of workmen in the establishment or, as the case may be, industry, in the matter of collective bargaining;
(iv) “collective bargaining unit” means those workers or class of workers of an employer in one or more establishment falling within the same class of industry whose terms and conditions of employment are, or could appropriately be, the subject of collective bargaining together;
(v) “Commission” means the National Industrial Relations Commission constituted under section 25;
(vi) “conciliation proceedings” means any proceedings before a conciliator;
(vii) “Conciliator” means,
(a) in respect of disputes which the National Industrial Relations Commission is competent to adjudicate and determine, a person appointed as such under sub section (2) of section 43; and
(b) in respect of other disputes, a person appointed as such under subsection (1) of that section;
(viii) “employer” in relation to an establishment, means any person or body of persons, whether incorporated or not, who or which employs workmen in the establishment under a contract of employment and includes
(a) an heir, successor or assign, as the case may be, of such person or body as aforesaid;
(b) any person responsible for the management, supervision and control of the establishment;
(c) in relation to an establishment run by or under the authority of any department of the Federal Government or Provincial
Government, the authority appointed in this behalf or, where no authority is so appointed, the Head of the department;
(d) in relation to an establishment run by or on behalf of a local authority, the officer appointed in this behalf, or where no officer is so appointed, the chief executive officer of that authority;
Explanation. For the purpose of distinction from the category of “workers” or “workmen”, officers and employees of a department of the Federal Government or a Provincial Government or local authority who belong to the superior, managerial, secretarial, directorial, supervisory or agency staff and who have been notified for this purpose in the official Gazette shall be deemed to fall within the category of “employers”; and
(e) in relation to any other establishment, the proprietor of such establishment and every director, manager, secretary, agent or officer or person concerned with the management of the affairs thereof;
(ix) “establishment” means any office, firm, factory, society, undertaking, company, shop, premises or enterprise, which employs workmen directly or through a contractor for the purpose of carrying on any business or industry and includes all its departments and branches, whether situated in the same place or in different places and except in section 30 includes a collective bargaining unit, if any, constituted by any establishment or group of establishments;
(x) “executive” means the body, by whatever name called, to which the management of the affairs of a trade union is entrusted by its constitution;
(xi) “illegal lockout” means a lockout declared, commenced or continues otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Act;
(xii) “illegal strike” means a strike declared, commenced or continues otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Act;
(xiii) “industrial dispute” means any dispute or difference between employers and employers or between employers and workmen or between workmen and workmen which is connected with the employment or nonemployment or the terms of employment or the conditions of work of any person, and is not in respect of the enforcement of such right guaranteed or accrued to him by or under any law other than this Act, or any award or settlement for
the time being in force;
(xiv) “industry” means any business, trade, manufacture, calling, service, employment or occupation of producing goods or services for sale excluding those set up for charitable purposes;
(xv) “inspector” means an inspector appointed under this Act;
(xvi) “Labour Court” means a Labour Court established under section 52;
(xvii) “lockout” means the closing of place of employment or part of such place, or the suspension, wholly or partly, of work by an employer, or refusal, absolute or conditional, by an employer to continue to employ any number of workmen employed by him, where such closing, suspension or refusal occurs in connection with an industrial dispute or is intended for the purpose of compelling workmen employed to accept certain terms and conditions of or affecting employment;
(xviii) “officer” in relation to a trade union, means any member of the executive thereof but does not include an auditor or legal adviser;
(xix) “organization” means any organization of workers or of employers for furthering and defending the interests of workers or of employers;
(xx) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules;
(xxi) “public utility service” means any of the services specified in the Schedule;
(xxii) “registered trade union” means a trade union registered under this Act;
(xxiii) “Registrar” means a Registrar of trade unions appointed under section 14;
(xxiv) “rules” means rules made under this Act;
(xxv) “settlement” means a settlement arrived at in the course of a conciliation proceeding, and includes an agreement between an employer and his workmen arrived at otherwise than in the course of any conciliation proceedings, where such agreement is in writing, has been signed by the parties thereto in such manner as may be prescribed and a copy thereof has been sent to the Provincial Government, the Conciliator and such other person as may be prescribed;
(xxvi) “strike” means a cessation of work by a body of persons employed in
any establishment acting in combination or a concerted refusal, or refusal under a common understanding of any number of persons who are or have been so employed to continue to work or to accept employment;
(xxvii) “trade union” means any combination of workmen or employers formed primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations between workmen and employers, or workmen and workmen or employers and employers, or for imposing restrictive conditions on the conduct of any trade or business and includes a federation of two or more trade unions;
(xxviii) “Tribunal” means a Labour Appellate Tribunal constituted under section 55; and
(xxix) “worker” and “workman” mean person not failing within the definition of employer who is employed (including employment as a supervisor or as an apprentice) in an establishment or industry for hire or reward either directly or through a contractor whether the terms of employment express or implied, and, for the purpose of any proceedings under this Act in relation to an industrial dispute includes a person who has been dismissed, discharged, retrenched, laidoff or otherwise removed from employment in connection with or as a consequence of that dispute or whose dismissal, discharge, retrenchment, layoff, or removal has led to that dispute but does not include any person who is employed mainly in managerial or administrative capacity.
3. Trade unions and freedom of association. Subject to the provisions of this Act and notwithstanding any other law for the time being in force,
(a) workers, without distinction whatsoever, shall have the right to establish and, subject to the rules of the organization concerned, to join international associations of their own choice without previous authorization:
Provided that no worker shall be entitled to be a member of more than one trade union at any one time and on joining another union the earlier membership shall automatically stand cancelled;
(b) employers, without distinction whatsoever, shall have the right to establish and, subject only to the rules of the organization concerned, to join international associations of their own choice without previous authorization;
(c) every trade union and employers association shall frame its own constitution and rules to elect its representatives in full freedom to organize its administration and activities and to formulate its programmes; and
(d) workers’ and employers’ organizations shall have the right to establish and join federations and confederations and any such organization, federation or confederation shall have the right to affiliate with international organizations and confederations of workers’ and employers’ organizations.
4. Application for registration. Any trade union may, under the signature of its President and the Secretary, apply to the Registrar for registration of the trade union under this Act.
5. Requirements for application. Every application for registration of Trade Union shall be made to the Registrar and shall be accompanied by
(a) a statement showing
(i) the name of the trade union and the address of its Head Office;
(ii) date of formation of the union;
(iii) the titles, names, ages, addresses and occupations of the officers of the trade union;
(iv) statement of total paid membership;
(v) the name of the establishment or group of establishments, or the industry, as the case may be, to which the trade union relates along with a statement of the total number of workers employed therein;
(vi) the names and addresses of the registered trade unions in the establishment group of establishments or industry, as the case may be, to which the union relates; and
(vii) in case of a federation of trade unions, the names, addresses and registration number of memberunions;
(b) three copies of the constitution of the trade union together with a copy of the resolution by the members of the trade union adopting such constitution bearing the signature of the Chairman of the meeting;
(c) a copy of the resolution by the members of the trade union authorizing its President and the Secretary to apply for its registration; and
(d) in case of a federation of trade unions, a copy of the resolution from each of the constituent unions agreeing to become a member of the federation.
6. Requirements for registration. (1) A trade union shall not be entitled to
registration under this Act unless the constitution thereof provide for the following matters, namely.
(a) the name and address of the trade union;
(b) the objects for which the trade union has been formed;
(c) the purposes for which the general funds of the union shall be utilized;
(d) the number of persons forming the executive which shall not exceed the prescribed limit and shall include not less than seventy five percent from amongst the workmen actually engaged or employed in the establishment or establishments or the industry for which the trade union has been formed;
(e) the conditions under which a member shall be entitle to any benefit assured by the constitution of the trade union and under which any fine or forfeiture may be imposed on him;
(f) the maintenance of a list of the members of the trade union and of adequate facilities for the inspection thereof by the officers and members of the trade union;
(g) the manner in which the constitution shall be amended, varied or rescinded;
(h) the safe custody of the funds of the trade union, its annual audit, the manner of audit and adequate facilities for inspection of the account books by the officers and members of the trade union;
(i) the manner in which the trade union may be dissolved;
(j) the manner of election of officers by the general body of the trade union and the term, not exceeding two years, for which an officer may hold office upon his election or re election;
(k) the procedure for expressing no confidence in any officer of the trade union; and
(l) the meeting of the executive and of the general body of the trade union so that the executive shall meet at least once in every three months and the general body at least once a year.
(2) Without prejudice to the provisions of subsection (1), a trade union of workmen shall not be entitled to registration under this Act
(a) unless all its members are workmen actually engaged or employed in the industry with which the trade union is connected; and
(b) where there are two or more registered trade unions in the establishment, group of establishments or industry with which the trade union is connected, unless it has as its members not less than onefifth of the total number of workmen employed in such establishment, group of establishments or industry, as the case may be.
7. Disqualification for being an officer of a trade union.__ Notwithstanding anything contained in the constitution or rules of a trade union, a person who has been convicted of offence under section 78 or heinous offence under the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860) shall be disqualified from being elected as, or from being, an officer of a trade union.
8. Registered trade union to maintain register, etc.__ Every registered trade union shall maintain in such form as may be prescribed
(a) a register of members showing particulars of subscriptions paid by each member;
(b) an accounts book showing receipts and expenditure; and
(c) a minute book for recording the proceedings of meetings.
9. Registration.__ (1) The Registrar, on being satisfied that the trade union has complied with all the requirements of this Act, shall register the trade union in a prescribed register and issue a registration certificate in the prescribed form within a period of fifteen days from the date of receipt of the application. In case the application is found by the Registrar to be deficient in a material respect he shall communicate in writing his objections to the trade union within a period of fifteen days from the receipt of the application and the trade union shall reply thereto within a period of fifteen days from the receipt of the objections.
(2) When the objections raised by the Registrar have been satisfactorily met, the Registrar shall register the trade union as provided in sub section (1) and issue a certificate of registration in the prescribed form within three days of the date of the objections having been so met. In case the objections are not satisfactorily met, the Registrar may reject the application.
(3) In case the application has been rejected or the Registrar has delayed disposal of the application beyond the period of fifteen days provided in subsection (1) or has not issued a certificate of registration within a period of three days as provided in subsection (2), as the case may be, the trade union may appeal to the Labour Court who for reasons to be stated in its judgment may pass an order directing the Registrar to register the trade union and to issue a certificate of registration or may dismiss the appeal.
(4) Notwithstanding anything constrained in any other provision of this Act, very alteration made in the constitution of a registered trade union and every change of its officers shall be notified by registered post by the trade union to the Registrar within fifteen days of such change.
(5) The Registrar may refuse to register such change or alteration if it is in contravention of any of the provisions of this Act, or if it is in violation of the constitution of the trade union.
(6) Subject to the provision of subsection (5), every inclusion or exclusion of any constituent unit of a federation of trade unions shall be notified by registered post by the federation to the Registrar within fifteen days of such inclusion or exclusion.
(7) In case there is a dispute in relation to the change of officers of a trade union, or any trade union is aggrieved by the refusal of the Registrar under subsection (5), any officer or member of the trade union may apply or appeal to the Labour Court, who shall within seven days of receipt of the application or appeal, as the case may be, pass an order either directing the Registrar to register the change or alteration in the constitution or in the officers of the trade union or may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, direct the registrar to hold fresh elections of the union under his supervision.
10. Transfer, etc., of officer of trade union during pendency of application for registration. Save with the prior permission of the Registrar, no officer of a trade union of workmen shall be transferred, discharged, dismissed or otherwise punished during the pendency of an application for registration of the trade union with the Registrar, provided that the union has notified the names of its officers to be employer in writing.
11. Certificate of registration.__ The Registrar, on registering a trade union under section 9, shall issue a certificate of registration in the prescribed form which shall be conclusive evidence that trade union has been duly registered under this Act.
12. Cancellation of registration.__ (1) The registration of a trade union shall be cancelled if the Labour Court so directs upon a complaint in writing made by the registrar that the trade union has
(a) contravened or has been registered in contravention of any of the provisions of this Act or the rules;
(b) contravened any of the provisions of its constitution; or
(c) made in its constitution any provision which is inconsistent with this Act or the rules.
(2) Where any person who is disqualified under section 7 from being elected as, or from being, an officer of a trade union is elected as an officer of a registered trade union, the registration of that trade union shall be cancelled if the Labour court, upon a complaint in writing made in this behalf by the Registrar, so directs.
(3) The registration of a trade union shall be cancelled by the Registrar if, after holding such inquiry as he deems fit, he finds that such trade union has dissolved itself or has ceased to exist.
13. Appeal against cancellation. Any trade union aggrieved by an order passed__
(a) by the Labour Court under subsection (1) or subsection (2) of section 12
may prefer appeal to the Tribunal within thirty days of the passing of the said order; or
(b) by the Register under subsection (3) of section 12 may prefer appeal to the Labour Court within thirty days of the passing of the said order.
14. Registrar of trade unions. For the purpose of this Act, the Provincial Government shall, by notification in the official Gazette, appoint as many persons as it considers necessary to be Registrars of trade unions and, where it appoints more than one Registrars, shall specify in the notification the area within which each one of them shall exercise and perform the powers and functions under this Act.
15. Powers and functions of Registrar. The Registrar shall have the following powers and functions:
(a) the registration of trade unions under this Act and the maintenance of a register for the purpose;
(b) to lodge, or authorize any person to lodge, complaints with the Labour Court or Commission for action, including prosecution, against trade unions, employers, workers or other persons for any alleged offence or any unfair labour practice or violation of any provision of the Act or for expending the funds of a trade union in contravention of the provisions of its constitution;
(c) the determination of the question as to which one of the trade unions in an establishment or an industry is entitled to be certified as the collective bargaining agent in relation to that establishment or industry;
(d) to inspect the accounts and record of the registered trade unions, or investigate or hold such inquiry in the affairs of the trade unions as he deems fit either by himself or through any officer subordinate to him and to authorize him in writing in this behalf; and
(e) such other powers and function as may be prescribed.
16. Incorporation of registered trade union.__ (1) Every registered trade union shall be a body corporate by the name under which it is registered, shall have perpetual succession and a common seal and the power to contract and to acquire, hold and dispose of property, both movable and immovable, and shall by the said name sue or be sued.
(2) The Societies Registration Act, 1860 (XXIV of 1860), the Co operative Societies Act, 1925 (W.P.Act VII of 1925) and the Companies Ordinance, 1984 (XLVII of 1984), shall not apply to any registered trade union and the registration of any trade union under any of these Acts shall be void.
17. Unfair labour practices on the part of employers.__ (1) No employer or trade union of employers and no person acting on behalf of either shall
(a) impose any condition in a contract of employment seeking to restrain
the right of a person who is a party to such contract to joint a trade union or continue his membership of a trade union;
(b) refuse to employ or refuse to continue to employ any person on the ground that such person is, or is not a member or officer of a trade union;
(c) discriminate against any person in regard to any employment, promotion, condition of employment or working condition on the ground that such person is, or is not, a member or officer of a trade union;
(d) dismiss, discharge, remove from employment or transfer or threaten to dismiss, discharge or remove from employment or transfer a workman or injure or threaten to injure him in respect of his employment by reason that the workman.
(a) is or proposes to become, or seeks to persuade any other person to become, a member or officer of a trade union; or
(b) participate in the promotion, formation or activities of a trade union;
(e) induce any person to refrain from becoming, or to cease to be a member or officer of a trade union, by conferring or offering to confer any advantage on, or by procuring or offering to procure any advantage for such person or any other person;
(f) compel or attempt to compel any officer of the collective bargaining agent to arrive at a settlement by unsing intimidation, coercion, pressure, threat, confinement to a place, physical injury, disconnection of water, power and telephone facilities and such other methods;
(g) interfere with or in any way influence the balloting provided for in section 24;
(h) recruit any new workman during the period of a notice of strick under section 44 or during the currency of a strike which is not illegal except where the Conciliator having been satisfied that complete cessation of work is likely to cause serious damage to the machinery or installation, has permitted temporary employment of a limited number of workmen in the section where the damage is likely to occur;
(i) close down the whole of the establishment in contravention of Standing Order 11A of the Industrial and Commercial Employment (Standing Orders) Ordinance, 1968 (W.P. Ord. VI of 1968); or
(j) Commence, continue, instigate or incite others to take part in , or expend or supply money or otherwise act in furtherance or support of, an illegal lockout.
(2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall be deemed to preclude an employer from requiring that a person upon his appointment or promotion to managerial position shall
cease to be, and shall be disqualified from being, a member or officer of a trade union of workmen.
18. Unfair labour practices on the part of a workmen.__ (1) No workmen or other person or trade union of workmen shall
(a) persuade a workman to join or refrain from joining a trade union during working hours;
(b) intimidate any person to become, or refrain from becoming, or to continue to be, or to cease to be a member or officer of a trade union;
(c) induce any person to refrain from becoming, or cease to be a member or officer of a trade union, by intimidating or conferring or offering to confer any advantage on, or by procuring or offering to procure any advantage for such person or any other person;
(d) compel or attempt to compel the employer to accept any demand by using intimidation, coercion, pressure threat, confinement to, or ouster from, a place, dispossession, assault, physical injury, disconnection of telephone, water or power facilities or such other methods; or
(e) commence, continue, instigate or incite others to take part in, or expend or supply money or otherwise act in furtherance or support of, an illegal strike or a goslow.
Explanation. In clause (e) the expression. ‘goslow’ means an organized, deliberate and purposeful slowing down of normal output, or the deterioration of the normal quality of work by a body of workmen acting in a concerted manner, but does not include the slowing down of normal output, or the deterioration of the normal quality of work which is due to mechanical defect, breakdown of machinery, failure or defect in power supply or in the supply of normal materials and spare parts of machinery.
(2) It shall be an unfair practice for a trade union to interfere with a ballot held under section 24 by the exercise of undue influence, intimidation, impersonation or bribery through its executive or through any person acting on its behalf.
19. Law of conspiracy limited in application. No officer or member of a registered trade union or a collective bargaining agent as certified by the Registrar shall be liable to punishment under sub section (2) of section 120B of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (XLV of 1860), in respect of any agreement made between the members thereof for the purpose of furthering any such object of the trade union as is specified in its constitution referred to in section 6, unless the agreement is an agreement to commit an offence, or otherwise violates any other law for the time being in force.
20. Immunity from civil suit in certain cases.__ (1) No suit or other legal proceedings shall be maintainable in any civil court against any registered trade union or a collective bargaining agent or any officer or member thereof in respect of any action done in contemplation or furtherance of an industrial dispute to which the trade union is a party on the ground only that such act induces some other person to break a contract of employment, or that it is an interference with the trade, business or employment of some
other person or with the right of some other person to dispose of his capital or of his labour as he wills.
(2) A trade union shall not be liable in any suit or other legal proceedings in any civil court in respect of any tortuous act done in good faith in contemplation or furtherance of an industrial dispute by an agent of the trade union if it is proved that such person acted without the knowledge of, or contrary to express instructions given by, the executive of the trade union.
21. Enforceability of agreement. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, an agreement between the members of a trade union shall not be void or voidable by reason only that any of the objects of the agreement are in restraint of trade:
Provided that nothing in this section shall enable any civil court to entertain any legal proceedings instituted for the express purpose of enforcing, or recovering damages for the breach of any agreement concerning the conditions on which any member of a trade union shall or shall not sell their goods, transact business or work, employ or be employed.
22. Registration of federation of trade unions.__ (1) Any two or more registered trade unions may, if their respective general bodies so resolved, constitute a federation by executing an instrument of federation and apply to the Registrar for the registration of the federation:
Provided that a trade union of workmen shall not join a federation which comprises a trade union of employers; nor shall a trade union of employers join a federation which comprises a trade union of workmen.
(2) An instrument of federation referred to in subsection (1) shall, among other things, provide for the procedures to be followed by the federated trade unions and the rights and responsibilities of the federation and the federated trade union.
(3) An application for the registration of a federation of trade unions shall be signed by the Presidents of all the trade unions constituting the federation or by the officers of these trade unions respectively authorized by the trade unions in this behalf and shall be accompanied by three copies of the instrument of federation referred to in subsection (1).
(4) Subject to subsections (1), (2) and (3), the provisions of the Act shall, so far as may be and with the necessary modifications, apply to a federation of trade unions as they apply to a trade union.
23. Returns.__ (1) There shall be sent annually to the Registrar, on or before such date as may be prescribed, a general statement, audited in the prescribed manner, of all receipts and expenditure of every registered trade union during the year ending on the 31stday of December, next preceding such prescribed date, and of the assets and liabilities of the trade union existing on such 31stday of December, as may be prescribed.
(2) Together with the general statement there shall be sent to the Registrar a statement showing all changes of officers made by the trade union during the year to which the general statement refers, together also with statement of the total paid membership and a copy of the constitution of the trade union corrected up to the date of
the dispatch thereof to the Registrar.
(3) A copy of every alteration made in the constitution of a registered trade union and of a resolution of the general body having the effect of a provision of the constitution, shall be sent to the Registrar within fifteen days of the making of the alteration or adoption of the resolution.
(4) In case the registered trade union is member of a federation, the name of the federation shall be given in the annual statement.
24. Collective bargaining agent.__ (1) Where there is only one registered trade union in an establishment or a group of establishments, that trade union shall if it has as its members not less than onethird of the total number of workmen employed in such establishment or group of establishments, upon an application made in this behalf be certified by the Registrar in the prescribed manner to be the collective bargaining agent for such establishment or group.
(2) Where there are more registered trade unions than one in an establishment or a group of establishments, the Registrar shall upon an application made in this behalf by onefifth of the total number of workmen employed in such establishment or group of establishments or by the employer or the Government, hold within fifteen days from the making of the application, a secret ballot to determine as to which one of such trade unions shall be the collective bargaining agent for the establishment or group:
Provided that the Registrar may, in the case of a large establishment having its branches in more than one town, hold the secret ballot within thirty days from the making of the application:
Provided further that the Registrar shall not entertain any application under this subsection in respect of an establishment or group of establishments, consisting of, or including, a seasonal factory within the meaning of section 4 of the Factories Act, 1934 (XXV of 1934), unless such application is made during the month in which the number of workmen employed in such factory in a year is usually the maximum.
(3) Upon receipt of an application under subsection (2), the Registrar shall, by notice in writing call upon every registered trade union in the establishment or group of establishments to which the application relates
(a) to indicate whether it desires to be a contestant in the secret ballot to be held for determining the collective bargaining agent in relation to such establishment or group; and
(b) if it so desires, to submit to him within the time specified in the notice a list of its members showing, in respect of each member, his parentage, age, the section or department and the place in which he is employed, his ticket number and the date of his becoming a member and if union is a federation of trade unions, a list of its affiliated trade unions together with a list of members of each such trade union showing in respect of each such member the said particulars.
(4) Every employer shall
(a) on being so required by the Registrar, submit a list of all workmen employed in the establishment excluding those whose period of employment in the establishment is less than three months and showing, in respect of each workman, his parentage, age, the section or department and the place in which he is employed, his ticket number and the date of his employment in the establishment; and
(b) provide such facilities for verification of the lists submitted by him and the trade unions as the Registrar may require:
Provided that, in computing the period of three months referred to in clause (a) in the case of a workman employed in a seasonal factory within the meaning of section 4 of the Factories Act, 1934 (XXV of 1934), the period during which he was employed in that factory during the preceding season shall also be taken into account.
(5) The Registrar shall, after verification of the lists submitted by the trade unions, prepare a list of voters in which shall be included the name of every workman whose period of employment as computed in accordance with subsection (4), is not less than three months and who is a member of any of the contesting trade unions and shall, at least four days prior to the date fixed for the poll, send to each of the contesting trade unions a certified copy of the list of voters so prepared.
(6) Every workman who is a member of any of the contesting trade unions and whose name appears in the list of voters prepared under subsection (5) shall be entitled to vote at the poll to determine the collective bargaining agent.
(7) Every employer shall provide all such facilities in his establishment as may be required by the Registrar for the conduct of the poll but shall not interfere with, or in any way influence, the voting.
(8) No person shall canvass for vote within a radius of fifty metres of the polling station.
(9) For the purpose of holding secret ballot to determine the collective bargaining agent, the Registrar shall
(a) fix the date for the poll and intimate the same to each of the contesting trade unions and also to every employer;
(b) on the date fixed for the poll so placed in the polling station set up for the purpose the ballot boxes which shall be sealed in the presence of the representatives of the contesting trade unions as to receive the ballot papers;
(c) conduct the poll at the polling station at which the representatives of the contesting trade unions shall have the right to be present;
(d) after the conclusion of the poll and in the presence of such of the representatives of the contesting trade unions as may be present, open the ballot boxes and count the votes; and
(e) after the conclusion of the count, certify the trade union which has received the highest number of votes to be the collective bargaining agent:
Provided that no trade union shall be certified to be the collective bargaining agent for an establishment or group of establishments unless the number of votes received by it is not less than onethird of the total number of workmen employed in such establishment or group:
Provided further that, if no trade union secures such number of votes in the first poll, a second poll shall be held between the trade unions which secure the two highest numbers of votes in the first poll and the trade union which secures a majority of the votes cast at the second poll shall be certified in the prescribed manner to be the collective bargaining agent:
Provided further that, if the number of votes secured by two or more trade unions securing the highest number of votes is equal, further poll hall be held between them until one of them secures a majority of the votes cast at such further poll.
(10) If no trade union indicates under clause (a) of subsection(3) that it desires to be a contestant in the secret ballot, the Registrar shall certify the trade union which has made the application under subsection (2) to be the collective bargaining agent.
(11) where a registered trade union has been certified under clause (e) of subsection (9) to be the collective bargaining agent for an establishment or group of establishments, no application for the determination of the collective bargaining agent for such establishment or group shall be entertained within a period of two years from the date of such certification except where the registration of such certification except where the registration of such a registered trade union is cancelled before the expiration of the period.
(12) A collective bargaining agent may, without prejudice to its own position, implead as a party to any proceedings under this Act to which it is itself a party or any federation of trade unions of which it is a member.
(13) The collective bargaining agent in relation to an establishment or group of establishments shall be entitled to
(a) undertake collective bargaining with the employer or employers on matters connected with employment, non employment, the term of employment or the conditions of work other than matters which relate to the enforcement of any right guaranteed or secured to it or any workman by or under any law, other than this Act, or any award or settlement;
(b) represent all or any of the workmen in any proceeding;
(c) give notice of, and declare, a strike in accordance with the provisions of this Act; and
(d) nominate representatives of workmen on the Board of Trustees of any welfare institutions or Provident Funds and of the Workers Participation Fund established under the Companies Profits (Workers Participation) Act, 1968(XII of 1968).
(14) The Registrar may authorize in writing an officer to perform all or any of his functions under this section.
25. National Industrial Relations Commission.__ (1)The Federal Government shall constitute a National Industrial Relations Commission.
(2) The Commission shall consist of not less than seven members, including the Chairman.
(3) The qualification for appointment as a member or as the Chairman of the Commission shall be such as may be determined by the Federal Government.
(4) The Chairman and other members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Federal Government.
(5) Two of the members shall be appointed in the prescribed manner to advise the Chairman, one to represent the employers and the other to represent industrywise trade unions, federations of such trade unions and federations at the national level.
(6) The Chairman of the Commission may, in addition to the representatives of workers appointed to the Commission, coopt, in cases where he deems it necessary, from amongst workers belonging to federations at the national level such representatives of workers as he may deem fit.
(7) The worker's representative coopted under subsection (6) shall be entitled to such honorarium as the Federal Government may, on the advice of the Chairman of the Commission, determine.
(8) The following shall be the functions of the Commission, namely.—
(a) to promote the formation of trade unions of workers within the same industry whether in establishments within a Province or in more than one Province and federations of such trade union;
(b) to promote the formation of federations at the national level;
(c) to adjudicate and determine a industrial dispute to which an industrywise trade union or a federation of such trade unions is a party and which is not confined to matters of purely local nature and any other industrial dispute which is, in the opinion of the Federal Government, of national importance and is referred to it by that Government;
(d) to register industrywise trade unions, federations of such trade unions and federations at the national level;
(e) to determine the collective bargaining agents amongst industrywise trade unions, federations of such trade unions and federations at the national level;
(f) to try offences punishable under
(i) section 72 other than subsection (1) and (6) thereof; and
(ii) any other section, in so far as they relate to employers or workers in relation to an industrywise trade union, a federation of such trade unions, a federation at the national level or officers of such union or federation;
(g) to deal with cases of unfair labour practices specified in sections 17 and 18 on the part of employers, workers, trade unions of either of them or persons acting on behalf of any of them, whether committed individually or collectively, in the manner laid down under section 41 or section 50 or in such other way as may be prescribed, and to take, in such manner as may be prescribed by regulations under section 31, measures calculated to prevent an employer or workman from committing an unfair labour practice;
(h) to advise Government, industrywise trade unions and federations in respect to the education of workers in the essentials of trade unionism, including education in respect of their right and obligations, and to secure the provision of facilities required therefore, and to apportion the cost thereof between the Provincial and Federal Governments industrywise trade unions, federations of such trade unions and federations at the national level, and the employers, in such manner as may be considered equitable by the Commission; and
(i) such other powers and functions as the Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, assign to it from time to time.
(9) The Commission may, on the application of a party, or of its own motion
(a) initiate prosecution, trial or proceedings, or take action, with regard to any matter relating to its functions;
(b) withdraw from a Labour Court any application, proceedings or appeal relating to unfair labour practice; or
(c) grant such relief as it may deem fit including interim injunction.
(10) For the purpose of dealing with a case of unfair labour practice of which the Commission is seized, the Commission may
(a) proceed directly with the case;
(b) ask the Registrar within whose jurisdiction the case has occurred or is likely to occur to enquire into it and submit a report; or
(c) refer the case to a Labour Court within whose jurisdiction the case has occurred or is likely to occur, either for report or for disposal.
(11) The Labour Court to whom the case is so referred shall enquire into it and, if the case was referred to it for report, forward its report thereon to the Commission or, if the case was referred to it for disposal, continue the proceedings and dispose of the case as if the proceedings had originally commenced before it and grant such relief as the Commission has the power to grant.
(12) Save as provided in subsections (11) and (13) no Registrar, Labour Court or Tribunal shall take any action, or entertain any application or proceedings, in respect of any matter which falls within the jurisdiction of the Commission.
(13) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to exclude the jurisdiction of a Labour Court to entertain cases of unfair labour practices on the part of employers or workmen, whether individually or collectively:
Provided that no Court, including Labour Court, shall take any action or entertain any application or proceedings in respect of a case of unfair labour practice which is being dealt with by the Commission.
Explanation.In this section and in the succeeding provisions of this Act, the expressions “industrywise trade union” “federation of such trade unions” and "federation at the national level" refer to a trade union membership of which extends to establishments in more than one Province and a federation of trade unions whose membership extends to registered trade unions in more then one Province.
26. Benches of the Commission, etc. (1) The Chairman shall exercise general superintendence over its affairs.
(2) for the efficient performance of the functions of the Commission, the Chairman shall constitute
(a) a Full Bench of the Commission which shall consist of not less than three members of the Commission; and
(b) as many other Benches of the Commission consisting of one or more members of the Commission as he may deem fit.
(3) The Benches shall
(a) in relation to cases based on allegations of unfair labour practices brought before the Commission for trial of offences, or enforcement of, or for redress of individual grievances in respect of, any right guaranteed or secured to any employer or worker by or under any law or any award or settlement, perform such functions and exercise such powers as are performed and exercised by a Labour Court; and
(b) in relation to industrywise trade unions, federations of such trade unions, federations at the national level and cases referred to the
Commission, perform such functions and exercise such powers as are performed and exercised by a Registrar, a Labour Court or a Tribunal in relation to trade unions and federations of trade unions within a Province, and, for this purpose, any reference in this Act to a "Registrar”, “Labour Court", or as the case may be, "Tribunal" shall be deemed to be a reference to the appropriate Bench of the Commission to which such functions are assigned:
Provided that, in the performance of those functions and in the exercise of those powers, the Benches shall, unless otherwise provided in this Act, follow the procedure laid down in the regulations to be made under section 31.
(4) if any member of the Commission is absent from, or is otherwise unable to attend any sitting of the commission or of a Bench consisting of more than one members of which he is a member, the proceedings of the Commission or Bench may continue, and the decision or award may be given or judgment or sentence may be passed in the absence of such member, and no act, proceedings, decision, or award of the Commission or Bench shall be invalid or be called in question merely on the ground of such absence or of the existence of vacancy in or any defect in the constitution of the Commission or Bench.
(5) if the members of a Bench differ in opinion as to the decision to be given on any point,
(a) the point shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority, if there is a majority; and
(b) If the members are equally divided, they shall state, the point on which they differ and the case shall be referred by them to the Chairman for hearing on such point by one or more of the other members of the Commission, and such point shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority of the members of the Commission who have heard the case, including those who first heard it:
Provided that if, upon any matter requiring the decision of a Bench which includes the Chairman of the Commission as one of its members, there is a difference of opinion among its members and the members so constituting the Bench are equally divided, the opinion of the Chairman shall prevail and the decision of the Bench hall be expressed in terms of the views of the chairman.
(6) Any order or decision made, award given, sentence passed, power exercised, functions performed or proceedings taken by any Bench of the Commission in accordance withthis Act and the order constituting the Bench shall be deemed to be the order or decision made, award given, sentence passed, power exercised, functions performed or proceedings taken, as the case may be, by the Commission.
Explanation. In this section, the expression "The Chairman of the Commission" includes such member of the Commission to be known as Senior Member as the Chairman may nominate to perform the functions, and exercise the
powers of the Chairman during his absence.
27. Additional powers of the Commission. In addition to powers which the Commission has under section 26
(a) the Commission shall have power to punish any person who obstructs or abuses its process or disobeys any of its orders or directions, or does anything which tends to prejudice the case of a party before it, or tends to bring it or any of its members in relation to proceedings of the Commission into hatred or contempt, or does anything which, by law, constitutes contempt of Court, with simple imprisonment which may extend to six months or with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees, or with both and
(b) for the purposes of any investigation, enquiry or adjudication to be made by the commission under this Act, the Chairman or any member of the commission may at any time between the hours of sunrise and sunset, and any other person authorized in writing by the Chairman or any member of the Commission in this behalf may, after he has given reasonable notice, enter any building, factory, workshop or other place or premises whatsoever and inspect the same or any work, machinery, appliance or article therein or interrogate any person therein in respect of anything situated therein or any matter relevant to matters before the Commission.
28. Appeals.__ (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, or in any other law for the time being in force, any person aggrieved by an award or decision given or a sentence or order determining and certifying a collective bargaining unit passed by any Bench of the Commission, other than a Full Bench, may, within thirty days of such award, decision, sentence or order prefer an appeal to Commission.
(2) An appeal preferred to the Commission under subsection (1) shall be disposed of by the full Bench of the Commission which shall,
(a) if the appeal is from an order determining and certifying a collective bargaining unit, have the power to confirm, set aside, vary or modify such an order; and
(b) if the appeal relates to any other matter, have the same power in relation to the appeal as the Labour Court, the Tribunal or the High Court, as the case may be, would have had if the matter to which the appeal relates were a matter in relation to which an appeal can be preferred to the Labour Court, the Tribunal or the High Court.
29. Finality of order. No court shall entertain any plea as to the jurisdiction of the Commission or as the legality or propriety of anything done or purporting to be done by the commission or any of its Benches, and no order, decision, judgment or sentence of the Commission shall be called in question in any manner, whatsoever, in or before any Court or other authority.
30. Determination, etc., of collective bargaining unit.__ (1) Where the Commission, on an application made in this behalf, by a trade union of Workmen or a federation of such trade unions, or on a reference made by the Federal Government, after holding such inquiry as it deems fit, is satisfied that for safeguarding the interest of the workmen employed in an establishment or group of establishments belonging to the same employer and the same industry, in relation to collective bargaining, it is necessary, just and feasible to determine one or more collective bargaining units of such workmen in such establishment or group, it may, having regard to the distribution of workers, existing boundaries of the components of such establishment, or group, facilities of communication, general convenience, sameness or similarity of economic activity and other cognate factors,
(a) determine and certify one or more collective bargaining units in such establishment or group;
(b) Specify the modifications which, in consequence of the decision under this section, will take effect in regard to the registration of the trade unions and federations of trade unions affected by such decision and certification of collective bargaining agents among such unions and federations, nomination or election of shop stewards, and workers’ representatives for participation in the management of the factories, if any, affected by such decision;
(c) specify the date or dates from and the period, for which all or any of such changes shall take effect:
Provided that the date so specified shall not be a date falling within the period of two years specified in subsection (11) of section 24 in its application to a collective bargaining agent certified in respect of an establishment or establishments:
Provided further that, after the receipt of a reference for determination of a collective bargaining unit, the Commission may stop or prohibit the proceedings to determine collective bargaining agent under section 24 for any establishment or group of establishments which is likely to be affected by a decision under this section,
(d) take such measures or issue such directions to the Registrar as may be necessary to give effect to such modifications; and
(e) determine and certify a collective bargaining agent for each such unit in accordance with section 24 in so far as applicable and with the necessary modifications, if such a unit relates to more than one province, or direct the Registrar to take such action, if such a unit relates to only one province.
(2) Where the commission issues any directions to the Registrar under this section, the Registrar shall comply with them within such period as the Commission may from time to time determine.
(3) After the certification of a collective bargaining unit, no trade union shall be registered in respect of that unit except for the whole of such unit and no certification or proceedings for determination of collective bargaining agent under section 24 shall take place for a part of a collective bargaining unit or a group of collective bargaining units.
(4) an order of the Commission under this section shall have effect notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act.
31. Power to make regulations.__ (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the commission may, with the prior approval of the Federal Government, make such regulations relating to its procedure and the performance of its functions as it may deem fit, and the regulations shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in the Qanune Shahadat, 1984 (P.O.10 of1984), the Code of Criminal procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898), the code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908) or any other law for the time being in force.
(2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such regulations may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:
(a) registration of industrywise trade unions, federations of such trade unions and federations at the national level, and the procedure, for such registration;
(b) determination of collective bargaining units;
(c) determination of collective bargaining agent from amongst the industry wise trade unions, federations of such trade unions or, as the case may be, federations at the national level, and the procedure therefore;
(d) procedure, including rules of evidence, for adjudication of industrial dispute;
(e) procedure, including rules of evidence, for trial of offences;
(f) procedure for dealing with unfair labour practices;
(g) superintendence of the Chairman over the affairs of the Commission;
(h) forms of registers, processes and returns in respect of matters relating to the functions of the Commission; and
(i) fixing of places and times of its sitting and deciding whether to sit in public or in private.
32. Check off.__ (1) if a collective bargaining agent so requests, the employer of the workmen who are members of a trade union shall deduct from the wages of the workmen such amounts towards their subscription to the funds of the trade union as may be specified, with the approval of each individual workman named in the demand statement furnished by the trade union.
(2) An employer making any deductions under subsection (1) shall, within fifteen days of the end of the period for which the deduction have been made, deposit the entire amount so deducted by him in the account of the trade union on whose behalf he has
made the deductions.
(3) A collective bargaining agent shall maintain with a branch of the National Bank of Pakistan or with a Post Office Savings Bank an account to which shall be credited the entire amount deducted by the employer under sub section (1) from the wages of the members of the trade union.
(4) The employer shall provide facilities to the collective bargaining agent for ascertaining whether deductions from the wages of its members are being made under subsection (1).
33. Shop steward to act as link between labour and management.__ (1) in every establishment in which fifty or more workmen are employed, shop stewards, from amongst the workmen in a shop, section or department of the establishment, shall,—
(a) where there is a collective bargaining agent in the establishment, be nominated by it, or
(b) where there is no collective bargaining agent in the establishment, be elected at a secret ballot held in the prescribed manner.
(2) The employer shall provide all such facilities in his establishment as may be required for the holding of a ballot under subsection (1) but shall not interfere with, or in any way influence, the voting.
(3) A shop steward shall hold office for a period of one year from the date of his election or nomination as the case may be.
(4) Any dispute arising out of, or in connection with, the election of a shop steward shall be referred to the Registrar whose decision shall be final and binding on all parties to the dispute.
(5) The shop steward shall act as a link between the workers and the employer, assist in the improvement of arrangements for the physical working conditions and production work in the shop section or department for which he is elected and help workers in the settlement of their problems either connected with work or with any such individual grievance of a workman as is referred to in sub section (1) of section 41.
34. Workers participation in management.__(1) in every factory employing fifty persons or more there shall be elected or nominated workers' representatives to participate to the extent of fifty per cant in the management of the factory:
Provided that there shall be elected or nominated at least one worker's representative to participate in the management of such factory:
Provided further that, for the purpose of determining the number of workers’ representatives in the management of a factory, fractions equal to, or greater than one half shall be regarded as one and lesser fractions shall be ignored.
(2) The workers’ representatives shall be workmen employed in the same factory and shall,
(a) where there is a collective bargaining agent in the factory, be nominated by it, or
(b) where there is no collective bargaining agent in the factory, be elected by simple majority at a secret ballot by all workmen employed in the factory.
(3) The workers’ representatives shall hold office for a period of two years from the date of their election or nomination, as the case may be,
(4) The workers’ representatives shall participate in all the meetings of the management committee constituted in the prescribed manner and all matters relating to the management of the factory, except commercial and financial transaction may be discussed in such meetings.
(5) The management shall not take any decision in the following matters without the advice in writing of the workers’ representatives, namely:
(a) framing of services rules and policy about promotin and discipline of workers;
(b) changing physical working conditions in the factory; (c) inservice training of workers;
(d) recreation and welfare of workers;
(e) regulation of daily working hours and breaks;
(f) preparation of leave schedule; and
(g) matters relating to the order and conduct of workers within the factory.
(6) The workers’ representatives may on their own initiative give advice in writing concerning the matters specified in subsection (5) and, where they do so, the management shall convene a meeting within two weeks of the receipt of the advice to discuss its merits with them.
(7) The management shall give reply to the workers’ representatives within six weeks of the receipt of their advice given under subsection (5) or sub section (6) and any such advice shall not be rejected except by the person holding the highest position in the management of the factory.
(8) In case the advice of the workers’ representatives is rejected by the management of the factory, the matter may, within fifteen days of the advice being so rejected, be taken up by the collective bargaining agent in the Works Council for bilateral negotiations and thereupon the provisions of section 42 shall apply as they apply to the settlement of an industrial dispute in relation to which the views of the employer or the collective bargaining agent have been communicated to the Works Council under subsection (1) of that section.
35. Joint management board.__ (1) Every company which owns or manages a
factory, and in every factory which is not so owned or managed, and which employs fifty persons or more, the management shall, in the prescribed manner set up a joint management board in which the Workers’ participation shall be to the extent of thirty per cent.
(2) The employer’s representatives on the joint management board shall be from amongst the Directors or senior executives and the workers’ representatives shall be workmen employed in the factory.
(3) The joint management board shall look after the following matters, namely:
(a) improvement in production , productivity and efficiency;
(b) fixation of job and piecerates;
(c) planned regrouping or transfer of the workers;
(d) laying down the principles of remuneration and introduction of new remuneration methods; and
(e) provision of minimum facilities for such of the workers employed through contractors as are not covered by the laws relating to welfare of workers.
(4) The joint management board may call for reasonable information about the working of the company or factory from its management and the management shall supply the information called for.
(5) The joint management board shall meet at such intervals as may be prescribed.
(6) The workers’ representative shall hold office for such period as may be prescribed.
(7) In this section,
(a) “company” has the same meaning as in the Companies Ordinance, 1984 (XLVII of 1984); and
(b) “ management” means the employer.
36. Inspector.__ (1) The inspectors appointed under section 10 of the Factories Act, 1934 (XXV of 1934), and such other persons, not being Conciliators appointed under this Act, as the Provincial Government may, by notification in the official Gazette appoint, shall be inspectors for ensuring compliance with the provisions of section 34 and section, 35 within the local limits assigned to each.
(2) The inspector may
(a) at all reasonable hours enter on any premises and make such examination of any register and document relating to the provisions of section 34 and section 35 and take on the spot or otherwise such evidence of any person, and
exercise such other powers of inspection, as he may deem necessary for discharging his duty;
(b) call for such information from the management as he may deem necessary for the discharge of his functions and the management shall provide the information called for within such period as may be specified by him; and
(c) make a report in writing to the Registrar having jurisdiction of any offence punishable under section 37.
(3) Every inspector shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of section 21 of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (XLV of 1860).
37. Penalty for obstructing inspector. Whoever willfully obstructs an inspector in the exercise of any power under section 36, or fails to produce on demand by an inspector any register or other document in his custody relating to the provisions of section 34 and section 35 or the rules, or conceals or prevents any worker in a factory from appearing before or being examined by an inspector, shall be punishable with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.
38. Penalty for contravening section 34 or section 35, etc.__ (1) Whoever contravenes the provisions of section 34 or section 35 shall be punishable with fine which may extend to seventyfive thousand rupees.
(2) No Court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under subsection (1) except upon a complaint in writing made by the Registrar.
39. Works Council.__ (1) In every establishment in which fifty or more workmen are employed or were employed on any day in the preceding twelve months, the employer shall constitute, in the prescribed manner, a Works Council consisting of representatives of the employer and the workmen so however that the number of the representatives of the workmen is not less than the number of the representatives of the employer in the Works Council.
(2) In the case of an establishment where there are one or more trade unions, the collective bargaining agent shall nominate the representatives of the workmen on such Works Council:
Provided that where there is no collective bargaining agent, representatives of workmen on Works Council shall be chosen in the prescribed manner from amongst the workmen engaged in the establishment for which the Works Council is constituted.
40. Functions of Works Council. The functions of Works Council shall be to promote measures for securing and preserving good relations between an employer and his workmen and, in particular
(a) to endeavor to maintain continuous sympathy and understanding between the employer and the workmen;
(b) To promote settlement of differences and disputes through bilateral negotiations;
(c) to promote security of employment for the workmen and conditions of safety, health and job satisfaction in their work;
(d) to take measures for facilitating good and harmonious working conditions in the establishment; to provide educational facilities for children of workmen in secretarial and accounting procedures and to promote their absorption in these departments of the establishment; and
(e) to discuss any other matter of mutual interest with a view to promoting better labour management relations.
41. Redress of individual grievances.__ (1) A worker may bring his grievance in respect of any right guaranteed or secured to him by or under any law or any award or settlement for the time being in force to the notice of his employer in writing, either himself or through his shop steward or collective bargaining agent within three months of the day on which the cause of such grievance arises.
(2) Where a worker himself brings his grievance to the notice of the employer, the employer shall, within fifteen days of the grievance being brought to his notice, communicate his decision in writing to the worker.
(3) Where a worker brings his grievance to the notice of his employer through his shop steward or collective bargaining agent, the employer shall, within seven days of the grievance being brought to his notice, communicate his decision in writing to the shop steward or as the case may be the collective bargaining agent.
(4) If the employer fails to communicate a decision within the period specified in subsection (2) or, as the case may be subsection (3), or if the worker is dissatisfied with such decision, the worker or the shop steward may take the matter to his collective bargaining agent or the Labour Court or, as the case may be, the collective bargaining agent may take the matter to the Labour Court, and where the matter is taken to the Labour Court, it shall give a decision within seven days from the date of the matter being brought before it as if such matter were an industrial dispute:
Provided that a worker who desires to so take the matter to the Labour Court shall do so within a period of two months from the date of the communication of the employer or, as the case may be, from the expiry of the period mentioned in subsection (2), or subsection (3), as the case may be.
(5) In adjudicating and determining a grievance under subsection (4), the Labour Court shall go into all the facts of the case and pass such orders as may be just and proper in the circumstances of the case.
(6) If a decision under subsection (4) or an order under subsection (5) given by the Labour Court or a decision of the Tribunal in an appeal against such a decision or order is not given effect to or complied with within a week or within the period specified in such order or decision, the defaulter shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees, or with both.
(7) No person shall be prosecuted under subsection (6) except on a complaint in writing
(a) by the workman if the order or decision in his favour is not implemented within the period specified therein; or
(b) by the Labour Court or Tribunal, if an order or decision thereof is not complied with.
(8) For the purposes of this section, workers having common grievance arising out of a common cause of action may make a joint application to the Labour Court.
42. Negotiations relating to differences and disputes.__ (1) If at any time an employer or a collective bargaining agent finds that an industrial dispute has arisen or is likely to arise, the employer or, as the case may be, the collective bargaining agent, may communicate his or its views in writing either to the Works Council or to the other party so, however, that, where the views are so communicated to the Works Council, a copy of the communication shall also be sent to the other party.
(2) On receipt of the communication under subsection (1) the Works Council or the party receiving it shall try to settle the dispute by bilateral negotiations within ten days of receipt of the communication or within such further period as may be agreed upon by the parties and, if the parties reach a settlement, a memorandum of settlement shall be recorded in writing and signed by both the parties and a copy thereof shall be forwarded to the Conciliator and the authorities mentioned in clause (xxv) of section 2.
(3) Where a settlement is not reached between the employer and the collective bargaining agent or, if the views of the employer or collective bargaining agent have been communicated under sub section (1) to the Works Council, there is a failure of bilateral negotiations in the Works Council, the employer or the collective bargaining agent may, within seven days from the end of the period referred to in subsection (2), serve on the other party to the dispute a notice of lockout or strike, as the case may be, in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
43. Conciliator.__ (1) The Provincial Government shall, by notification in the official Gazette, appoint as many persons as it considers necessary to be Conciliators for the purposes of this Act and shall specify in the notification the area within which, or the class of establishments or industries in relation to which, each one of them shall perform his functions.
(2) The Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, appoint as many persons as it considers necessary to act as Conciliators in such disputes as the National Industrial Relations Commission is competent to adjudicate and determine under this Act.
44. Notice of strike or lockout. The period of a notice of lockout or strike given under sub section (3) of section 42 shall be fourteen days.
45. Conciliation after notice of strike or lockout. Where a party to an industrial dispute serves a notice of strike or lockout under section 42, it shall, simultaneously with the service of such notice, deliver a copy thereof to the Conciliator who shall proceed to conciliate in the dispute and to the Labour Court.
46. Proceedings before Conciliator.__(1) The Conciliator shall, as soon as possible, call a meeting of the parties to the dispute for the purpose of bringing about a settlement.
(2) The parties to the dispute shall be represented before the Conciliator by persons nominated by them and authorized to negotiate and enter into an agreement binding on the parties:
Provided that if, in the opinion of the Conciliator, the presence of the employer or any officer of the trade union connected with the dispute is necessary in a meeting called by him, he shall give notice in writing requiring the employer or such officer to appear in person before him at the place, date and time, specified in the notice and it shall be the duty of the employer or the officer of the trade union to comply with the notice.
(3) The Conciliator shall perform such functions in relation to a dispute before him as may be prescribed and may, in particular, suggest to either party to the dispute such concessions or modifications in its demand as are in the opinion of the Conciliator likely to promote an amicable settlement of the dispute.
(4) If a settlement of the dispute or of any matter in dispute is arrived at in the course of the proceedings before him, the Conciliator shall send a report thereof to the Provincial Government together with a memorandum of settlement signed by the parties to the dispute.
(5) If no settlement is arrived at within the period of the notice of strike or lookout, the conciliation proceedings may be continued for such further period as may be agreed upon by the parties.
47. Arbitration.__ (1) If the conciliation fails, the Conciliator shall try to persuade the parties to agree to refer the dispute to an arbitrator. In case the parties agree, they shall make a joint request in writing for reference of the dispute to an arbitrator agreed upon by them.
(2) The arbitrator to whom a dispute is referred under subsection (1) may be a person borne on a panel to be maintained by the Provincial Government or any other person agreed upon by the parties.
(3) The arbitrator shall give his award within a period of thirty days from the date on which the dispute is referred to him under subsection (1) or such further period as may be agreed upon by the parties to the dispute.
(4) After he has made an award, the arbitrator shall forward a copy thereof to the parties and to the Provincial Government who shall cause it to be published in the official Gazette.
(5) The award of the arbitrator shall be final and no appeal shall lie against it. It shall be valid for a period not exceeding two years, as may be fixed by the arbitrator.
48. Strike and lockout.__ (1) If no settlement is arrived at during the course of conciliation proceedings and the parties to the dispute do not agree to refer it to an arbitrator under section 47, the workmen may go on strike or, as the case may be, the employer may declare a lockout, on the expiration of the period of the notice under section 44 or upon a declaration by the Conciliator that the conciliation proceedings have failed, whichever is the later.
(2) The party raising a dispute may at any time either before or after the commencement of a strike or lockout make an application to the Labour Court for adjudication of the dispute.
(3) Where a strike or lockout lasts for more than thirty days, the Federal Government, if it relates to a dispute which the Commission is competent to adjudicate and determine, and the Provincial Government, if it relates to any other dispute, may by order in writing, prohibit the strike or lockout:
Provided that the Federal Government may, with respect to a strike or lockout relating to a dispute which the Commission is competent to a adjudicate and determine and the Provincial Government, with the previous approval of the Federal Government, may, with respect to any other strike or lockout, by order in writing, prohibit a strike or lockout at any time before the expiry of thirty days, if it is satisfied that the continuance of such a strike or lockout is causing serious hardship to the community or is prejudicial to the national interest.
(4) In any case in which the Federal Government or the Provincial Government prohibits a strike or lockout, it shall forthwith refer the dispute to the Commission or, as the case may be, the Labour Court.
(5) The Commission or, as the case may be, the Labour Court shall, after giving both the parties to the dispute an opportunity of being heard, make such award as it deems fit as expeditiously as possible but not exceeding thirty days from the date on which the dispute referred to it:
Provided that the Commission or, as the case may be, the Labour Court may also make an interim award on any matter in dispute:
Provided further that any delay by the Commission or, as the case may be, the Labour Court in making an award shall not affect the validity of any award made by it.
(6) An award of the Commission or, as the case may be, the Labour Court shall be for such period as may be specified in the award which shall not be more than two years.
49. Strike or lockout in public utility services.__ (1) The Federal Government, in the case of a strike or lockout relating to
(a) an industrial dispute of national importance; or
(b) an industrial dispute in respect of any of the public utility services,
which the Commission is competent to adjudicate and determine, and the Provincial Government in the case of a strike or lockout relating to an industrial dispute in respect of any of the public utility services which the Commission is not competent to adjudicate and determine, may, by order in writing, prohibit a strike or lockout at any time before or after the commencement of the strike or lockout.
(2) The provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (6) of section 48 shall also apply to an order made under subsection (1) above as they apply to an order made under subsection (3) of that section.
50. Application to Labour Court. Any collective bargaining agent or any employer may apply to the Labour Court for the enforcement of any right guaranteed or secured to it or him by or under any law or any award or settlement.
51. Raising of industrial dispute by federation.__ (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, a federation of industrywise trade unions or federation at the national level may, if it is a collective bargaining agent raise an industrial dispute affecting all employers or workers of the establishments represented by that federation and a decision of the Commission shall be binding on all such employers and workers.
(2) No collective bargaining agent shall, at any time when a decision of the Commission in respect of any matter is effective, be entitled to raise a demand relating to that matter.
52. Labour Court.__ (1) The Provincial Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, establish as many Labour Courts as it considers necessary and, where itestablishes more than one Labour Court, shall specify in the notification the territorial limits within which or the industries or classes of cases in respect of which, each one of them shall exercise jurisdiction under this Act.
(2) A Labour Court shall consist of one Presiding Officer appointed by the Provincial Government.
(3) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as Presiding Officer unless he has been or is, or is a District Judge or an Additional District Judge:
Provided that the Provincial Government of Baluchistan may, after consultation with the Federal Government, appoint any person not so qualified to be the Presiding Officer of a Labour Court.
(4) A Labour Court shall
(a) adjudicate and determine an industrial dispute which has been referred to, or brought before it under this Act;
(b) equire into and adjudicate any matter relating to the implementation or violation of a settlement which is referred to it by the Provincialn
Government;
(c) try offences under this Act and such other offences under any other law as the Provincial Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, specify in this behalf; and
(d) exercise and perform such other powers and functions as are or may be conferred upon or assigned to it by or under this Act or any other law.
53. Procedure and powers of Labour Court.__ (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, while trying an offence a Labour Court shall follow as nearly as possible summary procedure as prescribed under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (V of 1898).
(2) A Labour Court shall, for the purpose of adjudicating and determining any industrial dispute, be deemed to be a Civil Court and shall have the same powers as are vested in such Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908), including the powers of__
(a) enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
(b) compelling the production of documents and material objects; and
(c) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents.
(3) A Labour Court shall, for the purpose of trying an offence under this Act or the Industrial and Commercial Employment (Standing Orders) Ordinance, 1968 (W.P. Ordinance VI of 1968) have the same powers as are vested in the Court of a Magistrate of the first class specially empowered under section 30 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (V of 1898).
(4) No court fee shall be payable for filing, exhibiting or recording any document in, or obtaining any document from, a Labour Court.
(5) If the parties to a case, at any time before a final order is passed by the Labour Court satisfy the Labour Court that the matter has been resolved by them amicably and that there are sufficient grounds for withdrawing the case, it may allow such withdrawal.
54. Awards and decisions of Labour Court.__ (1) An award or decision of a Labour Court shall be given in writing and delivered in open Court and two copies thereof shall be forwarded, forthwith to the Provincial Government, provided that if the Federal Government be a party, two copies of the award or decision shall be forwarded to that Government as well.
(2) The Provincial Government shall, within a period of one month from the receipt of the copies of the award or decision, publish it in the official Gazette.
(3) Any party aggrieved by an award given under subsection (1) or a decision given under section 41 or section 50 or a sentence passed under clause (c) of subsection (4) of section 52 may prefer an appeal to the Labour Appellate Tribunal within thirty days of the delivery or passing thereof and the decision of the Tribunal in such appeal shall be
final.
(4) Save as otherwise expressly provided in this Act, all decisions of, and all sentences passed by a Labour Court, shall be final and shall not be called in question in any manner by or before any Court or other authority.
55. Labour Appellate Tribunal.__ (1) The Provincial Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, constitute as many Tribunals consisting of one member as it may consider necessary and, where it constitutes more than one Tribunal, shall specify in the notification the territorial limits within which or the class of cases in relation to which, each one of them shall exercise jurisdiction under this Act.
(2) The member of the Tribunal shall be a person who is or has been a Judge or an Additional Judge of a High Court, and shall be appointed on such terms and conditions as Government may determine.
(3) The Tribunal may, on appeal, confirm, set aside, vary or modify the award or decision given under section 41 or section 51 or a sentence passed under clause (c) of subsection (4) of section 52 and shall exercise all the powers conferred by this Act to the Court, save as otherwise provided. The decision of the Tribunal shall be delivered as expeditiously as possible, within a period of sixty days following the filing of the appeal, provided such decision shall not be rendered invalid by reason of any delay in its delivery.
(4) The Tribunal may, on its own motion at any time, call for the record of any case or proceedings under this Act in which a Labour Court within its jurisdiction has passed an order for the purpose of satisfying itself as to the correctness, legality, or propriety of such order, and may pass such order in relation thereto as it thinks fit:
Provided that no order under this subsection shall be passed revising or modifying any order adversely affecting any person without giving such person a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
(5) The Tribunal shall follow such procedure as may be prescribed.
(6) The Tribunal shall have authority to punish for contempt of its authority, or that of any Labour Court subject to its appellate jurisdiction, as if it were a High Court.
(7) Any person convicted and sentenced by the Tribunal under sub section (6) to imprisonment for any period, or to pay a fine exceeding fifteen thousand rupees, may prefer an appeal to the High Court.
(8) A Tribunal may, on its own motion or on the application of a Party, transfer any application or proceeding from a Labour Court within its jurisdiction to any other such Labour Court.
(9) Notwithstanding anything contained in subsection (3) if in an appeal preferred to it against the order of a Labour Court directing the re instatement of a workman, the Tribunal makes an order staying the operation of the order of the Labour Court, the Tribunal shall decide such appeal within twenty days of its being preferred:
Provided that, if such appeal is not decided within the period aforesaid, the order of
the Tribunal shall stand vacated on the expiration of that period.
56. Settlements and awards on whom binding.__ (1) A settlement arrived at in the course of a conciliation proceedings, or otherwise between the employer and the collective bargaining agent or an award of an arbitrator prescribed under section 47, or an award or decision of a Labour Court delivered under section 54 or the decision of the Tribunal under section 55 shall
(a) be binding on all parties to the industrial dispute;
(b) be binding on all other parties summoned to appear in any proceedings before a Labour Court as parties to the industrial dispute, unless the Court specifically otherwise directs in respect of any such party;
(c) be binding on the heirs, successors or assignees of the employer in respect of the establishment to which the industrial dispute relates where an employer is one of the parties to the dispute; and
(d) where a collective bargaining agent is one of the parties to the dispute, be binding on all workmen who were employed in the establishment or industry to which the industrial dispute relates on the date on which the dispute first arose or who are employed therein after that date:
Provided that, where a collective bargaining agent or a trade union performing the functions of a collective bargaining agent under section 71 exists, the employer shall not enter into a settlement with any other trade union, and any contravention of this provision shall be deemed to be an unfair labour practice under section 17.
(2) A settlement arrived at by agreement between the employer and a trade union otherwise than in the course of conciliation proceedings shall be binding on the parties to the agreement.
57. Effective date of settlement, award, etc.__ (1) A settlement shall become effective
(a) if a date is agreed upon by the parties to the dispute to which it relates, on such date; and
(b) if a date is not so agreed upon, on the date on which the memorandum of the settlement is signed by the parties.
(2) A settlement shall be binding for such period as is agreed upon by the parties but not exceeding two years, and if no such period is agreed upon for a period of one year from the date on which the memorandum of settlement is signed by the parties to the dispute and shall continue to be binding on the parties after the expiry of the aforesaid period until the expiry of two months from the date on which either party informs the other party in writing of its intention no longer to be bound by the settlement.
(3) An award given under subsection (1) of section 54 shall, unless an appeal against it is preferred to the Tribunal, become effective on such date and remain effective for such period, not exceeding two years, as may be specified therein. The Arbitrator, the Labour Court, or, as the case may be, the Tribunal, shall specify dates from which the
award on various demands shall be effective and the time limit by which it shall be implemented in each case:
Provided that if, at any time before the expiry of the said period, any party bound by an award applies to the Labour Court which made the award for reduction of the said period on the ground that the circumstances in which the award was made have materially changed, the Labour Court may, by order made after giving to the other party an opportunity of being heard, terminate the said period on a date specified in the order.
(4) A decision of the Tribunal in appeal under subsection (3) of section 55 shall be effective from the date of the award.
(5) Notwithstanding the expiry of the period for which an award is to be effective under sub section (3), the award shall continue to be binding on the parties until the expiry of two months from the date on which either party informs the other party in writing of its intention no longer to be bound by the award.
58. Commencement and conclusion of proceedings.__ (1) A conciliation proceeding shall be deemed to have commenced on the date on which a notice of strike or lockout is received by the Conciliator under section 44.
(2) A conciliation proceeding shall be deemed to have concluded
(a) where a settlement is arrived at, on the date on which a memorandum of settlement is signed by the parties to the dispute; and
(b) where no settlement is arrived at –
(i) if the dispute is refereed to an arbitrator under section 47 on the date on which the arbitrator has given his award or otherwise; or
(ii) on the date on which the period of the notice of strike or lockout expires.
(3) Proceedings before a Labour Court shall be deemed to have commenced
(a) in relation to an industrial dispute, on the date on which an application has been made under section 48 or section 50, or on the date on which it is referred to the Labour Court by the Provincial Government under section 48 or section 49; and
(b) in relation to any other matter, on the date on which it is referred to the Labour Court.
(4) Proceedings before the Commission in relation to a dispute referred to it under section 48 or section 49 or to a dispute raised under section 51 shall be deemed to have commenced on the date on which the reference is made to it or, as the case may be, the dispute is raised before it.
(5) Proceedings before the Commission or a Labour Court shall be deemed to
have concluded on the date on which the award or decision is delivered under subsection (1) of section 54.
59. Certain matters to be kept confidential. There shall not be included in any report, award or decision under this Act any information obtained by a Registrar, Conciliator, Labour Court, Arbitrator or Tribunal in the course of any investigation or inquiry as to a trade union or as to any individual business (whether carried on by a person, firm or company) which is not available otherwise than through the evidence given before such authority, if the trade union, person, firm, or company in question has made a request in writing to the authority that such information shall be treated as confidential, nor shall such proceedings disclose any such information without the consent in writing of the Secretary of the trade union or the person, firm or company in question, as the case may be:
Provided that nothing contained in this section shall apply to disclosure of any such information for the purpose of a prosecution under section 193 of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860).
60. Raising of industrial disputes. No industrial dispute shall be deemed to exist unless it has been raised in the prescribed manner by a collective bargaining agent or an employer.
61. Prohibition of serving notice of strike or lockout while proceedings pending. No notice of strike or lockout shall be served by any party to an industrial dispute while any conciliation proceedings or proceedings before an Arbitrator or a Labour Court or an appeal to the Tribunal under subsection (3) of section 55 are or is pending in respect of any matter constituting such industrial dispute.
62. Powers of Labour Court and Tribunal to prohibit strike, etc.__ (1) When a strike or lock out in pursuance of an industrial dispute has already commenced and is in existence at the time when, in respect of such industrial dispute, there is made to, or is pending before, a Labour Court an application, under section 50, the Labour Court may, by an order in writing prohibit continuance of the strike or lockout.
(2) When an appeal in respect of any matter arising out of an industrial dispute is preferred to a Tribunal under section 55, the Tribunal may, by an order in writing, prohibit continuance of any strike or lockout in pursuance of such industrial dispute which had already commenced and was in existence on the date on which the appeal was preferred.
63. Illegal strikes and lockout.__ (1) A strike or lockout shall be illegal if
(a) it is declared, commenced or continued without giving to the other party to the dispute, in the prescribed manner, a notice of strike or lockout or before the date of strike or lock out specified in such notice, or in contravention of section 61;
(b) it is declared, commenced or continued in consequence of an industrial dispute raised in a manner other than that provided in section 60
(c) it is continued in contravention of an order made under section 48, section 49, section 62 or subsection (3) of section 64; or
(d) it is declared, commenced or continued during the period in which a settlement or award is in operation in respect of any of the matters covered by a settlement or award.
(2) A lockout declared in consequence of an illegal strike and a strike declared in consequence of an illegal lockout shall not be deemed to be illegal.
64. Procedure in cases of illegal strikes or lockout.__ (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other provision of this Act or in any other law for the time being in force, an Officer of the Labour Department not below the rank of Assistant Director Labour Welfare hereinafter in this section referred to as the Officer, may make enquiries in such manner as he may deem fit into an illegal strike or illegal lockout in a factory and make a report to the Labour Court.
(2) After completing the enquiry the Officer shall serve a notice on the employer and the collective bargaining agent or the registered trade union concerned with the dispute to appear before the Labour Court on a date to be fixed by that Court.
(3) The Labour Court may, within ten days following the day on which it receives a report under subsection (1), after considering the report and hearing such of the parties as appear before it, order the strike to be called off or the lockout to be lifted.
(4) If the employer contravenes the order of the Labour Court under subsection (3) and the Court is satisfied that the continuance of the lockout is causing serious hardship to the community or is prejudicial to the national interest, it may issue an order for the attachment of the factory and for the appointment of an official receiver for such period as it deems fit, and such period as may be varied from time to time.
(5) The official receiver shall exercise the powers of management and may transact business, enter into contracts, give valid discharge of all moneys received and do or omit to do all such acts as are necessary for conducting the business of the factory.
(6) The Labour Court may, in appointing and regularizing the work of an official receiver exercise the powers of a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908).
(7) If the workers contravene the order of the Labour Court under sub section (3), the Court may pass orders of dismissal against all or any of the striking workers and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act, if the Court, after holding such inquiry as it deems fit, records its finding that any registered trade union has committed or abetted the commission of such contravention, the finding shall have the effect of cancellation of the registration of such trade union and debarring all officers of such trade union from holding office in that or in any other trade union for the unexpired term of their offices and for the term immediately following:
Provided that the Court may review its orders if good and sufficient cause is shown by an affected worker within seven days of such orders of dismissal.
(8) Subject to any rules made by the Provincial Government in this behalf, the officer may, for the purpose of enquiry under subsection (1), within the local limits for which he is appointed, enter with such assistants, if any, being persons in the service of Pakistan, as he thinks fit, in a factory, where he has reason to believe an illegal strike or lockout to be in progress, and make such examination of the premises and plant and of any registers maintained therein and take on the spot or otherwise such evidence of persons and exercise such other powers as he may deem necessary for carrying out the purposes of this section.
(9) The officer shall have authority to call any party to such dispute to his office or secure his presence in the factory and shall also have the power to bind any party to the dispute to appear before the Labour Court.
(10) Where a party to an illegal strike or lockout, on being required or bound under this section to appear before the officer or the Labour Court, does not so appear, the officer or Labour Court, as the case may be, may, besides taking such other action as may be admissible under this Act, proceed exparte.
65. Conditions of service to remain unchanged while proceedings pending.__ (1) No employer shall, while any conciliation proceedings or proceedings before an Arbitrator, a Labour Court or Tribunal in respect of an industrial dispute are pending, alter to the disadvantage of any workman concerned in such dispute, the conditions of service applicable to him before the commencement of the conciliation proceedings or of the proceedings before at the Arbitrator, the Labour Court or Tribunal, as the case may be, nor shall he
(a) save with the permission of the Conciliator, while any conciliation proceedings are pending; or
(b) save with the permission of the Arbitrator, the Labour Court of Tribunal, while any proceedings before the Arbitrator, Labour Court or Tribunal are pending, discharge, dismiss or otherwise punish any workman except for misconduct not connected with such dispute.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in subsection (1), an officer of a registered trade union shall not, during the pendency of any proceedings referred to in subsection (1), be discharged, terminated, dismissed or otherwise punished for misconduct, except with the previous permission of the Labour Court. However, the terms and conditions of the employment secured by the workers through collective bargaining, agreements, settlements, awards and decisions of Courts shall continue to be binding upon the parties until revised for betterment of workers.
66. Removal of fixed assets. No employer shall remove any fixed assets of the establishment during the currency of an illegal lockout or a strike which is not illegal:
Provided that Labour Court may, subject to such conditions as it may impose, cause to be removed any such fixed assets for safe custody to avoid damage to such assets due to flood, fire, catastrophe or civil commotion.
67. Protection of certain persons.__ (1) No person refusing to take part or to continue to take part in any illegal strike or illegal lockout shall, by reasons of such refusal, be subject to expulsion from any trade union or to any fine or penalty or to the deprivation of any right or benefit which he or his legal representatives would otherwise have been entitled, or be liable to be placed in any respect, either directly or indirectly, under any disability or disadvantage as compared with other members of the trade union.
(2) Any contravention of the provisions of subsection (1) may be made the subject matter of an industrial dispute, and nothing in the constitution of a trade union providing the manner in which any dispute between its executive and members, shall be settled shall apply to any proceedings for enforcing any right or exemption granted by subsection (1). In any such proceeding, the Labour Court may, in lieu of ordering a person who has been expelled from membership of a trade union to be restored to membership, order that he be paid out of the funds of the trade union such sum by way of compensation or damages as the Court thinks just.
68. Representation of parties.__ (1) A workman who is a party to an industrial dispute shall be entitled to be represented in any proceedings under this Act by an officer of a collective bargaining agent and subject to the provisions of subsection (2) and subsection (3) any employer who is a party to an industrial dispute shall be entitled to be represented in any such proceedings by a person duly authorized by him.
(2) No party to an industrial dispute shall be entitled to be represented by a legal practitioner in any conciliation proceedings under this Act.
(3) A party to an industrial dispute may be represented by a legal practitioner in any proceedings before the Labour Court, or before an Arbitrator, with the permission of the Court or the Arbitrator, as the case may be.
69. Interpretation of settlement and awards.__ (1) If any difficulty or doubt arises as to the interpretation of any provisions of an award or settlement, it shall be referred to the Tribunal constituted under this Act.
(2) The Tribunal to which a matter is referred under subsection (1) shall after giving the parties an opportunity of being heard, decide the matter, and its decision shall be final and binding on the parties.
70. Recovery of money due from an employer under settlement or award.__ (1) Any money due from an employer under a settlement, or under an award or decision of the Arbitrator, Labour Court or Tribunal may be recovered as arrears of land revenue or as a public demand if, upon the application of the person entitled to the money, the Labour Court so directs.
(2) Where any workman is entitled to receive from the employer any benefit, under a settlement or under an award or decision of the Arbitrator, Labour Court or Tribunal, which is capable of being computed in terms of money, the amount at which such benefit shall be computed may, subject to the rule made under this Act, be determined and
recovered as provided for in subsection (1) and paid to the workman concerned within a specified date. Labour Court shall have the powers of Collector GradeI and shall exercise such powers of recovery as determined by it.
71. Performance of functions pending ascertainment of collective bargaining agent. Any act or function which is by this Act required to be performed by or has been conferred upon a collective bargaining agent may, until a collective bargaining agent has been certified under the provisions of this Act, be performed by a registered trade union which has been recognized by the employer or employers.
72. Penalty for unfair labour practices.__ (1) Whoever contravenes the provisions of section 10 shall be liable to fine which may extend to twenty thousand rupees.
(2) Whoever contravenes the provisions of section 17 shall be liable to fine which may extend to thirty thousand rupees.
(3) Whoever contravenes the provisions of section 18, other than those of clause (d) of sub section (1) thereof, shall be liable to fine which may extend to twenty thousand rupees.
(4) An officer of a trade union, a workman or person other than a workman who contravenes or abets the contravention of the provisions of clause (d) of subsection (1) of section 18 shall be liable to fine which may extend to thirty thousand rupees.
(5) Where the person accused of an offence under subsection (4) is an officer of a trade union, the National Industrial Relations Commission may, in addition to any other punishment which it may award to such person under that subsection, direct that he shall cease to hold the office of such officer and be disqualified from holding any office in any trade union during the term immediately following the term in which he so ceases to hold office.
(6) Whoever contravenes the provisions of section 66 shall be liable to fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.
(7) Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to exclude the jurisdiction of a Labour Court or the Court of a Magistrate to try a case under this section if it is authorized to do so by general or special order of the Commission.
73. Penalty for committing breach of settlement. Whoever commits any breach of any term of any settlement, award or decision which is binding on him under this Act shall be punishable
(a) for the first offence, with fine which may extend to twenty thousand rupees; and
(b) or each subsequent offence; with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.
74. Penalty for failing to implement settlement, etc. Whoever willfully fails to implement any term of any settlement, award or decision which it is his duty under this Act to implement shall be punishable with a fine which may extend to twenty thousand rupees, and, in the case of continuing failure, with a further fine which may extend to five thousand rupees for every day after the first during which the failure continues.
75. Penalty for false statement, etc.__ Whoever willfully makes or causes to be made in any application or other document under this Act or the rules made there under, any statement which he knows or has reason to believe to be false, or willfully neglects or fails to maintain or furnish any list, documents or information he is required to maintain or furnish,under this Act or the rules made there under shall be punishable with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.
76. Penalty for discharging officer of trade union in certain circumstances, etc. Any employer who contravenes the provision of section 65 shall be punishable with fine which may extend to twenty thousand rupees.
77. Penalty for embezzlement or misappropriation of funds. Any officer or any employee of a registered trade union, guilty of embezzlement or misappropriation of trade union funds, shall be liable to a fine, double the amount found by the Court to have been embezzled or misappropriated. Upon realization, the amount of fine may be reimbursed by the Court to the trade union concerned.
78. Penalty for other offences. Whoever contravenes, or fails to comply with, any of the provisions of this Act shall, if no other penalty is provided by this Act for such contravention or failure, be punishable with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees.
79. Offence to be noncognizable. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898) no police officer shall be competent to arrest without warrant an employer or a worker for an offence under this Act other than the offence of illegal strike or illegal lockout continued in contravention of an order made under subsection (3) of section 64.
80. Offences by corporation. Where the person guilty of any offence under this Act is a company or other body corporate, every director, manager, secretary or other officer or agent thereof shall, unless he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or consent or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence, be deemed to be guilty of such offence: Provided that, where a company has intimated to Government in writing the name of any of its directors resident in Pakistan whom it has nominated for the purpose of this section and the offence is committed while such director continues to be so nominated, only such director shall be so deemed to be guilty of such offence.
81. Trial of offences. Save as provided in this Act, no Court other than a Labour Court or that of a Magistrate of the first class shall try any offence punishable under this Act.
82. Indemnity. No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any person for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done in pursuance of this Act or any rule.
83. Registrar, etc., to be public servants. A Registrar, a Conciliator, the Presiding Officer of a Labour Court, the member of a Tribunal, and the Chairman and a member of the Commission shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of section 21 of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860).
84. Limitation. The provisions of section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1908 (IX of 1908), shall apply in computing the period within which an application is to be made, or any other thing is to be done, under this Act.
85. Power to make rules.__ (1) The Federal Government may make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act in relation to the Commission.
(2) Except as provided in subsection (1), the Provincial Government may, in consultation with the Federal Government, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act.
(3) Rules make under this section may provide that a contravention thereof shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees.
86. Transfer of pending proceedings. All appeals and applications of any kind pending in any High Court immediately before the commencement of this Act shall stand transferred to the Labour Appellate Tribunals from the date of the commencement of this Act and it shall not be necessary for the Labour Appellate Tribunals to recall any witness or record any evidence that may have been recorded.
87. Repeal and savings.__ (1) The Industrial Relations Ordinance 2002 (XCI of 2002), is hereby repealed.
(2) Notwithstanding the repeal of the Industrial Relations Ordinance, 2002 (XCI of 2002, hereinafter to be called the repealed Ordinance, and without prejudice to the provisions of sections 6 and 24 of the General Clauses Act, 1897 (X of 1897)
(a) every trade union existing immediately before the commencement of this Act, which was registered under the repealed Ordinance shall be deemed to be registered under this Act and its constitution shall continue in force until altered or rescinded;
(b) anything done, rules made, notification or order issued, officer appointed, Court constituted, notice given, proceedings commenced or other actions taken under the repealed Ordinance shall be deemed to have been done, made, issued, appointed, constituted, given, commenced or taken, as the case may be, under the corresponding provisions of this Act; and
88. Former registration offices, officers, etc., to continue.__ (1) The offices existing at the commencement of this Act for registration of trade unions shall be continued as if they had been established under this Act.
(2) Any person appointed to any office under, or by virtue of the provisions of the repealed Ordinance shall be deemed to have been appointed to that office under or by virtue of this Act.
(3) Any books of accounts, book, paper, register or document kept under the provisions of the repealed Ordinance relating to companies shall be deemed to be part of the books of accounts, book, paper, register or document to be kept under this Act.
89. Removal of difficulties. If any difficulty arises in giving effect to any provisions of this Act, the Federal Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, make such order, not inconsistent with the provisions, of this Act, as may appear to it to be necessary for the purpose of removing the difficulty;
Provided that no such power shall be exercised after the expiry of two years from the coming into force of this Act.
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SCHEDULE
PUBLIC UTILITY SERVICES
[See section 2(xxi)]
1. he generation, production, manufacture, or supply of electricity, gas, oil or water to the public.
2. Any system of public conservancy or sanitation.
3. Hospitals and ambulance services.
4. Firefighting service.
5. Any postal, telegraph or telephone service.
6. Railways and Airways.
7. Ports.
8. Watch and Ward Staff and security services maintained in any establishment.
