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Value-Added Tax Act


Published: 2014-12-23

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CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
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 Article 1 (Purpose)   print
The purpose of this Act is to contribute to ensuring the fair imposition of value-added tax and the reasonable fulfillment of the obligation to pay taxes and to facilitating the raising of financial revenue by prescribing the requirements and procedures for imposition of value-added tax.
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 Article 2 (Definitions)   print
The definitions of terms used in this Act shall be as follows:
1. The term “goods” means any things or rights that have property value. Necessary matters regarding the scope of things and rights shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. The term “services” means all labor and activities, other than goods, that have property value. Necessary matters regarding the scope of services shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree;
3. The term “entrepreneur” means any person who supplies goods or services independently for business, regardless of whether the business aims to make profit;
4. The term “simplified taxable person” means any individual entrepreneur whose total proceeds from supply in the immediately preceding calendar year fall short of the amount prescribed by Presidential Decree pursuant to Article 61 (1) and who is allowed to make a return and payment of his/her value-added tax according to the simplified procedures under Chapter VII;
5. The term “general taxable person” means an entrepreneur who is not a simplified taxable person;
6. The term “taxable business” means any business that supplies goods or services subject to the imposition of value-added tax;
7. The term “tax-free business” means any business that supplies goods or services exempt from value-added tax;
8. The term “nonresident” means any nonresident defined in Article 1-2 (1) 2 of the Income Tax Act;
9. The term “foreign corporation” means any foreign corporation defined in subparagraph 3 of Article 1 of the Corporate Tax Act.
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 Article 3 (Persons Liable to Pay Tax)   print
Any individual, corporation (including the State, a local government, or a local government association), unincorporated association or foundation, or other organization that falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall be liable to pay the value-added tax as prescribed by this Act:
1. An entrepreneur;
2. A person who imports goods.
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 Article 4 (Taxable Objects)   print
Value-added taxes shall be imposed on the following transactions:
1. Supply of goods or services by entrepreneurs;
2. Importation of goods.
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 Article 5 (Taxable Period)   print
(1) The taxable period of value-added taxes for entrepreneurs shall be as follows:
1. Simplified taxable persons: From January 1 until December 31;
2. General taxable persons:
Classification Taxable Period
First period From January 1 until June 30
Second period From July 1 until December 31
(2) The initial taxable period for a person starting a new business shall be from the commencement date of the business until the end date of the taxable period in which the commencement date of the business is included: Provided, That when an application for business registration is filed prior to the commencement date of the business under the proviso to Article 8 (1), the initial taxable period shall be from the date of such application until the end date of the taxable period in which the date of application is included.
(3) If an entrepreneur closes his/her business, the taxable period shall be from the commencement date of the taxable period in which the date of closing the business is included until the date of closing the business. In such cases, the standards for determining the date of closing the business shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) 1, if a general taxable person is converted to a simplified taxable person, or a simplified taxable person is converted to a general taxable person, as a consequence of the application or non-application of provisions concerning simplified taxable persons under Article 62 (1) and (2), the taxable period of value-added taxes in the period for which the provisions concerning simplified taxable persons apply in the year during which such conversion is made shall be determined pursuant to the following classification: <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. Where a general taxable person is converted to a simplified taxable person: From July 1 until December 31 after such conversion;
2. Where a simplified taxable person is converted to a general taxable person: From January 1 until June 30 before such conversion.
(5) If a simplified taxable person becomes a general taxable person by waiving the application of the provisions for simplified taxable persons under Article 70, each of the following periods shall be deemed one taxable period, respectively. In such cases, the period referred to in subparagraph 1 shall be deemed the taxable period for simplified taxable persons; and the period referred to in subparagraph 2, the taxable period for general taxable persons:
1. The period from the commencement date of the taxable period in which the date of report on the waiver of application for simplified taxation under Article 70 (1) is included until the last day of the month in which the date of report is included;
2. The period from the first day of the month following the month in which the date of report under subparagraph 1 is included until the date on which the taxable period in which such day is included ends.
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 Article 6 (Place of Tax Payment)   print
(1) A place of tax payment for an entrepreneur’s value-added tax shall be the location of each of his/her place of business.
(2) Any place of business under paragraph (1) shall be a fixed place at which an entrepreneur performs all or some of transactions for his/her business, and necessary matters regarding the scope of places of business shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(3) If an entrepreneur has no place of business under paragraph (2), his/her domicile or residence shall be deemed his/her place of business.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a place of tax payment for value-added tax of a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under the latter part of Article 8 (3) shall be the location of his/her main office or principal office instead of each of his/her places of business.
(5) None of the following places shall be treated as a place of business:
1. A place that only has facilities for the keeping and management of goods, which is reported as a storage space as prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. A temporary place of business established in a place where various events, such as competitions and exhibitions, are held, which is reported as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(6) A place of tax payment for value-added tax of an importer of goods shall be the location of the customs house to which he/she declares his/her import under the Customs Act.
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 Article 7 (Jurisdiction of Taxation)   print
(1) Any entrepreneur’s value-added tax shall be levied by the head of the tax office or the Commissioner of the Regional Tax Office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment under Article 6 (1) through (5).
(2) Value-added tax of an importer of goods shall be levied by the head of the customs house having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment under Article 6 (6).
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 Article 8 (Registration of Business)   print
(1) An entrepreneur shall file an application for business registration for each place of business with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over each such place of business, within 20 days from the commencement date of his/her business, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That a person who intends to newly start a business may file an application for business registration even before the commencement date of the business.
(2) An entrepreneur may file an application for business registration under paragraph (1) with the head of any tax office other than the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business. In such cases, he/she shall be deemed to file an application for business registration with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), any entrepreneur who has more than one place of business may file an application for registration by his/her business unit with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her main office or principal office. In such cases, any entrepreneur so registered shall be treated as a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur.
(4) Where an entrepreneur who has registered his/her business by his/her business unit under paragraph (1) intends to be converted to a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under paragraph (3), he/she shall file an application for modification of registration with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her main office or principal office not later than 20 days before the commencement of the taxable period during which he/she intends to be treated as a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur. The same shall also apply where a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur intends to register his/her business by his/her business unit.
(5) The head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of business who has received an application under paragraphs (1) through (4) (referring to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the main office or principal office in cases falling under paragraphs (3) and (4); hereafter the same shall apply in this Article) shall, upon registration of the business, issue, to the relevant entrepreneur, a certificate of registration with a registration number given (hereinafter referred to as “business registration certificate”), as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(6) Where an entrepreneur registered under paragraph (5) suspends or closes his/her business or is subject to any modification of his/her registration, he/she shall promptly report such fact to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business, as prescribed by Presidential Decree. The same shall also apply where a person who has filed an application for registration under the proviso to paragraph (1) turns out, in fact, not to start the business.
(7) If an entrepreneur registered under paragraph (5) falls under any of the following, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business shall promptly revoke his/her business registration:
1. Where he/she closes his/her business;
2. Where he/she turns out, in fact, not to start a business after filing an application for registration under the proviso to paragraph (1).
(8) Where the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of business deems it necessary, he/she may renew the relevant business registration certificate as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(9) Where an entrepreneur liable to pay the individual consumption tax or the traffic, energy and environment tax has filed a report provided for in any of the following under the Individual Consumption Tax Act or the Traffic, Energy and Environment Tax Act, he/she shall be deemed to have filed a registration application or report described in each such subparagraph: <Amended by Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
1. Where he/she has reported the commencement of his/her business under the former part of Article 21 (1) of the Individual Consumption Tax Act or the former part of Article 18 (1) of the Traffic, Energy and Environment Tax Act: An application for business registration under paragraph (1) or (2);
2. Where he/she has reported the suspension or closing of his/her business or any change in his/her registered matters under the latter part of Article 21 (1) of the Individual Consumption Tax Act or the latter part of Article 18 (1) of the Traffic, Energy and Environment Tax Act: A report on the suspension or closing of his/her business or on the modification of his/her registration under paragraph (6);
3. Where he/she has reported himself/herself as a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under Article 21 (2) or (3) of the Individual Consumption Tax Act or Article 18 (3) or (4) of the Traffic, Energy and Environment Tax Act: An application for registration as a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under paragraph (3) or an application for registration of conversion to a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under paragraph (4);
4. Where he/she has reported the takeover, inheritance or merger of a business under Article 21 (4) or (5) of the Individual Consumption Tax Act or Article 18 (2) of the Traffic, Energy and Environment Tax Act: A report on the modification of his/her registration under paragraph (6).
(10) Other than those prescribed in paragraphs (1) through (9), necessary matters regarding the business registration, the issuance of business registration certificates, the modification or cancellation of registration, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
CHAPTER II TAXABLE TRANSACTIONS
SECTION 1 Transactions Subject to Taxation
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 Article 9 (Supply of Goods)   print
(1) The supply of goods shall be a delivery or transfer of goods based on any contractual or legal grounds.
(2) Necessary matters regarding the scope of the supply of goods under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 10 (Special Cases concerning Supply of Goods)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur directly uses or consumes for his/her own tax-free business any of the following goods that are produced or acquired in connection with his/her own taxable business (hereafter referred to as “self-produced or acquired goods” in this Article), it shall be deemed the supply of goods:
1. Goods for which the input tax amount under Article 38 and the input tax amounts under this Act and other Acts are deductible;
2. Goods acquired through a business transfer under paragraph (8) 2, for which the business transferor is entitled to deduct the input tax amount under Article 38 and the input tax amounts under this Act and other Acts.
(2) Any use or consumption of self-produced or acquired goods, which falls under any of the following, shall be deemed the supply of goods: <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. Where an entrepreneur uses or consumes self-produced or acquired goods for automobiles under Article 1 (2) 3 of the Individual Consumption Tax Act or for the maintenance of such automobiles, for which the input tax amount is not deductible from the output tax amount under Article 39 (1) 5;
2. Where an entrepreneur running a transportation business, an automobile sales business, or any other type of business prescribed by Presidential Decree uses any goods, among self-produced or acquired goods, that are used for automobiles under Article 1 (2) 3 of the Individual Consumption Tax Act and for the maintenance of such automobiles, for any other purpose without using them directly for business within the relevant type of business.
(3) Where an entrepreneur having at least two places of business carries any goods produced or acquired in connection with his/her own business from one of his/her places of business to another for the purpose of sale, it shall be deemed the supply of goods: Provided, That none of the following cases shall be deemed the supply of goods:
1. Where the entrepreneur carries such goods from one of his/her places of business to another during the taxable period for which he/she is treated as a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under the latter part of Article 8 (3);
2. Where the entrepreneur carries such goods from one of his/her places of business to another during the taxable period for which he/she is allowed to pay the value-added tax in a lump sum at his/her principal place of business under Article 51: Provided, That this shall exclude cases where he/she has issued a tax invoice under Article 32 and filed a return with the head of the competent tax office under Article 48 or 49.
(4) Where an entrepreneur uses or consumes self-produced or acquired goods for his/her own personal purposes or other purposes not directly related to his/her business, or where he/she allows his/her employees or other persons to use or consume such goods without any compensation or at less than the market price thereof, it shall be deemed the supply of goods.
(5) Where an entrepreneur donates self-produced or acquired goods to his/her customers or to many unspecified persons (excluding where the price of donated goods is included in the price of the supply of goods which is the main transaction), it shall be deemed the supply of goods: Provided, That the donation made by an entrepreneur for his/her own business, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, shall not be deemed the supply of goods.
(6) Any self-produced or acquired goods left in stock at the time an entrepreneur closes his/her business shall be deemed those supplied to himself/herself. The same shall also apply where an entrepreneur filed an application for business registration prior to the commencement date of the business under the proviso to Article 8 (1), but turns out, in fact, not to start the business.
(7) In selling and buying goods on consignment or through an agent, the consignor or the principal shall be deemed to have supplied or received those goods directly: Provided, That when the consignor or the principal is not identified, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, such goods shall be deemed to have been supplied to, or to have been received from, the consignee or agent.
(8) None of the following cases shall be deemed the supply of goods: <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. Offering any goods as security, which is prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. Transferring any business, which is prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That this shall exclude cases where the transferee of the business pays a value-added tax after collecting it from the recipient of the transfer price at the time of payment thereof pursuant to Article 52 (4);
3. Paying any tax in kind pursuant to Acts, which is prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(9) Except as otherwise expressly prescribed in paragraphs (1) through (8), necessary matters for special cases concerning the supply of goods shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 11 (Supply of Services)   print
(1) The supply of services shall be any of the following subparagraphs based on any contractual or legal grounds:
1. Offering labor;
2. Allowing others to use facilities, rights, or other goods.
(2) Necessary matters regarding the scope of the supply of services under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 12 (Special Cases concerning Supply of Services)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur supplies his/her own services for his/her own business without any compensation, thereby causing inequity in taxation against other entrepreneurs, it shall be deemed the supply of services to himself/herself. In such cases, the scope of those services shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Where an entrepreneur supplies services to others without any compensation, it shall not be deemed the supply of services: Provided, That where he/she supplies services prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as the lease of real estate for business use, to related persons prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as “related persons”), it shall be deemed the supply of services.
(3) The supply of labor under employment relationship shall not be deemed the supply of services.
(4) Other than those prescribed in paragraphs (1) through (3), necessary matters regarding the supply of services shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 13 (Importation of Goods)   print
The importation of goods shall be bringing into the Republic of Korea any goods falling under any of the following subparagraphs [if such goods pass through a bonded area prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereafter referred to as “bonded area” in this Article), it means bringing those goods in from the bonded area]:
1. Goods arriving in the Republic of Korea from a foreign country [including marine products collected or caught in the high seas by a foreign vessel], for which an import declaration has yet to be accepted;
2. Goods for which an export declaration is accepted [this shall exclude the cases of receiving from a bonded area any goods declared for exportation but not yet shipped].
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 Article 14 (Supply of Incidental Goods and Services)   print
(1) The supply of any goods or services, incidental to the supply of the main goods or services, that fall under any of the following subparagraphs shall be deemed to be included in the supply of the main goods or services:
1. Goods or services the price of which is commonly included in the supply price of the main goods or services;
2. Goods or services which is deemed to be incidental to the supply of the main goods or services commonly in light of customary practices in transactions.
(2) The supply of any goods or services, incidental to the main business, that fall under any of the following subparagraphs, shall be deemed to be a separate supply, and the determination of whether such goods or services are subject to taxation or not shall follow whether the main business is subject to taxation or not:
1. Goods or services which are supplied accidentally or temporarily in connection with the main business;
2. Goods which are indispensably produced in the process of manufacturing the main goods or in the process of offering services, in connection with the main business.
SECTION 2 Time and Place of Supply
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 Article 15 (Time of Supply for Goods)   print
(1) The time of supply for goods shall be the time provided in each of the following. In such cases, necessary matters regarding the time of supply for goods by specific types of transactions shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree:
1. Where moving goods is required: The time when the goods are delivered;
2. Where moving goods is not required: The time when the goods are made available;
3. Where none of subparagraphs 1 and 2 is applicable: The time when the supply of goods is decided.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if goods are supplied in installments or on conditions, the time of supply for such goods shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 16 (Time of Supply for Services)   print
(1) The time of supply for services shall be the time provided in each of the following:
1. The time when the offer of labor is completed;
2. The time when facilities, rights, or other goods are used.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if services are supplied in installments or on conditions, the time of supply for such services shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 17 (Special Cases concerning Time of Supply for Goods and Services)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur is fully or partly paid the price for goods or services and at the same time issues a tax invoice provided in Article 32 or a receipt provided in Article 36 with respect to such payment, prior to the time of supply for goods or services referred to in Article 15 or 16 (hereafter referred to as “time of supply for goods or services” in this Article), the time when such tax invoice or receipt is issued shall be deemed the time of supply for such goods or services, respectively.
(2) Where an entrepreneur issues a tax invoice provided in Article 32 prior to the time of supply for goods or services and then is paid the price for such goods or services within seven days of issuance of the tax invoice, the time when the tax invoice is issued shall be deemed the time of supply for such goods or services.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), even though the entrepreneur who supplies goods or services issues a tax invoice provided in Article 32 prior to the time of supply for such goods or services and then is paid the price for such goods or services after seven days of issuance of the tax invoice, the time when the tax invoice is issued shall be deemed the time of supply for such goods or services, if the entrepreneur who pays the price meets all of the following requirements:
1. The time for claiming the price and the time for paying the price shall be separately specified in a written contract, a written agreement, etc. made between the parties;
2. An interval between the time for claiming the price and the time for paying the price shall be within 30 days.
(4) Where an entrepreneur who supplies goods or services in installments issues a tax invoice provided in Article 32 or a receipt provided in Article 36 prior to the time of supply for goods or services applicable to cases prescribed by Presidential Decree, the time when such tax invoice or receipt is issued shall be deemed the time of supply for such goods or services, respectively.
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 Article 18 (Time of Importation for Goods)   print
The time of importation for goods shall be the time when an import declaration under the Customs Act is accepted.
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 Article 19 (Place of Supply for Goods)   print
(1) The place of supply for goods shall be a place provided in each of the following subparagraphs:
1. Where moving goods is required: The place where the movement of the goods starts;
2. Where moving goods is not required: The place where the goods are located at the time when they are supplied.
(2) Other than those provided in paragraph (1), necessary matters regarding the place of supply for goods shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 20 (Place of Supply for Services)   print
(1) The place of supply for services shall be a place which falls under any of the following subparagraphs:
1. The place where services are supplied or facilities, rights, or other goods are used;
2. In the case of international transport for which the supply of services is made at home and abroad, if the entrepreneur is a nonresident or a foreign corporation, the place where passengers are boarded or cargoes are loaded.
(2) Other than those provided in paragraph (1), necessary matters regarding the place of supply for services shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
CHAPTER III ZERO TAX RATE AND TAX EXEMPTION
SECTION 1 Application of Zero Tax Rate
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 Article 21 (Exportation of Goods)   print
(1) If the supply of goods falls within exportation, it shall qualify for the tax rate of zero percent (hereinafter referred to as “zero tax rate”), notwithstanding Article 30.
(2) The exportation under paragraph (1) shall be any of the following subparagraphs:
1. Carrying domestic articles (including marine products collected or caught by a Korean vessel) out of the Republic of Korea;
2. Any transaction prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as a transit trade transaction, for which a contract, the receipt of payments, etc. are made at a domestic place of business;
3. The supply, etc. of goods [excluding gold ingots] using a local letter of credit or a written confirmation of purchase determined by Ordinance of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 22 (Services Supplied Overseas)   print
Any services supplied overseas shall qualify for the zero tax rate, notwithstanding Article 30.
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 Article 23 (Supply of Overseas Navigation Services)   print
(1) The supply of overseas navigation services by ships or aircraft shall qualify for the zero tax rate, notwithstanding Article 30.
(2) Overseas navigation services under paragraph (1) mean the transportation of passengers or freight by ships or aircraft from the Republic of Korea to a foreign country, from a foreign country to the Republic of Korea, or from one foreign country to another, including goods or services supplied by overseas navigation service providers incidentally in the course of their business activities, which are prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(3) Necessary matters concerning the scope of overseas navigation services provided in paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 24 (Supply of Goods or Services, etc. for Acquisition of Foreign Currencies)   print
(1) The supply of goods or services for acquisition of foreign currencies, other than the supply of goods or services under Articles 21 through 23, which falls under any of the following subparagraphs, shall qualify for the zero tax rate, notwithstanding Article 30:
1. The supply of goods or services to any diplomatic offices, consular agencies (excluding any consular agency the head of which is a honorary consul), the United Nations and other equivalent international organizations (limited to those entitled to privileges and immunities pursuant to treaties to which the Republic of Korea is parties and other domestic Acts and subordinate statutes), etc. (hereafter referred to as “diplomatic offices, etc.” in this Article), which are permanently stationed in the Republic of Korea;
2. The supply of goods or services to employees of diplomatic offices, etc. who are not nationals of the Republic of Korea among those qualified as public officials by relevant countries or confirmed as holding other equivalent status by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, which is made in the manner prescribed by Presidential Decree;
3. The supply of goods or services for acquisition of foreign currencies, which is prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Necessary matters regarding the verification of the acquisition of foreign currencies under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 25 (Principle of Reciprocity in Application of Zero Tax Rate)   print
(1) In appling Articles 21 through 24, if an entrepreneur is a nonresident or a foreign corporation, the zero tax rate shall only apply where the relevant country grants the identical tax exemption to residents in the Republic of Korea (referring to those defined in Article 1-2 (1) 1 of the Income Tax Act; hereinafter the same shall apply) or to domestic corporations (referring to those defined in subparagraph 1 of Article 1 of the Corporate Tax Act).
(2) Where an entrepreneur supplies goods or services pursuant to Article 24 (1) 2, the zero tax rate shall only apply where the relevant foreign country grants the identical tax exemption with respect to any goods or services supplied to the staff of the diplomatic offices, consular agencies, etc. of the Republic of Korea.
(3) “Identical tax exemption” in paragraphs (1) and (2) means that the relevant foreign country grants exemption from taxes equivalent to the value-added tax or other similar taxes of the Republic of Korea or that the relevant foreign country has no provisions governing taxes equivalent to the value-added tax or other similar taxes of the Republic of Korea.
SECTION 2 Tax Exemption
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 Article 26 (Supply of Goods or Services Not Subject to Taxation)   print
(1) The supply of any goods or services that fall under any of the following subparagraphs shall be exempt from value-added tax:
1. Unprocessed foodstuffs [including agricultural products, stock farm products, marine products, and forest products which are served for food], and agricultural products, stock farm products, marine products, and forest products which are produced in the Republic of Korea and are not served for food and which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. Tap water;
3. Briquettes and anthracite coal;
4. Menstrual hygiene products;
5. Medical and health services (including veterinary services) prescribed by Presidential Decree, and blood;
6. Educational services prescribed by Presidential Decree;
7. Passenger transport services: Provided, That the same shall exclude passenger transport services by aircraft, expressway buses, chartered buses, taxies, special vehicles, special-type ships, or rapid-transit trains, which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
8. Books (including book-lending services), newspapers, magazines, official gazettes, news communications prescribed by the Act on the Promotion of News Communications, and broadcasting, which are prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That advertisements shall be excluded;
9. Postage stamps (excluding those for collection), revenue stamps, certificate stamps, lottery tickets, and public telephones;
10. Tobacco under Article 2 of the Tobacco Business Act, which falls under any of the following:
(a) Tobacco whose selling price under Article 18 (1) of the Tobacco Business Act is not more than the amount of money prescribed by Presidential Decree;
(b) Tobacco for special use under Article 19 of the Tobacco Business Act, which is prescribed by Presidential Decree;
11. Financing and insurance services prescribed by Presidential Decree;
12. Lease of housing and its appurtenant land, which is prescribed by Presidential Decree;
13. Lease of children’s houses attached to collective housing as welfare facilities under subparagraph 9 of Article 2 of the Housing Act by the managing bodies under subparagraph 14 of Article 2 of the same Act or by the councils of occupants’ representatives under Article 43 (3) of the same Act pursuant to the management rules under Article 44 (2) of the same Act;
14. Land;
15. Manpower services, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, which authors, composers, or other persons provide vocationally;
16. Creative works of art, artistic events, cultural events, or amateur athletic games, which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
17. Admission to libraries, science halls, museums, art galleries, zoos, botanical gardens, or other places prescribed by Presidential Decree;
18. Goods or services which are supplied by any organizations for religion, charity, scholarship, relief, or other public interest and which are prescribed Presidential Decree;
19. Goods or services which are supplied by the State, local governments, or local government associations and which are prescribed Presidential Decree;
20. Goods or services which are, without compensation, supplied to the State, local governments, local government associations, or organizations for public interest prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) The supply of goods or services commonly auxiliary to the supply of goods or services for which the tax is exempted under paragraph (1) shall be considered to be included in the supply of the tax-free goods or services.
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 Article 27 (Importation of Goods Not Subject to Taxation)   print
The importation of any goods that fall under any of the following subparagraphs shall be exempt from value-added tax:
1. Unprocessed foodstuffs (including agricultural products, stock farm products, marine products, and forest products which are served for food) which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. Books, newspapers, and magazines which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
3. Goods which are imported by academic research organizations, educational institutions, the Korea Educational Broadcasting System under the Korea Educational Broadcasting System Act, or cultural organizations for scientific, educational, or cultural purposes and which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
4. Goods which any foreign country donates to religious, charitable or relief organizations for the purposes of religious rites, charity, relief, or other public interest and which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
5. Goods which any foreign country donates to the State, local governments, or local government associations;
6. Low-priced and duty-free goods that are received by residents;
7. Goods imported as a result of removal, immigration, or inheritance, which are exempt from customs duties or to which the simplified tariff rates provided in Article 81 (1) of the Customs Act apply;
8. Personal effects, separately delivered baggages, and mailed parcels of travelers, which are exempt from customs duties or to which the simplified tariff rates provided in Article 81 (1) of the Customs Act apply;
9. Goods imported as commodity samples or advertising materials, which are exempt from customs duties;
10. Goods which are imported, without compensation, for the purpose of display in any fairs, exhibitions, prize contests, film festivals, or other similar events held in the Republic of Korea and which are exempt from customs duties;
11. Goods which are exempt from customs duties in accordance with treaties, international laws and regulations, or international customs and which are prescribed by Presidential Decree;
12. Goods re-imported after exportation, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, from among those qualifying for customs reductions or exemptions: Provided, That in the case of a customs reduction, the value-added tax exemption shall only be given in proportion to such reduction;
13. Goods imported temporarily under conditions of re-exportation, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, from among those qualifying for customs reductions or exemptions: Provided, That in the case of a customs reduction, the value-added tax exemption shall only be given in proportion to such reduction;
14. Tobacco provided in Article 26 (1) 10;
15. Duty-free or duty-reducible goods other than those under subparagraphs 6 through 13, which are prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That in the case of a customs reduction, the value-added tax exemption shall only be given in proportion to such reduction.
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 Article 28 (Waiver of Tax Exemption)   print
(1) With respect to the supply of any goods or services that fall under any of the following subparagraphs, which are exempt from value-added tax under Article 26 of this Act, Article 106 of the Restriction of Special Taxation Act, or other provisions, an entrepreneur may choose not to be exempted from value-added tax by filing a report on waiver of such tax exemption, as prescribed by Presidential Decree:
1. The supply of goods or services qualifying for the zero tax rate under Articles 21 through 24;
2. The supply of goods or services under Article 26 (1) 12, 15, and 18.
(2) Where an entrepreneur has filed a report on waiver of tax exemption under paragraph (1), he/she shall not be exempted from value-added tax for three years from the date on which such report has been filed.
(3) Where an entrepreneur who has filed a report on waiver of tax exemption under paragraph (1) intends to be exempted from value-added tax after expiration of a period under paragraph (2), he/she shall submit a report on the application of tax exemption, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and if not, he/she shall be deemed to continue to waive tax exemption.
(4) Necessary matters regarding procedures for waiving tax exemption under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
CHAPTER IV CALCULATION OF TAX BASE AND AMOUNT OF TAX
SECTION 1 Tax Base and Tax Rate
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 Article 29 (Tax Base)   print
(1) The tax base for value-added tax on the supply of goods or services shall be the total value of all supplies of goods or services provided during the relevant taxable period.
(2) The tax base for value-added tax on the importation of goods shall be the total sum of the taxable value for customs duties and the customs duties, individual consumption tax, liquor tax, education tax, special rural development tax, and traffic, energy and environment tax on such goods.
(3) The value of supply under paragraph (1) means each of the following. In such cases, it shall include payments, rates, fees, or all other things of value, whatever their names are, which are provided by recipients of goods or services, but exclude value-added taxes:
1. Where payments are given in money: The payments: Provided, That when payments are given in any foreign currency or other foreign exchange, they mean the value converted in the manner prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. Where payments other than money are given: The market price of goods or services supplied by the supplier himself/herself;
3. Where a business is closed: The market price of goods in stock at the time of closing the business;
4. Where deemed that goods or services are supplied under Articles 10 (1), (2), (4) and (5) and 12 (1): The market price of goods or services supplied by the supplier himself/herself;
5. Where deemed that goods are supplied under Article 10 (3): The value prescribed by Presidential Decree based on the acquisition value, etc. of the relevant goods;
6. Where goods or services are supplied through credit sales, installment sales, etc.: The value prescribed by Presidential Decree in consideration of the types, etc. of supply.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), if it is likely to unreasonably reduce tax burden on goods or services supplied to related persons, as provided in any of the following subparagraphs, the market price of the supplied goods or services shall be deemed the value of supply thereof:
1. Where payments for the supply of goods are unreasonably low or no payments therefor are made;
2. Where payments for the supply of services are unreasonably low;
3. Where no payments for the supply of services are made and the proviso to Article 12 (2) is applicable.
(5) No amount under any of the following subparagraphs shall be included in the value of supply:
1. The amount of discount made directly on the normal price of goods or services according to their quality, quantity, conditions of delivery, methods of making payments for supply, and other conditions of supply, at the time of their supply;
2. The value of returned goods;
3. The value of goods which are broken, damaged, or lost before they reach a person to whom they are supplied;
4. National subsidies and public subsidies not directly related to the supply of goods or services;
5. Overdue interests received due to a delay in payments for supply;
6. The amount of discount by an entrepreneur from the original value of supply on grounds of receiving payments for supply in advance of the agreed date.
(6) Neither a bounty or other similar subsidy that an entrepreneur pays to a person to whom goods or services are supplied nor a bad debt amount under Article 45 (1) shall be deducted from the tax base.
(7) Where it is not clear whether payments for goods or services supplied by an entrepreneur include value-added taxes, an amount calculated by multiplying the payments by 100/110 shall be the value of supply.
(8) Where an entrepreneur supplies any goods common to a taxable business, a tax-free business, and a business of supplying goods or services exempt from value-added tax (hereinafter referred to as “tax-free business, etc.”), an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree shall be the value of supply.
(9) Where an entrepreneur supplies land with buildings, structures, etc. fixed thereto, the actual transaction price of such buildings, structures, etc. shall be the value of supply: Provided, That when the distinction between the price of land and the price of the buildings, structures, etc. in the actual transaction price is not clear, an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree shall be the value of supply.
(10) Where an entrepreneur leases any real estate as provided in any of the following subparagraphs, the value of supply shall be an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree:
1. Where he/she receives security money for lease on a deposit basis or for lease in return for the lease of the real estate;
2. Where he/she renders a taxable real estate lease with a tax-free housing lease and so the distinction between the leases or between the rents is not clear;
3. Where he/she leases real estate over at least two taxable periods on conditions of receiving the rents in advance or later.
(11) Where any goods deemed the goods supplied under Article 10 (1), (2), and (4) through (6) fall within depreciable assets prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as “depreciable assets”), an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree shall be the value of supply, notwithstanding paragraph (3) 3 and 4.
(12) Necessary matters regarding the calculation of the market price and other value of supply and the tax base shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 30 (Tax Rate)   print
The tax rate of value-added tax shall be 10 percent.
SECTION 2 Collection over Transactions and Tax Invoices
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 Article 31 (Collection over Transactions)   print
Where an entrepreneur supplies goods or services, the value-added tax, computed by applying the tax rate under Article 30 to their value of supply under Article 29 (1), shall be collected from the person who is supplied with such goods or services.
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 Article 32 (Tax Invoices, etc.)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur supplies goods or services [excluding the supply of goods or services exempt from value-added tax], he/she shall issue an invoice stating the following matters (hereinafter referred to as “tax invoice”) to the person who receives the supply:
1. Registration number and name or denomination of the supplier;
2. Registration number of the recipient: Provided, That when the recipient is not an entrepreneur nor a registered entrepreneur, the specific number prescribed by Presidential Decree or the resident registration number of the recipient;
3. The value of supply and the amount of value-added tax;
4. Date of preparation;
5. Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Where any corporate entrepreneur or any individual entrepreneur prescribed by Presidential Decree intends to issue tax invoices under paragraph (1), he/she shall do so by electronic method (hereinafter referred to as “electronic tax invoices”) prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(3) Where electronic tax invoices have been issued under paragraph (2), the entrepreneur shall transmit a list of the issued electronic tax invoices prescribed by Presidential Decree to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service by the deadline prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), where an operator of the electric utility business defined in subparagraph 2 of Article 2 of the Electric Utility Act supplies electricity for industrial use, as specified by Presidential Decree, the operator may issue invoices specifying that they are electronic tax invoices, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and transmit the electronic tax invoice file to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service. In such cases, electronic tax invoices shall be deemed to have been issued under paragraph (2), and a list of issued electronic tax invoices to have been transmitted under paragraph (3).
(5) Any entrepreneur other than those required to issue electronic tax invoices may issue electronic tax invoices and transmit a list of the issued electronic tax invoices, as prescribed in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(6) In cases prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as selling on consignment or through an agent, even though a person is not the supplier or recipient of the relevant goods or services, he/she may issue a tax invoice or an electronic tax invoice or have it issued as prescribed by Presidential Decree, notwithstanding paragraph (1).
(7) Where an error in the entries in a tax invoice or electronic tax invoice is found or a ground prescribed by Presidential Decree arises in connection with the entries in a tax invoice or electronic tax invoice issued, a new tax invoice (hereinafter referred to as “corrected tax invoice”) or a new electronic tax invoice (hereinafter referred to as “corrected electronic tax invoice”) in which such error, etc. is corrected may be issued, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(8) Necessary matters concerning the preparation and issuance of tax invoices, electronic tax invoices, corrected tax invoices, and corrected electronic tax invoices shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 33 (Excuse, etc. from Duty to Issue Tax Invoices)   print
(1) Notwithstanding Article 32, if the issuance of a tax invoice (including an electronic tax invoice; hereinafter the same shall apply) is impracticable or unnecessary or otherwise it is prescribed by Presidential Decree, the issuance of the tax invoice may be omitted.
(2) Notwithstanding Article 32, if an entrepreneur prescribed by Presidential Decree issues a credit card sales slip, etc. under Article 46 (1), the issuance of a relevant tax invoice may be omitted.
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 Article 34 (Time of Issuance of Tax Invoices)   print
(1) Any entrepreneur shall issue a tax invoice to any person supplied with goods or services at the time of supplying such goods or services under Article 15 or 16.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), an entrepreneur may issue a tax invoice under Article 17 even before the time of supply for goods or services under Article 15 or 16.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a tax invoice may be issued not later than the tenth day (if the day is a holiday or Saturday, referring to the business day immediately following such day) of the month following the month in which the date of supply of goods or services is included, if any of the following is applicable:
1. Where a tax invoice is issued as of the last day of a calendar month, including the total value of supplies for the calendar month by transaction party;
2. Where a tax invoice is issued as of the last day of a period not exceeding one calendar month, which is fixed by an entrepreneur by transaction party, including the total value of supplies for such a period;
3. Where a tax invoice is issued as of the date of an actual transaction, which is supported by related documentary evidence, etc.
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 Article 35 (Import Tax Invoices)   print
(1) Where the head of a customs house collects a value-added tax on any imported goods, he/she shall issue a tax invoice for the imported goods (hereinafter referred to as “import tax invoice”) to the importer, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) The head of a customs house shall issue, to an importer, an import tax invoice corrected, as prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as “corrected import tax invoice”), in any of the following circumstances:
1. Where the importer files a corrected declaration, etc., as prescribed by Presidential Decree, before the head of the customs house decides or rectifies the tax base or the amount of tax pursuant to the Customs Act;
2. Where the head of the customs house decides or rectifies the tax base or the amount of tax, or the importer files a corrected declaration pursuant to the Customs Act knowing in advance that the tax base or the amount of tax will be decided or rectified following customs investigations by customs officers or other actions prescribed by Presidential Decree, in any of the following circumstances:
(a) Where the tariff classification is modified by the Customs Co-operation Council under the International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System or by the Tariff Classification Committee under the Customs Act;
(b) Where the original person liable to pay the tax and the actual taxpayer is not the same due to succession to the liability to pay taxes, etc. following a merger;
(c) Other cases prescribed by Presidential Decree, such as where an error in the entry is found to be caused by a simple mistake on the part of the importer or the importer proves that such error is not attributable to himself/herself.
(3) The head of the customs house who issues corrected import tax invoices under paragraph (2) shall submit a list of total tax invoices by customer, which is prepared and corrected by applying Article 54 mutatis mutandis, to the head of the tax office who has jurisdiction over the location of the customs house.
(4) Matters necessary for the preparation and issuance of import tax invoices or corrected import tax invoices and other relevant matters shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
[This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 11944, Jul. 26, 2013]
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 Article 36 (Receipts, etc.)   print
(1) Notwithstanding Article 32, if a person falling under any of the following subparagraphs supplies goods or services (excluding the supply of goods or services exempt from value-added tax), he/she shall issue a receipt, instead of a tax invoice, to the person who receives the supply, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, at the time of supplying such goods or services under Article 15 or 16:
1. A simplified taxable person;
2. An entrepreneur prescribed by Presidential Decree, among general taxable persons, who mainly supplies goods or services to persons other than entrepreneurs.
(2) Notwithstanding Article 32, if an operator of the electric utility business defined in subparagraph 2 of Article 2 of the Electric Utility Act supplies electricity for non-industrial use or otherwise it is prescribed by Presidential Decree, he/she may issue receipts. In such cases, if the operator chooses not to issue a receipt, he/she shall issue a tax invoice instead.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), if a person supplied with goods or services demands the issuance of a tax invoice, presenting his/her business registration certificate, as specified by Presidential Decree, a tax invoice shall be issued to him/her.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), an entrepreneur liable to issue receipts may install a cash register to issue invoices specifying the proceeds from supply under Article 61 (1), instead of receipts. In such cases, if the entrepreneur issues invoices and keeps the relevant audit tapes, he/she shall be deemed to issue receipts under paragraph (1) and to fulfill the preparation of an account book under Article 71, and value-added tax may be imposed on him/her on the basis of cash receipts.
(5) Any credit card sales slip, etc. under Article 46 (1) shall be deemed a receipt under paragraph (1).
(6) Necessary matters regarding the entries in and the preparation of receipts and invoices shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
SECTION 3 Amounts of Tax Payable, etc.
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 Article 37 (Calculation of Amounts of Tax Payable, etc.)   print
(1) An output tax amount shall be an amount calculated by applying the tax rate under Article 30 to the tax base under Article 29.
(2) An amount of tax payable shall be an amount computed by subtracting the input tax amount under Article 38 and other input tax amounts deducted under this Act and other Acts from the output tax amount (referring to an amount less the bad debt tax amount under Article 45 (1)) under paragraph (1). In such cases, an input tax amount corresponding to an excess of the output tax amount shall be included in the amount of tax refundable.
(3) The amount of tax to be finally paid by or refunded to an entrepreneur on the basis of the amount of tax payable under paragraph (2) shall be calculated according to the following formula:
1. The amount of tax to be paid or refunded = A - B + C
A: The amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable under paragraph (2)
B: The amount of tax to be deducted pursuant to the provisions of this Act, including Articles 46 and 47, and other Acts
C: Penalty tax under Article 60 of this Act and Articles 47-2 through 47-5 of the Framework Act on National Taxes
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 Article 38 (Input Tax Amounts to be Deducted)   print
(1) An input tax amount to be deducted from an output tax amount shall be the following amounts: <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. The value-added tax amount (including any value-added tax amount paid under Article 52 (4)) on goods or services used by an entrepreneur for his/her own business or supplied to him/her for such use;
2. The value-added tax amount on the importation of goods used by an entrepreneur for his/her own business or imported by him/her for such use.
(2) An input tax amount under paragraph (1) 1 shall be deducted from an output tax amount for the taxable period during which goods or services are supplied.
(3) An input tax amount under paragraph (1) 2 shall be deducted from an output tax amount for the taxable period during which goods are imported.
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 Article 39 (Input Tax Amounts Not to be Deducted)   print
(1) Notwithstanding Article 38, none of the following input tax amount shall be deducted from an output tax amount:
1. If a list of total tax invoices by customer is not submitted, the relevant input tax amount pursuant to Article 54 (1) and (3); or if a list of total tax invoices by customer is submitted, but all or any of the registration numbers or the values of supply by transaction party, among the items to be entered on the list, are omitted or mistakenly entered, an input tax amount on the omitted or mistakenly entered portion: Provided, That in cases prescribed by Presidential Decree, the input tax amount involved shall be excluded;
2. If neither a tax invoice nor an import tax invoice is issued, or if all or any of the items to be entered under Article 32 (1) 1 through 4 (hereinafter referred to as “requisite entry items”) on a tax invoice or import tax invoice issued are omitted or mistakenly entered, the relevant input tax amount: Provided, That in cases prescribed by Presidential Decree, the input tax amount involved shall be excluded;
3. Deleted; <by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
4. An input tax amount on disbursements, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, which are not directly related to business;
5. An input tax amount on the purchase, hire and maintenance of automobiles (excluding those directly used for operating a transportation business, an automobile sales business, or any other business within the types of business prescribed by Presidential Decree) under Article 1 (2) 3 of the Individual Consumption Tax Act;
6. An input tax amount related to the disbursement of entertainment expenses and other similar expenses prescribed by Presidential Decree;
7. An input tax amount related to a tax-free business, etc. (including an input tax amount related to investments in the tax-free business, etc.), and an input tax amount related to land prescribed by Presidential Decree;
8. An input tax amount before filing an application for business registration under Article 8: Provided, That when such registration application is filed within 20 days after the end of the taxable period in which the time of supply falls, it shall exclude an input tax amount in a period calculated from the date of the registration application back to the date from which the taxable period in which the time of supply falls is reckoned.
(2) Matters necessary in relation to the scope of the input tax amounts not to be deducted under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 40 (Proportional Distribution of Common Input Tax Amounts)   print
Where an entrepreneur runs both a taxable business and a tax-free business, etc., an input tax amount related to the taxable business, tax-free business, etc. shall be calculated based on the actual attribution, and an input tax amount for which the actual attribution is not clear (hereinafter referred to as “common input tax amount”) shall be calculated on the basis of proportional distribution, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, by applying the criteria prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as “criteria for proportional distribution of common input tax amount”) including the ratio of the value of tax-free supplies to the total value of supplies.
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 Article 41 (Recalculation of Common Input Tax Amounts)   print
Where there is at least five percent’s difference in depreciable assets between the ratio under the criteria for proportional distribution of common input tax amount less an input tax amount calculated according to the proportional distribution of common input tax amount and the ratio under the criteria for proportional distribution of common input tax amount applied for the taxable period (if it is recalculated for a subsequent taxable period, the recalculated taxable period) in which the acquisition date of the depreciable assets is included, the amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable shall be recalculated as prescribed by Presidential Decree and returned and paid to the head of the competent tax office along with a final return for the relevant taxable period under Article 49.
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 Article 42 (Special Cases concerning Deductions of Fictitious Input Tax Amounts for Tax-Free Agricultural Products, etc.)   print
(1) Where value-added tax is imposed on the supply of goods manufactured or processed, or of services created, by an entrepreneur through using, as raw materials, the agricultural products, stock farm products, marine products, or forest products which he/she has been supplied with or has imported with an exemption from value-added tax (hereinafter referred to as “tax-free agricultural products, etc.”) under Article 26 (1) 1 or subparagraph 1 of Article 27 (excluding cases where he/she waives tax exemption for application of the zero tax rate under Article 28), an amount computed according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree may be deducted as an input tax amount, which is considered as existing at the time he/she has been supplied with or has imported the tax-free agricultural products, etc.
(2) Paragraph (1) shall be applicable only where an entrepreneur submits to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment a document attesting to the fact that he/she has been supplied with tax-free agricultural products, etc. as prescribed by Presidential Decree, along with any return under Articles 48 and 49.
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 Article 43 (Special Cases concerning Deductions of Input Tax Amounts in Cases of Converting Depreciable Assets from Tax-Free Business, etc. to Taxable Business Use)   print
Where an entrepreneur uses or consumes for a taxable business any depreciable assets for a tax-free business, etc. for which the input tax amount is not deducted under Article 39 (1) 7, he/she may deduct an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree as an input tax amount for the taxable period whereto the date when such assets are used or consumed for the taxable business belongs.
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 Article 44 (Special Cases concerning Deductions of Input Tax Amounts for Goods in Stock, etc. in Cases of being Converted to General Taxable Persons)   print
(1) Where a simplified taxable person is converted to a general taxable person, an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree as regards the goods in stock, assets under construction, and depreciable assets (hereafter referred to as “goods in stock, etc.” in this Article) at the time of such conversion may be deducted as an input tax amount.
(2) Necessary matters regarding the deductions of input tax amounts for goods in stock, etc., such as the scope of the goods in stock, etc. and the time of the application, shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 45 (Special Cases concerning Tax Deductions for Bad Debts)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur supplies goods or services subject to value-added tax, if all or some of relevant credit sales or other sales claims (referring to those which include value-added tax) become irrecoverable as bad debt due to the bankruptcy of or compulsory execution against the person who receives the supply or any other cause prescribed by Presidential Decree, an amount computed according to the following formula (hereinafter referred to as “bad debt tax amount”) may be deducted from the output tax amount for the taxable period whereto the date when the bad debt becomes definite belongs: Provided, That when the entrepreneur recovers the whole or part of the amount irrecoverable as bad debt (hereinafter referred to as “bad debt amount”), a bad debt tax amount related to the recovered bad debt amount shall be added to the output tax amount for the taxable period whereto the date of recovery belongs:
Bad debt tax amount = bad debt amount × 10/110
(2) Paragraph (1) shall apply only in cases where an entrepreneur submits a document attesting to the fact that a bad debt amount has occurred, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, along with the return under Article 49.
(3) In applying paragraphs (1) and (2), where an entrepreneur in receipt of the supply of goods or services has the whole or part of a bad debt tax amount deducted as an input tax amount under Article 38, if the supplier of such goods or services has the bad debt tax amount deducted under paragraph (1) before the relevant entrepreneur closes his/her business, the entrepreneur in receipt of the supply of the goods or services shall deduct the relevant bad debt tax amount from his/her own input tax amount for the taxable period whereto the date when the bad debt becomes definite belongs: Provided, That when the entrepreneur in receipt of the supply fails to make such deduction, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the entrepreneur shall correct such failure through a decision or rectification, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) Where the entrepreneur who has deducted a bad debt tax amount from an input tax amount (including cases where such deduction is made through a decision or rectification by the head of the competent tax office) under paragraph (3) refunds the whole or part of the bad debt amount, the bad debt tax amount involved in the refunded bad debt amount shall be added to the input tax amount for the taxable period whereto the date of refund belongs, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(5) Necessary matters regarding the scope of and procedures for bad debt tax deductions, other than those prescribed in paragraphs (1) through (3), shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
SECTION 4 Tax Deductions
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 Article 46 (Tax Deductions, etc. Subsequent to Use of Credit Cards, etc.)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur (excluding legal entities) running a business prescribed by Presidential Decree, which supplies goods or services mainly to general taxable persons other than entrepreneurs, or a simplified taxable person supplies any goods or services on which value-added tax is levied and then issues credit card sales slips under the Specialized Credit Finance Business Act, cash receipts under Article 126-3 of the Restriction of Special Taxation Act, or other similar ones prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereafter referred to as “credit card sales slips, etc.” in this Article) at the time when tax invoices are to be issued under Article 34 (1) or receives payments by the electronic settlement method prescribed by Presidential Decree, any of the following amount (limited to five million won a year) shall be deducted from the amount of tax payable: <Amended by Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
1. For a simplified taxable person operating a restaurant business or a lodging business: An amount obtained by multiplying the amount issued or the amount of settlement by 2 percent (2.6 percent until December 31, 2016);
2. For other than subparagraph 1: An amount obtained by multiplying the amount issued or the amount of settlement by 1 percent (1.3 percent until December 31, 2016).
(2) In applying paragraph (1), if an amount deducted exceeds the amount of tax payable prior to the deduction of the relevant amount [referring to the tax amount that is obtained by the deduction or addition of the tax amount (excluding the penalty tax under Article 60 of this Act and Articles 47-2 through 47-4 of the Framework Act on National Taxes) that shall be deducted or added under this Act, the Framework Act on National Taxes, and the Restriction of Special Taxation Act from the amount of tax payable under Article 37 (2), and if the tax amount calculated is less than “zero”, it shall be deemed “zero”], the portion of such excess shall be deemed null.
(3) Where an entrepreneur has any goods or services supplied by a general taxable person specified by Presidential Decree and receives a credit card sales slip, etc. in which the value-added tax amount is identifiable separately, the value-added tax amount shall be deemed the input tax amount deductible under Article 38 (1) or 63 (3), if he/she satisfies all of the following requirements:
1. He/she shall submit the credit card sales slip, etc. or other statement of receipt prescribed by Presidential Decree;
2. He/she shall keep the credit card sales slip, etc. by applying Article 71 (3) mutatis mutandis. In such cases, it shall be deemed that the credit card sales slip, etc. have been duly kept if the evidential materials have been kept in accordance with the method prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) Where deemed necessary for the management of tax payment, the Commissioner of the National Tax Service may designate any entrepreneur prescribed by Presidential Decree, who supplies goods or services mainly to consumers other than entrepreneurs, as an eligible person for a credit card merchant under the Specialized Credit Finance Business Act or as an eligible person for a cash receipt merchant under Article 126-3 of the Restriction of Special Taxation Act and then lead him/her to enroll himself/herself as such merchant.
(5) Other than those provided for in paragraphs (1) through (4), the scope of tax deductions based on credit card sales slips, etc., the designation of eligible persons for credit card merchants or eligible persons for cash receipt merchants, and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 47 (Special Cases concerning Tax Deductions Subsequent to Issuance and Transmission of Electronic Tax Invoices)   print
(1) Where an individual entrepreneur issues electronic tax invoices by December 31, 2015 (limited to cases where he/she transmits a list of the issued electronic tax invoices to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service by the deadline under Article 32 (3)), he/she may deduct an amount prescribed by Presidential Decree according to the number of the issued electronic tax invoices from the amount of tax payable for the value-added tax of the relevant taxable period. In such cases, the limit of deduction shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(2) Any individual entrepreneur who intends to obtain a tax deduction under paragraph (1) shall submit a return of tax deduction subsequent to issuance of electronic tax invoices prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, when he/she files a return under Articles 48 and 49. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
CHAPTER V RETURNS, PAYMENTS, ETC.
SECTION 1 Returns and Payments
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 Article 48 (Preliminary Returns and Payments)   print
(1) Within 25 days after the end of a period set forth in the below table (hereinafter referred to as “preliminary return period”) in each taxable period, an entrepreneur shall return the tax base and the amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable for each such preliminary return period to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That the first preliminary return period for a person who starts or intends to start a new business shall be from the start date of the business (if an application for business registration is filed prior to the start date of the business under the proviso to Article 8 (1), the date of application) until the end date of the preliminary return period whereto the start date belongs:
Classification Preliminary return period
First period From January 1 until March 31
Second period From July 1 until September 30
(2) Where an entrepreneur makes a return under paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as “preliminary return”), he/she shall pay the amount of tax payable for the relevant preliminary return period either to the head of a tax office having jurisdiction over each place of tax payment (in cases falling under Article 51, referring to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the principal place of business) along with a preliminary return of value-added tax or to the Bank of Korea (including branches thereof) or postal agencies (hereinafter referred to as the “Bank of Korea, etc.”) along with a statement of payment prepared under the National Tax Collection Act.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), the head of a tax office having jurisdiction over a place of tax payment shall, with respect to any individual entrepreneur, determine an amount (where there is a fractional amount below 1,000 won, it shall be rounded down) calculated by multiplying the amount of tax payable for the immediately preceding taxable period in each preliminary return period (if any tax amount is deducted or reduced from the amount of tax payable under Article 46 (1) or 47 (1) of this Act or Article 104-8 (2) or 106-7 (1) of the Restriction of Special Taxation Act, referring to an amount remaining after balancing the relevant tax amount; and if there exists any decision or rectification under Article 57 of this Act or any decision on the revised return or the request for correction under Article 45 or 45-2 of the Framework Act on National Taxes, referring to an amount which reflects the details thereof) by 50 percent, and collect it not later than 25 days after the end of the relevant preliminary return period, as prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That when the collectable amount is less than 200,000 won or a simplified taxable person is converted to a general taxable person as of the commencement date of the relevant taxable period, the amount shall not be collected. <Amended by Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), if the deterioration of business performance is caused by the suspension of or a slump in business operations or otherwise any cause prescribed by Presidential Decree exists, the relevant individual entrepreneur may make a preliminary return under paragraph (1) and then pay the amount of tax payable for the preliminary return period under paragraph (2). In such cases, the determination under the main sentence of paragraph (3) shall be considered not to have been made.
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 Article 49 (Final Returns and Payments)   print
(1) An entrepreneur shall return the tax base and the amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable for each taxable period to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, not later than 25 days of the end of the taxable period (in the case of the closing of business, not later than the 25th day of the month following the month whereto the date when business is closed belongs under Article 5 (3)): Provided, That no entrepreneur who has made a preliminary return under Article 48 (1) and (4) or who has made a return for early refund under Article 59 (2) shall be required to return the tax base already returned and the amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable already paid or refunded.
(2) Where an entrepreneur makes a return under paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as “final return”), he/she shall pay an amount obtained by deducting the amount provided in each of the following subparagraphs from the amount of tax payable at the time of making the final return either to the head of a tax office having jurisdiction over each place of tax payment (in the case of Article 51, referring to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the principal place of business) along with the final return of value-added tax or to the Bank of Korea, etc. along with a statement of payment prepared under the National Tax Collection Act:
1. The amount of tax refundable subject to early refund under Article 59 (2) but not yet refunded;
2. The amount collected under the main sentence of Article 48 (3).
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 Article 50 (Returns and Payments for Importation of Goods)   print
Where a person liable to pay tax under subparagraph 2 of Article 3 makes a return and payment of customs duties under the Customs Act to the head of the competent customs house regarding the importation of goods, he/she shall do so together with a return and payment of value-added tax on the importation of goods.
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 Article 51 (Lump-Sum Payments at Principal Places of Business)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur having more than one place of business files an application for lump-sum payments at his/her principal place of business with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her principal place of business, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, he/she may pay the amount of tax payable in a lump sum at his/her principal place of business, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Necessary matters regarding the change, non-application, etc. of lump-sum payments at the principal places of business shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 52 (Payments by Proxy)   print
(1) Any person who receives the supply (including bringing into the Republic of Korea which does not fall under the importation of goods subject to the return and payment of value-added tax with customs duties under Article 50; hereafter the same shall apply in this Article and Article 53) of services or rights (hereafter referred to as “services, etc.” in this Article and Article 53) in the Republic of Korea from any of the following persons (excluding where the services, etc. supplied are delivered to a taxable business, but including where the services, etc. not qualifying for the deduction of the input tax amount under Article 39 are supplied) shall collect value-added tax from the person receiving the payment for such services, etc. at the time of making such payment:
1. A nonresident or a foreign corporation that has no domestic place of business under Article 120 of the Income Tax Act or Article 94 of the Corporate Tax Act (hereafter referred to as “domestic place of business” in this Article);
2. A nonresident or a foreign corporation that has a domestic place of business (limited to supply of services, etc. with no relations with the domestic place of business of the nonresident or foreign corporation, as prescribed by Presidential Decree).
(2) Any person who collects value-added tax under paragraph (1) shall submit a return of value-added tax payment by proxy, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and pay the value-added tax by applying Articles 48 (2) and 49 (2) mutatis mutandis.
(3) In applying paragraphs (1) and (2), matters necessary for the methods of calculating proportional distribution and other relevant matters where the actual attribution of the services, etc. supplied is not clear due to the use of such services, etc. for both a taxable business and a tax-free business, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) The transferee of a business transferred under the main sentence of Article 10 (8) 2 may, notwithstanding the main sentence of the said subparagraph, collect a value-added tax from the recipient of the transfer price at the time of payment thereof and pay it to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business by no later than the last day of the month in which the payment date of the transfer price falls, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, by applying Article 49 (2) mutatis mutandis. <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
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 Article 53 (Special Cases concerning Supply of Services, etc. by Foreign Entrepreneurs)   print
(1) Where a person falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 52 (1) supplies services, etc. in the Republic of Korea through any commission agent, quasi-commission agent, or other agent prescribed by Presidential Decree, the services, etc. shall be deemed to be supplied by the commission agent, quasi-commission agent, or agent.
(2) In the case of the supply of a right by a person falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 52 (1), the location or address of the domestic place of business of the person receiving such supply shall be deemed the place of supply for the right, notwithstanding Article 19 (1).
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 Article 53-2 (Special Cases concerning Supply of Services, Business Registration, etc. by Foreign Entrepreneurs Providing Electronic Services)   print
(1) Where a person falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 52 (1) supplies any game, audio or video file or software or other services prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as “electronic services”), which are capable of being executed in a mobile communication terminal device, computer, etc., to consumers in the Republic of Korea, the electronic services shall be deemed supplied in the Republic of Korea.
(2) Where a person falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 52 (1) supplies any electronic services to consumers in the Republic of Korea through any of the following third persons (including any nonresident or foreign corporation falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 52 (1)) (excluding where special cases concerning the supply of services, etc. by domestic entrepreneurs apply under Article 53), the third person shall be deemed to supply the electronic services in the Republic of Korea:
1. A person who operates an open market or other equivalent to provide services to enable electronic services transactions through an information and communications network, etc.;
2. A person who acts as an intermediary, etc. in electronic services transactions in a manner that collects the price from the purchaser and pays it to the seller;
3. A person prescribed by Presidential Decree, who participates in electronic services transactions in a manner similar to subparagraph 1 or 2.
(3) Any person who supplies any electronic services to consumers in the Republic of Korea under paragraph (1) or (2) (limited to a nonresident or foreign corporation falling under any of the subparagraphs of Article 52 (1)) shall have his/her business registered according to the simplified method prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as “simplified business registration”). In such cases, an application for simplified business registration shall be filed according to the method prescribed by Presidential Decree not later than 20 days after the commencement date of the business.
(4) Notwithstanding Article 52, a person who has made a simplified business registration shall make a return and payment under Article 48 (1) or (2) or 49 according to the method prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(5) No person who has made a simplified business registration is entitled to any deduction from the output tax amount or the amount of tax payable, other than the input tax amount to be deducted under Articles 38 and 39, in relation to the supply of relevant electronic services.
(6) Other matters necessary for the place of tax payment of a person who has made a simplified business registration, the determination of when electronic services are supplied, simplified business registration, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
[This Article Newly Inserted by Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014]
SECTION 2 Documents, etc. to be Submitted
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 Article 54 (Submission of List of Total Tax Invoices)   print
(1) Where an entrepreneur issues or receives tax invoices or import tax invoices, he/she shall submit a list of total tax invoices by customer and a list of total tax invoices by seller (hereinafter referred to as “lists of total tax invoices by customer and by seller”), specifying the matters in the following subparagraphs, at the time of making the relevant preliminary return or final return (if the main sentence of Article 48 (3) applies, referring to the final return for the relevant taxable period):
1. Registration number, and name or denomination, of the entrepreneur who gives or takes supplies;
2. Period of transactions;
3. Date of preparation;
4. Sum of supply values and that of tax amounts during the period of transactions;
5. Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Where electronic tax invoices are issued or received under Article 32 (2) or (5) and the list of the issued electronic tax invoices under Article 32 (3) and (5) is transmitted to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service not later than the 11th day of the month following the last day of the taxable period (in the case of a preliminary return, the preliminary return period) whereto the time when the relevant goods or services are supplied belongs, the lists of total tax invoices by customer and by seller do not need to be submitted at the time of the relevant preliminary return or final return (if the main sentence of Article 48 (3) applies, the final return for the relevant taxable period), notwithstanding paragraph (1).
(3) Where an entrepreneur making each preliminary return under Article 48 (1) and (4) fails to submit the lists of total tax invoices by customer and by seller along with each such preliminary return, he/she may submit them at the time of making the final return for the taxable period whereto the relevant preliminary return period belongs.
(4) The head of the customs house who has issued import tax invoices shall submit a list of total tax invoices by customer to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the location of the customs house by applying paragraphs (1) and (2) mutatis mutandis.
(5) The State, a local government, a local government association, or any other person prescribed by Presidential Decree that has had tax invoices issued shall submit a list of total tax invoices by seller to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment within 25 days after the end of the relevant taxable period.
(6) Other than those provided in paragraphs (1) through (5), necessary matters for preparing and submitting the lists of total tax invoices by customer and by seller shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 55 (Submission of Statements of Cash Sales, etc.)   print
(1) Any entrepreneur engaged in a business prescribed by Presidential Decree, among the following businesses, in consideration of the characteristics of the relevant business type and the management of tax sources, shall submit a statement of cash sales prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, at the time of making the preliminary return or final return:
1. Real estate business;
2. Professional service business, scientific service business, and technical service business;
3. Health business;
4. Other personal service business.
(2) Any entrepreneur engaged in leasing real estate shall submit a statement of supply prices in real estate lease contracts prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, at the time of making the preliminary return or final return. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(3) Matters necessary for the preparation and submission of the statements of cash sales and the statements of supply prices in real estate lease contracts and other relevant matters shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 56 (Submission of Accompanying Documents for Zero Tax Rate)   print
(1) Any entrepreneur who supplies any goods or services qualifying for the zero tax rate under Articles 21 through 24 shall submit documents prescribed by Presidential Decree including a statement of the actual exports, along with the preliminary return or final return under Articles 48 (1) and (4) and 49, at the time of making such return.
(2) No return that lacks any of the documents under paragraph (1) shall be deemed to be the preliminary return or final return under Articles 48 (1) and (4) and 49.
(3) Necessary matters regarding the preparation, submission, etc. of the documents under paragraph (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
CHAPTER VI DECISIONS, RECTIFICATION, COLLECTION, AND REFUNDS
SECTION 1 Decisions, etc.
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 Article 57 (Decisions and Rectification)   print
(1) Only when an entrepreneur falls under any of the following subparagraphs, the head of the tax office or the Commissioner of the Regional Tax Office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment or the Commissioner of the National Tax Service (hereafter referred to as “head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment, etc.” in this Article) shall make investigations to decide or rectify the tax base and the amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable for value-added tax in the relevant preliminary return period and taxable period:
1. Where he/she fails to file the preliminary return or final return;
2. Where there are any errors or omissions in details of the preliminary return or final return;
3. Where, in filing the final return, he/she fails to submit a list of total tax invoices by customer or by seller, or he/she omits or mistakenly enters all or some of the items to be entered in the list of total tax invoices by customer or by seller;
4. Where he/she is likely to evade value-added tax as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) In deciding or rectifying the tax base and the amount of tax payable or the amount of tax refundable for each preliminary return period and taxable period through an investigation under paragraph (1), the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment, etc. shall do so on the basis of tax invoices, import tax invoices, account books, and other evidential materials: Provided, That in cases falling under any of the following subparagraphs, an estimation may be made as prescribed by Presidential Decree:
1. Where tax invoices, import tax invoices, account books, or other evidential materials necessary for calculating the tax base are either missing or incomplete in their major portion;
2. Where details of tax invoices, import tax invoices, account books, or other evidential materials are obviously false in view of the capacity of facilities, the number of employees, and the market prices of raw materials, commodities, products, or various charges;
3. Where details of tax invoices, import tax invoices, account books, or other evidential materials are obviously false in view of the quantity of raw materials used, the amount of electric power used, and other operating situations.
(3) Where any error or omission is found in the tax base, the amount of tax payable, or the amount of tax refundable that is decided or rectified under paragraphs (1) and (2), the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment, etc. shall immediately re-rectify it.
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 Article 58 (Collection)   print
(1) If an entrepreneur fails to pay the amount of tax payable stated in his/her preliminary return or final return or his/her paid amount is less than the amount of tax payable, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment shall collect the amount of tax in arrears in accordance with the National Tax Collection Act, and if a decision or rectification is made under Article 57, the head of the tax office shall collect the amount of tax payable additionally in accordance with the said Act.
(2) The value-added tax on the importation of goods shall be collected by the head of a customs house in accordance with the Customs Act.
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 Article 59 (Refunds)   print
(1) If an entrepreneur makes a final return of the amount of tax refundable for each taxable period, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment shall refund such amount to the entrepreneur within 30 days (in the case of any of the subparagraphs of paragraph (2), within 15 days) of the end of the final return period, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if an entrepreneur makes a return of tax refund on grounds of any of the following subparagraphs, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment may early refund the amount of tax refundable to the entrepreneur, as prescribed by Presidential Decree:
1. Where the entrepreneur qualifies for the zero tax rate prescribed in Articles 21 through 24;
2. Where the entrepreneur newly constructs, acquires, expands, or extends any of the business facilities prescribed by Presidential Decree.
SECTION 2 Penalty Taxes
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 Article 60 (Penalty Taxes)   print
(1) If an entrepreneur falls under any of the following cases, the amount indicated in each corresponding subparagraph shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable: <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. Where he/she fails to file an application for registration within the time limit prescribed in the main sentence of Article 8 (1), an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the total value of supply during the period from the commencement date of the business to the date immediately preceding the date on which the registration application is filed;
2. Where it is confirmed that he/she is engaged in his/her business after completing the business registration under Article 8 in the name of another person specified by Presidential Decree or through using the business registration under Article 8 in the other person’s name, an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the total value of supply during the period from the commencement date of business in the other person’s name to the date immediately preceding the date on which the fact that he/she is actually engaged in the business is confirmed.
(2) Where an entrepreneur falls under any of the following cases, the amount under each corresponding subparagraph shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable. In such cases, subparagraphs 3 through 5 shall not apply to the portion covered by subparagraph 1 or 2, and subparagraphs 3 and 4 shall not apply to the portion covered by subparagraph 5: <Amended by Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
1. Where a tax invoice is issued within the taxable period during which the relevant goods or services are supplied after the period during which the tax invoice is to be issued under Article 34 passes, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by one percent;
2. In any of the following cases, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by two percent: Provided, That when a person who is liable to issue an electronic tax invoice under Article 32 (2) issues a tax invoice other than the electronic tax invoice at the time of issuing tax invoice under Article 34, it shall be an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by one percent:
(a) Where a tax invoice is not issued within the taxable period during which the relevant goods or services are supplied after the period during which the tax invoice is to be issued under Article 34 passes;
(b) Where a tax invoice is not issued by the tenth day (if the day is a holiday or Saturday, the immediately following business day) of the month following the end of the taxable period during which the relevant goods or services are supplied if the period during which the tax invoice is to be issued under Article 34 (3) is later than that taxable period;
3. Where a list of the electronic tax invoices issued is transmitted to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service by the 11th day of the month following the end of the taxable period during which the relevant goods or services are supplied after the deadline under Article 32 (3) passes, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by 0.5 percent: Provided, That with respect to any corporate entrepreneur, the same shall not apply until December 31, 2010, while 0.1 percent shall apply from January 1, 2011 until December 31, 2013; and with respect to any individual entrepreneur prescribed by Presidential Decree, the same shall not apply until December 31, 2011, while 0.1 percent shall apply from January 1, 2012 until December 31, 2016;
4. Where a list of the electronic tax invoices issued is not transmitted to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service by the 11th day of the month following the end of the taxable period during which the relevant goods or services are supplied after the deadline under Article 32 (3) passes, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by one percent: Provided, That with respect to any corporate entrepreneur, the same shall not apply until December 31, 2010, while 0.3 percent shall apply from January 1, 2011 until December 31, 2013; and with respect to any individual entrepreneur prescribed by Presidential Decree, the same shall not apply until December 31, 2011, while 0.3 percent shall apply from January 1, 2012 until December 31, 2016;
5. Where all or any of the requisite entry items in a tax invoice are omitted by mistake or negligence or are mistakenly entered, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by one percent: Provided, That the same shall not apply where transactions are confirmed, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(3) Where an entrepreneur falls under any of the following cases, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply (in cases falling under subparagraph 1 or 2, referring to an amount stated in the tax invoice, etc.) by two percent shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable:
1. Where he/she issues a tax invoice or a credit card sales slip, etc. provided for in Article 46 (3) (hereinafter referred to as “tax invoice, etc.”) without supplying any goods or services;
2. Where he/she is issued a tax invoice, etc. without being supplied with any goods or services;
3. Where he/she supplies any goods or services, but issues a tax invoice, etc. in any name other than that of the person actually supplying or supplied with the goods or services;
4. Where he/she is supplied with any goods or services, but is issued a tax invoice, etc. in any name other than that of the person actually supplying the goods or services.
(4) Where a person, other than an entrepreneur, issues a tax invoice without supplying goods or services or has a tax invoice issued without being supplied with goods or services, the head of the tax office who issues a business registration certificate to the person who issues the tax invoice or to whom the tax invoice is issued shall collect, as a penalty tax, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply which is entered in the tax invoice by two percent, deeming that such person is an entrepreneur. In such cases, the amount of tax payable under Article 37 (2) shall be deemed zero.
(5) Where an entrepreneur has his/her input tax amount deducted not by having a credit card sales slip, etc. under Article 46 (3) issued and presenting them at the time he/she makes a preliminary return or final return pursuant to Article 48 (1) and (4) or 49 (1), but on any of the grounds prescribed by Presidential Decree, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by one percent shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable.
(6) Where an entrepreneur falls under any of the following cases, an amount provided for in each corresponding subparagraph shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable: Provided, That when there is an error in entries on a list of total tax invoices by customer submitted under Article 54 (1), the same shall not apply to the supply value of the portion for which the relevant transactions are confirmed based on tax invoices issued by the entrepreneur:
1. Where a list of total tax invoices by customer under Article 54 (1) and (3) is not submitted, an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the supply value of the portion for which the list of total tax invoices by customer is not submitted;
2. Where all or any of the registration numbers or supply values by transaction parties in entries on a list of total tax invoices by customer submitted under Article 54 (1) and (3), are omitted or mistakenly entered, an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the supply value of the portion for which the items to be entered on the list of total tax invoices by customer are omitted or mistakenly entered;
3. Where a list of total tax invoices by customer is submitted at the time of making a final return in the taxable period whereto a preliminary return period under Article 54 (3) belongs because it is not submitted at the time of making the preliminary return, to which subparagraph 2 is not applicable, an amount calculated by multiplying the value of supply by 0.5 percent.
(7) Where an entrepreneur falls under any of the following cases, an amount provided for in each corresponding subparagraph shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable: Provided, That when there is an error in entries on a list of total tax invoices by seller, the same shall not apply to the supply value of the portion for which the relevant transactions are confirmed based on tax invoices or import tax invoices received by the entrepreneur:
1. Where an input tax amount is deducted pursuant to the proviso to Article 39 (1) 2, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the supply value corresponding to the input tax amount deducted based on tax invoices or import tax invoices, not the list of total tax invoices by seller;
2. Where a list of total tax invoices by seller under Article 54 (1) and (3) is not submitted, or all or any of the registration numbers or supply values by transaction parties in entries on a list of total tax invoices by seller submitted are omitted or mistakenly entered, an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the supply value corresponding to the input tax amount deducted based on tax invoices or import tax invoices, not the list of total tax invoices by seller: Provided, That this shall not apply to cases prescribed by Presidential Decree;
3. Where the supply value in entries on a list of total tax invoices by seller submitted under Article 54 (1) and (3) is overstated differently from the fact, an amount calculated by multiplying, by one percent, the supply value overstated in the entries on the list of total tax invoices by seller.
(8) If an entrepreneur fails to submit a statement of cash sales under Article 55 (1) or a statement of supply prices in real estate lease contracts under paragraph (2) of the same Article or the amount of income (for a statement of cash sales, referring to cash sales; hereafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) entered in such statement is contrary to fact, an amount calculated by multiplying by one percent either the amount of income omitted or the difference between the amount of income entered in the statement and the actual amount of income shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable.
(9) In applying paragraphs (1) through (7), the corresponding provisions described in each of the following shall not apply to the portion covered by paragraph (1), (2) 1 or 2, (3), or (6): <Amended by Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
1. For the portion covered by paragraph (1): Paragraphs (2) (excluding subparagraph 2 thereof), (5) and (6);
2. For the portion covered by paragraph (2) 1: Paragraph (6);
3. For the portion covered by paragraph (2) 2 or (3): Paragraphs (1), (6) and (7);
4. For the portion covered by paragraph (6): Paragraphs (2) (excluding subparagraphs 1 and 2 thereof) and (5).
CHAPTER VII SIMPLIFIED TAXATION
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 Article 61 (Scope of Application of Simplified Taxation)   print
(1) With respect to any individual entrepreneur, the sum total of whose proceeds (referring to proceeds including value-added tax; hereinafter referred to as “proceeds from supply”) from the supply of goods and services in the immediately preceding calendar year falls short of the amount prescribed by Presidential Decree within the limit of at least 48 million won and not more than an amount equal to 130 percent of the said amount, this Chapter shall apply, notwithstanding the provisions of Chapters IV through VI, except as otherwise provided for in this Act: Provided, That none of the following entrepreneurs shall be deemed a simplified taxable person:
1. An entrepreneur who has another place of business not subject to the application of simplified taxation;
2. An entrepreneur who is prescribed by Presidential Decree in consideration of business types, business size, districts, etc.
(2) With respect to any individual entrepreneur starting a new business during the immediately preceding taxable period, paragraph (1) shall apply on the basis of an amount computed by converting the total amount of the proceeds from supply from the start date of the business to the end date of the taxable period into an aggregate for 12 months. In such cases, any fraction of less than one month shall be deemed one month.
(3) Where an individual entrepreneur starting a new business expects that the aggregate amount of his/her proceeds from supply in a calendar year in which he/she starts his/her business will be short of the amount under paragraphs (1) and (2), he/she shall declare whether to apply simplified taxation to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, at the time of filing an application for registration under Article 8 (1) or (3).
(4) Any individual entrepreneur who makes a declaration under paragraph (3) shall be deemed a simplified taxable person for the first taxable period: Provided, That the same shall not apply to any entrepreneur who falls under the proviso to paragraph (1). <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(5) Any individual entrepreneur who fails to register under Article 8 (1) or (3) shall be deemed a simplified taxable person for the first taxable period if the aggregate amount of his/her proceeds from supply in a calendar year in which he/she starts his/her business falls short of the amount under paragraphs (1) and (2): Provided, That the same shall not apply to any entrepreneur who falls under the proviso to paragraph (1).
(6) Any individual entrepreneur, the aggregate amount of whose proceeds from supply, which is decided or rectified under Article 68 (1), is not less than the amount under paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be deemed a simplified taxable person until the taxable period whereto the date of such decision or rectification belongs.
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 Article 62 (Period of Application of Simplified Taxation and General Taxation)   print
(1) A period for which provisions concerning simplified taxable persons apply or do not apply under Article 61 shall be from July 1 of the first year to June 30 of the second year after the year in which the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in one calendar year is short of or is not less than the amount prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in cases of an entrepreneur who starts a new business, a period for which provisions concerning simplified taxable persons apply or do not apply under Article 61 shall be from July 1 of the first year to June 30 of the second year after the year in which he/she starts the new business. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(3) Matters necessary regarding the period of application of simplified taxation and general taxation shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 63 (Tax Base and Tax Amount for Simplified Taxable Persons)   print
(1) The tax base for a simplified taxable person shall be the aggregate amount of his/her proceeds from supply in the relevant taxable period (in the case of the return and payment under Article 66 (2), it refers to the preliminary imposition period under paragraph (1) of the same Article; hereafter the same shall apply in this Article).
(2) The amount of tax payable by a simplified taxable person shall be an amount calculated according to the following formula. In such cases, if a simplified taxable person runs concurrently two or more types of businesses, the sum total of amounts calculated by each such business type shall be the amount of tax payable:
Amount of tax payable = Tax base under paragraph (1) × Value-added ratio of the relevant business type prescribed by Presidential Decree between five and fifty percent in consideration of the average value-added ratio, etc. by business type returned for the immediately preceding three years × 10 percent.
(3) Where a simplified taxable person receives tax invoices, etc. issued by other entrepreneurs and submits a list of total tax invoices by seller prescribed in Article 54 (1) or a statement showing the receipt of credit card sales slips, etc. prescribed by Presidential Decree to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, the amount calculated according to each of the following subparagraphs shall be deducted from the amount of tax payable for the relevant taxable period: Provided, That this shall not apply with respect to the input tax amount not to be deducted under Article 39:
1. An amount calculated by multiplying an input tax amount entered in a tax invoice, etc. received during the relevant taxable period by a value-added ratio for the relevant business type under paragraph (2);
2. Where a simplified taxable person runs concurrently two or more types of businesses that differ from each other in the value-added ratio under the latter part of paragraph (2), an amount calculated by respectively applying value-added ratios for the relevant business types under the same paragraph to input tax amounts calculated by means of proportional distribution as prescribed by Presidential Decree;
3. Where a simplified taxable person runs concurrently a taxable business and a tax-free business, etc., an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) Article 29 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the calculation of tax base for any simplified taxable person.
(5) In the case of a simplified taxable person, if the sum total of the amounts under paragraph (3) and Articles 46 (1) and 65 is in excess of the amount of tax payable for each taxable period, the relevant excess portion shall be deemed to be null.
(6) Where the aggregate amount of a simplified taxable person’s proceeds from supply in a calendar year, which is decided or rectified under Article 68 (1) or for which a revised return is filed in accordance with Article 45 of the Framework Act on National Taxes, is not less than the amount under Article 61 (1), the amount of tax payable for the taxable period prescribed by Presidential Decree shall be an amount calculated by applying Article 37 mutatis mutandis, notwithstanding paragraph (2). In such cases, the value of supply shall be an amount obtained by multiplying the proceeds from supply by 100/110, and in the calculation of the input tax amount, no amount of tax deducted under paragraph (3) on the portion for which tax invoices, etc. are issued shall be included in the input tax deduction.
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 Article 64 (Addition of Input Tax Amounts for Goods in Stock, etc. in Cases of being Converted to Simplified Taxable Persons)   print
Where a general taxable person is converted to a simplified taxable person, an amount calculated according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree as regards the goods in stock, assets under construction, and depreciable assets (limited to those qualifying for deductions under Articles 38 through 43, but including those which are taken over by a business transferee through the business transfer under Article 10 (8) 2 and for which the business transferee is entitled to deduct the input tax amount) at the time of such conversion shall be added to the amount of tax payable under Article 63 (2).
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 Article 65 (Deductions of Fictitious Input Tax Amounts for Simplified Taxable Persons)   print
(1) Where any tax is imposed on the supply of goods manufactured or processed, or of services created, by a simplified taxable person running any such type of business as prescribed by Presidential Decree through using tax-free agricultural products, etc. as raw materials, an amount computed according to the formula prescribed by Presidential Decree may be deducted from the amount of tax payable.
(2) Paragraph (1) shall apply only where a simplified taxable person submits, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, a document attesting to the fact that he/she has received the supply of tax-free agricultural products, etc. to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, at the time of filing a return under Articles 66 (2) and 67 (1).
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 Article 66 (Preliminary Imposition and Payments)   print
(1) Notwithstanding Article 67, with respect to any simplified taxable person, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of business shall determine an amount equivalent to 1/2 of the amount of tax payable (if there exists any amount of tax which is deducted or reduced from the amount of tax payable under Article 46 (1), 63 (3) or 65 (1) of this Act or Article 104-8 (2) of the Restriction of Special Taxation Act, referring to an amount remaining after balancing the relevant amount of tax; and if there exists any decision or rectification under Article 68 of this Act or any decision on the revised return or request for correction under Article 45 or 45-2 of the Framework Act on National Taxes, referring to an amount which reflects the details thereof) for the immediately preceding taxable period (if the immediately preceding taxable period is the taxable period under Article 5 (4) 1, referring to the full amount of tax payable for the immediately preceding taxable period; and if there is a fractional amount below one thousand won, it shall be rounded down), as the amount of tax payable for the period between January 1 and June 30 (hereafter referred to as “preliminary imposition period” in this Article), and then collect it by no later than the 25th day after the end of the preliminary imposition period (hereinafter referred to as “preliminary imposition deadline”), as prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That when the collectable amount is less than 200,000 won or the simplified taxable person is subject to application of the taxable period under Article 5 (4) 2, it shall not be collected. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014; Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), any simplified taxable person prescribed by Presidential Decree may return the tax base and the amount of tax payable for the preliminary imposition period to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business by the preliminary imposition deadline.
(3) Where a determination has been made under the main sentence of paragraph (1), and the relevant simplified taxable person makes a return under paragraph (2), the determination shall be considered not to have been made.
(4) Any simplified taxable person who makes a return under paragraph (2) shall pay the amount of tax payable for the relevant preliminary imposition period to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of business, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(5) Any simplified taxable person who makes a return under paragraph (2) shall submit a list of total tax invoices by seller under Article 54 (1) (hereafter referred to as “list of total tax invoices by seller” in this paragraph) at the time of making a return under paragraph (2), as prescribed by Presidential Decree: Provided, That when the list of total tax invoices by seller is not submitted at the time of making the return under paragraph (2), it may be submitted at the time of filing a return under Article 67 (1).
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 Article 67 (Returns and Payments by Simplified Taxable Persons)   print
(1) A simplified taxable person shall file a final return with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, on the tax base and the amount of tax payable for each taxable period, and pay it to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment or the Bank of Korea, etc., as prescribed by Presidential Decree, within 25 days after the end of each such taxable period (in the case of closing his/her business, within the 25th day of the month following the month whereto the date of closing the business belongs pursuant to Article 5 (3)).
(2) In the payment of value-added tax under paragraph (1), any amount of tax paid pursuant to the main sentence of Article 66 (1) and paragraph (4) of the same Article shall be deducted.
(3) A simplified taxable person shall submit a list of total tax invoices by seller provided in Article 54 (1) at the time of filing the relevant return under paragraph (1), as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
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 Article 68 (Decisions, Rectification, and Collection as Regards Simplified Taxable Persons)   print
(1) With respect to any decision on and rectification of the tax base and the amount of tax payable for any simplified taxable person, Article 57 shall apply mutatis mutandis.
(2) With respect to the imposition of any penalty tax against any simplified taxable person, Article 60 (1) shall apply mutatis mutandis. In such cases, in each of the subparagraphs of Article 60 (1), the “value of supply” shall be considered as “proceeds from supply”, and “one percent” as “0.5 percent”.
(3) Where a simplified taxable person who has been issued a tax invoice, etc. fails to have the relevant amount deducted under Article 63 (3), but has it deducted as an input tax amount in calculating the amount of tax payable under the former part of Article 63 (6), upon confirmation of the relevant deciding or rectifying agency under Article 57 (1), an amount obtained by multiplying the value of supply by one percent shall be added to the amount of tax payable or deducted from the amount of tax refundable.
(4) With respect to the collection of value-added tax from simplified taxable persons, Article 58 shall apply mutatis mutandis.
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 Article 69 (Exemption of Simplified Taxable Persons from Payment Obligations)   print
(1) Where the aggregate amount of a simplified taxable person’s proceeds from supply in the corresponding taxable period falls short of 24 million won, he/she shall be exempted from the obligation to pay the relevant tax under Article 63 (2), notwithstanding Articles 66 and 67: Provided, That the same shall not apply to any amount of tax that must be added to the amount of tax payable under Article 64.
(2) Article 60 (1) shall not apply where the obligation for tax payment is exempted pursuant to paragraph (1): Provided, That Article 60 (1) 1 shall apply where no application for business registration is made within the deadline prescribed under Article 8 (1) (excluding where no fixed place of business prescribed by Presidential Decree exists), in which case “amount calculated by multiplying by one percent” in Article 60 (1) 1 shall be “amount calculated by multiplying by 0.5 percent or 50,000 won, whichever is greater”).
(3) In applying paragraph (1), if any of the following is applicable, the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply provided in each such subparagraph shall be based on an amount computed by converting it into an aggregate for 12 months. In such cases, if there is any fraction of less than one month, it shall be deemed one month: <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. As to a simplified taxable person newly starting his/her business during the relevant taxable period, the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply from the commencement date of the business to the end date of the taxable period;
2. As to a simplified taxable person who temporarily suspends or permanently closes his/her business or who changes taxable type during the relevant taxable period, the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply from the commencement date of the taxable period to the date on which the business is temporarily suspended or permanently closed or the taxable type is changed;
3. As to a simplified taxable person subject to application of the taxable period under any subparagraph of Article 5 (4), the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply during the relevant taxable period.
(4) If it is confirmed that an entrepreneur who is exempted from the obligation for tax payment under paragraph (1) has voluntarily paid the relevant tax, the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over the place of tax payment shall refund the amount paid.
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 Article 70 (Waiver of Simplified Taxation)   print
(1) Where a simplified taxable person or a general taxable person subject to application of the provisions for simplified taxable persons under Article 62 intends to waive the application of the provisions for simplified taxable persons and to make himself/herself subject to the application of the provisions for general taxable persons, he/she may be subject to the application of the provisions of Chapters IV through VI, notwithstanding Article 61 (1). In such cases, he/she shall file a report thereon with the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, by no later than the last day of the month preceding the month in which he/she intends to be subject to such application. <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(2) Where an individual entrepreneur starting a new business reports his/her intent to waive the application of the provisions for simplified taxable persons and to make himself/herself subject to the application of the provisions for general taxable persons to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, at the time of filing an application for business registration under Article 8 (1) or (3), he/she may be subject to the application of the provisions of Chapters IV through VI, notwithstanding Article 61 (1). <Newly Inserted by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
(3) No individual entrepreneur who has filed a report pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be entitled to the application of the provisions for simplified taxable persons from the day under any of the following to the taxable period whereto the date when the third year passes belongs: <Amended by Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
1. Where he/she has filed a report pursuant to paragraph (1): The first day of the month during which he/she intends to make himself/herself subject to the application of the provisions for general taxable persons;
2. Where he/she has filed a report pursuant to paragraph (2): The first day of the month whereto the date when he/she starts his/her business belongs.
CHAPTER VIII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
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 Article 71 (Keeping and Preservation of Account Books)   print
(1) An entrepreneur shall record all facts of transactions related to his/her amount of tax payable or amount of tax refundable in his/her account books, as prescribed by Presidential Decree, and keep them at his/her place of business.
(2) Where an entrepreneur supplies goods or services exempt from value-added tax with the supply of goods or services on which value-added tax is levied or where he/she is subject to Article 42 (1), he/she shall enter separately in his/her account books the taxable supply, tax-free supply, and the fact that he/she has had tax-free agricultural products, etc. supplied.
(3) An entrepreneur shall preserve the account books kept under paragraphs (1) and (2) and the tax invoices, import tax invoices, and receipts that he/she has issued or has been issued under Articles 32, 35 and 36, for five years from the deadline for filing a final return for the taxable period whereto the relevant transactions belong: Provided, That when the entrepreneur who has issued electronic tax invoices under Article 32 transmits a list of the electronic tax invoices issued to the Commissioner of the National Tax Service, the same shall not apply.
(4) If an entrepreneur has fulfilled the duty to keep his/her account books pursuant to Article 112 of the Corporate Tax Act and Article 160 of the Income Tax Act, he/she shall be deemed to have fulfilled the duty to keep his/her account books under paragraph (1).
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 Article 72 (Special Cases concerning Amount, etc. of Value-Added Tax)   print
(1) Notwithstanding Articles 37 and 63, the amount of value-added tax shall be an amount computed by multiplying by 89 percent an amount calculated by subtracting the amount of value-added tax to be reduced, exempt, or deducted under this Act and other Acts from the amount of tax payable and then adding the penalty tax thereto, and the amount of local consumption tax shall be an amount computed by multiplying the calculated amount by 11 percent. <Amended by Act No. 12113, Dec. 24, 2013>
(2) If the value-added tax and the local consumption tax under the Local Tax Act are to be returned, paid, rectified, or refunded, the amount calculated by combining the value-added tax and the local consumption tax shall be returned, paid, rectified, or refunded.
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 Article 73 (Tax Managers)   print
(1) Where an individual entrepreneur falls under any of the following subparagraphs, a tax manager to take charge of returns, payments, refunds, and other necessary matters in connection with value-added tax shall be designated:
1. Where he/she does not normally reside in his/her place of business;
2. Where he/she intends to stay abroad for at least six months.
(2) In any case other than those provided in paragraph (1), an entrepreneur may designate as a tax manager any person prescribed by Presidential Decree, to have him/her take charge of returns, payments, refunds, and other necessary matters in connection with value-added tax.
(3) An entrepreneur shall, upon designating a tax manager under paragraphs (1) and (2), report thereon to the head of the tax office having jurisdiction over his/her place of tax payment, as prescribed by the Presidential Decree. This shall also apply when the entrepreneur changes his/her tax manager.
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 Article 74 (Inquiries and Investigations)   print
(1) Public officials engaged in the work of value-added tax may, if necessary for performing their duties related to value-added tax, make inquiries about matters related to the value-added tax of the persons liable to pay tax, persons conducting transactions with them, or trade associations or other similar organizations whereto the persons liable to pay tax belong, or make investigations into their account books, documents, and other articles.
(2) The heads of tax offices having jurisdiction over the places of tax payment may, for tax perpetuation or investigations regarding value-added tax, direct the persons liable to pay such tax to submit their account books, documents, or other articles or to comply with other necessary requests.
(3) When public officials engaged in the work of value-added tax make any inquiry or investigation under paragraph (1), they shall carry their certificates of authority as investigators and show them to interested persons.
ADDENDA
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on July 1, 2013.
Article 2 (General Applicability)
This Act shall apply to any goods or services the supply of which is made or received, or to any imports the declaration of which is made, on or after the enforcement date of this Act.
Article 3 (Applicability to Returns and Payments)
Any amended provisions governing returns and payments shall apply to any taxable period that commences after this Act enters into force.
Article 4 (Special Cases concerning Immediately Preceding Taxable Period)
Notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 61 (2), the taxable period immediately preceding the taxable period whereto the enforcement date of this Act belongs shall include both the first and second taxable periods of the immediately preceding year.
Article 5 (Special Cases concerning Period of Application of Simplified Taxation and General Taxation)
Where the proceeds from supply in one calendar year immediately preceding the enforcement date of this Act are short of or are not less than an amount under Article 61 (1), resulting in the application or non-application of provisions concerning simplified taxable persons under the said Article, the period of application thereof shall be from July 1, 2013 until December 31, 2014, notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 62.
Article 6 (Special Cases concerning Calculation of Amounts of Tax Subject to Preliminary Imposition against or Payable by Simplified Taxable Persons)
The amount of tax payable by a simplified taxable person for the immediately preceding taxable period under the amended provisions of Article 66 in the taxable period whereto the enforcement date of this Act belongs shall be calculated by applying the value-added ratio of the relevant business type under the amended provisions of Article 63 (2) to the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in the first and second taxable periods of the immediately preceding year.
Article 7 (Special Cases concerning Menstrual Hygiene Products Exempt from Value-Added Tax)
Where any entrepreneur who is converted to an entrepreneur exempted from value-added tax or who additionally holds a tax-free business under Article 12 (1) 3-2 of the amended Value-Added Tax Act, Act No. 7007, uses any goods acquired before enforcement of the said Act directly for any business exempt from value-added tax after enforcement of this Act, the amended provisions of Articles 10 (1) and 41 shall not apply.
Article 8 (Special Cases concerning Deductions of Input Tax Amounts in Case of Gratuitously Leasing Real Estate, etc. for Business Use to Related Persons)
Where any person who has run a business subject to value-added tax under Article 7 (3) of the partial amendment to the Value-Added Tax Act, Act No. 11129, fails to have his/her input tax amount deducted, as of the enforcement date of this Act, with respect to any depreciable assets used or to be used the business, he/she may have the input tax amount deducted by applying the amended provisions of Article 43 mutatis mutandis.
Article 9 (Special Cases concerning Exemption from Value-Added Tax of Services of Managing and Operating Assets Entrusted to Investment Advisory Business and Korea Investment Corporation)
Where any entrepreneur who is converted to an entrepreneur exempted from value-added tax or who additionally holds a tax-free business under Article 33 (1) 4 (h) and 17-4 of the partial amendment to the Enforcement Decree of the Value-Added Tax Act, Presidential Decree No. 19892, uses any goods acquired before February 28, 2007 for any business exempt from value-added tax after enforcement of this Act, the amended provisions of Article 10 (1) shall not apply.
Article 10 (Special Cases concerning Exemption from Value-Added Tax of Services Provided by Long-Term Care Institutions under the Act on Long-Term Care Insurance for the Aged)
Where any entrepreneur who is converted to an entrepreneur exempted from value-added tax or who additionally holds a tax-free business under subparagraph 13 of Article 29 of the partial amendment to the Enforcement Decree of the Value-Added Tax Act, Presidential Decree No. 20626, uses any goods acquired before July 1, 2008 for any business exempt from value-added tax after enforcement of this Act, the amended provisions of Article 10 (1) shall not apply.
Article 11 (Special Cases concerning Exemption from Value-Added Tax of Services of Supplying Rights to Use Social Welfare Services as Compensations)
Where any entrepreneur who is converted to an entrepreneur exempted from value-added tax or who additionally holds a tax-free business under subparagraph 14 of Article 29 of the partial amendment to the Enforcement Decree of the Value-Added Tax Act, Presidential Decree No. 21304, uses any goods acquired before February 4, 2009 for any business exempt from value-added tax after enforcement of this Act, the amended provisions of Article 10 (1) shall not apply.
Article 12 (General Transitional Measures)
With respect to any value-added tax imposed or to be imposed, or refunded or to be refunded, pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force, the previous provisions shall prevail notwithstanding the amended provisions of this Act.
Article 13 (Transitional Measures concerning General Taxable Persons and Simplified Taxable Persons)
Any person who falls under a general taxable person or a simplified taxable person pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force shall be deemed a general taxable person or a simplified taxable person under the amended provisions of this Act.
Article 14 (Transitional Measures concerning Business Registration)
(1) Where an application for business registration (including any registration for change to a per-business unit taxable entrepreneur and any registration as an entrepreneur who can make lump-sum payments at the principal place of business; hereafter the same shall apply in this Article) is filed or business registration is made pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force, the application for business registration or business registration shall be deemed to be filed or made pursuant to this Act.
(2) Where a report, etc. on the suspension or closing of business or on the change of registered matters is made pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force, such report, etc. shall be deemed to be made pursuant to this Act.
Article 15 (Transitional Measures concerning Issuance, etc. of Tax Invoices)
Where tax invoices are to be issued or can be issued after enforcement of this Act with respect to any goods or services supplied, or any goods imported, before this Act enters into force, the previous provisions shall prevail, notwithstanding the amended provisions of this Act.
Article 16 (Transitional Measures concerning Preliminary Returns, Final Returns, etc. on Value-Added Tax)
Any person who has made a preliminary return, final return or other return and payment of value-added tax pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force shall be deemed to have made a return and payment of value-added tax pursuant to the amended provisions of this Act.
Article 17 (Transitional Measures concerning Penalty Taxes)
With respect to any penalty tax regarding the value-added tax imposed or to be imposed pursuant to the previous provisions at the time this Act enters into force, the previous provisions shall prevail, notwithstanding the amended provisions of this Act.
Article 18 Omitted.
Article 19 (Relationship with Other Acts and Subordinate Statutes)
At the time this Act enters into force, references in other Acts and subordinate statutes to the former Value-Added Tax Act or to the provisions thereof, if this Act includes any provisions corresponding thereto, shall be deemed references to the corresponding provisions of this Act in lieu of the former provisions.
ADDENDA <Act No. 11944, Jul. 26, 2013>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation.
Article 2 (Applicability to Issuance of Corrected Import Tax Invoices)
The amended provisions of Article 35 shall apply to any corrected declaration, decision or rectification made on or after this Act enters into force.
ADDENDA <Act No. 12113, Dec. 24, 2013>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 2014.
Article 2 (Applicability to Amount of Value-Added Tax)
The amended provisions of Article 72 (1) shall apply to any payment or refund made during the taxable period commencing on or after this Act enters into force.
ADDENDA <Act No. 12167, Jan. 1, 2014>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 2014.
Article 2 (General Applicability)
This Act shall apply to any goods or services, the supply of which is made or received, or to any goods, the importation of which is declared, on or after this Act enters into force.
Article 3 (Applicability to Taxable Period, etc. for Simplified Taxable Persons)
The amended provisions of Articles 5 (4), 62 (1) and (2) and Article 66 (1) shall apply where the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in one calendar year is short of or is not less than an amount computed under Article 61 (1) after this Act enters into force.
Article 4 (Applicability to Special Cases concerning Supply of Goods)
The amended provisions of Article 10 (2) shall apply to any declaration, decision or rectification made after this Act enters into force.
Article 5 (Applicability to Proxy Payments of Value-Added Taxes by Business Transferees Following Universal Transfers of Businesses)
The amended provisions of the proviso to Article 10 (8) 2 and Articles 38 (1) 1 and 52 (4) shall apply to any transfer of business that occurs after this Act enters into force.
Article 6 (Applicability to Submission of Statements of Cash Sales, etc.)
The amended provisions of Article 55 (2) shall apply to any declaration, decision or rectification made after this Act enters into force.
Article 7 (Special Cases concerning Period of Application of Simplified Taxation and General Taxation)
(1) Notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 62 (1), if the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in one calendar year immediately preceding the enforcement date of this Act is not less than an amount under Article 61 (1), resulting in the non-application of provisions concerning simplified taxable persons during the period under the previous provisions of Article 62 (1), and the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in the calendar year whereto the enforcement date of this Act belongs is short of an amount under Article 61 (1), resulting in the application of provisions concerning simplified taxable persons during the period under the amended provisions of Article 62 (1), the period for which simplified taxation applies shall be from January 1, 2016 until June 30, 2016.
(2) Notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 62 (1), if the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in one calendar year immediately preceding the enforcement date of this Act is short of an amount under Article 61 (1), resulting in the application of provisions concerning simplified taxable persons during the period under the previous provisions of Article 62 (1), and the aggregate amount of the proceeds from supply in the calendar year whereto the enforcement date of this Act belongs is not less than an amount under Article 61 (1), resulting in the non-application of provisions concerning simplified taxable persons during the period under the amended provisions of Article 62 (1), the period for which general taxation applies shall be from January 1, 2016 until June 30, 2016.
Article 8 (Transitional Measures concerning Deduction of Input Tax Amounts in Cases of Supply of Goods, etc. Exempt from Value-Added Tax)
If the supply of goods or services exempt from value-added tax (including goods or services not subject to the imposition of value-added tax) is made or received before this Act enters into force, the former provisions shall govern, notwithstanding the amended provisions of Article 39 (1) 3.
ADDENDA <Act No. 12851, Dec. 23, 2014>
Article 1 (Enforcement Date)
This Act shall enter into force on January 1, 2015: Provided, That the amended provisions of Article 53-2 shall enter into force on July 1, 2015.
Article 2 (General Applicability)
This Act shall apply beginning with any goods or services, the supply of which is made or received, or any goods, the importation of which is declared, after this Act enters into force.
Article 3 (Applicability to Business Registration)
The amended provisions of Article 8 (9) 3 shall apply beginning with any report on per-business unit taxable entrepreneur under Article 21 (2) or (3) of the Individual Consumption Tax Act or under Article 18 (3) or (4) of the Traffic, Energy and Environment Tax Act that is made after this Act enters into force.
Article 4 (Applicability to Preliminary Imposition and Payments to Simplified Taxable Persons)
The amended provisions of Article 66 (1) shall apply to any taxable period for simplified taxable person that commences on or after January 1, 2015.
Article 5 (Transitional Measures concerning Commencement of Business by Foreign Entrepreneurs Providing Electronic Services)
In applying the amended provisions of Article 53-2 (3), if the commencement date of a business that supplies any electronic services to consumers in the Republic of Korea is earlier than June 30, 2015, the business shall be deemed commenced on July 1, 2015, so an application for simplified business registration shall be filed not later than July 20, 2015 under the latter part of Article 53-2 (3).