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Law 11/2003/qh11: Accounting

Original Language Title: Luật 03/2003/QH11: Kế toán

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----Accounting law To unify accounting management, ensure accounting is a management tool, closely monitoring all activities effective, economical, financial, provide full information, honest, timely, transparent, public, meet the requirements of the Organization, the Executive management of State agencies businesses, organizations, and individuals;

Pursuant to the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1992 was amended and supplemented by resolution No. 51/2001/QH10 on 25 December 2001 of the National Assembly session, 10 X key;

The law rules of accounting.

Chapter 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS article 1. Scope this law regulates the accounting work, content organization and accounting, people do accounting and professional activities.

Article 2. Application object 1. The object of this Law apply, including: a) State agencies, business units, organizations have used funding State budget;

b) business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget;

c) enterprise in the economic sectors is established and functioning according to the law of Vietnam; branches, representative offices of foreign enterprises operating in Vietnam;

d) cooperatives;

individual business households), group collaboration;

e) Who do accounting, others are related to accounting.

2. For the representative office of foreign enterprises operating in Vietnam, households and individuals trading cooperation, specific government regulations accounting work content according to the basic principles of this law.

Article 3. Apply international treaties the case of international treaties to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam signed or joined other accounting provisions with the provisions of this law shall apply to the provisions of international treaties.

Article 4. Explanation of terms In this law, the terms below are interpreted as follows: 1. Accounting is the collection, processing, testing, analyzing and providing economic, financial information in the form of value, the artifacts and the labor time.

2. Financial accounting is the collection, processing, testing, analyzing and providing economic, financial information with financial statements for objects that wish to use the information of accounting units.

3. Management Accounting is the collection, processing, analysis and provision of information, financial and economic governance and demand economic, financial decisions in the internal accounting unit.

4. economic, financial services are the specific activities increase, decrease of assets, sources form the assets of the accounting unit.

5. the accounting unit is subject to the provisions of points a, b, c, d and paragraph 1 of article 2 of this law have established financial reporting.

6. Accounting period is the period of time determined from the time of the accounting unit start ledger to record the time of ending the logging of accounting, accounting to financial reporting.

7. accounting documents are the documents bearing the news reflects the economic, financial and business arising and have completed, as a base accounting logging.

8. documentation of accounting is accounting, accounting, financial reporting, management accounting reports, audit reports, accounting reports and other documents related to accounting.

9. accounting regimes are the rules and guidelines of accounting in a field or some specific work by the State administration of accounting or the organization is the State governing body of authoritative accounting.

10. Check the accounting is reviewed, evaluated for compliance with the laws on accounting, honesty, accuracy of information, accounting data.

11. Accounting practice is operated to provide accounting services of the business or individual is eligible, conditions made accounting services.

12. Form of accounting is the accounting form, order, logging method and the relationship between the accounting books.

13. Method of accounting is the way and the specific procedures to perform each job accounting content.

Article 5. The task of accounting 1. Collect, process information, accounting data according to the subject and content of the accounting work, according to the standards and accounting regime.

2. check, monitoring the revenues, finance, currency, payment obligations, the payment of the debt; check the management and use of assets and asset sources of formation; detect and prevent violations of the law on finance, accounting.

3. Analyze information, accounting data; Chief, proposed the solution of service request management and economic decisions, financial accounting unit.

4. Provide information, accounting data according to the provisions of the law.

Article 6. Accounting requirements 1. Reflect the full economic, financial and business arising on accounting vouchers, accounting books and financial statements.

2. timely reflection, time regulation information, accounting data.

3. Reflecting the clear, understandable and accurate information, accounting data.

4. Mirror the current state of things, the nature, content and value of business economics, finance.

5. information, accounting data must be continuous reflection from the arising until the end of the economic activities, finance, from inception to termination of activities of the accounting unit; the accounting figures reflect this period to the next accounting figures of previous period.

6. Sorting, sort information, accounting data in sequence, there are systems and can compare.

Article 7. Accounting principles 1. The value of the property is calculated according to the original price, including the cost of buying, loading, transport, Assembly, processing and other costs directly related to when putting your property on the State is ready for use. The accounting unit was not to adjust property values have the accounting logging, unless otherwise specified by law.

2. The accounting rules and methods chosen must be applied consistently during the accounting period; the case of the change of the accounting rules and methods were chosen, the accounting unit should explain in the financial statements.

3. the accounting unit to collect, reflect objectively, fully, properly and correctly States that the accounting, financial and economic services.

4. The information, figures in the financial statements of accounting must be publicly available under the provisions in article 32 of this law.

5. accounting units must use the method property assessment and allocation of revenues, caution, not to falsify the results of economic activities, the unit's financial accounting.

6. State bodies, business units, organizations have used funding State budget in addition to the implementation of the provisions of paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this Article have to perform accounting according to the index of the State budget.

Article 8. Accounting standards 1. Accounting standards include the principles and basic accounting methods to record the accounting and financial reporting.

2. Financial Regulation Sets accounting standards on the basis of international accounting standards and according to the provisions of this law.

Article 9. Accounting object 1. Accounting object active incomes and expenses in the State budget, administration, career; the unit's operations, the Organization has used funding State budget include: a) Money, supplies and fixed assets;

b) funds, the Fund;

c) payments in and out of the accounting unit;

d) Currency, spending and income disparity, the processing operation;

DD) Currency, and to balance the State budget;

e) financial investment, State credit;

g) debt and handle the State's debt;

h) national assets;

I) other properties related to the accounting unit.

2. The object of accounting in the operation of the unit, the organization does not use funds the State budget include the assets, asset formation source as specified at points a, b, c, d and i of paragraph 1 of this Article.


3. The object of accounting in business activities include: a) fixed assets, assets;

b) liabilities and equity;

c) turnover, cost of sales, expenses and income;

d) tax and State budget clause;

DD) results and divide the results of business activities;

e) other properties related to the accounting unit.

4. The object of accounting in banking, credit, insurance, securities, financial investment, in addition to the provisions in paragraph 3 of this article are also: a) financial investments, credit;

b) payments in and out of the accounting unit;

c) commitments, guarantees, the valuable papers.

Article 10. Financial accounting, management accounting, General Accounting, accounting details 1. Accounting in the accounting unit includes financial accounting and management accounting.

2. In carrying out the work of financial accounting and management accounting, accounting units must perform general accounting and accounting details are as follows: a) General Accounting must be collected, processed, documented and provided general information about economic, financial activity of the unit. General Accounting using the currency to reflect the situation of the property, the source form of property, the situation and the results of economic activities, the unit's financial accounting;

b) detailed accounting to collect, process, record and provide detailed information using the single currency, the artifacts and the labor time unit according to each specific accounting objects in the accounting unit. Accounting details illustrate the General Accounting. The detailed accounting data must match the number of records the aggregate in an accounting period.

3. The Ministry of Finance shall guide the application of management accounting consistent with each sector of activity.

Article 11. Unit used in the accounting unit used in accounting include: 1. The unit of currency is the Dong Vietnam (the national symbol is "dd", international symbol is "USD"). In the case of economic, financial and business arising as foreign currency, must keep under contract and Vietnam according to actual exchange rate or exchange rate by the State Bank of Vietnam announced at the time of arising, unless otherwise specified by law; for foreign currencies without exchange rates with Vietnam to convert through a currency exchange rate with Vietnam.

The accounting unit mainly currency, in foreign currency shall be selected in a currency prescribed by the Ministry of Finance made the currency for accounting, financial reporting, but when used in Vietnam is the Vietnam conversion according to the exchange rate by the State Bank of Vietnam announced at the time of the closeout of financial reports unless otherwise specified by law.

2. Unit of artifacts and labor time unit is the official unit of measurement of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam; the case has a different unit of measurement used to convert measurement units out of the official Socialist Republic Vietnam.

Article 12. Letters and digits used in accounting 1. The handwriting used in accounting is Vietnamese. The case must use foreign languages on accounting, accounting and financial reporting in Vietnam, they must use the same time Vietnamese and foreign languages.

2. Digits used in accounting is Arabic digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; After the signature of a thousand, million, billion, trillion, million male, female, female to put a dot (.); When did write the following digit digit unit row to put the comma (,) after the number of the unit.

Article 13. Accounting period 1. Accounting period include the accounting period of the year, quarterly accounting period accounting period, and are defined as follows: a) accounting period is twelve months, counted from the beginning of January to the end of December 31 of the calendar year. The accounting unit has its own peculiarities, organization of activities selected accounting period is twelve months, year round according to the calendar year, starting on January 1st, beginning this quarter to the end of the last day of the last month of the previous quarter next year and inform the financial institutions know;

b) quarterly accounting period is three months, calculated from the beginning of July until the end of the first quarter of the last day of the last month of the quarter;

c), accounting period is one month, calculated from the beginning of January to the end of the day, the last day of the month.

2. the accounting period of the Unit recently formed accounting are specified as follows: a) the first accounting period of the new business was established from the date of being granted a certificate of registration to the end of the last day of the accounting period of the year, quarterly accounting period accounting period, as specified in paragraph 1 of this article;

b) accounting period the first of other accounting unit from the effective date indicated on the form to the end of the last day of the accounting period of the year, quarterly accounting period accounting period, as specified in paragraph 1 of this article.

3. the accounting unit when divided, split, merge, merging, transformation, dissolution, termination of activities or bankruptcy, the final accounting period from the beginning of the accounting period on the year, quarterly accounting period accounting period, as specified in paragraph 1 of this article to the end of the day before the date indicated on the split decision , split, merge, merging, transformation, dissolution, termination of activities or bankruptcy accounting unit force.

4. for the first year or accounting period accounting period last year have less than ninety days shall be allowed to plus (+) with the accounting period next year or plus (+) with the accounting period previous year to calculate an accounting period of the year. The first year or accounting period accounting period last year must be shorter than fifteen months.

Article 14. The prohibited acts 1. Forgery, perjury, agreement or coerce others to forge, perjury, erased the accounting document.

2. Knowingly, agreement or coerce others to provide, confirm information, false accounting data.

3. To outside accounting accounting unit's assets or property relating to the accounting unit.

4. Cancellations or intentionally damaging accounting document archive period prescribed in article 40 of this law.

5. Issued, published accounting standards accounting regime, not the right authority.

6. Taking advantage of the position and powers of intimidation, retaliation who do accounting in the accounting work done.

7. Who is responsible for managing, operating and accounting unit of cum do accounting, store keeper, Treasurer or buy, sell assets, except for private enterprises, individual business households.

8. Layout the accountants, who, as Chief Accountant not qualified, according to the conditions stipulated in article 53 of this Law and article 50.

9. other acts of accounting that the law prohibits.

Article 15. The value of the accounting data, document 1. Documents, accounting data have legal value about the economic situation, finance and accounting unit used to publicize as prescribed by law.

2. Document, accounting data is the basis for building and plan review, estimation, settlement, consider, handle breaking the law.

Article 16. Responsible for the management, use, provide information, accounting documents 1. The accounting unit is responsible for the management, use, preserve and archive accounting documents.

2. The unit is responsible for providing accounting information, accounting documents timely, full, honest, transparent for the individual organization according to the provisions of the law.

Chapter 2: content ACCOUNTING WORK Item 1: ACCOUNTING article 17. Content accounting 1. Accounting must have the following principal contents: a) the name and model number of the accounting;

Day, month, year b) established accounting;

c) the name, address of the unit or the individual accounting;

d) name, address of the unit or personal testimony from accounting;


DD) businesses, financial economics;

e) number, unit price and the amount of economic, financial and business records by number; the total amount of accounting used for the currency, paid by the number of records and in words;

g) signature, name of the person who created, and people who are related to accounting.

2. In addition to the principal content of accounting specified in paragraph 1 of this article, accounting can add other content according to each type of voucher.

Article 18. Electronic documents 1. Electronic vouchers be considered accounting when the content of the provisions of article 17 of this law and is expressed in the form of electronic data, is encrypted without being altered during transmission through computer networks or on objects such as a tape, disk, payment cards.

2. Government Regulation details of electronic vouchers.

Article 19. Establishment of accounting 1. The economic, financial services relating to the activities of the unit are to establish accounting accounting. Accounting is only created once for each economic, financial services.

2. accounting documents must be clearly established, complete, timely, accurate according to the content of the regulations on the form. In the case of accounting regulation model yet, the accounting unit is independent accounting but must have the full content of the provisions of article 17 of this law.

3. economic businesses, finance on accounting not been written off, were not erased, corrected; When written to use pens, number and letter writing is continuous, not interrupted, the blanks are crossed; evidence from being erased, corrected are not worth paying and accounting logging. When writing the wrong accounting form then must cancel by slash on evidence from written wrong.

4. accounting documents must be established sufficient contact rules. The case must establish more accounting for an economic, financial services, then the content is the same. Accounting by units of accounting regulations in points a, b, c and d of paragraph 1 of article 2 of this law up to dealing with the Organization, individuals outside of the accounting unit sent outside must have the seal of the accounting unit.

5. The establishment, who signed and others sign on accounting is responsible for the content of accounting.

6. accounting documents are created as electronic documents are subject to the provisions of article 18 of this law and paragraph 1, paragraph 2 of this Article. Electronic voucher must be printed out and stored according to the provisions of article 40 of this law.

Article 20. Register accounting 1. Accounting must have enough signatures. Signatures on documents must be signed by the accountant pens. Not signed accounting by red ink or stamped signature engraving available. The signature on the certificate from a person's accounting must.

2. The signature on the accounting by the competent person or persons authorized to sign. Prohibition sign accounting when not scoring enough content documents are the responsibility of the signatories.

3. accounting vouchers paid by authorized person signed chi and chief accountant or person is authorized to sign before implementation. The signature on the certificate from the accounting used to spend money to sign for each contact.

4. electronic voucher must have a digital signature as defined by the law.

Article 21. Bill of sale 1. Individual organization when selling goods or providing the services are invoiced sales delivered to customers. Retail cases the goods or provide the services below the level of money regulation that buyers do not require is not invoiced sales. The Government specified the case sales and sales proceeds rates not invoiced sales.

2. organizations and individuals when buying goods or provided services have the right to ask the sales person, the person providing services established, delivered the Bill of sale for yourself.

3. Bill of sale is shown by the following form: a) Bill printed form;

b) print invoice from the machine;

c) electronic invoice;

d) stamps, tickets, cards in payment price available.

4. The financial regulation Bill, organized in form, released and using the Bill of sale. The case of the organization or individual self in the Bill of sale must be competent financial bodies approved in writing prior to implementation.

5. organizations and individuals when selling the goods or provide the service if not established, fails to deliver the sales invoice or Bill of sale is not properly the provisions of article 19 and article 20 of this law and the terms of 1, 2, 3 and 4 of this Article shall be dealt with according to the provisions of the law.

Article 22. Management, use of accounting 1. information, data on the accounting is to record the accounting books.

2. Accounting must be arranged according to the economic content, sequence and time preserving safety as stipulated by the law.

3. Only authorized State bodies have the right to custody, confiscated or sealed testimony from accounting. Cases of detention or seizure, the competent State bodies must photocopy documents detained, seized and signatures on documents copies; at the same time set the record clear reasons, the number of each type of accounting detained or seized and sign, stamp.

4. the competent body seal accounting must set the minutes, stating the reasons, the number of each type of accounting documents were sealed, stamped and signed.

Section 2: ACCOUNTS LEDGER and ACCOUNTING Article 23. Account accountant accounting accounts and system 1. Accounting accounts used to classify and systematize the business economics, financial economics content.

2. The system of accounting including account accounting accounts should use. Each accounting unit must use a system of accounting account.

3. The specific provisions on accounting and the accounts the accounts accounting system.

Article 24. Choose apply accounting account system 1. The accounting unit is based on the account system of accounting prescribed by the Ministry of finance to select account accounting system applied in the unit.

2. accounting units are detailed accounting accounts have chosen to serve the requirements of management units.

Article 25. Ledger and ledger system 1. Accounting books used to take notes, the system and kept the whole economic, financial services have arisen related to the accounting unit.

2. Accounting must specify the name of the accounting unit; the name window; day, month, year of establishment of the window; day, month, year closeout; the signature of the person who created the window, Chief Accountant and legal representative of the accounting unit; the page number; stamped.

3. Ledger must have the following principal contents: a) date of logging;

b) number and date of the accounting used for logging base;

c) summarizes the content of the economic, financial and business arising;

d) the amount of the economic profession, financial derivative accounting accounts on record;

DD) first, balance the amount arising in the period, last period balance.

4. Accounting including General Ledger and accounting details.

5. The specific provisions on the form of accounting, accounting system and the accounting books.

Article 26. Choose apply accounting system 1. Each accounting unit only has a system of accounting for an accounting period of the year.

2. the accounting unit is based on the system of accounting prescribed by the Ministry of finance to select a ledger system applied in the unit.

3. the accounting unit is materialize the ledger has chosen to serve the accounting requirements of the unit.

Article 27. Open the Windows, lock, log book


1. Accounting books to open at the beginning of the accounting period; for newly established accounting unit, accounting books are opened from the established date.

2. the accounting unit is based on the accounting to the accounting logging.

3. Accounting to credited timely, clear, full according to the content of the window. For information, write to data must be accurate, honest, true to the accounting.

4. The accounting records are in order of the time of the economic profession, financially. Information, data recorded on the accounting books of the year after next to information, data on the window of the adjoining years ago. Accounting books are recorded continuously from the time when closeout window open.

5. information, data on the accounting books must be written in ink pen; do not write injected above or below; not overlap; Note how the line; the case does not record off the page window to slash parts not recorded; When recording off the page is the total figures of the community page and transfer the data to the next page in total.

6. accounting unit should lock the accounting books at the end of accounting period before the establishment of the financial reporting and other accounting key case under the provisions of the law.

7. accounting unit recorded accounting ledger records manually or by computer. Logging accounting in case computers must implement the rules of accounting in article 25, article 26 of this law and the terms of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 of this Article. After ledger key on the computer to print out the paper and close the ledger into the book for each accounting period of the year.

Article 28. Fix accounting 1. When ledger discovered inscribed by hand have no errors erased losing trace information, false record data that must be corrected according to one of the three following methods: a dispute Records) by a straight line brick on the wrong spot and write the correct letter or number at the top and must have the signature of the chief accountant on the side;

b) negative number Records by recording the number of wrong with red ink or record the wrong number in parentheses, then record the number of correctly and must be signed by the chief accountant on the side;

c) additional Recording by setting the "certificate from the additional logging" and added the number of variances for lack of enough.

2. in case of detected erroneous accounting before financial statements are submitted to the competent State agencies must then fix on the accounting books of the year.

3. in case of detected erroneous accounting after the financial year has been submitted to the competent State agencies must then fix on the accounting books of the year were discovered flaws and notes on the last line of the accounting year are erroneous.

4. Fix the accounting books in case of logging in using computers: a) cases detected flaws before the financial year report to be submitted to the competent State agencies must then fix directly on the accounting books of that year on the computer;

b) case detection of errors after the financial year has been submitted to the competent State agencies must then fix directly on the accounting books of the year were discovered flaws on computers and notes on the last line of the accounting year are erroneous;

c) corrected accounting in case of logging in using computers is performed according to the method specified in point b or c paragraph 1 of this Article.

Item 3: FINANCIAL REPORTS Article 29. Financial report 1. Financial statements are created according to the accounting standards and accounting mode used for synthesis and presentation about the economic situation, the unit's financial accounting.

2. the financial statements of the accounting unit operating incomes and expenses in the State budget, administrative agencies, business units, organizations have used the State budget funding and business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget include: a) the balance sheet accounts;

b) report currency, chi;

c) A presentation of financial statements;

d) other reports under the provisions of the law.

3. the financial statements of the accounting unit in operations include: a) the balance Sheet;

b) reported results of operations;

c) cash flow statements;

d) A presentation of financial reports.

4. Ministry of finance specifies the financial reporting for each sector of activity.

Article 30. Set up financial statements 1. The accounting unit must establish financial reports at the end of accounting period; case law has established the financial reporting regulation under another accounting period accounting units are established according to the accounting period.

2. The financial statements are based on the figures after accounting courses. Superior accounting unit to establish general or financial report consolidated financial statements based on the financial statements of the accounting unit in the same accounting unit.

3. Financial statements must be set up right content, methods and presentation consistency between the accounting period; financial reporting case presented differences between the accounting period must then instantiate it clear reasons.

4. financial report must be created, Chief Accountant and legal representative of the accounting unit. The signed financial statements have to be responsible for the content of the report.

Article 31. The time limit for the submission of financial statements 1. Financial statements of accounting must be submitted to the competent State agencies within a period of ninety days from the date of the end of accounting period in accordance with the law; for the report of the budget, the time limit for submission of the report was made according to the regulations of the Government.

2. The Government specifies the time limit for the submission of financial reports, budget settlement reports for each sector of activity and each level of management.

Article 32. The content publicly available financial statements 1. The content publicly available financial statements of accounting units operating incomes and expenses in the State budget, administrative agencies, business units, organizations have used the State budget funding and business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget include: a) unit active in the accounting currency State budget expenditure, public settlement currency, the State budget year;

b) accounting unit is the administrative agency, business units, organizations have used the State budget funding publicly settlement currency, the State budget and other financial revenues and expenses;

c) accounting unit is the business units, the organization does not use State budget funding publicly settlement currency, fiscal year;

d) accounting unit has used the donations of the people publicly promoting and using the donations, contributions, level object, use the results and settlement currency, each of the donations.

2. The content publicly available financial statements of accounting units in operations include: a) the situation of the assets, liabilities and equity;

b) results of operations;

c) set up and use of the funds;

d) the income of the employee.

3. the financial statements of the unit audited accounting when publicly attached to the conclusions of the audit organization.

Article 33. The form and time limit of public financial statements 1. The financial reporting is done according to the form: a) released publications;

b) notice in writing;

c) listing;

d) The forms prescribed by law.

2. the accounting unit active in the currency, State budget expenditure to the financial year report public within a period of sixty days from the date the authorized browser.

3. the accounting unit is the administrative agency, business units, organizations have used the State budget funding and business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget, the accounting unit has used the donations of the people must publicly report financial year within thirty days from the date of being competent.


4. accounting units active in the business have to publicly report financial year within one hundred and twenty days from the end of the accounting period of the year.

Article 34. Audited financial statements 1. Financial reporting in the accounting unit that the law must then audit must be audited prior to submission to the competent State authorities and before the public.

2. accounting units when auditing is in full compliance with the provisions of the law on auditing.

3. financial report audited when filed with the competent State agencies provided for in article 31 of this law must have the audit report attached.

Section 4: test of ACCOUNTING 35 Thing. Check accounting accounting unit subjected to the test of the competent authority and not too once test the same content within a year. The accounting checking is only done when there is a decision of the competent authority under the provisions of the law.

Article 36. Accounting test content 1. Accounting test content including: a) check the implementation of the accounting work content;

b) examine the Organization of accounting and accountants;

c) test the Organization of management and professional accounting activities;

d) examine the observance of the provisions of the law on accounting.

2. content check accounting must be specified in the decision to test.

Article 37. Rights and responsibilities of the accounting test 1. When checking accounting, accounting inspection delegation must present accounting inspection decisions. Accounting inspection group has the right to request an accounting unit be checked to provide accounting records related to content check accounting and explanations when necessary.

2. When finished check accounting, accounting test group must establish a check and accounting for accounting units are examined one Edition; If found to have violated the law on accounting, the handle under the authority or the transfer of records to the State agency authorized to handle according to the provisions of the law.

3. check Group Chief Accountant is responsible for the test conclusions.

4. check the accounting Group to comply with the order, the content, scope and duration of the test, do not affect the normal operation and not be harassed the accounting unit is checked.

Article 38. The responsibilities and rights of the accounting unit is the accounting test 1. The accounting unit is responsible for accounting test: a test group) provides accounting accounting documents related to the content and the process of checking the contents as required by the inspection group;

b) make the conclusion of the test group accounting.

2. the accounting unit is checking of accounting has the right: a) refused to check if the check is not in the right jurisdiction, or testing content contrary to the provisions of article 36 of this law;

b) complain about the conclusion of the test group with the competent organs decide to check accounting; the case does not agree with the conclusions of the competent organs decide to examine the accounting made under the provisions of the law.

Item 5: ASSET INVENTORY, PRESERVE, ARCHIVE ACCOUNTING DOCUMENTS Article 39. Asset inventory 1. Inventory of assets is the weight, making, measuring, counting the number; validation and quality assessment, the value of the property, existing sources of capital at the time of inventory to check against the figures in the accounting books.

2. the accounting unit is the inventory of property in the following circumstances: a the Last accounting year, period) before the establishment of the financial reporting;

b) Division, separation, consolidation, merger, dissolution, termination of activities, bankruptcy, or sell, lease, rent enterprises;

c) convert forms of business ownership;

d) fire, flood and other unusual damage;

DD) revaluation of assets as determined by the competent State agencies;

e) other circumstances as stipulated by law.

3. After the inventory of assets, the accounting unit must report inventory results. The case of the difference between the actual inventory data with data recorded on the accounting books, accounting unit to determine the cause and must reflect the number of variances and the results processed on the accounting books before the financial reports.

4. The inventory must properly reflect the actual assets, asset formation source. Who created and signed the report inventory results are responsible for the inventory results.

Article 40. Preserving, archive accounting documents 1. Accounting documents must be in accounting units preserved in full safety during use and storage.

2. the accounting document archive is a key. The case of accounting documents detained, seized, they must have the minutes attached a certified copy; If lost or destroyed, they must be accompanied by a copy of the minutes of the capture or confirmed.

3. Accounting documents are put into archives within twelve months from the date of the end of accounting period or year end accounting work.

4. the legal representative of the accounting unit is responsible for the Organization, preservation archive accounting documents.

5. Accounting documents must be stored according to the following deadlines: a) the five-year minimum for accounting records for management, the Executive Unit of accounting, including accounting does not use directly to accounting and financial reporting;

b) minimum ten years accounting for direct use to record the accounting and financial reporting, accounting and financial reporting in the law, unless otherwise specified;

c) stored permanently for accounting documents are historical, have important implications on economic, security and defense.

6. each specific government regulations accounting document type are stored, the storage period, the time of calculating the time limit for storing provisions in clause 5 of this article, the place of storage and destruction procedures accounting document archive.

Article 41. Accounting jobs in the case of accounting documents were lost or destroyed When discovered the accounting document is lost or destroyed, the accounting unit to perform the following tasks: 1. To check, identify and record-setting number, the status quo, causes accounting documents were lost or destroyed and inform the Organization personal, relevant and competent State agencies;

2. hold back the recovery of damaged accounting documents;

3. contact with the Organization, individuals have the transaction documents, the accounting data to be copied or reconfirm accounting documents were lost or destroyed;

4. With regard to accounting documents related to the property but could not be recovered by the measures prescribed in clause 2 and clause 3 of this article, they must inventory your assets to restore accounting documents were lost or destroyed.

Item 6: ACCOUNTING WORK in the CASE of the ACCOUNTING UNIT SPLIT, SPLIT, merge, merging, TRANSFORMATION, DISSOLUTION, termination of ACTIVITIES, bankruptcy Article 42. Accounting jobs in case of split accounting units 1. The accounting unit was divided into the new accounting units must perform the following tasks: a) the key accounting, inventory assets, determine the unpaid debt, financial reporting;

b) Division of property, unpaid debt, set the minutes and accounting logging console, according to the minutes of the transfer;

c) delivery of accounting documents related to the property, the outstanding debt for the new accounting unit.

2. new accounting unit was established based on the minutes of the open console, accounting and accounting records according to the provisions of this law.

43 things. Accounting jobs in case of separate accounting unit 1. The accounting unit being spun a Division to establish new accounting units must perform the following tasks:


a) property inventory, determine the outstanding debt of the Department was split;

b) delivery of property, the outstanding debt of the Department was split, formed thereon and accounting logging console, according to the minutes of the transfer;

c) delivery of accounting documents related to the property, the outstanding debt for new accounting unit; with respect to the accounting document is not delivered, the accounting unit separated archive according to the provisions of article 40 of this law.

2. new accounting unit was established based on the minutes of the open console, accounting and accounting records according to the provisions of this law.

Article 44. Accounting jobs in the case of the accounting unit 1. The accounting unit incorporated new accounting unit then each accounting unit being merged must perform the following tasks: a) the key accounting, inventory assets, determine the unpaid debt, financial reporting;

b) hand over the whole property, unpaid debt, set the minutes and accounting logging console, according to the minutes of the transfer;

c) handing the entire accounting documents for accounting units.

2. consolidated accounting units must perform the following tasks: a) based on the minutes of the transfer, open the Windows accounting and accounting records;

b) general financial statements of accounting units were consolidated into the financial statements of the accounting unit.

Article 45. Accounting jobs in case of merger accounting units 1. Accounting units merged into other accounting units must perform the following tasks: a) the key accounting, inventory assets, determine the unpaid debt, financial reporting;

b) hand over the whole property, unpaid debt, set the minutes and accounting logging console, according to the minutes of the transfer;

c) handing the entire accounting documents for accounting units merged.

2. the accounting unit received the merger based on the minutes of the accounting logging console according to the provisions of this law.

Article 46. Accounting jobs in case of transformation of ownership 1. The accounting unit conversion form property must perform the following tasks: a) the key accounting, inventory assets, determine the unpaid debt, financial reporting;

b) hand over the whole property, unpaid debt, set the minutes and accounting logging console, according to the minutes of the transfer;

c) hand over the full documents accounting for the accounting unit has new ownership form.

2. the accounting unit has new ownership form based on the minutes of the open console, accounting and accounting records according to the provisions of this law.

Article 47. Accounting jobs in case of dissolution, cessation of activity, bankruptcy 1. The accounting unit is dissolved or terminate the operation must perform the following tasks: a) the key accounting, inventory assets, determine the unpaid debt, financial reporting;

b) Open Book tracks the economic, financial and business related to the dissolution, cessation of activity;

c) hand over the accounting documents of the accounting unit dissolved or terminated operations after finishing processing for superior accounting units or organizations, individual store according to the provisions of article 40 of this law.

2. The case of the accounting unit be declared bankrupt, the bankruptcy court appointed the accounting work done according to the provisions in clause 1 of this article.

Chapter 3: ORGANIZATIONAL and ACCOUNTING who DO ACCOUNTING Article 48. Organization of accounting 1. Unit of accounting to the accounting organization, layout people do accounting or hire accountants.

2. the accounting unit is the layout people do head accountant. The case of the accounting unit has not yet deployed was the Chief Accountant must then send the accounting charge, or hire someone to do the Chief Accountant (hereinafter chief accountant and the person in charge of accounting known collectively as the Chief Accountant).

3. where the Agency, business for the accounting unit and accounting unit level shall organise accounting pursuant to the provisions of the law.

Article 49. The responsibility of the legal representatives of the accounting unit 1. Organization of accounting, bookkeeping, doing layout people do head accounting standard, the conditions specified in this law.

2. The decision to hire accountants, hired as Chief Accountant.

3. Organize and oversee the direction of accounting in accounting units in accordance with the accounting legislation and responsible for the consequences due to the wrong he caused.

Article 50. Standards, rights and responsibilities of people do accounting 1. The accountant must have the following criteria: a) business conduct quality, honest, incorruptible, consciously obey the law;

b) Have expertise, accounting profession.

2. Who do accounting reserves of expertise, independent accounting profession.

3. Who do accounting is responsible for compliance with the provisions of the law on accountancy, perform the work assigned and take responsibility for their professional expertise. When changing the accountants, who made the old accounting is responsible for delivery of the work of accounting and accounting documents for people who do accounting. The former accountant is responsible for accounting work in his time doing accounting.

Article 51. Those who are not do accounting 1. Juveniles; who is restricted or lost the capacity for civil acts; people are having to take on the institution, the basis of healing or probation administration.

2. People are forbidden to practice, all do accounting under the judgment or decision of the Court; people are being prejudice criminal liability; people are having to accept criminal or convicted of a crime in the economy, about the position related to finance, accounting that has not been deleted projects.

3. Father, mother, wife, husband, son, brother, siblings of people who are responsible for managing the accounting unit, including its chief accountant in the same accounting unit is the State-owned enterprises, joint-stock companies, cooperatives, State authorities, business units, organizations have used funding State budget , business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget.

4. Store keeper, Treasurer, who buy, sell the property in the same accounting unit is the State-owned enterprises, joint-stock companies, cooperatives, State authorities, business units, organizations have used funding State budget, business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget.

Article 52. Chief Accountant 1. Accountants have a duty to oversee the Organization of accounting in the accounting unit as defined in article 5 of this law.

2. Chief Accountant of State authorities, business units, organizations have used funding State budget, business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget and State enterprises in addition to the duties specified in paragraph 1 of this article also has the task of helping the representative under the law of financial supervision and accounting in the accounting unit.

3. Chief accountant under the leadership of the legal representative of the accounting unit; the case of the accounting unit on the upper level, then at the same time subject to the direction and check of the Chief Accountant of the superior professional expertise.

4. The case of the accounting unit sent the person in charge of accounting instead of Chief Accountant, the person in charge must have accounting standards stipulated in clause 1 of article 50 of this Law and shall perform the duties, responsibilities and rights regulation for chief accountant.

Article 53. Standard terms and conditions of the Chief Accountant 1. Chief Accountant must have the following criteria: a) the standards prescribed in clause 1 of article 50 of this Law;

b) have expertise, professional accountant from the Middle upwards;


c) real time accounting for at least two years for people who have the expertise, professional accounting from university level and real time accounting for at least three years for qualified Accounting Professional, high level.

2. Who do the Chief Accountant must have the certificate through the public accountant.

3. The Government specifies the standards and terms of accounting consistent with each type of accounting units.

Article 54. The responsibilities and rights of the Chief Accountant 1. Chief Accountant is responsible for: a) the implementation of the provisions of the law on accounting, financial accounting unit;

b) governing accounting apparatus according to the provisions of this law;

c) financial reporting.

2. Chief accountant has the right to independence of expertise, the accounting profession.

3. Chief Accountant of State authorities, business units, organizations have used funding State budget, business units, organizations do not use funds the State budget and State enterprises, in addition to the rights specified in paragraph 2 of this Article also has the right to: a) the opinion in writing to the legal representative of the accounting unit on the team use, transfer, salary, reward, or discipline who do accounting, store keeper, Treasurer;

b) requires that the relevant parts of the accounting unit provides full, timely documents related to the work of accounting and financial supervision of the Chief Accountant;

c) retain expertise in writing when there are other opinions with opinions of decision makers;

d) report in writing to the legal representative of the accounting unit when the violation of the law on financial accounting in the unit; the case still must accept the decision, the report of the supervisor who has the decision or competent State agencies and is not responsible for the consequences of the implementation of that decision.

Chapter 4: activity ACCOUNTING PROFESSION Article 55. Accounting practice 1. The Organization, the individual is eligible under the provisions of the law have the right accounting practice.

2. Organization of accounting service business to establish business-accounting services under the provisions of the law. Business Manager accounting services must have the certificate of accounting practice by competent State agencies granted according to the provisions of article 57 of this law.

3. Individuals must have accounting practice accounting practice certificates by the competent State agencies granted according to the provisions of article 57 of this law and must have registered the accounting services business.

Article 56. Hiring accountants, hired as Chief Accountant 1. The accounting unit signed a contract with accounting services businesses or individuals with business registration service to hire accountants or hired as chief accountant under the provisions of the law.

2. The hiring of accountants, hired as Chief Accountant must be established by a written contract in accordance with the law.

3. the accounting unit to hire accountants, hired as chief accountant has the responsibility to provide complete, timely, honest information, documents related to the hiring of accountants, hired as Chief Accountant and full, timely payment of service charge accounting under the agreement in the contract.

4. Who was hired as Chief Accountant must have sufficient standards and conditions stipulated in article 53 of this law.

5. Business, offering personal service and who was hired as the Chief Accountant is responsible for the information, accounting data by agreement in the contract.

Article 57. Accounting practice certificate 1. The population of Vietnam is the accounting practice certificate must have the following conditions and criteria: a) business conduct quality, honest, incorruptible, consciously obey the law; not subject to the provisions in clause 1 and clause 2 Article 51 of this law;

b) have expertise, financial services, accounting from university level and actual work time on finance, accounting from five years or more;

c) examination by the competent State Agency Organization.

2. The alien is granted the certificate of practice must have accounting standards and the following conditions: a) are allowed to reside in Vietnam;

b) certificate of Accounting Professional or accounting certification by the foreign organization or international organization of accounting is Vietnam's Finance Ministry admitted;

c) completing examinations Reached on economic law, finance, accounting and Vietnam by the competent State Agency Organization.

3. The Ministry of finance program regulation fostering, the Council examination, procedures, authorities and certificate revocation accounting practice under the provisions of this law and the provisions of relevant laws.

Article 58. The right to join professional organizations accounting unit and the accountants have the right to participate in the Vietnam accountants or other professional organization aims to develop professional, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the members in accordance with the law.

Chapter 5: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Article 59. Content of State management of accounting in State management content of accounting include: 1. Construction, directed strategic planning, execution, accounting and development plans;

2. Enactment, popular, directing and organizing the implementation of laws on accounting documents;

3. Check the accounting; check the accounting service activities;

4. Manual operation accounting practice, organization of examination, granting and revoking the certificate accounting practice;

5. Instructions and training organizations, fostered the accounting profession;

6. Organization and management of scientific research of accounting and the application of information technology in the accounting operations;

7. International cooperation of accounting;

8. Complaints, accusations and handle the accounting law violations.

Article 60. State administration of accounting 1. The unified Government in State management of accounting.

2. The Ministry of finance is responsible to the Government implement state management functions of accounting.

3. The ministries, ministerial-level agencies in the scope of the task, their powers are responsible for the governance of accounting in the hospitality industry, the field was assigned charge.

4. the people's committees, the central cities in the scope of the task, their powers are responsible for the governance of local accounting.

Chapter 6: REWARDS and TREATS breach of article 61. Rewards organizations, individual achievement in accounting operations shall be rewarded according to the provisions of the law.

Article 62. Handle violation of organizations, individuals with violations of the law of accounting then according to the nature and extent of the violation that was disciplined, the administrative sanction or prejudice criminal liability; If the damage is compensated according to the provisions of the law.

Chapter 7: terms of the IMPLEMENTATION of Article 63. Effect 1. This Act has effect from January 1, 2004.

2. accounting and Statistics Ordinance on 10 May 1988 expired from the day this law is in effect.

Article 64. Detailing and guiding the implementation of government regulations and detailed guidelines for implementing this law.

This law was the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam lock POKER, session 3 through 17 June 2003.