Any State with nuclear weapons that is a Party to the Treaty undertakes not to transfer to anyone, directly or indirectly, nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, or the control of such weapons or devices Explosives; and not to assist, encourage or induce in any way a non-nuclear-weapon State to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, or the control of Such weapons or explosive devices.

Any non-nuclear-weapon State that is a Party to the Treaty undertakes not to accept, directly or indirectly, the transfer of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or the control of such weapons or such weapons Explosive devices; not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; nor to seek or receive any assistance in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other devices Nuclear explosive.

Any non-nuclear-weapon State which is a Party to the Treaty undertakes to accept the guarantees stipulated in an agreement to be negotiated and concluded with the International Atomic Energy Agency, in accordance with the Statute of the International Agency Of atomic energy ¹ And the system of guarantees of the said Agency, for the sole purpose of verifying the fulfilment of the obligations assumed by that State under this Treaty with a view to preventing nuclear energy from being diverted from its peaceful uses to the Nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. The terms and conditions for the application of warranties required by this section shall relate to raw materials and special fissile materials, whether such materials or products are produced, processed or used in a primary nuclear facility or Are outside such a facility. The guarantees required by this Article shall apply to all raw materials or special fissile materials in all peaceful nuclear activities carried on in the territory of such State, under its jurisdiction, or under its control Control in any place.

(2) Any State Party to the Treaty undertakes not to provide: (a) raw materials or special fissionable products, or (b) equipment or materials specially designed or prepared for the treatment, use or production of fissile material To a non-nuclear-weapon State for peaceful purposes, unless the said raw materials or special fissile materials are subject to the safeguards required by this Article.

3. The guarantees required by this Article shall be implemented in such a way as to comply with the provisions of Art. IV of this Treaty and to avoid impeding the economic or technological development of the Parties to the Treaty, or international cooperation in the field of peaceful nuclear activities, in particular international trade in materials and Of nuclear equipment for the treatment, use or production of nuclear material for peaceful purposes, in accordance with the provisions of this Article and the guarantee principle laid down in the Preamble to this Treaty.

4. Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty shall conclude agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency in order to comply with the requirements of this Article, either individually or jointly with others States, in accordance with the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The negotiation of such agreements shall commence no later than 180 days after the entry into force of this Treaty. For States which deposit their instruments of ratification or accession after the 180-day period, the negotiation of such agreements shall begin no later than the date of deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession. Such agreements shall enter into force no later than 18 months after the date of commencement of the negotiations.

Nothing in this Treaty shall be construed as impairing the inalienable right of all Parties to the Treaty to develop research, production and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, without In accordance with the provisions of Articles 1 and of this Treaty.

2. All Parties to the Treaty undertake to facilitate the widest possible exchange of scientific and technological equipment, materials and information for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and have the right to To participate. The Parties to the Treaty in a position to do so will also have to cooperate by contributing, individually or jointly with other States or international organizations, to the further development of nuclear energy applications to Peaceful purposes, particularly in the territories of non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty, with due regard to the needs of the developing regions of the world.

Each Party to the Treaty undertakes to take appropriate measures to ensure that, in accordance with this Treaty, under appropriate international supervision and through appropriate international procedures, the benefits that may arise therefrom Peaceful applications irrespective of nuclear explosions shall be accessible on a non-discriminatory basis to non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty, and the cost to such Parties of the devices Explosives used be as small as possible and does not include a fee for the Research and development. Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty will be able to obtain such benefits, in accordance with a special international agreement or special international agreements, through an organization Appropriate international representation of non-nuclear-weapon States. Negotiations on this subject will begin as soon as possible after the entry into force of the Treaty. Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty may also, if they so wish, obtain such benefits under bilateral agreements.

Each Party to the Treaty undertakes to pursue in good faith negotiations on effective measures relating to the cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a disarmament treaty General and complete under strict and effective international control.

Nothing in this Treaty shall affect the right of any group of States to conclude regional treaties in such a way as to ensure the total absence of nuclear weapons in their respective territories.

Any Party to the Treaty may propose amendments to this Treaty. The text of any proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Depositary Governments which shall communicate it to all Parties to the Treaty. If one-third of the Parties to the Treaty or more so request it, the Depositary Governments will convene a conference to which they will invite all Parties to the Treaty to consider this amendment.

2. Any amendment to this Treaty shall be approved by a majority of the votes of all Parties to the Treaty, including the votes of all nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty and all other Parties that, on the date of the Of the amendment, are members of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The amendment shall enter into force in respect of any Party which shall deposit its instrument of ratification of that amendment, upon the deposit of such instruments of ratification by the majority of the Parties, including the instruments of ratification of all Parties States with nuclear weapons that are Parties to the Treaty and of all other Parties which, on the date of the communication of the amendment, are members of the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Thereafter, the amendment shall enter into force in respect of any other Party upon the deposit of its instrument of ratification of the amendment.

3. Five years after the entry into force of this Treaty, a Conference of the Parties to the Treaty will take place in Geneva, Switzerland, to examine the functioning of this Treaty with a view to ensuring that the objectives of the Preamble and the provisions of the Treaty Are in progress. Thereafter, at five-year intervals, a majority of the Parties to the Treaty may obtain, by submitting a proposal to the depositary Governments for that purpose, the convening of other conferences with the same subject-matter, namely Operation of the Treaty.

This Treaty shall be open for signature by all States. Any State which has not signed this Treaty before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article may accede to it at any time.

2. This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by the signatory States. Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which are Hereby designated as depositary governments.

This Treaty shall enter into force after it has been ratified by States whose governments are designated as depositary of the Treaty, and by forty other signatories to this Treaty, and after the deposit of their instruments of Ratification. For the purposes of this Treaty, a State with nuclear weapons is a State which has manufactured and detonated a nuclear weapon or other explosive nuclear device before 1 ^Er January 1967.

(4) For States whose instruments of ratification or accession shall be deposited after the entry into force of this Treaty, the latter shall enter into force on the date of deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession.

(5) Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all States which have signed or acceded to this Treaty of the date of each signature, of the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or accession, of the date of entry into Of this Treaty and the date of receipt of any request for the convening of a conference, as well as any other communication.

This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary Governments in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

1. Each Party, in the exercise of its national sovereignty, shall have the right to withdraw from the Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events, in relation to the subject matter of this Treaty, have compromised the supreme interests of its country. It shall notify that withdrawal to all other Parties to the Treaty and to the Security Council of the United Nations, with three months' notice. Such notification shall contain a statement of extraordinary events which the State concerned considers to have compromised its supreme interests.

(2) Twenty-five years after the entry into force of the Treaty, a conference will be convened to decide whether the Treaty will remain in force for an indefinite period, or will be extended for one or more additional periods of fixed duration. This decision will be taken by a majority of the Parties to the Treaty.

This Treaty, of which the English, Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments. Certified true copies of this Treaty shall be sent by the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the States which have signed or acceded to the Treaty.

In witness whereof, The undersigned, duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Treaty.

Done in three copies, in Washington, London and Moscow, this first of July, nine hundred and sixty-eight.

(Suivent signatures)