Advanced Search

RS 0.814.02 Vienna Convention of 22 March 1985 for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (with annexes)

Original Language Title: RS 0.814.02 Convention de Vienne du 22 mars 1985 pour la protection de la couche d’ozone (avec annexes)

Subscribe to a Global-Regulation Premium Membership Today!

Key Benefits:

Subscribe Now for only USD$40 per month.

0.814.02

Original text

Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer

Concluded at Vienna on 22 March 1985

Approved by the Federal Assembly on September 30, 1987 1

Instrument of ratification deposited by Switzerland on 17 December 1987

Entry into force for Switzerland on 22 September 1988

(State on 29 February 2012)

Preamble

The Parties to this Convention,

Aware of the potential adverse impact on human health and the environment of any changes in the ozone layer,

Recalling the relevant provisions of the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Environment, and in particular Principle 21, where it is stipulated that, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations 2 And the principles of international law, " States have the sovereign right to exploit their own resources according to their environment policy and have a duty to ensure that activities carried out within the limits of their jurisdiction Or under their control do not cause damage to the environment in other States or in regions of no national jurisdiction, "

Taking into account the special situation and needs of developing countries,

Bearing in mind the work and ongoing studies in both international and national organizations and, in particular, the Global Plan of Action for the Ozone Layer of the United Nations Environment Programme,

Bearing in mind also the precautionary measures already taken at the national and international levels for the protection of the ozone layer,

Recognizing that the adoption of measures to protect the ozone layer from changes attributable to human activities can only take place in the context of international cooperation and action, and should be based on data Relevant scientists and techniques,

Conscious also of the need for further research and systematic observations in order to develop scientific knowledge of the ozone layer and the possible adverse effects of its disturbance,

Determinated to protect human health and the environment from adverse effects resulting from changes in the ozone layer,

Have agreed as follows:

Art. 1 Definitions

For the purposes of this Convention:

1.
"Ozone layer" refers to the atmospheric ozone layer above the boundary layer of the planet.
2.
"Adverse effects" means changes in the physical environment or biota, including climate change, that have significant adverse effects on human health or on composition, resistance and Productivity of natural or managed ecosystems, or materials useful to humanity.
3.
"Alternative technology or equipment" means a technology or equipment that is used to reduce or exclude virtually the emissions of substances that have or are likely to have adverse effects on the ozone layer.
4.
"Alternative substances" means substances that reduce, eliminate or avoid adverse effects on the ozone layer.
5.
"Parties" means the Parties to this Convention, unless the text imposes another interpretation.
6.
"Regional economic integration organization" means an organization constituted by sovereign States of a given region which has competence in areas governed by the Convention or its protocols and has been duly authorized, according to its Internal procedures, to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Convention or its protocols.
7.
"Protocols" means protocols to this Convention.
Art. 2 General obligations

1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures in accordance with the provisions of this Convention and the Protocols in force to which they are party to protect human health and the environment from adverse effects resulting from or Likely to result from human activities that modify or are likely to alter the ozone layer.

2. To this end, the Parties shall, in accordance with the means at their disposal and according to their possibilities:

(a)
Cooperate, through systematic observation, research and exchange of information to better understand and assess the effects of human activities on the ozone layer and the effects on human health and the environment by Modification of the ozone layer;
(b)
Adopt appropriate legislative or administrative measures and cooperate to harmonize appropriate policies to regulate, limit, reduce or prevent human activities within their jurisdiction or control Is that these activities have or are likely to have adverse effects as a result of the change, or the change likely to occur, of the ozone layer;
(c)
Cooperate to formulate agreed measures, procedures and standards for the implementation of this Convention with a view to the adoption of protocols and annexes;
(d)
Cooperate with the relevant international bodies to effectively implement this Convention and the protocols to which they are parties.

3. The provisions of this Convention shall have no effect on the right of the Parties to adopt, in accordance with international law, more stringent internal measures than those referred to in s. 1 and 2 above and shall also have no effect on additional internal measures already taken by a Party, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with the obligations of those Parties under this Convention.

4. The application of this Article shall be based on relevant scientific and technical considerations.

Art. 3 Systematic research and observations

1. The Parties undertake, as appropriate, to undertake scientific research and evaluation or to cooperate in the conduct of scientific research and evaluation, either directly or through international bodies Skilled at:

(a)
The physical and chemical processes that can affect the ozone layer;
(b)
Effects on human health and other biological effects of any changes in the ozone layer, in particular those resulting from changes in solar ultraviolet radiation with biological action (UV-B);
(c)
The climate impacts of any changes to the ozone layer;
(d)
The effects of any changes in the ozone layer and the resulting changes in UV-B radiation on natural and synthetic materials useful to humanity;
(e)
Substances, practices, processes and activities that may affect the ozone layer, and their cumulative effects;
(f)
Alternative substances and technologies;
(g)
Related socio-economic problems;

And as specified in Annexes I and II.

2. The Parties undertake to promote or set up, as appropriate, directly or through competent international bodies and taking fully into account their national legislation and relevant activities at the same time At the national and international levels, joint or complementary programmes for the systematic observation of the state of the ozone layer and other relevant parameters, in accordance with the provisions of Annex I.

3. The Parties undertake to cooperate, directly or through competent international bodies, to ensure the collection, validation and transmission of data obtained through research and observed data, through Appropriate global data centres and on a regular basis without undue delay.

Art. 4 Cooperation in the legal, scientific and technical fields

The Parties shall facilitate and encourage the exchange of appropriate scientific, technical, socio-economic, commercial and legal information for the purposes of this Convention and as set out in Annex II. This information shall be provided to the bodies approved by the Parties. Any body which receives information which is considered confidential by the Party providing it shall ensure that it is not disclosed and the information is protected in a confidential manner before making it available to all The Parties.

2. The Parties shall cooperate, in accordance with their national laws, regulations and practices, and taking into account, in particular, the needs of developing countries, to promote, directly or through international bodies Expertise, development and transfer of technology and knowledge. Cooperation shall be carried out in particular by:

(a)
Facilitate the acquisition of alternative technologies by other Parties;
(b)
Provide information on alternative technologies and equipment and manuals or special guides for them;
(c)
Provide the necessary research equipment and facilities and systematic observations;
(d)
Ensure appropriate training of scientific and technical staff.
Art. 5 Disclosure of information

The Parties shall transmit to the Conference of the Parties established by Art. 6, through the secretariat, information on the measures they have adopted pursuant to this Convention and the protocols to which they are parties, the form and frequency of such reports determined by the Meetings of the Parties to the instruments considered.

Art. 6 Conference of the Parties

This article establishes a Conference of the Parties. The first meeting of the Conference of the Parties will be convened by the provisional secretariat, in accordance with art. 7, no later than one year after the entry into force of this Convention. Thereafter, regular meetings of the Conference of the Parties will be held on a regular basis, depending on the frequency determined by the Conference at its first meeting.

2. Extraordinary meetings of the Conference of the Parties may take place at any other time if the Conference deems it necessary, or at the written request of a Party, provided that this request is supported by at least one third of the Parties Within six months of its communication to the said Parties by the secretariat.

The Conference of the Parties shall adopt and adopt by consensus its own rules of procedure and its own financial regulations, the rules of procedure and the financial regulations of any subsidiary body that it may create and the provisions thereof Financial rules governing the operation of the secretariat.

4. The Conference of the Parties shall continuously review the application of this Convention and, in addition:

(a)
Establishes the form and frequency of the disclosure of the information to be presented in accordance with s. 5 and considers such information and the reports submitted by any subsidiary body;
(b)
To review the scientific information on the state of the ozone layer, its possible modification, and the possible effects of this modification;
(c)
Favorites, in accordance with Art. 2, the harmonization of appropriate policies, strategies and measures to minimize releases of substances that modify or are likely to alter the ozone layer, and make recommendations on any other measures in relation to This Convention;
(d)
Adopts, in accordance with art. 3 and 4, research programmes, systematic observations, scientific and technical cooperation, exchange of information and transfer of technology and knowledge;
(e)
Reviews and adopts, as appropriate, amendments to this Convention and its annexes, in accordance with Art. 9 and 10;
(f)
Reviews the amendments to any protocol and annexes to any protocol and, if so decided, recommends their adoption to the parties to the relevant protocol;
(g)
Examines and adopts, as appropriate, the additional annexes to this Convention in accordance with Art. 10;
(h)
Examines and adopts, as appropriate, protocols in accordance with s. 8;
(i)
Establishes the subsidiary bodies deemed necessary for the implementation of this Convention;
(j)
Ensure, as appropriate, the services of relevant international bodies and scientific committees and, in particular, those of the World Meteorological Organization, the World Health Organization, and the Coordination Committee For the ozone layer, for scientific research, systematic observations and other activities in accordance with the objectives of this Convention; it shall also use, as appropriate, information from such bodies and Committees;
(k)
Examines and takes any further action necessary for the pursuit of the objectives of this Convention.

5. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as well as any State which is not a party to this Convention, may be represented at the meetings of the Conference of Parties by observers. Any national or international, governmental or non-governmental body or body in the areas related to the protection of the ozone layer who has informed the secretariat of its desire to be represented at a meeting of the Conference Parties as observers may be admitted to take part in them unless at least one third of the Parties present object to it. The admission and participation of observers shall be subject to compliance with the rules of procedure adopted by the Conference of the Parties.

Art. 7 The secretariat

The functions of the secretariat are as follows:

(a)
Organize meetings of the Parties in accordance with Art. 6, 8, 9 and 10, and provide service;
(b)
Establish and transmit a report based on the information received pursuant to s. 4 and 5, as well as information obtained at meetings of subsidiary bodies established pursuant to Art. 6;
(c)
Perform the duties assigned to it under any protocol to this Agreement;
(d)
To prepare reports on the activities carried out in the performance of the functions assigned to it under this Convention and to submit them to the Conference of the Parties;
(e)
To ensure the necessary coordination with other relevant international bodies, and in particular to conclude administrative and contractual arrangements that may be necessary for the effective performance of its functions;
(f)
To perform any other functions that the Conference of the Parties may decide to assign to it.

2. The functions of the secretariat shall be carried out provisionally by the United Nations Environment Programme until the end of the first ordinary meeting of the Conference of the Parties in accordance with Art. 6. At its first regular meeting, the Conference of the Parties shall appoint the secretariat from among the relevant international organizations that would have proposed to provide the secretariat functions under this Convention.

Art. 8 Adoption of protocols

(1) The Conference of the Parties may, at a meeting, adopt protocols to this Convention in accordance with art. 2.

2. The text of any proposed protocol shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Parties at least six months before the said meeting.

Art. Amendments to the Convention or the Protocols

1. Any Party may propose amendments to this Convention or any of the Protocols. These amendments shall take due account, inter alia, of relevant scientific and technical considerations.

2. The amendments to this Convention shall be adopted at a meeting of the Conference of the Parties. Amendments to a Protocol shall be adopted at a meeting of the Parties to the Protocol. The text of any amendment proposed to this Convention or any of the protocols, except as otherwise provided by the Protocol, shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Parties at least six months before the meeting at which it is Proposed for adoption. The secretariat shall also communicate the proposed amendments to the signatories of this Convention for information.

3. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement by consensus in respect of any amendment proposed to this Convention. If all efforts towards a consensus have been exhausted and an agreement has not been reached, the amendment shall be adopted as a last resort by a majority vote of three-fourths of the Parties present at the meeting and have expressed their vote, and submitted By the Depositary to all Parties for ratification, approval or acceptance.

4. The procedure set out in par. 3 above shall apply to amendments to any protocol to the Convention, except that the majority of two-thirds of the parties to the protocol considered present at the meeting and having expressed their vote shall be sufficient for their adoption.

5. The ratification, approval or acceptance of the amendments shall be notified in writing to the depositary. The amendments adopted in accordance with paras. 3 or 4 above shall enter into force between the parties having accepted eighty-tenth day after the depositary has received notification of their ratification, approval or acceptance by at least three-fourths of the parties to the Convention or at least two-thirds of the Parties to the Protocol, except as otherwise provided in the Protocol in question. Thereafter, the amendments shall enter into force in respect of any other Party on the ninetieth day after the deposit by that Party of its instrument of ratification, approval or acceptance of the amendments.

6. For the purposes of this Article, the expression "Parties present at the meeting and having expressed their vote" means the Parties present at the meeting that issued an affirmative or negative vote.

Art. 10 Adoption of annexes and amendments to annexes

1. The annexes to this Convention or any of the Protocols shall form an integral part of the Convention or the said Protocol, as the case may be, and, unless expressly provided otherwise, any reference to this Convention or to the Protocols shall be Also a reference to the annexes to these instruments. The said annexes are limited to scientific, technical and administrative matters.

2. Except as otherwise provided in any protocol concerning its own annexes, the proposal, adoption and entry into force of additional annexes to this Convention or of annexes to a protocol shall be governed by the following procedure:

(a)
Annexes to this Convention shall be proposed and adopted in accordance with the procedure described in subs. 2 and 3 of Art. 9; the annexes to any protocol are proposed and adopted in accordance with the procedure described in subs. 2 and 4 of Art. 9;
(b)
Any party who is unable to approve an additional annex to this Convention or an annex to any of the protocols to which it is a party shall give notice in writing to the depositary within six months after the date Communication of the adoption by the depositary. The latter shall promptly inform all parties of any notification received. A party may at any time accept an annex to which it had previously stated objection, and that annex shall then enter into force in respect of that party;
(c)
At the expiration of a period of six months from the date of dispatch of the communication by the depositary, the annex shall take effect in respect of all the parties to this Convention or the protocol under consideration that have not submitted a notification In accordance with para. (b) above.

3. The proposal, adoption and entry into force of amendments to the annexes to this Convention or any of the protocols shall be subject to the same procedure as the proposal, the adoption and entry into force of the annexes to the Convention Or any of the protocols. The annexes and the amendments thereto shall take due account, inter alia, of the relevant scientific and technical considerations.

4. If an additional Annex or an amendment to an Annex implies an amendment to the Convention or a Protocol, the supplementary Annex or the amended annex shall enter into force only when that amendment to the Convention or the Protocol concerned Between itself.

Art. 11 Dispute Settlement

In the event of a dispute between Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention, the parties concerned shall seek a solution by negotiation.

2. If the parties concerned cannot reach agreement through negotiation, they may jointly appeal to the good offices of a third party or request mediation.

3. When ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention, any State or regional economic integration organization may declare in writing to the Depositary that, in the case of disputes that have not been resolved in accordance with the By. 1 or 2 above, it agrees to consider either or both of the following methods of regulation as binding:

(a)
Arbitration, in accordance with the procedure to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its first regular session;
(b)
Submission of the dispute to the International Court of Justice.

4. If the Parties do not have, in accordance with par. 3 above, accepted the same procedure or procedure, the dispute shall be submitted to conciliation in accordance with subs. 5 below, unless the Parties otherwise agree.

5. A conciliation commission shall be established at the request of one of the parties to the dispute. The Commission shall consist of a number of members appointed on equal terms by each of the parties concerned, the President shall be chosen by common accord of the members so appointed. The commission makes an award without appeal, has a recommendation and the Parties examine it in good faith.

6. The provisions of this Article shall apply to any Protocol, except as otherwise provided for in the Protocol in question.

Art. 12 Signature

This Convention shall be open for signature by States and regional economic integration organizations in the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Austria, Vienna, from 22 March 1985 to 21 September 1985 and at Headquarters United Nations, New York, from 22 September 1985 to 21 March 1986.

Art. 13 Ratification, acceptance or approval

1. This Convention and any protocol shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and regional economic integration organizations. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the depositary.

2. Any organization referred to in s. 1 above which becomes a Party to this Convention or to any protocol and of which no Member State is itself a Party shall be bound by all the obligations set out in the Convention or in the Protocol, as the case may be. Where one or more member States of one of these organizations are Parties to the Convention or the relevant Protocol, the Organization and its Member States shall agree on their respective responsibilities with regard to the implementation of their Obligations under the Convention or Protocol, as the case may be. In such cases, the organisation and the Member States are not entitled to exercise their rights simultaneously under the Convention or the relevant protocol.

3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval, the organisations referred to in par. 1 above indicate the extent of their competence in the areas covered by the Convention or the relevant protocol. These organisations shall also notify the depositary of any significant change in the scope of their competences.

Art. 14 Accession

1. This Convention and any protocol shall be open to the accession of States and regional economic integration organizations from the date on which the Convention or the protocol under consideration will no longer be open for signature. Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the depositary.

2. In their instruments of accession, the organisations referred to in par. 1 above indicate the extent of their competence in the areas covered by the Convention or the protocol concerned. They shall also notify the depositary of any significant change in the scope of their competences.

3. The provisions of s. 2 of the art. 13 shall apply to regional economic integration organisations which accede to this Convention or to any protocol.

Art. 15 Right to vote

Each Party to the Convention or to any protocol shall have one vote.

2. Subject to the provisions of subs. 1 above, regional economic integration organisations shall have, in order to exercise their right to vote in matters falling within their competence, a number of votes equal to the number of their Member States which are Parties to the Convention or To the relevant protocol. Such organisations shall not exercise their right to vote if their member states exercise theirs, and vice versa.

Art. 16 Relationship between the Convention and its Protocols

1. No State or regional economic integration organization may become party to a Protocol without being or simultaneously becoming a Party to the Convention.

2. Decisions concerning any protocol shall be taken by the only parties to the protocol concerned.

Art. 17 Entry into force

(1) This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.

2. Unless otherwise provided in the text of the Protocol, any Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit of the eleventh instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of the said Protocol or Accession Protocol.

3. In respect of each Party that ratifies, accepts or approves this Convention, or accedes thereto, after the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on 90 days after the date of the deposit, by that Party, of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.

(4) Any Protocol, unless otherwise provided for in that Protocol, shall enter into force for a Party which ratifies, accepts or approves the said Protocol, or accedes thereto after its entry into force in accordance with par. 2 above the eighty-tenth day after the date of the deposit by that Party of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, or on the date on which the Convention enters into force for that Party, These dates will be the last.

5. For the purposes of paras. 1 and 2 above, none of the instruments deposited by a regional economic integration organization referred to in Art. 12 shall not be considered as an instrument in addition to the instruments already deposited by the Member States of that organisation.

Art. 18 Reservations

No reservation may be made to this Convention.

Art. 19 Denunciation

(1) After the expiration of four years from the date of entry into force of this Convention in respect of a Party, the said Party may at any time denounce the Convention by written notification to the depositary.

(2) Except as otherwise provided for in any of the Protocols, any party may, at any time after the expiration of four years from the date of entry into force of that Protocol, denounce the Protocol by giving in writing A notification to that effect to the depositary.

(3) Any denunciation shall take effect after the expiration of one year from the date of its receipt by the depositary or at any later date which may be specified in the notification of denunciation.

4. Any Party which has denounced this Convention shall be deemed to have also denounced the protocols to which it is a party.

Art. Depositary

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall act as depositary of this Convention and the protocols.

The depositary shall inform the Parties in particular:

(a)
The signature of this Convention and any protocol, as well as the deposit of instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession in accordance with Art. 13 and 14;
(b)
From the date of entry into force of the Convention and any protocol in accordance with Art. 17;
(c)
Notifications of denunciation made in accordance with Art. 19;
(d)
Amendments adopted with regard to the Convention and any protocol, the acceptance of such amendments by the Parties and their date of entry into force in accordance with Art. 9;
(e)
Any communications relating to the adoption or approval of annexes and their amendments in accordance with Art. 10;
(f)
The notification by regional economic integration organizations of the extent of their competence in the fields governed by this Convention and by any Protocol, and any amendments thereto;
(g)
Declarations provided for in Art. 11.
Art. Authentic texts

The original of this Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

In witness whereof, The undersigned, duly authorized, have signed this Convention.

Done at Vienna on 22 March, nine hundred and eighty five.

(Suivent signatures)

Annex I

Systematic research and observations

Parties to the Convention recognize that the main scientific problems are:

(a)
Changes in the ozone layer that would result in a change in the intensity of solar ultraviolet radiation with biological action (UV-B) reaching the Earth's surface and its potential health effects Populations, organisms, ecosystems, and materials useful to humanity;
(b)
Changes in the vertical distribution of ozone that would change the thermal structure of the atmosphere and the weather and climate consequences that they may have.

2. The Parties to the Convention, in accordance with Art. 3, cooperate by conducting research, making systematic observations, and making recommendations for future research and observations in areas such as:

(a)
Research in atmospheric physics and chemistry
(i)
Establishment of global theoretical models: further development of interactive models of radioactive, chemical and dynamic processes; studies of the simultaneous effects of various man-made or natural chemicals on ozone The atmosphere, the interpretation of the series of measurements collected by satellite or otherwise; assessment of trends in atmospheric and geophysical parameters and the development of methods for attributing to specific causes the Variations in these parameters;
(ii)
Laboratory studies on kinetic coefficients, absorption cross sections, and chemical and photochemical processes in the troposphere and stratosphere; the spectroscopic data necessary for measurements taken for all Useful spectrum regions;
(iii)
Measurements on the ground: concentrations and fluxes of essential sources of origin, both natural and anthropogenic; study of atmospheric dynamics; simultaneous measurements of photochemically related substances, down to Planetary boundary layer, using instruments In situ And telemetry; comparison of various detectors; coordinated measurements of correlation for instruments placed on board satellites; three-dimensional fields of essential trace components, spectral solar flux and parameters Weather;
(iv)
Delivery of instruments, including satellite and other sensors for measuring trace components of the atmosphere, solar flux and meteorological parameters.
(b)
Research relevant to health effects, biological effects, and e F Photodegradation fets
(i)
Relationship between human exposure to solar radiation, visible or ultraviolet, and (a) the appearance of skin cancers other than melanoma or malignant melanoma, and (b) effects on the immune system;
(ii)
Effects of UV-B radiation, including relation to wavelength, on (a) crops, forests and other terrestrial ecosystems, and (b) aquatic food and fishing system, including inhibition Potential oxygen production capacity of marine phytoplankton;
(iii)
Mechanisms by which UV-B radiation acts on biological materials, species and ecosystems, including: dose, dose rate and response relationship; photorepair, adaptation and protection;
(iv)
Studies of biological action spectra and spectral response with polychromatic radiation to determine the possible interactions of the different length-of-length zones;
(v)
Influence of UV-B radiation on: the sensitivity and activity of biological species important to the equilibrium of the biosphere; primary processes such as photosynthesis and biosynthesis;
(vi)
Influence of UV-B radiation on the photodegradation of pollutants, agricultural chemicals and other materials.
(c)
Research relevant to climate effects
Theoretical studies and observational studies (a) the radiative effects of ozone and other trace bodies and the effects on climate parameters, such as surface and ocean surface temperatures, Precipitation and trade between the troposphere and the stratosphere; and b) the effects of these climatic impacts on various aspects of human activities.
(d)
Systematic Observations
(i)
From the state of the ozone layer (i.e. spatial and temporal variability of the total contents of the column and vertical distribution), by making fully operational the Global Ozone Observing System based on the integration of the Satellite systems and ground systems;
(ii)
Concentrations in the troposphere and stratosphere of gases giving rise to HO radicals X , NO X , and CIO X , including carbon derivatives;
(iii)
From the temperature from the ground to the mesosphere, using both ground and satellite systems;
(iv)
From solar flux-wavelengths-entering the Earth's atmosphere and the thermal radiation coming out of the Earth's atmosphere, using measurements made by satellite;
(v)
Solar flux-wavelengths-reaching the Earth's surface in the field of UV-B;
(vi)
Aerosol properties and distribution from the ground to the mesosphere using both ground and satellite systems;
(vii)
Continuation of high quality weather measurement programs on the face of important climate variables;
(viii)
Improved methods of analysis of data provided by systematic observations at the global level on trace-state bodies, temperatures, solar flux and aerosols.

Parties to the Convention shall cooperate, taking into account the special needs of developing countries, to promote the appropriate scientific and technical training necessary to participate in systematic research and observations Described in this Annex. Particular importance should be given to the comparative calibration of observation devices and methods in order to obtain comparable or standardized sets of scientific data.

4. The following natural or anthropogenic chemicals, the list of which does not imply a particular ranking, appear to have the power to modify the chemical and physical properties of the ozone layer.

(a)
Carbon Derivatives
(i)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Carbon monoxide is produced in large quantities by natural and artificial sources and appears to play an important role directly in the photochemistry of the troposphere, indirectly, in the photochemistry of the stratosphere;
(ii)
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 )
Carbon dioxide is produced in large quantities by natural and artificial sources and acts on ozone in the stratosphere by modifying the thermal structure of the atmosphere;
(iii)
Methane (CH 4 )
Methane is of both natural and anthropogenic origin and influences ozone in both the troposphere and stratosphere.
(iv)
Hydrocarbons other than methane
These hydrocarbons, which include a large number of chemicals, have both natural and anthropogenic origins and play a direct role in the photochemistry of the troposphere, indirectly in the photochemistry of the stratosphere.
(b)
Nitrogen derivatives
(i)
Nitrogen oxide (N 2 O)
The primary source of N 2 O is natural, but artificial emissions are becoming more and more important. This protoxide is the primary source of NO X Stratospheric, which plays a key role in limiting the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere;
(ii)
Nitrogen oxides (NO X )
Sources on the ground of NO X Play a primary role, directly, only in the photochemical processes within the troposphere, and, indirectly, in the stratospheric photochemical processes, while NO injections X Near the tropopause can directly alter the amount of ozone in the troposphere and stratosphere.
(c)
Chlorine derivatives
(i)
Alcanes entirely halogenated, for example CCl 4 , CFCl 3 (CFC-11), CF. 2 Cl 2 (CFC-12), C 2 F 3 Cl 3 (CFC-113), C 2 F 4 Cl 2 (CFC-114)
Fully halogenated alkanes are of anthropogenic origin and are a source of ClO X Which play a crucial role in the photochemistry of ozone, particularly between 30 and 50 km of altitude;
(ii)
Partially halogenated alkanes
For example CH 3 Cl, CHF 2 Cl (CFC-22) CH 3 CCL 3 , CHFCl 2 (CFC-21)
The source of CH 3 Cl is natural, while the other partially halogenated alkanes mentioned above are of anthropogenic origin. These gases are also a source of ClO X Stratospheric.
(d)
Brome Derivatives
Alcanes entirely halogenated, for example CF 3 Br
These gases are of anthropogenic origin and constitute a source of BrO X , which behavs in the same way as the ClO X .
(e)
Hydrogenated substances
(i)
Hydrogen (H 2 )
Hydrogen is of natural and anthropogenic origin; it plays a secondary role in the photochemistry of the stratosphere;
(ii)
Water (H 2 O)
The water, which is naturally occurring, plays an essential role in the photochemistry of the troposphere and stratosphere. Local causes of water vapour in the stratosphere include the oxidation of methane and, to a lesser extent, hydrogen oxidation.

Status on 29 February 2012

Annex II

Exchange of information

The Parties to the Convention recognize that the collection and sharing of information is an important means of achieving the objectives of this Convention and ensuring that the measures that could be taken are appropriate and Equitable. As a result, the Parties will exchange scientific, technical, socio-economic, commercial and legal information.

2. In deciding what information should be collected and exchanged, the Parties to the Convention should consider the usefulness of this information and the expenditures to be made to obtain it. The Parties further recognize that cooperation under this Annex shall be consistent with national laws, practices and regulations concerning patents, trade secrets and the protection of confidential information, and Relating to exclusive rights.

3. Scientific Information

This information includes:

(a)
Public and private research, planned and ongoing, to facilitate the coordination of research programmes so as to make the best possible use of available national and international resources;
(b)
The emissions data required for the research;
(c)
Scientific results published in specialized journals on the physics and chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and its sensitivity to the changes, and in particular the state of the ozone layer and the effects The modification of both the total ozone column and the vertical distribution of ozone, regardless of the time scale, on the health of human populations, the environment and climate;
(d)
Evaluation of research findings and recommendations for future research.

4. Technical Information

This information includes:

(a)
The existence and cost of chemical substitution products and alternative technologies that can be used to reduce emissions of substances that result in changes to the ozone layer and related research undertaken or Contemplated;
(b)
Limitations and potentially the risks associated with the use of chemical or other alternatives and alternative technologies.

5. Socio-economic and commercial information on Schedule I substances

This information includes:

(a)
Production and production capacity;
(b)
Use and methods of use;
(c)
Imports and exports;
(d)
The costs, risks and benefits of human activities that may indirectly alter the ozone layer and the impact of the regulatory measures taken or contemplated to control these activities.

6. Legal Information

This information includes:

(a)
National legislation, administrative measures and legal research on the protection of the ozone layer;
(b)
International agreements, including bilateral agreements, relevant to the protection of the ozone layer;
(c)
Methods and conditions of existing licensing agreements and patents for the protection of the ozone layer.

Scope of application February 29, 2012 1

States Parties

Ratification Accession (A) Declaration of succession (S)

Entry into force

Afghanistan

17 June

2004 A

September 15

2004

South Africa

15 January

1990 A

15 April

1990

Albania

8 October

1999 A

6 January

2000

Algeria

20 October

1992 A

January 18

1993

Germany

September 30

1988

29 December

1988

Andorra *

26 January

2009 A

April 26

2009

Angola

17 May

2000 A

August 15

2000

Antigua and Barbuda

3 December

1992 A

3 March

1993

Saudi Arabia

1 Er March

1993 A

30 May

1993

Argentina

January 18

1990

18 April

1990

Armenia

1 Er October

1999 A

December 30

1999

Australia

16 September

1987 A

22 September

1988

Austria

19 August

1987

22 September

1988

Azerbaijan

12 June

1996 A

10 September

1996

Bahamas

1 Er April

1993 A

30 June

1993

Bahrain

April 27

1990 A

26 July

1990

Bangladesh

2 August

1990 A

October 31

1990

Barbados

October 16

1992 A

14 January

1993

Belarus

20 June

1986

22 September

1988

Belgium

17 October

1988

15 January

1989

Belize

6 June

1997 A

4 September

1997

Benin

1 Er July

1993 A

29 September

1993

Bhutan

August 23

2004 A

21 November

2004

Bolivia

3 October

1994 A

1 Er January

1995

Bosnia and Herzegovina

1 Er September

1993 S

6 March

1992

Botswana

4 December

1991 A

3 March

1992

Brazil

19 March

1990 A

17 June

1990

Brunei

26 July

1990 A

24 October

1990

Bulgaria

20 November

1990 A

18 February

1991

Burkina Faso

30 March

1989

28 June

1989

Burundi

6 January

1997 A

April 6

1997

Cambodia

27 June

2001 A

September 25

2001

Cameroon

August 30

1989 A

28 November

1989

Canada

4 June

1986

22 September

1988

Cape Verde

July 31

2001 A

29 October

2001

Chile

6 March

1990

4 June

1990

China

Hong Kong A

6 June

1997

1 Er July

1997

Macao B

19 October

1999

20 December

1999

Cyprus

28 May

1992 A

26 August

1992

Colombia

July 16

1990 A

14 October

1990

Comoros

October 31

1994 A

29 January

1995

Congo (Brazzaville)

16 November

1994 A

February 14

1995

Congo, Kinshasa

30 November

1994 A

28 February

1995

Korea (North)

24 January

1995 A

24 April

1995

Korea (South)

February 27

1992 A

27 May

1992

Costa Rica

July 30

1991 A

28 October

1991

Côte d' Ivoire

5 April

1993 A

4 July

1993

Croatia

21 September

1992 S

8 October

1991

Cuba

July 14

1992 A

12 October

1992

Denmark

29 September

1988

28 December

1988

Djibouti

July 30

1999 A

28 October

1999

Dominica

March 31

1993 A

29 June

1993

Egypt

9 May

1988

22 September

1988

El Salvador

2 October

1992 A

31 December

1992

United Arab Emirates

22 December

1989 A

22 March

1990

Ecuador

10 April

1990 A

July 9

1990

Eritrea

10 March

2005 A

8 June

2005

Spain

July 25

1988 A

23 October

1988

Estonia

17 October

1996 A

15 January

1997

United States

August 27

1986

22 September

1988

Ethiopia

11 October

1994 A

9 January

1995

Fiji

23 October

1989 A

21 January

1990

Finland *

26 September

1986

22 September

1988

France

4 December

1987

22 September

1988

Gabon

February 9

1994 A

10 May

1994

Gambia

July 25

1990 A

23 October

1990

Georgia

21 March

1996 A

19 June

1996

Ghana

24 July

1989 A

22 October

1989

Greece

29 December

1988

March 29

1989

Grenada

March 31

1993 A

29 June

1993

Guatemala

11 September

1987 A

22 September

1988

Guinea

25 June

1992 A

23 September

1992

Equatorial Guinea

August 17

1988 A

15 November

1988

Guinea-Bissau

12 November

2002 A

10 February

2003

Guyana

August 12

1993 A

10 November

1993

Haiti

March 29

2000 A

27 June

2000

Honduras

14 October

1993 A

12 January

1994

Hungary

4 May

1988 A

22 September

1988

Cook Islands

22 December

2003 A

21 March

2004

Marshall Islands

March 11

1993 A

9 June

1993

India

18 March

1991 A

June 16

1991

Indonesia

26 June

1992 A

24 September

1992

Iran

3 October

1990 A

1 Er January

1991

Iraq

25 June

2008 A

23 September

2008

Ireland

September 15

1988 A

14 December

1988

Iceland

29 August

1989 A

27 November

1989

Israel

30 June

1992 A

28 September

1992

Italy

19 September

1988

18 December

1988

Jamaica

March 31

1993 A

29 June

1993

Japan

September 30

1988 A

29 December

1988

Jordan

May 31

1989 A

29 August

1989

Kazakhstan

26 August

1998 A

24 November

1998

Kenya

9 November

1988 A

7 February

1989

Kyrgyzstan

May 31

2000 A

29 August

2000

Kiribati

7 January

1993 A

7 April

1993

Kuwait

23 November

1992 A

21 February

1993

Laos

August 21

1998 A

19 November

1998

Lesotho

25 March

1994 A

23 June

1994

Latvia

28 April

1995 A

27 July

1995

Lebanon

30 March

1993 A

28 June

1993

Liberia

15 January

1996 A

April 14

1996

Libya

July 11

1990 A

9 October

1990

Liechtenstein

February 8

1989 A

9 May

1989

Lithuania

January 18

1995 A

18 April

1995

Luxembourg

17 October

1988

15 January

1989

Macedonia

10 March

1994 S

September 17

1991

Madagascar

7 November

1996 A

5 February

1997

Malaysia

29 August

1989 A

27 November

1989

Malawi

9 January

1991 A

April 9

1991

Maldives

April 26

1988 A

22 September

1988

Mali

28 October

1994 A

26 January

1995

Malta

September 15

1988 A

14 December

1988

Morocco

28 December

1995

March 27

1996

Mauritius

August 18

1992 A

16 November

1992

Mauritania

26 May

1994 A

August 24

1994

Mexico

September 14

1987

22 September

1988

Micronesia

August 3

1994 A

1 Er November

1994

Moldova

24 October

1996 A

22 January

1997

Monaco

12 March

1993 A

10 June

1993

Mongolia

7 March

1996 A

5 June

1996

Montenegro

23 October

2006 S

3 June

2006

Mozambique

9 September

1994 A

8 December

1994

Myanmar

24 November

1993 A

22 February

1994

Namibia

September 20

1993 A

19 December

1993

Nauru

12 November

2001 A

10 February

2002

Nepal

July 6

1994 A

4 October

1994

Nicaragua

March 5

1993 A

3 June

1993

Niger

9 October

1992 A

7 January

1993

Nigeria

October 31

1988 A

29 January

1989

Niue

22 December

2003 A

21 March

2004

Norway *

23 September

1986

22 September

1988

New Zealand C

2 June

1987

22 September

1988

Oman

30 June

1999 A

28 September

1999

Uganda

24 June

1988 A

22 September

1988

Uzbekistan

18 May

1993 A

August 16

1993

Pakistan

18 December

1992 A

18 March

1993

Palau

29 May

2001 A

August 27

2001

Panama

13 February

1989 A

14 May

1989

Papua New Guinea

27 October

1992 A

25 January

1993

Paraguay

3 December

1992 A

3 March

1993

Netherlands * D

28 September

1988

27 December

1988

Aruba

28 September

1988

27 December

1988

Curaçao

28 September

1988

27 December

1988

Caribbean (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba)

28 September

1988

27 December

1988

Sint Maarten

28 September

1988

27 December

1988

Peru

7 April

1989

July 6

1989

Philippines

17 July

1991 A

15 October

1991

Poland

July 13

1990 A

11 October

1990

Portugal

17 October

1988 A

15 January

1989

Qatar

22 January

1996 A

April 21

1996

Central African Republic

March 29

1993 A

27 June

1993

Dominican Republic

18 May

1993 A

August 16

1993

Czech Republic

September 30

1993 S

1 Er January

1993

Romania

27 January

1993 A

April 27

1993

United Kingdom

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Akrotiri and Dhekelia

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Anguilla

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Bermuda

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Gibraltar

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Guernsey

August 30

1990

August 30

1990

Isle of Man

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Cayman Islands

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Falkland Islands and Dependencies (South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands)

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Pitcairn Islands (Ducie, Oeno, Henderson and Pitcairn)

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Turks and Caicos Islands

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

British Virgin Islands

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Jersey

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Montserrat

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

St. Helena and Dependencies (Ascension and Tristan da Cunha)

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

British Antarctic Territory

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

British Indian Ocean Territory

15 May

1987

22 September

1988

Russia

18 June

1986

22 September

1988

Rwanda

11 October

2001 A

9 January

2002

Saint Lucia

28 July

1993 A

26 October

1993

Saint Kitts and Nevis

10 August

1992 A

8 November

1992

San Marino

April 23

2009 A

July 22

2009

Holy See *

5 May

2008 A

August 3

2008

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

2 December

1996 A

2 March

1997

Solomon Islands

17 June

1993 A

September 15

1993

Samoa

21 December

1992 A

21 March

1993

Sao Tome and Principe

19 November

2001 A

17 February

2002

Senegal

19 March

1993 A

17 June

1993

Serbia

12 March

2001 S

April 27

1992

Seychelles

6 January

1993 A

April 6

1993

Sierra Leone

29 August

2001 A

27 November

2001

Singapore

5 January

1989 A

5 April

1989

Slovakia

28 May

1993 S

1 Er January

1993

Slovenia

July 6

1992 S

25 June

1991

Somalia

1 Er August

2001 A

30 October

2001

Sudan

29 January

1993 A

29 April

1993

South Sudan

12 January

2012 A

April 11

2012

Sri Lanka

15 December

1989 A

15 March

1990

Sweden *

26 November

1986

22 September

1988

Switzerland

17 December

1987

22 September

1988

Suriname

14 October

1997 A

12 January

1998

Swaziland

10 November

1992 A

February 8

1993

Syria

12 December

1989 A

12 March

1990

Tajikistan

6 May

1996 A

August 4

1996

Tanzania

7 April

1993 A

July 6

1993

Chad

18 May

1989 A

August 16

1989

Thailand

7 July

1989 A

5 October

1989

Timor-Leste

16 September

2009 A

15 December

2009

Togo

25 February

1991 A

26 May

1991

Tonga

July 29

1998 A

27 October

1998

Trinidad and Tobago

August 28

1989 A

26 November

1989

Tunisia

September 25

1989 A

24 December

1989

Turkmenistan

18 November

1993 A

February 16

1994

Turkey

September 20

1991 A

19 December

1991

Tuvalu

July 15

1993 A

13 October

1993

Ukraine

18 June

1986

22 September

1988

European Union (EU) *

17 October

1988

15 January

1989

Uruguay

February 27

1989 A

28 May

1989

Vanuatu

21 November

1994 A

19 February

1995

Venezuela

1 Er September

1988 A

30 November

1988

Vietnam

26 January

1994 A

April 26

1994

Yemen

21 February

1996 A

21 May

1996

Zambia

24 January

1990 A

24 April

1990

Zimbabwe

3 November

1992 A

1 Er February

1993

*

Reservations and declarations.

Reservations and declarations are not published in the RO. The texts in English and French can be found at the United Nations Internet site: http://treaties.un.org/ or obtained from the Directorate of Public International Law (DDIP), International Treaty Section, 3003 Berne.

A

From 15 May 1987 to 30 June 1997, the Convention was applicable to Hong Kong on the basis of a territorial extension of the United Kingdom. From 1 Er July 1997, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. According to the Chinese declaration of 6 June 1997, the Convention is also applicable to the Hong Kong SAR from 1 Er July 1997.

B

From 15 Feb 1994 to 19 Dec. 1999, the Convention was applicable to Macao on the basis of a declaration of territorial extension of Portugal. From Dec 20. 1999, Macao became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China.

C

At the date of the accession of Niue and the Cook Islands to the Convention, the territorial declaration of New Zealand lapsed.

D

For the Kingdom in Europe.


1 RO 1988 1772, 1989 474, 1991 36, 1992 667, 1993 3014, 2002 2652, 2005 2319, 2009 2553 and 2012 1275. A version of the updated scope of application is published on the DFAE website (www.dfae.admin.ch/traites).


Status on 29 February 2012