¹ The Confederation carries out the tasks assigned to it by the Constitution.

² ... ¹

The cantons define the tasks they perform within the framework of their competences.

¹ The Confederation assumes only those tasks which exceed the possibilities of the cantons or which require uniform regulation by the Confederation.

² Any community benefiting from a State benefit will bear the costs of this benefit.

³ Any community that takes over the costs of a State benefit decides on this benefit.

⁴ Basic benefits must be accessible to all in a comparable measure.

⁵ The tasks of the State must be carried out in a rational and appropriate manner.

¹ The Confederation and the cantons help each other in the performance of their tasks and cooperate with each other.

² They must respect and assist. They agree on mutual assistance and mutual legal assistance.

³ Disputes between the cantons or between the cantons and the Confederation are, as far as possible, settled by negotiation or mediation.

¹ The cantons participate, in the cases provided for in the Federal Constitution, in the decision-making process at the federal level, in particular in the drafting of legislation.

² The Confederation informs the cantons of its projects in good time and in detail; it consults them when their interests are affected.

¹ The cantons implement federal law in accordance with the Constitution and the law.

² The Confederation and the cantons may agree on the objectives which the cantons achieve in the implementation of the federal law; to that end, they shall establish programmes supported financially by the Confederation. ¹

³ The Confederation leaves the cantons with as wide a margin of manoeuvre as possible, taking account of their particularities. ²

¹ The Confederation respects the autonomy of the cantons.

² It leaves the cantons with sufficient specific tasks and respects their organisational autonomy. It leaves them with sufficient sources of funding and helps to ensure that they have the financial means to carry out their tasks. ¹

¹ The cantons may conclude conventions between them and create common organisations and institutions. In particular, they may carry out tasks of regional interest.

² The Confederation can participate within the limits of its powers.

³ Intercantonal conventions must not be contrary to the law and the interests of the Confederation, nor to the law of other cantons. They must be brought to the attention of the Confederation.

⁴ The cantons may, by convention, authorise an inter-cantonal body to enact provisions containing rules of law for its implementation, provided that the Convention:

A.

Be adopted in accordance with the procedure applicable to laws;

B.

Sets out the broad lines of these provisions. ¹

⁵ The cantons respect the intercantonal law. ²

¹ At the request of the cantons concerned, the Confederation may give general binding force to inter-cantonal conventions or oblige certain cantons to accede to inter-cantonal conventions in the following areas:

A.

Enforcement of sentences and measures;

B. ²

Public education for the areas covered by s. 62, para. 4;

C. ³

Cantonal high schools;

D.

Cultural institutions of supra-regional significance;

E.

Waste management;

F.

Wastewater treatment;

G.

Urban transport;

H.

Advanced medicine and special clinics;

I.

Institutions for the integration and care of persons with disabilities.

² The declaration of mandatory general force takes the form of a federal order.

³ The Act sets out the requirements for the declaration of general binding force and the obligation to adhere to conventions and adopts the procedure.

¹ Federal law takes precedence over the cantonal law which runs counter to it.

² The Confederation ensures that the cantons comply with federal law.

¹ Communal autonomy is guaranteed within the limits set by the cantonal law.

² The Confederation takes into account the possible consequences of its activity for the municipalities.

³ In so doing, it takes into account the special situation of cities, urban agglomerations and mountain regions.

¹ Each canton has a democratic constitution. It must have been accepted by the people and must be able to be revised if the majority of the electorate so requests.

² Cantonal constitutions must be guaranteed by the Confederation. This guarantee is granted if they are not contrary to federal law.

¹ The Confederation protects the constitutional order of the cantons.

² It intervenes when the order is disturbed or threatened in a canton and the canton is unable to preserve it, alone or with the help of other cantons.

¹ The Confederation protects the existence and status of the cantons, as well as their territory.

² Any change in the number of cantons or their status shall be subject to the approval of the electoral body concerned and the cantons concerned, as well as to the vote of the people and the cantons.

³ Any change in the territory of a canton is subject to the approval of the electoral body concerned and the cantons concerned; it is then subject to the approval of the Federal Assembly in the form of a federal decree.

⁴ The correction of cantonal borders is by convention between the cantons concerned.

¹ Foreign affairs fall within the competence of the Confederation.

² The Confederation is committed to preserving the independence and prosperity of Switzerland; it helps in particular to relieve the people in need and to combat poverty and to promote respect for human rights, democracy, The peaceful coexistence of peoples and the preservation of natural resources.

³ It takes into account the competences of the cantons and safeguards their interests.

¹ The cantons are involved in the preparation of foreign policy decisions affecting their essential competences or interests.

² The Confederation shall inform the cantons in good time and in detail and shall consult them.

³ The opinion of the cantons is of particular importance when their competences are affected. In these cases, the cantons are appropriately involved in international negotiations.

¹ The cantons may conclude treaties with foreign nationals in areas falling within their competence.

² These treaties must not be contrary to the law and the interests of the Confederation, nor to the law of other cantons. Before concluding a treaty, the cantons must inform the Confederation.

³ The cantons may deal directly with lower-ranking foreign authorities; in other cases, the cantons' relations with the foreigner take place through the Confederation.

¹ The Confederation and the cantons provide for the security of the country and the protection of the population within the limits of their respective powers.

² They coordinate their efforts in the field of internal security.

¹ Switzerland has an army. This is mainly organised according to the principle of the militia army.

² The army contributes to the prevention of war and the maintenance of peace; it ensures the defence of the country and its people. It provides support to civil authorities when they face a serious threat to internal security or other exceptional situations. The law may provide for other tasks.

³ The establishment of the army was the responsibility of the Confederation. ¹

¹ Every man of Swiss nationality is subject to military service. The law provides for alternative civilian service.

² The Danes can serve in the army on a voluntary basis.

³ Any person of Swiss nationality who does not perform his military service or his replacement service shall pay a fee. This is perceived by the Confederation and fixed and lifted by the cantons.

⁴ The Confederation legislates on the granting of fair compensation for the loss of income.

⁵ Persons who are infected with their health in the performance of their military service or their replacement service are entitled, for themselves or their relatives, to appropriate assistance from the Confederation; if they lose their lives, Their relatives are entitled to similar assistance.

¹ Military legislation and the organisation, training and equipment of the army fall within the competence of the Confederation.

² ... ¹

³ The Confederation may take over the military installations of the cantons with a fair compensation.

¹ Civil protection legislation falls within the competence of the Confederation; the task of civil protection is to protect persons and property in the event of armed conflict.

² The Confederation legislates on civil protection in the event of a disaster and in emergency situations.

³ It may declare the civil protection service compulsory for men. Women can commit themselves on a voluntary basis.

⁴ The Confederation legislates on the granting of fair compensation for the loss of income.

⁵ Persons who are affected in their health in the performance of the civil protection service are entitled, for themselves or their relatives, to appropriate assistance from the Confederation; if they lose their lives, their relatives are entitled to a Similar help.

¹ Within the limits of their respective powers, the Confederation and the cantons are working together to ensure the quality and permeability of the Swiss training area.

² They coordinate their efforts and cooperate with common bodies and take other measures.

³ In carrying out their tasks, they are working to ensure that the general training courses and the vocational training pathways have equivalent social recognition.

¹ Public education is the responsibility of the cantons.

² The cantons provide adequate basic education for all children. This education is compulsory and under the direction or supervision of public authorities. It is free in public schools. ²

³ The cantons provide adequate special training for disabled children and adolescents, at the latest up to their 20 ^E Anniversary. ³

⁴ If the coordination efforts do not result in a harmonisation of public education concerning compulsory education, the age of entry to school, the duration and objectives of the levels of education and the transition from one to the other, thus The recognition of diplomas, the Confederation legislates to the extent necessary. ⁴

⁵ The Confederation rules the beginning of the school year. ⁵

⁶ The cantons are involved in the preparation of the acts of the Confederation which affect their competences; their opinion is of particular importance. ⁶

¹ The Confederation legislates on vocational training.

² It encourages diversity and the permeability of supply in this field.

¹ The Confederation manages federal polytechnics. It can create, resume or manage other high schools and other institutions in the field of high schools.

² It supports the cantonal high schools and can make contributions to other institutions in the field of high schools recognized by it.

³ The Confederation and the cantons are jointly responsible for the coordination and guarantee of quality assurance in the Swiss high schools area. In so doing, they take into account the autonomy of the high schools and the different responsible communities, and ensure equal treatment of the institutions performing tasks of the same nature.

⁴ In order to carry out their tasks, the Confederation and the cantons conclude agreements and delegate certain powers to joint bodies. The Act defines the powers which may be delegated to these bodies and lays down the principles applicable to the organisation and procedure for coordination.

⁵ If the Confederation and the cantons do not achieve the common objectives through their coordination efforts, the Confederation legislates on the levels of education and on the transition from one to the other, on continuing education and on recognition Institutions and diplomas. In addition, the Confederation can link support to high schools with uniform funding principles and make it subordinate to the division of tasks between high schools in particularly expensive areas.

¹ The Confederation encourages scientific research and innovation. ¹

² It can subordinate its support, in particular, to quality assurance and the establishment of coordination measures. ²

³ It can manage, create, or resume research centers.

¹ The Confederation lays down the principles applicable to continuing education.

² It can encourage further training.

³ The Act sets out the areas and criteria.

¹ The Confederation collects the necessary statistical data on the state and development of the population, economy, society, training, research, territory and environment in Switzerland. ¹

² It can legislate on the harmonisation and maintenance of official registers in order to streamline collection.

¹ The Confederation may grant contributions to the cantons for the provision of training aid for high school students and other higher education institutions. It may encourage harmonisation between the cantons with regard to training aid and lay down the principles applicable to their granting. ¹

² In addition to the cantonal measures and the respect for cantonal autonomy in the field of public education, it can also take measures to promote training itself.

¹ In carrying out their tasks, the Confederation and the cantons take into account the development and protection needs of children and young people.

² In addition to cantonal measures, the Confederation can promote out-of-school activities for children and young people. ²

¹ The Confederation and the cantons encourage musical training, especially for children and young people.

² Within the limits of their respective competences, the Confederation and the cantons undertake to promote quality musical education at school. If the efforts of the cantons did not result in a harmonisation of the objectives of the teaching of music at school, the Confederation legislates to the extent necessary.

³ The Confederation fixed, with the participation of the cantons, the principles applicable to young people's access to musical practice and the encouragement of musical talent.

¹ The Confederation encourages sport, in particular sport training.

² It runs a sports school.

³ It can legislate on the practice of sport by young people and declare compulsory the teaching of sport in schools.

¹ Culture is the responsibility of the cantons.

² The Confederation can promote cultural activities of national interest and encourage artistic and musical expression, in particular through the promotion of training.

³ In carrying out its tasks, it takes into account the cultural and linguistic diversity of the country.

¹ The official languages of the Confederation are German, French and Italian. Romansh is also the official language for the relationship between the Confederation and Romansh speakers.

² The cantons determine their official languages. In order to preserve harmony between the linguistic communities, they ensure the traditional territorial distribution of languages and take account of indigenous linguistic minorities.

³ The Confederation and the cantons encourage understanding and exchanges between the linguistic communities.

⁴ The Confederation supports the multilingual cantons in carrying out their particular tasks.

⁵ The Confederation supports the measures taken by the cantons of Grisons and Ticino to safeguard and promote Romansh and Italian.

¹ The Confederation can promote Swiss film production and film culture.

² It can legislate to encourage an offer of varied and quality cinematographic works.

¹ The regulation of relations between the Church and the State is the responsibility of the cantons.

² Within the limits of their respective powers, the Confederation and the cantons may take measures to maintain peace between members of the various religious communities.

³ The construction of minarets is prohibited. ¹

The Confederation and the cantons are working to establish a sustainable balance between nature, in particular its capacity for renewal, and its use by human beings.

¹ The Confederation legislates on the protection of the human being and its natural environment against harmful or inconveniences.

² It ensures that these violations are prevented. The costs of prevention and repair are borne by those who cause them.

³ The execution of federal provisions shall be the responsibility of the cantons insofar as it is not reserved for the Confederation by law.

¹ The Confederation lays down the principles applicable to spatial planning. It is the responsibility of the cantons and serves a wise and measured use of the soil and a rational occupation of the territory.

² The Confederation encourages and coordinates the efforts of the cantons and collaborates with them.

³ In carrying out their duties, the Confederation and the cantons shall take into account the requirements of spatial planning.

¹ National measurements fall within the competence of the Confederation.

² The Confederation legislates on official measurements.

³ It can legislate on the harmonisation of official land information.

¹ Secondary residences comprise a maximum of 20 % of the housing stock and the gross floor area of each municipality.

² The law requires the communes to publish each year their plan of principal residence quotas and the detailed state of its execution.

¹ Within the limits of its powers, the Confederation provides for the rational use of water resources, their protection and the fight against harmful action of water.

² It sets out the principles for the conservation and development of water resources, the use of water for energy production and cooling, and other interventions in the hydrological cycle.

³ It legislates on the protection of water, the maintenance of appropriate residual flows, the development of watercourses, the safety of dams, and interventions to influence rainfall.

⁴ The cantons have water resources. They may levy, within the limits provided for in the federal legislation, a tax for their use. The Confederation has the right to use the waters for its transport undertakings, in which case it pays a tax and compensation.

⁵ With the assistance of the cantons concerned, it decides on the rights relating to water resources of interest to several States and sets the fees for the use of these resources. It also decides on these rights when the water resources are of interest to several cantons and the latter do not agree.

⁶ In carrying out its tasks, it shall take into account the interests of the cantons from which the water originates.

¹ The Confederation ensures that forests can fulfil their protective, economic and social functions.

² It lays down the principles applicable to the protection of forests.

³ It encourages forest conservation measures.

¹ The protection of nature and heritage is the responsibility of the cantons.

² In carrying out its tasks, the Confederation shall take into consideration the objectives of the protection of nature and heritage. It preserves the landscape, the physiognomy of the localities, the historic sites and the natural and cultural monuments; it preserves them in their entirety if the public interest so requires.

³ It can support efforts to protect nature and heritage and acquire or safeguard, by contract or expropriation, objects of national interest.

⁴ It legislates on the protection of fauna and flora and on the preservation of their natural environment in its diversity. It protects endangered species.

⁵ Marshes and wetland sites of particular beauty that are of national interest are protected. It is prohibited to develop or modify the grounds of the facility. An exception is the facilities used for the protection of these spaces or for the continuation of their operation for agricultural purposes.

The Confederation lays down the principles applicable to the practice of fishing and hunting, including the maintenance of the diversity of species of fish, wild mammals and birds.

¹ The Confederation legislates on the protection of animals.

² In particular, it rules:

A.

The custody and treatment of animals;

B.

Animal testing and damage to the integrity of live animals;

C.

The use of animals;

D.

The importation of animals and animal products;

E.

Trade and transportation of animals;

F.

Slaughter of animals.

³ The execution of federal provisions shall be the responsibility of the cantons insofar as it is not reserved for the Confederation by law.

The Confederation may, in the interest of the country or a large part of it, carry out public works and exploit public works or encourage them to be carried out.

¹ The Confederation and the cantons shall ensure that a sufficient supply of public transport by rail, road, waterway and cable facilities is proposed in all regions of the country. In so doing, they take appropriate account of rail freight.

² The prices paid by public transport users cover an appropriate part of the costs.

¹ The Confederation legislates on road traffic.

² It exercises high surveillance on roads of national importance; it can determine the transit routes that must remain open to traffic.

³ The use of public roads is exempt from tax. The Federal Assembly may authorise exceptions.

¹ The Confederation ensured the creation of a network of national roads and ensured that these roads could be used.

² Confederation builds, maintains and operates national roads. It bears the costs. It may entrust these tasks in whole or in part to public, private or mixed bodies. ²

³ ... ³

¹ The Confederation protects the Alpine regions against the negative effects of transit traffic. It limits the nuisance caused by transit traffic so that they do not harm human beings, animals, plants or their vital spaces.

² Freight traffic across Switzerland on the Alpine axes is carried out by rail. The Federal Council shall take the necessary measures. Derogations are granted only if they are unavoidable. They must be specified in legislation.

³ The capacity of the transit routes of the Alpine regions cannot be increased. Bypass roads that discharge communities from transit traffic are not subject to this provision.

¹ The Confederation may levy a levy on the movement of heavy goods vehicles in proportion to benefits or consumption if such traffic results in costs not covered by other benefits or charges for the community.

² The net proceeds of the levy are used to cover the costs of land transport. ²

³ The cantons receive a share of the net proceeds of this levy. When calculating these shares, the specific consequences of levying the levy for mountain regions and peripheral regions must be taken into account.

¹ The Confederation can levy a tax on fuel consumption.

² It shall levy a levy on the use of national roads by motor vehicles and their trailers which are not subject to the heavy duty vehicle traffic charge.

³ It affects half of the net proceeds of consumption tax on fuel, with the exception of aviation fuels, and the net proceeds of the charge for the use of national roads to finance tasks and expenses Which are related to road traffic: ¹

A.

Construction, maintenance and operation of national roads;

B. ²

Measures to promote combined traffic and the transport of accompanied road vehicles;

B ^Bis . ³

Measures to improve transport infrastructure in towns and cities;

C. ⁴

Contributions to major roads;

D.

Contributions for the construction of works of protection against claims due to natural elements and for measures to protect the environment and the landscape that road traffic requires;

E. ⁵

General participation in the financing, by the cantons, of roads open to the movement of motor vehicles;

F. ⁶

Contributions to the cantons without national roads.

^3bis It allocates half of the net consumer tax revenue on aviation fuels to the following tasks and expenses, which are related to air traffic:

A.

Contributions for environmental protection measures that air traffic requires;

B.

Contributions for security measures designed to protect air traffic against infringements, in particular terrorist attacks and aircraft hijacking, provided that they do not fall within the scope of public authorities;

C.

Contributions for measures to promote a high level of technical safety in air traffic. ⁷

⁴ If these means are not sufficient to finance the tasks and expenses associated with road traffic and air traffic, the Confederation levies a supplement on the consumption tax on the fuels concerned. ⁸

The legislation on rail transport, cable cars, navigation, aviation and space navigation falls within the competence of the Confederation.

¹ The main part of the financing of the railway infrastructure is borne by the Confederation.

² Funding for the railway infrastructure is provided by a fund. It is powered by the following resources:

A.

Two-thirds of the proceeds of the levy on the movement of heavy-duty vehicles referred to in s. 85;

B.

The product resulting from the increase in the rates of value added tax under s. 130, para. 3 ^Bis ;

C.

2.0 % of revenues from direct federal tax collected on the income of natural persons;

D.

2300 million francs per year from federal finances; the law regulates the indexation of this amount.

³ The cantons are adequately involved in the financing of the railway infrastructure. The law regulates the terms.

⁴ The law may provide for additional funding from third parties.

¹ The Confederation lays down the principles applicable to the networks of paths and footpaths.

² It can support and coordinate the measures of the cantons for the development and maintenance of these networks.

³ In carrying out its duties, it shall take into account the networks of paths and footpaths and replace the paths and paths which it must remove.

¹ Within the limits of their respective powers, the Confederation and the cantons are committed to promoting an adequate supply of energy, diversified, safe, economically optimal and environmentally friendly, as well as consumption Energy efficient and rational.

² The Confederation lays down the principles applicable to the use of indigenous energy and renewable energy and the efficient and rational consumption of energy.

³ The Confederation legislates on the energy consumption of installations, vehicles and appliances. It promotes the development of energy technologies, in particular in the fields of energy saving and renewable energy.

⁴ Measures concerning energy consumption in buildings are primarily the responsibility of the cantons.

⁵ In its energy policy, the Confederation takes account of the efforts of the cantons, municipalities and economic circles; it takes into account the realities of each region and the limits of what is economically sustainable.

Nuclear energy legislation falls within the competence of the Confederation.

¹ The Confederation legislates on the transport and delivery of electricity.

² The legislation on transmission facilities by pipeline of liquid or gaseous fuel or fuel is the responsibility of the Confederation.

¹ Postal services and telecommunications are the responsibility of the Confederation.

² The Confederation ensures that a sufficient universal postal and telecommunications service is provided at reasonable prices in all regions of the country. Tariffs are set on a consistent basis.

¹ The legislation on radio and television, as well as other forms of broadcasting of public telecommunications productions and information, falls within the competence of the Confederation.

² Radio and television contribute to training and cultural development, the free formation of opinion and entertainment. They take into account the particularities of the country and the needs of the cantons. They present events in a true manner and fairly reflect the diversity of opinions.

³ The independence of radio and television and the autonomy in programme design are guaranteed.

⁴ The situation and the role of other media, in particular the press, must be taken into account.

⁵ Complaints about programs can be submitted to an independent authority.

¹ The Confederation and the cantons respect the principle of economic freedom.

² They safeguard the interests of the national economy and contribute, together with the private economy sector, to the prosperity and economic security of the population.

³ Within their respective jurisdictions, they ensure the creation of a favourable environment for the private sector.

⁴ Derogations from the principle of economic freedom, in particular measures which threaten competition, are allowed only if they are provided for in the Federal Constitution or based on the sovereign rights of the cantons.

¹ The Confederation may legislate on the exercise of private economic activities.

² It aims to create a unique Swiss economic space. It guarantees to persons who justify university training or federal training, cantonal or recognised by the canton, the possibility of practising their profession throughout Switzerland.

³ In order to protect the economy, private property and shareholders and to ensure sustainable business management, the law requires public limited companies listed on the stock exchange in Switzerland or abroad to respect the following principles:

A.

The general meeting votes each year the total amount of remuneration (money and value of benefits in kind) of the board of directors, management and advisory committee. Each year, it designates the Chairman of the Board of Directors and, one by one, the members of the Board of Directors and the members of the compensation committee and the independent representative. Pension funds vote in the interest of their policyholders and communicate what they have voted for. Shareholders may vote remotely by electronic means; they may not be represented by a member of a body of the company or by a depositary;

B.

The members of the organs shall not receive severance pay or other compensation, remuneration in advance or bonus for purchases or sales of undertakings, and may not be bound by another contract of advice or work to a company of the Group. The management of the corporation cannot be delegated to a corporation;

C.

The statutes regulate the amount of annuities, loans and loans granted to the members of the organs, the bonus and participation plans and the number of external mandates of the members, as well as the duration of the employment contract of the members of the Direction;

D.

Any violation of the provisions set out in the paragraphs. A to c shall be punished with a custodial sentence of up to three years and a penalty of up to six annual remuneration. ²

¹ The Confederation legislates in order to combat the harmful social and economic consequences of cartels and other forms of restriction of competition.

² It takes action:

A.

In order to prevent undue pricing by undertakings or organisations of private law or public law occupying a dominant position on the market;

B.

In order to combat unfair competition.

¹ The Confederation is taking measures to protect consumers and consumers.

² It legislates on the legal channels open to consumer organisations. In areas covered by unfair competition law, these organisations enjoy the same rights as professional and economic associations.

³ The cantons provide for a conciliation procedure or a quick and simple legal procedure for disputes where the disputed value does not exceed a specified amount. The Federal Council fixes this amount.

¹ The Confederation legislates on banks and on stock exchanges, taking into account the special role and status of cantonal banks.

² It can legislate on financial services in other areas.

³ It legislates on private insurance.

¹ The currency fell within the competence of the Confederation; the right to fight money and the right to issue banknotes belonged exclusively to the Confederation.

² As an independent central bank, the Swiss National Bank conducts a monetary policy that serves the country's general interests; it is administered with and under the supervision of the Swiss Confederation.

³ The National Bank is, on the basis of its income, sufficient monetary reserves, one of which must be gold.

⁴ It pays at least two-thirds of its net income to the cantons.

¹ The Confederation is taking steps to ensure a steady evolution of the economy and, in particular, to prevent and combat unemployment and higher prices.

² It takes into account the economic development of each region. It works with the cantons and the economic community.

³ In the fields of credit and currency, external trade and public finances, it may, if necessary, derogate from the principle of economic freedom.

⁴ The Confederation, the cantons and the municipalities shall determine their budgetary policy taking into account the cyclical situation.

⁵ In order to stabilize the situation, the Confederation may temporarily take supplements or provide rebates on taxes and taxes under federal law. Funds levied must be frozen; when the measure is lifted, direct taxes and taxes are reimbursed individually, and indirect taxes and taxes, which are earmarked for the granting of rebates or for the creation of jobs.

⁶ The Confederation can oblige companies to create crisis reserves; to this end, it grants tax relief and may require the cantons to grant such relief. When reserves are released, companies decide freely about their employment within the limits of the statutory allotments.

¹ The Confederation was responsible for safeguarding the interests of the Swiss economy abroad.

² In particular cases, it can take measures to protect the Swiss economy. It may, if necessary, derogate from the principle of economic freedom.

¹ The Confederation ensures the country's supply of basic goods and services in order to be able to cope with a threat of war, another manifestation of force or a severe shortage, to which the economy is not able to Remedy by its own means. It takes preventive measures.

² It may, if necessary, derogate from the principle of economic freedom.

The Confederation can support economically threatened regions and promote economic and occupational sectors if the self-help measures that can reasonably be demanded of them are not sufficient to ensure their existence. It may, if necessary, derogate from the principle of economic freedom.

¹ The Confederation ensures that agriculture, through production that meets both the requirements of sustainable development and the requirements of the market, contributes substantially:

A.

The security of the population's supply;

B.

The conservation of natural resources and the maintenance of the countryside;

C.

The decentralised occupation of the territory.

² In addition to the self-help measures that can reasonably be expected from agriculture and by derogating from the principle of economic freedom, when necessary, the Confederation encourages peasant farms to cultivate the soil.

³ It designs the measures so that agriculture can respond to its many functions. Its competencies and tasks include the following:

A.

It supplements peasant income with direct payments for the purpose of fairly remunerating the benefits provided, provided that the operator proves that he meets the requirements of an ecological character;

B.

It encourages, through incentives of economic interest, forms of exploitation particularly in accordance with nature and with respect for the environment and animals;

C.

It legislates on the declaration of origin, quality, methods of production and processing of foodstuffs;

D.

Protecting the environment from abuse of fertilizers, chemicals and other ancillary materials;

E.

It can encourage agricultural research, extension and training, and provide investment aid;

F.

It can legislate on the consolidation of rural land ownership.

⁴ For these purposes, it commits agricultural credits to special assignments as well as general resources of the Confederation.

The legislation on the manufacture, import, rectification and sale of alcohol obtained by distillation falls within the competence of the Confederation. In particular, it takes account of the harmful effects of alcohol consumption.

¹ The Confederation legislates on gambling, taking into account the interests of the cantons.

² A grant from the Confederation was necessary to open and operate a playhouse. When it grants a concession, the Confederation takes into account regional realities. It levies on the revenue generated by the operation of the games a tax which must not exceed 80 % of the gross proceeds of the games. This tax is allocated to Old Age, Survivor and Disability Insurance.

³ The authority and supervision of the following gambling activities shall be the responsibility of the cantons:

A.

Games to which an unlimited number of people can participate in several places and whose result is determined by a common draw or by a similar process, with the exception of the jackpot systems of the gambling houses;

B.

Sports betting;

C.

Address sets.

⁴ The s. 2 and 3 also apply to gambling operated through an electronic communication network.

⁵ The Confederation and the cantons take account of the dangers inherent in gambling. They shall take the legislative provisions and supervisory measures to ensure protection adapted to the specificities of the games as well as to the place and mode of exploitation of the offer.

⁶ The cantons shall ensure that the net profits of the games referred to in para. 3, let. A and b, are fully allocated to public utility purposes, in particular in the cultural, social and sporting fields.

⁷ The Confederation and the cantons shall coordinate their efforts in the performance of their tasks. To this end, the Act establishes a common body composed equally of members of the implementing authorities of the Confederation and of members of the executing authorities of the cantons.

¹ The Confederation legislates in order to combat the abuse of weapons, weapons accessories and ammunition.

² It legislates on the manufacture, acquisition, distribution, import, export and transit of war material.

¹ The Confederation encourages the construction of housing as well as the acquisition of apartments and family homes for the personal use of individuals and the activities of the owners and organisations involved in the construction of Public utilities.

² In particular, it encourages the acquisition and equipment of land for housing construction, the rationalization of construction, the lowering of its cost and the lowering of the cost of housing.

³ It can legislate on the equipment of land for the construction of housing and the rationalization of construction.

⁴ In doing so, it takes into account, in particular, the interests of families and the elderly, disabled or in need.

¹ The Confederation legislates to combat rent-to-rent abuse, including abusive rent, as well as the cancellation of abusive leave and the extension of the term lease.

² It may legislate on the general binding force of the lease framework contracts. In order to be declared a mandatory general force, these contracts must take into account the legitimate interests of minorities and regional particularities and respect the principle of equality before the law.

¹ The Confederation may legislate:

A.

The protection of workers;

B.

On the relations between employers and workers, in particular the common rules on business and professional matters;

C.

On the investment service;

D.

On the extension of the scope of collective labour agreements.

² The scope of a collective labour agreement can only be extended if this convention takes fair account of the legitimate interests of minorities and regional specificities and respects the principle of equality before The law and the freedom of association.

³ The 1 ^Er August is the day of the national holiday. He is assimilated on Sundays from the point of view of labour law; he is paid.

¹ The Confederation takes measures to ensure adequate old-age, survivors and disability foresight. This foresight is based on the three pillars of old-age insurance, survivors and federal disability, occupational foresight and individual foresight.

² The Confederation ensures that the federal old-age, survivors and invalidity insurance, as well as the occupational foresight, can fulfil their function in a sustainable manner.

³ It may oblige the cantons to grant tax exemptions to institutions covered by old-age insurance, survivors and federal invalidity or occupational insurance, as well as tax concessions to insured persons and to their insured persons. Employers on the contributions paid and the amounts that are the subject of a right of expectation.

⁴ In collaboration with the cantons, it encourages individual foresight, notably through fiscal measures and a policy facilitating home ownership.

¹ The Confederation legislates on old age, survivors and disability insurance.

² In doing so, it adhers to the following principles:

A.

Insurance is mandatory;

A ^Bis . ¹ Provides benefits in cash and in kind;

B.

Annuities must cover vital needs in an appropriate manner;

C.

The maximum pension does not exceed twice the minimum pension;

D.

Rents are adapted at least to changes in prices.

³ The insurance is funded:

A.

By contributions from insured persons; when the insured person is employed, the employer pays half of the amount of the contribution;

B. ²

With the benefit of the Confederation.

⁴ The benefits of the Confederation do not exceed half of the expenditure. ³

⁵ The benefits of the Confederation are primarily financed by the net proceeds of the tobacco tax, the tax on distilled beverages and the tax on the revenues of the gambling houses.

⁶ ... ⁴

¹ The Confederation and the cantons pay additional benefits if the old-age, survivors and invalidity insurance does not cover vital needs.

² The Act sets out the amount of supplementary benefits and defines the tasks and powers of the Confederation and the cantons.

¹ The Confederation encourages the integration of invalids by cash and in-kind benefits. Financial resources for disability insurance may be used for this purpose.

² The cantons encourage the integration of invalids, in particular by means of contributions for the construction and operation of institutions to provide them with housing and work.

³ The Act sets out the objectives, principles and criteria for the integration of the disabled.

¹ The cantons provide home care and home care for the elderly and people with disabilities.

² The Confederation supports national efforts for the elderly and people with disabilities. The financial resources of the old age, survivors and disability insurance can be used for this purpose.

¹ The Confederation legislates on occupational foresight.

² In doing so, it adhers to the following principles:

A.

Occupational foresight, combined with old age, survivors and disability insurance, allows the insured person to maintain his or her previous standard of living appropriately;

B.

Occupational foresight is compulsory for employees; the law may provide for exceptions;

C.

The employer guarantees its employees to an institution of foresight; if necessary, the Confederation gives it the opportunity to provide its employees with an institution of federal foresight;

D.

Persons engaged in an independent activity may make arrangements with an institution of foresight on an optional basis;

E.

The Confederation may declare occupational foresight required for certain categories of persons engaged in an independent activity, in general or in order to cover particular risks.

³ The occupational foresight is financed by contributions from insured persons; when the insured person is employed, the employer takes at least half of the amount of the contribution.

⁴ Pre-need institutions must meet the minimum requirements set out in federal law; the Confederation may, in order to resolve particular problems, provide for measures that apply to the whole country.

¹ The Confederation legislates on unemployment insurance.

² In doing so, it adhers to the following principles:

A.

Insurance ensures appropriate compensation for loss of income and supports measures to prevent and combat unemployment;

B.

Membership is compulsory for employees; the law may provide for exceptions;

C.

Persons engaged in self-employed activities may, on an optional basis, ascertain.

³ Unemployment insurance is financed by contributions from insured persons; when the insured person is employed, the employer pays half the amount of the contribution.

⁴ The Confederation and the cantons grant financial aid in exceptional circumstances.

⁵ The Confederation may enact provisions on social assistance for the unemployed.

Persons in need are assisted by their home canton. The Confederation rules exceptions and powers.

¹ In carrying out its duties, the Confederation takes into account the needs of the family. It can support measures to protect the family.

² It can legislate on family allowances and manage a federal compensation fund for family allowances.

³ It establishes maternity insurance. It may also subject to the obligation to contribute persons who are not eligible for insurance benefits.

⁴ It may declare membership of a family compensation fund and compulsory maternity insurance, in general or for certain categories of persons, and make its benefits dependent on the cantons' fair contribution.

¹ The Confederation legislates on health insurance and accident insurance.

² It may declare compulsory health insurance and accident insurance, generally or for certain categories of persons.

¹ Within the limits of their respective powers, the Confederation and the cantons ensure that everyone has access to adequate and quality basic medical care. They recognize family medicine as an essential component of basic medical care and encourage it.

² The Confederation legislates:

A.

On basic training and specialised training in the field of basic medical care professions and on the conditions of practice for these professions;

B.

On the appropriate remuneration for family medicine benefits.

¹ Within its jurisdiction, the Confederation is taking steps to protect health.

² It legislates on:

A.

The use of foodstuffs, as well as therapeutic agents, narcotics, organisms, chemicals and objects which may present a danger to health;

B.

The fight against communicable diseases, widespread diseases and particularly dangerous diseases of humans and animals;

C.

Protection against ionizing radiation.

The Confederation and the cantons may, within the limits of their respective powers, take account of complementary medicines.

¹ The Confederation legislates on research into human beings, insofar as the protection of human dignity and personality requires it. In doing so, it ensures the freedom of research and takes into account the importance of research to health and society.

² It adhers to the following principles of research in biology and medicine involving people:

A.

A research project can only be carried out if the person involved or the person designated by the law has given informed consent; the law may provide for exceptions; a refusal is binding in all cases;

B.

The risks and constraints faced by individuals involved in a research project should not be disproportionate to the usefulness of the project;

C.

A research project can only be carried out on persons who are indiscriminately incompetent if equivalent results cannot be obtained in persons capable of discernment; where the research project does not allow for a Direct benefit to persons with indiscriminability, risks and constraints must be minimal;

D.

An expertise independent of the research project must have established that the protection of the persons involved in this project is guaranteed.

¹ Human beings must be protected from abuse in the area of medically assisted reproduction and genetic engineering.

² The Confederation legislates on the use of the germ and human genetic heritage. In so doing, it shall ensure the protection of human dignity, personality and family, and shall respect in particular the following principles:

A.

Any form of cloning and any intervention in the genetic heritage of gametes and human embryos is prohibited;

B.

The non-human genetic and germinal heritage cannot be transferred into or merged with human germinal heritage;

C. ¹

The use of medically assisted reproduction procedures is only permitted where the sterility or the danger of transmission of a serious disease cannot be ruled out in any other way, and not for the development of certain qualifications in the child or To carry out research; fertilization of human eggs outside the body of a woman is permitted only under the conditions laid down by law; cannot be developed outside the body of the woman to the embryo stage as the number of human eggs Necessary for medically assisted reproduction.

D.

The donation of embryos and all forms of surrogacy are prohibited;

E.

There can be no trade in human germ material or products resulting from embryons;

F.

The genetic heritage of a person can only be analysed, recorded and communicated with the consent of the person or under a law;

G.

Any person has access to data relating to his or her ancestry.

¹ The Confederation lays down provisions in the field of organ, tissue and cell transplantation. In doing so, it ensures the protection of human dignity, personality and health.

² It ensures a fair distribution of organs.

³ The donation of human organs, tissues and cells is free. Trade in human organs is prohibited.

¹ Human beings and their environment must be protected from the abuse of genetic engineering.

² The Confederation legislates on the use of the germ and genetic heritage of animals, plants and other organisms. In doing so, it respects the integrity of living organisms and the safety of humans, animals and the environment, and protects the genetic diversity of animal and plant species.

¹ The legislation on the entry into Switzerland, the exit, the stay and the establishment of foreigners and the granting of asylum is within the competence of the Confederation.

² Foreigners who threaten the security of the country may be expelled from Switzerland.

³ They are deprived of their residence permit, irrespective of their status, and of all their rights to stay in Switzerland:

A.

If they were convicted by a judgment entered into force for murder, rape, or other serious sexual offences, for an act of violence of another nature such as banditry, trafficking in human beings, drug trafficking or effraction; or

B.

If they have improperly collected social insurance or social assistance benefits. ³

⁴ The legislator specifies the facts of the offences referred to in para. 3. It may be supplemented by other articles of incorporation. ⁴

⁵ Foreigners who, under paras. 3 and 4 are deprived of their residence permit and all their rights to stay in Switzerland must be expelled from the country by the competent authorities and subject to a ban on entering the territory from 5 to 15 years. In the event of a repeat offence, the ban on entering the territory will be set at 20 years. ⁵

⁶ Foreigners who violate the ban on entering the territory or who enter illegally in any way are punishable. The legislator enacts the corresponding provisions. ⁶

¹ Switzerland autonomously manages the immigration of foreigners.

² The number of permits issued for the stay of foreigners in Switzerland is limited by annual ceilings and quotas. The ceilings apply to all authorisations issued under the law of aliens, including the field of asylum. The right to a sustainable stay, family reunification and social benefits may be limited.

³ The ceilings and annual quotas for foreigners engaged in a gainful occupation must be fixed in accordance with the overall economic interests of Switzerland and in accordance with the principle of national preference; they must include the Border. The criteria for granting residence permits are, in particular, the demand of an employer, the capacity for integration and a sufficient and autonomous source of income.

⁴ No international treaty contrary to this Article shall be concluded.

⁵ The law regulates the terms.

¹ Civil law and civil procedure legislation falls within the competence of the Confederation.

² The judicial organisation and the administration of justice in civil law are the responsibility of the cantons, unless otherwise provided by law.

¹ The legislation on criminal law and criminal procedure falls within the competence of the Confederation.

² The judicial organisation and the administration of justice, as well as the execution of penalties and measures in matters of criminal law, are the responsibility of the cantons, unless otherwise provided by law.

³ The Confederation may legislate on the enforcement of penalties and measures. It may grant the cantons contributions:

A.

For building construction;

B.

To improve the execution of sentences and measures;

C.

For the support of the institutions where educational measures for children, adolescents or young adults are carried out. ²

¹ If a sexual or violent offender is classified as extremely dangerous and non-amendable in the expertise required for judgment, he is interned for life because of the high risk of re-offending. Any release and leave are excluded.

² New expertise is only available if new scientific knowledge is available to establish that the offender can be amended and therefore no longer represents a danger to the community. The authority which decides to waive the internment in the light of these reports shall be responsible in the event of re-offending.

³ Any expertise concerning the offender shall be established by at least two independent experts who shall take into account all relevant factors.

Criminal action and punishment for an act of a sexual or pornographic nature on an impudent child shall be imprescriptible.

Anyone convicted of violating the sexual integrity of a child or dependent is definitively deprived of the right to engage in a professional or voluntary activity in contact with minors or dependent persons.

The Confederation and the cantons shall ensure that victims of an infringement of their physical, psychological or sexual integrity receive assistance and receive fair compensation if they are experiencing material difficulties in Reason for the offence.

Legislation on metrology falls within the competence of the Confederation.

¹ The Federal Assembly is the supreme authority of the Confederation, subject to the rights of the people and the cantons.

² It consists of two Chambers, the National Council and the Council of States, with the same powers.

¹ The National Council consists of 200 members of the people.

² Members are elected by the people by direct suffrage according to the proportional system. The National Council is renewed in full every four years.

³ Each canton forms an electoral district.

⁴ The seats are distributed among the cantons in proportion to their population. Each canton is entitled to at least one seat.

¹ The Council of States consists of 46 members from the cantons.

² The cantons of Obwalden, Nidwalden, Basel-City, Basel-Country, Appenzell Outer Rhodes and Appenzell Inner Rhodes each elect one Member; the other cantons each elect two members.

³ The cantons enact the rules applicable to the election of their deputies to the Council of States.

¹ The councils meet regularly. The law governs the convening of the sessions.

² A quarter of the members of one of the councils or the Federal Council may request the convening of the advice at an extraordinary session.

Each council elects one of its members to the presidency for one year, a second in the first vice-presidency and a third in the second vice-presidency. These mandates are not renewable for the following year.

¹ Each council set up committees within it.

² The law may provide for joint commissions.

³ The law may delegate certain powers to the committees, with the exception of legislative powers.

⁴ In order to carry out their duties, commissions have the right to obtain information, consult documents and conduct investigations. The law defines the limits of this right.

Members of the Federal Assembly may form groups.

The Federal Assembly has Parliamentary Services. It can use the services of the federal government. The law regulates the terms.

¹ The National Council and the Council of States deliberate separately.

² The decisions of the Federal Assembly require the approval of both councils.

³ The law provides that, in the event of differences between the two councils, an order should be taken on:

A.

The validity or partial invalidity of a popular initiative;

B. ¹

The implementation of a popular initiative designed in general terms and approved by the people;

C. ²

The implementation of a federal decree approved by the people and aimed at a total revision of the Constitution;

D.

The budget or its supplements. ³

¹ The National Council and the Council of States shall, under the guidance of the President or the President of the National Council, deliberate for:

A.

Conduct elections;

B.

Adjudicate conflicts of jurisdiction between the federal supreme authorities;

C.

Decide on appeals by way of grace.

² In addition, they sit on board meetings on special occasions and on the advice of the Federal Council.

The counselling sessions are public. The law may provide for exceptions.

¹ The councils may validly release only if the majority of their members are present.

² Decisions are made by a majority of voters, whether the councils sit separately or in council meetings.

³ However, it must be adopted by a majority of the members of each board:

A.

The emergency declaration of federal laws;

B.

The provisions on grants, as well as commitment appropriations and expenditure ceilings, if they result in new one-time expenditure of more than 20 million francs or new recurring expenditure of more than 2 million Francs;

C. ¹

The increase in total expenditures in the event of exceptional financial requirements under s. 126, para. 3.

⁴ The Federal Assembly may adjust the amounts referred to in para. 3, let. B, increase by an order. ²

¹ Any member of the Federal Assembly, any parliamentary group, any parliamentary committee and any canton may submit an initiative to the Federal Assembly.

² The members of each council and the members of the Federal Council may make proposals for a deliberation object.

¹ Members of the Federal Assembly vote without instructions.

² They make public the links they have with interest groups.

¹ Members of the Federal Assembly and members of the Federal Council, as well as the Chancellor or Chancellor of the Confederation, incur no legal liability for what they say before the Councils and their bodies.

² The law may provide for other forms of immunity and extend them to other persons.

¹ The Federal Assembly enacts provisions laying down rules of law in the form of a federal law or an ordinance.

² The other acts are enacted in the form of a federal decree, which, if not subject to the referendum, is referred to as a simple federal decree.

¹ All important provisions that lay down rules of law must be enacted in the form of an Act of Parliament. In particular, the basic provisions relating to this category are:

A.

The exercise of political rights;

B.

Restricting constitutional rights;

C.

The rights and obligations of individuals;

D.

The quality of the taxpayer, the subject of taxes and the calculation of the amount of taxes;

E.

The tasks and benefits of Confederation;

F.

The obligations of the cantons in the implementation and enforcement of federal law;

G.

The organization and procedure of the federal authorities.

² A federal law may provide for a delegation of the jurisdiction to enact rules of law, unless the Constitution excludes it.

¹ A federal law whose entry into force does not suffer any delay may be declared urgent and enter into force immediately by a decision taken by a majority of the members of each council. Its validity must be limited in time.

² When the referendum is called for against an urgent federal law, it ceases to have effect one year after its adoption by the Federal Assembly if it has not been accepted by the people within that period.

³ Where an urgent federal law has no constitutional basis, it shall cease to have effect one year after its adoption by the Federal Assembly if it has not been accepted within that period by the people and the cantons. Its validity must be limited in time.

⁴ An urgent federal law that has not been accepted into voting cannot be renewed.

¹ The Federal Assembly participates in the definition of foreign policy and oversees relations with other countries.

² It approves international treaties, with the exception of those whose conclusion is the sole responsibility of the Federal Council under an international law or treaty.

The Federal Assembly voted the expenses of the Confederation, established the budget and approved the state account.

¹ The Federal Assembly elects the members of the Federal Council, the Chancellor or the Chancellor of the Confederation, the judges of the Federal Court and the General.

² The Act may give the Federal Assembly the power to elect other persons or to confirm the election of others.

¹ The Federal Assembly exercises high supervision over the Federal Council and the Federal Government, the Federal Courts and other bodies or persons entrusted with the tasks of the Confederation.

² The secrecy of function does not constitute a ground which may be opposed to the particular delegations of the control committees provided for by the law.

The Federal Assembly shall ensure that the effectiveness of the measures taken by the Confederation is evaluated.

The Federal Assembly may assign mandates to the Federal Council. The Act sets out the terms and conditions and, in particular, defines the instruments by which the Federal Assembly can influence matters within the competence of the Federal Council.

¹ The Federal Assembly shall ensure that relations between the Confederation and the cantons are maintained.

² It guarantees the cantonal constitutions.

³ It approves the agreements that the cantons intend to conclude with each other and abroad, when the Federal Council or a canton raises a complaint.

¹ The Federal Assembly also has the following tasks and competencies:

A.

It takes the necessary measures to safeguard the external security, independence and neutrality of Switzerland;

B.

It takes the necessary measures to preserve internal security;

C.

It may issue, when extraordinary circumstances so require and in order to carry out the tasks referred to in letters a and b, simple federal orders or orders;

D.

It orders the active service and, for that purpose, establishes the army or part of the army;

E.

Taking steps to ensure the application of federal law;

F.

It decides on the validity of the successful popular initiatives;

G.

Participates in major planning of the activities of the Eta;

H.

It shall act on specific acts when expressly provided for by a federal law;

I.

It rules on conflicts of jurisdiction between the supreme federal authorities;

K.

It rules on appeals by grace and makes an amnesty.

² The Federal Assembly also deals with all matters which fall within the competence of the Confederation and which do not fall within the scope of another federal authority.

³ The Act may give the Federal Assembly other duties and other powers.

The Federal Council is the supreme executive and executive authority of the Confederation.

¹ The Federal Council consists of seven members.

² The members of the Federal Council are elected by the Federal Assembly after each full renewal of the National Council.

³ They are appointed for four years and chosen from among the Swiss citizens eligible for the National Council. ¹

⁴ The various regions and linguistic communities must be equitably represented in the Federal Council. ²

¹ The President of the Federal Council is the President of the Confederation.

² For one year, the Federal Assembly elects one of the members of the Federal Council to the presidency of the Confederation and another to the Vice-Presidency of the Federal Council.

³ These mandates are not renewable for the following year. The outgoing President or President shall not be elected to the Vice-Chairperson.

¹ The Federal Council takes its decisions in collegial authority.

² For the preparation and execution of decisions, the cases of the Federal Council are divided among its members by department.

³ The regulation of cases may be entrusted to the departments or administrative units which are subordinate to them; the right of appeal must be guaranteed.

¹ The Federal Council governs the federal government. It shall ensure the rational organisation of the organisation and ensure the proper execution of the tasks entrusted to it.

² The federal government is divided into departments, each headed by a member of the Federal Council.

³ The law may entrust tasks of the administration to bodies and persons of public or private law who are outside the federal administration.

The Federal Chancellery is the staff of the Federal Council. It is headed by the Chancellor or Chancellor of the Confederation.

¹ The Federal Council determines the goals and means of its government policy. It plans and coordinates the activities of the State.

² It informs the public about its activity in good time and in detail, to the extent that there is no overriding public or private interest.

The Federal Council shall submit to the Federal Assembly projects relating to the acts of the Federal Council.

¹ The Federal Council shall lay down rules of law in the form of an order, to the extent permitted by the Constitution or by law.

² It ensures the implementation of the legislation, the orders of the Federal Assembly and the judgments of the federal judicial authorities.

¹ The Federal Council shall draw up the financial plan and the draft budget and establish the State Account.

² It ensures proper financial management.

¹ The Federal Council is responsible for foreign affairs subject to the participation rights of the Federal Assembly; it represents Switzerland abroad.

² He signs the treaties and ratifies them. He submitted them to the Federal Assembly for approval.

³ Where the safeguarding of the interests of the country so requires, the Federal Council may adopt the ordinances and make the necessary decisions. Orders must be limited in time.

¹ The Federal Council is taking action to safeguard the external security, independence and neutrality of Switzerland.

² It takes measures to preserve internal security.

³ It may rely directly on this section to make orders and make decisions for the purpose of dealing with an existing or imminent disorder that poses a serious threat to public order, external security or internal security. These orders must be limited in time.

⁴ In cases of emergency, he can raise troops. The Federal Assembly must be convened without delay if it sets up more than 4000 military personnel for the active service or is expected to last more than three weeks.

¹ The Federal Council is responsible for relations between the Confederation and the cantons and collaborates with the cantons.

² It approves the legislative acts of the cantons, where the execution of federal law requires it.

³ It may raise a complaint against the agreements which the cantons intend to conclude between them or abroad.

⁴ It ensures compliance with federal law, constitutions and cantonal conventions, and takes the necessary measures.

¹ The Federal Council also has the following tasks and competencies:

A.

To supervise the federal government and other bodies or persons entrusted with the tasks of the Confederation;

B.

Report regularly on its management and the state of the country to the Federal Assembly;

C.

Making appointments and elections that do not fall under another authority;

D.

Have recourse, to the extent that the law so provides.

² The Act may give the Federal Council other tasks and other powers.