Key Benefits:
Original text
(State on 10 June 2015)
The States Parties to this Convention,
Committed to work towards effective progress on the road to general and complete disarmament, including the prohibition and elimination of all types of weapons of mass destruction, and being convinced that the prohibition of The development, manufacture and stockpiling of chemical and bacteriological (biological) weapons and their destruction, through effective measures, will contribute to the achievement of general and complete disarmament under international control Strict and effective
Recognising the great importance of the Protocol on the Prohibition of Employment in the War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Similar Gases and of Bacteriological Means, signed at Geneva on 17 June 1925 2 , as well as the role that protocol played and continues to play in mitigating the horrors of war,
Reaffirming their fidelity to the principles and objectives of this Protocol and calling upon all States to comply strictly with them,
Recalling that the General Assembly of the United Nations has repeatedly condemned all acts contrary to the principles and objectives of the Geneva Protocol of 17 June 1925,
Wishing to contribute to building trust between peoples and to improve the overall health of the international atmosphere,
Also wishing to contribute to the achievement of the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations 3 ,
Convinced of the importance and urgency of excluding arsenals from States, through effective measures, of weapons of mass destruction as dangerous as those involving the use of chemical or bacteriological agents (biological),
Recognising that an agreement on the prohibition of bacteriological (biological) or toxin weapons represents a possible first step towards reaching an agreement on effective measures to prohibit also the development, The manufacture and stockpiling of chemical weapons, and being resolved to continue negotiations to that end,
Resolved, in the interests of all humanity, to completely exclude the possibility of bacteriological (biological) agents or toxins being used as weapons,
Convinced that the conscience of humanity would restore the use of such methods and that no effort should be spared to reduce that risk,
Agreed to the following:
Each State Party to this Convention undertakes not to, under any circumstances, develop, manufacture, store or otherwise acquire or maintain:
Each State Party to this Convention undertakes to destroy or convert for peaceful purposes, as soon as possible and in any case not later than nine months after the entry into force of the Convention, all agents, toxins, weapons, Equipment and vectors referred to in Article 1 of the Convention which are in its possession or under its jurisdiction or control. In carrying out the provisions of this Article, all necessary precautionary measures shall be taken to protect populations and the environment.
Each State Party to this Convention undertakes not to transfer to anyone, directly or indirectly, any of the agents, toxins, weapons, equipment or vehicles referred to in article 1 of the Convention and Not to assist, encourage or induce in any way a State, a group of States or an international organization to manufacture or otherwise acquire any of the said agents, toxins, weapons, equipment or means of delivery.
Each State Party to this Convention undertakes to take, in accordance with the procedures provided for in its Constitution, the measures necessary to prohibit and prevent the development, manufacture, stockpiling, acquisition or preservation of Agents, toxins, weapons, equipment and means of delivery referred to in article 1 of the Convention, within the territory of such a State, under its jurisdiction or under its control in any place.
The States Parties to this Convention undertake to consult and cooperate with each other in order to resolve any problems which may arise in relation to the objective of the Convention, or with regard to the application of its provisions. The consultations and cooperation provided for in this article may also be undertaken through appropriate international procedures within the framework of the United Nations and in accordance with its Charter.
(1) Each State Party to this Convention which finds that another party is in breach of the obligations under the provisions of the Convention may file a complaint with the Security Council of the United Nations. This complaint must provide all possible evidence of its validity and include the request for its consideration by the Security Council.
(2) Each State Party to this Convention undertakes to cooperate in any investigation that may be undertaken by the Security Council in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations following a complaint by the Security Council. The Security Council shall inform the States Parties to the Convention of the results of the investigation.
Each State Party to this Convention undertakes to provide assistance, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, to any Party to the Convention that so requests, if the Security Council decides that that Party has been exposed to danger As a result of a violation of the Convention, or to facilitate the assistance provided to that Party.
Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as restricting or diminishing in any way the commitments assumed by any State under the Protocol on the Prohibition of the Use of the Gas War Asphyxiating, toxic or similar, and bacteriological means, signed at Geneva on June 17, 1925.
Each State Party to this Convention affirms the recognized objective of an effective prohibition of chemical weapons and, to that end, undertakes to pursue, in a spirit of goodwill, negotiations in order to achieve, at an early date, a Agreement on effective measures for a ban on their development, manufacture and storage and for their destruction, and on appropriate measures relating to equipment and vectors specifically for use in Manufacturing or use of chemical agents for weapons purposes.
1. The States Parties to this Convention undertake to facilitate the widest possible exchange of equipment, materials and scientific and technical information relating to the use of biological bacteriological agents) and For peaceful purposes and have the right to participate in this exchange. The parties to the Convention who are in a position to do so will also cooperate by providing, individually or jointly, with other States or international organizations, their assistance in the future extension and application of discoveries Scientists in the field of bacteriology (biology), for the prevention of diseases or for other peaceful purposes.
2. This Convention shall be applied in such a way as to avoid any impediment to the economic or technical development of the States Parties to the Convention or to international cooperation in the field of peaceful bacteriological (biological) activities, Including the international exchange of bacteriological (biological) and toxin agents, as well as material for the development, use or production of biological (biological) agents and toxins for peaceful purposes In accordance with the provisions of the Convention.
Any State Party may propose amendments to this Convention. These amendments shall enter into force, with respect to any State Party which has accepted them, upon their acceptance by the majority of the States Parties to the Convention and, thereafter, with respect to each of the other States Parties, on the date on which that State Party State will have accepted them.
Five years after the entry into force of this Convention, or before that date if a majority of the parties to the Convention so request by submitting a proposal to that effect to the depositary Governments, a conference of the States Parties to the Convention Convention will be held in Geneva, Switzerland, in order to examine the functioning of the Convention, with a view to ensuring that the objectives set out in the preamble and the provisions of the Convention, including those relating to the negotiation of weapons Chemical, are in the process of being implemented. The review will take into account all new scientific and technical developments relevant to the Convention.
1. This Convention shall be concluded for an unlimited period.
(2) Each State Party to this Convention shall have, in the exercise of its national sovereignty, the right to withdraw from the Convention if it considers that extraordinary events relating to the object of the Convention have jeopardisen The country's superior. It will notify all other States parties to the Convention and the United Nations Security Council of this withdrawal with three months' notice. In this notification, it will indicate the extraordinary events that it considers to have jeopardisen its higher interests.
(1) This Convention shall be open for signature by all States. Any State which has not signed the Convention before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article may accede to it at any time.
2. This Convention shall be subject to ratification by the signatory States. Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which are Hereby designated as the Depositary Governments.
(3) This Convention shall enter into force when twenty-two Governments, including Governments which are designated as depositary Governments of the Convention, shall have deposited their instruments of ratification.
4. For States whose instruments of ratification or accession shall be deposited after the entry into force of this Convention, this Convention shall enter into force on the date of deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession.
(5) Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all States which have signed or acceded to this Convention of the date of each signature, of the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or accession, of the date of entry In force of this Convention, as well as the receipt of any other communication.
This Convention shall be registered by the Depositary Governments in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
This Convention, of which the English, Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments. Certified copies of the Convention shall be sent by the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the States which have signed or acceded to the Convention.
In times of what, The undersigned, duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Convention.
Done in three copies, in London, Moscow and Washington, on April 10, nine hundred and two.
(Suivent signatures)
States Parties |
Ratification Accession (A) Statement of Succession (S) |
Entry into force |
||
Afghanistan |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
South Africa |
3 November |
1975 |
3 November |
1975 |
Albania |
3 June |
1992 A |
3 June |
1992 |
Algeria |
28 September |
2001 A |
28 September |
2001 |
Germany |
7 April |
1983 |
7 April |
1983 |
Antigua and Barbuda |
29 January |
2003 |
29 January |
2003 |
Saudi Arabia |
24 May |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Argentina |
27 November |
1979 |
27 November |
1979 |
Armenia |
7 June |
1994 A |
7 June |
1994 |
Australia |
5 October |
1977 |
5 October |
1977 |
Austria * |
10 August |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Azerbaijan |
26 February |
2004 A |
26 February |
2004 |
Bahamas |
26 November |
1986 A |
26 November |
1986 |
Bahrain |
28 October |
1988 A |
28 October |
1988 |
Bangladesh |
12 March |
1985 A |
13 March |
1985 |
Barbados |
February 16 |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Belarus |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Belgium |
15 March |
1979 |
15 March |
1979 |
Belize |
20 October |
1986 S |
21 September |
1981 |
Benin |
April 25 |
1975 |
April 25 |
1975 |
Bhutan |
8 June |
1978 A |
8 June |
1978 |
Bolivia |
30 October |
1975 |
30 October |
1975 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
August 15 |
1994 S |
6 March |
1992 |
Botswana |
5 February |
1992 |
5 February |
1992 |
Brazil |
February 27 |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Brunei |
31 January |
1991 A |
31 January |
1991 |
Bulgaria |
2 August |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Burkina Faso |
April 17 |
1991 A |
April 17 |
1991 |
Burundi |
18 October |
2011 |
18 October |
2011 |
Cambodia |
March 9 |
1983 |
March 9 |
1983 |
Cameroon |
January 18 |
2013 A |
January 18 |
2013 |
Canada |
18 September |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Cape Verde |
20 October |
1977 A |
20 October |
1977 |
Chile |
22 April |
1980 |
22 April |
1980 |
China |
15 November |
1984 A |
15 November |
1984 |
Hong Kong |
20 June |
1997 |
26 March |
1975 |
Cyprus |
6 November |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Colombia |
19 December |
1983 |
19 December |
1983 |
Congo (Brazzaville) |
23 October |
1978 A |
23 October |
1978 |
Congo, Kinshasa |
16 September |
1975 |
16 September |
1975 |
Korea (North) |
13 March |
1987 A |
13 March |
1987 |
Korea (South) |
25 June |
1987 |
25 June |
1987 |
Costa Rica |
17 December |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Croatia |
28 April |
1993 S |
8 October |
1991 |
Cuba |
April 21 |
1976 |
April 21 |
1976 |
Denmark |
1 Er March |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
El Salvador |
31 December |
1991 |
31 December |
1991 |
United Arab Emirates |
19 June |
2008 |
19 June |
2008 |
Ecuador |
12 March |
1975 |
12 March |
1975 |
Spain |
20 June |
1979 |
20 June |
1979 |
Estonia |
7 June |
1993 A |
7 June |
1993 |
United States |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Ethiopia |
26 May |
1975 |
26 May |
1975 |
Fiji |
4 September |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Finland |
4 February |
1974 |
26 March |
1975 |
France |
27 September |
1984 A |
27 September |
1984 |
Gabon |
August 16 |
2007 |
August 16 |
2007 |
Gambia |
7 May |
1997 |
7 May |
1997 |
Georgia |
22 May |
1996 A |
22 May |
1996 |
Ghana |
6 June |
1975 |
6 June |
1975 |
Greece |
10 December |
1975 |
10 December |
1975 |
Grenada |
22 October |
1986 A |
22 October |
1986 |
Guatemala |
19 September |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Equatorial Guinea |
16 January |
1989 A |
16 January |
1989 |
Guinea-Bissau |
August 20 |
1976 A |
August 20 |
1976 |
Guyana |
26 March |
2013 |
26 March |
2013 |
Honduras |
March 14 |
1979 |
March 14 |
1979 |
Hungary |
27 December |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Cook Islands |
4 December |
2008 A |
4 December |
2008 |
Marshall Islands |
15 November |
2012 A |
15 November |
2012 |
India |
July 15 |
1974 |
26 March |
1975 |
Indonesia |
19 February |
1992 |
19 February |
1992 |
Iran |
22 August |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Ireland |
27 October |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Iceland |
February 15 |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Italy |
30 May |
1975 |
30 May |
1975 |
Jamaica |
13 August |
1975 A |
13 August |
1975 |
Japan |
8 June |
1982 |
8 June |
1982 |
Jordan |
30 May |
1975 |
30 May |
1975 |
Kazakhstan |
15 June |
2007 A |
15 June |
2007 |
Kenya |
7 January |
1976 A |
7 January |
1976 |
Kuwait |
18 July |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Laos |
20 March |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Lesotho |
September 6 |
1977 |
September 6 |
1977 |
Latvia |
February 6 |
1997 A |
February 6 |
1997 |
Lebanon |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Libya |
19 January |
1982 A |
19 January |
1982 |
Liechtenstein |
30 May |
1991 A |
30 May |
1991 |
Lithuania |
10 February |
1998 A |
10 February |
1998 |
Luxembourg |
23 March |
1976 |
23 March |
1976 |
Macedonia |
26 December |
1996 S |
September 17 |
1991 |
Madagascar |
7 March |
2008 |
7 March |
2008 |
Malaysia |
September 6 |
1991 |
September 6 |
1991 |
Malawi |
2 April |
2013 |
2 April |
2013 |
Maldives |
1 Er July |
1993 A |
1 Er July |
1993 |
Mali |
25 November |
2002 |
25 November |
2002 |
Malta |
7 April |
1975 |
7 April |
1975 |
Morocco |
21 March |
2002 |
21 March |
2002 |
Mauritius |
7 August |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Mauritania |
28 January |
2015 A |
28 January |
2015 |
Mexico |
April 8 |
1974 |
26 March |
1975 |
Moldova |
28 January |
2005 A |
28 January |
2005 |
Monaco |
April 30 |
1999 A |
April 30 |
1999 |
Mongolia |
September 5 |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Montenegro |
9 January |
2007 S |
3 June |
2006 |
Mozambique |
March 29 |
2011 A |
March 29 |
2011 |
Myanmar |
1 Er December |
2014 |
1 Er December |
2014 |
Nauru |
March 5 |
2013 A |
March 5 |
2013 |
Nicaragua |
7 August |
1975 |
7 August |
1975 |
Niger |
23 June |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Nigeria |
3 July |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Norway |
1 Er August |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
New Zealand |
13 December |
1972 |
26 March |
1975 |
Oman |
March 31 |
1992 A |
March 31 |
1992 |
Uganda |
12 May |
1992 A |
12 May |
1992 |
Uzbekistan |
2 January |
1996 A |
2 January |
1996 |
Pakistan |
September 25 |
1974 |
26 March |
1975 |
Palau |
20 February |
2003 A |
20 February |
2003 |
Panama |
20 March |
1974 |
26 March |
1975 |
Papua New Guinea |
27 October |
1980 A |
27 October |
1980 |
Paraguay |
9 June |
1976 A |
9 June |
1976 |
Netherlands |
22 June |
1981 |
22 June |
1981 |
Aruba |
1 Er January |
1986 |
22 June |
1981 |
Curaçao |
22 June |
1981 |
22 June |
1981 |
Caribbean (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba) |
22 June |
1981 |
22 June |
1981 |
Sint Maarten |
22 June |
1981 |
22 June |
1981 |
Peru |
5 June |
1985 |
5 June |
1985 |
Philippines |
21 May |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Poland |
25 January |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Portugal |
15 May |
1975 |
15 May |
1975 |
Qatar |
April 17 |
1975 |
April 17 |
1975 |
Dominican Republic |
23 February |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Czech Republic |
24 March |
1993 S |
1 Er January |
1993 |
Romania |
July 25 |
1979 |
26 July |
1979 |
United Kingdom |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
New Hebrides (French-British condominium) |
26 March |
1975 A |
26 March |
1975 |
Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom |
26 March |
1975 A |
26 March |
1975 |
Russia |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Rwanda |
20 May |
1975 |
20 May |
1975 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis |
2 April |
1991 A |
2 April |
1991 |
Saint Lucia |
26 November |
1986 S |
22 February |
1979 |
San Marino |
March 11 |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Holy See |
7 January |
2002 A |
7 January |
2002 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
13 May |
1999 S |
27 October |
1979 |
Solomon Islands |
17 June |
1981 S |
7 July |
1978 |
Sao Tome and Principe |
August 24 |
1979 A |
August 24 |
1979 |
Senegal |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Serbia |
13 June |
2001 S |
April 27 |
1992 |
Seychelles |
11 October |
1979 A |
11 October |
1979 |
Sierra Leone |
29 June |
1976 |
29 June |
1976 |
Singapore |
2 December |
1975 |
2 December |
1975 |
Slovakia |
17 May |
1993 S |
1 Er January |
1993 |
Slovenia |
7 April |
1992 S |
25 June |
1991 |
Sudan |
17 October |
2003 A |
17 October |
2003 |
Sri Lanka |
18 November |
1986 |
18 November |
1986 |
Sweden |
5 February |
1976 |
5 February |
1976 |
Switzerland * |
4 May |
1976 |
4 May |
1976 |
Suriname |
6 January |
1993 A |
6 January |
1993 |
Swaziland |
18 June |
1991 A |
18 June |
1991 |
Tajikistan |
27 June |
2005 |
27 June |
2005 |
Taiwan (Chinese Taipei) |
February 9 |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Thailand |
28 May |
1975 |
28 May |
1975 |
Timor-Leste |
5 May |
2003 A |
5 May |
2003 |
Togo |
10 November |
1976 |
10 November |
1976 |
Tonga |
28 September |
1976 A |
28 September |
1976 |
Trinidad and Tobago |
19 July |
2007 A |
19 July |
2007 |
Tunisia |
18 May |
1973 |
26 March |
1975 |
Turkmenistan |
11 January |
1996 A |
11 January |
1996 |
Turkey |
25 October |
1974 |
26 March |
1975 |
Ukraine |
26 March |
1975 |
26 March |
1975 |
Uruguay |
April 6 |
1981 A |
April 6 |
1981 |
Venezuela |
18 October |
1978 |
18 October |
1978 |
Vietnam |
20 June |
1980 A |
20 June |
1980 |
Yemen |
1 Er June |
1979 |
1 Er June |
1979 |
Zambia |
15 January |
2008 A |
15 January |
2008 |
Zimbabwe |
5 November |
1990 A |
5 November |
1990 |
|
In view of the obligations arising from its perpetually neutral status, the Republic of Austria reserves the reservation that its cooperation in the framework of this Convention cannot go beyond the limits determined by the status of neutrality And as a member of the United Nations.
This reservation specifically refers to Article VII of the Convention and any similar provision which could replace or supplement this provision.
1. Because the Convention also applies to weapons, equipment or means of delivery for the use of biological agents or toxins, the delimitation of its scope may give rise to difficulties, given that there are hardly any weapons, Typical equipment or vectors for this job. Switzerland therefore reserves the right to decide which ancillary means fall under this definition.
2. Because of the obligations resulting from its perpetually neutral status, Switzerland is bound to make the general reservation that its cooperation in the framework of this Convention cannot go beyond what it imposes on it. This reservation specifically refers to Article VII of the Convention and any similar provision which could replace or supplement this provision in the Convention (or in another arrangement).
1 RO 1976 1429
2 RS 0.515.105
3 RS 0.120
4 RO 1976 1444, 1979 956, 1981 80, 1982 1316, 1983 1196, 1985 747, 1987 872, 1991 1031, 2004 1381, 2007 4771, 2008 3755, 2011 3549, 2015 2129. A version of the updated scope of application is published on the DFAE website (www.dfae.admin.ch/traites).