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Order Of July 6, 1984 By The Technical Instructions Accompanying The Regulation On Technical Conditions And Security Guarantees In Power Plants, Substations And Transformation Centers Are Approved.

Original Language Title: Orden de 6 de julio de 1984 por la que se aprueban las Instrucciones Técnicas complementarias del Reglamento sobre Condiciones Técnicas y Garantías de Seguridad en Centrales Eléctricas, Subestaciones y Centros de Transformación.

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Royal Decree 3275/1982 of 12 November, approving the Regulation on Technical Conditions and Safety Guarantees in Electrical Central, substations and processing centres, empowers the Ministry of Industry and Energy to issue the accompanying technical instructions and other precise provisions for their development and implementation.

The following technical instructions have been drawn up for these purposes, which include the technical regulations which are currently considered to be applicable to electrical installations which are refers to the regulation.

In its virtue, this Ministry has arranged:

First.-The complementary technical instructions called MIE-RAT are approved, which are included as an annex to this Ministerial Order.

TRANSIENT ARRANGEMENT.

The determination by calculation of the voltages of step and contact (point 1.1 of the RAT 13) in the third category installations, after measurement of the resistivity of the ground and the resistance to the ground, is authorized during a the period of eighteen months, counted from the entry into force of this Order.

Madrid, July 6, 1984.-SOLCHAGA CATALAN.

ANNEX TO THE APPOINTMENT OF THE COMPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS MIE-RAT, APPROVED.

MIEe RAT 01 "TERMINOLOGIIA".

MIE RAT 02 " MANDATORY STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIVE SHEETS.

MIE RAT 03 " TYPE APPROVAL OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLACIOPNES.

MIE RAT 04 "NOMINAL VOLTAGES".

MIE RAT 05 "ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS".

MIE RAT 06 "CIRCUIT MANOEUVRING DEVICES".

MIE RAT 07 "POWER TRANSFORMERS AND AUTOTRANSFORMERS".

WED RAT 08 "MEASURE AND PROTECTION TRANSFORMERS"

MIE RAT 09 "PROTECTIONS".

Wed rat 10 "CONTROL BOXES AND DESKS".

MIE RAT 11 "ACCUMULATOR FACILITIES".

WED RAT 12 "ISOLATION".

WED RAT 13 "GROUNDING FACILITIES".

MIE RAT 14 "INDOOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS".

MIE RAT 16 "INSTALLATIONS UNDER METAL WRAP UP TO 75.5 KV:PREFABRICATED ASSEMBLIES".

MIE RAT 17 "INSTALLATIONS UNDER INSULATING ENVELOPE UP TO 36 KV: PREFABRICATED ASSEMBLIES".

MIE RAT 18 " INSTALLATIONS UNDER METALLIC ENVELOPE HASTAa 75,5 K V OR HIGHER, ISOLATED WITH SULPHUR HEXAFLORIDE (SF6).

WED RAT 19 " PRIVATE FACILITIES CONNECTED TO PUBLIC SERVICE NETWORKS.

MIE RAT 20 "PROJECTS AND PROJECTS".

SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS (MIE-RAT) OF THE REGULATION ON TECHNICAL CONDITIONS AND SAFETY GUARANTEES IN POWER PLANTS, SUBSTATIONS AND PROCESSING CENTRES.

Mie-rat Complementary Technical Instruction. 01. "TERMINOLOGY".

This instruction sets out the most general terms used in this Regulation and in its accompanying instructions. the definitions set out for these terms in the UNE rules have been followed as far as possible.

HIGH TENSION

It is considered high voltage all voltage nominala greater than 1 KV.

REMOVABLE appliance.

Apparatus that has connection devices that allow, under tension but without load, to separate it from the set of the installation and to place them and a security position in which its High Tension circuits remain without tension.

FREE-FIRED CONNECTION MECHANICAL APPARATUS.

Mechanical and connecting apparatus whose mobile contacts return to the open position and remain in the open position when the opening maneuver is ordered, even once the closing maneuver is initiated and the closure order is maintained.

Note: In order to ensure a correct interruption of the current that may have been established, it may be necessary for the contacts to reach the closed position momentarily.

SELF-EXTINGUISHING.

Quality of a material that, under the conditions established by the corresponding standard, stops burning when the external cause that caused the combustion ceases.

AUTOSECINATOR.

An apparatus that automatically opens a circuit under predetermined conditions, when the circuit is without tension.

CHANNELING OR DRIVING.

A set consisting of one or more electrical conductors, by the elements which set them and by their mechanical protection, if any.

CENTRAL ELECTRICAL.

Place and set of facilities, including the buildings of civil works and buildings necessary, directly or indirectly used for the production of electrical energy.

TRANSFORMATION CENTER.

Installation provided with one or more High-to-Low-Tension reducers with the required aparamenta and complementary work.

SUCCESS.

A set of electrical materials (conductors, shawers, etc.) fed by the same energy source and protected against over-intensities by the same or the same protective devices. the circuits which are part of the apparatus of use or receivers are not included in this definition.

FAULT-TO-GROUND RATIO.

The lack-to-ground coefficient at a point P of a three-phase installation is the Upf/Up ratio being upf the effective tension between a healthy phase P and ground during a ground fault, and up the effective tension between any Point p and land phase in the absence of fault.

The Upf and Up 1c stresses will be at the industrial frequency.

The above ground fault can affect one or more phases at any point in the network.

The coefficient of ground fault at one point is, therefore, a numerical ratio higher than the unit that characterises, in a general way, the conditions of grounding of the system neutral from the point of view of the site considered, regardless of the particular value of the operating voltage at this point.

The ground-fault coefficients can be calculated from the values of the network impedance in the system of symmetric components, seen from the point considered and taken for the rotating machines. subtransients.

When for whatever the exploitation scheme, the homopolar reactance is less than the riple of the direct reactance and the homopolar resistance does not exceed the direct reactance, the coefficient of lack to earth does not exceed 1.4.

Active drivers.

In all installations, they are considered as active drivers for the transmission of electrical energy.

This consideration applies to phase drivers and the neutral driver.

EQUIPOTENTIAL connection.

A connection that connects two conductive parts so that the current that can pass through it does not produce a difference of sensitive potential between the two.

DEFECT OR MISSING STREAM.

Stream circulating due to an isolation defect.

Defect current to ground.

It is the current that in case of a single point of defect to outlier, it is derived by the cited point from the cited point from the circuit eriado to earth or to parts connected to earth.

grounding stream.

It is the total current that is grounded is the part of the defect current that causes the elevation of potential of a grounding installation.

OMNIPOLAR CUT.

Court of all active drivers of the same circuit.

DEFECT TO LAND (OR TO MASS).

Isolation defect between a conductor and ground (or mass).

FREE DEFECT.

Accidental connection, of negligible impedance, between two or more points with different potential.

ANTIPUMPING device.

Device that prevents a new shutdown immediately after a reopening maneuver while maintaining the shutdown order.

EARTH ELECTRODE.

Conductor, or set of conductors, buried that serve to establish a grounded connection. Non-insulated conductors, placed in contact with ground for connection to the electrical, shall be considered as part of this.

INSTALLATION OF LAND.

It is the set formed by electrodes and ground lines of an electrical installation.

GENERAL LAND INSTALLATION.

This is the installation of land resulting from the interconnection of all the protection and service ground of a facility.

EARTH INSTALLATIONS INDEXES.

Two ground installations are considered independent of each other when they have earth electrodes by one of them, the other does not acquire a voltage greater than 50 V. from a reference earth.

SEPARATE GROUND INSTALLATION.

Two ground installations are called separate when you find out their electrodes there is no direct specific connection.

ELECTRIC INSTALLATION.

Set of apparatus and associated circuits, intended for a particular purpose: production, conversion, transformation, transmission, distribution or use of electrical energy.

EXTERIOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION.

Electrical installation exposed to weathering.

INDOOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION.

Electrical installation performed inside a local that protects against weathering.

PRIVATE INSTALLATION.

It is the estimated installation, by a single user, of the production or use of the electrical energy in premises or sites of its exclusive use.

SWITCH.

Apparatus equipped with cutting power, intended to perform the opening and closing of a circuit, which has, two positions in which it can remain in the absence of external action and which correspond, one to the opening and the other to the circuit closure.

AUTOMATIC SWITCH.

Switch able to set, maintain and interrupt the intensity of the service current, or to automatically interrupt or set, in predetermined conditions, abnormally high current intensities, such as as the short circuit currents.

AUTOMATIC OPENING SWITCH.

Switch in which the opening of the circuit occurs automatically in predetermined conditions.

LINK LINE WITH THE GROUND ELECTRODE.

When there is a grounding point, the line part of the line, of land between the grounding point and the electrode, is called the earth electrode, provided the driver is out of the ground or placed in isolation.

LAND LINE.

It is the conductor or set of conductors that joins the ground electrode with a part of the installation that is to be grounded, as long as the conductors are off the ground or placed in the ground but isolated from it.

MASA OF AN APPARATUS.

A set of metal parts of an apparatus that under normal conditions are isolated from the active parts.

NOMINAL ISOLATION LEVEL.

A) for materials whose highest voltage for the matter is less than 300kv the isolation level is defined by the nominal supported stresses at short duration industrial frequency.

B) for materials whose highest voltage for the material is equal to or greater than 300 kv the level of insulation is defined by the nominal supported stresses to the maneuver and lightning type pulses.

NOT PROPAGATION OF THE FLAME.

Quality of a material by which it stops burning as soon as the heat generated by its combustion ceases to be applied.

PUTTING OR CONNECTING TO MASS.

Electrically attach a conductor to the frame of a machine or a metal mass.

PUT OR CONNECT TO LAND.

Electrically bonding a part of the electrical circuit or a non-conductive part thereof by means of the ground installation.

GROUNDING OF PROTECTION.

It is the direct to ground connection of the conductive parts of the elements of an installation not normally subjected to electrical voltage, but which could be put in stress by breakdowns or accidental contacts, protect people against contacts with dangerous tensions.

GROUNDING OF SERVICE.

It is the connection that is intended to temporarily attach part of the facilities that are normally under stress or permanently certain points of the electrical circuits of service.

THESE GROUNDING CAN BE:

-Directs; when they do not contain another existence that the one from step to earth.

-Indirect; when performed through additional resistances or impedances.

POINT TO ZERO POTENTIAL.

Ground point at such a distance from the ground installation, that the voltage gradient at that point is negligible, when a defect current passes through the installation.

GROUNDING POINT.

It is a point generally located off the ground, which serves as a union of the ground lines with the electrode, directly or through lines of link with it.

NEUTRAL POINT.

It is the point of a polyphase system that in the intended operating conditions, presents the same difference of potential in relation to each of the poles or phases of the system.

COMPENSATED NETWORK BY EXTINCTION COIL.

A network whose neutral is attached to earth by means of a coil whose reactance is of such a value that in case of a lack between a phase of the net and earth, the current inductive to the fundamental frequency that circulates between the fault and the The coil essentially neutralizes the capacitive component to the fundamental frequency of the fault current.

RED WITH NEUTRAL NEUTRAL.

Network devoid of intentional grounding, except for devices of indication, measurement or protection, of very high impedance.

AUTOMATIC REENGAGEMENT.

A sequence of maneuvers by which a mechanical connection device is automatically closed after a predetermined time.

GLOBAL OR TOTAL RESISTANCE TO LAND.

It's the resistance between a driver grounded and a zero potential point.

SECTIONER.

A mechanical connection device which, for safety reasons, in an open position, ensures a sectioning distance that satisfies specified conditions.

Note; a sectionator is capable of opening and closing a circuit when the current is negligible to interrupt or to establish, or when no appreciable change of tension occurs in the bornes of each of the poles of the sectionator. is also capable of supporting passing currents in normal circuit conditions, as well as for a specified time in abnormal conditions, such as short circuit conditions.

SURGE.

Abnormal voltage between two points of an electrical installation, greater than the maximum value that can exist between them in normal service.

TEMPORARY SURGE.

It is the over-tension between phase and earth or between phases in a determined place of the network, of relatively long duration and which is not buffered, or is only weakly.

MANEUVER TYPE OVERVOLTAGE.

It is the over-voltage between phase and earth or between phases at a given place of the network due to an atmospheric discharge or other cause and whose form can be assimilated, as regards the coordination of isolation, to that of the impulses Standard used for lightning-type impulse tests.

LIGHTNING-TYPE SURGE. It is the over-voltage between phase and earth or between phases at a certain location the network due to an atmospheric discharge or other cause and whose form can be found, as regards the coordination of isolation, to that of the standard pulses used for manoeuvre-type impulse tests. SUBESTATION.

Set in the same place, of the electrical apparatus and of the buildings necessary for any of the following functions: transformation of the voltage, of the frequency, of the number of phases, rectification, compensation of the power factor and connection of two or more circuits.

Transform centers are excluded from this definition.

MANEUVER SUBSTATION.

It is intended for connection between two or more circuits and their maneuver.

TRANSFORMATION SSUBSTATION.

It is intended for the transformation of electrical energy by one or more transformers whose secondary is used in the feeding of other substations or centers of transformation.

TENSION.

Potential difference between two points. In the case of alternating current systems, it shall be expressed as effective, unless otherwise specified.

EARTH OR EARTH-RELATED TENSION.

It is the tension between a driving element and the earth.

-In three-phase installations with neutral non-attached directly to the ground, the tension between phases shall be considered to be ground tension.

-In three-phase installations with neutral ground directly attached is the phase-neutral tension.

GROUND TENSION TRANSFERRED.

It is the step or contact voltage that can appear in a location that is transmitted by a metal element from a remote land installation.

APPLIED CONTACT VOLTAGE.

It is the part of the contact tension that is directly applied between two points of the human body, considering all the resistance that is involved in the circuit and styling that of the human body in 1000 ohms.

DEFECT VOLTAGE.

Voltage that appears due to an isolation defect, between two masses, between a mass and a conductive element, or between a mass and a ground.

STEP Tension.

It is the part of the step tension that is directly applied between the feet of a man, taking into account all the resistance that is involved in the circuit and the human body being estimated in 1000 ohms.

GROUNDING TENSION.

Voltage that appears due to an isolation defect, between a mass and a land (see defect voltage).

SERVICE TENSION.

It is the value of the voltage actually existing at any point in a given installation at a given time.

SUPPLY VOLTAGE.

Is the value or values of the voltage that are contained in the contracts that are established with the users and that serve as a reference for the verification of the regularity in the supply. The supply voltage may have several distinct values, in the various sectors of the same network, depending on the situation of these and other circumstances.

HIGHER VOLTAGE OF A THREE-PHASE NETWORK.

It is the highest value of the voltage between phases, which can be presented in an instant and at any point in the network, under normal operating conditions. This value does not take into account the transitional variations (e.g. manoeuvres in the network) and the temporary variations in tension due to abnormal network conditions (e.g. breakdowns or sharp connections of important loads).

HIGHER TENSION FOR THE MATERIAL (Um).

It is the highest value of the voltage between phases for which the material is specified in terms of its isolation, as well as other characteristics related to this tension in the proposed rules for each material.

NOMINAL VOLTAGE.

Conventional value of the voltage with which it is called a system or installation and for which its operation and isolation has been foreseen.

The nominal voltage expressed in kilovolts is designated in this Regulation by a.

NOMINAL VOLTAGE OF A THREE-PHASE NETWORK.

It is the value of the stress between phases by which the network is called, and to which certain service characteristics of the network relate.

NOMINAL VOLTAGE FOR THE MATERIAL.

This is the highest voltage for the material assigned by the manufacturer.

VOLTAGE SUPPORTED.

It is the value of the specified voltage, which an insulation must withstand without drilling or contouring, under pre-established test conditions.

Conventional supported voltage at maneuver-type or lightning-type impulses.

It is the crest value of an overvoltage type of maneuver or type of lightning applied during a pulse test, for which an isolation must not present any disruptive discharge when it is subjected to a specified number of pulses of this value under conditions specified in the test standard.

This concept applies in particular to non-self-regenerating isolations.

NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE TO THE MANEUVER-TYPE OR LIGHTNING-TYPE IMPULSES.

It is the value of the crest of the voltage supported to the maneuver type impulses or type of lightning prescribed for a material, which characterizes the isolation of this material in relation to the stress tests supported.

NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE AT INDUSTRIAL FREQUENCY.

It is the highest effective value of a sinusoidal alternating voltage at industrial frequency, that the material considered must be capable of supporting without perforation or contouring during the tests performed under the conditions specified.

LAND.

It is the conductive mass of the earth, or every driver attached to it by a despicable impendence.

TRANSFORMER FOR DISTRIBUTION.

It is the one that transforms a system of high voltage currents into another in low voltage.

PROTECTION ZONE.

It is the space between the limits of the accessible places, on the one hand, and the elements that are under tension, on the other.

MIE-RAT 02 SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION: "MANDATORY STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIVE SHEETS".

INDEX.

1. RULES OF MANDATORY COMPLIANCE.

2. CLARIFYING PROVISIONS.

1. Rules of mandatory compliance.

Within the scope of the Regulation on Technical Conditions and Safety Guarantees in Electrical Central, Substations and Transformation Centers, approved by Royal Decree 3275/1982 of 12 November, and in accordance with the specified in Royal Decree 2584/1981 approving the general regulation of the actions of the Ministry of Industry and Energy in the field of standardization and type-approval, may be declared mandatory, total or partially, standards, European standards (EN) or harmonisation documents (HD) of the European Committee of Electrical Standardisation (CENELEC) or Publications of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for the following reasons:

A) For reasons of safety of persons or things at the initiative of the management centre of the Ministry of Industry and Energy competent in the field of Industrial Safety or at the request of the competent bodies of the Communities Autonomous.

B) For reasons of quality of the Electrical Service at the initiative of the General Energy Directorate of the Ministry of Industry and Energy or at the request of the competent bodies of the Autonomous Communities.

C) By international agreements.

(D) For the above reasons or for other economic reasons related to the manufacture of materials and equipment, at the request of electrical undertakings or manufacturers and installers, by entities or associations of consumers or users, or by a natural or legal person concerned, with a favourable report from the responsible Directorates-General.

When a rule or part of it is declared as binding and compliance, it shall be included in the list annexed to this Instruction and shall also be indicated in the texts of the Instructions Affected.

2. Clarifying provisions.

In accordance with the second article of Royal Decree 3275/1982 of 12 November, the Ministry of Industry and Energy may issue the Ministerial Orders or the clarification, extension or supplementary resolutions on the Complementary Technical Instructions (MIE-RAT) of the Regulation which it considers appropriate to facilitate the correct application of them.

ANNEX RAT 02.

RELATIONSHIP OF RULES-UNE-WHICH ARE DECLARED TO BE ENFORCED.

Une 20 004 76 (0) -Symbols (graphic literals) and schemes used in electrotechnics. Alphabetical index.

Joins 20 004 74 (1) -Symbols (graphic literals) and schematics in electrotechnics. Literal symbols.

Joins 20 004 68 (2) -Symbols (literals and graphics), and schemes in electrotechnics, stream nature, distribution systems, connection modes, and circuit elements.

Une 20 004 68 (3) -Symbols (literals and graphics) and schemes in electrotechnics, machines, transformers, batteries.

Joins 20 00j 73 (6) -Symbols (literals and charts) and schemes in electrotechnics. power stations, substations, transport and distribution lines.

Une 20 099 74-High voltage, low-voltage, metal-wrap.

Unites 20 100 80-High voltage AC sectioners and grounding dryers.

Joins 20 101 81 (1) 1R -Power Transformers. generalities.

Une 20 101 81 (2) 1R-Power transformers. heating.

Une 20 101 82 (4) 1R-Power transformers. takes and connections.

Une 20 101 82 (5) 1R-Power transformers. fitness to support cutouts.

UNE 20 104 75.-AC switches for high voltage.

UNE 20 104 75 1C.AC Interruptors for high voltage. Tests for the verification of the cutting power for single battery of capacitors.

UNE 20 104 75 2C.AC Interruptors for high voltage. Tests for the verification of the cutting power for empty lines.

UNE 20 104 75 3C.-AC switches for high voltage. Tests for the verification of the power of cutting for empty cables.

UNE 20 104 80 4C.-AC switches for high voltage. New definitions, tables and tests.

UNE 20 138 76.-Triphasic transformers in oil bath for low voltage distribution.

UNE 20 141 76.-High-voltage metal surround apparatus for nominal voltages of 72.5 kv and higher.

UNE 20 324 78 18.-Classification of the degrees of protection provided by the envelopes.

UNE 21 062 80 (1) 18.-Isolation coordination. terms, definitions, principles and rules.

UNE 21 062 80 (2) 18.Coordination of isolation. Application Guide.

UNE 21 087 70.-Variable resistance lightning rods.

UNE 21 087 81 (1).-Variable resistance lightning rods. application guide.

UNE 21 088 81 (1).-Measure and protection lightning rods. Intensity transformers.

UNE 21 088 81 (2).-Measure and protection transformers. Voltage transformers.

UNE 21 110 74 (1)-Support insulators for interior and exterior of ceramic or glass materials for nominal voltage installations, exceeding 1000 v. definitions and tests.

UNE 21 110 83 (2).-Dimensions of support insulators and support, interior and exterior elements for rated voltage installations exceeding 100 v.

UNE 21 308 76 (1) 1R.-High voltage tests. Definitions and general requirements for testing.

UNE 21 308 76 (2) 1R.-High voltage tests. Test methods.

UNE 21 308 77 (3) 1R.-High voltage tests. measuring devices.

UNE 21 308 81 (4).-High voltage tests. application guide for measuring devices.

SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION WED-RAT 03: " APPROVAL OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS.

INDEX 1.

1. GENERALTIES.

1. GENERALTIES.

When the Ministry of Industry and Energy considers it necessary or appropriate, it may establish the type-approval of a type of machine or apparatus for use in high-voltage installations.

This type-approval implies the official recognition that the said machine or apparatus complies with the provisions of this Regulation or in a rule related thereto.

The approval may be established at the initiative of the Ministry of Industry and Energy, or at the request of other administrative bodies, Associations, Entities or Parties.

The approval shall be established by means of a provision which shall regulate the machinery or apparatus concerned and the technical requirements required.

Mie-rat 04 Complementary Technical Instruction: "Nominal Tensions".

INDEX.

1. NORMALIZED NOMINAL VOLTAGES.

2. NON-STANDARD NOMINAL VOLTAGES.

1. NORMALIZED NOMINAL VOLTAGES.

Normalized nominal voltages are indicated in the table below.

NOMINAL NETWORK VOLTAGE (A) KV * HIGHER VOLTAGE FOR MATERIAL (Um) kV *

3 * 3.6 *

6 * 7.2 *

10 * 12 *

15 * 17.5 *

20 x * 24 *

30 * 36 *

45 * 52 *

66 x * 72.5 *

110 * 123 *

132 x * 145 *

220 x * 245 *

380 x * 420 *

(x) Preferential use tensions in public distribution networks.

2. NON-STANDARD NOMINAL VOLTAGES.

There are, in the National Territory, extensive networks at nominal voltages different from those which, as normalised, are mentioned in the previous section, their use is supported within the systems to which they correspond.

MIE-RAT 05 SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION: "ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS".

INDEX.

1. LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS BEING CONSIDERED AS HIGH VOLTAGE.

2. CIRCUIT SEPARATION.

3. electrical conductors.

4. CONEXIONS.

5. CANALIZATIONS.

5.1 Canalizations with naked drivers.

5.2 Canalizations with insulated conductors.

6. PERMISSIBLE INTENSITIES FOR DRIVERS.

1. LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS CONSIDERED AS HIGH VOLTAGE.

All low-voltage non-ground circuits, which are in contact with high voltage machines and apparatus, or which are very close to other high voltage circuits, should be considered for the purpose of their disposal. and service, as if they were themselves elements of high tension. Except for this prescription, the low voltage circuits close to other high voltage circuits shall be adequately protected so that they do not reach dangerous voltages.

In special cases where the direct grounding of the low voltage circuits is not convenient, it can be replaced by the connection through a suitable charger.

2. CIRCUIT SEPARATION.

Circuits corresponding to different and different classes of current, must be separated from each other and arranged so that the risks to people and things are minimised.

3. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS.

The conductors may be of any metallic material that allows to construct cables or profiles of suitable characteristics for its purpose, and must also present resistance to corrosion.

Drivers may be used as naked or coated with appropriate insulating materials.

4. CONEXIONS.

The connections of the conductors to the devices, as well as the joints between conductors, must be carried out by means of suitable devices, in such a way that they do not significantly increase the electrical resistance of the conductor.

The connection and splicing devices shall be designed, and shall be such as to avoid electrolytic effects if they are to be feared, and the necessary precautions shall be taken to ensure that the surfaces in contact are not affected. deterioration that damages the necessary mechanical strength.

In these devices, as well as in the insulators, it will be sought to avoid, or at least to minimize, the possible losses by hysteresis and by currents of foucault, when establishing closed circuits of magnetic materials around the driver.

5. CANALIZATIONS.

The electrical power conductors inside the installation enclosure are considered to be divided into low voltage and high voltage pipes or pipes. The first must be arranged and made in accordance with the Electrotechnical Regulation for Low Tension.

As for the latter, account will be taken of the danger of fire, its spread and consequences, in the provision of channels, in order to minimise its risks by adopting the measures which The following are indicated:

-Pipelines or pipes shall not be available on non-self-demanding combustible materials, nor shall they be covered by them.

-The outer coverings of the cables must be difficult to inflame.

-The auxiliary cables of measurement, control, etc., shall be maintained, whenever possible, separated from the cables with service voltages greater than 1 KV or must be protected by separation partitions or inside Metal pipes or pipes placed on the ground.

-The underground galleries, sunsets, ditches, and pipes to accommodate conductors must be wide and with slight inclination towards the points of water collection, or they will be equipped with drainage tubes.

5.1 Canalizations with naked drivers.

Pipes made with naked conductors on support insulators shall be designed taking into account the following:

-Nominal tension between conductors and between these and earth.

-Expected isolation level.

-Degree and type of environmental contamination.

-Eligible intensities.

-Mechanical design of the installation under the effects of the dynamic efforts derived from the short circuit.

-The resulting metal field when it can affect metal elements located in the vicinity of the pipeline.

In processing centres, if not expressly justified, the mechanical strength of the conductors must be verified, in the event of a short circuit, which:

Formula omitted.

In any case, the minimum diameter of the copper conductors of 0,8 cm. for different materials or profiles, the conductors shall not have a higher electrical resistance nor a lower mechanical rigidity than the corresponding to the copper rod of 0,8 in diameter.

5.2 Canalizations with insulated conductors.

In the design of these channelings the following must be taken into account:

Nominal voltage between conductors and between these and earth.

-Expected isolation level.

-Allowable intensity.

-Heat-Disipation.

-Protection against mechanical actions (hits, rodents and others).

-Radios of curvature permissible by the conductors.

-Short circuit intensity.

-Corrosion currents when there is metal wrapped.

-Vibrations.

-Propagation of fire.

-Radiation (solar, ionising and other).

5.2.1 INSULATED CABLES.

The insulated cables may be thermoplastic or thermostable dry insulation, impregnated paper, fluid oil, and others.

The installation of these isolated cables may be:

A) Directly buried in open ditch on the ground with bed and sand filling properly prepared. A continuous line of bricks or chairs on top of the cable shall be provided as a means of mechanical protection.

When the route runs through areas of free access to the public, a signalling tape with the indication of A.T. shall also be available.

B) In concrete, cement or fibercement, plastic or metallic tubes, duly buried in ditches.

C) In reviewable sunsets or channels, with a water evacuation system when in the open. This type of channel cannot be used in the areas of free access to the public.

D) In trays, supports, pallets or directly attached to the wall, adopting appropriate mechanical protection when running through areas accessible to persons or vehicles.

E) Collivers of wire ropes, situated at a height which allows, where necessary, the free movement without danger of persons or vehicles, the maximum permissible gauge being compulsory.

When any of these pipes pass through walls, walls, partitions or any other element that delimits fire protection sections, it shall be so that the closure obtained is a resistance to the fire. equivalent.

The cables will be placed so that their functional properties will not be damaged (tightness in the terminal bottles, maintenance of the oil pressure, etc.). ).

5.2.2 Rigid conductors coated with insulating material.

These drivers are generally bars, pletins, wire rod or round covered in insulating material. These drivers, due to their isolation, make it possible to reduce the distances between phases and to the ground, but for the safety of the people, they must be considered as naked drivers, with the exception of the established in the RAT 17.

6. PERMISSIBLE INTENSITIES FOR DRIVERS.

The section of the naked conductors shall be determined in such a way that the maximum temperature in service (heating plus ambient temperature), not exceeding 80 degrees c, for both copper and aluminium conductors shall be take appropriate measures to compensate for the ditalings of the bars or rods.

For insulated conductors, the section shall be determined taking into account the permissible limit temperature, by the insulation, both in continuous service and in the momentary service.

MIE-RAT 06 SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION: "CIRCUIT MANOEUVRING APPARATUS".

INDEX.

1. CIRCUIT MANEUVER.

2. AUTOMATIC SWITCHES AND SWITCHES.

3. SECTIONERS.

4. CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT.

1. CIRCUIT MANEUVER.

The maneuvers of interruption, sectioning and isolation of circuits must be carried out by means of devices suitable for the operation to be carried out.

2. AUTOMATIC SWITCHES AND SWITCHES.

2.1 The switches, automatic or not, will be able to use for the extinction of the arc systems based on the principles of: large volume of oil, small volume of oil, compressed air sulphur hexafloride, vacuum, blown magnetic, self-blowing, or any other principle that the experience advises.

The positions of "closed" and "open" are clearly indicated by means of signs in the maneuver mechanism.

2.2 The switches ' manoeuvre may be carried out in such a way as to be considered more convenient: mechanically, by spring of energy, electrically by solenoid or motor, by compressed air, etc.

The use of switches, intended for manual closure, in which the movement of the contacts is dependent on the operator's performance, is prohibited. The switch must have an independent closing power of the operator action.

2.3 In the case of compressed air arc extinguishing switches, the air tanks of the switch itself shall be sized in such a way that the following cycle is possible at least: "open-close-open" from the normal position of work (closed), without the need for air replacement. It shall be mandatory to install an air compression and storage equipment, independent of the tanks of the switch itself, the capacity of which is intended to take into account the number of switches and the operating cycle established.

2.4 Whatever the mechanism adopted for the automatic circuit breaker maneuver, it will be free-firing.

all automatic switches, will be equipped with a local opening device, performed manually. The opening shall be initiated by a device which may be electric, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or combination of the above systems.

2.5 In general, except for special cases, circuit breakers, which are not required to operate with rapid reengagement, must satisfy with their full power of cut one of the following nominal cycles:

Abrir-3min-Close-Open-3min-Close-Open.

Abrir-15 sg-Close -Open.

At the end of the switch cycle it will be able to permanently support the step of its nominal intensity in continuous service.

3. SECTIONERS.

3.1 The dryers must be of model and type suitable for the type of their function, the installation and the voltage and intensity of service.

3.2 The dryers, as well as their corresponding drives in their case, have to be arranged in such a way that they do not maneuver in the way of the effects of the pressure or the traction exerted with the hand on the varillage, by the wind pressure, by trepidations, by the force of gravity, or under the electrodynamic efforts produced by the short circuit currents.

3.3 In the case where the sectionators are equipped with mantel servomechanisms of any kind, the design of such shroud shall be such as to prevent the occurrence of a malfunction in the elements of such controls, in its power circuits or for lack of the energy used to perform the drive.

3.4 When the dryers are equipped with grounding blades, they shall be equipped with a secure interlock between the main and ground blades.

3.5 For nominal voltages of sectionators equal to or less than 36 kv the voltage supported between the contacts of the same pole of the sectionator in the open position must be greater than the maximum voltage supported by between different poles, same as industrial frequency as shock waves.

3.6 The insulators of the dryers and the grounding dryers shall be arranged in such a way that the leakage currents are to be grounded and not between the same pole or pole.

3.7 The minimum nominal intensity of the dryers shall be 200 amps.

4. EMPLOYMENT CONDITIONS.

4.1 To isolate or separate machines, transformers, lines and other circuits, regardless of the existence of switches, whether automatic or not, they must be fitted with branches which must be such that they can be If the position is checked with a simple view or otherwise, a secure system must be available to indicate the position of the sectioner.

4.2 When the switch, whether or not automatic, presents the insulation characteristics required of the dryers and their "open" position is visible or marked by a secure means, the sectionator quoted in 4.1 may be omitted.

4.3 The secondaries may be removed in the case of removable devices, with the necessary safety devices to prevent false manoeuvres, and to prevent inadvertent access to the points with tension that would be left to the discovered when removing the device.

4.4 When in the secondary circuits of the transformers there are devices that allow the loading to be removed beforehand, it is sufficient to install on the feeding side of the primary a cutting apparatus only for the vacuum intensity of the transformers.

In case the device for actuating this device acts simultaneously on all three phases, it is recommended to have a lock, which prevents its actuation as long as the secondary ones are connected.

4.5 In the unladen sectioning of isolated overhead lines and cables, the possible existence of capacity currents should be noted. In particular, it will be taken into account the case in which these intensities, combined with the magnetizers of the transformers, can give rise to afenomens of ferrorresonance in unipolar sectioning.

4.6 The use of suitable interlocks is recommended to prevent the improper opening or closing of a sectionator in the maneuvers.

4.7 The fuses which, when acting automatically to a separation of contacts comparable to the insulation characteristics required of the sectionators, will be considered as such, for the purposes of indicated in 4.1.

Complementary Technical Instruction MIE-RAT 07: " TRANSFORMERS AND POWER TRANSFORMERS.

INDEX.

1. GENERALTIES.

2. CONNECTION GROUPS.

3. REGIONS.

4. ANCHORAGE.

5. AUXILIARY WIRING.

6. SCREENS.

1. GENERALTIES.

In general, both transformers and power autotransformers connected to a three-phase network will be of the three-phase machine type, although the banks constituted by three single-phase units will be admitted.

For small loads, single-phase transformers or pools of these can be used when it is advisable.

Power transformers constructed from a to/or from the entry into force of this instruction must comply with the standard une 20. 101.

Triphasic transformers in oil bath for low voltage distribution up to 2,500 kva and higher primary voltage for the material of 3.6 to 36 kv, constructed from a to/or from the entry into force of this instruction, shall comply with the standard binding 20. 138.

For each transformer the corresponding test protocol, certified by the manufacturer, must exist.

2. CONNECTION GROUPS.

The connection groups of the power transformers shall be fixed according to the standard une 20. 101, it should be chosen the most appropriate for the point of the network where the transformer is installed.

The connection group of the three-phase transformers for low voltage distribution up to 2,500 kva and the highest primary voltage for the material of 3.6 to 36 kv will be in accordance with the standard une 20. 138.

In the case of autotransformers their connection will be in star, recommending the direct grounding of the neutral, and if this is not possible or convenient, the connection to land will be realized through an appropriate downloader.

Transformers directly connected to a public distribution network must have an appropriate connection group, so that the load imbalances have an impact on the low voltage network as little as possible.

3. REGIONS.

Both the transformers and the autotransformers may have a device that allows, in appropriate steps, the gift in charge of the voltage to ensure the continuity of the service.

There is also support for the existence of a voltage regulation, the machine being without service, in order to adapt its transformation relationship to the requirements of the network. It must be ensured that this operation is carried out from the outside, without having to resort to lifting the lid of the machine.

4. ANCHORAGE.

Power transformers, if fitted with wheels, must be locked during normal operation.

5. AUXILIARY WIRING.

All cables of force, control and signalling installed externally to the transformed or self-transformer and which form together with it shall be resistant to degradation by insulating liquids, meteorological agents and not will spread the flame.

6. SCREENS.

In the case of large transformers, and in order to avoid the deterioration of one of them by the projection of oil or cassettes at the other very close, it will be necessary to install a screen between both dimensions and appropriate mechanical strength.

MIE-AT 08 Complementary Technical Instruction: .

INDEX.

1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS.

2. INSTALLATION.

1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS.

Measure and protection transformers shall comply with the requirements of the UNE 21 standard. 088 and they will have the power and degree of precision corresponding to the characteristics of the devices they will feed.

In voltage and intensity transformers intended for the energy measure supplied or received by an installation and which has to be the subject of subsequent invoicing, account shall be taken in particular of what is in this respect. determines the current regulation of electrical checks and regularity in the supply of energy.

In intensity transformers intended to feed protection nets, it should be checked that the saturation that occurs when they are subjected to high short circuit currents does not change their relationship processing and phase angle in such a way as to prevent the proper functioning of the protection nets fed by them.

The intensity transformers must be chosen in such a way that they can withstand the thermal and dynamic effects of the maximum intensities that may occur as a result of overloads and short circuits in the installations. in which they are placed.

2. INTALATION.

All metal parts of the measuring transformers that are not subjected to tension shall be ground.

A point in the circuit or secondary circuits of the measuring transformers shall also be connected to the ground. This grounding shall be made directly on the secondary edges of the measuring transformers, except in cases where the installation advises another assembly.

In the secondary circuits of the measurement transformers the installation of devices that allow the separation, for their verification or replacement, of devices by them, or the insertion of others, is advised without the need to disconnect the installation and, in the case of the intensity transformers, without interrupting the continuity of the secondary circuit.

The installation of these devices will be obligatory in the case of energy measuring devices that serve to the billing of the same.

The installation of the measurement transformers shall be made in such a way as to be easily accessible for verification or eventual replacement.

When measuring devices are not instated near the measurement transformers, special care will be taken in the sizing of the conductors that constitute the secondary circuits to avoid the introduction of errors in the the measure.

In the case of voltage transformers, account must be taken of both the characteristics and the characteristics of the installation, as well as the values of the service voltage, in order to avoid the occurrence of ferreresonance.

WED-RAT SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION 09: "PROTECTIONS".

IINDEC.

1. PROTECTION AGAINST OVER-INTENSITIES.

2. SURGE PROTECTION.

3. OVERHEAT PROTECTION.

4. SPECIFIC PLANT AND PLANT PROTECTION.

4.1 Rotating Generators.

4.2 Power transformers and self-transformers.

4.3 Line-out.

4.4 Condensers Batteries.

4.5 Reactance.

4.6 Motors.

1. PROTECTION AGAINST OVER-INTENSITIES.

All installations covered by this Regulation shall be adequately protected against hazardous, thermal and dynamic effects, which may cause the currents of short circuit and overload currents when they are may cause breakdowns and give/os on the said premises.

For protection against over-intensities, automatic switches or fuses shall be used with the operating characteristics corresponding to the requirements of the installation which they protect.

Over-intensities shall be removed by a protective device used without producing dangerous projections of materials or explosions that may cause persons or things to occur.

Between the different protection devices against the over-intensities belonging to the same installation, or in relation to other external devices to the same installation, an appropriate coordination of action will be established for the disconnected in case of short circuit or overload is the least possible.

2. SURGE PROTECTION.

Electrical installations must be protected against dangerous overvoltages of both domestic and atmospheric origin when the importance of the installation, the value of the surges and their frequency of occurrence, so advise.

This will be used, as a general rule, for variable resistance auto-valves. the land bornes of these self-valves shall be joined to the ground taking according to the requirements of the RAT.13.

The above protection may also be entrusted to explosors, depending on the operating conditions of the network, except in the following cases: (a) In systems with ground-neutral with default intensities Id in A, such that with the ground resistance RM in the omega of the masses, it is fulfilled that Id. Rm > = 5000v.

B) In places of altitude greater than 1000 m or in installations connected to a high voltage line running through a height of 1000 m at distances from the installation less than 3 km.

C) In areas exposed to frequent atmospheric discharges classified in plane n 1 with "very high" or "elevated" frequency of storms.

3. OVERHEAT PROTECTION.

Where necessary, the facilities must be adequately protected against overheat, in accordance with paragraph 4.

4. SPECIFIC PLANT AND PLANT PROTECTION.

4.1 Rotating Generators.

Rotary generators and their drag engines will be equipped with devices that protect them against mechanical defects and electrical defects.

The necessary protections and alarms must be installed against the lubrication and cooling defects.

It will also be necessary to have in the turbine-generator groups a device that detects the overspeed or the packing and produces the safe stop of the group.

2. Protection against electrical defects shall be necessary, for generators of any power, to install over-intensity protection against short circuit or overload, protection against over-voltages of atmospheric or internal origin and Lack of ground protection on the stator.

For power generators greater than 5 mva it is advisable to have, among others, differential protection, protection of maximum and minimum frequency, investment of power, lack of ground in the rotor and defect of excitation, although The invention relates to a device for controlling the temperature of the windings and the magnetic circuit, such as to cause the network machine to be disconnected if necessary.

In power generators greater than 5 mva it is highly advisable to install a fire protection system actuated by the differential protection relay or by properly located thermostats. for large generators using hydrogen cooling fluid, the installation of this fire protection system shall be mandatory

Attention must be paid, in the project and assembly, to the problems of vibrations.

Asynchronous generators connected to public networks, equipped with capacitors ' batteries, will be protected against the over-voltages of self-excitation in the event of a lack of tension in the public network.

4.2 POWER TRANSFORMERS AND TRANSFORMERS.

4.2.1 TRANSFORMERS FOR DISTRIBUTION.

Transformers for distribution shall be protected against over-intensities according to the following criteria:

(A) Transformers where there is no provision for any overloading or a system for monitoring the evolution of loads shall not require protection against these over-intensities. In other cases, they shall be protected against overloads by means of switches operated by an over-intensity network, either by means of thermal devices which detect the temperature of the winding or those of the cooling medium.

B) All transformers shall be equipped with protection against short-circuits of external origin, on the high voltage side or on the low voltage side. Against internal short circuits there will always be adequate protection in the high voltage power circuit.

4.2.2 AT/AT TRANSFORMATION RELATIONSHIP POWER TRANSFORMERS AND AUTOTRAMS

These transformers shall be equipped with protection against over-intensities of any kind, located on the side which is more appropriate except that the competent authority of the administration for justified reasons, deletion.

For any power, transformers and self-transformers shall be fitted with thermal devices that detect the temperature of the windings or the cooling medium and pressure-releasing devices to be evacuated. the gases inside the vat in case of internal ardo. For power exceeding 2,5 MVA the transformer or self-transformer shall be equipped with a relay which detects the gas release in the cooling liquid.

For power greater than 10 MVA the transformers must be equipped with differential protection relay or vat which causes the opening of the switches of all the windings simultaneously. It is advisable to give the relay of a rearmament manuel that prevents the closing of the switches after the performance of this one, without first having verified the gravity of the fault.

4.2.3 Location and Pool of protection elements.

Transformers will be protected against over-intensities in any of the following ways:

A) individually with the protective elements located next to the transformer they protect.

B) individually with the protection elements located at the output of the line, in the substation that feeds the transformed, or at an appropriate point of the derivation, provided that this line or bypass feeds a single transformer.

For the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) above, the parallel connection of several three-phase transformers or the three-phase connection for a three-phase bank is considered to be a single transformer.

C) In a grouped form when it comes to public distribution transformation centers by placing the protection elements in the line output at the power substation or at an appropriate point in the network.

In this case, the number of transformers in each group shall not exceed eight, the sum of the nominal powers of all the processors of the fruit shall not exceed 800 kva and the maximum distance between any of the transformers and the point where the protection element is situated shall be no more than 4 km. when these processing centres are on the pole, the maximum unit power shall be 250 kva.

In the event that overloads are provided, each transformer must be individually protected in B. T.

4.3 Line-out.

Line outlets must be protected against short circuits and, where applicable, against overloads. In nets of 1 and 2 category this protection shall be carried out by means of automatic switches.

Air transport or public distribution lines providing for the possibility of numerous transient defects will be protected by systems that quickly remove the transient defect, equipped with devices of automatic recoupling, which may be omitted when duly justified.

For public distribution networks of 3 categories, electric utilities will establish a normalization of the maximum powers of short circuit in output bars, for the various tensions.

4.3.1 Protection of lines in networks with ground neutral.

In these networks, protection elements must be available against short circuits that can occur in any of the phases. The merger of the protection of over-intensities must not isolate the ground neutral.

4.3.2 Protection of lines in networks with neutral ground isolated.

In these networks when using automatic circuit breaker switches, it will be sufficient to only have networks over two of the phases.

In the case of airlines there will always be a homopolar voltage detector system in the substation where the line header is located. In addition, in the case of substations where there is no direct surveillance or by telecontrol, automatic devices, sensitive to the electrical effects produced by the earth defect currents, which cause the opening of the Cote apparatus.

4.4 Condensers Batteries.

In the installation of the capacitors ' batteries and in order to prevent the breakdown of an element from the propagation of the same to other elements of the battery, adequate protection shall be provided which causes the battery to be damaged. disconnection, or, each element shall have a fuse to ensure the individual disconnection of the broken element. These protections will be completed with an imbalance relay that will cause the battery to be disconnected through the main switch.

All capacitors ' batteries will be equipped with devices to detect over-intensities, over-voltages and ground defects, whose networks in turn will cause the switch to be disconnected from the main switch.

Each condenser element shall have a discharge resistance which reduces the tension between terminals to less than 50v after one minute from the connection thereof for elements of rated voltage equal to or less than 660v and five minutes for Top rated voltage capacitors.

4.5 REACTANTHAS.

Reactances connected to the neutral of transformers or generators whose mission is to create an artificial neutral, shall not be equipped with specific protection devices that cause their individual disconnection of the network.

Reactances intended to control the reactive energy of the network, since they can be by their constructive technique comparable to transformers, will be protected with devices similar to those indicated for transformers. in point 4.2.

4.6 High voltage motors.

In general, engines will be protected against the following defects:

Synchronous and asynchronous engines:

-Cortocircuit. on the power cord and between coils.

-Overload overloads (by detection of over-intensity, or by temperature probe, or by thermal imaging).

-Rotor locked in operation.

-Overlong boot.

-Minimum voltage.

-Stages reversal or reversal.

-Defect to the stator mass.

-Pump-out (in the case of such a charge).

For synchronous engines, protective measures may also be taken against:

-Loss of syncism.

-Excitation loss.

-Defect to rotor mass.

-March as over-long asynchronous.

-Overhead and subfrequency. -Subpower and reverse power.

The decision on the number of actions to be taken in each case will depend on the potential risks of the aforementioned engine size defects and the importance of the function provided by that engine.

(Map omitted).

MIE-RAT SUPPLEMENTARY TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION 10: "Control Tables and Pupil".

INDEX.

1. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE APPLICATION.

2. SENATION.

3. CONEXIONADO.

4. BORNES.

5. CONSTRUCTIVE COMPONENTS.

6. Assembly.

1. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE APPLICATION.

This instruction shall apply to the tables used for the control of substations, generating stations, processing centres and other high voltage installations.

The tables and control desks, composed of panels and equipped with measuring devices, monitors, indicators, lamps, alarms, and control devices are excluded from this instruction. These tables or desks may be equipped with synoptic schemes.

2. SENATION.

The function of all apparatus located on the front of the frames and desks shall be capable of being perfectly identified by a competent professional, either by:

A) To be devices located in a panel or frame of exclusive use of a machine, line, transformer or service, with a general indicator sign on that panel.

B) To call the apparatus a supplementary indicator sign.

The rear part of the frame or pupil shall have visible indicator signs located next to all existing devices or detachable elements, so that if they are disassembled, their position can be identified again.

The reglettes and their borns and the wire or terminal wires will be properly marked so that if they are attached they can be identified to put them back.

3. CONEXIONADO.

The internal connections in the control cabinets will be made with insulated cables, preferably flexible or printed circuits.

The flexible cables shall carry at their end metal terminals of the appropriate type for connection the corresponding apparatus, the wiring of the conventional frames or desks shall be capable of supporting an isolation test 2000 volts at industrial frequency for one minute.

The insulation and protection cover of the cables will be of the self-extinguishing type and not the flame propagator.

The cable section shall be suitable for supporting the intended intensities, with permissible voltage drops.

4. BORNES.

the bornes used in frames and desks shall be sized to withstand the foreseeable thermal and mechanical stresses, and shall be of appropriate size to the section of the conductors to be received.

The edge of the circuit of intensity in which the need to make checks is foreseen shall be such as to allow the test circuit to be derived before the circuit is opened in order to prevent the secondary from being opened. of the intensity transformers.

5. CONSTRUCTIVE COMPONENTS.

The structure and panels of the tables and desks shall have a mechanical rigidity sufficient for the assembly of the apparatus which is placed in it, and shall be capable of withstanding without deformations their actuation and the vibrations which could be transmitted from the next machines.

Appropriate measures shall be taken to avoid giving/s that may occur due to the presence of moisture, condensations, insects and other animals that may cause breakdowns.

All constructive components will have a finish that protects them against corrosion. The front of the frames and desks will have a finish that does not produce bakes.

6. Assembly.

When you need access to the rear, the corresponding corridors will be at least 0.8 metres wide.

When vibration transmission is foreseen, appropriate buffer devices shall be placed.

The pictures and desks will be properly illuminated in their front and inside.

Complementary Technical Instruction MIE-RAT 11: "Accumulators Installations".

INDEX.

1. GENERALTIES.

2. NOMINAL VOLTAGES.

3. CHOICE OF ACCUMULATOR BATTERIES.

3.1 BATTERY BATTERY TYPES.

3.2 BASIC DATA FOR YOUR CHOICE.

4. INSTALLATION

4.1 Locals.

4.2 Installation Conditions.

5. BATTERY BATTERY ELECTRICAL PROTECTION.

6. BATTERY CHARGING EQUIPMENT FOR ACCUMULATORS.

1. GENERALTIES.

The systems for the protection and control of high-voltage electrical installations will be fed by continuous stream. Of accumulator batteries associated with their AC-powered chargers. The exception of this obligation is the facilities of processing centres of 3 categories and those cases where their employment is duly justified. Under normal operating conditions, the battery charging equipment will be able to supply the permanent consumptions and in addition to maintaining the battery in optimal conditions.

In case of lack of AC power supply to the load equipment or failure failure of the load equipment, it shall be the battery of accumulators that is responsible for carrying out the supply of continuous current to the systems of protection and control of the facility.

2. NOMINALLY TENSIONS.

In the design of the protection and control systems, account shall be taken of the normalisation of the nominal current voltage voltage as set out below:

12-24-48-125-220 volts.

The aforementioned nominal voltages will be used as a reference by the user and will allow to define the number of accumulator elements that will contain the battery, as well as the flotation voltage to be supplied by the equipment load.

3. CHOICE OF BATTERY BATTERIES 3.1 Types of accumulator batteries.

The battery types of accumulators that will normally be used will be as follows:

-Acid batteries, also called lead, in open or closed glass versions. -alkaline batteries in the semi-tight or hermetic glass versions.

3.2 BASIC DATA FOR YOUR CHOICE

In choosing the type of batteries, the value of the discharge tips, the permanent consumption and the capacity of the batteries will be taken into account. A slow-rate bacteria shall be used when the tips are peque/as in relation to the permanent consumption and quick-load batteries when the tips are important in relation to the aforementioned permanent consumption.

4. INSTALLATION.

In the projects and subsequent realization of accumulator battery installations, two fundamental aspects have to be taken into account:

-Minimum requirements to be met by the premises for placement.

-Minimum conditions to be met in the facilities themselves.

4.1 LOCALS.

4.1.1 The batteries of electric accumulators that can detach corrosive or flammable gases in dangerous quantities will be placed according to the following recommendations:

-The site of your installation will be exclusively for this purpose, it will be dry and well ventilated to be possible with natural ventilation.

-The site shall be protected from external temperatures and isolated, as far as possible, from those places or facilities where vapours, gases, dust, trepidations or other harmful agents can occur.

-When the battery of accumulators is acidic and the vessels of the same are open, direct communication between the installation site of the battery of accumulators and the rooms of machines or premises where they are located shall be avoided. installed in the frames and other electrical equipment, the apparatus of which may be affected by corrosive gases from the battery.

-The materials used in the construction of the premises intended for the installation of the battery of accumulators intended for the installation of the battery of accumulators shall be resistant either by themselves or by means of preparation by suitable coatings, to the action of the gases that can be released by the accumulators. This end shall be particularly taken into account on the pavement, which is recommended to be provided with a slight slope and a drainage in such a way as to permit evacuation in the event of an electrolyte spill and to facilitate its washing with abundant water.

4.1.2 When the battery of accumulators does not fire corrosive or flammable gases in dangerous quantities (such as alkaline or acid in closed and airtight vessels), they may be used in local ventilated, intended for other purposes (networks, control rooms, or the like) by recommending their installation inside metal cabinets. These cabinets may or may not be incorporated in the loading equipment.

4.2 Installation Conditions.

The installation of the accumulators must be such that it allows the eventual filling of electrolyte, the cleaning and the replacement of elements without risk of dangerous accidental contacts for the work staff.

In the visible place of the premises where the battery of accumulators is installed or inside of the metal cabinets, when the installation is of this type, a sign shall be provided where the specified ones are specified. main characteristics of the battery, as well as the precise instructions for carrying out its periodic loads and maintenance.

4.2.1 Open acid batteries.

In case the installation is carried out in premises intended exclusively to contain acid-type accumulators, with open vessels, it shall be further taken into account that the intermediate access corridors may not have a width less than 75 cm.

The accumulators will be isolated from their supports and these from the soil through pieces of non-hygroscopic insulating materials, allowing the use of treated woods.

In these premises there will be no other electrical installation in addition to the battery itself, corresponding to the lighting, which will be carried out as indicated in the MI BT 026 instruction of the electrotechnical regulation for low tension. the use of any type of current outlet is expressly prohibited.

4.1.2 The electrical protections referred to in paragraph 5 of this instruction shall be located outside of these premises and the exit connections up to these protections shall be carried out by taking appropriate precautions to avoid short circuits.

It is recommended to have in these space rooms to store the electrolyte, as well as a frigo and water pile that allows the quick washing of the staff who accidentally had contact with the acids.

4.2.2 alkaline or acid batteries in closed vessels.

The batteries of alkaline accumulators or acids in closed vessels, which are installed in metal cabinets, may be located in the open provided that these metal cabinets are suitable for this type of installation and are equipped with adequate ventilation and equipped with thermal insulation to avoid dangerous temperatures.

5. BATTERY BATTERY ELECTRICAL PROTECTION.

As a general rule the two poles of the accumulator battery will be isolated from the ground.

The minimum protections to be provided are:

-At the output of the accumulator battery and before the distribution bars, calibrated fuse cartridges or automatic switch must be installed.

-On the distribution bars a land detector shall be installed which at least provides a preventive alarm in the event of any pole being placed on the ground.

-All circuits to the various services must be equipped with calibrated fuse cartridges or with automatic switches.

-A detector device will be installed to indicate the lack of power to the battery.

-Lack of current alarm systems will be installed in the essential circuits, such as protection and maneuver.

6. BATTERY CHARGING EQUIPMENT FOR ACCUMULATORS.

Accumulator batteries must be associated with an appropriate load equipment, which meets the following minimum conditions:

-In the flotation system it must be able to maintain the voltage of flotation in battery borns within a band of fluctuation of + 1%, for a variation of + 10% of the supply voltage, and must compensate in the Previous conditions, self-discharge of the battery and also give the permanent consumption of the system of protection and control of the installation.

-The maximum curling factor, in any load condition, should be maintained, requiring equipment fed by the battery-load equipment assembly.

-It will be equipped with a minimum of alarms to detect a malfunction of the equipment.

-The normal operating system shall be that of flotation, if other systems are used, duly justified, used.

Mie -rat 12 complementary technical instruction: "isolation".

INDEX.

1. NOMINAL ISOLATION LEVELS.

1.1 Nominal isolation levels for group a materials.

1.2 Nominal isolation levels for group b materials.

1.3 Nominal isolation levels for group c 2 materials. tests.

3. DISTANCES IN THE AIR BETWEEN ELEMENTS IN TENSION AND METALLIC STRUCTURES GROUNDED 1. NOMINAL ISOLATION LEVELS.

The isolation of the equipment used in the a facilities. A. referred to in this Regulation, they shall be adapted to the standard values set out in the standard binding 21. 062, except in special cases duly justified by the installation project.

The normalized values of the nominal isolation levels of the a. T., defined by the nominal supported stresses for different types of dielectric requests, are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3 gathered in three groups according to the values of the highest voltage for the material.

-Group a. Voltage greater than 1 kv and less than 52 kv.

-Group b. Tension equal to or greater than 5i kv and less than 300 kv.

-Group c. Tension equal to or greater than 300 kv.

1.1 Nominal Isolations Levels for Group A. Materials

1.1.1 The following table specifies the nominal isolation levels associated with the highest voltage normalized values for group a materials.

(Table omitted).

In addition to the nominal supported voltage of short duration at industrial frequency, two values of the nominal supported voltage are given to the lightning-type pulses for each value of the highest voltage for the material. These two values are specified in list 1 and 2. No intermediate values will be used. the impulse tests are specified in order to verify the capacity of the insulation, and in particular the capacity of the windings to withstand the overvoltages of atmospheric origin and the overvoltages of steep-facing manoeuvres, especially the (a) to be connected to the contacts of the manoeuvring apparatus.

Under special conditions of use can be used for a given apparatus test voltage reduced in both industrial frequency and impulse or even to suppress the impulse tests but, in this case, be demonstrated by testing or by a combination of tests and calculations that meet the necessary isolation conditions for the most important requests that will occur in service.

1.1.2 The choice between list 1 and list 2 shall be made in the light of the degree of exposure to beam and maniobre surges, the grounding characteristics of the network and, where available, the type of device of protection against over-voltages.

1.1.3 List 1-responsive material is usable in the following installations:

1.1.3.1 a) When the neutral is grounded either directly or through a small value impedance compared to that of an extinction coil. In this case it is not necessary to use devices to protect against surges, such as lightning rods.

B) When the system neutral is grounded through an extinction coil and in some networks equipped with sufficient protection against the surges. This is the case for extensive cable networks in which the use of lightning rods capable of discharging the capacity of the cables may be necessary.

1.1.3.2 In networks and installations connected to overhead lines through transformers in which the ground capacity of the cables attached to the low voltage edges of the transformer is at least 0,05 f per phase. When the ground capacity of the cable is less than the indicated value, additional capacitors may be connected between the transformer and the cutting apparatus, as close as possible to the terminals of the transformer, so that the total capacity The ground of the cable and the capacitors shall be at least 0,05 f per phase.

This covers the following cases.

A) When the system neutral is grounded either directly or through a peque/or value impedance compared to that of an extinction coil. In this case, a protection against the surges by means of lightning rod can be convenient.

B) When the system neutral is grounded through an extinction coil and in addition there is adequate protection against surges through lightning rod.

1.1.3.3 In networks and installations directly connected to airlines:

A) When the system neutral is grounded either directly or through a peque/or value impedance compared to that of an extinction coil and where there is adequate protection against the surges by means of explosors or lightning rods, taking into account the probability of the amplitude and frequency of the surges.

B) When the system neutral is grounded through an extinction coil and adequate protection against surges is secured by lightning rods.

1.1.4 In all other cases, or where a high level of safety is required, the material corresponding to list 2 shall be used.

1.2 Nominal isolation levels for Block materials B.

1.2.1 In this range of stresses the choice of the level of insulation should be made mainly in function of the lightning wave surges that can be presented.

The following table specifies the nominal isolation levels associated with the highest voltage normalized values for group b materials.

(Table omitted).

This table associates one or more recommended isolation levels at each normalized value of the highest voltage for the material.

1.2.2 No intermediate test voltages shall be used. in cases where more than one level of isolation is given, the highest is the one that suits the material placed on nets with an extinction coil or where the coefficient of ground fault is greater than 1.4.

1.2.3 On the same network, multiple isolation levels can coexist according to the different situation of each installation.

1.3 Nominal isolation levels for C group materials

1.3.1 In this set of stresses, the choice of the material to be installed is a primary function of the manoeuvring over-voltages to be expected in the network, and the level of insulation of the material is characterized by the stresses supported to the maneuver-type and lightning-type impulses.

Table omitted.

This table gives the recommended combinations between the highest stresses for the material and the isolation level. when, due to the characteristics of the network, or to the methods chosen to control the over-voltages of manoeuvre or lightning, the use of combinations other than those of the table is technically and economically justified, the values selected must be taken from those listed in the table.

1.2. In the same network, several levels of insulation can coexist, corresponding to installations located in different places of the network or to different materials belonging to the same installation.

2. Rehearsals.

The stress tests supported by the installations or the different appliances that make up them are intended to check their isolation levels.

For the performance of the isolation level verification tests, the requirements specified in the UNE 21.308 standards for HIGH VOLTAGE TESTS and 21 shall be followed. 062 on Isolation coordination, in addition to what is established for each particular type of apparatus or installation in the relevant standard, it is binding that in each case they establish the tests to be considered as tests individual.

When there is no standard, it is recommended to use the corresponding publication C. E. I (International Electrotechnical Commission).

3. DISTANCES IN THE AIR BETWEEN ELEMENTS IN TENSION AND BETWEEN THESE AND METALLIC STRUCTURES GROUNDED.

3.1 In installations where for some reason verification tests of the isolation level cannot be carried out, it is advisable to take certain measures to avoid disruptive discharges with lower tensions than the corresponding to the level of isolation that would have been prescribed in case of testing.

The condition must be met that the stresses supported in the air between the parts in tension and between the parts and the ground are equal to the supported nominal voltages specified in paragraphs, 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3. is equivalent to maintaining minimum distances that depend on the configurations of the active parts and the next structures.

3.2 No distance is established for those equipment for which the isolation level testing test is specified, as this would hamper their design, increase their cost, and make progress difficult. technology.

3.3 Tables 4 and 5 indicate in the first column the nominal supported voltages at lightning-type impulse and in the second column the distances in the air for unfavourable configurations of the parts in tension and parts grounded.

Table 4.

NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE AT LIGHTNING-TYPE PULSES (kV crest) * MINIMUM DISTANCE-TO-EARTH DISTANCE IN AIR (cm) *

20 * 6 *

40 * 6 *

60 * 9 *

75 * 12 *

95 * 16 *

125 * 22 *

145 * 27 *

170 * 32 *

250 * 48 *

325 * 63 *

450 * 90 *

550 * 110 *

650 * 130 *

750 * 150 *

Table 5.

NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE AT LIGHTNING-TYPE PULSES (kV crest) * MINIMUM DISTANCE-TO-EARTH DISTANCE IN AIR (cm) *

20 * 6 *

40 * 6 *

60 * 9 *

75 * 12 *

95 * 16 *

125 * 22 *

145 * 27 *

170 * 32 *

250 * 48 *

325 * 63 *

450 * 90 *

550 * 110 *

650 * 130 *

750 * 150 *

850 * 170 *

950 * 190 *

1050 * 210 *

3.4 Table 6 refers in the first two columns to the values that define the isolation levels and in the third and fourth columns to the distances in the air for configurations called

and < -structure>.

The configuration is the most unfavorable configuration that can normally be found; the configuration covers a wide normal configuration field. Table 6 refers to the configuration by the notable influence it has for higher stresses for the material equal to or greater than 300 kv.

Table 6.

ISOLATION LEVEL (kV crest) * MINIMUM DISTANCE FASE8GROUND IN AIR (cm) *

NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE TO MANEUVER-TYPE IMPULSES * NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE TO LIGHTNING-TYPE IMPULSES * STRUCTURE CONDUCTOR * STRUCTURE TIP *

650 * 850 * 150 * 170 *

750 * 850 * 160 * 190 *

750 * 950 * 170 * 190 *

850 * 950 * 180 * 240 *

850 * 1050 * 190 * 240 *

950 * 1050-1175 * 220 * 290 *

1050 * 1175-1300-1425 * 260 * 340 *

1175 * 1300-1425-1550 * 310 * 410 *

1300 * 1425-1550-1800 * 360 * 480 *

1425 * 1550-1800-2100 * 420 * 560 *

1550 * 1800-1950-2400 * 490 * 640 *

3.5 Table 7 indicates in the first and second columns the voltages supported by maneuver-ground and between phases and in the third and fourth columns the distances to the air between parallel conductors and between driver.

Table 7.

NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE TO THE PHASE-EARTH MANEUVER-TYPE IMPULSES. (kV crest) * NOMINAL SUPPORTED VOLTAGE TO THE MANOEUVRES TYPE BETWEEN PHASES (kV crest) * DISTANCE BETWEEN PHASES IN THE AIR. (cm) *

* * CONDUCTOR-CONDUCTOR (PARALLEL) * TIP CONDUCT. *

750 * 1175 * 240 * 250 *

850 * 1300 * 270 * 320 *

950 * 1425 * 310 * 360 *

1050 * 1550 * 350 * 410 *

1050 * 1675 * 390 * 460 *

1175 * 1800 * 430 * 520 *

-* 1950 * 490 * 590 *

-* 2100 * 560 * 680 *

1300 * 2250 * 630 * 770 *

1425 * 2400 * 710 * 880 *

1550 * 2550 * 790 * 1000 *

3.6 The values of the distances indicated in Tables 4 and are the minimum values determined by electrical type considerations, so in certain cases, they should be increased to take into account other concepts such as, Construction tolerances, short circuit effects, wind effects, staff safety, etc.

On the other hand these distances are only valid for altitudes not exceeding 1. 000 metres. For installations located above 1. 000 meters of altitude, the minimum distances in the air up to the 3. 000 metres shall be increased by 1,25% per 100 metres or fraction.

MIE-RAT 13 complementary technical instruction: .

INDEX.

1. GENERAL SAFETY PRESCIPTIONS.

1.1 Maximum tensions applicable to the human body.

1.2 Prescripciones in relation to the sizing.

2. Project of the grounding installations.

2.1 Procedure.

2.2 Difficult conditions for grounding.

3. Elements of the grounding installations and mounting conditions.

3.1 Lines of land.

3.4 Minimum dimensions of grounding electrodes.

3.5 Installation of electrodes.

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOIL AND OF THE ELECTRODES TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN THE CALCULATIONS.

5. DETERMINATION OF THE DEFECT INTENSITIES FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE PAYMENT AND CONTACT STRESSES.

6. GENERAL GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS.

6.1 Puesta a land of protection.

6.2 Puesta a land of service.

6.3 Interconnection of ground facilities.

7. PARTICULAR PROVISIONS FOR GROUNDING.

7.1 Over-voltage chargers.

7.2 grounding sectionators.

7.3 Metal wrap-protected assemblies.

7.4 Building Elements.

7.5 Metal elements out of the installation.

7.7 Transformation Centers.

8. MEASURES AND SURVEILLANCE OF THE GROUNDING FACILITIES.

8.1 Measurements of the Applied Pass And Contact Stresses.

8.2 Periodic monitoring.

1. GENERAL SAFETY PRESCIPTIONS.

1.1 Maximum Tensions applicable to the human body.

All electrical installations must have a protection or ground installation designed in such a way that at no point normally accessible from the interior or exterior of the electrical installation where the persons may be subjected to a dangerous tension during any defect in the electrical installation or in the connected network.

Maximum applied contact voltage will be determined based on the duration of the defect according to the following formula:

(1) Formula omitted.

For times between 2 and 5 seconds the applied contact voltage shall not exceed 64 v. for times greater than 5 seconds the applied contact voltage shall not exceed 50 v.

Except justified exceptional cases shall not be considered times less than 0,1 seconds.

In case of installations with fast automatic reengagement (not more than 0.5 seconds) the time to consider in the formula will be the sum of the partial maintenance times of the defect current.

As of the above formula (1), the maximum levels of pass and contact stress can be determined in an installation, considering all the resistances involved in the circuit.

For project calculation purposes, the following formulas can be used, for estimating the steps and contact voltages of the installation:

(2) Step Tension: Formula omitted.

(3) Contact tension: Formula omitted.

The above formulas have been determined by assimilating each human foot to an electrode in the form of a 200 cm surface plate, which presents a grounding resistance equal to 3ps, with ps being the resistivity of the layer. surface of the reno in ohms, meters and assuming that the resistance to the human body is 1. 000 ohms.

In case the resistivity of the surface layer increases by placing a layer of gravel or other resistivity material higher than that of the ground, its thickness shall be at least 10 cm in case of gravel, and 2 cm in case of asphaltic materials.

In the event that contacts of the human body with non-active metal parts can be anticipated to different potential, the formula (3) of the contact stress will be applied by making Ps=o.

The project design of the ground installation must check for a calculation procedure sanctioned by the practice, that the values of the voltages of passing and contact calculated by the above formulas, in the circumstances more unfavourable, they are not exceeded in any area of the land affected by the installation of land.

1.2 Prescripciones in relation to the sizing.

The sizing of the installations will be done in such a way that no heat can be produced that can deteriorate its characteristics or loosen detachable elements.

The grounding stresses and contact stresses of a ground installation and the contact voltages of a ground installation can be calculated from known data (terrain resistivity, resistance of the earth, and earth and the grounding current).

The size of the ground installation according to the intensity that, in case of defect, circulates through the affected part of the installation of land and the duration of the defect.

In the installation of land and the duration of the defect.

In installations with different nominal voltage networks and a common ground installation, the above must be met for each network. may not be taken into account in multiple networks.

As indicated above, at this point 1.2 does not apply to provisional grounding of workplaces.

Electrodes and other metal elements will carry the necessary protection to avoid dangerous corrosions during the life of the installation.

Possible variations of soil characteristics in dry times and after high defect currents will be taken into account.

The effect is given in the sections that follow on how to determine the dimensions, setting in certain cases minimum values.

2. PROJECT OF GROUNDING INSTALLATIONS.

2.1 Procedure.

Taking into account the maximum applied stresses set out in paragraph 1.1, when projecting a land installation, the following procedure shall be followed:

1. Investigation of soil characteristics.

2. Determination of the maximum grounding currents and the corresponding maximum removal time of the defect.

3. Preliminary design of the ground installation.

4. Calculation of the resistance of the ground system.

5. Calculation of the pass stresses on the exterior of the installation.

7. Calculation of the stresses applied.

8. Investigation of the voltages transferred to the outside by pipes, rails, fences, neutral conductors, cable shields, signalling circuits and especially dangerous points, and study of the forms of elimination or reduction.

9. Correction and adjustment of the initial design by establishing the definitive one.

After the installation of the ground installation, precise checks and verifications will be done and the necessary changes will be made to meet the general safety requirements.

2.2 Difficult conditions for grounding.

When by land resistivity values, grounding current or missing out time, it is not technically possible, or it is economically disproportionate to maintain the values of the The use of additional security measures in order to reduce the risks to persons and property should be used within the limits set out in the above paragraphs.

Such measures may be among others:

A) Making dangerous areas inaccessible.

B) Dispose floors or pavements that sufficiently isolate the hazardous service areas.

C) Isolate all the handles or controls to be touched.

D) Establish equipotential connections between the area where the service is performed and all of the conductive elements accessible from it.

E) Isolate the ground drivers at their entrance on the ground.

A sufficient number of warning signs shall be provided with appropriate instructions in the hazardous areas and shall be available to the service personnel, means of protection such as insulating footwear, gloves, sidewalks or Insulating mats.

3. Elements of the grounding installations and mounting conditions.

The grounding installations shall be composed of one or more buried electrodes and the ground lines connecting the electrodes to the elements to be placed on the ground.

On the ground lines there shall be sufficient grounding points to facilitate the measurement of the electrode status and the grounding of the installation.

For grounding may be used in certain cases, subject to justification:

A) The metal pipes.

B) Cable shields.

C) The metal elements of foundations, except the intended armor of concrete.

3.1 Lines of land.

The drivers employed on the ground lines will have adequate mechanical strength and will offer high corrosion resistance.

Your section will be such, that the maximum current that circulates for them in case of defect or atmospheric discharge does not carry these drivers to a temperature close to that of fusion, nor put in danger their joints and connections.

For the purposes of sizing the sections, the minimum time to consider for the duration of the defect, the frequency of the network shall be one second, and the following current densities shall not be exceeded:

copper 160 a/mm2.

Steel 60/mm2.

However, sections below 25 mm2 in the case of copper, and 50 mm2 in the case of steel, will be admitted.

The above values correspond to a final temperature of 200 degrees Celsius. An increase in this temperature can be allowed up to 300 degrees Celsius if it does not pose a risk of fire. This is equivalent to dividing by 1.2 the sections determined in accordance with the above, with respect to the minimum values indicated.

When materials other than those indicated are used, care is taken:

A) That temperatures do not exceed the values indicated in the preceding paragraph.

B) That the section is at least equivalent from the thermal point of view, to the copper point that would have been precise.

C) That from a mechanical point of view, resistance is at least equivalent to that of copper of 25 square millimetres.

When the duration of the defect is greater than one second, the sections adopted according to the heat produced and their dissipation shall be calculated and justified.

The support steel structures of the elements of the installation may be used as ground conductors, provided that they meet the general characteristics required of the drivers and their installation. This is also applicable to reinforced concrete armor, except in the case of intended armor, in which case its use as ground conductors is prohibited.

3.2 Installation of land lines.

The conductors of the ground lines must be installed, ensuring that their travel is as short as possible, avoiding torturous plots and short-radius curves. In general, it is recommended that they be naked drivers installed on the outside in a visible way.

In the case where the installation is suitable, it must be so that it can be checked for the maintenance of its characteristics.

On the ground lines no fuses or switches can be inserted.

Joints and joints shall be carried out with appropriate means of attachment, which ensure the permanence of the union, do not experience at the passage of the current heating higher than those of the driver, and are protected against the Galvanic corrosion.

3.3 Grounding Electrodes.

Grounding electrodes shall be made up of metal materials in the form of rods, cables, plates, profiles, which have a high resistance to corrosion by themselves, or by additional protection, such as such as copper or steel duly protected, in which case special care shall be taken not to damage the coating of protection during the hincado.

If other materials are used, their employment will be justified.

The electrodes may be available in the following ways:

A) Pics incon the ground, consisting of tubes, bars or other profiles, which may be made up of spliced elements.

B) Burned rods, bars, or cables, arranged in radial, mesh, annular shape.

C) Buried plates or sheets.

3.4 Minimum dimensions of grounding electrodes.

A) The size of the pics shall be in accordance with the following specifications: Copper or copper-coated steel round shall not be less than 14 mm in diameter. those of uncoated steel shall not have a diameter of less than 20 millimetres.

The tubes shall not be of a diameter of less than 30 millimetres or of a wall thickness of less than 3 millimetres.

Steel profiles shall not be of a thickness of less than 5 millimetres or of a section less than 350 square millimetres.

B) The buried conductors, whether of rod, cable or plate, must have a minimum section of 50 square millimeters of copper, and 100 square millimeters of steel. the minimum thickness of the pletins and the minimum diameter of the wires of the wires shall not be less than 2 mm copper and 3 mm in steel.

C) Plates or plates shall have a minimum thickness of 2 mm for copper and 3 mm for steel.

D) In the case of soils in which a particularly significant corrosion can occur, the above values should be increased.

E) For the calculation of the section of the electrodes, reference is made to the above and paragraph 3.1.

3.5 Installation of electrodes.

In the choice of the type of electrodes, as well as their placement and placement, the general characteristics of the electrical installation of the terrain will be present, the potential risk to the people and the goods.

It will be necessary to use the most conductive earth layers by making the placement of electrodes with the greatest possible care in terms of the compaction of the terrain.

The influence of the frost must be present to determine the depth of the installation.

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOIL AND OF THE ELECTRODES TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN THE CALCULATIONS.

4.1 Ground Resistivity.

In paragraph 2 of this instruction, the need to investigate the characteristics of the land is indicated, in order to carry out the project of a land installation. However, in the third category and short-circuit facilities to land less than or equal to 16 kilometres it will not be necessary to carry out the above research of the resistivity of the soil, sufficient the visual examination of the In the case of land, it is possible to estimate its resistivity by means of the following table 1, in which indicative values are given:

TABLE 1

TERRAIN NATURE * RESISTIVITY IN OHMS. METRO*

Panty plots * of some units at 30 *

Limo * 20 to 100 *

Humus * 10 to 150 *

Wet peat * 5 to 100 *

Plastic clay * 50 *

Margas and compacted clays * 100 to 200 *

Jurassic Margas * 30 to 40 *

Sand clay * 50 to 500 *

Arena silecea * 200 to 3,000 *

Pedregous soil covered in grass * 300 to 500 *

bare stony soil * 1,500 to 3,000 *

Soft limestone * 100 to 300 *

Compact limestone * 1,000 to 5,000 *

Cracked limestone * 500 to 1,000 *

Pizarras * 50 to 300 *

Mica Rocks and Quartz * 800 *

Granites and stoneware from alteration * 1,500 to 10,000 *

Very altered granites and stoneware * 100 to 600 *

Concrete * 2,000 to 3,000 *

Ballast or gravel * 3,000 to 5,000 *

4.2 electrode ground resistance.

The earth resistance of the electrode, which depends on its shape and dimensions and the resistivity of the soil, will be calculated by the formulas contained in Table 2 below:

Table omitted.

4.3 Effect of Humidity

When soil moisture varies considerably from one year to another, this circumstance will be taken into account when sizing and establishing the land system. Gravel coatings may be used to help preserve soil moisture.

4.4 Effect of temperature.

By reaching ground temperatures below zero degrees Celsius increases your resistivity a lot. Therefore, in areas with frost hazards, the electrodes shall be buried at a depth which does not reach that temperature or shall be taken into account in the calculation.

5. DETERMINATION OF THE DEFECT INTENSITIES FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE STEP AND CONTACT STRESSES.

The projectionist should take into account possible types of ground defects and maximum intensities at the various levels of stresses existing in the facility and will take the most unfavourable value.

For the calculation of the defect and grounding intensities, account must be taken of the connection form of the ground-neutral, as well as the configuration and characteristics of the network during the subtransitional period.

in the case of a ground-neutral, either rigid or through an impedance, shall be considered for the purpose of calculating the applied voltage of contact or pass, which invokes the elevation of the potential of the ground installation. in installations of 100 kilowatts or higher with neutral ground neutral, 70 per 100 of the value of IE shall be used, taking into account the low probability of coincidence of the most unfavourable conditions.

In the case of an isolated neutral network, the intensity that is considered for the calculation of the applied voltage of contact or pass shall be the product of the capacitive intensity of defect to earth (c) by a reduction factor (k) equal to the relationship between the intensity of the current that contributes to the elevation of the potential of the ground installation and the homopolare of the system to the fault.

Table omitted.

The above is indicated in the following table:

6. GENERAL GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS.

6.1 Puestas a land of protection.

The metal parts of an installation that are not in tension normally but which may be caused by breakdowns, accidents, atmospheric discharges or surges shall be ground.

They will be connected to the protection lands, except for the exceptions mentioned in the sections mentioned, among others, the following elements. (a) The chassis and racks of manoeuvres.

b) The wrappers of the metal cupboards.

c) The metal doors of the premises (see section 7.4)

d) Metal fences and fences (see paragraph 7. 6).

e) The columns, media, porches, etc.

f) The metal structures and structures of buildings containing high voltage installations (see section (7.4) g) of the metal cables of the cables (see section 7.5).

i) the housings of transformers, generators, motors, and other machines.

j) guard threads or ground lines of the overhead lines.

6.2 Puestas a land of service.

The required installation elements will be connected to the service lands and enter them:

(a) The neutrals of the transformers, which need to be specified in installations or networks with neutral to ground directly or through resistors or coils.

b) The neutral of the alternators and other equipment or equipment that requires it.

c) The low voltage circuits of the measurement transformers.

d) The limiters, downloaders, self-valves, lightning rods for removal of overvoltages or atmospheric discharges.

e) The grounding elements of the grounding dryers.

Interconnection of ground facilities.

The protection and service ground of a facility must be connected to each other, consenting to a general ground installation.

Exceptionally from this general rule, those placed on the ground should be excluded because of which dangerous tensions may arise for people, goods or electrical installations.

In this sense, separate lands will be provided, among others in the following cases as mentioned in the present instruction for transformation centers.

The cases in which it would be convenient to separate from the installation of general ground the neutral points of the windings of the transformers.

The voltage limiters of lines of weak currents (telephone, telegraph, etc.) that are extended outside the installation.

In facilities where separate or independent ground facilities coexist, measures will be taken to avoid inadvertent simultaneous contact with elements connected to different ground facilities as well as the transfer of dangerous voltages from one to another installation.

7. PARTICULAR PROVISIONS FOR GROUNDING.

In the grounding of the following items, the following provisions need to be taken into account:

7.1 Over-voltage chargers.

The grounding of devices used as surge loaders will be connected to the grounding of the apparatus or apparatus that they protect. These connections must be made by ensuring that their travel is minimal and without abrupt changes of direction.

The grounding resistance shall, in any case, ensure that for the intended discharge intensities, the untied stresses of these devices do not reach values that may be the source of return voltages or transferred from a dangerous nature to other installations or equipment which are also grounded.

The conductors used for the grounding of the discharge or the overvoltage downloader shall not be made of steel, nor shall they be fitted with tapes or tubes for the protection of magnetic material.

7.2 grounding sectionators.

In installations where there are exit lines, not equipped with cable-to-ground, but equipped with grounding dryers connected to the general ground, the necessary precautions must be taken to ensure that avoid possible transfer to the line of dangerous contact stresses during maintenance work on the same.

7.3 Metal wrap-protected assemblies.

In the sets protected by metallic envelope there shall be a common ground line for the grounding of the envelope, arranged along the entire apparatus the minimum section of said earth line shall be 35 Square millimetres, if it is copper and for other types of materials, shall have the equivalent section in accordance with the provisions of this instruction.

The outer envelopes of each cell will be connected to the common ground line, as will also be done with all metal parts that are not part of a main or auxiliary circuit that must be grounded.

For the purpose of connection to the ground of internal armor, partitions of separation of cells, etc., it is considered sufficient for electrical continuity, its connection by screws or welding. The doors of the high voltage compartments shall also be attached to the enclosure in an appropriate manner.

The metal parts of the metal parts of the removable parts that are normally grounded, must be grounded while the insulation between the contacts of the same pole is not greater, both to industrial frequency such as shock wave, ground isolation or between different poles. These are to be automatically produced.

7.4 Building Elements.

Metal elements of construction in buildings housing high voltage installations must be grounded according to the following standards:

In buildings of reinforced concrete or metallic structure, the metallic elements of the structure must be grounded. The other metal elements such as doors, windows, staircases, handrails, lids and registers, etc., must be grounded when they are able to contact parts which may take up tension due to defects or breakdowns.

When the construction was made of materials, such as mass concrete, brick or masonry, it is not necessary to connect to the ground the metal elements mentioned above, more than when they could be put in tension due to defects or defects, and may also be reached by persons located outside the electrical service enclosures.

7.5 Metal elements out of the installation.

The metal elements that leave out of the installation enclosure such as rails and pipes, must be connected, to the installation of land generates, in several points, if its extension is great.

It will be necessary to check whether these elements can transfer dangerous tensions to the outside, in which case the necessary measures must be taken to avoid this by means of insulating joints, or other measures, if necessary.

7.6 Vallas and metal fences.

For your grounding, various solutions can be adopted depending on the dimensions of the installation and the characteristics of the terrain:

a) They may be included within the general land installation and be connected to them.

b) They can be distant from the general ground installation and connect to a separate, separate land installation.

C) They can be distant from the general ground installation and do not need to install ground to maintain the values set for the voltages of step and contact.

7.7 Transformation Centers.

7.7.1 Separation of the earth from the neutrals.

To avoid dangerous stresses caused by defects in the high voltage network, low voltage neutrals and lines that go outside the general installation can be connected to a separate land.

7.7.2 Isolation between ground facilities.

When, in accordance with the above paragraph, low voltage neutrals are connected to a land separated from the general earth of the scepter, the following requirements shall be met:

(a) Ground installations must be isolated from each other for the difference of tension that may arise between the two.

b) The connecting conductor between the low voltage neutral of the transformer and its ground electrode must be isolated within the area of influence of the general earth. Such a connection may be made by connecting the electrode directly, a neutral conductor point and establishing the necessary insulation.

(c) Low-voltage installations within the processing centres shall have, in respect of the ground, an isolation corresponding to the voltage specified in the case (a).

In the event that the isolation of the low voltage equipment reaches this value, all the conductive elements of the same that must be grounded as frame frames, housings, etc., Connect to the separate earth only the low voltage neutral.

When the low voltage equipment does not present the insulation indicated above the conductive elements of the same that are to be connected to the ground such as pipes, frame frames, appliance housings, etc., must be mounted on insulators of an isolation level corresponding to the voltage specified in point (a). In this case, said conductive elements will be connected to the ground, of the neutral of low voltage, having then special care with the tensions of contacts that may appear.

(D) the low voltage output lines shall be isolated within the area of influence of the general earth taking into account the stresses referred to in point (a).

When the output line is in insulated cable with conductive wrappers, the possible transfer to the outside of voltages shall be taken into account through these envelopes.

7.7.3. Low voltage networks with neutral neutral.

When in the low voltage part the transformer neutral is isolated or grounded by a high value impedance of a voltage limiter between said neutral and ground or between a phase and earth, if the neutral is not accessible.

7.7.4 Transformation centers connected to underground cable networks.

In the transformation centers fed in high voltage by underground cables provided with conductive envelopes, electrically joined together if all the lands are connected in a general land in the two cases following:

a) when the high voltage power is part of a network of underground cables with conductive envelopes, of sufficient conductivity.

(b) when the high voltage supply is part of a mixed network of air lines and underground cables with conductive envelopes and there are two or sections of underground cable with a total length of at least 3 km with different and with a length each of them more than 1 km.

In installations connected to networks formed connected to networks formed by underground cables with conductive envelopes of sufficient section, they can be used as ground electrodes even without the addition of other ground electrodes.

8. MEASURES AND SURVEILLANCE OF THE GROUNDING FACILITIES.

8.1 Measurements of the Applied Pass And Contact Stresses.

The work manager must verify that the applied contact and pass stresses are within the limits allowed with a thousand-ohm internal resistance voltmeter.

The measuring electrodes for the simulation of the feet must have an area of 200 square cm each and must have a minimum force of 250 n each on the ground.

Power supplies shall be chosen from the appropriate power to simulate the defect so that the intensity used in the test is at least 1 per 100 of the current for which the installation has been sized without is less than 50 a for power plants and substations and 5 a for processing centres, thereby eliminating the effects of possible stray or parasitic voltages. the calculations shall be made on the assumption that there is proportionality, in order to determine the maximum possible tensions.

8.2 Periodic monitoring.

Like all electrical installations, ground facilities will be reviewed at least once every three years to check the state of the facilities.

Complementary Technical Instruction MIE RAT 14 " INDOOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS.

INDEX.

1. LOCATION OF FACILITIES.

2. CONDITIONS FOR PREMISES AND BUILDINGS.

2.1 INACCESSIBILITY.

2.2 STEPS AND ACCESSES.

2.3 Fuel fluid drives and storage.

2.4 Water drives and storage.

2.5 Sewer.

2.6 Canalization.

3 GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR THE INSTALLATIONS.

3.1 Tables and control desks.

3.2 Cells.

3.3 Ventilation.

3.4 In-bath apparatus for non-combustible liquids.

3.5 Dry Transformers.

3.6 Step of power lines and pipes through walls, walls and construction partitions.

3.7 Senalization.

4 OTHER PRESCIPCINEMAS 4.1 FIRE SYSTEMS.

4.2 Relief lighting.

4.3 Elements and devices for maneuvering.

4.4 Instructions and elements for first aid delivery.

4.5 Material storage.

5 Corridors and protection zones.

5.1 Service aisles.

5.2 Protection zones against accidental contacts.

6. INSTALLATION DOCUMENTATION.

SITUATION OF INSTALLATIONS.

Indoor electrical installations may be located at:

(a) Buildings intended to house these facilities and are independent of any premises or buildings intended for other uses and separate from them a minimum distance of 3 metres.

These buildings may have walls adjacent to buildings, premises or enclosures, intended for warehouses, workshops, services, offices, etc., affections to the service of the installation, or to the housing of the service personnel if any In these cases, the premises intended to house the electrical installation, will have tickets for staff and equipment, independent of those of other premises.

(b) Buildings intended to house these installations, but adjoining buildings intended for other uses, separate from them a distance of less than 3 metres.

(c) Local or enclosures intended to house those facilities within buildings for other uses.

2. GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR PREMISES AND BUILDINGS.

2.1. INNACESIBIA.

2.1.1 Buildings or premises intended to house high voltage installations inside must be disposed of in such a way as to prevent the access of persons outside the service.

2.1.2 The doors of access to the enclosure in which the high voltage equipment is located and used for the passage of the service personnel, will be generally dejected and will always open to the outside of the enclosure. when these doors open on public roads, they must be able to be lowered on the exterior wall of the facade.

Employment, in such enclosures, of other types of doors, such as guillotine, sliding, removable, etc., shall be permitted, provided that they may be left open as long as it exists within the personal service. In such cases, there must be in such an entry a protection which is easily franked from the inside and which prevents access from the outside.

2.2 STEPS AND ACCESSES.

2.2 .1 All places of passage, such as rooms, corridors, stairways, ramps, etc., must be of adequate dimensions and layout and must be arranged so that their transit is comfortable and safe and not prevented by the the opening of doors or windows or the presence of objects that may pose risks or make it difficult to exit in cases of emergency.

2.2. 2 In the vicinity of elements with tension or machine in motion not protected, the use of overpolished pavements is prohibited.

2.2. 3 The enclosures where there are high voltage installations shall have doors or exits so that their access is as short and direct as possible. If the geometrical characteristics of such enclosure make it necessary, more than one exit door. For emergency exits, the use of sliding bars, ladders or other similar systems is allowed, provided that the installation is of a fixed type.

2.2. 4. Access to underground premises which has to be used regularly several times during the day by the service personnel, will have a step through a ladder of normal rungs with the corresponding handrail. in other cases, access to such premises may be carried out by means of a hatch and by fixed ladders whose steps may be situated in a vertical plane, between which the maximum separation shall be 25 cm.

2.2. 5. Notwithstanding the above, vertical or high-slope fixed ladders may be used to perform oiling, checking or other special uses.

2.2. 6 When existing access to the pavement, intended for scales, wells or the like are open, marked protection must be available to prevent accidents.

2.2. 7 Where there are doors intended for the passage of large parts, another shall be provided for the entry and exit of the staff, which may be a post part of the staff.

2.2. 8 Access to the main machinery and equipment must be easy and allow them to be placed and removed without delay, requiring the existence of installed or rapidly installable devices which, in the case of heavy equipment, will enable their displacement for review, repair or replacement.

2.3 Fuel fluid drives and storage.

2.3.1 Fuel fluid pipelines, the possible breakdowns of which may lead to fluid leaks which, by their characteristics, can lead to the formation of atmospheres with a risk of fire or explosion, shall comply with Specific regulations that apply to them must be far removed from the high-voltage electrical signals, and the placement of both in the same service gallery or service gallery is strictly prohibited. 2.3.2 The storage of fuel fluids shall be located in separate locations of the electrical installations referred to in this Regulation, outside the usual staff pass, in ventilated and independent premises and shall comply with the provisions of this Regulation. which may affect them.

2.4 Water drives and storage.

Pipes and tanks of water storage shall be installed sufficiently far from the elements in tension and in such a way that their breakage cannot cause breakdowns in electrical installations, for this purpose. recommends that the main water pipelines be disposed of in a plane below the electrical energy channels, especially when these are constructed from naked conductors on insulators.

2.5 Sewer.

The general sewerage network, if it exists, should be located on a lower plane than the underground electrical installations, but if, for special reasons, there is a need for a lower level of electricity, electrical installation, the appropriate provisions shall be adopted to protect this from the consequences of any possible filtration.

2.6 Canalizations.

For channelings, the requirements of paragraph 5 of the RAT 05 shall apply.

3. General conditions for the facilities.

3.1 Tables and control desks.

The control desks and desks of the high voltage installations shall be located in suitable amplitude and illumination locations and shall comply with the requirements of the RAT 10.

3.2 Cells.

3.2.1 Where in the high voltage installation apparatus or transformers containing oil or other flammable liquid with a capacity exceeding 50 l are used. Partitions shall be established between them in order to cut as far as possible the effects of the spread of an explosion and of the spill of the liquid.

3.2.2 These separation partitions must be of non-combustible material (class m according to 23 727) and mechanically resistant when they have to be used to support the apparatus.

3.2.3 Oil or non-automatic circuit breakers, whether or not automatic, operated locally, shall be separated from the operator by a partition or screen of non-combustible material (class m according to 23 727) and mechanically resistant to protect against the effects of a possible projection of liquid or explosion at the time of the maneuver.

3.3 Ventilation.

3.3.1 To achieve good ventilation in the cells, premises of the transformers etc., in order to avoid excessive heating, adequate air inlets are provided by the bottom and exits located in the part above, in the case where natural ventilation is used.

The ventilation may be forced, in which the arrangement of the ducts will be the most suitable according to the design of the electrical installation and will have automatic closures for its action in case of fire.

3.3.2 The voids for ventilation must be protected in such a way as to prevent the passage of small animals, when their presence can be caused by breakdowns or accidents and will be arranged or protected in such a way as to If they are directly accessible from the outside, they cannot give rise to inadvertent contacts when they introduce metal objects. must be in the right shape, or have the necessary protection to prevent water from entering.

3.3. 3 In processing centres located in non-exclusive buildings for electrical installations, the ventilation duct shall have its outlet mouth in such a way that the air pulsed does not disturb the other users of the building, used, if necessary, forced ventilation.

3.4 In-bath apparatus for non-combustible liquids.

When these devices are capable of producing harmful gases or vapours, they shall be installed in suitably ventilated premises, or a device for the evacuation of the aforementioned gases or vapours must be provided.

3.5 Dry Transformers.

In the installation of dry transformers, they may be omitted from previous provisions but must be installed in such a way that the heat generated during operation does not pose a risk of fire to the materials nearby.

3.6 Step of power lines and pipes through walls, walls and construction partitions.

3.6.1 The entrances of the overhead power lines to the buildings housing the indoor electrical installations shall be carried out by means of passing insulators arranged in such a way as to prevent the entry of water, or using conductors provided with insulating coatings.

3.6.2 High voltage connections through walls or partitions in the interior of buildings may be made by holes of the dimensions necessary to maintain the distances to mass, either by means of passing insulators, or using conductors provided with insulating coatings.

3.6.3 In the case where naked conductors are used, it is mandatory to establish a free passage for the possible defect intensity from the support device on the wall to the protection land system.

3.7 Senalization.

All electrical installations must be properly signposted and the necessary warnings and instructions must be available in order to prevent errors of interpretation, incorrect manoeuvres and accidental contacts with the Elements in tension, or any other type of accident.

To this end you will consider:

A) All doors giving access to the enclosures in which high voltage equipment is found shall be fitted with signs indicating the existence of high voltage installations.

B) All main machines and machines, cells, panels of tables and circuits, must be differentiated from each other with clearly established marks, marked by labels of dimensions and structure appropriate for their easy reading and understanding. In particular, all elements for the actuation of the manoeuvring apparatus and the apparatus themselves must be clearly marked, including the identification of the opening and closing positions, except where their identification is can make it clear to the naked eye.

C) Danger warning signs must be placed at all points, which are required by the features of the installation or equipment.

D) In areas where the transport of machinery or equipment is provided for during maintenance or assembly work, signs of a gauge and a maximum permissible load shall be affixed.

E) In the main premises and especially in the command posts and offices of the heads or managers of the facilities, there will be schemes of these facilities, at least one of them, and general instructions for service.

4 Other prescriptions.

4.1 Fire systems.

For the determination of fire risk protections to which high voltage electrical installations may occur, in addition to other specific provisions in force, account shall be taken of:

1. The possibility of spreading the fire to other parts of the facility.

2. The possibility of spreading the fire to the outside of the facility, as regards damage to third parties.

3. The presence or absence of permanent service personnel at the facility.

4. The nature and fire resistance of the structure's support structure and its covers.

5. The availability of public fire fighting means.

Among them and with a general character:

For buildings referred to in paragraphs a and b of point 1 of this instruction the provisions governing fire protection in industrial establishments and for those of paragraph c of the standard In the case of construction materials, fire resistance of structures, compartmentalisation, evacuation and in the construction of buildings (NBE CPI), the basic building conditions of protection against fire in buildings (NBE CPI) (i) special attention to those aspects which have not been included in this regulation and which affect the building.

In addition and with specific character, the following measures will be taken:

A) Installation of oil collection devices in collecting pits.

If appliances or transformers containing more than 50 litres of mineral oil are used, an oil collection pit with resistant and watertight coating shall be available, taking into account in its design and sizing the volume of oil you can receive. In this deposit or cubeto there will be a firewall such as: beds of pebbles, symphonen the case of installations with unique collector, etc, when used to centralized pozas of oil collection, it is recommended that these wells be to the cells.

In the case of using transformers with other liquid dielectric with combustion temperatures above 300 degrees Celsius (resins, askarels, etc), they will have a liquid collection system in case of Spill that prevents your outside from going out.

B) Extinction systems.

B. 1) Mobile Extintors. Mobile or portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in such a way that in fire sections with the possibility of class b fire, the minimum necessary extinction efficiency shall be determined according to the volume of flammable liquid or fuel. existing (joins 23110) according to table I.

Tables I and II omitted.

The number of extinguishers selected to achieve the minimum required extinction efficiency should be set by considering:

The available and trained staff to make proper use of the extinguishers simultaneously.

Uniformity in the distribution or concentration of flammable liquids or fuels in the fire sector.

In any case, the actual distance to travel, horizontally, from any point of the protected fire sector, until reaching the nearest extinguisher for this class of fire will not extend from 15 m.

If there is a travelling maintenance staff with the task of monitoring and controlling several installations which do not have fixed staff, this travelling staff must, at least, carry out two fire extinguishers in their vehicles. 144b, in this case, the existence of fire extinguishers in the enclosures which are under their supervision and control.

B. 2) Fixed systems.

In those installations with transformers or apparatus whose dielectic is mineral oil with a unit volume of more than 600 litres or which together exceed 2400 litres a fixed system of extinction must be installed automatic. In the case of installations in public buildings, these volumes will be reduced to 400 litres and 1600 litres respectively.

In these facilities there should be a detailed plan of such a system, as well as testing and maintenance instruction.

In the choice of devices or equipment extinguishers, both mobile or portable and fixed, it will be taken into account whether they will be used in installations in tension or not and in the event that they can only be used in installations without tension affix the relevant warning signs.

The installation project will collect the criteria and measures adopted to achieve the required fire safety.

4.2 Special emergency ports.

In facilities that have permanent staff for their maneuver service, as well as those other than for their importance, the special means of delivery must be available according to the Electrotechnical regulation for low voltage (MI BT 025).

4.3 Elements and devices for manoeuvre.

For the performance of the manoeuvres in the electrical installations of high voltage and according to its characteristics, the elements that are necessary for the safety of the personnel will be used. All these elements must always be in perfect state of use, which will be checked periodically.

4.4 Instructions and elements for first aid delivery.

At all facilities, boards will be placed with instructions on first aid that must be provided to those affected by contacts with elements in tension.

In any installation that requires permanent person service, the essential elements to practice first aid in accident cases, such as emergency kits, stretcher, fire-retardant blankets, etc., will be available. and instructions for use.

4.5 Material storage.

The premises or enclosures housing the electrical installation may not be used as a storage site for materials. The same applies to reserve cells, equipped or not, as well as to parts of the building under construction, when they are close to in-service facilities.

5. CORRIDORS AND PROTECTION ZONES.

5.1 Service aisles.

5.1.1 The width of the service corridors has to be sufficient to allow easy maneuver and inspection of the facilities, as well as the free movement by the same of the people and the transport of the devices in the operations to assemble or revise them.

This width will not be less than the following:

Maneuver corridors with elements in tension at a single side.

1.0m.

Maneuver corridors with elements in tension on both sides 1,2 m.

Inspection aisles with elements in tension at a single side.

0.8m.

Inspection aisles with elements in tension on both sides.

1.0m.

The above values must be completely free, i.e., measured between the outgoing parts that may exist such as apparatus controls, railings, etc..

5.1.2 Non-protected stress elements, which are on the corridors, must be at a minimum height h above the ground measured in cm, equal to:

h= 230 + d.

The corresponding value in the following table is "d":

Nominal voltage of the installation on kv.

Less than or equal to:

20.

30.

45.

66.

110.

132.

220.

"d" in centimeters:

20.

27.

38.

57.

95.

110.

185.

5.1.3 In the area of transport of apparatus, a distance between the elements in tension and the highest point of the moving apparatus shall be maintained, not less than d with a minimum of 40 cm.

5.1.4 In any case, the corridors must be free of all obstacles up to a height of 230 cm.

5.2 Protection zones against accidental contacts.

5.2.1 The open cells of the interior installations must be protected by solid screens, trellis, barriers, isolated borns, etc., which prevent the accidental contact of the persons circulating in the corridor, with the Tension elements of the cells.

Between the elements under stress and such protection, at least the following distance must exist, depending on the type of protection, measured in horizontal and expressed in centimeters.

From the tension elements to screens or solid partitions of non-conductive material:

A=d.

From the tension elements to solid screens or partitions of conductive material:

B=d + 3.

From the tension elements to trellis screens:

C=d + 10.

From the elements in tension to barriers (railings, slats, chains etc):

E= d + 20, with a minimum of 80 cm.

The value given in the table in paragraph 5.1.2 of this instruction is "d".

5.2.2 For the application of the above values, the following must be taken into account:

A) The screens, the solid partitions and the latches, must be arranged so that their upper edge is at a minimum height of 180 cm above the floor of the corridor. may be carried out in such a way that the upper edge is at a minimum height of 100 cma per. if it does not reach 180 cm, the distances corresponding to the barriers indicated in 5.2.1 shall be applied. the lower edge shall be at a maximum height above the ground of 40 cm (c) the barriers of slats, railings or chains shall be The upper edge of the upper edge is at a minimum height x above the floor of 100 cm. in addition, more than one bar or railing must be available so that the height of the largest free hole below the top bar does not exceed 30 per 100 x with a maximum of 40 cm.

5.2.3 When in the lower part of the cell there are no elements in tension, incomplete protection can be performed, i.e. it does not reach the ground, based on screens or grids, it will be at a minimum height above the ground as referred to in paragraphs 5.2.1 and 5.2.2 above and the

lower edge will be at a height above the ground that will be at most 25 cem less than the height of the lowest point in tension.

5.2.4 In cell installations, a protection zone must be established between the protection plane of the cells and the elements in tension. The minimum shape and dimensions of these protection zones are striped in the attached figures, with the following details, which relate to the height, and the nature of the protection and the safety distances indicated above.

Table omitted.

5.2.5 Non-independent enclosures in the case of premises within industrial buildings provided that third-category electrical installations are provided in cells under metal surround and IP 419 protection grade (UNE) 20 324) and which do not contain appliances with combustible liquids may be located at any point in the premises, provided the following conditions are met:

-Not located under the areas swept by bridge cranes, monelles, or other maintenance devices.

-Be surrounded by a protective railing of one meter of height and horizontally separated a minimum of one meter of the aforementioned envelope, so as to prevent the inadvertent approach to the installation.

6. INSTALLATION DOCUMENTATION.

In private facilities, the operating instructions and the control and maintenance instruction book shall be kept at the disposal of the technical staff.

In facilities belonging to utilities, the documentation, which will have the form and structure that is appropriate, will be kept in the place that is best suited to your organization of the holding and maintenance.

Drawings omitted.

MIE-RAT 15 complementary technical instruction :external electrical installations.

INDEX.

1. PROVISION OF FACILITIES

2. GENERIC CINDEXES.

2.1 VALIDATED.

2.2 FACILITY CLASSES.

2.3 TERRAIN.

2.4 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS.

2.5 CORROSION PROTECTION.

2.6 FUELS AND FUELS.

2.7 WATER STORAGE AND STORAGE.

2.8 SEWER.

2.9 CANCELS.

2.10 PROTECTION AGAINST DIRECT DISCHARGE OF LIGHTNING AND SURGE. INCLUDING BY THESE.

2.11 TRANSFORMATION CENTERS INSIDE THE HIGH VOLTAGE PARKS.

2.12 CONTROL FRAMES AND DESKS.

3. CORRIDORS AND PROTECTION ZONES.

3.1 Service aisles.

3.2 Protection zones against accidental contacts inside the installation enclosure.

4. Installations on posts.

4.1 Supports.

4.2 General provisions and installation conditions.

5. Other prescriptions.

5.1 Fire systems.

5.2 Relief lighting.

5.3 Elements and devices for maneuvers.

5.4 Instructions and elements for first aid delivery.

6. Documentation for the installation.

1. Provision of the facilities.

External electrical installations can be arranged:

A) In parks conveniently fenced in their entirety. mobile stations on appropriate vehicles are included in this section.

(B) On posts, in non-fenced areas, in the case of third-category installations (c) in non-fenced areas, in the case of third-category installations under concrete envelopes, of insulating materials, or of metallic cover, intended for processing, drying, measuring or similar centres.

2. General conditions 2.1 fenced.

The entire enclosure of the parks intended for installations referred to in paragraph a above shall be protected by a fence, trellis, or factory work of a height k of at least 2.2 0 metres, measured from the The invention relates to a device for the use of said device, which is provided with warning signs of danger by high voltage, in order to warn about the danger of access to the enclosure to persons outside the service.

2.2 Facility classes. Facilities within the fenced enclosure of the parks may comprise weathering equipment, as well as prefabricated assemblies with compressed air, gas, or analog insulation. There may also be buildings for indoor-type high voltage installations.

2.3 TERRAIN.

The ground must be esplaned in one or more planes, due to protection to avoid the dust, being able to use the means that are considered suitable: gravel, grass, asphalt, or other analogues.

Precautions should be taken to avoid water incharms on the surface of the ground, giving slopes to the ground surface or establishing a suitable drainage system, where necessary.

Also, drainage arrangements should be made in the case of using oil collection pits, as well as cable channels and conduits, both of power and control, signalling or control, telephone or other.

2.4 Atmospheric Conditions.

2.4.1 The atmospheric conditions of the site where the installation site is intended for the influence of temperature, ice, wind, humidity, dust, etc, on equipment and provisions should be taken into account. that it is projected to employ.

2.4.2 The effects of temperature, ice and wind will be taken into account, both as regards the efforts they cause on the elements of the plant, as well as the vibrations that in some elements may occur. the corresponding efforts shall be calculated on the basis of what the regulation of high voltage overhead power lines points to.

2.5 Corrosion Protection.

Measures shall be taken against corrosion which may affect the metal elements due to their exposure to the weathering and appropriate protection, such as galvanised or other coatings, should be used.

2.6 Driving and storage of combustible fluids.

2.6.1 Fuel fluid pipelines, the possible breakdowns of which may cause fluid escapes, which, by their characteristics, may lead to the formation of atmospheres with a risk of fire or explosion, shall comply with Specific regulations that apply to them must be far removed from the high-voltage electrical channels, and the placement of both in a single sundown or service gallery is strictly prohibited.

2.6.2 The storage of fuel fluids will be located in independent locations of electrical installations, outside the usual staff step, and the requirements of the regulations that will be required will be taken into account. affect.

2.7 Water drives and storage.

Pipes and water storage tanks shall be installed sufficiently far from the stress elements in such a way that their breakage cannot cause damage to the electrical installations. For these purposes, it is recommended to have the main water pipes in a plane lower than the electric power pipes, especially when these are constructed on the basis of naked conductors on insulators.

2.8 Sewer.

The general sewerage network, if it exists, should be located on a lower plane than the underground electrical installations, but if, for special reasons, there is a need for a lower level of electricity, electrical installation, the appropriate provisions shall be adopted to protect this from the consequences of any possible filtration.

2.9 Canalizations.

For channelings, the requirements of paragraph 5 of the RAT 05 shall apply.

2.10 Protection against direct discharge of rays and surges induced by these.

In general, facilities located outside the parks referred to in paragraph 1 of this instruction must be protected against the effects of possible lightning strikes directly on the parks. or in their vicinity. For this protection, land drivers located above the premises may be used, or parts of the lightning rod shall be properly distributed according to their characteristics.

For the protection of transformers, reactances and similar devices against induced surges, self-valve loaders or lightning rods will be used, and the use of these devices in the inputs is also recommended. of lines.

The electrical characteristics of these devices will be based on the probable ground current intensities that can be foreseen in case of overvoltage and in particular related to the isolation coordination. which refers to the RAT 12 instruction.

2.11 transformation centers inside the high voltage parks.

In the substations where processing centers are installed, the output of low voltage lines outside the enclosure of these parks is prohibited unless one of the following conditions is met.

(a) that the fed points have a network of land of common protection with that of the high voltage park in such a way as to achieve equipotentiality between the lands.

(b) that the feed is made through isolation transformers, in which case the secondary of these transformers shall have no connection to the ground or the ground of the receiving facility.

2.12 Cuadros and control desks.

The control desks and desks of the high voltage installations shall be located in suitable amplitude and illumination locations, which shall comply with the requirements of the RAT 10.

3. CORRIDORS AND PROTECTION ZONES.

3.1 Service aisles.

3.1.1 for the width of the service corridors is valid as stated in paragraph 5.1.1 of the instruction rat 14.

3.1.2 the non-protected tension elements, which are on the corridors, must be at a minimum height h above the ground measured in centimeters, equal to:

H = 250 + d.

Being d the distance expressed in centimeters, of the corresponding tables of the RAT 12, given in function of the voltage supported nominal to pulse-type pulses adopted for the installation.

The values indicated in the driver-write column will be taken from the tables.

In the determination of this distance, consideration will be given to the maximum arrow that drivers can reach according to the corresponding requirements of the technical regulations of high voltage overhead electric lines.

3.1.3 In areas where the passage of equipment or machines is provided, a minimum distance between the elements in tension and the highest point of those not less than d with a minimum of 50 cm. shall be maintained. maximum allowed for the passage of the appliances or machines.

3.1.4 In any case the service corridors shall be free from any obstacle up to their height of 250 cm above the ground.

3.1.5 In the accessible areas, any element in tension shall be situated at a minimum height above the floor of 230 cm. in the case where the height is less than 230 cm, it is necessary to establish protection systems, as In paragraph 3.2 above, the contact line of the insulator with its socket or support shall be considered to be in tension if it is placed on the ground (see figures).

3.2 Protection zones against accidental contacts inside the installation enclosure.

3.2.1 The protection systems to be established shall keep minimum distances measured in horizontal to the voltage elements which shall be respected throughout the area between the ground and a height of 200 cm which, according to the protection system chosen and expressed in centimetres shall be:

-From the tension elements to the minimum height of 180 cm:

B = d + 3.

-Of the minimum height 180 cm in tension elements:

C = d + 10.

-From the elements in tension to closures of any kind (solid walls, trellis, barriers, etc.) with a height that in no case may be less than 100 cm:

E = d + 30 with a minimum of 80 cm.

Being "d" the same value as defined in 3.1.2 of this instruction.

For the application of these values, account shall be taken of what is indicated in paragraph 5.2.2 of the rat 14 instruction.

3.2.2 Taking into account these minimum distances as well as the free height in the accessible areas referred to in paragraph 3.1.5, the total protection zone to be respected between the protection systems and the elements in voltage is shown as shown in Figure 1, with the following of the following table:

Table omitted.

3.3 Protection zones from accidental contacts from outside the installation enclosure.

3.3.1 To avoid accidental contacts from outside the enclosure of the installation with the elements in tension, the minimum safety distances, horizontal and horizontal measures must be between these and the closure. in centimeters, which are listed below:

-From the elements in tension to the closure when this is a solid wall of height k < 250 + d cm.

F = d + 100 (fig. 2).

-From the elements in tension to the closure when this is a solid wall of height k < =250 + d cm.

-From the elements in tension to the closure when this is a sanding of any height k < = 220 cm.

G = d + 150 (fig. 4).

3.3.2 If the height above the ground of the insulation contact line with its socket grounded, it is less than 230 cm, no service corridors may be established unless a protection is provided between the appliances and the outer closure in such a way as to comply with the requirements of paragraph 3.2. (fig. 5).

Taking into account these minimum requirements, as well as the requirements of this instruction, the protection zones to be established between the closure and the equipment or elements in question. tension, they are striped in figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, as an example.

In all of these, L is the minimum height that drivers must have on the ground, according to the High-Tension Air Electric Lines Technical Regulation.

-X and Y according to fig. 1 and clarifications in paragraph 3.2.2.

-z = aisle width according to paragraph 5.1.1. of the RAT 14 statement.

In any case, the closing differences will be determined with the resulting greater distance: F, G or the sum of Z + Y + thickness of the protection system.

4. INSTALLATIONS ON POSTS.

4.1 Supports.

The supports may be metallic, reinforced concrete, wood or mixed of these materials.

It is recommended to avoid the possible use of wind-throwing winds that hinder the maneuvers of the service personnel.

The support must be calculated taking into account the weights of the installed equipment, in addition to the requirements of the Technical Regulation of the High Tension Lines.

4.2 General provisions and installation conditions.

4.2.1 The height and arrangement of the supports shall be such that the parts which are in service under tension and are not protected against accidental contact shall be at least 5 metres above the ground. The inner part of the mass of the equipment (transformer, switch, capacitors, etc.) must be situated in relation to the ground at a height of not less than 3 metres. In cases where these heights are not met, it will be necessary to establish a protection closure in accordance with the requirements of this instruction.

In all cases, there will be very visible signs of danger signs in the support and the necessary measures will be taken to avoid its escalation.

4.2.2 The grounding of all the elements of the installation will be adjusted to what is set in the RAT 13 Instruction. The protection of the drivers of connection to the level of the ground will be taken care of, so that they are defended against blows, theft, etc.

4.2.3 The devices for the feeding of the power in the feeding of the centres of transformation on the post, shall be placed either in the support itself or in a previous support, in which case they must be visible from the the support of the installation. It shall also be permitted to be installed in a previous support, even if they are not visible from the support of the installation, provided that there is a blockage in the operation of the device, or that its closure is designed in such a way as to require Use of special tools and, therefore, their closure is not normally feasible for people outside the service.

A single cutting device shall be allowed for the operation of the common supply of several transformers, provided that the above conditions are met and when the power of the assembly of the transformers is not higher to 400 KVA.

4.2.4 In cases where the line may be powered by its two ends, manoeuvring devices must be installed on both sides of the installation, as indicated in the preceding paragraph.

5. OTHER PRESCIPLINGS.

5. 1 fire systems.

Material and protective devices should be adopted to avoid as far as possible the occurrence or spread of fires in high-voltage electrical installations taking into account:

1) The spread of fire to other parts of the facility.

2) The possibility of spreading the fire to the outside of the facility, thus respecting third-party damages.

3) The severity of the consequences due to possible service outages.

Fire risks are mainly particulate matter in the insulated transformers or reactances with combustible liquids, in which they will take one or more of the following measures:.

a) Rapid protection devices that cut the power of all the transformer windings. The cutting is not necessary in those windings that do not have the possibility of electric power supply.

b) Choice of sufficient distances to prevent fire from spreading to nearby installations to protect, or firewall wall placement.

c) The construction of collection pits of the insulating liquid. these vats or collection pits (except in the areas of water or protected water catchment areas) do not need to be sized for the entire insulating liquid of the transformer and may even be removed when the contaminated soil can to be removed and the insulating liquid cannot be spilled into surface or underground channels or water supply or waste water disposal channels. In any case where the transformer contains less than 1000 litres of insulating liquid, the pit may be removed.

(d) Installation of appropriate extinguishing devices, where the consequences of the fire can be expected to be particularly severe such as the proximity of the transformers to inhabited buildings, for example.

Mobile or portable fire extinguishers, if they exist, will be located rationally, according to dimensions and layout of the enclosure that houses the installation and its accesses.

In important installations equipped with fixed-type, automatic or manual extinguishing systems, there should be a detailed plane of such system, as well as operating instructions, tests, maintenance, etc.

In the choice of mobile or fixed extinguishing devices or equipment, it will be taken into account whether they will be used in voltage installations or not, and in the event that only the non-voltage installations can be used relevant notice.

The projectionist must justify that he has taken sufficient measures in each case.

5.2 RELIEF LIGHTING.

In facilities that have permanent staff for their service and maneuver, as well as those other than for their importance, they must have the own means of auxiliary lighting that can serve as relief in the case of missing own or external energy, in order to allow the movement of personnel and the first manoeuvres to be required.

The switching of the normal lighting to the relief can be done by hand commutters, although with preference 1 switching will be performed automatically.

5.3 Elements and devices for maneuvers.

For the performance of the maneuvers in the electrical installations of high voltage and according to its characteristics, the necessary elements will be used for the personal safety. All these elements must always be in perfect state of use, which will be checked periodically.

5.4 Instructions and elements for first aid delivery.

In all power stations, substations and transformation centers, plates are placed with instructions on first aid to be provided to those affected by contacts with elements in tension.

In any installation that requires permanent personnel service, the essential elements to practice first aid in accident cases, such as emergency kits, stretcher, fire-retardant blankets, and other equipment, will be available. other, and instructions for use.

6. INSTALLATION DOCUMENTATION.

In private facilities, the operating instructions and the control and maintenance instruction book shall be kept at the disposal of the technical staff.

Facilities belonging to utility utilities, may comply with the above paragraph, dictating an internal standard that establishes the form and structure that the documentation and place should have where it is to be kept at the disposal of technical personnel.

Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are omitted

Mie-Rat 16 Complementary Technical Instruction: Installations Under Metallic Envelope Up To 75.5kv: PREFABRICATED ASSEMBLIES.

INDEX.

1. GENERALTIES.

2. APPLICATION FIELD.

3. SERVICE CONDITIONS.

1. GENERALTIES.

1.1 Aparamenta, according to the standard une 20. 099, is a general term applicable to connecting devices and their combination with the apparatus associated with them, as well as to assemblies and trainers for such apparatus with connections, accessories, envelopes and supports corresponding.

1.2 Prefabricated sets of shavers, under metal wrapping, are those supplied by the assembled manufacturer, and which before leaving the factory have been subjected to the series and type tests specified in the standard UNE 20. 099.Its characteristics, will be adjusted in everything to what is specified in the aforementioned norm and in this Instruction.

1.3 The metal wrap assemblies for the housing of the power transformers, prefabricated or not, as referred to in point 2.3 (a) shall comply with the requirements of the RAT.12 instruction.

2. APPLICATION FIELD.

2.1 This Instruction shall be applied to prefabricated assemblies, mounted under metallic surround, with a higher voltage for the material of up to and including 72,5 kv.

2.2 These assemblies may be installed inside or outside.

2.3 Pre-fabricated assemblies under metal wrap may be used:

a) With other assemblies under prefabricated metal surround or not, for housing of the power transformers.

b) In installations where power transformers are housed in non-metallic cells.

3 SERVICE CONDITIONS.

3.1 Normal service conditions will be adjusted to those specified in UNE 20,099.

3.2 Each detachable cab or cell will carry a feature plate with the following data:

a) Name of the manufacturer or mark of identification.

b) Serial number or type designation, which allows to obtain all the necessary information from the manufacturer.

c) Nominal tension.

d) Nominal intensities of general bars and circuits.

E) Nominal frequency.

Each of the features will be determined according to what is specified in the une 20 standard. 099.

3.3 In order for a prefabricated assembly, under metallic surround, to be mounted on the outside, it must have previously been subjected to the tests for protection against weathering specified in UNE 20,099.

3.4 The ground connection of the metal envelopes shall be made as indicated in the RAT 13 instruction.

MIE-RAT 17 complementary technical instruction: installations under insulating envelope up to 36 kv: prefabricated assembly.

INDEX.

1. GENERALTIES.

2. APPLICATION FIELD.

3. Enveloping.

4. CONCEPTION AND CONSTRUCTION.

5. GROUNDING DRYERS AND SECTIONATORS.

6. Rehearsals.

7. SERVICE CONDITIONS.

1. GENERALTIES.

Pre-fabricated assemblies shall be considered as pre-assembled modules and which before leaving the factory have been subjected to the series and type tests provided for in paragraph 6. Therefore, it is not necessary for these assemblies to meet the requirements for minimum distances established in the instruction at rat 12.

2. APPLICATION FIELD

This instruction shall be applied to prefabricated assemblies of either installed or mounted under the highest voltage insulator enclosure for the material up to and including 36 kv for indoor installation.

3. Enveloping.

All the apartaments constituting these assemblies shall be covered by an insulating envelope, except for their external connections.

The enclosure shall consist of solid insulating material and shall be capable of resisting mechanical, electrical and thermal stresses, as well as the effects of moisture and ageing which may occur at the site of its installation.

The characteristics of the envelope will be such that accidental contact with it does not pose a risk to people.

The isolation will respond to all the requirements of the nominal isolation level in accordance with section 4.1.

4 CONCEPTION AND CONSTRUCTION.

The insulating enclosure shall be constructed in such a way that normal operation and maintenance operations are carried out without risk. There will be effective devices to prevent accidental contacts with points in tension even when the removable parts of the installation are completely removed.

4.1 ISOLATING EVOLVENTE.

Insulating envelopes must meet the following conditions:

A) The thickness of the insulating material of the enclosure shall be sufficient to withstand the test voltages specified in the rat 12 instruction.

B) The capacitive currents and leakage currents shall not exceed 0,5 ma in the test conditions provided for in paragraph 6.

C) The isolation between the main circuit and the accessible surface of the insulating enclosure shall withstand the test voltages provided for in the RAT 12 instruction.

4.2 AUXILIARY CIRCUITS.

The wiring or connection of the auxiliary circuits shall comply with all the requirements of the UNE 20 standard. 099.

5 GROUNDING AND SECTIONATORS.

The grounding dryers and sectionators shall comply with the requirements of the standard binding 20. 099.

The leakage currents through the sectioning distance shall not exceed 0,5 ma in the test conditions provided for in paragraph 6.

6. Rehearsals.

In the apparatus under insulating envelope in addition to the individual and type tests and verifications, indicated for the apparatus under metallic envelope in the standard une 20. 099 a partial discharge test shall be carried out.

7. SERVICE CONDITIONS.

7.1 In the installation of assemblies protected by insulating envelope the following must be taken into account:

For the peculiar characteristics of the equipment with insulating envelope, it will be necessary to consider the condensation and humidity conditions existing inside the premises where they are installed.

It will not be necessary to maintain the dimensions of service corridors, nor of the areas of protection against accidental contacts indicated in the instruction rat 14the corridors will have the necessary width for the circulation of the service personnel and for the handling and maintenance of the equipment.

7.2 It will be possible to interlock between the different elements of the apartment, both for security reasons and to facilitate the service. In respect of the main circuits the interlocks shall comply with the rules indicated in the standard une 20. 099.

7.3 The required grounding must be performed according to the RAT 13 instruction.

7.4 All modules must bear in place a visible plate of characteristics, which must include at least the following:

A) Name of the manufacturer or mark of identification.

B) Nominal tension.

(c) Maximum nominal service intensity.

D) Maximum support of a supporting short circuit.

E) Nominal frequency.

F) Level of nominal isolation.

G) Year of manufacture.

Mie-rat 18 complementary technical instruction: " installations under metal envelope up to 75,5 kv or higher, isolated with sulphur hexafloride (sf6)

Index. 1.GENERALTIES.

2. APPLICATION FIELD.

3.SECIONERS.

4. CONTACT AND PASS VOLTAGES.

5. SERVICE CONDITIONS.

1. GENERALTIES.

It is established as a mandatory standard for these installations the standard joins 20. 141, being exempt from the application of the regulation of pressure equipment.

2. APPLICATION FIELD.

2.1 This instruction shall be applied to installations of 72,5 kv or higher under sf6 insulated metal envelopes in which the bars, automatic switches, dryers, measuring transformers, etc., are contained in containers or metal envelopes filled with said sf6 gas which serves as an insulating element and as an arc extinguishing fluid in the switches.

2.2 This instruction will apply to both indoor and outdoor mounted installations.

3. SECTIONERS.

The security systems between the mobile elements and the position indicator will be guaranteed to prevent breakages that cause errors that can induce false maneuvers.

4. CONTACT AND PASS VOLTAGES.

The contact and pass voltages that may appear on the decks will comply with the RAT 13 on ground installations, and equipotential connections between decks will be placed in the cases.

5. SERVICE CONDITIONS.

5.1 The safety elements sufficient to prevent the explosion of the metal envelope in the event of internal defect shall be provided and the exhaust directions of the pressure limiters shall be chosen to prevent accidents in the case. service personnel.

5.2 Compensation systems for the dilation of the set of bars and their wrappers shall be established.

5.3 Alarm systems will be provided for loss of internal gas pressure.

5.4 In the design of the buildings, the way to prevent the leakage of SF6 gas, which is heavier than the air, will be studied, accumulated in galleries or low zones not foreseen for this purpose, establishing itself if necessary, systems artificial ventilation and air renewal. It will prevent escaped gas from being able to go out into public service culverts.

5.5 On the premises of the facility and at the disposal of the service personnel, there shall be a copy of the standards for the maintenance and verification of the conditions of sealing.

Mie-rat 19 complementary technical instruction: " private facilities connected to public service networks.

Index

1. ARRANGEMENT OF THE INSTALLATION.

2. LOCATION.

3. SPECIAL RULES.

4. DATA TO BE PROVIDED BY THE SUPPLY COMPANIES.

1. ARRANGEMENT OF THE INSTALLATION.

Within the private facilities there may be high voltage parts affecting the operation of the public service networks provided that they are not accessible to the owner of the installation. Those parts may be:

-Arrival or output cells of high voltage lines.

-General protection appliances.

-Measurement teams.

Inaccessibility may be achieved by the complete closure of the cells, by the encalvment or sealing of doors and registers as well as the control of the manoeuvres, or by the separation of premises.

In any of the cases, the sectionator and/or the general switch of the private installation, may be operated by the owner of the same, and the counters will be arranged so that their indications can be observed by him.

The interior layout must allow the operation of the public network to have access at all times to the general switch control, the cutting section and the measuring equipment.

In a private facility there may be parts that are transferred in operation, use or other system of shared operation to the supplying power company. where this occurs, a written agreement shall be drawn up in which the holding and maintenance responsibilities are fixed, and shall be forwarded to the competent authority of the Autonomous Community.

2. LOCATION.

The site will be chosen in such a way that the personnel belonging to the operation of the public service network have at any time direct and easy access to the part of the installation affects their exploitation, and the entry door must preferably be placed on a public road or, in another case, on a private road for free access. in the case of failure to comply with this condition, an energy delivery centre shall be provided at a point meeting the pre-fixed conditions, in which a cutting device shall be installed to allow the private installation of the network to be separated from the network. of public distribution, the equipment of measurement, if this is carried out in high voltage, and adequate protection.

3. SPECIAL RULES.

Energy distribution companies, in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 of the Regulation, may propose special rules which comply with this Regulation, so as to ensure that private installations are adapted to the structure of their networks and the practices of their operation, as well as due coordination of isolation and protection and to facilitate the monitoring and surveillance of such facilities. These rules may be proposed by a group of companies to achieve greater standardisation.

Such rules will be approved by the Ministry of Industry and Energy on a proposal from the General Energy Directorate and prior to the report of the Directorates General concerned.

4. DATA TO BE PROVIDED BY THE SUPPLY COMPANIES.

The supply companies shall provide the following data to the holders of private installations, in service or in the project, referred to the connection point:

-The nominal voltage of the network.

-Isolation level.

-Maximum triphasic and ground-short intensity.

-Maximum disconnect times in case of defects.

-How much data is accurate for project development and depends on how the network works.

Mie-rat 20 complementary technical instruction; "foreprojects and projects" index

1. PRELIMINARY.

1.1 Purpose

1.2 Documents that you understand

2. Project of implementation.

2.1 purpose

2.2 Comprising documents

3. Extension or modification project.

1. PRELIMINARY.

1.1 PURPOSE.

The preliminary draft of a high voltage facility may be used for the processing of the relevant authorisation by the administration, if the applicant considers the need for his/her presentation with prior to the preparation of the implementation project.

1.2 Documents of Comprising.

The preliminary draft of a high voltage electrical installation shall, in general, consist of at least the following documents:

-Memory

-Budget-Planes

1.2.1 Memory.

Memory-document must include:

a) Justification of the need for the installation.

b) Indication of the installation site, indicating the use rating of the site of the site.

(c) Description of the installation as a whole, indicating the main characteristics of the installation, indicating that the requirements of the regulations of the Ministry of Industry and Energy that affect it will be fulfilled.

d) Indication of the various stages in which the installation of the electrical installation is planned.

1.2.2 Planes.

The flat document must include:

a) Planned situation plan.

b) Pipeline scheme with adjacent installations of the high voltage network.

(c) A simplified unified scheme for the installation as a whole, indicating, where appropriate, the planned extensions as well as the existing installations.

d) General floor plan and more significant sections.

2. PROJECT OF IMPLEMENTATION. 2.1 PURPOSE.

Execution Project is the basic document for the realization of the work. it shall contain the data necessary for the installation to be technically and economically defined, so that it can be executed under the direction of a competent technician other than the project author.

2.2 Documents that you understand.

The project for the execution of a high-voltage electrical installation will consist of the following documents:

-Memory

-Technical specifications.

-Budget.

-Planes.

For the processing of an administrative authorisation, the submission of the specification shall not be required.

2.2 .1 Memory.

In memory all explanations and precise information will be given for the correct direction of the work, it will include the supporting calculations and will comprise:

a) Justification of the need for the installation, in case of requesting authorization.

b) Indication of the installation site.

c) Description of the same, pointing out its characteristics, as well as the main elements that it is intended to use.

d) Justification that in the set of the installation the regulations that are established in the regulations of the ministry of industry and energy are met.

When, in accordance with Article 10 of the Regulation, solutions are proposed that do not exactly meet the requirements of the Regulation, detailed justification for the proposed solution should be made.

2.2.2 Technical specifications.

The technical specifications shall contain the information necessary to define the materials, equipment and equipment and their correct assembly.