Invasive alien species are one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss in the world, which is exacerbated in particularly vulnerable habitats and ecosystems, such as islands and waters. continental. The introduction of these invasive species can also cause serious damage to the economy, especially agricultural, livestock and forestry production, and even public health.

There is great concern about the growing expansion of these species. The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, ratified by Spain in 1993, recognized the existence of this problem and stated in its article 8.h that each Contracting Party, to the extent of its possibilities, will prevent it from being introduce, control, or eradicate alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats or species.

At the level of the European Union, Directive 2009 /147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds, as set out in Article 11 thereof, is laid down by the Member States. ensure that the possible introduction of species of birds which do not normally live in the wild in the European territory is detrimental to local fauna and flora. For its part, Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora lays down, in Article 22, that Member States shall ensure that the introduction of the intended in the nature of a species which is not native to its territory, is regulated in such a way as not to prejudice indigenous wild fauna and flora, or to their natural habitats in their natural range and, if they consider it necessary, prohibit such introduction. In this context, in 2008, the European Commission adopted the Communication "Towards a European Union Strategy on Invasive Species" (COM (2008) 789 final).

In the marine field, the European Union has Directive 2008 /56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for Community action for the policy of the marine environment (Directive framework on the marine strategy), which aims to achieve or maintain the good environmental status of the marine environment, by 2020 at the latest. According to this, the definition of good environmental status is based on 11 descriptors, including one specific to the aloctony species. This Directive has been transposed into Spanish legislation through Law 41/2010 of 29 December on the protection of the marine environment. On the other hand, in the year 2004, the "International Convention for the Control and Management of the Water of the Laity and Sediments of the Ships" was adopted, one of whose main purposes is to avoid the introduction of exotic or aloctonous species in the marine and coastal ecosystems.

On the other hand, the presence of invasive alien species in the Hydrographic Demarcations puts at risk compliance with the environmental objectives set out in Article 4 of the Parliament's Directive 2000 /60/EC. European Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a Community framework for action in the field of water policy (Framework Directive on Water).

For its part, Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 of 9 December 1996 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by the control of their trade, which regulates the application of the CITES Convention in the territory of the European Union, allows the inclusion in its annexes of species whose introduction into the natural environment of the European Union constitutes an ecological threat to indigenous wild species. This application is regulated by regulations, which are regularly updated, in which the suspension of the introduction of species into the European Union is established.

At the national level, since 1995 the introduction or unauthorized release of species that are harmful to biological equilibrium, is a crime against the environment in the Organic Law 10/1995, of 23 November, of the Criminal Code. Law 26/2007, of 23 October, environmental liability, has identified, through Royal Decree 2090 /2008, 22 December, partial development of that Law, as a causative agent of biological damage, among others, the alien species invasive.

For its part, Law 42/2007, of December 13, of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, established that the competent public administrations will prohibit the introduction of species, subspecies or aloctony geographical breeds, where they are susceptible to competition with indigenous wild species, alter their genetic purity or ecological balances, in accordance with Article 52.2 thereof. In addition, I believe, in Article 61.1, the Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, in which all invasive alien species and subspecies that constitute, in fact, or may become a serious threat to the indigenous species, habitats or ecosystems, agronomy, or for the economic resources associated with the use of natural heritage. This catalogue will be administrative and state-wide, and will be dependent on Agriculture, Food and the Environment, which will specify its structure and operation, and regulate it.

In the development of this standard, the Royal Decree 1628/2011 of 14 November, which regulates the Spanish listing and catalogue of invasive alien species, was enacted. Its application, raised various difficulties, which led to the presentation of resources which were the subject of the orders of 28 March and 22 June 2012, of Section 3 of the Third Chamber of the Court of Justice of the Supreme Court and of the enactment of the Agreement of the Council of Ministers of 24 February 2012, in response to the requirements of the governments of the autonomous communities of Aragon, Castilla y León and Catalonia, under the auspices of the provided for in Article 4 (3) of Law 29/1998 of 13 July, regulating jurisdiction Administrative-Administrative dispute in relation to Royal Decree 1628/2011 of 14 November. This Agreement, published in the BOE of 19 March 2012, annulled Articles 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 transitional provision and Annex II to Royal Decree 1628/2011 of 14 November in respect of the species included in the list and agreed to initiate the procedure of modification of the aforementioned royal decree. In this context, the present royal decree gives an answer to the content of the aforementioned Council of Ministers Agreement.

Among the most significant modifications contemplated in this royal decree are the substitution of the aforementioned list by the elaboration, of an indicative relationship of the species with invasive potential, to the object of to monitor and monitor and specify in another paragraph the identification of procedures and powers in the case of intervention of these species at border inspection posts.

Reviewed the policy of control of invasive alien species in light of the experience gained during the year and a half of implementation of Royal Decree 1628/2011 of 14 November, a new text is to be enacted which, Following a public policy of gradual application in the control of these exotic species, it avoids the undesirable effects that this royal decree produced, especially with respect to the mechanism of application of article 61.4 of Law 42/2007, through the "Listing" of potentially invasive species in Annex II, which now disappears to lead a more coordinated and non-preventive monitoring of the control of autonomic powers and property rights, such as those involving the list and the Annex, which are deleted. To ensure that there is no invasive effect of these powers or limitation of rights, the present royal decree declares the retroactivity of this part of the same one by putting as date to the quo the date of December 13, 2011, thus disappearing the effects on this subject of Royal Decree 1628/2011.

The inclusion of new species in the catalogue (Acrothämnion preissii, Didymosphenia geminata, Graciaria vermiculophylla, Lophocladia lallemandii, Womersleyella setacea, Arbutus unedo, Centranthus ruber, Cytisus scopius, Eschscholzia californica, Ricinus communis, Spartium junceum for Canarias, Crassula helmsii, Elodea nuttallii, Fallopia baldschuanica, Hedychium gardnerianum, Hydrocotyle ranunculoides, Nicotiana glauca, Nymphaea mexicana, Oxalis pes-caprae, Crepidula fornicata, Dreissena bugensis, Ficopomatus enigmaticus, Melanoides tuberculatus, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Potamocorbula amurensis, Rhopilema nomadica, Limnoperna escurris, Dysdera cročata, Ommatoiulus moreletii for the Canary Islands, Linepithema humile, Monomorium destroyer, Paratrechina longicornis, Tapinoma melanocephalum. Armadillidium vulgare for Canarias, Dyspanopeus sayi, Dikerogammarus villosus, Orconnectes limos, Percnon gibbesi except Canary Islands, Rhithropanopanous harrissii. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus. Dutaphrynus melanostictus. Acridotheres spp., Alopochen aegyptiacus, Branta canadensis, Pycnonotus caper, Pycnonotus jocossus, Quelea quelea, Threskiornis aethiopicus, Atelerix albiventris, Hemiechinus auritus, Herpests javanicus and Rousettus aegyptiacus) and some that were previously cataloged (Batrachocytrium dendrobatidis. Udaria pinnatifida and Helianthus tuberosus), is due to the conduct of a scientific technical analysis in depth and a process of debate, which have been accredited both, in the dossier of elaboration of the present royal decree and that, both, justify these changes.

In the elaboration of this royal decree, the Commission and the State Council for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity have been consulted. It has also submitted to the public information procedure that it provides for environmental impact rules under Articles 16 and 18 of Law 27/2006 of 18 July on the rights of access to public participation information and access to justice in the field of the environment.

In its virtue, on the proposal of the Minister of Agriculture, Food and Environment, with the prior approval of the Minister of Finance and Public Administrations, in agreement with the Council of State and after deliberation of the Council of Ministers, at their meeting on 2 August 2013,

DISPONGO:

CHAPTER I

General provisions

Article 1. Object.

1. The purpose of this royal decree is to regulate the Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species (hereinafter the catalogue) and in particular, to establish:

a. The characteristics, contents, criteria and procedures for the inclusion or exclusion of species in the catalogue.

b. The necessary measures to prevent the introduction of invasive alien species and for their control and possible eradication.

c. The characteristics and content of management strategies, control and possible eradication of invasive alien species.

2. This royal decree will not apply to:

a. Plant genetic resources for agriculture and food, which are regulated by Law 30/2006, of July 26, of Seed and Plant Plant and Plant Genetic Resources.

b. The fishery resources regulated by Law 3/2001, of 26 March, of Maritime Fisheries of the State.

c. Zoogenetic resources for agriculture and food, which will be governed by their specific regulations.

3. In relation to the plant genetic, fishery and zoogenetic resources of the previous point, in the case of species referred to in the catalogue, the necessary and appropriate measures must be taken to avoid possible expansion into the natural environment, outside the the approved zones.

Article 2. Definitions.

For the purposes of this standard, it is understood by:

Risk analysis: refers to the scientific-technical assessment of the probability and the consequences (of the risk) of the introduction and establishment of an exotic species in the natural environment and of the measures that may apply to reduce or control those risks.

Animal asilvdais: animal specimen of domestic origin, which is established and moved freely in the natural environment and does not live or be farmed under the protection, management or supervision of persons.

Production animals: animals for production, reproduction, bait or slaughter, including fur animals or for hunting or for hunting, keeping, priming or reared for the production of food, or products of origin animal for any industrial use or other commercial or lucrative purpose.

Domestic animals: animals belonging to species that are usually bred, reproduced and cohabiting with people and do not belong to wild fauna, also taking into consideration the animals that are bred for the production of meat, skin or some other product useful for human beings, cargo animals and those working in agriculture.

Company animals: pets that people generally maintain in the household to obtain company, because they belong to species that breed and own traditional and usually man, in order to live in Household domesticity, as well as accompanying, driving and helping people who are blind or with a large or severe visual impairment.

Animal of exotic company: animal of the wild non-native fauna that individually depends on the humans, coexists with them and has assumed the custom of the captivity.

Control: the action of the competent authority or the authority or supervised by it, intended for one of the following purposes with respect to an invasive exotic species: to reduce its range, to limit its abundance and density or prevent its dispersion.

Native or native species: the existing one within its range of distribution and natural dispersion.

Exotic or aloctone species: refers to species and subspecies, including their parts, gametes, seeds, eggs or propagules that may survive or reproduce, introduced outside their area of natural distribution and their area dispersion potential, which could not have been occupied without direct or indirect introduction, or without the care of man.

invasive exotic species: an exotic species that is introduced or established in an ecosystem or natural or semi-natural habitat, and which is an agent of change and threat to native biological diversity, whether by its invasive behavior, or because of the risk of genetic contamination.

exotic species with invasive potential: an exotic species that could become an invader in Spain, and in particular that which has demonstrated this character in other countries or regions of ecological conditions similar to those of Spain.

Eradication: process aimed at eliminating the entire population of a species.

Promotion: measures taken with respect to an invasive exotic species in order to increase their distribution and/or the size of their populations.

Hybrid: the copy from the breeding of specimens of different species, at least one of them species of the catalogue.

Introduction: refers to the movement by human, voluntary or accidental action of a species outside its natural range. This movement can be carried out within a country, or between countries or areas outside the national jurisdiction.

Invasion: action of an invasive species due to the growth of its population and its expansion, which begins to produce negative effects on the ecosystems where it has been introduced.

zoos: establishments, public or private, which, irrespective of the days in which they are open to the public, are permanent and keep live animals of wild species for exposure.

Asilvestrada plant: plant specimen that grows in the wild but comes from seed or other type of plant propagulus grown from domestic stretch.

Zoogenetic resources: those species of animals that are used, or can be used, for food production and agriculture.

Plant genetic resources: any genetic material of plant origin, which by extension includes fungi, with real or potential value for agriculture and food.

Fishing resources: living marine resources, as well as their skeletons and other products, susceptible to exploitation.

Release: release of specimens of non-catalogued aloctonus species that are the object of fish farming or hunting, in those who have authorized such releases before the entry into force of the Law. 42/2007, of December 13, of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, and be done in order to capture and extract the specimens from the medium immediately.

For the purposes of this royal decree, the reference to species also includes its subspecies.

Article 3. Territorial scope of application.

1. This rule shall apply in the territory of the Spanish State and in marine waters under Spanish sovereignty or jurisdiction, including the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf.

The territorial scope of application for each species in the catalogue is detailed in the Annex.

2. The provisions of the foregoing paragraph shall be without prejudice to the actions of international cooperation or the jurisdiction of the Spanish State in respect of persons and vessels, aircraft or installations, in the cases provided for in Article 6 of the Law. 42/2007, dated December 13.

CHAPTER II

From Catalog

Article 4. Content and features.

1. The catalogue includes exotic species for which there is scientific and technical information indicating that they pose a serious threat to indigenous species, habitats or ecosystems, agronomy or economic resources. associated with the use of natural heritage, in accordance with Article 61.1 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December. The species included in the catalogue are those listed in the Annex.

2. The catalogue is a public register, administrative and state-wide, whose custody and maintenance is administratively dependent on the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment. The information contained in the catalogue is public, and access to it is regulated in accordance with the provisions of Law 27/2006, of July 18, governing the rights of access to information, public participation and access to justice in the environmental matter.

3. The catalogue is integrated into the Spanish Inventory of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, according to the provisions of Article 9 of Law 42/2007, of December 13.

Article 5. Procedures for the inclusion or exclusion of species.

1. The inclusion or exclusion of a species in the catalogue will be carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, on the initiative of the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla or the Ministry itself.

2. With the scientific and technical information submitted, as well as with that other than the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the General Directorate of Quality and Environmental Assessment and the Natural Environment of the cited Ministry shall appraise the application and, where appropriate, draw up a supporting technical document, including a risk analysis. This memory will be studied in the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, which will approve, if necessary, a proposal to modify the catalogue addressed to the General Directorate of Environmental Quality and Evaluation, for their processing by ministerial order.

The State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity shall consult, in the field of alien species and taking into account the provisions of the additional provision of this standard, the scientific committee provided for in this Regulation. Article 7 of Royal Decree 139/2011 of 4 February for the development of the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species.

3. Any citizen or organization may request the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment's Environmental and Environmental Quality and Environmental Assessment, the initiation of the procedure for the inclusion or exclusion of a species in the catalogue. The application submitted shall be motivated and accompanied by the technical or scientific information supporting the application, as well as the references of the technical reports and scientific publications supporting that request. This request will be addressed to the General Directorate of Environmental and Environmental Quality and Evaluation and may be presented in the places set out in article 38.4 of Law 30/1992, of November 26, of the Legal Regime of the Administrations Public and the Common Administrative Procedure. Similarly, the application may be submitted by electronic means, in accordance with the provisions of Law 11/2007, of 22 June, of electronic access of citizens to public services.

In the event that the application is defective or incomplete, the applicant will be required to remedy the defects or provide the supplemental documentation within three months.

Expiry of that period without the applicant subsating such defects or submitting the supplementary documentation, the file shall be agreed upon, and shall be notified to it. In the event that the applicant subsates the defects or presents the supplementary documentation in the time provided for, the processing shall continue, in accordance with the provisions of point 2.

Once the application has been assessed, the Environmental and Environmental Quality and Assessment Directorate will notify the decision in a reasoned manner to the applicant, within the maximum period of six months from the date of receipt of the request. request.

The resolution issued by the General Directorate of Environmental and Environmental Quality and Evaluation does not end the administrative route and the same goat will bring an appeal to the Secretary of State for the Environment, within the time limits referred to in Article 115 of Law No 30/1992 of 26 November 1992, of the Legal System of Public Administrations and of the Common Administrative Procedure.

After the maximum period of six months without any express resolution, your request shall be deemed to be deemed to be your request as set out in Article 43.1 of Law 30/1992 of 26 November.

4. Only species that have been taxonomically described in a scientific publication of recognised prestige and have been accepted by the scientific community may be included in the catalogue.

5. In the event of a serious threat arising from the appearance of an invasive exotic species not included in the catalogue, the procedure shall be dealt with as a matter of urgency in accordance with Article 50 of the Law. 30/1992, of 26 November, of the Legal Regime of Public Administrations and of the Common Administrative Procedure.

6. Once the processing has been completed, the draft order containing the modification of the annex of this royal decree to include or exclude some species, will be raised for approval by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, in accordance with Article 61.2 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007, and subsequently published in the Official Gazette of the State.

Article 6. Information contained in the log.

1. The catalog record includes for each species the following information:

a. Scientific name, vulgar names and taxonomic position.

b. Administrative process of its inclusion.

c. Territorial area occupied by the species in its original area, in areas where it is introduced outside Spain and in detail in areas where it is introduced in Spain. Species and habitat types that are most vulnerable to their possible introduction shall also be included.

d. Criteria and brief technical and scientific justification for the causes of inclusion.

e. Reference to the strategies and plans of prevention, control and possible eradication approved by the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla or to the strategies approved by the General Administration of the State affecting the species.

2. The information contained in the catalogue register will be provided and updated by the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla or by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment and will be available to the public in the The Ministry's website.

Article 7. Effects of the inclusion of a species in the catalog.

1. The inclusion of a species in the catalogue, according to Article 61.3 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, entails the generic prohibition of their possession, transport, traffic and trade of live or dead specimens, their remains or propagules, including foreign trade. This prohibition is limited to the scope specified for each species in the Annex. This prohibition may be without effect, subject to the administrative authorization of the competent administration in the environment of the General Administration of the State or the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla, where necessary by reasons for research, health or safety of people.

2. The inclusion of a species in the catalogue, in accordance with Article 52.2 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, entails the prohibition of its introduction into the natural environment in the field of the national territory of application set out in the Annex.

3. Specimens of the animal and plant species included in the catalogue which are extracted from the wild by any procedure may not be returned to the natural environment. This prohibition may be without effect in the case of research, health or safety of persons, previously authorised by the competent authority in the environment of the General Administration of the State or the Autonomous Communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

4. In any event, action or behaviour intended to promote the species included in the catalogue may be envisaged. In particular, in the exercise of fishing in inland waters, the use as live or dead bait of any copy of those species or parts thereof and derivatives shall be prohibited.

CHAPTER III

Prevention and control measures against invasive alien species

Article 8. General follow-up and prevention measures.

1. The autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the General Administration of the State, within the framework of their powers, shall carry out the general monitoring of alien species with invasive potential, as determined by Article 61.4 of the Law 42/2007, of 13 December. To this end, they shall establish an indicative relationship in which the alien species are included for which, due to their particular circumstances, it is advisable to maintain a higher level of control and surveillance in order to propose, where appropriate, their inclusion in the catalog.

In any case, within the framework of the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, an indicative relationship of species with invasive potential will be established, especially in the case of species that are distributed by means or habitats that may affect more than one Autonomous Community or those that have demonstrated that character in other countries or regions. This relationship will be made public on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment.

2. The release for the first time of a single-octane species not included in the catalogue shall only be authorised, in the case of a favourable risk analysis and a prior authorisation of the competent authority in the environment of the autonomous communities or cities of Ceuta and Melilla or, in the field of their competences, of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment.

In case the competition is from the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment, this authorization will be granted, after a binding report of the Directorate General of Quality and Environmental Assessment and Natural Environment, by the Director General of Health of Agricultural Production in the field of Law 43/2002, of 20 November, by the Director General of Fisheries and Aquaculture Resources in the field of Law 3/2001, of March 26, and by the Director General of Sustainability of the Costa and the Sea in the ambit of Law 41/2010, of 29 December. The remaining assumptions will be awarded by the Director General of Quality and Environmental Assessment and Natural Environment.

The applicant for the release must submit the risk analysis for assessment by the competent authority in the environment in his request, who will seek, if necessary, the opinion of the scientific committee to which he/she is refers to the additional provision of the present royal decree. The State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity shall be informed of such releases.

When the release is to occur in places, media or habitats that may affect more than one autonomous community, as is the case with numerous river courses or marine waters, it must be authorized by the authority. competent in the field of the environment of the General Administration of the State or the Autonomous Community or cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in the field of their competence, after approval by the State Commission for Natural Heritage and the Biodiversity.

3. The risk analysis of the preceding paragraph shall contain at least information on the probability of escape or accidental release, of establishing itself in nature, of becoming a pest, of causing environmental damage or of adversely affecting the environment. the indigenous biodiversity or the economic resources associated with the natural heritage and a description of the actions planned to be carried out in the event of escape or accidental release, with a view to the feasibility and control techniques, eradication or containment. It shall also be included in the analysis if the specimen is derived from captive breeding, knowledge of the problem, if any, caused by the species in other places and the existence of effective means to reduce the risk of escape or accidental release.

Article 9. Urgent measures.

In the event of a serious threat arising from the occurrence of an invasive exotic species, whether or not included in the catalogue, and in parallel with the provisions of Article 5, the alert network shall be informed. in Article 12, and shall be applied as a matter of urgency, by the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the General Administration of the State in the field of their powers or other competent authorities, in coordination with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment, the necessary measures for the monitoring, control and possible eradication of the said species, within the framework of the operation established in the alert network.

Article 10. Measures to combat invasive alien species in the catalogue.

1. The competent authorities shall, where appropriate, take the measures for the management, control and possible eradication of the species included in the catalogue. Within the framework of control and eradication strategies, plans and campaigns, the competent authorities may authorise the temporary possession and transport of specimens of these species to the site of their elimination from the natural environment, which shall be carried out in the shortest possible time and in accordance with sectoral legislation on this subject.

These management, control and possible eradication measures will be adopted in accordance with the priorities determined by the seriousness of the threat and the degree of difficulty expected to be eradicated.

2. The General Directorate of the Merchant Marine of the Ministry of Public Works and the General Directorate of Sustainability of the Coast and the Sea, the Directorate General of Water and the General Secretariat of Fisheries as competent agencies of the General Administration of the State and the autonomous communities, in the field of their competences, shall apply measures of prevention, control and management of the species included in the catalogue in the recreational and sporting activities developed in the continental and marine waters. In the case of catalogue species detected in watercraft ballast waters, the prevention, control and management measures laid down by the International Maritime Organisation in this field shall apply, in particular through the provisions of the the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Sediment of Ships, 2004, and the guidelines and criteria set out in the Regional Marine Protection Conventions.

3. The competent authorities shall require the promoters of works in channels to report on the presence of species in the catalogue in those bodies of water which are to be the source of temporary or permanent water transfers or deviations. In case of presence of these species, the project will be reviewed to study alternatives and prevention measures that do not involve dispersion of these species, or the suspension of the project will be assessed. Similarly, if work is carried out on species affected by species in the catalogue, preventive protocols for the dispersal of the species must be applied to non-affected channels.

4. The competent authorities may require land holders to provide information and access to their representatives in order to verify the presence of invasive alien species and, where appropriate, to take appropriate measures for their use. control.

5. Taking into account criteria of selectivity and animal welfare, the competent authorities shall authorise the most appropriate trapping methods and conditions for the control, management and possible eradication of animal species included in the catalogue. Hunting and fishing may be considered as methods of control, management and eradication of the species included in the catalogue, the introduction of which occurred prior to the entry into force of Law 42/2007 of 13 December, when the objective is included in the regulatory instruments for hunting and fishing and is limited to the areas of distribution occupied by these species prior to that date.

6. The competent authorities in the environment shall take measures to prevent the abandonment of the remains of exotic plant species, with the exception of those accumulated in the framework of eradication campaigns, provided that they do not present a risk of dispersion.

Article 11. Control measures in the consignments submitted for inspection at the Border Inspection Posts (PIF).

1. Where specimens of the catalogue species are presented at the border inspection posts to the veterinary or phytosanitary authorities, the official veterinarian or the plant health inspector shall decide on the rejection of the " The detection of these species may be carried out by declaration of the species by the importer or his representative or by the documentation accompanying the consignment of the species.

Also, the species in the catalog can be detected in the identity control that the inspectors perform during the health inspection.

2. Once the consignment has been rejected, the official veterinarian or the plant health inspector, as appropriate, shall communicate this decision to the importer or his representative, who within a period not exceeding 48 hours, shall decide whether the consignment is destroyed or reissues the country of origin.

3. The veterinary or plant health authorities shall communicate the final decision to the Customs and in the cases of destruction and euthanasia of the animals shall be responsible for their implementation and supervision. The importer or his representative shall be responsible for notifying the Customs Office of the result of the destruction and/or euthanasia for customs purposes and, where appropriate, of the settlement of import duties and other charges payable.

4. The rejected or abandoned copies may remain in the premises of the PIF during the 48 hours, in which the importer or his representative must take a decision on the destination of the consignment, and another 48 hours until the copies are intended for euthanasia and/or destruction or are redispatched. This period may be extended, subject to the authorisation of the veterinary or phytosanitary authorities of the PIF, provided that the use of the PIF for its health inspection purposes is not compromised.

5. During this period in which the copies in the PIF remain, the supervision of the deposit conditions until the intended destination is reached shall be the responsibility of the veterinary or phytosanitary authorities as appropriate, with responsibility for the Customs Office to prevent the species from being given an unauthorised customs destination.

6. In the case of animals, they must be kept in animal welfare conditions in accordance with Regulation (EC) 1/2005 of 22 December 2004 on the protection of animals during transport and related operations and by the amending Directives 64 /432/EEC and 93 /119/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1255/97.

7. Where specimens of species in the catalogue are accidentally detected in goods that are submitted for inspection in the PIF, the veterinary or phytosanitary authority shall agree to the immobilisation and the species shall be identified. In the case of invasive alien species, the importer or his representative shall be notified, and a decision shall be taken on the consignment to ensure that it is devoid of these specimens, its propagules and its elements dispersive. If the latter is not possible, the cleaning, disinfection or destruction of such goods shall be carried out, which shall be agreed and controlled by the relevant veterinary and plant health authorities. Upon completion of these operations, the competent Customs Administration shall be informed.

If detected in goods placed in the customs area and not presented to the PIF, the customs office shall inform the veterinary or phytosanitary authority concerned of the situation, and the dispatch of the goods shall be suspended. customs, and shall proceed as indicated in the preceding paragraph.

8. The costs arising from the stay, euthanasia and/or destruction, re-dispatch or other measures to remove the detected specimens or their propagules and elements with dispersive capacity shall be borne by the importer or his representative.

Article 12. Control measures in the specimens detected at the passenger terminals of the ports and airports.

1. Where the competent customs authorities detect live plants or animals at the terminals of travellers, they shall inform the relevant veterinary or plant health authorities in order to determine whether they are intended to be copies of species in the catalogue. In the case of invasive alien species, the veterinary or plant health authorities shall decide to reject them.

2. Once the consignment has been rejected, the official veterinarian or the plant health inspector, as appropriate, shall communicate this decision to the importer or his representative, who within a period of not more than 48 hours, shall decide whether the consignment is destroyed or reissues the country of origin.

3. The veterinary or phytosanitary authorities shall communicate the final decision to the Customs and in the case of destruction, or euthanasia and destruction in the case of the animals, shall be responsible for the execution and supervision of the animals.

4. The control of the conditions of deposit of live plants or animals detected or abandoned in the passenger terminals shall be carried out on the same terms as those referred to in Article 11, once the goods (species in the catalogue) have been has been previously located, always under customs supervision and supervision, in the authorised PIF. All this as long as there are authorized PIF at the affected entry point. If there is no authorised PIF the supervision of the conditions of deposit until reaching the intended destination shall be the responsibility of the competent authorities, dealers or persons, natural or legal, of the premises or facility in which it is find the plants or live animals.

5. In the case of animals, they must be kept in animal welfare conditions in accordance with Regulation (EC) 1/2005 of 22 December 2004 on the protection of animals during transport and related operations and by the amending Directives 64 /432/EEC and 93 /119/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1255/97.

6. The costs arising from the stay, euthanasia and/or destruction or re-dispatch of the specimens detected shall be borne by the importer or his representative.

Article 13. Means to perform border controls.

1. The veterinary or phytosanitary authorities, as well as the customs authority, may consult with the General Directorate of Environmental and Natural Quality and Evaluation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment on the the taxonomic identification of the copies required, and on the decisions to be taken on their destination.

2. The Environmental and Environmental Quality and Assessment Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment will make available to the veterinary, phytosanitary and customs authorities the necessary means to be able to carry out the checks and ensure the conditions of deposit of the copies that are waiting for a decision on their destination to be taken.

Article 14. Alert Network for the surveillance of invasive alien species.

1. In order to facilitate coordination and communication between the competent authorities, the Alert Network for the surveillance of invasive alien species is established. This network will be made up of the focal points designated by the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla, the competent environmental bodies of the General Administration of the State, in addition to the Directorate General of Trade and Investments by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness as a CITES administrative authority, and a coordination office in the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment's Directorate-General for Quality and Environmental Assessment Environment, without prejudice to the powers of the National Plant Health Committee. This network will have the information provided by interested organisations and sectors.

2. The coordination office of the Alert Network shall have the task of coordinating the information. It will also create a computer application associated with a geographic information system of potential sources of biological invasions, for the dissemination of information between focal points and the coordination office. This application will be accessible to the public to ensure their participation in the Alert Network.

3. The focal points of the Alert Network shall:

a. Create, within its territorial scope, early warning networks.

b. Report early to the office of coordination of the presence of new outbreaks or populations of invasive alien species, and report on their identification, location, risks and extent.

c. Report early response with eradication and control actions.

CHAPTER IV

Strategies to fight invasive alien species

Article 15. Characteristics of management, control and possible eradication strategies.

1. The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment and the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla will jointly develop management strategies, control and possible eradication of invasive alien species included in the catalogue, in accordance with the provisions of Article 61.5 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007.

2. Management, control and possible eradication strategies which cover several species at the same time may be developed, if necessary. General strategies for action in relation to thematic or global aspects may also be carried out.

3. Priority will be given to the development of strategies for those species that pose a greater risk for the conservation of indigenous fauna, flora or habitats, with particular attention to the island's biodiversity, as well as those of present greater possibilities for eradication. Priority will also be given to the development of strategies affecting the Natura 2000 Network's Protected Natural Spaces and Spaces, as well as to island and inland and marine waters.

4. The strategies that existed prior to the publication of the catalogue must be adapted and updated as indicated in Article 16.

5. The strategies, which will be oriented, will be developed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment and the Autonomous Communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla, within the framework of the Plants and Animals Committee of the State Commission. for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, and will be approved by the Sectoral Environmental Conference, on a proposal from the Commission, after consulting the State Council for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity. Upon approval, the strategies will be published in the Official State Gazette.

Article 16. Content of management, control and possible eradication strategies.

Strategies will have at least the following content:

a. Definition of the species or target species and diagnosis of their problems.

b. Risk analysis.

c. Analysis of inbound paths.

d. Action and definition of the strategy to be followed: management, control and possible eradication.

e. Distribution and abundance.

f. Coordination actions between the different public administrations.

g. Actions to monitor the effectiveness of the implementation of the strategy.

h. Awareness and environmental education actions on the issue of invasive alien species.

i. Economic analysis of the costs of the implementation of the strategy on third parties or facilities affected by the presence of invasive alien species.

CHAPTER V

Financing and Sanctions

Article 17. Funding.

The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment will be able to provide the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla with the provision of technical and economic assistance for the implementation of the measures described in this standard. The provision of such aid shall be conditional on the budgetary availability of each financial year.

Article 18. Penalties.

The failure to comply with the prohibitions and limitations included in this royal decree will be subject to the sanctioning regime provided for in Law 42/2007 of 13 December, and to the sanctioning regimes provided for in the laws that affect the subject matter of this standard, including those applicable to trade.

Additional disposition first. Competences on marine biodiversity.

The exercise of administrative functions in respect of marine biodiversity shall be exercised in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007.

The adoption of management, control and possible eradication measures by public administrations will be adapted to the provisions of the measures of the marine strategies adopted under the Law 41/2010, of 29 December, of protection of the marine environment.

Additional provision second. Hybrids, pet animals, exotic pet animals, domestic or production animals and cultivated plants, which are isolated in the natural environment.

For the purposes of implementing measures to combat invasive alien species referred to in Article 10, they shall be considered as invasive alien species:

(a) Hybrid specimens that are at liberty in the natural environment.

(b) Specimens of pet animals, exotic pet animals, domestic animals and wild animals, without prejudice to the provisions of the legislation on the protection and welfare of pet animals and the law 8/2003, of 24 April, of Animal Health, in Law 32/2007 of 7 November 2007 for the care of animals, in their holding, transport, experimentation and slaughter and in Royal Decree 479/2004 of 26 March 2004 of the General Register of livestock holdings.

(c) The asilvestrated specimens of species of exotic plants grown, in accordance with Article 52.2 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December.

Additional provision third. Uniqueness of the islands.

Invasive alien species shall be considered as all the introduced aloctony species that reproduce in the uninhabited islands of the coast. The competent environmental administration shall give priority to the biological restoration programmes in these islands, including the eradication of these species, for which they may have the financial support defined in Article 17 or contributions. specific public funds for this purpose.

In the case of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands, due to the non-existence of permanent freshwater masses of natural origin, they will not have the consideration of invasive alien species. infrastructure for the collection or storage of water.

Additional provision fourth. Marketing of varieties of aloctonae species for plant health reasons.

According to Article 6 of Law 30/2006, of 26 July, of seeds and plants of nursery and plant genetic resources, limitations on the marketing of varieties may be established for reasons of exceptional nature. Plant health, where there are indications of risks to human health or animal health, as well as to the environment, and for agronomic reasons to be established for varieties which can only be used in certain areas or growing conditions.

Additional provision fifth. Specific provisions for red crab (Procambarus clarkii) and rui (Ammotragus lervia).

1. This royal decree will not apply to the marketing of red crab destined for the food industry, in accordance with article 1.2 of the present royal decree, which will be governed by the corresponding regulations on health and consumption. In this case, the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla will define the geographical area where the extraction of this species will be authorized for the food industry.

2. In the areas of authorized introduction of the rui, made prior to the entry into force of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, and of natural expansion demarcated in Castilla-La Mancha, Valencian Community, Andalusia and Extremadura, and in which the Second Transitional Provision applies, shall be required to draw up standards, plans or strategies for their management, control and eradication.

Additional provision sixth. Industrial or commercial facilities or holdings hosting species included in the catalogue.

1. The competent authorities shall require the holders of industrial or commercial facilities or holdings to host species included in the catalogue and, where appropriate, those included in the indicative list of alien species with invasive potential as referred to in Article 8.1 of this Standard, which is considered to be fishery, zoogenetic or plant genetic resources with use for agriculture or food, the adoption of appropriate and sufficient preventive measures, including the regulation of their location, to prevent escapes, releases and discharges. Such measures may, where appropriate, be subject to regulatory development by the competent authorities in the environment, which may require the holders of such facilities to act in accordance with the case of accidental release and information on movements of specimens of these species.

2. The competent authorities may, by way of derogation, only authorise new livestock holdings and extensions of production or domestic animals referred to in Law 8/2003 of 24 April of Animal Health and the Royal Decree 479/2004 of 26 March establishing and regulating the general register of livestock holdings, using specimens of species included in the catalogue, where they are duly justified and with sufficient precautionary measures, prior to a favourable risk analysis. In no case shall new holdings of American mink ("Neovison vison"), or the extension of the existing ones, be authorised in the provinces of the distribution area of the European visor ("Mustela lutreola"), which appear in the Spanish Inventory of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity.

Additional provision seventh. Repair of environmental damage caused by invasive alien species.

The prevention, avoidance and repair of environmental damage caused by the introduction of invasive alien species will be carried out in the terms of the basic legislation on liability. environmental.

Additional disposition octave. Pest species and exotic biological control organisms referred to in Law 43/2002 of 20 November of Plant Health.

In the case of imports of exotic biological control organisms, their marketing shall be conditional upon their prior approval in accordance with the provisions of Article 44 (1) of Law 43/2002 of 20 November 2002, Plant Health. The report prior to the authorisation referred to in Article 44 shall be carried out by the competent unit for nature conservation taking into account the content of the risk analyses.

The species included in the catalogue declared pest or quarantine pest, as laid down in Law 43/2002 of 20 November, shall be governed by Community and international plant health legislation which currently regulates them, in particular, by the international regulations of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), through the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM), of the International Convention of Protection of Plants (IPPC), European Organisation and Mediterranean Protection of the European Plants (OEPP/EPPO) and Community legislation whose basic Directive is Directive 2000 /29/EC of the Council of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plants plant products, and against its spread within the Community. For such cases, cooperation mechanisms shall be established between the competent Directorates-General.

Additional provision ninth. Possession, transport and trade of wild birds.

In compliance with Regulation (EC) No 318/2007 of 23 March 2007 of the European Commission laying down animal health conditions for the importation of certain birds into the Community and related thereto Quarantine conditions, the possession, transport and trade, including foreign trade, of specimens of all species of wild birds of wild origin are prohibited. In accordance with Article 7.1 of this Standard, this prohibition also applies to captive-born birds of the species included in the catalogue. This prohibition is the exception of specimens of wild origin legally acquired prior to 23 March 2007.

Regulation (EC) No 318/2007 of 23 March 2007, with the exception of the import ban, to live birds, provided that it is not a commercial item and its number is five or less than five, travelling as baggage accompanied.

Additional provision 10th. Scientific committee of the catalogue.

The information functions of the scientific committee created by Royal Decree 139/2011, of 4 February, for the development of the List of Wild Species in the Special Protection Regime and the Spanish Catalogue of Endangered species, to the materials referred to in this standard.

First transient disposition. Trade in plant species included in the catalogue.

The ban on the marketing of plant species included in the catalogue will enter into force on 1 December 2013 for the operators of installations and individuals engaged in the trade in these species. Until that date, the companies or individuals with facilities for the production or sale of plant species with ornamental use included in the catalogue, will proceed to the progressive substitution of these species in the trade of plants by non-invasive species. Until that date, the owners of the facilities and the individuals involved in the sale of these species shall take appropriate preventive measures to prevent the introduction of the said species into the natural environment and, in no case, shall they be species may be sown or planted in the natural environment, including linear transport and communication infrastructures.

Second transient disposition. Catalogued species introduced into the natural environment prior to the entry into force of Law 42/2007 of 13 December, subject to fish farming or hunting.

To prevent the catalogued species being used for fish farming or hunting, introduced in the natural environment before the entry into force of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, is extended beyond the limits of their areas of distribution prior to that date, their management, control and possible eradication, can be carried out through hunting and fishing. In any case, and in the case of specimens of species susceptible to fish farming, only their possession shall be considered to be acquired when they have been extracted from the natural environment in the framework of the said use and cannot be returned to them. to the same. For the specimens of these species which are the object of hunting and fishing, the possession and transport of the captured specimens shall be permitted, after slaughter, and where for self-consumption purposes (including trophies) or deposit instead appropriate for their use. removal.

The autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla will be able to use the instruments of planning and management in the field of hunting and fishing to determine the species that, in their territorial scope, are affected by the contents of the preceding paragraph.

In order to carry out the management, control and possible eradication of the species catalogued with the use of cinedetic or fish farming and to limit its expansion, the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have to develop a mapping of the area where these activities can be carried out through hunting and fishing. This delimitation should be based on the area of distribution of the species listed in the Spanish Inventory of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity provided officially by the autonomous communities and cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in application of Article 12 (1) of Royal Decree 556/2011 of 20 April 2011.

When the presence of specimens of these species is detected outside the areas of distribution mentioned above, it will not be possible to authorize in these areas their use as cinedetic and fish farming. In this case, the competent authorities shall, to the extent of their possibilities, carry out their eradication by means of appropriate methodologies, which may be obtained by the collaboration of non-profit entities.

Transitional provision third. Loose with non-catalogued aloctonae species for use in fish farming or hunting.

It shall be permitted, subject to administrative authorization, to be loose with non-catalogued aloctony species which are the subject of fish farming or hunting and are not affected by the prohibition of Article 52.2 of Law 42/2007, 13 of (a) December, only in the case of the cotes in which they were authorized before the entry into force of Law 42/2007 of 13 December. The relationship between these cotes must be made public by the autonomous communities and cities. The following are excluded with loose after that date or with illegal or accidental loose. The progressive substitution of these species by other autochthonous species shall be encouraged by the competent authorities. In the case of the species rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), the loose shall also be made exclusively with captive-bred specimens from monosexo crops and subjected to sterility treatment.

Transitional disposition fourth. Pet animals, exotic or domestic pets, and wild animals in Zoological Parks.

The specimens of the animal species included in the catalogue, in possession or acquired as companion animals, exotic or domestic pet animals, or located in Zoological Parks duly authorised in accordance with the established in Law 31/2003, of 27 October, of conservation of wild fauna in zoos, prior to the entry into force of this royal decree, may be maintained by its owners, but must inform, in the a maximum of one year, on that possession to the competent authorities of the communities Autonomous regions and cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

These authorities shall establish, where appropriate, the obligation to sterilize the specimens, as well as appropriate identification or marking systems (tattoo, crotal, microchip, anillage and veterinary registration), and request the signature of a responsible declaration by the owner which shall conform to the definition contained in Article 71a of Law No 30/1992 of 26 November 1992. The owners must inform immediately of the accidental release of these specimens and may not market, reproduce, or yield these copies. As an alternative to the above, the competent authorities shall provide, where requested, the voluntary delivery of the animals concerned. This delivery may be made in the first instance, and on a temporary basis, and while they are collected by the competent authorities in this field, at points of sale of pet or domestic animals and legally constituted zoos they can be recognised by the competent authority as enabled for this purpose.

Those owners or zoos that in compliance with Royal Decree 1628/2011 of 14 November, have informed about the possession of pets, exotic or domestic pets will not need report back.

Transient disposition fifth. Plant species in possession of individuals or located in urban parks, public gardens or botanical gardens.

The specimens of the species of plants included in the catalogue in possession of individuals or located in urban parks, public gardens or botanical gardens, acquired before the entry into force of this royal decree, will be able to continue to be maintained by their owners, located in landscaped enclosures, with defined limits, and provided that the specimens do not spread outside these limits. In this case, the holders shall take appropriate preventive measures to prevent the spread of such specimens to the natural or semi-natural environment and shall not be able to market, reproduce or release the specimens. In the case of those species of the catalogue located in public parks or gardens, especially those located in the public hydraulic domain, the competent authorities shall progressively eliminate, in cases where the latter is justified, these species.

Single repeal provision. Regulatory repeal.

The Royal Decree 1628/2011, dated 14 November, is repealed, which regulates the Spanish listing and catalogue of invasive alien species.

Final disposition first. Competence title.

This royal decree has the character of basic environmental protection legislation, in accordance with the provisions of Article 149.1.23. of the Constitution.

Final disposition second. Enablement for adaptation to European or international standards.

The Minister of Agriculture, Food and the Environment is hereby authorised to approve by ministerial order the necessary changes in the Annex, as set out in Article 5.2, for the adaptation of this royal decree to the European or international regulations.

Final disposition third. Entry into force.

1. This royal decree shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the "Official Gazette of the State".

2. By way of derogation from the previous paragraph, this royal decree shall apply from 13 December 2011, retroactively, to all aspects relating to the listing of exotic species with invasive potential. set out in Annex II to Royal Decree 1628/2011 of 14 November, which regulates the Spanish listing and catalogue of invasive alien species.

Given in Madrid, on August 2, 2013.

JOHN CARLOS R.

The Minister of Agriculture, Food and the Environment,

MIGUEL ARIAS CANETE

ANNEX

Codium fragile [(Suringar) Hariot, 1889].

Canary Islands.

Cyplopuntia spp.

Opuntia Miller.

Mayr, 1868).

Monochamus spp. (non-European species).

Olivier, 1790).

Linnaeus, 1766).

= Herychtys facetum) (Jenyns, 1842)

Linnaeus, 1758).

Acrodotheres spp.

Birds

	Application Scope	Common Name
			Algas
	Acrothamnion preissii (Sonder) Wollaston.
	Asparagopsis armata (Harvey, 1855).
	Asparagopsis taxiformis [(Delile) Trevisan Saint-Leon, 1845].	Except Canary Islands.
	Caulerpa racemosa [(Forssk.) J. Agardh, 1873].	Except Canary Islands.
	Caulerpa taxifolia [(M. Vahl) C. Agardh, 1817].
Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) M. Schmidt, 1899.		Didymo or rock mucus.
	Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss 1967.
	Grateloupia turuturu (Yamada, 1941).
Lophocladia lallemandii (Montagne) F. Schmitz 1893.
Sargassum muticum [(Yendo) Fensholt, 1955].
	Stypopodium schimperi [(Buchinger ex Kutzing) Verlaque & Boudouresque, 1991].
Womersleyella setacea (Hollenberg) R. E. Norris 1992.
Flora
Acacia dealbata Link.	Except Canary and Balearic.	Mimosa, acacia, French acacia.
	Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.	Canary.	Acacia, aromo, carambuco, mimosa.
	Acacia salicin Lindl.	Canary.	Sauce sheet Acacia.
	American	Agave	Common Pitera.
	Ageratin adenophora (Spreng.) King & H. Rob.	Canary Islands.	Canary Islands
Canary Islands.	Canary Islands.	Canary Islands.	Canary Islands. The_table_table_izq"> Fino-foam.
	Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle.		Ailanto, sky tree, fake juice.
Alternanthera philoxane (Mart.) Griseb.		Lagunilla, lizard grass, green huiro.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.		Araujia sericifera Brot.
Cruel site, miraguano.
	Arbutus unedo L.	Canary.	Madron.
Arundo donax L.	Canary Islands.	Cana, canavera, bardiza, reed.
asparagus asparagoides (L.) Druce.		African Stud
	Atriplex semilunaris Aellen.	Canary Islands.
Azolla spp.		Azolla.
	Baccharis halifolia L.		Bacaris, chilca, orzaga leaf chilca, carcomplaint.
	Buddleja davidii Franchet.		Budleya, baileya, bush butterflies.
	Carolinian Cabomba Gray.		Aquatic Ortiga.
Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton.	Canary Islands.	Silk Cotton
Carpobrotus acacinformis (L.) L. Bolus.	Except Canarias.	Knife herb, one cat, one lion.
	Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N. E. Br.		Knife herb, one of cat, one of lion.
	Centranthus ruber (L.) DC.	Canarias.	St. St. Jorge.
	Cortegría spp.	Except Canary Islands.	Pampa Grass, Carrezo de la pampa.
	Cotula coronopifolia L.	Balearics.	Cotula.
Crassula helmsii (Kirk) Cockayne.
	Cyclobuntia.
Cyrtomium falcatum (L. f.) C. Presl.	Canary Islands.	Helecho acebo.
	Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link.	Canary Islands.	Black Retama.
dense egress planch.		dense.
Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms.		Water Jacinto, Camalote.
		Broza del Canada Water Plague.
Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John.		Broza, Water Plague.
Eschscholzia californica Champ.	Canary Islands.	California poppy, gold dedal.
	Baldschuanica Fallopia (Regel) Holub.		Tibet Vina.
Japanese Fallopia (Houtt.) (= Reynoutria japonica Houtt.).		Japanese cloud weed.
Canarias.	Canary.	Open Pitera.
Hedychium gardnerianum Shepard ex Ker Gawl.
Heracleum mantezzianum Somm. & Lev.		Giant Perejil.
	Hydrocotyle ranunculoids L. f.		Water Redondite.
	Ipomoea indicates (Burn)	Canary and Balearic.	Abode Campanilla, Indian Battilla.
	Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) From wit.	Canary.	White Arome.
Ludwigia spp. [Except L. palustris (L.) Elliott].		Water Duraznillo
	Maireana brevifolia (R. Br.) P. G. Wilson.	Canary Islands.	Blue Mato.
	Myriophyllum aquaticum(Vell.) Verdc.
Nassella neesiana (Trin, & Rupr.) Barkworth.	Canarias.	Flechilla.
		Tobacco.
Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawler) Haw.		Tunera
	Common Tuna
Opuntia stricta (Haw.).	Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands.	Chumbera.
			Zant_table_table_izq"> Agrio, citrus, vinegress, vinegars.
Pennisetum clandestine Hochst. ex Chiov.	Canary and Balearic.	Quicuyo.
	Pennisetum purpureum Schum.	Canary Islands.	Elephant Pasto.
	Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.			elephant
	Pennisetum villosum R. Br. ex Fresen.	Baleares.	Albino Radvocate.
Phoenix dactylifera L.	Canary Islands.	Datilera Palmera.
	Pistia stratiotes L. Royle.		Water lettuce.
	Ricinus communis L.	Canarias.	Tartaguer.
	Salvinia spp.		Save.
	Senecio inaequidens DC.		Cape Senet.
	Spartina alterniflora Loisel.		Borraza.
	Spartina densiflora Brongn.		Spartan.
Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl.
	Spartium junceum L.	Canary Islands.	Smell Retama.
	Tradescantia fluminensis Velloso.		Love of man, cat ear.
	Ulex europaeus L.	Canary.	Tojo.
Invertebrates not arthropods
smoked achatin (Ferussac, 1821).		giant Caracol.
	Woodian Sinanodonta (Lea, 1834).
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(Steiner and Buhrer, 1934) Nickle, 1970.		Pine wood nematode.
	Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1774).		River Almeja
Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771).		esturian hydroid.
	Crepidula fornicata (Linnaeus, 1758).
Dreissena bugensis , 1897.	Dreisena bugensis	Mejillon quagga.
Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771).		zebra improvement
	Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel, 1923).		Mercierella.
	Melanoides tuberculatus (Muller, 1774).		Caracol trumpet.
	Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865.
	Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad, 1831).		brackish water improvement
	Ampullariidae Family J. E. Gray 1824.		Apple Caracoles and Others.
	Potamocorbula amurensis (Schrenck, 1861).		Asian clam.
	Potamopyrgus antipodarum (J. E. Gray, 1853).		Cieno Caracol.
	Nomadic Rhopilema Galil, 1990.
Limnoperna securis (Lamarck, 1819).		small brown Mejillon.
Non-crustacean arthropods
	Aedes albopictus(Skuse, 1895).		tiger mosquito.
	Dysdera crocata C. L. Koch, 1838.	Canary Islands.	Red Spider, Invader Disdera.
Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773).		Asian Mariquita.
Lasius negectus (Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy, 1990).		gardens invader.
	Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910.		Linepithema humile
destroyer monomer (Jerdon, 1851).		Singapore Hormiga.
Ommatoiulus moreletii (Lucas, 1860).	Canarias.	Portuguese Milpies, Milpies carder, invader milpies.
	Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille, 1802).			Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880)
		Rhynchophorus ferrugineus
	Red Picudo, Palm Gorgojo
	Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793).		Ghost Hormiga.
	Vespa spp. (non-European species).
crustaceans
	Armadillidium vulgare Latreille, 1804.	Canary.	Common Cochinite.
	Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758).	Canarias.	Atlantic crab, green crab.
	Cherax destroyer Clark, 1936.		Yabbie.
Dyspanopeus sayi (S. I. Smith, 1869).
	Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894).
	Eriocheir sinensis Milne-Edwards, 1853.		Crab.
	Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852).		Token crab, California crab, Pacific crab.
	Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853).	Except Canary Islands.
	Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852).		Red crab, American crab, marshland crab.
Rithropanopeus harrissii (Gould, 1841).
Triops longicaudatus (Le Conte, 1846).
Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758).		Alburno.
Ameiurus metas (Rafinesque, 1820).		Pez black cat.
Channa spp.		Northern Serpent Head Fish
Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758.		Fundulus heteroctort
Australoheros facetus
	Chanchito.
Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859.		Gambusia.
	Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818).		Punted cat, channel catfish
Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758).		Percasol, sunfish.
	Micropterus salmoids (Lacepede, 1802).		American Perch.
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor, 1842).		Dojo.
Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758.		River Perch
	Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846).			Pterois volitans
Pez Scorpion, Lion Fish.
	Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758).		Rutile.
	Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchell, 1815).		Save.
	Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758).		Lucioperca
Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758).		Gardi.
Silurus glans Linnaeus, 1758.		Siluro.
Amphibians
Bufo Marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) = Rhinella marina.		Marine Sapo
	Dutaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799).		Asia Common Sapo.
	Lithobates (= Rana) catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802).		Rana bull.
	Xenopus laevis (Daudin, 1802).		African nail frog
Reptiles
	Chrysemys picta (Schneider, 1783).		Turtle Painted.
All Species The Colubridae Family sensu lato.	Canary Islands, Ibiza and Formentera.
	Elaphe guttata (Linnaeus, 1766).	Balearics.	Maizal Culebra.
	Trachemys scripta (Schoepff, 1792).
	Mines.
	Alopochen aegyptiacus (Linnaeus, 1766).
Amandava amandava (Linnaeus, 1758).		red Bengali.
Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758).		Canadian Barnacla.
Coturnix japonica Temminck & Schlegel, 1849.		Japanese Codornish
	Estrilda spp.
	Euplectes spp.
Leiothrix lutea (Scopoli, 1786).		Japan Ruisenor
	Myiopsitta monachus (Boddaert, 1783).			Oxyura jamaicensis (Gmelin, 1789
Ploceus spp.
	Ploceus
Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769).		Kramer's Cotorra.
	Pycnonotus cafer (Linnaeus, 1766).		Bulbul body crow.
	Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758).		Orfeo Bulbul.
	Quelea chela (Linnaeus, 1758).		Common Quelea.
	Streptopelia roseogrisea (Sundevall, 1857).		Tortola rosigris.
Threskiornis aethiopicus (Latham, 1790).		sacred Ibis.
Mammals
Ammotragus lervia (Pallas, 1777).	Except the population of Murcia.	Arrui.
Atelerix albiventris (Wagner, 1841).		African pygmy Erizo.
Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770).		Egyptian Erizo or orejudo.
Herpests javanicus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)		Small Asian Mangosta
Mustela (Neovison) vison Schreber, 1777.		American Vison.
	Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782).		Coipu.
Nasua spp.		Coati.
Nyctereutes procyonoids (Gray, 1834).		raccoon dog.
Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766).		Ovis musimon Pallas, 1762.	Canary.	Canary Islands.		Canary Islands.	Canary Islands.	Canary Islands.
	Mapache
	Mapache.
	Rougettus aegyptiacus (Geoffroy, 1810).		Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)
Canarias.	Rata parda.
	Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758).	Canarias.	Black Rat
1

-When in the application scope nothing is specified, it refers to the entire Spanish territory.

-spp. It refers to all infra-generic taxonomic levels.

¹ Except Sciurus vulgaris.