The National Plan on Drugs, the fruit of consensus and political will in 1985, after almost fifteen years of validity and permanent updating, needs to adapt to the current reality of the drug phenomenon, as well as to pre-empt foreseeable changes in the phenomenon of drug dependence. Therefore, the need to redefine the National Plan on Drugs has been raised, adapting it to a new model of intervention that is consistent with the reality of drug consumption and its consequences. It seems clear that, at the present time, we are in a situation that requires a review of the actions to be carried out, appropriate both to the current needs and to those that will be presented in the near future.

In addition, we are at an ideal time to define the current phenomenon of drugs since the needs felt by the population are not the same as fifteen years ago. We have more knowledge of the same and some experiences that allow us to make more accurate and adjusted decisions to our environment.

Furthermore, in our country there has been a political consensus in the intervention in exemplary drug-dependency that has undoubtedly represented and represents one of the basic pillars of the effectiveness of the actions carried out. This consensus among the political forces, which has prevented partisan and opportunistic temptations, has effectively contributed to the avoidance of sterile confrontations and has prevented citizens from moving an artificial aggravation of the phenomenon that would have occurred. helped to promote a sense of social alarm and a lack of concern that would have made it difficult to contribute to effective and serene solutions.

Throughout this time, the governments of the different Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, as real institutions responsible for the execution of most of the interventions in the field of drug dependency, have come to define and implement the Autonomous Plans on Drugs that have allowed to have in the State of an intervention structures and to develop care networks and preventive programs.

Without a doubt it has been the commitment of the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, united to the effort of the General Administration of the State, which has allowed our country to develop an intervention model that has become internationally recognized as a reference. It can be said that, thanks to this commitment of all the administrations, we do not start from scratch, but it seems obvious that we are starting from a consolidated situation of intervention in drug dependency, which does not mean in any way obviating the need for to continue moving forward without letting us fall into the immobile temptation to limit ourselves to managing the past.

These achievements have contributed significantly to local administrations which, from their privileged position of proximity to reality, have articulated concrete and effective responses to the problem of drug dependency.

On the other hand, we must highlight the role that non-governmental organizations have played as elements of direct and immediate intervention with assistance and prevention programs, as well as dynamizers of the action of the Administration.

In turn, the Joint Committee for the Study of Drugs established, in its report of December 1995, the need to articulate and develop actions in different areas that would allow solutions to be provided. to the problems related to the consumption of drugs. This report, which was the result of the debate, but above all, of a thorough analysis of the reality of the drugs phenomenon, and adopted unanimously by all the political groups, included a number of measures which have been carried out practically in their own country. all.

For its part, the Government approved a Plan of Measures in 1997 aimed at providing solutions to the different problems that the drugs posed in our country. This plan has also been fully developed.

On the other hand, the 20th extraordinary session of the United Nations General Assembly, held in June last year in New York with a massive presence of Heads of State and Government (reflecting the importance of the (a) a declaration of guiding principles, goals and multiannual objectives, especially for the period from 2003 to 2008, was adopted by a declaration of guiding principles, goals and objectives. In this declaration, all States were entrusted with the elaboration of respective drug strategies that constituted the operational elements for the achievement of the proposed objectives.

In particular, the first objective of this declaration reflects the need to develop and implement national strategies for 2003 which fully incorporate the guiding principles in the declaration on reducing the The European Council, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, and the Council of the European Union, and the Council of the European Union, and the Council of the European Union, and the European Parliament, the Council and the European participation of the relevant authorities and sectors of society.

The work that the European Union has been developing over the last few months has also been taken into account in the adoption of the EU Strategy at the Helsinki European Council on 10 and 11 December. Europe on Drugs (2000-2004), continuation of the Drug Action Plan (1995-1999) adopted at Cannes in June 1995.

The government, aware of this need, sees fit to draw up a national strategy on drugs to determine the elements for intervention in this field in Spain over the next few years.

To this end, the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs has proposed the elaboration of a document that will meet the requirements of being participatory, clarifying, globalizing, evaluable, updated and respectful. with the functions and competencies of the public administrations, defined in the Constitution, the Statutes of Autonomy and the laws that develop them.

This document should therefore be a coordinated instrument for intervention in the various aspects that make up the phenomenon of the drugs that are vertebrae in the sections that are presented below.

The strategy is structured in the following sections: 1. Analysis of the situation; 2. Evolution and main achievements of the National Plan on Drugs; 3. Goals and objectives of the National Strategy; 4. Specific areas of intervention; 5. Regulatory scope; 6. Research and training; 7. Functions and organs of the national drug strategy; 8. Evaluation and information systems, and 9. Financing.

In the first of the paragraphs, the transformation is analyzed, with respect to the previous decade, experienced in our country in relation to the phenomenon of drugs during the decade of the nineties. It highlights the stagnation, or even decline in heroin use, along with the emergence of the use of new drugs and the adoption of new patterns of consumption.

Particular interest also presents the analysis on the trends of alcohol and tobacco consumption.

In paragraph 2, an examination of the evolution and main achievements of the National Plan on Drugs (P.N.S.D.) has been carried out from its origins, in 1985, to the present day. Among the latter, it is worth noting the existence of a comprehensive plan to intervene in the face of the phenomenon of drug dependence, articulated from an institutional, social and political consensus, where all public administrations converge; the strengthening of a social fabric where the activity of civil society is articulated; the consolidation of a wide, diversified and professionalized network of care; the implementation of social and labour insertion experiences; and the creation of solid foundations capable of enabling the process of generalisation of a policy preventive.

From this point of view, paragraph 3 refers to the goals and objectives of the strategy for the period 2000-2008.

Among these goals and objectives are the priority, which will have prevention, as the most important strategy to deal with the problem; the adequacy of the existing care network in order to adapt it to the new needs to be addressed by the phenomenon; the promotion of programmes to facilitate the incorporation of drug-dependent people into society, and the promotion of the reduction of the supply of drugs through the promotion of This is a comprehensive approach to the fight against drug trafficking, money laundering and other related crimes.

In paragraph 4 of the strategy, the different areas for intervention are contemplated, in which the level of prioritization, grouped according to the demand; reduction of the international supply and cooperation is explicit.

At the level of demand reduction, prevention is configured as the fundamental axis on which the National Drug Strategy is articulated. As a result, the measures and objectives aimed at achieving greater involvement of civil society through awareness raising and awareness, as well as the modification of social stereotypes about consumption, are one of the main elements of intervention.

School, family, work, community and social communication areas are the priority areas for preventive intervention in the strategy.

To this end, they are established for each area, and over the period from 2003 to 2008 a set of general and specific objectives to be met.

At the same level of demand reduction, the National Strategy also contemplates the implementation of interventions aimed at undermining the damage caused by drug use.

In the field of assistance and social integration of people affected by drug use, the National Strategy advocates a system that incorporates all therapeutic devices and delimits the functions of each of the ensuring equity in benefits across the State.

The main bet on these issues is that assistance to drug addicts should be carried out through the National Health System and the Social Action and Social Services System, supplemented by duly authorised and/or accredited resources, which is called the System of Assistance and Social Integration of Drugs Dependents.

Also in these areas, the objectives are defined with the temporal perspective of the period 2003-2008.

At the level of the reduction of the supply, among others, are established as main objectives to achieve the strengthening of the National Central Narcotic Office as a centralized organ and information coordinator; and the increase of training in the Corps and the State Security Forces in techniques for the fight against drug trafficking.

As new developments that are foreseen in the strategy within this scope of the reduction of the offer also highlights the establishment of an observatory to monitor the use of new technologies by the organizations of traffickers, and the design of a Technology Modernization Plan for the State Security Corps and Forces in the field of communications, data processing and material resources.

In the operational field, finally, the strategy contemplates the strengthening of border control, through joint action in ports and airports, land borders and coasts and territorial sea. Particular attention is given to this area of the Strait of Gibraltar, strengthening the coordinated action of the State Security Corps and Forces and the Customs Surveillance Adjunta in the southern part of Spain.

International cooperation is an area of special importance in the strategy of enabling the active participation of Spain in all the multilateral fora in which the drug phenomenon is dealt with (Union European Union; United Nations; Council of Europe; Organization of American States; International Group on Money Laundering. This is without prejudice to the bilateral relations of cooperation with countries with which Spain shares this common problem, preferably the neighbouring countries such as France, Portugal, Italy and Morocco, and also the Ibero-American countries.

Finally, paragraphs 5.6, 7, 8 and 9 of the strategy address the regulatory intervention, the aspects related to training and research, the organs and functions for the development of the strategy, the evaluation system the same and the information systems, and the forecasts on funding.

With regard to the first of these paragraphs, it is planned to pay attention not only to the elaboration of legal norms directly related to the traffic and consumption of illegal drugs, but also to commercial activities and which are exploited by criminal organisations. This is the case for new communication technologies (digital telephony, the internet, for example).

In the second of these aspects, and in the absence for many years of adequate development of specific training and research activities in the field of drug dependency, the strategy provides for a The aim of the programme is to improve the quality of life and to improve the quality of life.

In this regard, the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs will ensure, on the one hand, the suitability and adequacy of the content in the field of training to the priority needs of our country, and, on the other, will guide its action to the consolidation of research on drug-dependency at the state level.

In the organizational and functional section, the strategy incorporates the functions in its development to be carried out by the different public administrations (State, Autonomous and Local), taking into account the competences they have recognized in the Constitution, the Statutes of Autonomy and the laws of development of such norms.

They are also included, given their fundamental role, the functions of non-governmental organizations and other social entities.

For the coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the National Drug Plan, the same existing organs are basically maintained.

In the section on evaluation and information systems, the strategy provides for the design of an evaluation system to allow for early detection of deviations that may occur, and to generate corrective actions that ensure the final effectiveness of the strategy itself, allowing the adaptation of the strategy to the new needs or scenarios that may emerge.

In terms of information systems, the organizational structure of the Spanish Observatory of Drugs and Drug Addiction is to be improved.

In addition, the National Survey System will be consolidated, improving its methodological aspects, and the system of information sources will be completed with the implementation and consolidation of the Rapid Information Sondas subsystem.

Finally, the last chapter deals with the forecasts on financing the new strategy.

The strategy that is approved with this provision has been submitted, prior to the approval of this Royal Decree, to the consideration of the state-wide non-governmental organizations dedicated to the drug dependency and other social entities such as trade unions, having been favourably received by some and others.

Similarly, and taking into account the activities to be carried out, the document has been examined and approved by the Sectoral Conference of the National Plan on Drugs and the Inter-Regional Conference of the National Plan on Drugs, by the Inter-Ministerial Group for the Implementation of the National Plan on Drugs and the Superior Council for the Fight against Drug Trafficking and the Blanking of Capitals.

In its virtue, on the proposal of the First Vice President of the Government and Minister of the Presidency, of the Second Vice President of the Government and Minister of Economy and Finance and of the Ministers of Justice, Interior, Education and Culture, Labour and Social Affairs and Health and Consumer Affairs, after approval by the Minister of Public Administration, and after deliberation by the Council of Ministers, at its meeting on 17 December 1999

DISPONGO:

Article 1. Approval.

The National Drug Strategy for the period 2000-2008, contained in the annex to this Royal Decree, is approved.

Article 2. Purpose.

The National Drug Strategy will aim to update the National Plan on Drugs, directing, promoting and coordinating the various actions in the field of drugs that develop in Spain during the time established in the previous article, and serving as a reference framework for the establishment of the necessary cooperation and coordination between the different public administrations and non-governmental organizations dedicated to the phenomenon of the drug dependency.

Final disposition first. Entry into force.

This Royal Decree shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the "Official Gazette of the State".

Final disposition second. Effectiveness.

This Royal Decree will have effect from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2008.

Given in Madrid on December 17, 1999.

JOHN CARLOS R.

The First Vice President of the Government and Minister of the Presidency,

FRANCISCO ALVEZ-HELMETS FERNANDEZ

ANNEX

National Drug Strategy 2000-2008

1. Analysis of the situation

The data available from the Spanish Observatory on Drugs, the information systems of the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla and banks of data from other public and private entities make it possible to An x-ray of the situation of the phenomenon in our country, a basic element for the design of projects and programs of intervention.

A) The nineties: a decade of changes:

During the present decade the drug phenomenon has undergone major transformations in Spain with a series of changes that have shaped a different scenario and, without a doubt, more complex than the one that existed in the eighties.

In fact, if, until some time ago, the flagship drug and the one that has been dedicated to the most, was heroin, today we have clear evidence of stabilization (and we could even talk about the decline) of its consumption. This does not mean that we do not suffer for years the serious consequences of its consumption.

In fact, the age in the consumption of many drug addicts and the presence of AIDS and other associated diseases generate a large number of individual and family problems in both the health and social spheres.

However, the most recent surveys show that, despite the fact that the consumption of illicit drugs continues to be a very important problem for almost half of the Spanish, the feeling of Social alarm associated with this phenomenon.

B) New drugs and new patterns of consumption:

But, in the face of this reality, since the beginning of the nineties, a new emerging phenomenon has emerged defined by the use of new drugs and the adoption of new patterns of consumption. Among the former have acquired social relevance the so-called synthetic drugs, which have had a great expansion in a short space of time.

But the most peculiar thing about these substances-along with others better known as cocaine or as traditional as alcohol-is how they are consumed by certain youth sectors. They are weekend consumption, outside the family, in public spaces or in public spaces and with the almost unique motivation to have fun. In the case of alcohol there is often an intentional search for drunkenness, with changes in the departure times of young people, and we consume on the public highway, characteristics that amplify the phenomenon.

However, the number of problematic or excessive alcohol users continues to be in adult ages with the consequent damage to both individual and family, not forgetting those arising from accidents at work or traffic.

One aspect that should be highlighted is that these consumptions do not generally enclose countercultural positions or marginal behaviors as often happens in the previous model. We are faced with new fashions, new ways of being in society, affecting important groups of relatively standardised young people in other spheres of their lives.

C) The main trends in drug use:

The main trends regarding the situation of drug use in our country could be summarized as follows:

a) Heroin:

As stated above, all available data point to a stabilization (or even decline) of heroin use in all its modalities (both in experimental consumption, as in the occasional and usual).

To this we must add another data of high interest from a public health perspective: among the users of heroin continues to decrease the route of the injection and increase the practice of smoking or to inhale this drug.

b) Synthesis drugs (ecstasy and the like):

These drugs are synthetic psychodrugs, in general variants of amphetamine, a central nervous system stimulant. The best known, the ecstasy or MDMA which achieved greater fame in the media a few years ago, has been included since 1985 in the list I of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of the United Nations, which is where the substances are grouped considered to be more dangerous and therefore more subject to international control.

These substances appeared in Spain in places of strong tourist dominance (Ibiza and Levante), and, at first, among foreigners. Its consumption was extended with a great speed from the beginning of the 1990s and in a short space of time.

Synthesis drugs form and lead a consumer association with other drugs-especially hallucinogens and amphetamines that give them a noticeable risk.

c) Cocaine:

There appears to be no major changes in the overall cocaine consumption of the general population. However, a slight increase has been detected during the last few years among the youth population.

The most important fact in relation to cocaine is the significant increase in the number of people with problems due to this substance, who ask to be cared for in health and social services for the last two years. All this suggests a higher level of epidemiological surveillance, prevention and specialized treatment of the problems associated with its use.

With regard to crack, its consumption is, fortunately, very little spread among the population. However, there appears to be some consumption among heroin users, especially in some Autonomous Communities in the south of Spain and the Canary Islands, where heroin is mainly consumed by the lung (smoked or inhaled).

d) Cannabis:

Its derivatives, mainly hashish, are still the most widespread illegal drugs in Spain. Approximately one in five Spaniards have ever tried this substance.

Although it is important to be cautious in concluding that cannabis use is increasing in the general population, if this consumption can be confirmed in the youth and adolescent population during the last few years.

e) Alcohol:

Alcohol is without a doubt the toxic substance most consumed by the Spanish. Although according to the most recent data available, it does not appear to be increasing, the current figures are sufficiently important for us to deserve our attention.

The highest proportion of subjects who reported consumption in the last month occurred between nineteen and twenty-eight years. As stated above, among young people the consumption of alcohol has peculiar characteristics: it is located mainly in public areas or places of amusement, it is produced mostly during the weekend and focuses on the beer and those combined as preferential drinks. A high percentage of the population of fifteen to twenty-eight years maintains a pattern of weekend consumption. The daily consumption, and therefore more problematic, focuses mainly on the over forty-nine-year-olds.

Despite the high prevalence of prevalence, there is a great social tolerance for alcohol consumption and its use carries a very low perception of risk. This makes it difficult to implement strategies aimed at the prevention of alcoholism.

f) Tobacco:

Tobacco is, along with alcohol, the toxic substance most consumed by Spaniards. According to the latest surveys of the population, a large majority of Spaniards aged 15 to 60 and five years have tried it on occasion, with the average age of contact with this substance at 16.6 years for the population as a whole. The largest daily tobacco users are registered among men, people of twenty-nine to thirty-eight years and those with studies of BUP/FP and EGB.

The current generations of young people are started in the habit of smoking, with an appreciable percentage that has tested this substance before the age of fourteen.

Likewise, it should be noted that women aged fifteen to eighteen years old start smoking before males of the same age, contrary to what happened in previous generations.

On the other hand, in the 15-to-eighteen-year-old youth sector that smokes every day, the percentage of women who have this habit is higher than that of men.

g) Tranquilizers and Somnierms:

The use of these substances without medical prescription is not very high. A fairly common model in the use of the same consists in the initiation by optional prescription, continuing with self-medication by the users.

The proportion of women in total consumers is higher in these substances than in the case of illegal trade drugs. On the other hand, among the young people of fourteen to eighteen years, in recent years there has been a certain tendency to increase this consumption.

d) Social perception of the phenomenon:

According to what the latest surveys tell us, and as noted above, while approximately half of Spanish citizens consider illicit drug use to be a major problem, it has lowered the sense of alarm that was associated with this behavior.

This results in a greater perceived difficulty in achieving the different drugs, especially those considered by the respondents as more dangerous for health. There is also a decrease in the visibility of certain facts related to this issue: syringes lying on the ground, people offering drugs, consumers taking substances in public places, etc.

On the other hand, there is an important degree of coincidence between the proposals that citizens consider to be more positive in order to resolve this issue and the actions carried out by public administrations. Thus, among these proposals stand out:

education on this issue in schools, voluntary treatment of consumers, police control and information and awareness campaigns for the population. Only a very small percentage is a supporter of the legalization of drugs as an appropriate measure to solve this issue.

2. Evolution and main achievements of the National Drug Plan

First of all, it can be strongly stated that the National Drug Plan represented a qualitative and quantitative leap for intervention in the field of drugs. We will follow a brief review on its creation, evolution and current situation:

The first references to the need for structured and coordinated action in the field of drug dependency are set out in Decree 3032/1978 of 15 December 1978 on the creation of an Inter-Ministerial Commission for the study of problems arising from the use of drugs.

As a consequence of the above, in the debate on the State of the Nation of 1983, the Government informed of its intention to institutionalize and centralize in a single organ the action of political and administrative coordination of prevention of drug dependence, for which a "National Plan" would be developed. At the moment, the State of the Autonomies was already a reality.

To be able to prepare the first documents that were used for the preparation of the National Plan, an Inter-Ministerial Working Group was set up, with coordination entrusted to the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs.

The guidelines of the National Plan drawn up by the Group were approved by the Council of Ministers of Ministers on 20 March 1985, with the date of 11 April 1985 and under the chairmanship of the Minister for Health and Consumption when the First Sectoral Conference of the National Plan on Drugs was held.

In this I Conference, the constitution of an Inter-Regional Technical Commission was agreed upon to study the Plan and to provide suggestions, as well as to address the issues that could be entrusted to it by the Sectoral Conference.

The measures included in the Plan were primarily aimed at achieving the following objectives:

Reduction of supply and demand.

Diminishing citizen insecurity.

Offer of a Public Network of services of care, sufficient and transparent for the society as a whole.

Coordination and cooperation of the administrations and social institutions involved in the problem.

With the publication of Royal Decree 1677/1985 of 11 September (already repealed by Royal Decree 79/1997), the creation of the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs, as a single-personnel body, was already a reality. with the powers to develop the Agreements of the Inter-Ministerial Group; drawing up proposals for programmes and actions relating to the fight against drug trafficking and the use of drugs and the evaluation of those carried out by the various Ministries; exercise of the coordination and functional direction of the various ministerial departments, public authorities and bodies, and coordination of the allocation of budgetary resources.

After the first years since its implementation, the organic structure of the National Plan on Drugs will undergo several modifications that obey three fundamental motivations:

The extension or incorporation of new ministerial departments.

The extension of faculties.

The need to distinguish between the political functions of the person in charge as a delegate of the National Plan and the administrative activity of the organization in charge.

By Royal Decree 1885/1996, of 2 August, the Government Delegation expands its field of action.

Since then, the function of carrying the General Register of Cataloged Chemical Operators and the others attributed to the Ministry of the Interior by Law 3/1996 of 10 January, and the competition for to receive, analyse and study information on drug trafficking and money laundering related to drugs. It is also necessary to add those attributed to it as a result of the adoption of Law 36/1995 of 11 December, of the creation of a Fund from the Goods seized by drug trafficking, and those which, after the approval of the Royal Decree 783/1998, of 30 April 1998, is recognised as the State Communication Authority with the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.

in addition to this competitive expansion, as has been seen, in the areas of resources, the control of supply and information, a parallel redistribution has also been carried out in the organizational aspects of the the Delegation.

Among the main achievements made during the nearly fifteen years of the National Plan on Drugs, the following can be highlighted:

1. The existence of a comprehensive plan to intervene in the face of the phenomenon of the drug dependency articulated from an institutional, social and political consensus, and where all the public administrations of the State converge. This Plan finds its territorial plasmization through the Autonomous Plans in force in the seventeen Autonomous Communities and in the cities of Ceuta and Melilla that make up the Spanish State.

2. Strengthening of a social fabric where the activity of civil society is articulated with an indisputable role of non-governmental organizations involved in drug dependency, a prominent presence of diverse institutions (universities, companies, foundations of different types, etc.), as well as the involvement of a large number of professionals and other private sectors interested in this topic.

3. Consolidation of a wide, diversified and professionalized network of care that provides an adequate response to the demands of the drug-dependent population.

Within this network, mainly belonging to the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, we have resources of very different kinds that include a multiple therapeutic offer where they are contemplated, among others, programmes and centres for outpatient care, therapeutic communities, specialised units in hospital centres, social emergency centres, risk and damage reduction programmes, training and labour workshops and programmes of treatment with opiate substitutes. This network has almost seven hundred public or publicly funded centers and is capable of serving more than a hundred thousand drug addicts per year.

4. Implementation of different experiences of social and labour insertion, which have been consolidated and developed over time. In the field of labour integration, it is important to highlight, in addition to the many actions carried out by the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, the implementation in 1997, on the basis of a partnership agreement between the Ministry of Education and the Interior and the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, of the Protocol between the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs and the National Institute of Employment. Under the scheme, the INEM has offered 5,000 places to drug addicts in the process of rehabilitation, through the National Plan for Vocational Training and Insertion and the grant of workshops and workshops. It should be noted that this protocol has been particularly important for drug addicts under the age of 25 and has allowed the incorporation of these drugs through the workshop schools to be extended and institutionalized.

5. The creation of solid bases capable of enabling the process of generalization of a preventive policy. Among the actions implemented to achieve this objective, it should be noted: (a) the approval by the Inter-Regional Commission in December 1996 of the document " Basic criteria for intervention in the programmes for the prevention of (b) the publication of different prevention texts, including the book "Prevention of drug dependency: Analysis and proposals for action" and (c) the introduction of "Education for health" as a subject Primary and secondary education, after the approval of the LOGSE.

6. Consolidation of information systems that allow an increasingly comprehensive and detailed knowledge of the reality of drug use in Spain and its consequences.

In relation to this, it is necessary to point out the implementation of the Spanish Observatory on Drugs (December 1997), whose system of indicators incorporates with substantial improvements various systems of previously existing information (SEIT, home and school surveys on drugs), and creates new ones (fast information probes, immediate alert phones, etc.).

7. Modernisation of legislation to adapt gradually to the changing situation of drugs and drug dependency. This adequacy has occurred in different scopes:

a) In the political-administrative organization of the PNSD and the assumption of office by the Delegation of the Government for the same (Royal Decree 1885/1996, August, basic organic structure of the Ministry of the Interior, and Real Decree 783/1998 of 30 April 1998 establishing the Spanish Observatory on Drugs in the Government Delegation for the PNSD.

b) In the organization, coordination and improvement of preventive and care measures (at this time, ten Autonomous Communities have laws to regulate preventive, care and reintegration aspects in the their respective territorial areas).

(c) In the regulation of state-wide rules aimed at promoting prevention and increasing the means for this (Law 36/1995, of 11 December, of the Creation of a Fund from the Goods Seized by Trafficking in Drugs, and its Development Regulation).

d) In measures of repression of drug trafficking and related crimes (Law 10/1995 of 23 November of the Penal Code; Law 3/1996 of 10 January on measures for the control of classified chemical substances) In the case of illegal drug manufacturing, the Organic Law 5/1999, of 13 January, amending the Law on Criminal Procedure, which extends the concept of "supervised delivery" to the precursors and profits obtained with the drug trafficking and also regulates the figure of the "undercover agent").

e) With regard to the control of money laundering, Royal Decree 925/1995 of 9 January, which developed Law 19/1993 of 28 December on certain measures to prevent money laundering, establishing that The executive service of the Commission on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Monetary Violations (SEPLAC) was attached to the Banco de España.

Likewise, it should be noted that Spain forms part of the main United Nations Treaties and Conventions on this subject: the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances and United Nations Convention of 1988.

8. Availability of highly specialized police instruments and instruments: National Central Narcotics Office, Drugs and Organized Crime Units (UDYCO), Police of Proximity, and Specialization Plans in the Fight against Blanking Capitals, et cetera.

Also, it is important to highlight the existence of the High Councils and the Anti-Drug Trafficking and the Blanking of Capital Councils, attached to the Ministry of the Interior, through the Government Delegation for the PNSD, and where authorities and officials of different bodies with competence in these matters are integrated.

9. Spain has a prominent presence in the main international organizations and forums where it develops an intense activity: United Nations, as a full member in the Commission on Narcotic Drugs; European Union; Dublin Group, in the He holds the chairmanship of the "Central America and Mexico" Regional Group; the International Financial Action Task Force.

On the other hand, Spain has signed bilateral cooperation agreements with numerous countries and is active in a particularly sensitive area such as Ibero-America. In this sense, it is important to highlight the creation of an Ibero-American Network of NGOs specialized in drug-dependency in April 1998, promoted by the Government Delegation for the PNSD, whose objectives are to strengthen cooperation in this field. between the Ibero-American and Spanish NGOs.

10. Implementation of budgetary allocations, in the field of the General Administration of the

State and the Autonomous Administrations that have allowed a wide development of programs and activities in all areas of intervention of the National Plan on Drugs and which, for the 1998 financial year, has exceeded 30,000 Millions of pesetas.

3. Goals and objectives of the national strategy

The strategy clearly defines the goals pursued by our country in all its territories, as well as the objectives that quantify and temporalize its achievement.

The main goals of the National Strategy are:

1. To maintain and enhance the constructive political debate that has been a constant since the beginning of the PNSD, and which has allowed a collaboration between the different political formations, with the view to achieving the common objective of reducing the extent of drug dependence and the improvement of the situation of those affected.

2. To promote the awareness of society and to promote the participation of all those private institutions, groups, associations and individuals who wish to work on this subject, being aware that this is a task that only between It is possible to carry out.

3. Prioritise prevention as the most important strategy to deal with this problem, taking into account the emerging consumption of recreational, alcohol and tobacco. But it is fundamentally a prevention based on education and is aimed at the children and young people in order to foster their emotional and social maturation, oriented to the promotion of their critical capacity, their autonomy as people and the clarification and strengthening of their values. An education, in short, that will make them free and able to make decisions more suitable for their life projects and for their integration into an increasingly tolerant and supportive society.

The prevention of drug addiction will be of interest in preventing the use and abuse of drugs as well as other social and health problems associated with consumption. It is therefore necessary to include activities to detect and treat the organic and psychological pathologies associated with consumption.

4. The National Drug Plan addresses the problem of drug abuse from a global perspective, which involves fully incorporating all substances that can be used and abused, with special attention to alcohol and tobacco.

5. Adapt the existing care network in the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in order to adapt it to the new needs that the phenomenon poses or can pose. Also, incorporate those therapeutic alternatives of recognized solvency, paying special attention to the variations that the phenomenon is suffering. This adequacy should maintain the momentum of integration and standardisation of care networks in public health and social services systems, in order to take advantage of all existing resources and offer a wide variety of therapeutic possibilities according to the needs demanded in each specific case.

In this aspect of rehabilitation, the Plan recommends being open to all innovations that have been proven useful and scientifically endorsed.

6. To promote programs that facilitate people with problems with the use of drugs (in therapeutic process or not) their incorporation into society as active members of the same.

In this sense, although drug withdrawal constitutes only one of the possible goals of the care process, it continues to be a desirable objective and, therefore, to be strengthened.

7. Strengthen the reduction of the supply of drugs by promoting a comprehensive action against drug trafficking, money laundering and other related crimes.

To this end, it will be necessary to strengthen and improve the coordination of the different bodies that work in the control and repression of the supply of drugs and the crimes related to it (Judicial Branch, Special Prosecutor for The Prevention and Repression of the Illegal Trafficking in Drugs, Forces and Security Bodies, also affecting a greater specialization of the same.

8. To carry out a constant updating and adaptation of the regulatory framework to the situation in the various areas of action of the plan: reduction of demand, control of supply, administrative political organization, cooperation international, etc.

9. To enhance international cooperation, both in terms of participation in the relevant international bodies in the field and in bilateral or multilateral agreements with specific countries or geopolitical areas.

10. To encourage a number of complementary areas which are of vital importance for the achievement of the generic objectives of demand reduction and supply control. Among these areas, it is worth noting the training of technicians and specialists in the various fields of action; the evaluation of the programmes carried out and the development of research lines that contribute to a better understanding of the state of the problem and the measures to be taken.

4. Specific areas of intervention

The National Drug Strategy presents an analysis of the drug phenomenon from a global and integrated perspective, so it includes different areas for intervention in which the level of prioritization is explicitly stated. of the same. These areas have been grouped into three basic strategic levels: reduction of demand, reduction of supply and international cooperation. Always from the conception that, in order to avoid situations of conflict that distort the reality of the phenomenon, permanent mechanisms of coordination between the structures and measures of the three levels of intervention should be established.

A) Demand reduction:

I) Prevention of drug use:

The National Plan on Drugs is primarily based on the prevention of consumption and its consequences, with particular attention to alcohol, tobacco, and emerging recreational consumption.

In fact, prevention is configured as the fundamental axis on which the National Drug Strategy is articulated. The measures and objectives aimed at achieving greater involvement of civil society through awareness raising and awareness-raising, as well as the modification of social stereotypes about the various consumptions that will allow for improve the effectiveness of the interventions; they must be one of the main elements of intervention. In addition, priority should be given to another series of actions aimed at the generalisation of preventive programmes with scientific support and evaluation of their effectiveness.

In this sense, the National Drug Plan attributes special attention to prevention measures, based on the document on the basic criteria for intervention in the prevention programs of

the drug dependency, carried out by the commission appointed to the effect and approved by the Inter-regional Commission and the Sectoral Conference.

Prevention should be structured into the following principles, priorities, and objectives of action:

a) Principles of Action:

1. Preventive programmes should be addressed in such a way as to enable the synergy of actions in the areas of police, health, education, work, social, etc. This component of intersectoriality also encompasses the performance of the different levels of the Administrations and the social movement.

2. Social co-responsibility and the active participation of citizens are considered to be the basic principles on which any intervention in this field should be based. Only from the exercise of individual and collective responsibility can a job that needs change of individual and social attitudes and behaviors be successfully addressed in order to build a society free from dependence on substances. In this sense, the role of the media is also considered key.

3. Another fundamental pillar of any preventive strategy will be the promotion of health education. Thus, the health education of the general population and education for health at school become basic strategies from which programs and actions should be designed.

4. At present, an area of prevention of drug use cannot be conceived which, in turn, does not contain measures aimed at the prophylaxis and reduction of associated infectious diseases and disorders.

b) Priority areas for intervention:

The school, family, work, community and social communication areas are highlighted as priority areas for intervention.

1. School scope:

Action in this area must involve the school community as a whole, that is, teachers, pupils and parents. It is considered that the basic strategy of action should be developed through education for health, as a transversal matter, according to the LOGSE. This should be complemented by intensive interventions on particularly vulnerable groups, including those affected by school failure.

The activities that will be developed with the students will be directed by their teachers and integrated into the school and after-school activities of the educational center. It is advisable for all of them to be part of the educational project of the centre, to be continued in time and not sporadic, so that a student can start these activities and continue with those corresponding to the higher courses for which there will be.

It is considered important and appropriate that teachers have the support of professionals in the prevention of drug addiction, in order to solve the problems and difficulties that may arise in the development of these programmes.

It is also necessary that the performance of the teacher be helped by the existence of preventive materials that, adapted to the evolutionary stage of the student, have an impact especially on the risks of the consumption of tobacco, alcohol and medicines not prescribed.

In addition they should address other aspects such as hygiene habits, self-care, self-esteem, resistance to group pressure, the development of critical capacity in the face of the influence of advertising and other factors that are considered protective against drug use. These materials must be sufficiently contrasted and experienced.

2. Family scope:

Actions on families should be aimed at preventing the occurrence of problems arising from the use of drugs, as well as for consumption.

Interventions with families will tend to foster educational and communication skills within the family, increase parents ' sense of competence, and their ability to solve problems, as well as make them aware of the importance of their role as health agents. They should also pursue the involvement of parents in other school or community initiatives developed in their environment.

It is necessary to improve access to families and increase their participation in the programs that are developed. To this end, the programmes should be geared to addressing the needs and concerns of parents, rather than focusing exclusively on drug training and should be adapted to their circumstances.

Also, preventive work with multiproblem families is a priority, developing interventions aimed at preventing the use of drugs and other problematic behaviors by their children. It is also necessary to involve the parents of high-risk children to participate in prevention programmes, complementing coordinated actions from social services and continuing the proposed objectives from the educational field.

It is necessary to have a range of family prevention programmes adapted to the different needs and characteristics of the participants, which are also sufficiently evaluated and coordinated with the social services, departments of minors, NGOs and others.

3. Scope of work:

Considering that epidemiological studies place the level of alcohol and tobacco consumption among workers above the average consumption of the general population, interventions and programs will be structured. preventive measures in the working environment, which are aimed primarily at the prevention of institutionalized substances, without forgetting other substances, in the context and methodology of the National Plan.

Prevention activities should prioritize production and collective sectors of workers at high risk and also those whose job performance may pose a risk to third parties, such as drivers of public service vehicles, health workers, safety professionals, etc.

It is considered necessary that these programs have the participation of employers, trade union representatives and prevention services. Similarly, such programmes should be included in the safety and hygiene programmes of the enterprises.

Among the activities to be contained in these programmes are the following: information, awareness and guidance, facilitating treatment of workers with problems arising from drug use, working from a context of prevention of occupational risks and not from a sanctioning perspective, training and training of managers and cadres with specialized advice.

4. Community scope:

Prevention at Community level must be aimed at strengthening community messages and standards against drug abuse and in favour of health.

Community interventions will be aimed at promoting the mobilization, involvement and participation of institutions and organizations of the community in the definition of their needs and the development of answers. To do this, the training of social mediators is necessary.

These community programmes must be comprehensive, supported by other programmes developed in their environment-such as school, family, work programmes ...-multifaceted and adapted to the characteristics of their own groups. In the communities where school programmes are applied, community intervention should enhance the openness and connection of educational institutions with other resources in the environment, by encouraging, inter alia, after-school activities. In the same way, alternative leisure and leisure interventions and street education will be enhanced.

In addition, policies on drugs developed in a particular community must guarantee their suitability and their acceptance by the population.

It is necessary for community initiatives to be supported at the technical level by experts who guide the actions and help evaluate them.

5. Scope of social communication:

Firstly, it should be noted that, although it is envisaged as one more area, it also has a strategic value for accessibility to the other areas of intervention, and should therefore be conceived in its Mainstreaming. Thus, information and awareness campaigns are included in society, as well as relations and actions with the social media.

With regard to campaigns, it seems clearly accepted that these should not form the basis for preventive action, although they may be a reinforcement or support for the rest of the actions. They can be considered useful when they delimit their message to a specific population group and their message has certain characteristics: positive, non-moralistic or dramatizer, offers clear and objective information, provides alternatives, etc.

With regard to the social media, it seems appropriate to stimulate actions that involve a strengthening of the different preventive actions and programs. Recognizing their impact on the transmission of messages to society and their role in shaping social opinion, they should be given agile, clear and truthful information about the different aspects related to drug use and the drug dependence, so that they can be transmitted under the same conditions. It should also be supported to achieve a social opinion on drug dependence more in line with the reality of the phenomenon and without the existing prejudices.

6. Health scope:

Prevention in the health field will be focused on health education, through health personnel, and early detection of problems related to the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs.

These actions should be carried out primarily from primary care teams through the implementation of specific programs and protocols.

7. Other scopes:

There are a number of institutions that, by their characteristics, make up living communities with different population groups, so they require specific preventive interventions. Among them:

(a) Centers that meet young people for a longer or shorter time (youth residences, military service, etc.).

b) Prison centers where comprehensive prevention interventions can be performed through a health promotion perspective.

c) Child protection and reform centers.

General goals:

1. To provide the population with sufficient information on the risks of tobacco, alcohol and other substances that are capable of generating dependence or which may be used to risk the population that consumes them.

1. In 2003, all of the Autonomous Plans, as well as the interventions of the Government Delegation for the National Plan, will have included information measures on tobacco and alcohol, adapting also to new consumption. emerging. These information measures should have the necessary complement with other prevention strategies.

2. In 2003, the perception of the health risk of drug use will have increased by an average of 10 per 100.

2. To enhance the training of teachers in primary and secondary education on problems related to drug use.

1. In 2008, all teacher training schools will have included Education for Health (EPS) in their training curriculum.

2. In 2003, 60 per 100 of the teachers will be offered training in the prevention of drug dependence, incorporating into the health education programs. This training will have reached 100 per 100 of the teachers in 2008.

3. In 2003, at least 80 per 100 of the teachers of secondary education formed in EPS will have addressed the issue of drug use in their classes. In turn, 50 per 100 will deal with it in a systematic way.

3. To ensure that most schoolchildren at the end of compulsory education have received sufficient objective information and adequate training on the consequences of drug use and abuse and acquired skills, competencies and skills sufficient to effectively address their relationship with them.

1. In 2003, 60 per 100 of the young school students will have received sufficient objective information, in the framework of the EPS, in relation to the consumption of drugs, by the educational community. This percentage will have reached 100 per 100 in 2008.

2. In 2003, 20 per 100 of school children from integrated centres in areas of priority action will have participated in school prevention programmes which include training and alternative activities on the appropriate use of leisure and time. free.

3. In 2003, 15 per 100 of the educational centres integrated into areas of priority action will have systems of early diagnosis on the use of drugs.

4. In 2003, the average age of alcohol and tobacco consumption in the youth population will be delayed by at least six months. This delay will be one year in 2008.

5. In 2003, the percentage of young daily tobacco users will be reduced by 5 per 100, a percentage that will reach 10 per 100 in 2008. It will be very special to curb the expansive trend among adolescents.

6. In 2003, the percentage of young, high risk and excessive drinkers will have been reduced by 20 per 100.

7. In 2003, the consumption of alcoholic beverages among young people during the weekends will have decreased by 10 per 100. It will be very special to curb the expansive trend among adolescents.

4. To put in place control measures on the advertising and promotion of alcoholic beverages and tobacco that protect minors.

In 2003, all Autonomous Plans will have regulatory measures that limit the advertising of tobacco and alcohol. In this context, among other measures, the control of the sponsorship of events of a sporting and cultural nature, the public exposure of the legal regulations prohibiting the consumption or sale of these substances, the control of schedules or the use of youth models for the display of advertising.

5. To develop a process of authorisation and accreditation of teacher training and prevention programmes in the field of education and type-approval of teaching materials for use in the school environment as instruments to support the use of educators in the prevention of drug use.

1. In 2003, they will have been authorised or accredited by the competent educational institutions, in coordination with the Autonomous Plans on Drugs, the basic contents and the minimum duration of the EPS courses, aimed at the teachers, it is at least twenty hours.

2. In the year 2003, by the competent educational institutions in coordination with the Autonomous Plans on Drugs, they will have established systems of authorization and accreditation of programs of prevention and approval of materials of support to these.

The approval, approval and accreditation systems must conform to the criteria established by the Sectoral Conference of the National Plan on Drugs.

3. In 2003, a catalogue of approved programmes and approved prevention materials will have been drawn up by the same institutions in the previous paragraph, enabling educators to have an offer according to their characteristics and needs.

4. In 2003, 50 per 100 of the prevention programs applied in the classroom will be authorized.

This percentage will reach 100 per 100 in 2008.

5. In 2003, the competent educational institutions in coordination with the Autonomous Plans on Drugs will have created technical commissions for the approval, authorization and accreditation of programs and materials of prevention. These structures will have their reference in the National Plan on Drugs.

6. To develop research projects on prevention of drug addiction in the family and community school.

1. In 2003, in the framework of the National Plan on Drugs, at least one model of general family prevention and one aimed at high-risk families, both of a supry-unit nature, will have been designed, applied and evaluated.

2. In 2003, in the framework of the National Plan on Drugs, at least one model of a school prevention program for each educational cycle will have been designed, applied and evaluated, as well as a specific one for high-risk students.

3. In 2003, at least 30 per 100 of the school intervention programmes will include structured and evaluated community actions.

7. To promote the training and recycling of sociocultural animators, free time monitors and other social mediators, preferably juveniles, as preventive agents in drug dependence.

1. In 2003, all Autonomous Drug Plans, in collaboration with the institutions responsible for youth policy, will have included training and training actions aimed at socio-cultural animators, time monitors and other social mediators.

2. In 2003, health education content will be included in activities carried out with young people by social mediators and animation schools.

8. Develop instruments to assess the levels of risk and protection of a particular community and to facilitate the evaluation of the effectiveness of interventions.

1. In 2003, criteria and instruments for the assessment of risk levels and protection of the Community's areas will have been defined. From them, all the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have a map of areas or priority areas of intervention.

2. In 2003, 50 per 100 of the Diputaciones and the Municipalities or Mancommunities of more than 20,000 inhabitants will have to have approved Local Plans on Drugs that include drug prevention programs. This percentage must be 100 per 100 in 2008.

3. By the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in collaboration with the General Administration of the State and the Local Administration, actions aimed at the promotion of preventive actions in the municipalities will be supported. less than 20,000 inhabitants individually or jointly, with this second option being the priority in the case of municipalities under 5,000 inhabitants.

9. To promote, in collaboration with social services, the associations of mothers and parents of students (AMPAS) and other social entities, the development of preventive programs aimed at families in general and those at high risk in particular.

1. In 2003, 50 per 100 of the school prevention programs will have to include strategies aimed specifically at the family. These strategies will be generated 100 per 100 of the programs in 2008.

2. In 2003, 40 per 100 of the Community intervention programmes will provide for actions aimed at high-risk families.

3. In 2003, 50 per 100 of the Local Drug Plans will have to develop family prevention actions within their community prevention programs. This percentage will have to reach 100 per 100 in 2008.

10. To promote the development of programs based on scientific evidence, thus disseminating best practices.

In 2003, all prevention actions financed by the public administrations involved in the National Drug Plan will be in line with the requirements set out in the "Basic Intervention Criteria" document. of the Drug Prevention Programs, approved at the Sectoral Conference of the 1997 National Drug Plan.

11. The Government Delegation for the National Drug Plan and the Directorate General of Penitentiary Institutions, in collaboration with the Autonomous Drug Plans, will incorporate preventive and health education strategies in all of the drug-dependency programmes carried out in the penitentiary.

1. In 2003, programs and preventive activities in relation to drug use and its consequences will be carried out in 50 per 100 of the penitentiary centers. This percentage will reach 100 per 100 in the year 2008.

2. In 2003, 20 per 100 of the officials of the penitentiary centres in the field of drug prevention will have been trained. This percentage will reach 50 per 100 in the year 2008.

12. Establish, from the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs, in collaboration with the Autonomous Plans, a plan of outreach to the media professionals to promote awareness actions and training in the field of drug addiction and social communication.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the main national social media will have received basic information on the prevention of drug dependence.

2. In 2003, drug training actions will have been developed for 50 per 100 of the professionals from the main national social media outlets covering information on drug dependency. When the training is concerned with the Autonomous Community, it will be carried out jointly with the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

13. To stimulate and implement preventive strategies that include informative, formative and modification actions of attitudes, behaviors and risk factors in the work population.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the Autonomous Drug Plans will have established collaboration agreements with the trade unions and employers organizations to promote the prevention of drug addiction in the workplace.

2. In 2003, the most vulnerable sectors of the population will have been identified in the field of work and appropriate prevention tools will have been designed for these target groups.

14. To develop programs and protocols for early diagnosis of problems related to the consumption of tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs in primary health care teams.

1. In 2003, all Autonomous Plans, in coordination with the Public Health System, will have developed protocols for early diagnosis of drug use.

2. In 2003, at least 25 per 100 of the Primary Care Teams will offer, among their services, early detection programs and coordinated action against the problems related to drug use.

II) Reduction of Damage:

Those problematic uses of drugs that are not avoidable will generate damages to the consuming population, to third parties and to society itself. The National Strategy contemplates the implementation of interventions aimed at undermining the damages caused by these consumption, mainly in social and health aspects. This type of measure, which has been shown to be effective, will have widespread applicability throughout the territory of the State, with particular attention being paid to those areas where the negative effects of drug consumption are higher. manifestation.

Objectives:

1. To ensure that the majority of the drug-dependent population is able to access harm reduction programmes.

1. In 2003, access to 100 per 100 of drug addicts who either do not wish to go to drug-free treatment should be given access to 100 per 100 or are waiting to start it.

2. In 2003, at least 50 per 100 of the care services for drug users will have to include in their services the modalities of action that will allow the reduction of damages associated with the consumption of drugs. This percentage will reach 100 per 100 in the year 2008.

3. In 2003, 25 per 100 of the health zones will have to include in their service portfolios the development of coordinated damage reduction programs. This percentage will have reached 50 per 100 of the health zones in 2008. It will prioritize its implementation in the cities of more than 50,000 inhabitants.

4. In 2003, it should be possible for 100 per 100 of drug addicts who leave treatment or who suffer a relapse to receive at least the offer of a harm reduction programme.

5. In 2003, all provincial capitals will have to have at least one emergency service to respond to the basic needs of drug addicts who do not usually go to the standard care network. The coordination of the three administrations involved will have to be taken into account for the implementation of these centres.

2. To implement in a general way programs to reduce the harm associated with the use of drugs, especially the programs of exchange of syringes, safer sex and lower risk consumption, anti-AIDS kits, etc.

1. In 2003, the drug-dependent population using the parenteral route for consumption will have been reduced by 25 per 100.

2. In 2003, the levels of reuse and use of syringes by several people should have been reduced by at least 20 per 100.

3. In 2003, they will be adequately trained in safer sex prevention strategies and lower risk consumption 100 per 100 of the professionals in the drug care centers.

4. In 2003, at least one professional from each specialist drug care centre will be trained to carry out workshops on safer sex and lower risk consumption (pathways for consumption, consumption and driving, violence and consumption, mixture of substances, infections, ...).

3. Establish, from the Autonomous Plans on Drugs and AIDS and the Official Colleges of Pharmacists, strategies for the implementation in the pharmacy offices of harm reduction programs.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the pharmacy offices will provide information on safer sex and lower risk consumption.

2. In 2003, at least 50 per 100 of the pharmacy offices that dispense and exchange syringes will be increased.

4. To implement programmes for the systematic vaccination of the drug-dependent population in relation to tetanus, hepatitis B, as well as anti-tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis. As far as possible, the extension of these programs to families and close associates will be encouraged.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of drug addicts who contact the National Health System (primary care or drug care) will systematically receive the offer of tetanus and hepatitis B vaccination.

2. In 2003, the National Health System will facilitate the anti-tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis 100 per 100 of the drug addicts who need it, including family and relatives.

3. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the professionals working in the field of drug dependence may periodically review their immune situation in the face of tuberculosis, so that anti-tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis can be established. where this is relevant.

5. To implement health education programmes aimed at reducing the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs among the general population.

Especially, harm reduction programs associated with alcohol consumption will be carried out in connection with road accidents and violence.

1. In 2003, all of the Autonomic Plans on Drugs and the Government Delegation for the National Plan will carry out health education actions aimed at reducing the harm caused by the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs targeting the general population.

2. In 2003, traffic accidents linked to alcohol consumption must have been reduced by at least 15 per 100.

3. In 2003 they will have expanded and developed, in the materials and compulsory educational curriculum of the self-schools, contents that include the necessary council strategies for the future drivers to know and assume the risks related to the consumption of alcohol and the driving of vehicles.

4. In 2003, all of the Autonomous Plans will have offered to the self-schools training of teachers for the development of objective 5.3.

5. In 2003, the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs and the Administration of Justice, in coordination with those responsible for women's and family policies and the Autonomous Plans on Drugs, will have implemented 50 per 100 of the police stations and are judged to be a program of attention to the problems related to the violence and the consumption of alcohol and other drugs, especially those that occur in the domestic and family environments.

6. In 2003, all the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla must have at least one specific programme of care for the child, developed and developed in close collaboration with the social services, which will guarantee the This is an integral part of the problem of domestic violence caused by the abuse of alcohol and other drugs.

6. To promote the quality of treatment programs with agonists implemented in the care network as a whole belonging to the National Health System.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the treatment programs with public agonists must be functionally coordinated in the care network belonging to the National Health System, enabling a continuous "feedback" with other devices and allowing the exchange of patients when necessary.

2. In 2003, 50 per 100 of the agonist treatment programmes will offer a variety of core services including those of general health, mental health, preventive activities, social and labour assistance and support. family.

This percentage will reach 100 per 100 in 2008.

7. To diversify the supply of harm reduction programs in the penitentiary centers through different initiatives, such as the extension of the syringe exchange programs.

1. In 2003, the Directorate General of Penitentiary Institutions, in collaboration with the Autonomous Plans on Drugs, will have implemented in at least 30 per 100 of the prison centers of syringe exchange programs.

2. In 2003, the Directorate General of Penitentiary Institutions, in collaboration with the Autonomous Plans, will have implemented in the 50 per 100 of the penitentiary centers psychosocial initiatives that develop the programs of reduction of the damage that is currently applied. This percentage will reach 100 per 100 in 2008.

III) Assistance and social integration:

The National Drug Strategy calls for a system of social assistance and integration for the drug-dependent and third parties concerned to incorporate all therapeutic devices and to define the functions of each of them, ensuring equity in benefits across the State.

Such a system should be based on the coordination of administrations with responsibility for health and social services, constituting the reference framework.

The system of assistance and social integration of the drug-dependent should include the structuring of therapeutic circuits that include the participation of the Mental Health Network, the Primary Health Care Teams and the Social Services in the care programmes for drug addicts. In turn, they will have to include programmes for the treatment of problems related to alcohol or tobacco dependence.

It is inexcusable for the system to clearly define and establish quality programs that ensure the needs and demands of users with necessary scientific and interpersonal relationships.

Fulfilled the needs of universal network coverage, it is necessary to pay special attention to the inequalities and especially to those groups of users who do not contact the care network, not are in a position to abandon the problem or do not want it at that time.

The therapeutic circuits of the Drug-Dependent System of Assistance and Social Integration:

Assistance to drug addicts should be carried out through the National Health System and the Social Action and Social Services System, supplemented by duly authorized and/or accredited private resources, to What we will call the System of Assistance and Social Integration of Drugs Dependents.

This system is configured as a public health care network, and in this system, general, specialized and specialized centers and services must be integrated in a coordinated way, providing outpatient and in-government assistance. residential and offer a diversified assistance that fits the characteristics, needs and demands of each patient.

Care programs should be flexible in terms of access and permanence, and should be carried out preferably in their field of residence.

In order to establish contact with the largest number of drug addicts, strategies for the active recruitment of drug addicts should be designed, as well as improving and facilitating accessibility to the different resources of the System of Assistance and Social Integration of Drugs.

In most cases, the therapeutic approach of a drug dependent requires a coordinated combination of different care resources, sometimes sequentially and sometimes simultaneously. In other words, each resource is a necessary, but not sufficient, element of a complex therapeutic process which is part of and which requires networking, as well as the centres, services and programmes that are part of it. individualised care objectives in which the primary prevention of biological, psychological and social deterioration is avoided.

The different resources of the System of Assistance and Social Integration have to be duly authorized and/or accredited, and must be characterized by their professionalization, interdisciplinarity and easy accessibility.

It is necessary for the system to be structured in intervention levels, corresponding to the Autonomous Plans on Drugs to determine the therapeutic circuit, the conditions of access and referral in it, as well as the inclusion of additional levels of intervention.

The National Drug Strategy recommends that in all areas of health there be a therapeutic circuit that is structured, at least in three basic levels of intervention, of adequate and adequate response to the needs of the treatment of drug addicts.

The first level of the therapeutic circuit must be the main gateway to the system, and must be made up of at least the primary health care teams, social services, and resources running the programmes for the reduction of risks and damage, as well as for other resources which will focus on the basic social and health needs of drug addicts in public systems.

The resources that are part of the first level have as their main functions the detection, recruitment, motivation and derivation of the drug addicts to the specialized services, the attention of the social needs and basic health care for the drug-dependent, and the necessary coordination with the second and third level resources to facilitate the social inclusion of drug addicts.

The second level of the circuit would be composed of interdisciplinary outpatient teams that will be responsible for designing and developing individualized therapeutic plans.

The resources that are part of the second tier can be classified into specialized resources of general character (primary care, specialized or mental health) and specific resources. In any case, in the Public Health System, these resources must guarantee specialized care, follow-up and referral to the third level, as well as the necessary coordination with the other levels of intervention.

The third level will be made up of specific resources with a high level of specialization. The different devices of this level can be of "supra" health area, and their access must be by derivation from the second level resources. This third level of intervention includes resources such as hospital detoxification units, residential centers, etc.

Likewise, the therapeutic circuit, at its different levels, must have resources and programs that have as its main objective the social and labor integration of drug addicts.

Objectives:

1. To define the therapeutic circuit of the System Assistants and Social Integration of the Drug Dependent, adapting it to the one defined by the National Strategy on Drugs.

1. In 2003, all Autonomous Drug Plans will have an updated system of care resources that describe the therapeutic circuit in the National Strategy and all those functional aspects that may be of interest. for professionals, users themselves and their families.

2. In 2003, all Autonomous Drug Plans will offer a diversified network of resources that will guarantee a comprehensive approach to drug addiction. This network, included in the National Health System, will basically have drug-free programs, harm reduction programs, specifically treatment with agonists, and specific programs of care for special populations (inmates, children, ethnic minorities, women, patients with dual pathology, etc.)

2. Incorporate strategies to improve the therapeutic approach of people who have problems related to the consumption of alcohol and tobacco, new drugs and new patterns of consumption.

1. In 2003, the National Health System should have incorporated therapeutic strategies to address problems related to alcohol, tobacco, new drugs and new patterns of consumption.

2. In 2003, the period of time between the start of alcohol abuse and the start of treatment will be reduced by at least 20 per 100.

3. Offer drug-dependent outpatient care in specific centers located within the health area where they reside.

In 2003, the National Health System must guarantee full outpatient assistance to those affected by the drug problem in the Community or Autonomous City and within the health area. where they reside.

4. Improve the objective quality of care and the results of treatment programs, establishing evaluation mechanisms.

1. In 2003, all the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have a system of evaluation of the process that allows to objectify the operation of the treatment programs, thus enabling the improvement of the quality assistance.

2. In 2008, all the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have an evaluation system to measure the results of these programs.

3. In 2003, a system of quality indicators will have been approved by the Sectoral Conference, which will aim to improve the functioning of the treatment programmes.

5. Promote early detection and early intervention programs targeting children with drug use problems and children of addicts.

1. In 2003 there will be at least one programme in each province for early detection and early intervention of children with drug problems.

2. Specific prevention programmes for the children of drug addicts will have been launched in 2003.

6. The General Administration of the State, together with the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla, will guarantee the attention to those detained with problems related to the consumption of drugs.

1. In 2003, the Autonomous Drug Plans will have at least one program of care for drug addicts in the Courts and in the Commissaries.

2. In 2008, drug-care programs in police stations and courts will have to cover all Spanish cities with the highest rate of insecurity.

7. Extend therapeutic modules to multi-purpose penitentiary centers and enhance experiences such as therapeutic prison communities.

1. In 2003, the General Administration of the State, in collaboration with the Autonomous Plans, will have created therapeutic modules aimed at the drug-dependent prison population in 100 per 100 of the multi-purpose centers.

2. In 2003, the General Administration of the State, in collaboration with the Autonomous Plans, will have implemented at least five rehabilitation programs in the treatment of intrapenitenciary therapeutic community.

8. Prioritize the entry of drug-dependent prisoners into labor-training programs.

1. In 2003 there will be an increase in the income of drug-dependent prisoners in training programmes by 30 per 100.

2. The Autonomous Communities will guarantee the offer of resources for the sociolaboral integration of drug addicts who, having carried out a rehabilitation program in prison, have been suspended the execution of their sentence.

9. To ensure the existence and development of the Drug Dependent Care Groups (GAD) in prison facilities.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the penitentiary centres must have sufficiently gifted GAD.

2. In 2003, all prisons will have the support and participation of non-prison professionals in the GAD.

3. In 2003, at least 30 per 100 of the GAD professionals will have received specialized training on drug dependency.

10. Develop prison programs aimed specifically at women.

In 2003, there will be in each Community and in each Autonomous City with prison modules of women, at least one prison program specifically targeted and adapted to drug-dependent women.

11. Promote, on the part of the municipalities of the municipalities of more than 20,000 inhabitants or groups of legally established municipalities, programs for the social integration of the drug addicts according to their needs and resources.

In 2003, at least 25 percent of these municipalities will have to put in place social integration initiatives that are appropriate to the needs of their affected population.

12. To promote coordination and joint work with health and social services networks in order to establish individualised programmes using all available resources in the regional and local fields.

In 2003, the system of assistance and social integration of the drug-dependent of the Autonomous Communities and the cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have coordination mechanisms that allow the functional relationship to be articulated between the social services networks and the resources available in the regional and local fields.

13. To provide, by the Autonomous and Local Plans on Drugs, training and employment programmes, both standardised and specific.

1. In 2003, 100 per 100 of the Autonomous Plans and 25 per 100 of the Municipal Drugs Plans of the municipalities of more than 20,000 inhabitants will have standardized or specific training and employment programs for drug addicts. included in treatment programs.

2. In 2003, the Autonomous and Local Plans which have standard or specific vocational training and employment programmes for drug addicts in treatment programmes will increase the number of beneficiaries by 20 per 100.

14. To maintain and intensify collaboration with the Public Employment Agencies, in order to facilitate the incorporation of drug addicts in the treatment of occupational training programmes.

1. In 2003, there will be an increase in the cooperation agreements with the Public Employment Agencies, at least 50 per 100, the incorporation of drug addicts into treatment of vocational training programmes.

2. In 2003, there will be an increase of 50 per 100 in the training workshops for drug addicts in treatment.

B) Reduction of the offer:

Over the past two decades, criminal organizations have taken advantage of economic globalization, improved communication and transportation routes, and new information technologies to develop their activities. International criminals with remarkable success.

The usual strategy of the organizations is usually to locate the management and production functions in areas of lower risk, where they have a relative control of the institutional environment, while the search for markets are focused on areas where demand is more stable and, as a result, is guaranteed by the purchasing power of its inhabitants.

The internationalisation of criminal activities leads to new alliances emerging from organised groups, which link their capacities rather than fight for a given territory following a model very similar to that of the association of companies operating within the legal economy.

Although most criminal organizations have as a fundamental base of their activity illegal drug trafficking, it has been observed that the criminal economy has suffered a marked trend

to extend the scope of its actions to various areas, creating an increasingly interconnected and diversified global industry, where the following illicit activities stand out:

a) Traffic in arms.

b) Traffic in nuclear material.

(c) Traffic in illegal immigrants, which is often coupled with subsequent labour exploitation.

d) Trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation, labour exploitation and children's sales networks for adoption.

e) Organ traffic.

f) Money Laundering.

The key to success in expanding globalized crime is the flexibility and versatility with which groups are organized. Interconnection is the way they operate both in their internal regime and in the field of intergroup collaboration. Criminal organizations, in short, are being able to find a connection point that allows them to collaborate rather than fight.

As can be seen from the previous exhibition, the complexity and intensity of the phenomenon is concrete in a real threat that the whole society suffers, and that forces us to modify the approach with which the administrations address the problem. In particular, it is necessary that the strategy for reducing supply takes into account all aspects of organised crime, and not just those relating to the repression of the illegal drug trade, creating the necessary structures. to coordinate effectively the response of the relevant services in the field.

In order to meet this challenge, the Secretariat of State for Security will carry out, through appropriate bodies, the monitoring of the evolution of organized crime and the direction of the actions of the Security Corps. State. It will also be aware of the actions taken by the Government Delegation for the National Drug Plan, which corresponds to the coordination between the services and units of the various ministerial departments, and in the necessary cases, between the security forces and bodies of the State responsible for the delegation of the Secretary of State for Security and other services whose specific competence may have an impact on the fight against illicit drug trafficking and money laundering.

Given the complexity of the problem it is essential that they contribute their effort to the resolution of the same different ministerial departments that have other means necessary to achieve this objective, among them the Ministries of Economy and Finance and Defense.

The strategy in the coming years is organized in three major areas of action:

1. The fight against international organizations, which requires the creation of an area of freedom, security and justice in the field of the European Union, where cooperation between the Police Corps is promoted, Services of Customs and other competent bodies, either directly or through EUROPOL, which is called upon to play a fundamental role in this field.

In the international arena, the regions of North Africa and Latin America are a priority objective of police cooperation in the fight against drugs, so it is essential to promote support mechanisms and exchange of information with the institutions responsible for the eradication of drug trafficking in those areas.

2. The fight against the internal distribution of illegal drugs, in the hands of organized groups composed of foreigners and Spanish nationals, which requires the performance of specialized research units, such as the The National Police Corps and the Organized Crime and Drug Enforcement Teams (EDOA) of the Civil Guard Corps.

3. The fight against the sale of drugs to the retail level where the Police units of proximity investigation, National Police Corps, currently in the deployment phase are located national.

As a complement to the above, it is intended that the National Plan on Drugs will actively participate in the normative field, having the capacity to participate in the legislative initiatives related to the fight against drugs. criminal organisations which have a direct link with the use of toxic drugs, narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances or the illegal trafficking of drugs, as well as with the new communication technologies being used to ensure the success of their activities.

Finally, it is intended to provide a series of strategic recommendations with a direct impact on the development and improvement of police actions related to drug trafficking and consumption.

Objectives:

1. To develop actions aimed at reducing the presence of the supply of illicit trafficking substances.

2. To increase the control of retail drug outlets, to represent the last step through which criminal gangs of traffickers can develop their activity.

3. Design and conduct drug prevention training programs for the State Security Forces and Corps. In this context, the collaboration of the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs and the Autonomous Plans on Drugs can be counted.

4. Act in the field of reorganization and optimization of the research units of the State Security Corps, strengthening the specialized units of new creation (UDYCO and Police of Proximity Investigation of the National Corps). Police, EDOA and Maritime Service of the Civil Guard etc.).

5. Strengthen the National Narcotics Office (OCNE) as a centralizing organ and coordinator of information related to the repression of drug trafficking.

6. To strengthen the concrete actions of a preventive-repressive type to deal with the specific increases in the consumption of drugs in certain places and times of the year.

7. To increase the training policy in techniques to fight drug trafficking and money laundering within the State Security Corps, with the initiatives provided by the National Plan on Drugs and the development of a Plan of Training of Experts on Drugs.

Within this policy will include the training initiatives of the National Plan on Drugs on Money Laundering, the figures of the undercover agent and the supervised delivery, the Fund Law, and other legal and research against the illegal trafficking of drugs.

8. Establish an observatory to monitor the use of new technologies by trafficking organisations; in particular with regard to three issues:

(a) The use of technology and new forms of manufacture of illegal drugs from precursors.

b) The use of sophisticated means of hiding and transporting illegal drugs.

c) The use of digital communication technologies (mobile telephony, e-mail, internet, etc.) by trafficking organizations for their illegal purposes.

This observatory will propose administrative and commercial control initiatives on certain communications related activities so that technical impediments do not render the judicial control of the telecommunications.

9. Create and develop a working group to examine the influence of tax havens on money laundering and their influence on legitimate economic processes.

10. Strengthening the control of the external borders through joint action on:

(a) Ports and airports (travellers and luggage; and freight, with special attention to containers, sports boats and marinas).

b) Land borders (private transport, public transport and lorries).

c) Coastal and territorial sea (maritime transport of people and goods, with special attention to containers).

The measures of sporadic and selective control of national borders will also be strengthened, on persons and activities classified as suspicious, according to the profiles and known "modus operandi" of legal traffic drugs.

Special attention will be given to the Strait of Gibraltar area, enhancing coordinated action between the State Security Corps, the Customs Surveillance Authority and any other bodies and institutions affected by the incidence of illegal drug trafficking and money laundering in the southern part of Spain.

11. To design a Technology Modernization Plan for the Security Corps in the field of communications, data processing and material resources, in order to enable them to carry out their functions of control of the offer.

12. Given the global dimension of illegal drug trafficking, involving the participation of nationals of different countries and cultures, the development of skills in the interpretation and translation of the languages most used by the gangs will be enhanced. of traffickers.

13. Increase international technical cooperation in the fields of EUROPOL, Network of Police Links and Bilateral and Regional Cooperation.

14. Strengthen action against the use of illegal drugs in public places and against the consumption of alcohol by minors and in open spaces, establishing, where appropriate, the corresponding coordination mechanisms with the Police Corps Local and Autonomous in their respective territorial areas.

C) International Cooperation:

In the National Drug Strategy, international cooperation is an area of special importance due to the configuration of the drug problem as a transnational phenomenon. International cooperation enables the active participation of Spain in all multilateral fora in which the phenomenon of drugs is dealt with (European Union, United Nations, Council of Europe, Organization of American States, Group of International Financial Action in the field of money laundering and the International Labour Organization, as well as the development of bilateral relations with countries with which we share this common problem, preferably neighbouring countries such as Morocco, France, Italy and Portugal and the Ibero-American countries.

The principles on which this participation is based would be as follows:

1. Active engagement of Spain in the international drug debate, with a permanent presence in all multilateral forums specialized in the problem of drugs and drug dependency.

2. Global approach to the drug problem, levelling the policies of demand and supply in the definition of strategies in the international context.

3. Assumption of the principle of shared responsibility of the States in the problem of drugs and rejection of any unilateral action.

4. Strengthening prevention systems in the face of new patterns of consumption and new phenomena such as synthetic drugs.

5. Defence of a common policy on drugs within the European Union.

6. Development of regional cooperation and cooperation mechanisms with Latin America and the Mediterranean basin, priority areas in Spain's external action on drugs.

7. Increase of training, information and collaboration systems in the fight against drug trafficking and organized crime related to such trafficking, and other related crimes.

8. Strengthening international cooperation in the fight against money laundering.

9. Improvement of the exchange of information against illicit trade in precursors.

Objectives:

The objectives are grouped in five major sections: Coordination, Financing, Multilateral Relations, Bilateral Relations and Evaluation.

I) Coordination:

1. To lead the definition of the political criteria and decision-making in the field of drugs in the external field through coordination mechanisms and in close relationship with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

1. In 2003, an international drug coordination structure will have been established in the National Plan on Drugs, which will design, plan and coordinate the political criteria and decisions on drugs in the international arena.

2. In 2003, a permanent communication mechanism between the various management centres for the establishment of policy criteria for action in the field of drugs abroad will have been developed within the National Plan on Drugs.

3. In 2003, the National Plan on Drugs will be coordinating the participation of the Spanish delegations in the multilateral forums related to the fight against drugs, without prejudice to the powers of the Ministries of Foreign and Economic and Finance.

4. In 2003, a system for the permanent collection of information from the various management centres will have been established on their activities directly or indirectly related to the fight against drugs abroad.

2. Encourage greater involvement of services abroad in the monitoring of drug-related issues in both the multilateral and bilateral spheres.

1. In 2003, a unit will have been established in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to monitor the work on drugs at international level.

2. In 2003, a permanent drug communications network will have been established in the National Drug Plan through the accredited staff of the Spanish Embassies.

II) Financing:

3. Develop the financial capabilities of international cooperation in the field of drugs.

In 2003, there will be a budget concept of at least 1 per 100 of the total budget of the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs dedicated to international cooperation in the National Drug Plan. in the field of drugs.

4. To coordinate the financial activities devoted to international cooperation in the field of drugs carried out by the management centers of the various public administrations.

1. In 2003, a database will have been established with all the information on the international cooperation projects in the field of drugs developed by the General, Autonomous and Local Authorities, non-governmental organizations. government and other public and private entities.

2. In 2003, a mechanism for monitoring the financing lines for international cooperation projects in the field of drugs developed by both the multilateral organizations (the European Union, the United Nations and the United Nations) will have been established. different management centres of the Spanish public administrations.

3. In 2003, a Commission will have been set up by representatives of the Ministries of Economy and Finance, Foreign Affairs and the National Drug Plan to coordinate and plan international cooperation projects on drugs in Europe. Ibero-America relative to alternative development.

III) Multilateral relations:

5. To encourage the setting up of a common policy on drugs in the European Union.

1. In 2003, Spain will have proposed in the context of the European Union an Action Plan on drugs for Morocco.

2. In 2003, Spain will have encouraged the implementation of the Global Plan of Action on Drugs under the Coordination and Cooperation Mechanism between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean.

3. In 2003, Spain will promote a new European system for the prevention of new synthetic drugs based on the identification of generic families.

4. It will be actively involved in the implementation of the European Union Action Plan on Drugs (1999-2004).

5. In 2003, the results on drugs of the Spanish Presidency of the Council of the European Union, scheduled for 2002, will be evaluated.

6. To develop the active presence of Spain in the context of the United Nations.

In 2003, and subsequently in 2008, Spain will positively overcome the evaluations provided for in the Political Declaration of the Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly, held in New York on 8 to 6 December. June 10, 1998.

7. Strengthen relations with the Council of Europe.

In 2003, the participation of Spain in the projects of epidemiological research and training of experts in prevention sponsored by the Pompidou Group of the Council of Europe will have increased.

8. Promote relations with Latin America through the Ibero-American Commission for Drug Abuse Control of the Organization of American States (CICAD).

1. In 2003, the National Drug Commissions in Central America will have been consolidated after the joint Spanish-CICAD project for institutional strengthening of these organs.

2. In 2003, Spain will be collaborating with CICAD on material and technical assistance in the development of the Multilateral Evaluation Mechanism.

9. Strengthen the participation of Spain in the International Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF).

1. During the Spanish Presidency of round XII of the FATF (June 2000 to June 2001), the definitive entry into the organization of several Latin American countries such as Mexico, Argentina and Brazil will be supported and the adoption of effective anti-money laundering policies around the world, especially in those countries with which Spain maintains a higher degree of economic ties.

2. As a member of the GAFI Steering Committee, Spain will have an impact on the incorporation of the discussions and the Agendas of the Plenarians on the issues related to the Ibero-American countries and will propose to increase the mechanisms of control of the tax havens.

3. Spain will promote the establishment of the Financial Action Group of South America (GAFIAS).

4. The integration of Spain into the Caribbean and Central American Financial Action Task Force (GAFIC) will be approved during the year 2000, as a cooperating member, enhancing the participation of the Central American countries in the region.

IV) Bilateral relations:

In the National Drug Strategy, five territorial areas are identified as a priority for the development of bilateral drug relations.

10. Strengthen bilateral relations with Portugal, France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Germany.

In 2003, annual bilateral drug meetings will be held with Portugal, France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Germany in compliance with existing bilateral cooperation agreements.

11. Strengthen the relations of collaboration and cooperation with the Ibero-American and Caribbean countries.

1. In 2003, all the Joint Committees resulting from the bilateral cooperation agreements on drugs signed by Spain will have been set up.

2. In 2003, permanent channels for collaboration, research and assistance with the countries of the Andean Group will have been established.

4. Bilateral drug cooperation agreements with the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Paraguay will have been signed in 2003.

5. In 2003, Spain will have consolidated the relations of cooperation in the field of drugs with the Caribbean countries.

12. Strengthen bilateral relations in the field of drugs with the Kingdom of Morocco.

1. In 2003, a Plan Director of Hispanic-Marroqui Collaboration will have been structured to combat drugs.

2. In 2003, a permanent channel of a bilateral nature will have been established for technical assistance, the provision of material, technology transfer and the training of professionals both in the field of demand reduction and in the control of the supply of drugs.

3. In 2003, two permanent points for the exchange of information on drugs in Spain and Morocco will be established.

13. Develop bilateral relations with the United States.

1. In 2003, relations with the United States will have developed in the area of demand reduction and specifically in the areas of prevention, evaluation and research, especially with the National Institute of Drogue Abuse (NIDA).

2. In 2003, bilateral communication mechanisms on drugs for the exchange of information and technology transfer in relation to the fight against drugs and money laundering (use of digital networks) will have been enhanced. Internet use and satellite information).

3. In 2003, a new bilateral cooperation agreement on drugs will have been signed, covering the fields of reduction of demand and control of the supply of drugs.

14. To strengthen the relations of cooperation with the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (PECOS) and Turkey.

1. In 2003, Spain will be actively involved in the implementation of the European Union's PHARE drug projects.

2. In 2003, cooperation in the field of drugs with Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic, as well as with Bulgaria and Romania, will have been developed.

3. In 2003, the mechanism for cooperation and permanent operational communication between Turkey and Spain on drug trafficking and money laundering will have been developed.

V) Evaluation:

15. To evaluate all the activities envisaged in the field of the international cooperation of the National Plan on Drugs.

1. A report of results achieved in the period 1999-2003 in the field of international cooperation of the National Plan on Drugs will be produced in 2003.

2. A comparative assessment report on the degree of compliance with the objectives set out in the National Drug Strategy will be produced in 2003.

3. An assessment report on the degree of compliance with the objectives set out in the National Drug Strategy will be carried out each year.

5. Regulatory scope

Within the regulatory framework, attention will be paid not only to the development of legal norms directly related to the trafficking and consumption of illegal drugs, but also to those commercial and economic activities that are taken advantage of by criminal organisations. Such is the case for new communication technologies (digital telephony, Internet etc.), which are being used by organisations to ensure the success of their illegal activities. In the same way, regulatory attention will be given to the control of the promotion and supply of legal trade drugs, such as alcohol and tobacco, and preventive and care measures.

1. To promote the drafting and promulgation of State and Autonomic norms on drugs and drug-dependencies aimed at the organization, coordination and improvement of preventive and care measures.

(a) In 2003, all the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have to have a standard in which the set of actions directed to the prevention of drug dependency, as well as to the assistance and social integration of drug addicts. This rule shall include, inter alia, the following operational objectives:

1. Ordination of limitations to the advertising and promotion of alcoholic beverages and tobacco. This autonomy must be based on a basic State rule.

2. Ordination of limitations on the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages and tobacco.

3. The establishment of criteria for the coordination of public and private entities and institutions operating in the field of drug dependence.

4. Unification of age and graduation criteria for the consumption of alcoholic beverages and their advertising.

2. To regulate and encourage the participation of the municipalities and other local authorities in the institutional response to the drug dependency.

a) In 2003, 50 per 100 of all Spanish Municipalities of more than 20,000 inhabitants will have a Municipal Plan on Drugs, developed in coordination and in accordance with the criteria and guidelines of the Autonomous Plan of Drugs in the territory of which the municipalities are located.

b) In 2008, the percentage of Municipalities to which the previous objective refers will be 100 per 100.

In 2003, 100 per 100 of the municipalities of more than 20,000 inhabitants will have Municipal Ordinance on the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages and tobacco, in the context of the autonomous and state legislation.

3. Maintain a legislative production that guarantees the appropriate institutional response to the new modalities of illegal drug trafficking.

4. Establish the appropriate channels and means for the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs to advise the Legislative Branch in the production of rules that directly or indirectly affect the fight against illegal consumption and trafficking drugs.

5. Strengthen and facilitate investigations of the Judicial Police units by developing a regulatory framework that empowers these units to access information in the institutions and agencies of the State, establishing an administrative mechanism for the control of the data provided to the Police Corps.

6. Develop a legislative framework to control aircraft, private vehicles and sport and high-speed craft, as well as any other means of transport that can be used for illegal drug trafficking; establishing the appropriate administrative and penal mechanisms for control and sanction.

7. Establish a follow-up plan for the case law and the doctrine on drug trafficking, money laundering and organized crime.

This plan will be animated by two goals:

a) Improve the capacity of the Police Corps to adapt to the legal requirements.

b) Propose the legislative reforms necessary to adapt the regulations applicable to the new requirements produced by a changing social reality.

Special attention will be given to police actions that affect the fundamental rights of suspects, in order to ensure that they are implemented in accordance with the legal reasons that justify them and the procedures which ensure their procedural effectiveness.

8. To deepen the legislation on the control of precursors, strengthening administrative control measures, and the establishment of a network of police links to control the manufacture of such substances and their destination.

9. To promote legislative actions leading to an improvement in the current regulation of certain procedural and criminal concepts, in particular as regards:

a) Development of the Indian test.

b) Review of the penalty for trafficking of illegal drugs that do not cause serious harm to health, in relation to the volume of substance with which it is trafficked.

c) Entries and records.

d) Secret of communications, in order to extend it to those means that the technique is renewing, and to adapt it to the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court.

e) To expand the figures of the repentant and protected witness to which in the countries of our environment is known as collaborators of justice.

(f) Auction of goods referred to in Article 374 of the Criminal Code, in the event that they may suffer significant deterioration or when their storage, maintenance and custody generates a higher cost of economic value which could be obtained if the current procedure is applied.

10. In accordance with Recommendation 17 of the Action Plan for the Fight against Organised Crime of the European Union, consider the possibility of incorporating into our criminal law the incrimination for mere participation in a criminal organisation, irrespective of the place of the Union in which the organisation is concentrated or where it carries out its criminal activity.

6. Research and training

Basic Take Action Criteria:

The Spanish State has, for many years, lacked adequate development of specific training and research activities in the field of drug addiction.

Indifference between the training of professionals and non-qualified personnel, the absence of criteria of homogeneity among the different administrations and the prioritization of theoretical and basic contents on the More specialized and more specialized have characterized the formative action in this field.

Training should be understood as a continuous process, in which three basic levels are distinguished:

1. Undergraduate training.

2. University graduate training, including doctoral studies.

3. Continuing training for drug and general services professionals, taking into account the priorities of social services, education, health, justice and home affairs.

In any case, training aimed at professionals should be a priority, obtaining a direct benefit on the systems of care and prevention of drug dependence.

On the other hand, access to scientific information and specialized documentation, despite the existence of some autonomous centers and the Government Delegation's own Documentation Center for the National Plan on Drugs, continues to be limited for many professionals. In this sense, the incorporation of new information technologies requires a thorough updating of the existing systems.

Similarly, the research applied to drug dependency requires greater support, in the sense of consolidating teams and stable research centers, prioritizing their actions within the different systems of existing funding.

As the coordinating body, the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs must ensure the suitability and adequacy of the content in the field of training to the priority needs of the Spanish State, favoring the a greater degree of direct applicability of the knowledge acquired to the care and prevention demands that the citizens of our country need.

As for the investigation, the Government Delegation for the National Drug Plan will act in two aspects, consolidating the drug investigation at the state level, on the one hand, and encouraging and encouraging the applied research on drug dependency in the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

Finally, the extent of the actions to be developed advises the creation of a coordinating mechanism for its implementation, which will allow the highest level of homogeneity to be reached between the different Autonomous Communities and Cities. of Ceuta and Melilla that constitute the Spanish State.

Preferred Take Action Areas:

On a regular basis, at least, biennial, the National Plan on Drugs, on the proposal of its members, should define the areas of priority action in the field of drug training and research.

This agreement will serve as a basis for further financing of the actions that are planned and developed within this area.

Objectives:

Ensuring the basic, specialized and continuing training of university students and professionals, as well as access to documentation and the creation and development of centers and applied research teams in the field of Drug dependency.

1. In 2003, the National Institute for Research and Training on Drugs, a collegiate body under the Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs, will have been set up with functions to boost and improve the quality of the programs in the country. (a)

2. In 2003, the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla will have developed a continuing training programme aimed at professionals in the resources of care and/or prevention of drug addiction, including content considered as a priority.

3. In 2003, universities will have been offered with studies in the social, legal, educational and health fields of training courses on care and prevention of drug dependency, incorporating as objectives the undergraduate training in this field. material.

4. In 2003, a regional network of documentation focal points will have been created, with the use of new information access technologies.

5. Propose the incorporation of drug research as a specific area within the FIS scholarship call and as a priority area of the annual publication of the Inter-Ministerial Commission on Science and Technology.

7. Functions and organs of the national drug strategy

In this section it is necessary to clarify that the National Strategy on Drugs is limited to the definition of the priority objectives in the framework of the distribution of functions and competences of the different actors involved. in the field of drug dependency.

Thus, it will point out the objectives of the different administrations and their levels of intervention, due to the competences of each of them. As stated above, the functions and competencies of public administrations are defined in the Constitution, the Statutes of Autonomy and the laws that develop them.

On the other hand, it includes the functions of NGOs and other social entities involved in drug dependency, defined in turn from a framework of consensus based on collaboration, coordination and effectiveness.

Functions of the different instances involved:

The reality of competition cannot be separated from the vertebrate of the State of the Autonomies where all the Administrations, institutions and entities maintain different competences, in many exclusive cases, in other delegates and in other subsones subsidiary.

In our country, all levels of administration, in one way or another, have competences in the field of drug dependency. Effectively articulating the optimal development of these forms is one of the fundamental objectives of this new national strategy.

A) General State Administration:

Without prejudice to the competencies that correspond to it in exclusivity, the General Administration of the State, in the field of the National Strategy on Drugs, will, among others, give the following functions:

1. With regard to the reduction of demand, the General Administration of the State, through its executive bodies, will direct its actions in the field of prevention, especially in the fields of research, coordination of training and evaluation.

2. With regard to the reduction of supply, the General Administration of the State will develop actions aimed at the repression of illicit drug trafficking and its links with money laundering and organized crime, as well as the regulatory regulation and control of precursors.

3. It will be the role of the General Administration of the State, within the framework of the National Strategy on Drugs, the International Cooperation structured around:

(a) International relations and active participation in international bodies, with particular attention to active participation in European coordination structures.

b) Action for reduction of police and judicial supply and cooperation.

c) Development cooperation, with special attention to intervention in Latin America. The necessary coordination shall be maintained with those Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla which have their administrative structures with coordination bodies in the field of development cooperation.

4. The General Administration of the State will have the task of coordinating the policies of intervention and harmonization of legislation of the different administrations involved, mainly the Autonomic.

B) Autonomic Management:

The governing and legislative bodies of the Autonomous Communities, without prejudice to other powers assigned to them by the legal system, in the field of drug dependence and within the National Drug Strategy, will have the responsibility of:

1. Design and elaboration of Autonomous Plans in the field of drug dependency with the corresponding legal support.

2. Planning, coordination and development, on the basis of their competences, of a public system of assistance to drug addicts, within the framework of the National Health System.

3. Coordination and, where appropriate, design, implementation and evaluation of prevention programmes in the area of the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

4. Implementation of mechanisms to promote the social integration of the drug-dependent, in particular in the areas of vocational training and employment aid.

5. Regulation of authorisation and accreditation of centres, services and programmes of training and prevention and assistance in the field of drug dependency.

6. Development and implementation of the inspector's office and the exercise of the power of sanction, as well as police cooperation, where it exists, with the rest of the State Security Forces.

7. Coordination, in the field of the Autonomous Communities and Cities of Ceuta and Melilla of the activities in the field of drug dependence with other administrations and social entities, promoting social participation.

C) Local administration:

In the framework of the National Plan on Drugs, it is up to the local administration, in addition to the other competencies that the legal system gives them, to develop the following functions:

1. The development of specific prevention policies in the field of drug dependence, mainly at Community level.

2. To seek the social integration of drug users on the basis of the development of vocational training and employment plans.

3. Preparation and implementation of measures to limit the supply and availability, mainly of legal drugs.

4. Implementation of the inspector's function and the sanctioning authority, as well as the cooperation of the local police.

5. Coordination of interventions in the field of drugs at local level.

D) Non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

In the framework of the National Drug Plan, NGOs must continue to play a decisive role that could be articulated as follows:

1. To be an element of cooperation with the public administration in the different areas of intervention: preventive, care and incorporation, avoiding in any case to constitute substitutes of that or to promote the maintenance artificial networks or parallel systems.

2. For their intervention, the NGOs involved in the field of drug dependence will have to obtain the necessary authorization or accreditation of the Administration.

3. The NGOs will be part of the citizens ' participation bodies in the National Drug Strategy, especially in their development and evaluation.

They will also have a presence in the advisory bodies of the administration in the field of drug dependency.

4. Finally, NGOs will be able to take the initiative to propose, promote and develop specific actions close to the community.

E) Other social entities:

Those other social entities (universities, foundations ...) which, in the field of their objectives and functions, have elements that, although not priorities, do have relevance for intervention in drug dependence, they will articulate these specific drug interventions in the framework of the Autonomous Plans and the National Drug Plan.

For their part, the social partners (employers and trade unions) are responsible for promoting and developing actions specifically designed to reduce the consequences of workers ' drug uses, essentially in the places of work.

Steering and coordination organs:

The National Drug Plan must have specific cooperation and coordination mechanisms that guarantee the effectiveness and efficiency of the actions envisaged. All of this is independent of those mechanisms that, in view of the state of the autonomy itself, exist or are determined.

For the coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the National Drug Plan, the following bodies are proposed to maintain and/or set up:

1. Interministerial Group: with the same configuration as the current one.

2. Unipersonal Body: Government Delegate for the National Plan on Drugs, in charge of management and coordination of drug policies.

3. Sectoral Conference: with the same functions and composition as the current one.

4. Inter-regional commission: with the same functions and composition as the current one.

5. Autonomous Commissioners: those responsible for the respective Autonomous Governments in relation to intervention in the field of drug dependence must have the status that allows them to coordinate political and administrative interventions by the different departments of the Administration, as well as by other institutions involved, so the rank of Director-General is proposed.

6. Monitoring Body: Standing Committee on the Monitoring of the National Plan on Drugs. It is a permanent organ dependent on the Sectoral Conference that meets more frequently and agility than this one. It shall be chosen by co-opting among the members.

7. Legislative control body: Joint Committee for the Study of Drugs or Commission to replace it.

8. Advisory bodies: Spanish Observatory on Drugs.

9. Other:

(a) Superior Council of the Fight against Drug Trafficking and the Blanking of Capitals.

b) Advisory Council for the Fight against Drug Trafficking and the Blanking of Capitals.

8. Assessment and information systems

The strategy must define and collect the mechanisms and instruments that allow us to know and study progress and progress in achieving the objectives that have been set.

A system of assessment shall be designed to allow for the early detection of deviations and to generate corrective actions to ensure the final effectiveness of the strategy itself and to enable it to meet new needs or different intervention scenarios that can emerge.

Information Systems:

The establishment of the Spanish Observatory on Drugs implies the existence of an organism, whose main functions are the collection, in a systematic and continuous way, of all the relevant information that on the The situation of drugs and drug dependency in Spain is generated, both from internal and external sources in the country.

In order to be able to fulfil this role, the Observatory has provided a series of information systems, including regular surveys aimed at different sectors of the population, analysis of the data provided by several epidemiological indicators, information from public and private bodies on various aspects concerning drug use and trafficking, as well as studies and research conducted from the governing bodies themselves of the Centre.

In addition, a number of bodies have been set up within the Observatory, including the Advisory Council and the Scientific Committee.

Objectives:

1. To improve the organizational structure of the Spanish Observatory itself, developing its governing and advisory bodies and incorporating those individuals and institutions with relevance in this field:

(a) Consolidate the National Survey System (aimed at the General Population and the School Population), permanently improving its methodological aspects and its comparability and, where appropriate, broadening the topics discussed in the Respective questionnaires.

b) Use the official variables and classifications in the design of the new questionnaires and in the modification of the existing ones in order to establish relations with the information of social character obtained from other surveys the population.

c) Completing the system of available information sources, which is basically quantitative, with the total implementation and consolidation of the Rapid Information Probe subsystem, the purpose of which is the contribution of information of a qualitative nature in an agile way, so that it is possible to react in time and form to changes that may occur in the field of drug use.

d) To deepen coordination with the Observatories existing in the various Autonomous Drug Plans and with those that may be set up in the future, as well as with the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, with headquarters in Lisbon.

2. In 2003, all of the Autonomous Plans will have launched Autonomous Observatories on Drugs.

9. Funding

The development of the National Plan on Drugs will involve the assessment of the financing mechanisms that guarantee the maintenance of the programs and activities currently developed.

Regardless of the above mentioned, in the future budgetary framework the financing that both the General Administration of the State and the Autonomous Administrations make of the policies on drug dependency tend to meet the objectives and activities proposed in this document.

The financing of the strategy may require a possible budgetary reallocation in order to meet the objectives and new approaches that will ultimately be determined and always based on the available resources. budgets to be approved for each financial year.