Regulations concerning the use of animals in testing
Date FOR 2015-06-18-761
Ministry of Agriculture and Food
Published In 2015 booklet 7
Commencement 01/07/2015
Edited
Changes
FOR-1996-01-15-23, FOR-2010-07-08-1085
For
Norway
Legal
LOV-2009-06-19-97-section 6, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§7, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§8, LAW-2009-06-19- 97 § 9, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§10, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§12 LOV-2009-06-19-97-§13, LAW-2009-06- 19-97-L-19, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§23, LOV-2009-06-19-97-Section 24, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§25, LAW-2009- 06-19-97-§27, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§30, LOV-2009-06-19-97-§38, TO-2010-06-11-814, LAW-2001-06 -15 to 75-§18, LAW-2003-12-19-124-§19
Promulgated
30.06.2015 kl. 16.00
Short Title
Regulations concerning the use of animals in testing
Chapter Overview:
Chapter I. Introductory provisions (§§ 1-4)
Chapter II. Request for approval (§§ 5-8)
Chapter III. Requirements for experiments (§§ 9-18)
Chapter IV. Claims for which animals can be used in experiments (§§ 19-23)
Chapter V. Requirements for personnel, expertise and organization (§§ 24-28)
Chapter VI. Requirements for keeping animals (§§ 29-36)
Chapter VII. Final provisions (§§ 37-41)
Appendix A. Factors that information shall be given on the application, see. § 7 subsection
Appendix B. Classification of attempts by the expected load degree, cf. § 7 first paragraph
Appendix C. Permissible killing methods, cf. § 16 subsection
Appendix D. Animal species to be bred for experiments, cf. § 22 first paragraph
Appendix E. Education and practice, cf. § 24, second paragraph
Appendix F. Keep animals, cf. § 29 subsection and § 30, last paragraph
Adopted of Agriculture and Food and Industry Ministry of Fisheries on 18 June 2015, pursuant to the Act of 19 June 2009 No.. 97 Animal Welfare § 6, § 7, § 8, § 9, § 10, § 12 , § 13, § 19, § 23, § 24, § 25, § 27, § 30 and § 38; see. delegated decision of 11 June 2010 No.. 814, law 15 June 2001. 75 of veterinarians and other animal health § 18 and law 19 December 2003 no. 124 of food production and food safety. (Food Act) § 19.
Chapter I. Introductory provisions
§ 1. Purpose The Regulations are intended to limit the use of animals for scientific and educational purposes, promote good welfare and respect for animals used for such purposes, and help ensure that animals are not subjected to unnecessary strain.
§ 2. Substantive and personnel to These regulations apply when animals
A)
is used or intended to be used in experiments or
B)
are bred specifically for their organs or tissues may be used for scientific purposes.
Regulations apply living vertebrates, decapods and squid. This includes early development stages of these animals if the senses are on a similar level as in mature animals, including embryos of mammals in the last third of normal development and larvae of vertebrates that nourish themselves. In addition, these regulations apply when animals at even earlier stages of development being used in experiments and can live on and are likely to experience pain, fear, permanent injury or other load after reaching developmental stages as mentioned in the second sentence.
Regulations apply even if used sedative, anesthetic or painkillers, or other methods so that the animal not be pain, fear, permanent injury or other loads.
Regulations apply until animals mentioned in the first paragraph is killed, rehomed or returned to a husbandry.
Regulation does not
A)
non-experimental agricultural and aquacultural activities
B)
non-experimental clinical veterinary
C)
clinical trials of medicines for animals when this is necessary to obtain or retain authorization
D)
procedures relating to general breeding and keeping of animals
E)
simple marking of animals
F)
actions that there is no reason to believe will inflict animal pain, fear, permanent injury or other load equivalent or greater than by inserting a needle for good veterinary practice.
The requirements of the regulation is aimed at farmers, processors and users.
§ 3. Geographical extent These regulations apply on Norwegian territory, in Norwegian territorial waters in the Norwegian economic zone, on Norwegian vessels and aircraft, on installations on the Norwegian continental shelf, and on Svalbard, Jan Mayen and the dependencies. The regulations also apply activity as personnel from Norwegian vessels perform in close proximity to the vessel when it is in international or foreign waters.
§ 4. Definitions
a)
Attempt: any use of animals for scientific or educational purposes, and in medical activities, which may cause the animal pain, fear, permanent injury or other load equivalent or greater than by inserting a needle for good veterinary practice. The term also includes actions that aim, or may cause the animals are born or hatched with loads as mentioned in the first sentence. In addition, the concept of the establishment and maintenance of genetically modified animal strains with such loads. An attempt may also be a work program which has a defined scientific purposes and which comprises one or more attempts. When animals are bred or kept specifically for their organs or tissues may be used for scientific purposes, are not considered killing of animals for such use as attempts.
B)
Field experiments: experiments outside approved premises
C)
Premises: construction, building, group of buildings or other localities, including places that are not fully enclosed or covered and mobile facilities. Furnishings and equipment are considered as parts of the premises.
D)
Breeder: natural or legal person who breeder animals listed in Annex D with the aim that they will be used in testing, or that their organs or tissues to be used for scientific purposes, or breeding other animals primarily for such purposes || |
E)
Conveys: natural or legal person, apart from the breeder, who conveys animals with a view to the use of animals in experiments or their organs or tissues for scientific purposes
F)
User: natural or legal person using animals in testing
G)
Endangered species, animal species that are categorized as critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable in the Norwegian Red List of species or listed in Annex A to Regulation (EC) No. 338/97.
Chapter II. Request for approval
§ 5. Approval of farmers, processors, users and premises Breeders, intermediaries and users, and the premises they use, must be approved by the FSA. Approval may be granted only if the requirements of this regulation are met. Approval may be given for a limited duration.
The premises and operation may not change significantly without new approval if the change may impair animal welfare.
Farmer, processor, or user to the application specify the species to be used and specify who
A)
has the closest the responsibility for ensuring compliance with these regulations
B)
shall have special oversight by § 25
C)
named veterinary surgeon.
If new people take over the tasks mentioned in letters a-c, shall be notified to the FSA.
If there are deviations from the regulation or approval, the approval may be withdrawn or suspended. The breeder, processor, or user shall ensure that animal welfare is not impaired as a result of withdrawal or suspension.
§ 6. Approval of attempts Animals can be used in experiments only if the FSA has approved the experiment. The requirement for approval does not attempt to include only those killing of animals to use organs or tissues from them.
If the methods have not been used before or it is uncertain how many animals will be used, shall be carried out pilot projects.
Approval shall be granted for a limited duration not exceeding four years. Field trials may not be approved for more than two years.
Attempts can not change without new approval if the change may impair animal welfare.
A single authorization may cover several similar types of experiments that are implemented by the same user. This applies only if the tests must meet mandatory requirements or include the use of animals for production or diagnostic purposes by established methods.
FSA may allow other than veterinarians and fish health biologists initiate general or local anesthesia of animals, under the assumption that these individuals have completed relevant training. This shall be stated in the approval. This applies not drug immobilization of wildlife.
FSA may revoke or suspend approval if the attempt is not completed in accordance with the regulation or approval. The user shall ensure that the withdrawal or suspension does not impair animal welfare.
§ 7. Application for approval of trials Application for approval of effort or change of attempts shall be made by the user or the attempt responsible, and shall contain a description of the experiment and an attempt summaries. The application shall further contain the necessary information as specified in Annexes A and B.
In addition, the application must contain information about
A)
user
B)
the person or persons responsible for the attempt
C)
premises or other place where the trial will be conducted.
§ 8. Experiments Summary Attempts summary should be readily understandable to the public and shall describe
A)
That procedure
B)
anticipated adverse effects on animals
C)
expected scientific or societal usefulness
D)
how many and what kind of animals to be used
E)
how claims for compensation, reduction and improvement should be followed.
Attempts summary shall be anonymous and do not contain names and addresses of the user or persons involved. Attempts abstract should not contain information which is confidential under the Public Administration.
Chapter III. Requirements for experiments
§ 9. Replacement, reduction and improvement Live animals shall not be used for research if the purpose can be achieved by replacing such use of alternative methods or testing strategies.
It should not be used more animals in an effort than is required to achieve the purpose of the experiment.
Experimental procedures to be constantly improved to avoid, prevent, remove or minimize any possible pain, fear, permanent damage or other stress to the animals. The requirement for improvement also applies to breeding, keeping and care of animals.
§ 10. Purpose of experiment Animals can only be used in procedures for the following purposes:
A)
basic
B)
applied research to
1.
Avoid, prevent, diagnose or treat disease, poor health or other abnormalities, or their effects, in humans, animals or plants
2.
Assess, diagnose, adjust or modify physiological conditions in humans, animals or plants or
3.
Improve the welfare of animals, including the production conditions for production animals
C)
development, manufacture or quality, efficacy and safety testing of drugs, foodstuffs, feed or other substances or products, if the purpose is covered by letter b
D)
research for protection of the environment for health or welfare of human beings or animals
E)
research to conserve species
F)
vocational training or higher education for the purpose of acquisition, maintenance or improvement of professional qualifications or
G)
forensic investigations.
§ 11. Methods, test strategies and endpoints Live animals shall not be used for research if it is required or permitted by other regulations to use another method or testing strategy to achieve the objective.
Experimental procedures and test strategies should involve
A)
use of as few animals as possible
B)
use of animals with minimal ability to experience pain, fear and other stress, and to achieve a lasting damage
C)
that animals applied least possible pain, fear, permanent injury and other stress and
D)
maximum probability of reliable results.
Death shall as far as possible not be the end point of the trial. It must instead be used early and human endpoints. If death is inevitable that endpoint shall attempt be designed such that
A)
as few animals as possible door
B)
duration and intensity of the load is minimized and
C)
a painless death ensured as far as possible.
§ 12. Localization experiment must take place in approved premises by an authorized user. FSA may grant exemptions from the requirement if it is scientifically justified that the test is performed as field trials.
§ 13. Absolute ban on certain attempts Attempts that inflicts animal severe pain, fear or other loads that are expected to be long lasting and can not be alleviated, is prohibited.
It is forbidden to use animals in experiments with cosmetics by the Regulations of 8 April 2013 No.. 391 concerning cosmetics and body care products.
§ 14. Anesthesia and Pain Treatment Experiments that cause animals great damage that can cause severe pain shall be carried out under general or local anesthesia. If it is inappropriate, should also animals applied less strain are anesthetized. In assessing whether anesthesia is inappropriate, regard shall be had to whether
A)
anesthetic will inflict the animal a greater burden than the actual experiment and
B)
anesthesia is incompatible with that procedure.
If necessary, use analgesics or other appropriate methods to ensure that animal pain, fear and other stress minimized. If unforeseen severe pain can not be alleviated, the animal must be killed immediately.
The animal should not be given drugs that partially or completely prevents them from expressing pain without concomitant suitable anesthetic or other pain management. It shall be submitted scientific documentation with details of the anesthetic or pain treatment.
Animals that can become painful when anesthetic has ceased to be treated with preventative and post-operative analgesics or other appropriate pain treatment. This does not apply if it can be scientifically justified that pain management is incompatible with that procedure.
As soon as the purpose of the experiment is achieved, it should be implemented to eliminate or minimize stress to the animal.
Blood sampling from the heart and injections into the heart shall be carried out under general anesthesia. In such cases, the animal must be kept totally anaesthetized until it is euthanized, unless the FSA in the approval of the trial has given specific permission for the animal to be revived from the anesthesia.
§ 15. conclusion of the test A test shall be considered terminated when it should not be done more observations in connection with the trial. For new genetically modified animal strains should attempt regarded as concluded when the progeny are no longer showing signs or expected to experience pain, fear, permanent injury or other loads across the border as defined in § 4 letter a.
On completion of an attempt, a veterinarian, surgeon or other competent person determine whether the animal can live on. Animals that are expected to have moderate or severe pain, fear, permanent injury or other loads after the trial has ended, must be killed.
Animals will live on, shall receive the necessary care and accommodation out of the animal's health.
§ 16. Euthanasia Euthanasia and handling in connection with the killing should not cause the animal unnecessary pain, fear or other stress, and shall take place in animals' welfare.
Animals covered by Annex C, to be euthanized with methods described in the Annex.
FSA may grant exemptions from the requirements for methods of euthanasia and allow another method on the basis of scientific evidence considered at least as gentle. Exceptions can also be made if it is scientifically justified that that procedure can not be achieved using the regulations stipulated method.
Euthanasia should happen in breeders, Processor's or user's premises. Field tests, animals can be killed outside approved premises. Euthanasia should be performed by a competent person. Exsanguination be conducted under total anesthesia. Killing under emergency circumstances shall as far as possible be in accordance with this section.
§ 17. Reuse of animals An animal that has already been used in one or more attempts, can not be used in a new attempt if it is possible to use another animal that has not been used previously.
This does not apply if
A)
the load level in the preceding trials were mild or moderate
B)
animal health and welfare is fully restored
C)
the new experiment is proposed to be classified as light bothersome, moderately bothersome or terminally and
D)
use is in accordance with advice from the veterinary surgeon based on an assessment of the total load in the animal's life.
In special cases, the FSA allow reuse of animals that has been used once in a significantly stressful trials. Permission may be granted only if the conditions in paragraph b, c and d are met, and the animal has been examined by the veterinary surgeon.
§ 18. Relocation and introducing animals Animals that have been used or have been intended for use in experiments, can be repositioned or returned to a suitable animal husbandry if
A)
according to veterinary surgeon justified by the animal health status
B)
been implemented appropriate measures to ensure animal welfare and
C)
no danger to public health and animal health.
Breeders, intermediaries and users who will relocate animals must draw up a plan that ensures the necessary socialization of the animals.
Chapter IV. Claims for which animals can be used in attempts
§ 19. Endangered Species Individuals of endangered species that are not born in captivity shall not be used in experiments. This does not apply if the experiment's purpose as described in § 10 letter b number 1, letter c or letter e, and it is scientifically justified that the purpose of the trial will not be achieved using other than endangered species.
This paragraph does not primates.
§ 20. Primates Primates should not be used in experiments.
Prohibition in subsection does not apply to experiments with the purposes stated in § 10 letters a or e., The prohibition does not attempt with the purposes stated in § 10 letter b number 1 or subparagraph c, and which are implemented to prevent, prevent, detect or treat debilitating or potentially life-threatening clinical conditions in humans.
It is only allowed to use primates in experiments if it is scientifically justified that the purpose of the experiment can not be obtained using other species. Using endangered primatarter must also be scientifically justified that the purpose of analysis can not be achieved using the species that is not threatened.
Basic research on individuals of endangered primatarter not born in captivity, is anyway not allowed.
Use of apes in experiments is anyway not allowed.
§ 21. Large wild animals in captivity (Tom)
§ 22. Animals should be bred attempt Animals listed in Annex D shall not be used in experiments unless they are bred for such use. Primates must also be offspring of animals that are bred in captivity or comes from self-sustaining colonies where animals are bred only within the colony or sourced from other colonies but not from the wild and kept in a manner that ensures that they are accustomed to humans.
If it is scientifically justified, may FSA grant exemptions from the requirements of subsection.
§ 23. Stray and feral animals of domesticated species Stray and feral animals of domesticated species shall not be used in experiments.
FSA may grant exemptions from the prohibition in the first paragraph if there is substantial need for examinations of these animals' health and welfare, or of serious threats to the environment, public health or animal health. Exceptions can only be made if it is scientifically justified that the test purposes only can be achieved by use of ownerless or stray animals of domesticated species.
Chapter V. Requirements for personnel, expertise and organization
§ 24. Personnel and competence Breeders, intermediaries and users should make sure to have sufficient personnel on site.
Breeders, intermediaries and users must ensure that people who work with animals have adequate education and experience in accordance with Annex E before they design experiments, perform experiments, take care of animals or kills animals. Breeders, intermediaries and users should also ensure that individuals maintain and document competence through continuous practice and education, and that people have the relevant scientific literature available.
People who are designing experiments must have received adequate training in the scientific discipline relevant to the work to be performed, and have specific knowledge of the relevant animal species' biology, including their physiological and behavioral needs.
People who perform experiments, take care of animals or kills an animal shall be supervised when they perform tasks until they have demonstrated that they have the necessary expertise.
Breeders, intermediaries and users should have written procedures to ensure that the requirements of this section are met.
§ 25. Personnel with special supervisory Each breeder, intermediary and user shall appoint one or more persons who shall
A)
control animal welfare and care of animals
B)
ensure that people who work with animals have access to relevant information on species
C)
ensure that people working with the animals meet the requirements for the necessary expertise.
§ 26. Animal welfare Unit Each breeder, intermediary and user must have their own animal welfare unit.
Animal welfare unit should at least consist of the person or persons who have special oversight by § 25. Animal welfare unit to receive input from the named veterinarian or fish health biologist.
Animal welfare unit in users must have at least one member with relevant scientific expertise.
Animal welfare unit should give people who work with animals,
A)
advice on animal welfare related to the acquisition, housing, care and use
B)
advice on compliance with the requirement of replacement, reduction and improvement
C)
information on technical and scientific developments in the replacement, reduction and improvement.
Animal Welfare Unit shall also
A)
prepare and revise internal operating procedures to monitor, report and follow up on the welfare of animals
B)
monitor developments and the results of experiments in terms of trials the effect on animals
C)
identify and advise on factors that contribute further to the replacement, reduction and improvement
D)
advise on plans for relocating, including appropriate socialization of the animals to be relocated, and the return of animals to § 18
FSA may allow small breeders, intermediaries and users perform tasks in subsections in other ways.
Breeders, intermediaries and users shall ensure that all advice given by the animal welfare unit, and all decisions made as a result thereof, be recorded and kept for at least three years. Records shall upon request be made available to the FSA.
§ 27. Named veterinary surgeon Each breeder, intermediary and user should have a named veterinary surgeon with special expertise in laboratory animal medicine. The veterinarian or fish health biologist will provide advice on animal welfare and treatment.
Fiskehelse Biologists can only have this feature where it only held aquatic animals, except sea mammals.
§ 28. Tests Responsible person or persons responsible for the experiment shall ensure that
A)
Cause any undue pain, fear, permanent damage or other load applied to animals during an attempt will be removed as soon as possible
B)
trials are conducted in accordance with the approval and any decision that the FSA has made
C)
mismatched with approval being addressed with appropriate measures
D)
deviation and action is recorded in the minutes.
Chapter VI. Requirements for keeping animals
§ 29. Living Environment and rearing animals must be kept in suitable living environment and given feed, water and care which are appropriate to their health and welfare. Animal opportunity to meet their physiological and behavioral needs shall be limited to a minimum.
Environmental conditions in which animals are kept or used shall be checked daily. The animals must have supervision and care as often as necessary and at least once daily. Measures will be implemented as soon as possible to correct the deficiencies and put an end to unnecessary pain, fear, permanent injury or other stress for the animals. Breeders, intermediaries and users must have the necessary personnel in readiness to fulfill the requirement to inflow and groom the animals and take action even outside normal working hours.
Further requirements for living environment and care, including date of entry into force of species-specific housing requirements, is given in Annex F.
If it is scientific, animal welfare or animal health reasons, the FSA grant exemptions from the requirements of the first paragraph and Annex F.
§ 30. Furnishings and equipment Farmers, intermediaries and users' premises should have fittings and equipment adapted animals and experiments.
Furnishing and equipment shall be designed and constructed and work so that the experiments can be carried out as efficiently as possible, and so that reliable results can be achieved using the fewest possible animals that applied the least possible pain, fear, permanent injury or other loads.
Further requirements for furnishing and equipment is given in Annex F.
§ 31. Animal Journal Breeders, intermediaries and users should keep records containing information about
A)
how many animals and species of animals that are bred, acquired, supplied, used, repositioned or reversed
B)
origin of animals, including whether they are bred to be used in experiments
C)
date when the animals were acquired, conveyed, killed, rehomed or returned
D)
whom the animals are acquired from
E)
name and address of the recipient of animals
F)
how many animals and the species of animals that have died or been killed
G)
known causes of death
H)
what kind of experimental animals have been used for.
The information in animal records should be kept for at least five years and on request be available to the FSA.
Shall be kept short for each cage or another stay unit with animals used in experiments. The card should indicate the name of the person responsible for the experiment, the arrival date of each animal, the date of the test and a running record of all procedures. Furthermore, state whether the animal has been used in previous experiments, indicating the start date of the first attempt.
§ 32. Journal for dogs, cats and primates Breeders, intermediaries and users shall keep records for each dog, cat and primate with necessary information about
A)
identity
B)
birthplace and date of birth, if known
C)
animal is bred and kept to be used in experiments
D)
primate descended from animals that are bred in captivity
E)
breeding-related, veterinary and social issues, including whether the animal's well-being and the behavior towards other animals and humans
F)
the experiments the animal has been used.
The animal must be accompanied by the individual records as long as it is kept for the purpose covered by this regulation. The record shall be established by, or as soon as possible after, the animal's birth.
The information referred to in the first paragraph shall be retained for at least three years after the animal is dead or relocated, and shall on request be available to the FSA. By relocating, relevant information on veterinary and social circumstances of the individual journal follow the animal.
§ 33. Marking of dogs, cats and primates Each dog, cat and primate shall have its permanent individual identification mark. The labeling must take place before weaning and in the least painful way.
Unmarked dog, cat or primate transferred from a breeder, conveys or user to another before weaning shall be accompanied by a document that specifically identifies the animal's mother. Recipient shall keep the document until the animal is marked.
Unmarked and weaned dog, cat or primate received by a breeder, conveys or uses shall be labeled permanently as soon as possible and in the least painful way.
If an animal is not marked, breeders, processors and users at the request of the FSA stating the reason.
§ 34. breeding plan for primates Breeders of primates should have a plan to increase the proportion of animals that are the offspring of primates that are bred in captivity.
§ 35. Documentation Breeders, intermediaries and users shall ensure that all relevant documentation, including experiments approvals and the outcome of the Food Safety Authority attempts Rating kept for at least three years from forsøksgodkjenningens expiration date. If FSA refuses an application for approval of experiments, documentation kept at least 3 years of procedural deadline date. Documentation shall be made available to the FSA.
Documentation for experiments that will be evaluated after they are completed, regardless retained for this evaluation is completed.
§ 36. Annual Authenticated Users shall by 1 March submit report on a special form to the FSA with statistical information about the use of animals in experiments in the preceding calendar year, including information on trials the actual load degree of animal origin and the species of primates used in attempts.
Chapter VII. Final provisions
§ 37. Inspection and decisions FSA supervises and may make the necessary decisions to implement this regulation.
§ 38. Exemption FSA may in special cases grant exemptions from this regulation if it does not conflict with Norway's obligations or EEA or other international agreements.
§ 39. Punishment Violation of the provisions of these regulations or decisions made pursuant to these regulations is punishable under the Animal Welfare Act § 37, animal health personnel § 37 and the Food Act § 28
§ 40. Transitional provisions § 5 first paragraph does not apply to farmers, processors and users while they are authorized under Regulations 15 January 1996 no. 23 on Animal.
§ 6 first paragraph does not apply to experiments that are approved before this Regulation enters into force and no longer than 1 January 2018.
Attempts approved before this Regulation enters into force and lasts longer than 1. January 2018, shall have a new approval by 1 January 2018.
§ 41. Entry into force This regulation comes into force on 1 July 2015 is repealed on 15 January 1996 no. 23 on Animal and regulation on 8 July 2010 No.. 1085 exceptions to the requirement for a permit using animals in teaching.
Space requirements as set out in the tables in Appendix F, except Table 8.5, shall enter into force on 1 January 2017.
§ 22 first paragraph, second sentence, shall enter into force on 10 November 2022 for the use of other primates than white ear marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
Appendix A. Factors that information shall be given on the application, see. § 7 subsection
In addition to a description of the experiment and an attempt abstracts an application for approval of effort or change of attempts contain the necessary information about
1.
Relevance and legitimacy of
A)
use of animals including their origin, estimated numbers, species and life stages
B)
attempts
2.
Use of methods to replace, reduce and improve the use of animals in experiments
3.
Planned use of anesthesia, analgesia and other forms of pain relief
4.
Measures to limit, prevent and alleviate any stress for the animals, from birth to death, when relevant
5.
Using human endpoints
6.
Experimental or observational strategy, statistical design to minimize the number of animals, pain, fear and other stress, where applicable
7.
Repeated use of animals and the overall effect of this on the animal
8.
The proposed classification of the attempts by the expected load degree, ref. Annex B
9.
Measures to avoid unnecessary repetition of experiments, where relevant
10.
The conditions under which animals are reared, kept and cared for under
11.
Killing methods
12.
Competence of the people who participate in the experiment.
Appendix B. Classification of attempts by the expected load degree, cf. § 7 subsection
Test to be classified by the degree of pain, fear, permanent damage or other loads to which the animal is expected to experience during experiment.
Part I. Classes
Terminal attempt
Attempts exclusively performed under general anesthesia, and the animal shall not recover consciousness shall be classified as "terminal".
Easy bothersome attempt
trials causing the animals are likely to experience short term mild pain, fear or other stress, should be classified as "light burden". The same applies to trials without any significant deterioration of the animals' well-being or general condition.
Moderate stressful trials
Trials causing the animals are likely to experience short-term moderate pain, fear or other stress, or prolonged mild pain, fear or other stress, should be classified as "moderately bothersome." The same applies to trials that are likely to cause moderate impairment of the animals' well-being or general condition.
Significant bothersome attempt
trials causing the animals are likely to experience severe pain, fear or other stress, or prolonged moderate pain, fear or other stress, should be classified as "significant burden". The same applies to trials that are likely to cause severe impairment of the animal's well-being or general condition.
Part II: Criteria for classification
The classification shall any intervention or manipulation of an animal within a defined effort taken into account. The classification should be based on the most distressing effects the individual animal is expected to experience after all relevant improvement techniques are applied. Type attempt and several other factors related to the trial should be considered. All factors should be considered in each case.
The following factors related to the test shall be considered:
-
Type manipulation or handling
-
Type of pain, fear or permanent damage or other stress caused by (all elements of) the experiment, and the load intensity, duration and frequency and the different techniques used
-
Cumulative impact throughout the experiment
-
Whether the animals are prevented from expressing natural behavior including restrictions in standard housing, maintenance and care of the animals.
In Part III given examples of attempts that are classified on the basis of factors related to the effort type. The examples should give the first indication of which class is best suited for a particular type of experiment.
For final classification after charging degree shall nevertheless following additional factors are considered in each case:
-
Species and genotype
-
Animal's development level, age and gender
-
Animal training and experience of the experiment
-
Repeated use of animals in testing, the actual load degree in previous attempts
-
Methods used to reduce or eliminate pain, fear and other loads, including the improvement of housing, maintenance and care
-
Humane endpoints.
Part III. examples
Examples of different types of tests which are classified on the basis of factors related to the type of experiment:
1.
Easy stressful trials:
A)
administering anesthetic, except for killing sole purpose
B)
pharmacokinetic studies in which a single dose of a substance and taken a limited number of blood samples (totaling <10% of circulating blood volume) and the substance is not expected to give any detectable adverse effect
C)
noninvasive imaging (eg. MRI) with appropriate treatment with sedative or anesthetic drugs
D)
superficial interventions, for example. Ear and halebiopsier, non-surgical subcutaneous implantation of mini pumps and transponders
E)
use of external telemetry devices that cause less impairment of the animals or minor interference with normal activity and behavior
F)
administration of drugs subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, intravenously via superficial blood vessels and through the probe, wherein the fabric has only a mild effect on the animal, and the volumes are within appropriate limits for animal size and species || |
G)
models with induction of tumors, or with spontaneous tumors, which does not cause any detectable clinical adverse effect (eg. Small subcutaneous, non-invasive nodules)
H)
breeding of genetically modified animals in which the effect on the phenotype expected to be mild
I)
feeding with modified diets that do not meet all the animal's nutritional needs and are expected to cause mild clinical abnormality within the study
J)
short-stay (<24 hours) in metabolismebur
K)
studies involving short-term social isolation and brief single stabling of adult rats and mice associated social strains
L)
models which expose animals to noxious stimuli which provides short-term mild pain, fear or other load and that the animals can easily avoid
M)
a combination or repetition of these examples can be classified as "light burden":
In.
Assessment of body composition by non-invasive methods with minimal incarceration
Ii.
Monitoring ECG with non-invasive methods with minimal or no restraint of habituated animals
Iii.
Use of external telemetry system which is not expected to have any impact on socially adapted animals and do not affect normal activity and behavior
Iv.
Breeding of genetically modified animals that are not expected to be clinically detectable adverse phenotype
V.
Adding inert markers in the diet to follow intestinal passage
We.
Withholding of feed for adult rats in <24 hours
N)
"open field testing", ie scientific experiments to study movement, investigative behavior and fear like behavior in laboratory animals (rat / mouse).
2.
Moderate stressful trials:
A)
frequent use of the test substances are moderate clinical effects, and withdrawal of blood samples (> 10% of circulating blood volume) in conscious animals in a few days without volume loss is replaced
B)
studies for determination of acute toxic doses, tests for chronic toxicity / carsinogenitet with non-lethal endpoints
C)
surgery under general anesthesia and appropriate analgesia associated with postoperative pain, another load or impairment of general condition. This includes, for example thoracotomy, craniotomies, laparotomy, orchidektomi, lymphadenectomy, thyroidectomy, orthopedic surgery with effective stabilization and wound management, organ transplantation with effective avstøtningsbehandling and surgical implantation of catheters, or biomedical devices (eg. Telemetry transmitters, mini pumps etc.) | ||
D)
models with induction of tumors, or with spontaneous tumors, that are expected to produce moderate pain or fear or moderate influence of normal behavior
E)
radiation or chemotherapy with sublethal dose, or with an otherwise lethal dose but reconstruction of the immune system. Adverse side effects are expected to be mild or moderate and short-lived (<5 days)
F)
breeding of genetically modified animals, that are expected to result in a moderate detrimental phenotype
G)
creation of genetically modified animals through surgery
H)
using metabolismebur which involves moderate movement restriction over a period of up to five days
I)
studies with modified diets that do not meet all the animal's nutritional needs and are expected to produce moderate clinical abnormality during the study
J)
withholding of feed for adult rats for 48 hours
K)
developer of escape and withdrawal reactions where the animal is unable to escape or avoid the impact, and that is expected to result in moderate fear.
3.
Significant stressful trials:
A)
toxicity testing with death as the endpoint or the deaths to be expected and it elicited severe pathophysiological states (eg. Akuttoksisitetstesting of a single dose (see OECD guidelines for testing))
B)
testing equipment that upon failure may cause severe pain, fear or death (eg. Heart ancillary equipment)
C)
testing of vaccine characterized by persistent impairment of the animal's condition, progressive disease leading to death, associated with long-lasting moderate pain, fear or other load
D)
radiation or chemotherapy with a lethal dose without rebuilding the immune system, or reconstruction with production of graft-versus-host reaction (GVDH = graft versus host disease)
E)
models with induction of tumors, or with spontaneous tumors, that are expected to provide progressive lethal disease associated with long-lasting moderate pain, fear or other loads (eg. Tumors causing emaciation, invasive bone tumors, tumors leading to metastatic spread, and tumors allowed to develop sores)
F)
any intervention on animals under general anesthesia which are expected to result in severe or persistent moderate postoperative pain, fear or other stress or severe and persistent impairment of the animal's general condition (eg. Induction of unstable fractures, thoracotomy without adequate analgesia and trauma to produce multiple organ failure)
G)
organ transplantation where organ rejection is likely to cause severe discomfort, another load or impairment of the animal's general condition (eg. Xenotransplantation)
H)
breeding of animals with genetic disorders that are expected to experience severe and persistent impairment of general condition (eg. Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy and models for chronic recurrent neuritis)
I)
using metabolismebur with significant motion restriction over a longer period
J)
electric shock as the animal can not escape (eg. To produce learned helplessness)
K)
complete isolation of social species over long periods (eg. Dogs and primates)
L)
immobiliseringsstress to induce ulcers or heart failure in rats
M)
forced swimming or other exercise with exhaustion as the endpoint.
Appendix C. Permissible killing methods, cf. § 16 subsection
1.
By killing of animals should be one of the methods listed in the table below are used.
Other methods than those listed in the table can only be used
A)
on unconscious animals, providing the animal does not regain consciousness before death occurs
B)
animals used in agricultural research, when the purpose of the experiment requiring that the animal is kept similarly farmed. These animals must be killed in accordance with Regulations 13 January 2013 No.. 60 about the killing of animals, including Annex I of Regulation 1099/2009 / EC on the protection of animals at slaughter time.
2.
It must be ensured that death has occurred at one of the following methods:
A)
ascertaining permanently ceased circulation
B)
destroying brain
C)
to dislocated neck
D)
make exsanguination
E)
stating that rigor mortis has set in.
3.
Table of permitted killing methods. Open fields, with or without notice, indicating that the method is allowed.
Terms referring to the table:
1.
Be used with prior sedation where appropriate
2.
Should only be used on large reptiles
3.
Should only be used with gradual replenishment. The method should not be used on fetuses and newborn rodents.
4.
Should only be used on birds under 1 kg. Birds over 250 g shall be sedated.
5.
Should only be used for rodents under 1 kg. Rodents over 150 g shall be sedated.
6.
Should only be used on rabbits under 1 kg. Rabbits over 150 g shall be sedated.
7.
Should only be used on birds under 5 kg
8.
Should only be used for rodents under 1 kg
9.
Should only be used on rabbits under 5 kg
10.
Should only be used on newborns
11.
Should only be used on birds under 250 g
12.
Should only be used if other methods are not possible
13.
Special equipment is required.
14.
Should only be used on pigs
15.
Should only be used by field trials of experienced shooters
16.
Shall only be used for field trials by experienced marksmen when other methods are not possible.
Appendix D. Animal species to be bred for experiments, cf. § 22 first paragraph
1.
Mouse (Mus musculus)
2.
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
3.
Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
4.
Gold hamster (Syrian hamster) (Mesocricetus auratus)
5.
Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus)
6.
Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)
7.
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
8.
Dog (Canis familiaris)
9.
Cat (Felis catus)
10.
All species of primates
11.
Frog (Xenopus (laevis, tropicalis), Rana (temporaria, pipiens))
12.
Zebrafish (Danio rerio).
Appendix E. Education and practice, cf. § 24 subsection
Education and practice program shall include at least
1.
This regulation
2.
Ethics related to the relationship between humans and animals, life's intrinsic value and arguments for and against the use of animals for scientific purposes
3.
Basic and relevant species-specific biology related to anatomy, physiology, genetics and genetic changes
4.
Animal behavior, animal husbandry and miljøberikning
5.
Species-specific management methods and attempts
6.
Animal health work and hygiene
7.
Recognition of species-specific fear, pain and other loads for the most common laboratory animals
8.
Anesthesia, analgesia and euthanasia
9.
Using human endpoints
10.
Claim for compensation, reduction and improvement
11.
Design of experiments, if applicable.
Appendix F. Keep animals, cf. § 29 subsection and § 30, last paragraph
Part A. General requirements
1. Physical construction
1.1
Functions and general design
A)
All equipment should be designed such that the animals get a live environment that takes into account the animal species physiological and behavioral needs. The systems should also be designed and operated so as to prevent access by unauthorized persons and animals coming into or out.
B)
Breeders, intermediaries and users must have active maintenance program to prevent and rectify errors by buildings or equipment.
1.2
Animal rooms
A)
Meeting rooms should be cleaned regularly and efficiently and have a satisfactory hygienic standard.
B)
Walls and floors should be surfacing materials that resist wear caused by the animals and the cleaning process. The materials shall not be harmful to the animals or be such that animals can hurt themselves. All equipment and fixtures should be protected so that it can not be damaged by the animals or causing harm to the animals.
C)
Animal species that are hostile toward each other, for example predator and prey, or animals that have different requirements for environmental conditions, shall not be in the same room. Predators and prey must be kept so that they can not see, smell or hear each other.
1.3
Premises of general and special purpose experiment
A)
Breeders, intermediaries and users should, if applicable, have access to laboratory equipment to perform simple diagnostic tests, autopsies and / or the collection of samples for more extensive laboratory investigations elsewhere. Premises of general and special purpose experiment should be available for use in situations where it is not desirable to carry out the experiments or observations in the animal rooms.
B)
There must be space available where newly acquired animals can be kept isolated to their state of health is determined and the potential health risk to established animals assessed and made as small as possible.
C)
There shall be suitable space for separate housing of sick and injured animals.
1.4
service room
A)
Storage shall be designed, operated and maintained so that the quality of feed and bedding and other material lying hedged. The rooms shall be protected against vermin and insect attack as far as possible. Other materials which may be contaminated or present a hazard to animals shall be stored separately.
B)
Cleaning and washing areas should be large enough to accommodate the installations necessary to decontaminate and clean the used equipment. The cleaning process shall be arranged so that the flow of clean and unclean equipment kept separate.
C)
Breeders, intermediaries and users must ensure hygienic storage and disposal of dead animals and animal waste.
D)
Where there is a need for surgical experiments under aseptic conditions, there shall be one or more rooms which are equipped for this, and appropriate facilities for post-operative recovery.
2. Environment and environmental management
2.1
Ventilation and temperature
A)
Insulation, heating and ventilation in the animal room must ensure that air circulation, dust content and gas concentrations are kept within limits which are not harmful to the animals.
B)
The temperature and the relative humidity in the animal rooms shall be adapted to the animal species and age. The temperature should be measured and recorded daily.
C)
Animals should not be relegated to outdoor areas under weather conditions that can cause strain.
2.2
lighting
A)
If natural light does not provide suitable light-dark cycle, use controlled lighting to meet the animals' biological needs.
B)
lighting shall be such that animals can be tended and inspected in a satisfactory manner.
C)
day length and light intensity to be adapted species.
D)
By keeping of albino light has adapted to these animals' sensitivity to light.
2.3
noise
A)
Noise levels including ultrasound, shall not adversely affect animal welfare.
B)
Alarm systems should have sound that is beyond the animals' sensitive hearing range, if this does not go beyond audibility to humans.
C)
Animal rooms should if necessary be provided with noise insulation and sound absorbing materials.
2.4
Systems
A)
Breeders, intermediaries and users who are dependent on electrical or mechanical equipment management and control of living environment should have a backup system that can maintain essential service functions and emergency and ensure that alarm systems are working at any given time.
B)
Heating and ventilation systems shall be equipped with monitoring devices and alarms.
C)
Well-organized instruction on emergency procedures shall be posted in a prominent place.
3. Care of animals
3.1
health
A)
Breeders, intermediaries and users should have a strategy to ensure good animal health safeguards animal welfare and meets scientific requirements. The strategy shall include regular health monitoring, a program of microbiological monitoring, management plans outbreaks and a description of the health parameters and procedures for the introduction of new animals.
B)
The animals must be inspected at least once daily by a competent person. The inspection shall ensure that all sick or injured animals are identified and that measures are appropriate measures.
3.2
Captive wild animals
(Empty)
3.3
Stabling and mineral processing
A)
Stabling
Animals that are not naturally solitary, should be kept in stable social groups of individuals that go well together. If the FSA has allowed individual housing, the duration must be limited to those absolutely necessary. The animals should always be able to see, hear, smell and touch. Introduction or re-introduction of animals to established groups shall be carefully monitored to avoid conflict and dissolved social relations.
B)
pit
All animals must have access to areas with sufficient complexity in order to exercise a wide range of normal behavior. To reduce stress-induced behavior, the animals must be given the opportunity to control and choose their environment. Breeders, intermediaries and users to adopt appropriate berikingsmetoder increasing the number of activities the animals have access to, and that gives them a greater ability to cope with their situation. Enrichment can be achieved by physical exercise, fødesøk and fine motor and cognitive activities suitable for nature. In dyreinnhegninger shall miljøberikingen adapted species and the animals' individual needs. Berikingsprogram be revised and updated regularly.
C)
Dyreinnhegninger
Dyreinnhegninger should be made of materials that are not harmful to the animals, and designed and constructed so that the animals are not injured. They should be made of even delicate dons or from materials that can withstand cleaning and disinfection. The surface of the enclosure shall be adapted to the animal species and age, and designed for easy removal of urine and feces.
3.4
feeding
A)
Feed shall have a content and provided in a form and in a manner that satisfy the animal's nutritional needs and eteatferd.
B)
feed must be palatable and keep good hygienic quality. When choosing the ingredients and method of preparation, formulation and allocation of feed must be provided for the least possible chemical, physical and microbiological contamination of feed.
C)
Packing, transport and storage shall be such that no contamination, deterioration or destruction of feed avoided. All fôrbeholdere, troughs and other equipment used for feeding shall be regularly cleaned and sterilized when needed.
D)
Each animal should have access to feed. Feeding area must be so large that competition is restricted.
3.5
irrigation
A)
animals must at all times have access to clean drinking water.
B)
Automatic drinking water systems must be inspected, maintained and flushed regularly. By using cages with solid bottom should be ensured that the risk of flooding is as small as possible.
C)
For aquatic animals shall water supply in aquariums and tubs be adapted to the needs and tolerance limits of the individual species.
3.6
Sleep and sleeping
A)
animals must at all times have access to the sleeping pad and sleeping adapted species. During the reproductive period the animals must have access to suitable nest material or nest.
B)
In dyreinnhegninger should all animals be a comfortable resting area with solid surface suitable for the species. All rest areas should be kept clean and dry.
3.7
handling
Breeders, intermediaries and users to implement familiarization and training programs that are adapted animals and attempt the duration.
Part B. Arts Specific requirements
1. Mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters and guinea pigs
With stays device height meant in this and subsequent tables for mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters and guinea pigs, the vertical distance between stays device floors and top, and to be present over more than 50% of the floor minimum size before berikingsobjekter inserted.
When planning attempt, any growth of the animals are taken into account to ensure that the animals are provided with sufficient space (as indicated in Tables 1.1 to 1.5) so long as the trial items.
Table 1.1
Mice
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit
(Cm)
In livestock and while trying
up to 20
from 20 to 25
from 25 to 30
over 30
330
330
330
330
60
70
80
100
12
12
12
12
Breeding
330
For a monogamous pair (utavl / inbreeding) or a trio (inbred). For each additional females with litters will be taken to 180 cm²
12
Crew breeders *
Stay Unit size 950 cm²
less than 20
950
40
12
Stays unit size 1500 cm²
less than 20
1500
30
12
Table 1.2
rats
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit
(Cm)
In livestock and while attempting *
Up to 200
from 200 to 300
from 300 to 400
from 400 to 600
over 600
800
800
800
800
1500
200
250
350
450
600
18
18
18
18
18
Breeding
800
Mother with coal.
For each additional adult animal that is inserted permanently into the living unit, will be taken to 400 cm²
18
Crew breeders **
Stay Unit size 1500 cm²
less than 50
from 50 to 100
from 100 to 150
from 150 to 200
1500
1500
1500
1500
100
125
150
175
18
18
18
18
Crew breeders **
Stay Unit size 2500 cm²
up to 100
from 100 to 150
from 150 to 200
2500
2500
2500
100
125
150
18
18
18
Table 1.3
Gerbils
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit
(Cm)
In livestock and while trying
up to 40
over 40
1200
1200
150
250
18
18
Breeding
1200
Mono Game pair or trio with offspring
18
Table 1.4
hamsters
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit
(Cm)
In livestock and while trying
up to 60
from 60 to 100
over 100
800
800
800
150
200
250
14
14
14
Breeding
800
Mother or monogamous pair with litter
14
In crew at breeders *
Less than 60
1500
100
14
Table 1.5
Guinea pigs
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit
(Cm)
In livestock and while trying
up to 200
from 200 to 300
from 300 to 450
from 450 to 700
over 700
1800
1800
1800
2500
2500
200
350
500
700
900
23
23
23
23
23
Breeding
2500
Pair with litter.
For each additional queens inserted, shall be 1000 cm²
23
2. rabbits
In connection with agriculture-related attempt whose purpose requires that the animals are kept in a similar manner as livestock, shall animal husbandry least satisfy the requirements contained in Regulation 3 July 2006 no. 885 on the welfare of production animals. This does not apply to the extent that FSA in the approval of the experiment has allowed deviations from livestock regulations.
Stay Unit shall be equipped with a raised area (shelf) that is higher than the surroundings. The highlighted area should be designed so that the animal can lie, sit and without difficulty move under it. The area shall not cover more than 40% of the floor area. If scientific or veterinary reasons can not use a raised area should stay unit be 33% larger for a single rabbit and 60% larger for two rabbits. If rabbits younger than 10 weeks are given access to a raised area shall be at least 55 cm x 25 cm wide, and the height above the floor should be so large that the animals should be able to exploit it.
Table 2.1
Rabbits older than 10 weeks
Table 2.1 should be used for both cages and pens. For each rabbit over two will be taken to a floor area of at least 3000 cm² even the sixth rabbit, and then at least 2500 cm² for each rabbit six.
Final body weight
(Kg)
Minimum floor area for one or two socially harmonious animals
(Cm²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Less than 3
from 3 to 5
over 5
3500
4200
5400
45
45
60
Table 2.2
Rabbit female with coal
The female body weight
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
Addition for nest boxes
(Cm²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Less than 3
from 3 to 5
over 5
3500
4200
5400
1000
1200
1400
45
45
60
Table 2.3
Rabbits younger than 10 weeks
Table 2.3 applies both cages and enclosures.
Age
minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
Minimum floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Weaning to 7 weeks
From 7 to 10 weeks
4000
4000
800
1200
40
40
Table 2.4
Rabbits: Optimum size of the raised area in the living unit size as indicated in Table 2.1
Age in weeks
Final body weight
(Kg)
Optimum size
(Cm x cm)
Optimum height from the floor in the living unit
(Cm)
Over 10
less than 3
from 3 to 5
over 5
55 x 25
55 x 30
60 x 35
25
25
30
3. cats
Cats should not be stabled individually for more than 24 hours at a time. Cats that are repeatedly aggressive towards other cats, can only housed individually if it is not possible to find a suitable partner. In all individuals who are housed in pairs or in groups, the social stress monitored at least weekly. Females with kittens that are younger than four weeks, and females in the last two weeks of gestation, may reared individually.
Table 3
cats
The minimum acreage for keeping of females with cubs are the same as for a single cat. The area will be increased gradually so that litter the latest at 4 months of age is stabled after acreage requirements for older animals.
Feeding Place and feces boxes shall not be less than 0.5 meters apart and shall not trade places with each other.
Floor *
(M²)
Shelves (M²)
Height
(M)
Minimum for one adult animal
1.5
0.5
2
For each animal as well
0.75
0.25
-
4. dogs
Animals should as far as possible have access to an outdoor run farms. Animals should not housed individually for more than 4 hours time.
Indoor stay entity shall constitute at least 50% of the minimum area that dogs given access to. See table 4.1.
Available area as indicated below are based on the needs of beagle dogs. Large breeds such as St. Bernard Dog or Irish Wolfhound should be given access to substantially larger areas than that specified in Table 4.1. For other races than beagle will land supply is determined in consultation with the animal health.
Table 4.1
dogs
Dogs that are kept in pairs or groups, can be held individually on half of the total area (2m² for a dog under 20 kg, 4m² for a dog over 20 kg) while they are in testing, if this separation is necessary for scientific causes. A dog shall not be restricted to that area for more than 4 hours time.
A lactating bitch with puppies will be same access as a single female with the same weight. Puppy unit shall be designed so that the bitch can move to another department or a raised area away from the puppies.
Weight
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum floor area for one or two animals
(M²)
Minimum addition for each additional animal
(M²)
Minimum height
(M)
Up to 20
over 20
4
8
4
8
2
4
2
2
Table 4.2
Dogs - await animals
Weight of dog
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum floor area / animal
(M²)
Minimum height
(M)
Up to 5
from 5 to 10
from 10 to 15
from 15 to 20
over 20
4
4
4
4
8
0.5
1.0
1.5
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
5. ferrets
Table 5
ferrets
Minimum stand in the living unit
(Cm²)
Minimum floor area per animal
(Cm²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Animals up to 600g
Animals over 600 g
Adult males
Females with litters
4500
4500
6000
5400
1500
3000
6000
5400
50
50
50
50
6. primates
Young primates shall not be separated from their mother until they are between 6 and 12 months old, depending on the species.
The environment should be planned so that primates can perform complex activity program daily. Primates to be kept in the living units that provide animals the opportunity to have such a broad behavioral spectrum as possible, sense of security and a sufficiently complex environment where the animal can run, walk, climb and jump.
Table 6.1
Marmosets and saguis
Minimum stand in the living unit for one * or two animals plus offspring up to 5 months of age
(M²)
Minimum volume per additional animal over 5 months
(M³)
Minimum height in the living unit
(M) **
Marmosets
0.5
0.2
1.5
Tamarin 1.5
0.2
1.5
Marmosets and saguis shall not be separated from their mother until they are eight months old.
Table 6.2
Squirrel Monkeys
Minimum floor area for one * or two animals
(M²)
Minimum volume per additional animal over 6 months
(M³)
Minimum height in the living unit
(M)
2.0 0.5 1.8
Squirrel Monkeys should not be separated from their mother until they are six months old.
Table 6.3
Macaques and offices loser *
Minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum volume in the living unit
(M³)
Minimum volume per animal
(M³)
Minimum height in the living unit
(M)
Animals younger than 3 years **
2.0 3.6 1.0
1.8
Animals from 3 years of age ***
2.0 3.6 1.8
1.8
Breeding ****
3.5 2.0
Macaques and offices loser should not be separated from their mother until they are eight months old.
Table 6.4
Baboons *
Minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum volume in the living unit
(M³)
Minimum volume per animal
(M³)
Minimum height in the living unit
(M)
Animals younger than 4 years **
4.0 7.2 3.0
1.8
Animals from 4 years of age **
7.0 12.6
6.0
1.8
Breeding ***
12.0 2.0
Baboon shall not be separated from their mother until they are eight months old.
7. livestock
In connection with agriculture-related attempt whose purpose requires that the animals are kept in a similar manner as livestock, shall animal husbandry least satisfy the requirements contained in Regulation 3 July 2006 no. 885 on the welfare of farmed animals, regulation 18 February 2003 No. . 175 on keeping swine, regulation 22 april 2004 no. 665 on the keeping of cattle, regulation 18 February 2005 no. 160 on the welfare of flocks, regulation of 2 June 2005 no. 505 on the welfare of the horse and regulations March 17 2011 No.. 296 on hold by fur. This does not apply to the extent that FSA in the approval of the experiment has allowed deviations from distance regulations.
Table 7.1
cattle
Body Weight
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum floor area per animal
(M² / animal)
Eteplass to ad libitum feeding of cattle avhornet
(M / animal)
Eteplass to restricted feeding of cattle avhornet
(M / animal)
Up to 100
from 100 to 200
from 200 to 400
from 400 to 600
from 600 to 800
over 800
2.50
4.25
6.00
9.00
11.00
16.00
2.30
3.40
4.80
7.50
8.75
10.00
0.10
0.15
0.18
0.21
0.24
0.30
0.30
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
1.00
Table 7.2
Sheep and goats
Body Weight
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum floor area per animal
(M² / animal)
Minimum height of partition
(M)
Eteplass to ad libitum feeding
(M / animal)
Eteplass to restricted feeding
(M / animal)
Less than 20
from 20 to 35
from 35 to 60
over 60
1.0
1.5
2.0
3.0
0.7
1.0
1.5
1.8
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.5
0.10
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.50
Table 7.3
Pigs and mini-pigs
Body Weight
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit *
(M²)
Minimum floor area per animal
(M² / animal)
Minimum lying space per animal (under thermo-neutral ratio)
(M² / animal)
Up to 5
from 5 to 10
from 10 to 20
from 20 to 30
from 30 to 50
from 50 to 70
from 70 to 100
from 100 to 150
over 150
adults (conventional)
boars
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
7.5
0.20
0.25
0.35
0.50
0.70
0.80
1.00
1.35
2.50
0.10
0.11
0.18
0.24
0.33
0.41
0.53
0.70
0.95
1.30
Table 7.4
horses
The shortest side should be at least 1.5 times the animal's withers in Height. The height of indoor stay units shall be so great that the animals may stall full height.
Ideal height
(M)
Minimum floor area per animal
(M² / animal)
Minimum height in the living unit
(M)
For each animal housed individually or in groups of up to 3 animals
For each animal held in groups of 4 animals or more
Foaling box / mare with foal
1.00 to 1.40
from 1.40 to 1.60
over 1.60
9.0
12.0
16.0
6.0
9.0
(2 x MH) 2 *
16
20
20
3.00
3.00
3.00
8. birds
In connection with agriculture-related attempt whose purpose requires that the animals are kept in a similar manner as livestock, shall animal husbandry least satisfy the requirements contained in Regulation 3 July 2006 no. 885 on the welfare of farmed animals, Regulations 12 December 2001 No. . 1494 on keeping chickens and turkeys, and regulations on 2 October 1998 no. 951 on the keeping of ratites. This does not apply to the extent that FSA in the approval of the experiment has allowed deviations from distance regulations.
Table 8.1
chicken
If scientific reasons not possible to comply with the minimum requirements to stay on its size, will attempt chairperson in consultation with veterinary staff justify the duration of animal husbandry in the limited area. In such cases, the birds are reared in less stay devices suitable miljøberiking and floor area of at least 0,75m².
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
minimum stand per bird
(M²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Minimum length of feed trough per bird
(Cm)
Up to 200
from 200 to 300
from 300 to 600
from 600 to 1200
from 1200 to 1800
from 1800 to 2400
over 2,400
1.00
1.00
1.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
0025
0.03
0.05
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.21
30
30
40
50
75
75
75
3
3
7
15
15
15
15
Table 8.2
Tamkalkun
All pages in the living unit shall be at least 1.5 m long. If the scientific reasons not possible to comply with the minimum requirements for oppholdsenehetens size shall attempt chairperson in consultation with veterinary staff justify the duration of animal husbandry in the limited area. In such cases, the birds are reared in less stay devices suitable miljøberiking. Floor area should then be at least 0,75m² and height at least 50 cm for birds below 0.6 kg, 75 cm for birds below 4 kg and 100 cm for birds over 4 kg. These can be used for the staging of smaller groups of birds in accordance with the space requirements in Table 8.2.
Body Weight
(Kg)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
minimum stand per bird
(M²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Minimum length of feed trough per bird
(Cm)
Up to 0.3
from 0.3 to 0.6
from 0.6 to 1
from 1 to 4
from 4 to 8
from 8 to 12
from 12 to 16
from 16 to 20
over 20
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
3.00
0.13
0.17
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.55
0.60
1.00
50
50
100
100
100
150
150
150
150
3
7
15
15
15
20
20
20
20
Table 8.3
quails
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
minimum stand per bird, pairs stabled
(M²)
minimum stand per bird as well, gruppeoppstallet bird
(M²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Minimum length of feed trough per bird
(Cm)
Up to 150
over 150
1.00
1.00
0.5
0.6
0.10
0.15
20
30
4
4
Table 8.4
Ducks and geese
If scientific reasons not possible to comply with the minimum requirements to stay on its size, will attempt chairperson in consultation with veterinary staff justify the duration of animal husbandry in the limited area. In such cases, the birds are reared in less stay devices suitable miljøberiking and floor area of at least 0,75m². These can be used for the staging of smaller groups of birds in accordance with the space requirements in Table 8.4.
Body Weight
(G)
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Area per bird
(M²) *
Minimum height
(Cm)
Minimum length of feed trough per bird
(Cm)
Ender
Up to 300
from 300 to 1200 **
from 1200 to 3500
over 3500
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
0.10
0.20
0.25
0.50
50
200
200
200
10
10
15
15
Geese
Up to 500
from 500 to 2000
2,000
2.00
2.00
2.00
0.20
0.33
0.50
200
200
200
10
15
15
Table 8.5
Ducks and geese: Minimum pond size *
Area
(M²)
Depth
(Cm)
Ender 0.5
30
Geese 0.5
from 10 to 30
Table 8.6
pigeons
Stays units shall be long and narrow (for example 2 mx 1 m) rather than square so that the birds can make short flyveturer.
Group size
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Minimum length of feed trough per bird
(Cm)
Minimum his stick length per bird
(Cm)
Up to 6
from 7 to 12
for each bird as well as over 12
2
3
0.15
200
200
5
5
5
30
30
30
Table 8.7
zebra finch
Stays units shall be long and narrow (for example 2 mx 1 m) so that the birds can make short flyveturer. In avlsstudier can pair reared in less stay units with suitable miljøberiking. Floor area should then be at least 0,5m² and height of 40 cm. Attempts manager shall, in consultation with veterinary staff justify the duration of animal husbandry in the limited area.
Group size
minimum stand in the living unit
(M²)
Minimum height
(Cm)
Minimum fôrskåler
Up to 6
7 to 12
13 to 20
for each bird as well as over 20
1.0
1.5
2.0
0.05
100
200
200
2
2
3
1 per 6 birds
9. Amphibians
Table 9.1
Aquatic salamanders
Body length *
(Cm)
Minimum water surface area
(Cm²)
Minimum water surface area per animal in addition to group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum water depth
(Cm)
Up to 10
from 10 to 15
from 15 to 20
from 20 to 30
over 30
262.5
525
875
1837.5
3150
50
110
200
440
800
13
13
15
15
20
Table 9.2
Aquatic frog *
Body length **
(Cm)
Minimum water surface area
(Cm²)
Minimum water surface area per animal in addition to group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum water depth
(Cm)
Less than 6
from 6 to 9
from 9 to 12
over 12
160
300
600
920
40
75
150
230
6
8
10
12.5
Table 9.3
Partly aquatic frog
Body length *
(Cm)
minimum stand in the living unit **
(Cm²)
minimum stand for each animal as well as in group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit ***
(Cm)
Minimum water depth
(Cm)
Up to 5.0
from 5.0 to 7.5
over 7.5
1500
3500
4000
200
500
700
20
30
30
10
10
15
Table 9.4
Country Living frog
Body length *
(Cm)
minimum stand in the living unit **
(Cm²)
minimum stand for each animal as well as in group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit ***
(Cm)
Minimum water depth
(Cm)
Up to 5.0
from 5.0 to 7.5
over 7.5
1500
3500
4000
200
500
700
20
30
30
10
10
15
Table 9.5
Arboreal frog
Body length *
(Cm)
minimum stand in the living unit **
(Cm²)
minimum stand for each animal as well as in group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit ***
(Cm)
Minimum water depth
(Cm)
Up to 3.0
above 3.0
900
1500
100
200
30
30
10
10
15
10. reptiles
Table 10.1
Aquatic turtles
Body length *
(Cm)
Minimum water surface area
(Cm²)
Minimum water surface area for each animal as well as in group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum water depth
(Cm)
Up to 5
from 5 to 10
from 10 to 15
from 15 to 20
from 20 to 30
over 30
600
1600
3500
6000
10000
20000
100
300
600
1200
2000
5000
10
15
20
30
35
40
Table 10.2
Country Living snakes
Body length *
(Cm)
Minimum floor area
(Cm²)
Minimum area for each animal as well as in group hold
(Cm²)
Minimum height in the living unit **
(Cm)
Up to 30
from 30 to 40
from 40 to 50
from 50 to 75
over 75
300
400
600
1200
2500
150
200
300
600
1200
10
12
15
20
28
11. fish
11.1
Water supply and water quality
There must always be enough water of suitable quality. The flow of water in recirculating systems or filtration in the tanks must be sufficient to ensure that water quality parameters are kept within acceptable levels. The water supply should, if necessary filtered or treated to remove substances that are harmful for the fish. Water quality parameters shall at all times be within acceptable limits so that normal activity and normal physiological processes are maintained for the relevant species and stage of development. The water flow should be adjusted so that the fish can swim normally and exercise normal behavior. The fish should be given adequate amount of time to acclimatize and adapt to changes in water quality.
11.2
Oxygen, nitrogen compounds, pH and salinity
Oxygen concentration shall be appropriate to the individual species needs and conditions of the fish kept under. Where necessary, it made additional aeration of the water in the tanks. The concentration of nitrogen compounds should be kept low. The pH value should be adapted species and as stable as possible. Salinity shall be adapted to the species' needs and stage of development. Changes in salinity shall take place gradually.
11.3
Temperature, lighting, noise
Temperature must be kept as stable as possible within the optimum limits for the particular fish species. Changes in temperature shall take place gradually. Fish should be maintained in a photoperiod adapted species needs. Noise levels shall be kept to a minimum. Wherever possible, equipment causing noise or vibration, such as generators or filtration systems, be separated from the fish tanks.
11.4
Fish density and environmental complexity
The density of fish shall be based on the fish's overall needs in terms of environmental conditions, health and welfare. Fish should have access to a water volume that is large enough that it can swim normally, considering the fish size, age, health and feed intake. Fish should be offered suitable miljøberiking, such as shelters or bottom substratum unless behavioral characteristics indicate that there is no need for this.
11.5
Feeding and handling
Fish should be fed with a suitable feed in the right amount and at intervals adapted to the species' needs. By feeding fish larvae, any transition from live to manufactured feed given special attention. Fish should be handled as little as possible.
