Key Benefits:
SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT LAW
Official Journal of the Federation December 7, 2001
Last Reform Published DOF January 12, 2012
VICENTE FOX QUESADA, President of the United Mexican States, to its inhabitants known:
That the Honorable Congress of the Union, has served to address the following
DECREE
"THE CONGRESS OF THE MEXICAN UNITED STATES, DECREES:
SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT LAW
TITLE FIRST
LAW ENFORCEMENT AND ENFORCEMENT
Article 1o.- This Law is a regulation of Article 27 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States and is of General observance throughout the Republic.
Its provisions are in public order and are aimed at: promoting the country's sustainable rural development, promoting a suitable environment, terms of paragraph 4. Article 4 (4); and to guarantee the state's rectory and its role in promoting equity, in the terms of Article 25 of the Constitution.
The sustainable rural development that includes the planning and organization of agricultural production, its industrialization, is considered to be of public interest. and all other goods and services, and all those actions aimed at raising the quality of life of the rural population, as provided for in Article 26 of the Constitution, for which the State will have the participation which determines the present order, carrying out its regulation and promotion within the framework of the citizens ' freedoms and governmental obligations established by the Constitution.
Article 2o.- The ejidos, communities and national, state, regional, district, community, and community organizations are subject to this Law. municipal or community producers of the rural environment, which are constituted or constituted in accordance with the laws in force and, in general, any natural or moral person who, individually or collectively, carries out preponderantly activities in the rural environment.
Article 3o.- For the purposes of this Act the following definitions shall apply:
I. Agricultural Activities. The primary production processes based on renewable natural resources: agriculture, livestock (including hunting), forestry and aquaculture (includes fishing);
II. Economic activities of the Rural Society. Agricultural activities and other productive, industrial, commercial and service activities;
III. Agents of the Rural Society. Natural or moral persons from the social and private sectors that integrate rural society;
IV. Agroforestry (Use). The combination of agriculture and livestock farming in conjunction with the cultivation and exploitation of forest species;
V. Basic and Strategic Foods. Respectively, those qualified by their importance in feeding the majority of the population or their importance in the economy of the producers of the field or industry;
VI. Social Welfare. Satisfaction of the material and cultural needs of the population, including social security, housing, education, health and basic infrastructure;
VII. Intersecretarial Committee. The Intersecretarial Commission for Sustainable Rural Development;
VIII. District Council. The Rural Development District Council for Sustainable Rural Development;
IX. State Council. The State Council for Sustainable Rural Development;
X. Mexican Council. The Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development;
XI. Municipal Council. The Municipal Council for Sustainable Rural Development;
XII. Constitution. The Political Constitution of the United Mexican States;
XIII. National Codates. The result of the country's agricultural production;
XIV. Sustainable Rural Development. The comprehensive improvement of the social welfare of the population and economic activities in the territory comprised outside of the core areas considered as urban in accordance with the applicable provisions, ensuring the permanent conservation of the natural resources, biodiversity and environmental services of that territory;
XV. Desertification. The loss of the productive capacity of the lands, caused by man, in any of the existing ecosystems in the territory of the Mexican Republic;
XVI. Broadcast. National promotion by means of mass information written and electronic, books, brochures and any other appropriate material for the release of the various economic programs and benefits arising from the implementation of the Special Programme for Sustainable Rural Development;
XVII. Federative Entities. The states of the federation and the Federal District;
XVIII. Status. Union Powers, Federative Entities, and Municipalities;
XIX. Fiscal Stimulus. Incentives granted by the State through preferential benefits in the exercise of taxation;
XX. Marginality. Defined according to the criteria dictated by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Informatics;
XXI. Government Orders. Federal governments, federal entities, and municipalities;
XXII. Genetically Modified Organisms. Any organism that has a combination of genetic material that has been obtained through the application of modern biotechnology;
XXIII. Basic and Strategic Products. Those foods that are part of the diet of the majority of the population in general or differentiated by regions, and the agricultural products whose production process is related to significant segments of the rural population or objectives National strategic;
XXIV. Special Concurrent Program. The Special Concurrent Program for Sustainable Rural Development, which includes the set of Sectoral Programs related to the subject matter of this Law;
XXV. Sectoral Programs. Federal Government specific programs that set policies, objectives, budgets, and instruments for each of the areas of Sustainable Rural Development;
XXVI. Natural Resources. All those renewable and non-renewable natural assets that can be exploited through processes rural productive and environmental service providers: land, forests, mineral resources, water, vegetative communities and animals and genetic resources;
XXVII. Secretariat. The Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food;
XXVIII. Food Security. The timely, sufficient and inclusive supply of food to the population;
XXIX. Service. Public institution responsible for the execution of specific programs and actions in a subject;
XXX. Environmental Services (synonym: environmental benefits). The benefits of the natural resources society, such as water supply and quality, the capture of pollutants, mitigation of the effect of adverse natural phenomena, landscape and recreation, among others;
XXXI. System. Concurrency mechanism and coordination of the functions of the various public and private dependencies and instances, in where each of them participates in accordance with their powers and competence to achieve a certain purpose;
XXXII. Product-System. The set of concurrent elements and agents of the productive processes of agricultural products, including supply of technical equipment, productive inputs, financial resources, primary production, collection, processing, distribution and marketing, and
XXXIII. Food Sovereignty. The country's free determination in the production, supply and access of food to the entire population, fundamentally based on national production.
Article 4o.- To achieve sustainable rural development, the State, with the participation of the various organized agents, will promote a process of social and economic transformation that recognizes the vulnerability of the sector and leads to the sustained and sustainable improvement of the living conditions of the rural population, through the promotion of productive activities and social development to be carried out in the field of the various regions of the rural environment, In order to achieve optimum use, conservation and improvement of natural resources and to promote the diversification of productive activity in the countryside, including non-agricultural ones, to increase productivity, profitability, competitiveness, income and employment of the rural population.
Article 5o.- In the framework provided for in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, the State, through the Federal Government and in coordination with the governments of the federative and municipal entities, will promote policies, actions and programs in rural areas that will be considered priorities for the development of the country and that will be oriented to the following objectives:
I. Promote and promote the social and economic well-being of producers, their communities, workers in the field, and, in general, actors in rural society with the participation of organisations or associations, in particular those which are made up of subjects who are part of the vulnerable groups referred to in Article 154 of this Law, by means of the diversification and the generation of jobs, including non-agricultural in the rural environment, as well as increased income;
II. Correct disparities of regional development through differentiated attention to regions of greater lag, through a comprehensive action of the State that promotes its transformation and productive and economic conversion, with a productive approach to sustainable rural development;
III. to the nation's sovereignty and food security by boosting the country's agricultural production;
IV. Encourage the conservation of biodiversity and the improvement of the quality of natural resources through its sustainable use; and
V. Valoring the various economic, environmental, social and cultural functions of different manifestations of national agriculture.
Article 6o.- The actions that the State, through the three orders of government and in the terms of the laws, will be a priority. applicable, do in rural areas. In these actions, which will be carried out under the criteria of social and gender equity, integrality, productivity and sustainability, the social and private sectors will be able to participate.
The commitments and responsibilities of this Law, the Federal Government agrees with the private individuals and the other government orders, must be established in the National Development Plan and in the applicable sectoral and special programs and will be in line with the terms proposed by the Federal Executive and approved by the Chamber of Deputies in the Federation.
The Federal Executive will consider the budgetary adjustments, in real terms, that are progressively required in each period to promote compliance with medium-term goals and goals; sustainable rural development that the National Development Plan establishes.
Article 7o.- To boost sustainable rural development, the state will promote the capitalization of the sector through infrastructure (a) basic and productive services and production services, as well as direct support to producers, enabling them to make the necessary investments to increase the efficiency of their production units, to improve their income and strengthen their competitiveness.
The State will encourage investment in infrastructure to achieve the following objectives:
I. Promote the economic efficiency of production units and the rural sector as a whole;
II. Improving the conditions of producers and other actors in rural society to meet trade challenges and seize opportunities of growth derived from agreements and treaties on the subject;
III. Increase, diversify and reconvert production to meet domestic demand, strengthen and expand the domestic market, as well as improve the terms of trade exchange with the outside;
IV. Increase productive capacity to strengthen the peasant economy, the self-supply and the development of regional markets that improve access to the rural population for food and terms of exchange;
V. Promoting the sustainable use of natural productive resources, which make it possible to increase and diversify sources of employment and income; and
VI. Improve the quantity and quality of services to the population.
Article 8o.- The actions of sustainable rural development that the State carries out, will address in a differentiated and priority manner the regions and areas with greater social and economic lag, by boosting the activities of the rural environment, increasing productive investment, promoting the diversification of employment and income opportunities, and promoting links between the fields rural and urban to make it easier for the actors in rural society to access to the supports that your productive activity requires, as well as to the services for your well-being.
For the above, the State will promote what is necessary to formulate and carry out special attention programs, with the concurrence of the instruments of social and population development policy in charge of the agencies and entities of the competent federal public administration, of the federal entities, and the municipalities.
Article 9o.- The programs and actions for sustainable rural development implemented by the Federal Government, as well as those agreed between it and the governments of the federal and municipal entities, will specify and recognize the socioeconomic and cultural heterogeneity of the subjects of this Law, so their strategy of orientation, impulse and attention will have to consider both the aspects of availability and quality of natural resources and Production, such as those of a social, economic, cultural and environmental nature. Such a strategy shall also take into account the different types of producers, by reason of the size of their production units or productive assets, as well as the production capacity for marketable surpluses or for self-consumption.
In order to comply with the above, the Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will establish a typology of producers and subject to sustainable rural development, using the information and methodology available at the competent public and private agencies and agencies.
Article 10.- For the purposes of this Law, the Intersecretarial Commission for Sustainable Rural Development is created.
Article 11.- Actions for sustainable rural development through infrastructure works and the promotion of economic and social activities generation of goods and services within all productive chains in the rural environment, will be carried out according to criteria of preservation, restoration, sustainable use of natural resources and biodiversity, as well as prevention and mitigation of environmental impact.
TITLE SECOND
OF PLANNING AND COORDINATING POLICY FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER I
Sustainable Rural Development Planning
Article 12.- The State is responsible for the rectory of national development and the conduct of sustainable rural development policy, which is They shall be exercised through the offices and entities of the Federal Government and through the agreements concluded with the governments of the federal entities, and through them, with the municipal governments in accordance with the provisions of Article 25. of the Constitution.
Article 13.- In accordance with the Planning Law and the National Development Plan, the short, medium and medium-term sectoral programming will be formulated. long term with the following guidelines:
I. The planning of sustainable rural development will have the democratic character established by the Mexican Constitution and the relative laws. The public sector will participate in it through the Federal Government, the governments of the federal entities and the municipalities, in the terms of the third paragraph of Article 26 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States. as the social and private sectors through their legally recognised social and economic organisations and other forms of participation emanating from the various actors in rural society;
II. In the sectorial programs, it will coordinate and give congruence to the actions and institutional programs of sustainable rural development in charge of the different orders of government and of the agencies and entities of the sector. The Federal Executive, in coordination with the states and the municipalities, if appropriate, and through the corresponding agencies, in accordance with this order, will make the necessary forecasts to finance and allocate budget resources that comply with the programs, objectives and actions in the field, during the lifetime of the programs;
III. The sectoral programmes will constitute the medium and long-term framework for the timing of the actions taken by the different government orders, in order to provide the producers with greater certainty as to the policy guidelines and programmatic forecasts in support of the development of the sector and for those to achieve productivity, profitability and competitiveness that will enable them to strengthen their competition in national and international markets;
IV. The Inter-Sectoral Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, may establish special, sectoral and special concurrent programs Emergency if any contingencies are to be justified;
V. Through the Rural Development Districts, we will promote the formulation of programs at the municipal and regional or watershed levels, with the the participation of the authorities, the inhabitants and the producers in them. Such programmes shall be consistent with the Sectoral Programmes and the National Development Plan;
VI. The sectoral program that the Federal Executive approves in the framework of federalism will specify the objectives, priorities, policies, estimates of budgetary resources, as well as the mechanisms of their implementation, decentralizing in the field of the federative entities, municipalities and regions the determination of their priorities, as well as the management and implementation mechanisms with which ensure the broad participation of the actors in rural society. Similarly, the program will determine the temporality of the institutional, regional and special programs in terms of Articles 22, 23, and 40 of the Law of Planning and 19 of the Law on Budget, Accounting and Federal Public Expenditure;
VII. The national planning in this field should promote the programming of the sustainable rural development of each federal entity and of the municipalities, and their congruence with the National Development Plan;
VIII. Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 20 of the Law on Planning, social participation in the sectoral programming shall be carried out at through the national organizations integrated in the Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development, as referred to in Article 17 of this Law; and
IX. Programming for sustainable rural development in the medium term must include both productivity and productivity competitiveness, as measures of support to eliminate asymmetries with respect to other countries.
Article 14.- In the framework of the National Development Plan and the sectoral programs of the agencies and entities that integrate it, the Commission Intersecretarial for Sustainable Rural Development will propose to the Federal Executive, based on the provisions of Articles 7, 9 and 22 of the Organic Law of the Federal Public Administration and 19 and 26 of the Law of Planning, the Program Concurrent Special for Sustainable Rural Development that will comprise public policies aimed at generating and diversifying employment and guaranteeing the peasant population the welfare and participation and incorporation into national development, giving priority to areas of high and very high marginalization and economic and socially weak populations.
The Intersecretarial Commission, in the terms of Article 13 of this order, will consider the proposals of the organizations that participate in the activities of the sector and the Mexican Council, in order to incorporate them into the Special Program. It will also incorporate the commitments under the respective conventions by the governments of the federative entities and the municipalities, as well as establish the standards and mechanisms for evaluation and monitoring of their implementation.
The Inter-secretarial Commission, at the request of the Federal Executive, will make the necessary considerations to address what is available in section II of the article 13 of this Act.
Article 15.- The Special Concurrant Program referred to in the previous article, shall encourage actions in the following matters:
I. Economic activities of rural society;
II. Education for sustainable rural development;
III. Health and food for sustainable rural development;
IV. Family planning;
V. Housing for sustainable rural development;
VI. Infrastructure and community and urban equipment for sustainable rural development;
VII. Combating poverty and marginalization in rural areas;
VIII. Population policy for sustainable rural development;
IX. Care for the rural environment, the sustainability of socio-economic activities in the countryside and the production of environmental services for society;
X. Gender equity, family protection, the drive to women's programs, young people, protection of vulnerable groups, in special children, disabled people, people with terminal and third age diseases in rural communities;
XI. Impulse to civic education, to the culture of legality and effective combat to illegality in the rural environment;
XII. Impelled culture and the development of the specific forms of social organization and productive capacity of indigenous peoples, particularly for their integration into the sustainable rural development of the Nation;
XIII. Security in land tenure and disposition;
XIV. Promoting productive employment, including boosting social security and training for work in agricultural areas, commercial, industrial and service;
XV. Protection of rural workers in general and agricultural and migrant workers in particular;
XVI. Impelled civil protection programs for prevention, relief, recovery and support for rural people in disaster situations;
XVII. Impelled social peace-oriented programs;
XVIII. National Broadcast on its content, and
XIX. The others to be determined by the Federal Executive.
Article 16.- The Special Program for Sustainable Rural Development will be approved by the President of the Republic within the Six months after the National Development Plan is issued, it will be published in the Official Journal of the Federation and will be widely disseminated among the country's rural population. Such a program shall be subject to the revisions, evaluations and adjustments provided for by the laws applicable to the participation of the Mexican Council.
The Federal Executive will establish the necessary budgetary forecasts for the implementation of the Special Program, for which the Intersecretarial commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will formulate the corresponding budget, which will include at least the temporary validity of the Sectoral Programs related to the matters of this Law. The annual budget forecasts for the implementation of the Special Programme will be integrated into the Draft Budget of the Federation's Government.
Article 17.- The Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development is created as a consultative body of the Federal Government, with a inclusive and representative of the interests of producers and agents of rural society. This Council shall be integrated with the members of the Intersecretarial Commission provided for in Article 21 of this Law, representatives, duly accredited, of the national social and private sector organizations; of the organizations The Committee on Agriculture, Research and Industry, and the Committee on Agriculture, Research and Industry, and the Committee on Agriculture, Research and Industry, and the Committee on Agriculture, Research and Research, and the Committee on Agriculture, Research and of the laws and regulations in force. It shall be chaired by the holder of the Secretariat and shall operate under the terms of its rules of procedure.
The participation of the Mexican Council, together with the Intersecretarial Commission, will consist of the issuance of opinions and the coordination of the activities of the dissemination and promotion to the represented social sectors of the programmes, actions and rules related to the Special Programme, as well as the systems covered by this Law.
Article 18.- The Mexican Council and the other bodies and bodies representing the various actors and actors of rural society will be those responsible for promoting the participation of organizations and other stakeholders in the field of federative entities, municipalities and regions, as a basis for decentralized action in the planning, monitoring, updating and evaluating the programmes promotion of agriculture and sustainable rural development by the Federal Government.
To fulfill its functions, the Mexican Council will form working committees on the substantive issues of this Law.
CHAPTER II
Coordination for Sustainable Rural Development
Article 19.- In order to ensure that the public administration carried out in order to comply with this Law constitutes an integral action of the State in support of the Sustainable rural development, the Federal Executive, through the Intersecretarial Commission, will coordinate the actions and programs of the agencies and entities related to sustainable rural development.
The Federal Executive, through the agreements that it will hold with the governments of the federal entities and the municipalities, will encourage the It will promote the co-responsibility of the different government orders, in the framework of federalism and decentralization as the guiding criteria for the State's action in those areas.
Article 20.- The Intersecretarial Commission will be responsible for addressing, disseminating, coordinating and monitoring programmes. sectors and specials that aim to promote sustainable rural development. It shall also be responsible for promoting and coordinating the actions and concertation of the assignment of responsibilities to the federal agencies and agencies competent in the matters of this Law.
Article 21.- The Intersecretarial Commission will be made up of the following offices of the Federal Executive: (a) Secretariat for Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food, whose head will be chaired; (b) the Secretariat for the Economy; (c) the Secretariat for the Environment and Natural Resources; (d) the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit; (e) the Secretariat of Communications and Transport; (f) Health Secretariat; (g) Secretariat for Social Development; (h) Secretariat of the Agrarian Reform; (i) Secretariat of Public Education; (j) the Secretariat of Energy; and the agencies and entities of the Executive Branch. consider necessary, in accordance with the issues concerned.
Each of the members of the Commission will have an alternate who, in the case of the dependencies, will be the deputy secretary who has the greatest relationship with the Rural development issues.
The Inter-secretarial Commission, through its President, will be able to call the sessions to other branches of the Federal Executive and to entities in the sector public, in order to inform them of the issues of their competence, related to sustainable rural development.
The Intersecretarial Commission will propose to the Federal Executive the policies and criteria for the formulation of programs and actions of the agencies and public sector entities and shall evaluate, on a regular basis, programmes related to sustainable rural development. In its case, the Intersecretarial Commission will submit to the approval of the Federal Executive the new programs of agricultural and sustainable rural development to be included in the corresponding Draft Budget.
Article 22.- The Intersecretarial Commission through the agencies and entities that integrate it, will implement the actions provided for in this Title, in accordance with the jurisdiction conferred upon them by the Organic Law of the Federal Public Administration and the Law of Planning; in such a virtue it shall have the unconcentrated organs and other structures to be determined in its regulations and other provisions applicable.
Likewise, the Inter-secretarial Commission, through consultation with public sector agencies and agencies, and with the private and social sectors, take advantage of the institutional capacities of these and the administrative structures assigned to them by their regulation, to integrate the following specialized systems and services:
I. National System of Research and Technology Transfer for Sustainable Rural Development;
II. National Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance System;
III. National System of Promotion of Rural Social Enterprise;
IV. National System for Combating Desertification and Degradation of Natural Resources;
V. National Rural Social Welfare System;
VI. National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development;
VII. National System of Health, Safety and Agricultural and Food Quality;
VIII. National Rural Finance System;
IX. National System of Support for Programs inherent in the policy of promoting sustainable rural development, in the following aspects:
to Apoyos, compensation and direct payments to the producer;
b Rural equipment;
C Productive and technological reversion;
d Support for agricultural marketing;
e) Technical assistance;
f) Support and compensation for environmental services;
g) Fiscal stimuli and resources of the field 33 for sustainable rural development as set out in the Fiscal Coordination Act;
h) Rural finance;
i) Support convergent for contingencies; and
j) All necessary for the implementation of the Special Program in the areas specified in Article 15 of this Law.
X. National Service for Standardisation and Inspection of Agricultural Products and Storage;
XI. National Service for Health, Safety and Agricultural and Food Quality;
XII. National Seed Inspection and Certification Service;
XIII. National Agricultural Registry Service;
XIV. National Rural Arbitration Service; and
XV. National Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance Service.
The Intersecretarial Commission with the participation of the Mexican Council will determine the general guidelines for the operation and the members of the systems and services provided for in this article, in line with current constitutional and legal regulations.
CHAPTER III
Of Federalization and Decentralization
Article 23.- Federalism and the decentralization of public administration will be the guiding criteria for the implementation of the support for sustainable rural development.
The conventions to be concluded between the Federal Government, the governments of the federal authorities and the municipalities shall comply with these criteria and They will determine their co-responsibility for the implementation of actions related to sustainable rural development.
The National Development Plan, will be the frame of reference of the three government orders so that the criteria of federalism and the decentralization in the established, orient their actions and programs for sustainable rural development.
The agencies and agencies of the federal public administration will take action on the basis of the provisions of the National Plan of Development and the Special Program with priority attention to the areas of greatest economic and social lag, adjusting to what is ordered by the Organic Law of the Federal Public Administration and other legal systems in force.
Article 24.- In accordance with the principles of federalization, Councils for Sustainable Rural Development, approved to the Council, will be integrated Mexican, in the municipalities, in the Rural Development Districts and in the federal entities. The agreements concluded by the Secretariat with the governments of the Federative Entities will provide for the creation of these Councils, which will also be the bodies for the participation of producers and other agents of rural society in the definition of regional priorities, the planning and distribution of resources that the Federation, the federal entities and the municipalities allocate to the support of productive investments, and for sustainable rural development according to the present ordering.
The State Councils of several federative entities that coincide in a common region or hydrological basin, will be able to integrate regional councils interstate in those territories.
ARTICLE 24 BIS.- They may be integrated, within the Mexican, state, district and municipal councils, when deemed necessary, Food advisory committees, whose purpose will be to take the view of the Mexican, state, county and municipal councils in the field of agricultural production, using criteria of technical and economic feasibility, considering mainly the agro-ecological, economic, social and cultural aspects of the territorial area in question.
The creation of the committees will be carried out within the organic statutes of each Council.
May participate in the food advisory committees, in addition to the members of the Mexican, state, county and municipal councils, Professionals registered in the register of service providers in the rural sector belonging to the National System of Training and Integral Rural Technical Assistance to which this Law refers in the Third Chapter of Title Third, in its character of experts on the issues addressed by the committees food advisory, with the aim of strengthening the technical opinion that these committees can issue within the Mexican, state, district and municipal councils. The experts ' opinions should be presented to the Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development to be valued and taken into account in food decision-making.
Article 25.- State Councils may be chaired by the governors of the federal entities. Permanent members of the State Councils shall be the representatives of the State departments which the governments of the Federal Institutions shall determine; the representatives of the agencies and entities which are part of the Commission Intersecretarial and the representatives of each of the districts of Rural Development, as well as representatives of the social and private organizations of economic and social character of the rural sector, similar to the integration that is adopted for the Mexican Council.
Will be permanent members of the District Councils, the representatives of the agencies and entities present in the area concerned, which form part of the Intersecretarial Commission, the officials of the federative entities to be determined by them and the representatives of each of the municipal councils, as well as the representatives of the social and private organizations of a character economic and social sector in the rural sector, in a similar way to the integration that is adopted for the Mexican Council.
Will be permanent members of the Municipal Councils: the municipal presidents, who will be able to preside over them; the representatives in the municipality corresponding to the agencies and the participating entities, which are part of the Intersecretarial Commission, the officials of the Federative Entities that they determine and the representatives of the social and private organizations economic and social character of the rural sector in the Corresponding municipality, similar to the integration that is adopted for the Mexican Council.
The representatives of the social and economic organizations of economic and social character in the rural sector, which make up the State, District and Municipal Councils to which the present refers Article 1 shall be duly accredited in the terms of the applicable regulations.
The integration of the State Councils should be representative of the economic and social composition of the entity and in them the local legislatures may participate in the terms in which they are convened through their Commissions.
The organization and functioning of the state, county and municipal councils will be governed by the statutes that will be agreed between the federal government and those of the federative entities, with the first issue of the issue of general rules on the matter, for the attention of the matters of its competence.
Article 26.- The State Councils will articulate the approaches, projects and applications of the various regions of the institution, channeled through the Rural Development Districts. The municipal councils will define the need for convergence of instruments and actions from the various sectoral programmes, which will be integrated into the concurrent special programme.
Article 27.- The Federal Government, will hold with the governments of the federal entities with the participation of the state councils (a) the agreements necessary to define the responsibilities of each of the government orders in the fulfilment of the objectives and goals of the sectoral programmes. These agreements will establish the responsibility of the governments of the federal entities to promote the timely participation in the state of other sectoral programs that, in terms of the Organic Law of Public Administration Federal, be the responsibility of different federal agencies and agencies.
The conventions referred to in this Chapter shall establish the guidelines under which the Federative Entities shall carry out the activities and dictate the provisions necessary to meet the objectives and goals of the Sectoral Programme.
Such agreements will establish the basis for determining the forms of participation of both government orders, including, inter alia, the following:
I. The intervention of the state authorities in the decentralized exercise of the powers assigned to the Secretariat by the Organic Law of the Federal Public Administration, in the terms of this Law and the provisions governing the matters considered therein;
II. The programming of activities that specify operational and budgetary responsibilities in meeting the objectives and goals of the Sectoral programme and in which federal resources and the institution itself are to be applied;
III. The commitment of the federative entities to promote consistent and consistent regulations with national planning and legislation sustainable rural development;
IV. The commitment of the governments of the federative entities to make public knowledge the programs derived from these conventions, as well as the application, distribution and delivery of resources at the beneficiary level;
V. The adoption of the spatial demarcation of the Rural Development Districts as a geographical basis for the territorial coverage of the producers in the rural sector, as well as for the operation and monitoring of the production programmes and specialised services defined in this Law, without prejudice to what they agree on in other legal instruments;
VI. The co-responsibility for the organization and development of safety, plant health and animal health measures;
VII. The participation of the government actions of the corresponding federative entity in the priority attention programs to the regions greater economic and social lag, as well as productive reconversion;
VIII. The participation of the government of the federative entity in the development of infrastructure and the impulse to the organization of the producers for make the processes of production, industrialization, services, collection and marketing more efficient that they develop;
IX. The participation of the governments of the federative entities and, where appropriate, of the municipalities, based on the territorial demarcation of the Rural Development and other districts that are convinced, in the collection and integration of information required by the National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development. The participation of these authorities in the dissemination of the same to the social organizations, so that they have the best information to support their decisions regarding the activities they perform;
X. The procedures by which the Federal Government will provide the Federal Government with assistance and programs. special attention for emergency situations, with a view to mitigating the effects of contingencies, restoring services, productive activities and reducing the vulnerability of regions to natural or other natural phenomena unforeseen, in terms of crops, income, goods heritage and the lives of families; and
XI. The participation of the governments of the federative entities in the administration and coordination of the state and federal personnel assigned to the Districts of Rural Development, in the equipment of the same and in the promotion of the participation of the social organizations and the population in the individual in the functioning of the districts, in such a way that these constitute the instance initial and immediate public attention to the sector.
Article 28.- The conventions to be concluded by federal public sector agencies and agencies with the governments of the federal entities, They shall provide for the establishment of mechanisms and, where appropriate, associative figures for the administration of budgetary resources to be used by the Federal Government for support programmes, in which the governments of the institutions also participate. The Commission will also be required to provide the Commission with a direct economic support to the beneficiaries, who will be responsible for carrying out the hiring or acquisition of the goods and services that they require for the realization of the investments that are the object of the supports.
CHAPTER IV
Of Rural Development Districts
Article 29.- The Rural Development Districts will be the basis of the territorial and administrative organization of the Federal and Decentralized Public Administration for the implementation of the operational programs of the Federal Public Administration participating in the Special Program and the Sectoral Programs that derive from it, as well as with the the governments of the federal and municipal bodies and for the consultation with the producer organisations and the social and private sectors.
Rural Development Districts will contribute to strengthening the municipal management of sustainable rural development and will promote the creation of Municipal Councils in the area of their respective constituency and support the formulation and implementation of concurrent municipal programs of Sustainable Rural Development.
Rural Development Districts will have a District Council formed by representatives of the Municipal Councils.
The Secretariat will define, with the participation of the State Councils the territorial demarcation of the District of Rural Development and the location of the Support centers for sustainable rural development, with which each Rural Development District will count, seeking to match water basins.
In rural regions with significant indigenous population, districts will be demarcated considering this composition, in order to protect and respect the uses, customs and specific forms of indigenous social organization.
The districts ' programs, goals, objectives and strategic guidelines will also be integrated with those that are developed in the municipalities and regions that belong to each of them.
Article 30.- Each district shall have a collegiate management body, in which the Secretariat, agencies and competent entities shall participate, the governments of the federative and municipal entities that correspond, as well as the representation of the producers and organizations of the social and private sectors of the demarcation, consisting of one representative per branch of production and for each Municipal Council, in such a way as to determine the general regulation of the same.
It will also have an administrative unit made up jointly by the Secretariat and the governments of the federative entities in application of the General Regulation and the criteria for federalization and administrative decentralization developed in the conventions to be concluded by the authorities of both government orders.
The General Regulation of Rural Development Districts, taking into account the State Councils, will establish the powers of its authorities in the matters referred to in this Chapter.
Article 31.- The Rural Development Districts will contribute to the realization, among others, of the following actions:
I. Articular and give regional coherence to policies of sustainable rural development, taking into account the actions of basic infrastructure in charge of competent federal, state and municipal agencies;
II. Meet the responsibilities assigned to them in the conventions to be held by the Federal Government and those of the federal entities, for the operation of the systems and services listed in Article 22 of this Law in order to bring state action to the rural area;
III. To advise producers on the management of production support, organization, marketing and, in general, in all those related to the agricultural and non-agricultural productive aspects in the rural environment;
IV. To seek the opportunity in the provision of services to producers and in institutional supports that are destined for the rural environment;
V. Monitoring the application of the phytosanitary rules;
VI. Evaluate the results of the implementation of federal and state programs and inform the State Councils about it;
VII. Promote the active participation of rural society actors in institutional and sectoral actions;
VIII. Promote the coordination of actions considered in sustainable rural development programs, with those of the industrial sectors, trade and services with a view to diversifying and increasing employment in the field;
IX. Propose to the State Council, as a result of the respective consultations, the programs that must be known to the State Council and deemed necessary for the promotion of productive activities and sustainable rural development;
X. Perform consultation and concerted action and consensus with producers and their organizations, for the fulfillment of their purposes;
XI. To be the main source of obtaining and disseminating figures and statistics in their territorial scope, for which they will contribute in the the lifting of censuses and surveys on the performance and impact of the programs and for compliance with the requirements of the X fraction of this article;
XII. Support the full participation of the municipalities in the planning, definition of priorities, operation and evaluation of the actions of the development sustainable rural; and
XIII. The others assigned to them by this Law, the regulations of the Law, and the conventions that conform to such ordinances.
THIRD TITLE
OF AGRICULTURAL AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROMOTION
CHAPTER I
From Promotion to Economic Activities of Rural Development
Article 32.- The Federal Executive, with the participation of the governments of the federative entities and the municipalities and the social sectors Private sector of rural areas will boost economic activities in rural areas.
The actions and programs to be established for such purposes will be oriented to increase productivity and competitiveness in rural areas, in order to achieve to strengthen employment and increase the income of producers; to generate favorable conditions for expanding the agricultural markets; to increase the natural capital for production, and to the constitution and consolidation of rural enterprises.
The provisions of this precept shall be facilitated by:
I. The impetus for agricultural technological research and development, technological appropriation and its validation, as well as the transfer of technology to producers, the induction of sustainable practices and the production of improved seeds including criollas;
II. The development of human resources, technical assistance and promotion to the economic and social organization of society's agents rural;
III. The investment both public and private for the expansion and improvement of the hydro-agricultural infrastructure, the improvement of the resources natural in water basins, storage, electrification, communication and rural roads;
IV. The promotion of investment by producers and other agents of rural society, for capitalization, technological upgrading and conversion sustainable production units and rural enterprises that allow their constitution, increase their productivity and their continuous improvement;
V. The promotion of plant health, animal health and product safety;
VI. The promotion of the effectiveness of the extraction or harvesting processes, conditioning with grades of product quality, packaging, collection and marketing;
VII. The strengthening of production support services, in particular financing, insurance, storage, transportation, production and supply of inputs and economic and productive information;
VIII. Promoting family production systems;
IX. The boost to industry, agribusiness and the integration of production chains, as well as the development of industrial infrastructure in the middle rural;
X. The impetus to the non-agricultural economic activities in which the various agents of rural society are engaged;
XI. Creating appropriate conditions to address the globalization process;
XII. The recovery and payment of environmental services;
XIII. The conservation and improvement of soils and other natural resources; and
XIV. The others that are derived from compliance with this Act.
CHAPTER II
From Research and Technology Transfer
Article 33.-. The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will integrate the National Research Policy for Sustainable Rural Development, which will be multidisciplinary and inter-institutional in view of national, state and regional priorities; it will also carry out national programming and coordination in this area, based on in the provisions of the Organic Law of Administration Federal Public, in the Law of Science and Technology and in the National Development Plan and in the other applicable laws, taking into account the needs of producers and other agents of rural society.
The National Policy of Research for Sustainable Rural Development, based on the competent institutions and using resources The Commission shall, in accordance with Article 1 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No No 6No of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Parliament, of the Council of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Parliament recommendations for this effect to be issued by the National Council of Science and Technology; likewise, it will tend to have an adequate permanent diagnosis of the different aspects necessary for the planning of sustainable rural development and the search for technical solutions according to the sovereign objectives of the national production.
National research policy will consider the use of information and communication technologies for both its formulation and the dissemination of progress, with the various actors in rural society.
Article 34.- To boost research generation on sustainable rural development and in particular technological development, its validation, transfer and appropriation by producers and other agents, the National System of Research and Technology Transfer for Sustainable Rural Development will be established, as a function of the State that is fulfilled through of its institutions and it is induced and complemented by private and social bodies engaged in such activity.
Research and training of human resources is considered as a priority investment for sustainable rural development, so they should be establish budgetary forecasts for the strengthening of public institutions responsible for the generation of such assets.
The System aims to coordinate and coordinate the actions of public institutions, social and private organizations that promote and implement activities of scientific research, technological development and validation and transfer of knowledge in the agricultural sector, aimed at the identification and attention of both the major national problems in the field and the immediate needs of producers and other actors in rural society in respect of their agricultural activities.
Article 35.- The National System of Technology Research and Transfer for Sustainable Rural Development, will be led by the Secretariat, and integrate the efforts in the field through the participation of:
I. Federal and state agricultural research institutions;
II. Public education institutions that develop activities in the field;
III. Private research and education institutions that develop activities in the field;
IV. The National Council of Science and Technology;
V. The National System of Researchers for the corresponding;
VI. The mechanisms of cooperation with international institutions of agricultural and agro-industrial research and technological development;
VII. National and international companies generating agricultural and forestry technology, through the relevant mechanisms;
VIII. The organizations and individuals, national and international, dedicated to agricultural research, through the mechanisms of cooperation that correspond;
IX. The Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development and the State Councils for Sustainable Rural Development; and
X. Other participants that the Intersecretarial Commission considers necessary, to meet the purposes of promoting rural production.
Article 36.- In the field of agricultural research, the Federal Government will promote basic research and technological development; with this The Secretariat will be responsible for the coordination of the institutions of the Federal Public Administration, whose responsibility is to be responsible for the coordination of the institutions of the Federal Public Administration. is agricultural, socioeconomic and economic research related to the country's natural resources, as well as support to individuals and companies for the validation of the technology applicable to the conditions of the country that is generated at national and international level, provided they are consistent with the objectives of sustainability and environmental protection referred to in this Law and other provisions in the field.
The Secretariat, through the associative figures created in each federative entity referred to in Article 27 (I) and Article 28 of the This Act will support applied research and technology appropriation and transfer in the entity.
The Secretariat, through the corresponding dependencies will sanction the cooperation agreements for scientific-technological research with the national research institutions and international organizations for research and technological development and sustainable rural development, relating to the different aspects of the sector's production chains.
Article 37.- The National System of Technology Research and Transfer for Sustainable Rural Development must address the demands of the social and private sectors in the field, with their fundamental aims being the following:
I. Understanding the needs in the of science and technology of producers and other agents of agricultural and agro-industrial production chains and those of a non-agricultural nature that develop in the medium rural;
II. Promote the generation, appropriation, validation and transfer of agricultural technology;
III. Drive the development of basic and applied research and technological development;
IV. Promote and encourage socio-economic research in rural areas;
V. To promote the articulation of the research systems for rural development at national level and within each entity and the linkage of these with the National System of Training and Comprehensive Rural Technical Assistance;
VI. To foster the linkage between research and agricultural teaching centers and research institutions;
VII. Establish mechanisms that encourage the social and private sectors and other subjects linked to rural production to benefit and orient the relative policies in the field;
VIII. Provide the means to support administrative and litigation decisions requiring opinion and arbitration;
IX. Encourage the integration, administration and relevant updating of information related to agricultural and agricultural research activities sustainable rural development;
X. Strengthen regional and state capabilities, enabling access to technology research and transfer programs;
XI. Promote the productivity and profitability of scientific research, as well as the increase in the contribution of resources from the agricultural and industrial sectors, in order to carry out research of interest for the technological advancement of the rural environment;
XII. Promote collective and associate research, as well as the collaboration of researchers from different institutions, disciplines and countries;
XIII. Promote research and technological development among public and private universities and research centers that demonstrate capacity to carry out research in agricultural and sustainable rural development;
XIV. Take advantage of the scientific expertise available to work on specific high-priority projects, including biotechnology, genetic engineering, biosecurity and safety;
XV. Facilitate the productive conversion of the sector to crops, forest varieties and animal species that raise the income of families rural, provide competitive advantages and favor high value added production;
XVI. Develop ways of harnessing and improving natural resources, which will increase environmental services and productivity sustainable manner;
XVII. Provide reliable information and criteria on the state of natural resources and the processes that determine it, as well as the basis for construction of the corresponding indicators; and
XVIII.The priority of the scientific research and technological development with the programs of productive reconversion of the units economic and regions to increase their competitive advantages and improve incomes for rural families.
Article 38.- The National System of Technology Research and Transfer for Sustainable Rural Development, in the framework of the Federalization, will promote in all the federative entities the research and technological development, those that will be able to operate with similar organizational schemes. For the above, the Special Program Concurrente will include in the Budget of Ets the forecasts necessary for the fulfillment of the purposes of the system, including a fund for the support to the research.
Article 39.- The Intersecretarial Commission will coordinate the establishment and maintenance of the mechanisms for the evaluation and registration of the technologies applicable to the various agro-environmental and socio-economic conditions of producers, taking into account the productive merits, the implications and restrictions of technologies, sustainability and biosecurity.
Article 40.- In relation to genetically modified organisms, the Federal Government, through the specialized agency in this field, promote and regulate the investigation, and, if necessary, be responsible for the management and use of such materials, with strict observance of the criteria of biosecurity, safety and health protection that the Federal Executive may formulate with the participation of the agencies and bodies responsible for the agricultural producers in the framework of the applicable legislation.
CHAPTER III
Technical Assistance and Training
Article 41.- Actions in the field of culture, training, research, technical assistance and technology transfer are fundamental for agricultural promotion and sustainable rural development and are considered the responsibility of the three government orders and the productive sectors, which must be permanently and adequately met at the various levels of development and productive and social consolidation. The Federal Government will develop the training policy through the National System of Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance, taking into account the demand of the rural population and their organizations.
The actions and programs in training, assistance and technology transfer will be formulated and implemented under sustainability criteria, integrality, inclusion and participation. They should be linked to all stages of the development process, from diagnosis, planning, production, organization, transformation, marketing and human development; incorporating, in all cases, producers and the various actors in the rural sector, and will take priority to those in areas with greater economic and social lag.
Article 42.- The Federal Government will develop the training policy through the National System of Rural Technical Training and Assistance Integral, taking into account the demand of the peasant population and their organizations.
The Comprehensive Rural Training Policy will have the following fundamental purposes:
I.Develop the capacity of producers for the best performance of their agricultural activities, and sustainable rural development;
II. Boost your business skills;
III. Enable accreditation of training in accordance with labour competence standards;
IV. Attend training in agricultural matters;
V. Strengthening the autonomy of the producer and the various actors in the sector, encouraging the creation of capacities that will allow them to appropriate productive process and define its role in the economic and social process;
VI. Enable producers to take advantage of the opportunities and knowledge and compliance with environmental and biosafety standards;
VII. Promote and disseminate knowledge for the best use of the institutional programs and supports offered in this field;
VIII. Provide knowledge to producers and agents in rural society to actively access and participate in credit and financing mechanisms;
IX. Enable producers to access market information and access mechanisms to them; and
X. Contribute to raising the educational and technological level in rural areas.
Article 43.- For the purposes of the purposes set out in the previous article, the National Training and Assistance System is established. Integral Rural Technique, as an instance of articulation, exploitation and linking of the capacities that the public sector and the social and private sectors have in this field.
The National System of Training and Integral Rural Technical Assistance should consider the use of information and communication technologies for the fulfillment of its purposes.
Article 44.- The National System of Integral Rural Technical Training and Assistance will be coordinated by the Secretariat and will be formed by:
I. The Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development;
II. State councils for Sustainable Rural Development;
III. Certified training service providers based on labour competition rules and in accordance with Federal Law on Metrology and Standardisation;
IV. The training centers in the field, existing in the country;
V. The training instances of producer organizations;
VI. The evaluators and certifiers of the job competence;
VII. The public sector training, extension, and technical assistance agencies;
VIII. Public education institutions that develop activities in the field;
IX. The technical education and training agencies of the Ministry of Public Education, and
X. The mechanisms and structures to be set up for this purpose in rural development districts.
Article 45.- The National Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance System will coordinate the following actions:
I. Develop and execute the National Comprehensive Rural Training Program;
II. Articulate the training efforts of the various federal government agencies with the various federal entities, municipalities, and organizations in the social and private sectors;
III. Improving the quality and coverage of training services;
IV. Validate the training programs;
V. Track and evaluate training programs performed by public and private institutions;
VI. Support the best use of the capacities and resources that the public, social and private sectors have in this field, orienting their exercise in correspondence with the National Comprehensive Rural Training Program;
VII. Integrate the National Resources Fund for Rural Training with the resources of the entities belonging to the National Training System and Integral Rural Technical Assistance;
VIII. Support with resources for training for the peasant population; and
IX. The other privileges necessary for the fulfillment of the purposes that this Law determines.
Article 46.- The National Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance System will have the following purposes:
I. Coordinate the actions of public and private institutions related to rural training;
II. Potato with the sum of resources the national capacity for the achievement of the purposes of the rural development training policy integral;
III. Homologate and validate the actions of the different agents that perform training activities for comprehensive rural development;
IV. Promote the application of job competence certification schemes; and
V. Contribute to managing financial resources for training.
Article 47.- The National Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance System, will establish the National Training Service and Integral Rural Technical Assistance as the instance of management, programming and execution of training and technical assistance activities.
Article 48.- The National Comprehensive Rural Technical Training and Assistance Service will be led by an internal council formed by:
I. The holders of the secretariats of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food; Environment and Natural Resources; Public Education; Labor and Social Welfare; Social Development and Agrarian Reform;
II. Agricultural agencies;
III. A representative of the Board of Certification and Standardization of Labor Competition;
IV. A representative of the Mexican Council and one of the State Councils;
V. Representatives of farmers ' organizations and producers in the social and private sectors, with national representation;
VI. The presidents of the standardization committees for labor competition in the agricultural sector, sustainable rural development, fisheries and power;
VII. Representatives of educational institutions and agricultural, agro-industrial and forestry technological development;
VIII. The representation of the agricultural authorities and rural development of the Federative Entities; and
IX. The institutions for the promotion of agricultural and forestry research referred to in Chapter II of this Title Third.
Article 49.- The Federal Government should promote training linked to specific projects and based on precise local needs, Considering the participation and needs of producers in the private and social sectors, on the sustainable use of natural resources, the management of appropriate technologies, forms of organization with respect for cultural values, development of rural enterprises, strategies and searches of markets and rural financing.
Article 50.- The Intersecretarial Commission, in coordination with the governments of the federal entities, will promote the National Service of Training and Technical Rural Technical Assistance in schemes that establish a direct relationship between professionals and technicians with the producers, thus promoting a market for specialized services in the sector and preferential and differentiated treatment of producers located in areas of rural marginalisation.
The programmes established by the Secretariat in this field will promote the development of a market for technical assistance services through actions inducers of the relationship between individuals. These programmes shall also cover, in a differentiated manner, the various strata of producers and groups by age, ethnicity or gender, in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 of this Law.
The Comprehensive Rural Technical Assistance and Training Service will establish a permanent, public and accessible assessment and registration procedure on the technical services available.
Article 51.- The Federal Government will encourage the generation of technical assistance capabilities among producer organizations, which may be supported by the State.
Article 52.- They will be technical assistance and training:
I. The transfer of sustainable technology to producers and other agents of rural society, both basic and advanced;
II. The application of a scheme that allows the sustained and efficient development of technical services, with special attention for those sectors with greater lag;
III. The development of demonstrative production units as tools for training, induction and risk management towards change technology; and
IV. The preservation and recovery of traditional practices and knowledge linked to the sustainable use of resources natural, its diffusion, the exchange of experiences, the training of peasant farmers, and among the producers themselves and agents of rural society, and the direct ways of harnessing knowledge, respecting uses and customs, tradition and technologies in the case of indigenous communities.
CHAPTER IV
From Sustainable Productive Conversion
Article 53.- Federal and state governments will stimulate reconversion, in terms of sustainable productive structure, incorporation of technological changes, and processes that contribute to the productivity and competitiveness of the agricultural sector, food security and sovereignty, and the optimal use of land through support and complementary investments.
The Federal Government, through the competent Secretariat, may subscribe with the producers, individually or organized, to take advantage of the sustainable land defined regionally, in order to promote a useful and sustainable use of land, seeking to promote the integration and diversification of production chains, generate jobs, add value to raw materials, reverse the deterioration of the natural resources, produce environmental goods and services, protect biodiversity and the landscape, respect the culture, uses and customs of the population, as well as prevent natural disasters. The Federal Government shall, in turn, cover the payment agreed upon by the services established in the contract, evaluate the results and ask the Union Congress for the authorization of the budgetary resources indispensable for its implementation.
Article 54.- The State will create the policy instruments that will ensure alternatives for the production units or branches of the field that go lagging behind or excluded from development. To this end, the economic activities that preserve the balance of agroecosystems will be preferred.
Article 55.- The support for the change of the productive structure will have as purposes:
I. Respond efficiently to the national demand for basic and strategic products for the national industrial plant;
II. Understanding internal and external market demands, to take advantage of production opportunities that represent better options capitalization and income;
III. Encourage the efficient use of land in accordance with agri-environmental conditions, and availability of water and other elements for production;
IV. Stimulating production involving high potential in local job generation;
V. Reorient the use of soil when there are high levels of erosion or negative impact on ecosystems;
VI. Promote the adoption of technologies that conserve and improve land productivity, biodiversity and environmental services;
VII. Increasing productivity in regions with natural constraints for production, but with comparative advantages that justify production under controlled conditions;
VIII. Encourage production towards products with export and foreign exchange opportunities, giving priority to national supply of products considered to be strategic; and
IX. Encourage productive diversification and contribute to sustainable practices of traditional cultures.
Article 56.- Support for economic producers and organizations to incorporate technological and process changes that are tending to:
I. Improving production processes in the rural environment;
II. Develop economies of scale;
III. Adopt technological innovations;
IV. Keep and manage the environment;
V. Seek the technological transformation and adaptation of technologies and processes in accordance with the culture and natural resources of indigenous peoples and rural communities;
VI. Reorganizing and improving efficiency at work;
VII. Improving the quality of products for marketing;
VIII. efficiently use economic, natural and productive resources; and
IX. Improve the cost structure.
Article 57.- Support and productive reconversion will be accompanied by necessary feasibility studies, training processes, education and strengthen the management and organization skills of the social actors involved, with the purpose of contributing to social change and the conception of the sustainable use and management of natural resources.
In the lands ruled by the Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources as fragile and preferably forest, according to established in the Forest Law and other applicable laws, support for productive reconversion must induce forest or agroforestry use of land or, where appropriate, the application of restoration and conservation practices.
Article 58.- To achieve greater effectiveness in actions aimed at productive reconversion, priority projects will be supported. integrate regional development programmes and coordinate the efforts of the three government and producer orders.
Article 59.- Support for productive conversion in agricultural and agro-industrial activity will be oriented to promote preferably:
I. The formation of companies of a collective and family nature, or generating local jobs;
II. The establishment of agreements between industries and primary producers in the region for the acquisition of raw materials;
III. The adoption of sustainable energy saving technologies; and
IV. The modernization of infrastructure and equipment that will enhance your competitiveness.
CHAPTER V
From Rural Capitalization, Compensation, and Direct Payments
Article 60.- The Federal Government will promote the Capitalization of the Productive Activities and Services of the Rural Sector, for which establish in the relevant Sectoral Programmes and the Joint Special Programme, financial instruments and mechanisms that encourage investment from the public, private and social sectors.
Article 61.- Federal, state and municipal governments, through the agreements they subscribe, will promote the creation of infrastructure to improve the productive conditions of the countryside; they will also stimulate and support producers and their economic organizations for the capitalization of their production units, in the production, processing and marketing.
Article 62.- Support for capitalization will encourage the development of processes that will increase the productivity of the production, profitability, conservation and management of the natural resources of the productive units. In addition, the Federal Government will provide complementary incentives for the adoption of appropriate technologies, process conversion, consolidation of the economic organization and integration of productive chains.
Article 63.- Producers and organizations may make their contributions through capital or with work, equipment, infrastructure, inputs or use of natural resources.
Article 64.- The Federal Executive will provide resources, according to the Federation's Government Budget, which may be supplemented by the that they assign to the governments of the Federative Entities and the Municipalities, which will have by object:
I. Sharing the risk of productive reconversion and capitalization investments;
II. Concurl with the additional supports that in each case the producers require for the due fulfillment of the projects or programs of promotion, special or contingency, in order to correct missing basic products intended to meet national needs; and
III. Support the realization of investments, works or tasks that are necessary to achieve the increase in productivity of the rural sector and the environmental services.
Article 65.- The Federal Government in a shared risk framework will define a resource amount to temporarily support producers who participate in the strategic conversion projects, in the terms established in the contracts referred to in Article 53 of this Law.
The utilities that you have, deducted the costs and the administrative costs, will be in favor of the producers.
Article 66.- Only risk will be shared with producers who are ejidatarios, community members, settlers or small owners, provided they are forced to to comply with the promotion programs referred to in this Law, or accept the commitments to achieve the productivity rates expressly authorized by the Intersecretarial Commission. In any case, producers with up to 10 hectares of irrigation or their equivalent shall be treated in the first place.
Article 67.- The Federal Government, will support capitalization and investment in the field with direct investment, financing, capital risk, integration of associations in the rural environment and training of managers of social enterprises and those that contribute to the formation of human, social and natural capital.
Article 68.- The Federal Government will grant the field producers support defined in a medium-term forecast, in terms of determine the Intersecretarial Commission, in accordance with the provisions laid down in the Constitution, Article 16 of this Law and other applicable provisions and in accordance with the budgetary provisions authorized by the Legislative Assembly annually.
Article 69.- The head of the Federal Executive, in sending to the Congress of the Union the Revenue Law Initiative of the Federation and the Decree of the Federation's Government Budget, for each of the fiscal years in which this order is in force, will establish the estimates of resources and budgetary resources that are required to give compliance with the provisions of this Law.
Article 70.- The medium-term projection of the corresponding resources will pursue the following purposes:
I. To provide the producers with certainty that they will receive the support that will guarantee them to implement the productive projects that will allow, among other things, to increase the profitability and competitiveness of their productive units, in addition to greater negotiating capacity in dealing with market commitments and to take advantage of the opportunities for growth arising from international agreements and treaties on the subject; and
II. That producers be able to receive in advance the resources provided in the respective support programs, to capitalize their production units and to be able to develop their modernization projects and actions.
Article 71.- The supports that are granted must be oriented, among other purposes, to:
I. Modernize the infrastructure of the producer and its teams;
II. The establishment of agreements between industry and primary producers;
III. The constitution of companies of a collective and family nature;
IV. The association of producers through the legal figure that best suits their interests, provided that it is in the legal framework in force;
V. Investment in restoration and improvement of land and environmental services;
VI. The adoption of sustainable energy saving technologies; and
VII. The others to be established by the Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council.
Article 72.- The estimates of resources and budget availabilities for a fiscal year and those projected on a medium horizon In order to promote the production of goods and services that contribute to strengthening domestic production and the agricultural trade balance, structural adjustments to production chains, access to food with a lower price, the improvement of land and environmental services and the reduction of the conditions of inequality between producers, as well as the mechanisms to achieve their competitiveness in the context of economic globalisation.
Article 73.- By this Law, producers will be supported, through financial and technically viable production projects, in order to Encourage that each advance produces according to their natural aptitude and a policy of promoting sustainable rural development will be deployed that will allow them to make the production decisions that best suit their interests.
The ability to anticipate multi-year supports is established by meeting the requirements that are outlined for each case.
Article 74.- The Federal Government, in the exercise of its powers, should promote the multiyear support granted to producers allow them to operate under the following guidelines:
I. The certainty of its temporality by establishing in this Law the validity of the program and the possibility of requesting in advance the resources foreseen in the the;
II. Precision as to its generalized or differentiated nature by type of producer, geographical location and socio-economic level of the beneficiary;
III. Opportunity in your delivery, according to the characteristics of the corresponding projects;
IV. Transparency by spreading the rules for their access and the publication of amounts and the type of support per beneficiary;
V. The responsibility of the beneficiaries, regarding the use of the supports; and
VI. Possibility of evaluating them to measure their efficiency and administration, in accordance with the expected rules.
Article 75.- The beneficiaries of the supports will be able to allocate the corresponding resources to serve as a source of payment or as a guarantee of projects.
Article 76.- The Intersecretarial Commission, subject to the provisions laid down in this Law, will propose guidelines for granting the medium-term advances referred to in this Chapter and each competent authority shall apply and interpret for administrative purposes the provisions of this order.
Article 77.- The operation, administration, and control of the medium-term advances mode will be normalized by the dependencies and entities competent and shall be implemented in accordance with the criteria of federalisation and decentralisation outlined in this Law.
For this purpose, the Intersecretarial Commission will propose the monitoring and control mechanisms on the resources that will be granted, and verify their correct application in the approved projects.
Article 78.- The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will know of the inconformations presented in the application of the medium-and long-term advances provided by this Law and will issue the corresponding opinions.
Article 79.- The Federal Government will grant, in accordance with its availabilities and with the international commitments made by the country, support to compensate for the inequalities of the national producers in relation to the producers in the countries with which there are trade agreements.
Support for the marketing, which the Federal Government channels to compensate the inequalities of the national producers with respect to the countries with Those who have trade agreements shall be granted, maintained and updated to the extent that they contribute to the food security and sovereignty set out in Articles 179 and 183 of this Law.
Article 80.- The Federal Government will create a programme of direct support for producers in poverty, which will aim to improve the income of the producers of self-consumption, marginal and subsistence. Being the subject of income support does not limit producers ' access to other public programs.
CHAPTER VI
From the Hydroagricultural Infrastructure, Electrification and Rural Roads
Article 81.- The Federal Government, in the terms of the Special Program, will boost investment and schedule expansion of the Hydroagricultural infrastructure, its modernization and technification, considering it as a fundamental instrument for the promotion of sustainable rural development, through the rational use of the country's water resources.
Article 82.- In the programming of the expansion and modernization of the hydroagricultural infrastructure and water reuse treatment, they will be criteria for their contribution to increasing the productivity and food security of the country, to strengthen the efficiency and competitiveness of producers, to the reduction of regional imbalances, to the economic transformation of the regions where it is carried out, and the sustainability of the use of natural resources.
Article 83.- The Federal Government, in coordination with the governments of federal entities, user organizations and their own producers, will implement and support the implementation of soil and water conservation works; it will also give priority to the modernization and technification of the hydroagricultural infrastructure granted to users, as well as works of soil and water conservation with a comprehensive approach that allows to work together to rationalise the use of water and increase the production capacity of the sector.
Will also promote and support the construction of infrastructure at the pre-dium level to conserve the moisture balance, in favor of those who take advantage of it integrally all available water sources.
For this purpose, it will concern the governments of the federal entities and the user organizations in charge of the districts and irrigation and drainage, investment aimed at the modernization of the interparcelary infrastructure; promote private and social participation in the hydraulic works and will support technically and economically the producers who require it to increase efficiency Irrigation at the level of the parcelary.
Article 84.- The federal government, through the competent agencies and agencies, in coordination with the governments of the Federal entities and with the participation of the beneficiary producers, will promote the development of electrification and rural roads and conservation works of soils and water, considering them as basic elements for the improvement of the living conditions of the inhabitants of the environment rural and the productive infrastructure of the field.
The rural communication infrastructure will seek to abate the lags of isolation, incommunication and deficiencies that rural regions have in relationship with the rest of the country. To this end, the construction and maintenance of rural roads, telecommunications and rural telephone systems, rural transport systems for people and products will be promoted.
The rural communication infrastructure must be adequate to the geographical and climatic conditions of the area, as well as the quality of the required to be used for the transport of persons, products, inputs and machinery necessary for agricultural and livestock tasks, affecting the production and welfare conditions of the rural population.
Article 85.- In order to achieve the integrality of rural development, the expansion and modernization of the hydro-agricultural infrastructure, Electrification and rural roads will address the needs of the social and economic areas of the regions and especially the areas with the greatest economic and social lag, in the terms of Article 6 and other relative areas of this system.
CHAPTER VII
From the Increase of Productivity and Training and Consolidation of Rural Enterprises
Article 86.- In order to boost the productivity of economic units, capitalize on farms and implement improvement measures In the light of the present situation, the Commission has been able to make the most efficient, competitive and sustainable economic activities of the producers, the Federal Government, in coordination and with the participation of the governments of the entities of the Federation, and through these participation of municipal governments, will address with priority to those producers and other subjects of rural society who, having productive potential, lack conditions for development.
Article 87.- To boost rural productivity, support to producers will be oriented to complement their economic capabilities at the end of the year. make investments for the technology of irrigation and the repair and purchase of equipment and implements, as well as the acquisition of improved vegetative material for its use in production; the implementation of agriculture under conditions controlled; development of plantations; implementation of health and safety standards and biological control techniques; the promotion of livestock farming; the adoption of ecologically relevant practices and the conservation of natural resources; and the procurement of technical assistance services and the other necessary to promote sustainable rural development.
Article 88.- To boost livestock productivity, the supports referred to in this Chapter will complement the economic capacity of producers to make investments to increase the availability of livestock feed through the rehabilitation and establishment of grassland and grassland conservation of fodder; construction, rehabilitation and modernization of livestock infrastructure; improvement Livestock genetic conservation and raising of livestock; repair and acquisition of livestock equipment; equipment for dairy production; technification of reproductive systems; procurement of services and assistance technical; the technification of the productive units through the construction of infrastructure for the management of livestock and water; and the others that are necessary to promote livestock development.
Article 89.- To encourage the formation and consolidation of rural enterprises, the supports referred to in this Chapter will complement the the economic capacity of producers to make investments for the producer organization and its constitution in legal figures, strategic planning, technical and administrative training, training and business development, as well as as the purchase of equipment and machinery, continuous improvement, the incorporation of quality criteria and the implementation of computer systems, among others.
Article 90.- The Federal Government, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will establish the validity of the support to the producer, foreseeing in its rules operation, at least:
I. Time during which support will be granted;
II. Monto of the supports;
III. Extension limits or others, in order to receive support, as well as the requirements to credit the above; and
IV. The way to resolve disputes arising from support through the intervention of rural development districts.
CHAPTER VIII
Of Agricultural Health
Article 91.- In the field of plant health, animal health and the genetically modified organisms, the policy will be directed to reduce the risks to agricultural production and public health, strengthen agricultural productivity and facilitate the national and international marketing of products.
For this purpose, actions and programs will be directed to regulate the import, transit and management of genetically modified organisms, to avoid The entry of pests and diseases into the country, in particular those of quarantine interest; to control and eradicate the existing ones and to accredit at national and international level the sanitary condition of the national agricultural production.
The actions and programs that will be carried out by the agencies and competent entities will be in accordance with the provisions of the federal laws and the conventions in the field.
Article 92.- The Federal Government, on the basis of the applicable laws, shall establish the National System of Health, Safety and Quality Agricultural and Food, which will be coordinated by the Secretariat and integrated by the competent agencies and agencies.
Article 93.- Based on the information provided by the National System of Health, Safety and Agricultural and Food Quality, the Commission Intersecretarial will promote standardization, organize and carry out emergency campaigns, and plant health campaigns, and promote programs for the promotion of agricultural and livestock health, through consultation with the governments of the Federal entities and producers.
Article 94.- Through the National Service for Health, Safety and Agricultural and Food Quality, inspection will be ensured in ports and borders, for the verification of compliance with the rules applicable to plant products, animals, wood, packaging and in general any animal or plant of origin which represents risks of quarantine, biological or public health, in addition to exchanging information and establish the necessary coordination with the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit to avoid irregular income of products, given the health risk they represent.
The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, in order to regionalize the actions in the field of agricultural and livestock health, define plant-health regions within which the health measures and programmes will be geared to standardising the health condition of production, in order to facilitate intra-regional mobilisation and to establish standards and their progress of implementation in the framework of international conventions, with basis on the regionalisation criteria foreseen in them.
To delimit the phytosanitary regions and carry out the inspection of the inter-regional mobilization of animals, plants, products and by-products The Federal Government will carry out the installation of the necessary infrastructure and its equipment, which will constitute the federal health cordons.
Article 95.- The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will propose to the Secretariat of Foreign Relations, the accession to international treaties and instruments which are necessary in the field of agricultural and genetically modified health and genetically modified organisms; it may also promote agreements aimed at the international harmonization and equivalence of phytosanitary provisions.
Article 96.- The State, through the National Service for Health, Safety and Agricultural and Food Quality, will participate in the international bodies and forums governing the criteria for quarantine and will promote the formulation of other relevant criteria for adoption at international conventions; likewise, it will promote appropriate adjustments in the national programmes and regulations enabling action to be taken the opportunity to defend the interests of the trade in national products, in view of the introduction in the international field of regulatory criteria relating to food safety, which will be the subject of programmatic actions and regulations specific to the Federal Government.
The Intersecretarial Commission will promote consultation with the agricultural and health authorities of countries in the region, the implementation of joint animal health care, in order to protect the health of national agricultural production.
Article 97.- The prevention measures for genetically modified organisms of animal and plant origin are considered to be in the public interest be harmless to human health, so the Federal Government will establish mechanisms and instruments relating to biosecurity and production, import, mobilization, spread, release, consumption and, in general, use and use of such bodies, their products and by-products, with sufficient and timely information to consumers.
In case of a presumption of plant health risk or undesirable effects of the use of genetically modified organisms, in the face of insufficient Appropriate scientific evidence, guidance and appropriate measures will invariably follow the precautionary principle.
This matter will be regulated by the laws, regulations and specific rules that the Congress of the Union and the Federal Executive will approve.
CHAPTER IX
Of the Standardization and Inspection of Agricultural Products and Storage and Inspection and Certification of Seeds
Article 98.- The Federal Government will establish the National Service for Standardisation and Inspection of Agricultural and Storage Products, in terms of the provisions of the Federal Law on Metrology and Standardisation and the provisions applicable to the general warehousing warehouses.
Article 99.- The National Service for Standardisation and Inspection of Agricultural Products and Storage, will promote the elaboration, Compliance, inspection and certification of sanitary and quality standards regarding the reception, handling and storage of agricultural products. In addition, it will promote the creation of a baseline that facilitates the commercial transactions of physicists and the use of crop and inventory financing instruments.
Article 100.- This Service will promote to the competent agencies of the federal public administration, the issuing of official rules Mexican rules regarding the safety of the storage of agricultural products and by-products; sanitary measures that prevent or eradicate outbreaks of diseases or pests, as well as the specifications for mobilization and operation of cold nets of agricultural products.
Article 101.- The National Seed Inspection and Certification Service will be the coordinating body for participation activities of the various sectors of seed production, certification and trade and shall be in charge of the Secretariat.
Article 102.- The National Seed Inspection and Certification Service will have the following objectives:
I. Establish and, if appropriate, propose, in conjunction with the other related dependencies and institutions, international policies, actions and agreements on the conservation, access, use and comprehensive management of plant genetic resources, protection rights for breeders and seed quality analysis;
II. Set guidelines for seed quality certification and analysis;
III. Promote the participation of the various sectors involved in protecting the rights of plant variety breeders;
IV. Spread the acts relating to the protection of the rights of the breeder of plant varieties; and
V. Instrumentation inspection and certification measures to ensure the safety of genetically modified organisms, in the terms of the Article 97.
In compliance with the actions included in the objectives listed in this article will be subject to the forecasts determined by the Federal Law of Plant varieties and their regulations.
Article 103.- The regulatory provisions issued by the Federal Executive and the administrative provisions agreed by the Commission Intersecretarial, as well as the agreements to be concluded in this respect, will determine the institutional mechanisms of their participation and the agreements to be concluded with the Federative Entities of the country, in the terms of the legislation applicable.
CHAPTER X
From Marketing
Article 104.- The promotion and support of agricultural marketing and other goods and services in the area of the regions will be promoted and supported rural development, through schemes to coordinate the efforts of the various agencies and public entities, of the rural society actors and their economic organizations, in order to achieve a better integration of primary production with the processes of marketing, crediting the health condition, quality and safety, the organic or sustainable nature of the products and production processes and increasing the competitiveness of the production chains, as well as promoting the formation and consolidation of the marketing companies and the markets which in turn make it possible to secure internal supply and increase the competitiveness of the sector, in accordance with the applicable international standards and treaties.
Article 105.- The marketing policy will address the following purposes:
I. Establish and implement clear and equitable rules for the exchange of products offered by rural society, both in the internal market as exterior;
II. Procurating a greater articulation of primary production with the processes of marketing and transformation, as well as enhancing competitiveness of the rural sector and the production chains thereof;
III. Favor the relationship of exchange of the agents of the rural society;
IV. Give certainty to producers to reactivate production, stimulate productivity and stabilize incomes;
V. To produce the structure of the production structure and the marketing system that is required to guarantee food supply, as well as the supply of raw materials to the domestic industry;
VI. Provide better food supply;
VII. Avoid speculative practices, concentration and hoarding of agricultural products to the detriment of producers and consumers;
VIII. To stimulate the strengthening of the marketing and storage companies of the social and private sectors, as well as the purchase and sale of products offered by rural society actors;
IX. Drive the formation of recognition mechanisms, in the market, of the incremental costs of sustainable production and services environmental; and
X. To strengthen the domestic market and the competitiveness of national production.
Article 106.- For the purposes of the previous article, the Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council through the System Product Committees, will draw up the Basic Program for the Production and Marketing of Products by the agents of rural society, as well as the corresponding annual programs, which will be incorporated into the sectoral and the annual operational programmes of the Secretariats and corresponding dependencies.
Article 107.- The Basic Program for Production and Marketing of Products by the Rural Society Agents will be an instrument of coordination of the institutional services and supports in the field and of reference to the productive activity of the rural sector and must establish for each agricultural cycle, product and region, the estimated volume of support to be granted and the possible consumer markets, which will be incorporated into the project Annual Budget of Support for Marketing.
Article 108.- The Federal Government will promote among economic operators the conclusion of agreements and production schemes by contract through the organisation of the producers and the channelling of support.
Article 109.- The State, through the National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development, will integrate and disseminate information about regional, national and international markets, relating to demand and supply, existing inventories, national and international production expectations and price quotations for product and quality in order to facilitate marketing.
Will also maintain support and training programs for producers and marketers organizations to access and develop Physical and future markets for agricultural and forestry products.
Article 110.- The Federal Executive will implement the measures that the Specific System-Product Committees propose to you through the Commission Intersecretarial, prior to its evaluation by the latter, for the protection of national production by annual budget, to balance the country's agricultural and agricultural policies with that of the countries with which they are treated. trade, such as the establishment of compensatory payments, levies, tariffs, quotas and safeguards, among others, and to contribute to the efficient formation of national prices and to reduce the distortions generated by policies implemented in other countries.
The Inter-secretarial Commission will implement measures to prevent imports of products with subsidies from hindering the process of (a) the marketing of production and the detriment of domestic producers. The Federal Government, at the request of the System-Product Committees or, failing that, of the Mexican Council, will undertake with the participation of the affected producers, the demands, controversies, exceptions, studies and other defense procedures for domestic producers at international level, co-participating with the costs involved and taking into account the economic capacity of the producer group concerned.
Article 111.- The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council and in accordance with the commitments made by our country, define eligible products for support that face difficulties in marketing, affect the income of producers, create incentives, incentives, support and preferential purchases of government, in addition to actions that allow bringing the location of the consumer companies closer to the production.
They will be eligible to receive marketing support, national crops that because of their magnitude or location entail costs that prevent the National producer access to competitive income. Such support must be channelled directly to the producers or to the marketing organisations themselves.
The instruments of marketing support that the Federal Government will promote must be concurrent and complementary to the support for the conversion and productive diversification, as well as those related to the regionalisation of the markets.
The governments of the federative entities may also channel resources concurrently to these ends, in agreement with the Commission Intersecretarial and with the participation of the Mexican Council.
The allocation and permanence of marketing supports will be subject to evaluation processes, in terms of their contribution to improving the functioning of the markets, strengthening and giving greater certainty and stability to the income of producers.
Article 112.- The Federal Government, through the Secretariat, will determine the amount and the way to assign direct support to producers. have previously been considered in the program and annual budget of expenditures for the sector; those that, in conjunction with the support to the commercialization, will seek the profitability of the agricultural activities and the permanent improvement of the competitiveness and income of producers.
These supports will be granted in accordance with the provisions of Article 188 of this order.
Article 113.- In coordination with the governments of the federal entities and with the participation of the producers, the Secretariat will encourage exports of national products through the accreditation of the health condition, quality and safety, their organic or sustainable character and the implementation of programs that stimulate and support the production and processing of products offered by the actors of the rural society to take advantage of the opportunities of international markets.
Article 114.- Based on the provisions of international conventions and in terms of reciprocity to the treatment of exports of National products, the Federal Government will promote the subscription of mutual recognition agreements in the area of conformity assessment of agricultural products subject to health and safety standards.
Article 115.- The Federal Government, will promote the constitution, integration, consolidation and capitalization of the marketing companies of the social and private sectors dedicated to the collection and sale of products offered by the rural society's agents, and in particular the processes of industrial conditioning and processing that they perform.
In addition, the Federal Government will support the conduct of market studies and the promotion of products in the domestic and foreign markets. It will also provide rural producers with advisory and training assistance in export, procurement, transportation and collection operations, among other aspects.
CHAPTER XI
From The National Rural Finance System
Article 116.- The policy of financing for sustainable rural development will be oriented towards establishing a multiple financial system in its arrangements, instruments, institutions and agents, enabling producers of all strata and their economic organisations and social enterprises to have adequate, adequate and accessible financial resources to develop successfully their economic activities.
Small producers and economic agents with low incomes, the areas of the country with the least economic and social development, will be preferred. profitable productive projects or those that are highly generating jobs, as well as the integration and strengthening of social banking. They will be recognized as part of the social banking system, all non-public financial institutions that seek to satisfy the needs of financial services of the agents of rural society, in the terms of the applicable legislation.
The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will promote the integration of the National System of Rural Finance with banking development and private and social banking, which will develop their activities in a concerted and coordinated manner.
Article 117.- The institutions of the National Rural Finance System will be autonomous in their government and in their decisions regarding their internal policies and shall clearly and publicly establish their operational procedures and criteria.
The institutions of the National Rural Finance System will submit their reports annually and make them available to the public through the National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development. Likewise, they will provide quarterly information on the information on the management and granting of financial resources to be established by the Inter-secretarial Commission with the participation of the Mexican Council.
Article 118.- To the extent that the State develops and consolidates the National System of Rural Financing, it will limit its participation in the provision of direct financial services to the public, concentrating on activities to promote and provide financial services to the institutions of the National Rural Finance System, avoiding the creation of competition those institutions. The National Sustainable Rural Development Information System will include timely information on funding amounts and mechanisms, in accordance with what the Intersecretarial Commission will establish with the participation of the Mexican Council.
Rural government programs with financial components, will establish their area of influence; financial policies; equity criteria gender; support for vulnerable groups, seniors, indigenous people, and others to establish the Intersecretarial Commission with the participation of the Mexican Council.
The Federal Government will encourage the participation of the institutions of the National Rural Finance System in the provision of credit services, savings, insurance, transfer of remittances, payment services and the contribution of risk capital to the sector, which may include, inter alia:
I. The funds for the production and investment of capital in agricultural activities; to promote contract agriculture; for the promotion of strategic partnerships, for the establishment and consolidation of rural enterprises, for the development of fruit, industrial and forestry plantations; for agro-industry and fishing and aquaculture; and for activities to diversify opportunities of income and employment in rural areas;
II. Government investment in storage and storage infrastructure, funding for crop production and inventory maintenance;
III. Support for the export of national production;
IV. Funds for investment in hydro-agricultural infrastructure and the technification of irrigation systems;
V. Funds for the consolidation of rural property and productive reconversion;
VI. Investment for compliance with environmental and product safety regulations;
VII. Support for innovations in productive processes in the rural environment, such as crops, irrigation, crops, industrial transformation and its phases marketing; and
VIII. Resources for collateral actions to ensure the recovery of investments.
Article 119.- The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will define mechanisms to favor the banking connection The social and economic benefits of social banking, as well as the economies of scale of the promotion and private banks, are the main advantages of the social banking system. It will also establish special supports for viable local financial initiatives that respond to the socio-economic and organizational characteristics of the rural population, including:
I. Support with seed capital;
II. Long-term investment credits;
III. Support with technical assistance and human and social capital development programs;
IV. Establishment and access to information;
V. Refinancing mechanisms; and
VI. Preference on access to government programs.
Article 120.- The Federal Executive will promote mechanisms in the banking system to complement the financing programs for the sector, with preferred interest in development banking. In this sense, producers of basic and strategic products or low income will be preferred.
Article 121.- The Federal Government through the Intersecretarial Commission through coordination mechanisms with the governments of the entities It will promote the development of local rural finance schemes, which will expand institutional coverage, promote and support with financial resources the emergence and consolidation of local initiatives that respond to the Socioeconomic characteristics and the organization of the population rural, based on criteria of viability and self-sufficiency and will favor their connection with government programs and private and social development banks.
For this purpose, perform the following actions:
I. Support the emergence and consolidation of local projects for financing, saving and insurance, under co-responsibility criteria, solidarity guarantee of the partners and financial sustainability, which facilitate the access of producers to such services and to the institutional schemes of greater coverage;
II. Support technical and financial support to economic organizations of producers, for the creation of autonomous financial systems and decentralized;
III. Canalize economic supports to develop the human and social capital of the producers ' organizations that make up complementary financing of the coverage of the institutional financial system; and
IV. Normar and make it easier for producers to use financial instruments for direct income support, productivity and marketing, for complement the capitalization processes.
Article 122.- The Intersecretarial Commission, in coordination with the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit and with the collaboration of the governments of the federative entities, may participate in the establishment of funds in order to support:
I. The capitalization of investment initiatives by producers ' economic organizations;
II. The formulation of agricultural, forestry and rural development projects and programmes of technical, economic and financial feasibility;
III. The granting of guarantees to support projects of regional strategic importance; and
IV. Compliance with government programs and supports referred to in the previous fractions.
Article 123.- The Federal Government will make coordination efforts in rural finance, between development banks and specialised public sector institutions; commercial banking and private financing bodies and the social banks and financial bodies of rural producers, recognising them in the terms of the applicable legislation.
The Federal Government will establish measures to make social banking development viable.
CHAPTER XII
From Risk Management
Article 124.- The Intersecretarial Commission will promote technological change by promoting risk-sharing schemes with producers and others Rural agents, for which, through the competent agencies, will seek to provide the necessary instruments and public resources and, in addition, will promote a differentiated scheme in support of the areas of the country with less development.
Article 125.- The Federal Government, in the administration of risks inherent in technological change in the activities of the rural sector, will promote supports the producer who helps to cover the premiums of the risk and market insurance service.
Economic support will be given priority through mutual organizations or producers ' insurance funds and also of the insurance companies of the producers.
Article 126.- The development of private and mutual insurance services and price coverage will be directed by the Federal Government to the support of producers and other agents of rural society in the management of the risks inherent in agricultural activities carried out in the rural sector.
The insurance service shall endeavour to include the instruments for the coverage of production risks and climatic and health contingencies, in addition to being complemented by instruments for the management of risks of exchange and market parity and property losses in the event of natural disasters, in order to provide producers with greater capacity to manage risks relevant to the economic activity of the sector.
Article 127.- The Intersecretarial Commission will promote, with the participation of the governments of the federative entities and the social sectors and the use of instruments for the management of risks, both for production and for the market.
In order to facilitate the access of the producers to the insurance service and to extend their institutional coverage, the Inter-secretarial Commission promote the economic organizations of the producers, obtain the necessary support, for the constitution and operation of insurance funds and mutual schemes; as well as their involvement in financing, investment and administration of other risks.
In the same way, will encourage the use of price hedges, including exchange rates, in futures markets.
Article 128.- The Intersecretarial Commission will promote a program for the formation of mutual organizations and insurance funds with self-assurance functions in the framework of the laws in the field, in order to facilitate the access of the producers to the insurance service and to generalize their coverage. It will also promote the creation of specialised producers ' bodies for the administration of price caps and the provision of the inherent specialised services.
Article 129.- The Federal Government, with the participation of the agencies deemed necessary by the President of the Republic, will create a fund managed and operated with social equity criteria, to serve the rural population affected by climate contingencies.
Based on the resources of this fund and with the participation of the governments of the federative entities, the affected producers will be supported to address the negative effects of climate contingencies and to reincorporate them into productive activity.
To this fund will be added public resources of the Federal Government and the states, when they so agree, accompanied by those destined to the programs of promotion.
Article 130.- In order to reduce the rates of accidents and the vulnerability of productive units to contingencies climatological, the Intersecretarial Commission, in coordination with the governments of the federative entities, will establish programs of productive reconversion in the regions of recurrent sinister and low productivity.
Article 131.- The Federal Government will formulate and keep up to date a Risk Charter in water basins in order to establish the disaster prevention, including soil, water, and flood management works.
Article 132.- These supports will apply only in regions that require productive conversion programs, in which the State Council determine, taking into account the proven sustainable alternatives of technological change or change of crop pattern.
Support to be granted for productive reconversion should be considered in the state and county development plans and must operate in coordinated and complementary form with the programs of the three government orders.
Article 133.- The Federal Government will seek support, which will be intended to compensate the producer and other agents of rural society for natural disasters in specified regions and possible market contingencies, the modalities and mechanisms of support to be defined by the different agencies and government orders participating in the concurrent special program.
CHAPTER XIII
Economic and Productive Information
Article 134.- In order to provide timely information to producers and economic agents involved in production and markets The Federal Government will implement the National System of Information for Sustainable Rural Development, with economic components, Agricultural Statistics, natural resources, technology, services technical, industrial and sector services, in coordination with the governments of the federal entities and based on the provisions of the Law on Statistical and Geographical Information.
In the National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development, international, national, state, municipal and local information will be integrated district of rural development related to the relevant economic aspects of agricultural activity and rural development; market information in terms of supply and demand, availability of products and qualities, production expectations, prices; markets for inputs and weather conditions Prevailing and expected. It will also include information from the National Agricultural Information System and the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics and other sources.
Article 135.- The National System of Information for Sustainable Rural Development will integrate efforts in the field with participation from:
I. Public institutions that generate information relevant to the industry;
II. Public education institutions that develop activities in the field;
III. Private research and education institutions that develop activities in the field;
IV. The National Council of Science and Technology;
V. The National System of Researchers for the corresponding;
VI. International cooperation bodies for agricultural and agro-industrial research and technological development;
VII. National and international companies generating agricultural technology;
VIII. Organizations and individuals, national and international, dedicated to agricultural research;
IX. The Mexican Council; and
X. Other participants that the Intersecretarial Commission considers necessary, to meet the purposes of promoting rural production.
Article 136.- It will be the responsibility of the Intersecretarial Commission to coordinate efforts and to collect and systematize information from the agencies and entities from the federal, state and municipal governments that integrate the National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development, considering the information from the following topics:
I. Municipal, regional and state agricultural marketing;
II. Agricultural studies;
III. National agricultural marketing;
IV. International trade information;
V. Climate information, natural resources, natural protected areas, and hydraulics;
VI. Information regarding the general public sector;
VII. Information about organizations and institutions in the social or private sectors and other actors in rural society;
VIII. The official systems of record on technology, technical services and management; and
IX. Information about cooperation mechanisms with international public institutions and institutions.
Article 137.- The National Sustainable Rural Development Information System will be available for consultation to the general public in all the offices of the institutions that integrate the System in the entities and in the Rural Development Districts, as well as by electronic means and appropriate publications.
The National Information System for Sustainable Rural Development will disseminate information at national, state, municipal, regional and local levels. Rural Development Districts, relying on the institutional infrastructure of the federal, state and municipal governments and the agencies that make up the system for dissemination.
The Secretariat shall establish in each rural development district an information unit to ensure public access to all stakeholders.
Article 138.- Information that is integrated is considered to be in the public interest and is the responsibility of the State. To this end, it will integrate a basic information package for producers and other agents in the rural sector, enabling them to strengthen their autonomy in decision-making.
Article 139.- For the impulse of the structural change of sustainable rural development, productive reconversion, the implementation of the institutional programs and the linkage with the markets, the Secretariat in coordination with the agencies and entities of the federal, state and municipal governments that converge for the effect, will define a regionalization, considering the main socio-economic, cultural, agronomics, infrastructure and services, availability and quality of their natural and productive resources.
Regionalisation shall comprise the geographical areas of the Rural Development districts covering one or more districts or municipalities as the case may be, within the territory of each Federative Entity, and may comprise a delimitation beyond an entity under the agreement of the government of the states of the federation and municipalities involved.
Article 140.- The Federal Government, in coordination with the agencies and entities of the governments of the federal and municipal entities that convergen for the implementation of this Law, it will establish a single register of organizations and subjects beneficiaries of the rural sector, through the Single Key of the Population Register (C.U.R.P.) and, where appropriate, for the moral people, with the key of the Federal Taxpayer Registry (R.F.C.). This register must be updated every year and must be included in the framework for the operation of the programmes and instruments of promotion established by this Law.
Article 141.- The Federal Government will draw up the list of technologies, service providers, agri-food companies, and distributors. inputs related to the rural sector, as well as a catalogue of rural researchers and research in progress and their results, in accordance with Articles 39 and 50.
Article 142.- The Secretariat in coordination with the agencies and entities of the federal, state and municipal governments that converge for the It will provide the various actors in rural society with support for their inclusion in the single register of organisations and subjects benefiting from the rural sector, in accordance with the previous article.
CHAPTER XIV
From the Economic Organization and Product Systems
Article 143.- The Federal Government, through coordination mechanisms, with the governments of the federal entities and the municipalities, promote and promote the development of social capital in rural areas from the impetus of the association and the economic and social organization of producers and other actors in rural society, who will have the right to be free to join, voluntary and democratically, seeking the promotion and articulation of the production-consumption chains to achieve an efficient and equitable link between the agents of sustainable rural development. The above, giving priority to the economically and socially weaker population sectors and their organizations, through:
I. Enabling rural society organizations to train and disseminate official programs and other policy instruments for the field;
II. Training of technical and managerial cadres;
III. Promotion of productive and social organization in all orders of rural society;
IV. Constitution of associative figures for sustainable rural production and development;
V. Institutional strengthening of productive and social organizations;
VI. Promoting the lifting of the capacity for dialogue, management and negotiation of rural sector organizations; and
VII. Those to be determined by the Intersecretarial Commission with the participation of the Mexican Council.
Article 144.- The economic and social organization and association in rural areas, both in the private and social sectors, will have the following priorities:
I. The involvement of rural society actors in the formulation, design and implementation of rural development policies;
II. The establishment of mechanisms for concertation and consensus between rural society and the orders of the Federal, State and municipal;
III. The strengthening of the capacity for self-management, negotiation and access of producers to the markets, to the processes of value aggregation, supports and subsidies and economic and productive information;
IV. The promotion and articulation of production-consumption chains, to achieve an efficient and equitable linkage of production between economic operators participating in them;
V. The reduction of intermediation costs, as well as promoting access to services, product sales and input procurement;
VI. The increase in the coverage and quality of the productive, labor, technological, business and agricultural training processes, which stimulates and supports producers in the rural development process, promoting the diversification of economic activities, the constitution and consolidation of rural enterprises and the generation of jobs;
VII. The impetus to the integration or compaction of rural production units, through programs of: productive reconversion, regrouping of (
) the provisions of the Treaty on the European Union and of the European Union;
VIII. The promotion, through the participation and commitment of social and economic organizations, of the best use and destination of natural resources to preserve and improve the environment and meet the sustainability criteria provided for in this Law; and
IX. The strengthening of family productive units and working groups of rural women and youth.
Article 145.- They are recognized as legal forms of economic and social organization, those regulated by the Agrarian Law; those that are regulated in the laws federal, state and Federal District, whatever their subject matter.
Article 146.- The members of the ejido communities and the small rural owners in poverty, who are considered to be members of economic and social organizations for the purposes of this Law, will be subject to priority attention of the support programs provided for in the terms of this Law.
For the purposes of the Planning Act, the Secretariat shall promote the participation of the organizations referred to in this Chapter, in the corresponding actions at national, state, municipal and district level of Rural Development.
Article 147.- The Intersecretarial Commission will establish the National Agricultural Registry Service, which organizations will be entitled to referring to this Chapter. The registration will generate effects of public faith, for the aspects regulated by this Law, those considered in the Law of Livestock Organizations and other applicable ordinances.
Article 148.- The Federal Government will support and promote the constitution, operation and consolidation of social and private sector organizations to participate in the economic activities, productive projects and social development of the rural environment, for which it will include the corresponding specific budget forecasts in the Federation's Government Budget.
The above supports shall be subject to the following provisions:
I. To be granted to organizations that are in place and operating, in accordance with applicable law;
II. They will be awarded on the basis of the activities programs in their productive and social development projects, evaluated by the government which corresponds; and
III. The organisations in their different orders shall present, in order to be supported, specific needs and programmes of activities in the field of promoting the association of producers, training of technical tables, strategic studies and strengthening and institutional consolidation of the organization, among others.
Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will formulate the rules of operation for the granting of the support, the publish, issue the public call to the organisations concerned and subsequently publish the results of the call.
Article 149.- The Intersecretarial Commission will promote the organization and integration of Sistemas-Producto, as committees of the Mexican Council, with the Participation of agricultural, agro-industrial and commercial producers and their organizations, which shall be the subject of:
I. Concerting the country's agricultural production programs;
II. Set strategic expansion and expansion plans for the volumes and quality of each product according to market trends and the conditions of the country;
III. Establish strategic alliances and agreements for the integration of the production chains of each system;
IV. Establish the measures and agreements for the definition of rules and procedures applicable in commercial transactions and the conclusion of contracts without physical inventory management;
V. Participate in the definition of import tariffs, quotas, and modes; and
VI. Generate mechanisms for concertation between primary, industrial producers and different government orders to define the characteristics and quantities of the products, prices, forms of payment and support of the State.
The System-Product Committees will constitute mechanisms for planning, communication and permanent consultation between the economic actors that are part of the the production chains.
The Intersecretarial Commission will promote the operation of the Product-Products for the concertation of agro-industrial and development programs and expansion of markets.
Through the Sistema-Producto Committees, the Federal Government will promote modalities of production by contract and strategic partnerships, through the development and adoption, by the participants, of terms of recruitment and agreements in accordance with standards of quality standards and reference contributions.
Article 150.- A National System-Product Committee will be established for each basic or strategic product, which will take the Mexican Council agreements taken in your breast.
For each System-Product a single National Committee shall be integrated, with a representative of the institution responsible for the corresponding Product-System, who will chair him with the representatives of the public institutions responsible for the matter; with representatives of the producer organisations; with representatives of the industrial and service chambers who are directly involved in the the production-consumption chain and the other representatives which, in accordance with its rules of procedure, establish the members of the Committee.
The Sistema-Producto committees will be represented in the Mexican Council by its president and a non-governmental member elected by the Committee for such purpose.
Article 151.- The creation of the Regional System-Product Committees will be promoted, the central objective of which is to plan and organize the production, to promote the improvement of production, productivity and profitability in the regional field, in accordance with the provisions of the State programs and the Sistema-Producto Nacional agreements.
Article 152.- The System-Product in agreement with its members may agree to the establishment of measures that, within the norms in force, are applicable for the best development of the productive chains in which they participate.
Article 153.- The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will establish guidelines for the National Program of Promotion of the Economic Organisation of the Rural Sector.
CHAPTER XV
From Social Welfare and Priority Care to Marginalization Zones
Article 154.- The Federal Government's programs, will promote a proper integration of social welfare factors such as health, social security, education, food, housing, gender equity, care for young people, elderly people, vulnerable groups, agricultural and migrant workers, indigenous peoples ' rights, culture and recreation; same that should be applied with equity criteria.
For the development of these programs, the Federal Executive by means of agreements with the governments of the federal entities and through these with the (a) to promote social solidarity, mutualism and cooperation, and to promote the special programme, jointly with the social organization, to help overcome poverty, promote social solidarity, mutual societies and cooperation. For the purposes of the said programme, in an enunciative and non-restrictive manner, in accordance with the constitutional provisions and applicable law, the following guidelines shall be followed:
I. The municipal authorities will draw up, with the periodicity of the case, their catalogue of local and regional needs on education, integrating, through the Municipal Council, their proposals to the higher decision-making bodies. Local bodies will present special educational projects.
Projects for the attention of marginalised groups, through mobile brigades, concentration schools, boarding schools and regional hostels, or any other forms of formal and non-formal educational care will be in accordance with the temporal circumstances and the circumstances of their environment, and will respond to criteria for regionalization of the rural environment, their demographic characteristics and conditions environmental, as social.
In the same way, extracurricular programs will be used to give special impetus to civic education, the culture of legality and effective combat of illegality and organized crime in rural areas.
II. The food, nutrition and school-breakfast programs applied by the Federal Executive will have as a priority to care for the most needy population, while organizing the beneficiaries themselves for production, preparation and distribution of such services.
Municipal Councils, will participate in the detection of health prophylaxis needs, mobile brigades for the systematic attention of endemisas and Possible actions against epidemics, integrating the region's package; establishing priorities for regional rural clinics, for inclusion in the Special Program.
III. The Federal Executive will create the National Rural Housing Fund to encourage and finance actions to reduce the housing deficit in the countryside.
This fund will be allocated to finance the construction, expansion and improvement of housing in rural areas, as well as its equipment and the construction of public services, giving priority to the use of regional materials and appropriate technologies, the development of programs that generate employment, and complement agricultural activity.
Special attention should be given by the Federal Executive to the support of the ejido real estate and the creation of territorial reserves of medium cities and metropolitan areas.
IV. For the attention of vulnerable groups linked to the agricultural sector, specifically ethnicities, young people, women, day laborers and the disabled, with or without land, programs focused on their own problems will be formulated and implemented. opportunities for overcoming, through economic activities, by bringing together the instruments to boost productivity with those of a caring nature and with the provision of basic infrastructure in charge of the competent agencies, as well as temporary employment programmes which tend to be based on the seasonality of income peasant families.
V. Without prejudice to individual freedom, the Sustainable Rural Development Councils, according to their respective competences, will contribute to actions to promote population policies in rural areas, which are implemented by the health authorities and education.
It will be within its sphere of responsibility, monitor and confirm that the family planning programs that are carried out in its territorial demarcation and The European Council, the European Parliament, the Committee of the European People's Europe, the European Parliament, the European Parliament, the European Parliament, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, and the Committee of the European People's Finally, the Commission has been able to make the most of the the living conditions of the population.
VI. Rural communities in general, and especially those whose location presents the catalogue of eventualities located in the high-risk range, must have direct representation and participation in the Municipal Protection Units. Civil to give impetus to civil protection programs for the prevention, relief, recovery and support of the rural population in disaster situations; the same as to project and carry out the integration and training of voluntary groups.
Article 155.- Under the Special Program, the State will promote support with priority to vulnerable groups in the regions of high and very high marginalization characterized by their conditions of extreme poverty. Being the subject of these supports does not limit producers ' access to the other programs that are part of the Special Program.
Article 156.- In the framework of the provisions laid down in the Federal Labor Law and the Social Security Law, economic organizations The Social Security Institute will be able to provide social security for its members through the voluntary incorporation agreements they will hold with the Mexican Social Security Institute, which will promote incorporation programs for the population in extreme poverty within the social solidarity regime.
Article 157.- The Mexican Social Security Institute will formulate permanent programs for the incorporation of indigenous agricultural workers, temporary producers of areas of high marginality and all those peasant families whose economic status is found in extreme poverty, to which the Social Security Law recognizes as rights holders of their services within the social solidarity.
Article 158.- In the case of the compulsory regime for salaried workers, the Federal Labor Law and the Law of Law of Social Security.
Article 159.- In compliance with what this Law mandates, priority attention to the producers and communities of the highest municipalities marginalisation, will have a productive approach geared towards social justice and equity, and respectful of the cultural values, uses and customs of the inhabitants of these areas.
the Special Concurrent Programme under the provisions of Article 15 of this Law will take into account the distinctive multi-activity of the economy In order to promote the diversification of their activities, the employment and the reduction of the transaction costs that mediate between the producers of these regions and the markets.
Article 160.- The Intersecretarial Commission, based on indicators and criteria to be established for this purpose, with the participation of the Council Mexican and the governments of the federal entities, will define the regions of priority attention for rural development, which as such will be the object of preferential consideration of the programs of the federal public administration in agreement with the Special Program.
Article 161.- Programs to be formulated by the Federal Government for the promotion of priority care areas will be provided instruments oriented, inter alia, for the following purposes:
I. Drive productivity by accessing assets, such as inputs, equipment, implements, and livestock species;
II. Grant support to increase the productive heritage of families that increase the efficiency of human work;
III. Increase access to appropriate productive technologies to the agro-ecological and socioeconomic conditions of the units, through support to the technology transfer and adaptation;
IV. Contribute to increased productivity of the resources available in particular from social and human capital, through training, including non-agricultural labor, extension, in particular the necessary for the integral and sustainable management of productive units and comprehensive technical assistance;
V. Improving the diet and the family economy, through support for the increase and diversification of the production of backyard and self-consumption;
VI. Support the establishment and development of rural enterprises to integrate processes of industrialization, which allow the value added to the products;
VII. Improve the articulation of the production-consumption chain and diversify revenue sources;
VIII. Promote economic diversification with non-agricultural activities and opportunities of a manufacturing and service nature;
IX. The strengthening of rural social institutions, fundamentally those aimed at cooperation and partnership for purposes productive;
X. agile and timely access to financial, input, product, labor, and service markets;
XI. Promote the sustainable use of natural resources for collective use; and
XII. The production and development of markets for non-traditional products.
Article 162.- For the attention of vulnerable groups linked to the rural sector, specifically ethnicities, youth, women, day laborers, adults The Commission has also been able to make a number of proposals for the implementation of the programme for the future of the European Union and the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. provision of basic infrastructure, as well as with employment programmes temporary to address the seasonality of the income of peasant families, in the terms of the Special Program.
Article 163.- The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will propose special programs for the defense of the human rights and support for the migrant population, as well as measures aimed at their roots in their place of origin.
CHAPTER XVI
Of The Sustainability of Rural Production
Article 164.- Sustainability will be a guiding criterion in the promotion of productive activities, in order to achieve the rational use of resources natural, its preservation and improvement, as well as the economic viability of production through socially acceptable production processes.
Those who make productive use of the land must select techniques and crops that guarantee the conservation or increase of the productivity, agreement with the suitability of the land and the socio-economic conditions of the producers. In the case of the use of grazing land, the official recommendations on animal load or, where appropriate, justifying a larger allocation of livestock should be observed.
Article 165.- In accordance with the provisions of the previous article, the federal, state and municipal governments, when they so agree, promote the use of the most relevant soil according to its characteristics and productive potential, as well as the production processes best suited to the conservation and improvement of land and water.
Article 166.- The Intersecretarial Commission, through the competent agencies and with the participation of the Mexican Council, will establish the Regulation and promotion measures conducive to the allocation of the appropriate livestock load to the capacity of grazing land and the increase in their condition, in accordance with the available technology and the respective technical recommendations.
Article 167.- Productive promotion programs will address the objective of reducing the risks generated by the use of fire and the emission of pollutants, offering alternative producers of production of greater productive potential and economic and ecological profitability.
Article 168.- The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will promote a program aimed at the formation of a culture Water care.
The programs for irrigation technology that will be carried out by different government orders will give priority attention to the regions in which record over-exploitation of underground water resources or water quality degradation, in line with the commitments of organisations and producers to adjust the exploitation of resources in terms of ensuring the sustainability of production.
Article 169.- The Federal Government, through the promotion programmes, will stimulate the producers of goods and services for the adoption of production technologies that optimize the use of water and energy and increase sustainable productivity, through the contracts provided for in Article 53 of this Law.
Article 170.- The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will determine areas of productive reconversion that will have to to address as a matter of priority, where the fragility, degradation or overuse of natural resources so warrants.
Article 171.- The Federal Government, in coordination with the governments of the federal and municipal entities, will give priority to the producers of the conversion zones, and especially those located in the upper reaches of the basins, in order to carry out the transformation of their productive activities based on the optimal use of soil and water, through practices agricultural, livestock and forestry, which will ensure a sustainable production, as well as the reduction of casualties, loss of human lives and natural disasters.
Article 172.- Production promotion policy and programs will primarily address the sustainability criteria in relation to the use of resources, adjusting market opportunities, taking into account the approaches of producers in terms of the acceptance of practices and technologies for production.
In accordance with the provisions of the Forestry Law, the Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources will establish procedures to identify fragile and preferentially forested lands, where state support and actions will be aimed at the selection of crops and sustainable land management techniques, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 53 and 57 of this Law.
Article 173.- Attention to the sustainability criterion, the State will promote the restructuring of rural production units in the framework provided for by the agricultural legislation, in order to allow the size of the resulting production units to enable profitable exploitation through the use of productive techniques suitable for the conservation and use of natural resources, as to the suitability of the soil and to market considerations.
Rural owners who choose to conduct the restructuring of land ownership and additionally participate in the programs of rural development, will receive as a priority the supports provided for in this Law within the respective programs.
Article 174.- In the processes of restructuring the productive units that are promoted in compliance with the provisions of this Chapter, (a) the determination of the agricultural structures and the rights of preference and the rights of preference, in the normativity of human settlements, ecological balance and in general in general, must be addressed. all applicable.
Article 175.- The ejidatarios, comuneros, indigenous peoples, owners or owners of the pregod and other population that detents or abides by protected natural areas in any of their categories, will have priority to obtain permits, authorizations and concessions to develop works or economic activities in the terms of the General Law of Ecological Balance and the Protection of the Environment, of the General Law of Wildlife, of the rules Mexican officers and other applicable orders.
The Federal Government will provide technical and legal advice for stakeholders to formulate their projects and have access to government support.
Article 176.- The agrarian nuclei, indigenous peoples and owners will be able to carry out the actions that are admitted in the terms of the This Law, the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection, the General Wildlife Law and all applicable regulations on the use, extraction, exploitation and appropriation of biodiversity and resources genetic.
The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will establish the necessary measures to guarantee the integrity of the national biodiversity, including organisms generated under natural conditions and under cultivation by producers, as well as the defense of the intellectual property rights of indigenous and peasant communities.
Article 177.- Contracts for the effects of care and the protection of nature, in the terms of the General Law of Balance Ecological and Environmental Protection and the General Wildlife Law will require authorization from the Environment and Natural Resources Secretariat to have legal validity.
CHAPTER XVII
Food Security and Sovereignty
Article 178.- The State will establish measures to procure the supply of food and basic and strategic products to the population, promoting their access to less-favoured social groups and giving priority to national production.
Article 179.- Basic and strategic products shall be considered, with the provisos, additions and modalities to be determined year by year or in a manner extraordinary, the Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council and the Committees of the corresponding Product-Products, the following:
I. maize;
II. Sugar cane;
III. bean;
IV. wheat;
V. rice;
VI. sorghum;
VII. coffee;
VIII. egg;
IX. milk;
X. meat of bovine animals, swine, birds; and
XI. fish.
Article 180.- The Federal Government, in accordance with the provisions of Article 110 of this Law, will have to conduct its agricultural policy in order to the programs and actions for the productive promotion and sustainable rural development, as well as international agreements and treaties conducive to food safety, security and food sovereignty, through the production and supply of products mentioned in the previous article.
Article 181.- The Lntersecretarial Commission, with the active participation of the Mexican, state and regional councils, and other agents and subjects Participants in sustainable rural development will be responsible for assessing compliance with the provisions of the previous article of this Law.
Article 182.- The actions for food sovereignty and security should cover all producers and agents, driving the integration of production chains of food.
Article 183.- To meet the requirements of food security and sovereignty, the Federal Government will boost in the production areas lines of action in the following aspects:
I. The identification of the internal demand for consumption of basic and strategic products, and from this drive the programs of the sector for to cover the demand and to determine the possible surpluses for export, as well as the import needs;
II. The identification of risk factors associated with food, for the development of diagnostics to establish actions in field or commercial to secure the supply;
III. The definition of training and technical assistance actions, and the promotion of research projects in food chains;
IV. The impulse of actions to improve and certify the quality of food and to develop its commercial promotion;
V. The establishment of productivity and quality commitments by producers, depending on the type of products in question, be those of the basic diet or those destined for the international market;
VI. The development and dissemination of guidelines on sustainable practices in the different stages of agri-food chains;
VII. The implementation of environmental protection programs and actions for the assessment of environmental costs arising from the productive activities of the sector; and
VIII. The application of economic, financial and commercial certainty measures that ensure the fulfillment of the productive programs agri-food referred to in Article 180.
CHAPTER XVIII
From the National Service of Arbitration for Products, which are supported by the Rural Society
Article 184.- The Intersecretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will promote the National Arbitration Service in the Sector Rural, which will have as its object to resolve the disputes that arise, giving certainty and confidence to the parties regarding the transactions along the productive and market chains, in matter of quality, quantity and opportunity of the products on the market; financial services; technical services; equipment; technology and production goods.
Article 185.- The National Service of Arbitration for Rural Sector will operate with the regulations that the Federal Government will formulate with the participation of economic organizations and agents and support in the ruling, from the competent academic institutions of the country; and will have the following purposes:
I. Promote among producers in the social and private sectors, a voluntary arbitration system for dispute settlement and trade rules for products from the field, on the domestic and international market and for technical and financial services and production goods;
II. Act as a mediator, to transmit and exchange proposals between two or more parties and to advise on the celebration or adjustment of any contract or agreement of a commercial nature related to the rural sector;
III. Act as arbitrator and mediator, at the request of the parties, in the settlement of disputes arising from acts, contracts, conventions of nature market within the rural area, as well as those between suppliers, exporters, importers and consumers, in accordance with the laws of the field;
IV. To legally advise the participants in the Product-Product, in the own activities of the trade and to resolve at the request of the parties disputes arising as a result of transactions conducted along the production and post-harvest chains;
V. Promote the creation of arbitration units to be accredited under the Federal Law on Metrology and Standardisation; and
VI. The others that determine their rules.
Article 186.- The Intersecretarial Commission will support the National Arbitration Service of the Rural Sector for its coverage to the regions with greater service needs and will grant the approval of the arbitration units in the terms of the regulatory framework of the service and in accordance with the Federal Law on Metrology and Standardisation. Permanent meetings of arbitration may also be established for System-Product in particular, provided that the expenses incurred are contributed by the interveners in the production chain.
The Intersecretarial Commission, through the appropriate instance as the case may be, will provide the arbitration service for cases or products specific, by means of agreements to be issued by the holder of the class.
TITLE FOURTH
OF ECONOMIC SUPPORTS
Article 187.- The Inter-secretarial Commission, with the participation of the Mexican Council, will propose the allocation of fiscal stimulus to the production, conversion, industrialization and investment to be carried out in rural areas within the framework of the provisions of this Law and the applicable regulations.
Article 188.- The economic supports provided by the three government orders will be subject to the criteria of generality, temporality and protection of public finances, as referred to in Article 28 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States for the granting of subsidies, as well as the commitments made by the Mexican Government in the subscription of international conventions and treaties.
The programs to be formulated by the Secretariat and other agencies of the Federal Executive Branch, as well as those agreed between it and the other government orders They will be able to achieve sustainable rural development, define support schemes, transfers and incentives for the promotion of agricultural and non-agricultural activities, whose objectives will be to strengthen internal production and the balance of Food trade, raw materials, products (a) to promote the structural adjustments to the production chains and to reduce the conditions of inequality for agricultural, forestry and fisheries producers, and other subjects of rural society, as well as achieving its profitability and competitiveness in the context of economic globalization.
The various programs and instruments that are required to comply with the guidelines defined in Article 22 of this Law, will be provided of the Draft Budget of the Federation. The regulations for the operation of these programs will be proposed by the Intersecretarial Commission, through the Secretariat and other agencies that participate in the promotion of agriculture and sustainable rural development.
Article 189.- The projects of the Eglès Budget to be formulated by the Federal Executive shall be consistent, as provided for in Article 40 of the the Law of Planning, with the objectives, goals and priorities established in the National Development Plan, the correlated Sectoral Programs and the Special Program, defined for the short and medium term. These projects and instruments, at the initiative of the Federal Executive, will take into account the need to coordinate the actions of the various agencies and federal entities to promote sustainable rural development.
Article 190.- For the purposes of the foregoing Article, and in accordance with Articles 24 and 25 of the Federal Budget Law and Responsibility for the budget, the budget forecasts may include the following items:
I. Support for the acquisition of private assets for investment and inputs in the units of own producers and temporary employment payments applied to the improvement of their assets; supports for forest and plantation development; and, direct support to the field, in terms of the programs and according to the provisions of this Law;
II. Supports marketing and financing for eligible crops with marketing problems, risk coverage; for granting credit for development banking and other funds; for agricultural insurance; and support funds for social enterprises and regional government and non-governmental funds for combating poverty;
III. Provision of productive public assets, including basic and hydroagricultural infrastructure, electrification and rural roads; reforestation; soil conservation; watershed rehabilitation; as well as for research and technology transfer, technical assistance and agricultural health programs;
IV. Support producers in arid areas, areas of marginalization and reconversion, as well as those affected by climate contingencies; and
V. The economic stimuli that are granted to rural producers who develop their activities with conservation and preservation technology natural resources.
Article 191.- The support given to producers in compliance with the provisions of this order, will boost productivity and development of agricultural activities and the creation and consolidation of rural enterprises, in order to strengthen the income of the producers, the generation of jobs and the competitiveness of the sector.
The granting of support to producers will observe the following criteria:
I. The certainty of its temporality subject to the operating rules that are determined for the different programs and instruments by the dependencies of the Federal Government;
II. Your contribution to compensate for regional and international imbalances, derived from asymmetric relationships in productive structures or of markets where domestic production is affected by unequal competition resulting from trade agreements with the outside or by domestic policies;
III. Precision as to its generalized or differentiated nature by type of producer, geographical location and socio-economic level of the beneficiary;
IV. Preferential attention to demand, considering the necessary induction to drive the proposed change in the framework of national planning development;
V. The concurrence of federal, state and municipal resources and the beneficiaries themselves, in order to ensure the co-responsibility between the State and society and multiply the effect of public spending;
VI. Transparency; by spreading the rules for their access and publishing the amounts and type of support per beneficiary;
VII. Evaluation and feasibility according to its economic and social impact, the efficiency in its administration and the relevance of the rules for its granting; and
VIII. The responsibility of the producers and the institutions regarding the use of the supports, according to the destination of the supports and the rules for granting them.
TRANSIENT
FIRST. This Law shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the Federation.
SECOND. All provisions that are opposed to this order shall be repealed.
THIRD. The Rural Development Districts Act is repealed, published in the Official Journal of the Federation on January 28, 1988.
FOURTH. The Law on Agricultural Promotion published in the Official Journal of the Federation is opened on January 2, 1981. The Shared Risk Trust will maintain its structure and functions in the terms of the current provisions, its constitutive rules and those established by this system.
QUINTO. The Rural Development Law, approved by the Honorable Congress of the Union on December 27, 2000, sent to the Federal Executive for promulgation and publication, is left without effect.
SIXTH. The Federal Executive will issue within six months of the entry into force of this Law, the regulations that prevent this normative body and the other necessary administrative provisions. It shall also establish the appropriate organic, structural and functional character adjustments.
SEVENTH. The constitution of the Mexican Council for Sustainable Rural Development and the integration of the Intersecretarial Commission for the Sustainable Rural Development, will have a period of six months from the publication of this Law in the Official Journal of the Federation.
EIGHTH. The constitution of the Sistema-Producto committees, will have a period of six months from the publication of this Law, in the Official Journal of the Federation.
NINTH. The constitution of the systems and services provided for in this Law, will have a period of six months from the publication of this Law, in the Official Journal of the Federation.
DECIMAL. The President of the Republic has six months from the entry into force of this Law, to formulate and publish the Special Program for Sustainable Rural Development corresponding to the period that concludes with the constitutional mandate of the current federal administration.
Mexico, D. F., as at 13 November 2001.-Dip. Beatriz Elena Paredes Rangel, President.-Sen. Diego Fernandez de Cevallos Ramos, President.-Dip. Martha Silvia Sánchez González, Secretary.-Sen. Maria Lucero Saldana Perez, Secretary.-Rubicas".
In compliance with the provisions of Part I of Article 89 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, and for its proper publication and observance, I request the present Decree in the Federal Executive Branch, in Mexico City, Federal District, at the three days of the month of December of two thousand one.- Vicente Fox Quesada.-Heading.-The Secretary of Government, Santiago Creel Miranda.-Heading.
