The Saeima has adopted and the President promulgated the following laws: the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change, article 1. The United Nations on 9 May 1992, the framework Convention on climate change (hereinafter referred to as the Convention) with this law is accepted and approved. 2. article. The law shall enter into force on the date of its promulgation. To put for by law this law referred to in article 1 of the Convention and its translation into Latvian language attachment. 3. article. The Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia on the basis of this law asks the Convention requirements the Government coordinating authority. 4. article. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia on the basis of this law and in accordance with article 22 of the Convention, prepare and forward to the ratification of the articles of the United Nations Secretary-General. 5. article. The Convention shall enter into force on its article 23 within the time and in order. The law adopted in 1995 the Saeima on 23 February. The President g. Ulmanis in Riga on 9 March 1995, of the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change, the Contracting Parties to this Convention, being aware that the Earth's climate and its adverse effects are a common concern of mankind, expressing concern about the fact that human activity is significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and that this increase amplifies the natural greenhouse effect, and that the universe will cause the Earth's surface and the atmosphere further warming that may be adversely affect natural ecosystems and mankind, given that most ancient and current greenhouse gas emissions arise from developed countries that emissions per capita in developing countries is still relatively small but developing country emissions will increase globally to meet these countries ' social and development needs, recognizing its greenhouse gas sinks and storage role and importance of terrestrial and marine ecosystems given that forecasts of climate change is a lot of confusion, especially with regard to their distribution, magnitude and areas, acknowledging that the global nature of climate change calls for all States to the widest possible cooperation and participation in an effective and appropriate international response, in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities, respective capabilities and each country's social and economic circumstances, recalling the United Nations Conference on cilvēkvid on June 16, 1972 in Stockholm adopted declarations relevant conditions Recalling also that, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and international law, the sovereign right of countries to use their resources according to national environmental and developmental policies and the responsibility to ensure that no measures under its jurisdiction or control limits does not harm the environment in other States or in areas beyond national jurisdiction, reaffirming the principle of sovereignty of States, international cooperation in addressing climate change, recognising that States should adopt effective environmental standards and management objectives that the urgent tasks should reflect the environmental and developmental patterns, for whom they are intended, and that in some countries the existing standards could be inappropriate and cause unwarranted economic and social harm to other States, particularly developing countries, recalling the conditions recorded in the United Nations Conference on environment and development in the General Assembly of 22 December 1989 resolution 44/228 as well as 6 December 1988 resolution 43/53, 22 December 1989 resolution 44/207 of 21 December 1990 resolution 45/212, and 19 December 1991 resolution 46/169 on the worldwide climate protection of mankind's current and future generations, recalling the conditions recorded in the relevant General Assembly resolutions of 1989, 44/206 on sea level rise potential harmful effects on islands and coastal areas especially the coastal lowlands and the General Assembly on 19 December 1989 resolution 44/172 on the implementation of a programme to combat desertification, recalling also the 1985 Vienna Convention for the protection of the ozone layer and the 1987 and 1990 29 June, corrected and supplemented by the Montreal Protocol on ozone depleting substances, following the second World Climate Conference 1990 November 7 adopted a declaration, bearing in mind the invaluable research what many countries do, climate change and the global meteorological service, the United Nations Environment Programme and other United Nations system bodies, organizations and agencies, as well as other international and transnational institutions are an important contribution to the exchange of the results of scientific research and research coordination, recognizing that climate change awareness and prevention of the consequences of the environmental, social and economic aspects, will be more effective if they are based on relevant scientific , technical and economic considerations and will be constantly revised in accordance with the latest breakthroughs in these areas, recognizing that the various measures aimed at the prevention of the consequences of climate change, can themselves be economically justified and can help solve other problems relating to the environment, recognizing also the need for developing countries immediately as a first step, based on the clear urgent tasks, start to act effectively, sensible strategies toward global , national and, where appropriate, regional level, taking into account all greenhouse gases and, seriously considering their respective role in the greenhouse effect increase, recognizing that low-lying and addition of other small island countries, countries with low-lying coastal areas, arid and semi-arid areas or areas threatened by flooding, droughts and desertification, and developing countries with fragile mountainous ecosystems especially adverse effects of climate change Recognizing that such countries, especially developing countries, whose economies are particularly dependent on fossil fuel production, use and export, have particular difficulties related to greenhouse gas emission limitation effect, stating that countermeasures climate change integration path must be adapted to the social and economic development processes, trying to avoid them any loss, and fully taking into account the developing countries ' legitimate vital needs to achieve sustainable economic growth and the eradication of poverty, recognizing that all countries, especially developing countries, need to use the resources as required by the sustainable social and economic development, and for developing countries to move towards this goal, their energy consumption to grow in an effort to achieve the greatest possible energy efficiency and controlling the total greenhouse gas emissions in General, including the use of new technologies to such terms that it makes economic and social benefit, determined to protect the climate system for present and future generations, have agreed as follows: article 1 definitions for the purposes of this Convention: 1. "the adverse effects of climate change" means changes in the physical environment or climate change, which significantly adverse effects on natural and managed ecosystems, the viability or productivity or social-economic systems or on human health and well-being. 2. "climate change" means to human activity directly or indirectly attributable to climate change, which changes the Earth's atmospheric composition and which, in addition to natural climate changes observed in certain time periods. 3. "climate system" means the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere as a whole and their mutual influence. 4. the "dump" means greenhouse gases and/or their precursors into the atmosphere retention a given area and time. 5. "greenhouse gas" means those gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation. 6. "regional economic integration organization" means an organization which established the sovereign countries of the region and which has jurisdiction in respect of the matters governed by this Convention or its protocols, and in accordance with its internal rules is duly authorised to sign, ratify, accept and approve the documents, or join them. 7. "storage" means the components of the climate system or components, which accumulated greenhouse gas or its predecessor. 8. "sink" means any process, activity or mechanism which removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. 9. "source" means any process or activity which emits greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas into the atmosphere. Article 2 the objective of this Convention and any related legal document that can be accepted by the Conference of the parties, the destination is achieved in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention of the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved, which is sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, and to provide organic food production and sustainable economic development. Article 3 principles in order to achieve the objectives laid down in this Convention and to implement its provisions, the Contracting Parties shall, inter alia, take into account in its action under the following principles. 1. The Contracting Parties should protect the climate system for present and future generations, based on the principles of equality in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Therefore, the Contracting Parties-developed countries-to take the lead on climate change and its adverse effects. 2. carefully consider all aspects specific to the needs and specific circumstances the Contracting Parties-developing countries, especially those that are particularly sensitive to climate change, adverse effects and those Contracting Parties, especially developing countries, to which the rest under this Convention for disproportionately high or abnormal load. 3. The Contracting Parties shall take precautions to anticipate and prevent or counteract the causes of climate change and mitigate their adverse effects. In regions where there is a serious or irreversible damage, the threat of a complete lack of scientific evidence could not be used as an excuse for postponing action, given that the climate change problem resolution policy and measures should be cost-effective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible price. To achieve this objective, developing a political program and action plan must take into account the different socio-economic conditions; they must be prudent, should include all major greenhouse gas sources, sinks and reservoirs for adaptation and cover all sectors. The Contracting Parties may kooperēt to taking measures against the harmful effects of climate change. 4. the Contracting Parties shall have the right and the duty to contribute to sustainable development. Measures to protect the climate system against man-made changes to match each Contracting Party's specific circumstances, should be linked to national development programmes, noting that the country's economic development is of significant importance for the climate change effect of the fighting. 5. The Contracting Parties shall cooperate to promote the formation of open economic system on the principles of mutual assistance, which create sustainable economic growth and development in all the countries which are Contracting Parties to the Convention, in particular to developing countries, thus enabling them to more effectively tackle climate change. Also the unilateral measures taken to tackle climate change, must not contain a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade. Article 4 obligations 1. all the Contracting Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development needs, tasks and conditions: (a) develop, periodically update, publish and in accordance with article 12 of the make available to the Conference of the parties in the country, due to the findings with respect to the Montreal Protocol does not include greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic sources and sinks of the bilge by using comparable methodologies for which must be agreed between the Contracting Parties at the Conference; (b) formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes, which include the effects of climate change mitigation measures, working with the Montreal Protocol does not include greenhouse gases of anthropogenic dump from sources and sinks over the bilge and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change; (c) promote the Montreal Protocol does not include greenhouse gas anthropogenic emissions control, reduction or elimination of access and developments in technology, development, application and diffusion, including the introduction, in all sectors, including energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry and waste recycling, and will cooperate in this field; (d) promote the Montreal Protocol does not include greenhouse gas sinks and reservoirs, including biomass, forests and oceans as well as other terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems and the sustainable management, conservation and, if appropriate, optimization, and will cooperate in this field; (e) cooperate in preparing for adaptation to adverse effects of climate change; will create and elaborate appropriate and integrated plans for coastal zone management, water resources and agricultural use, and drought, and desertification, as well as the flood threatened area, especially in Africa, for the protection and recovery; (f) as far as possible, take account of climate change in the social, economic and environmental policies and activities and will apply the appropriate techniques, such as impact assessments, formulated and determined nationally, to reduce the adverse effects of climate change on the economy, public health and environmental quality, determined to realize the projects and measures to mitigate the effects of climate change or facilitate adaptation; (g) promote the scientific, technological, technical, socio-economic and other research and systematic observation, and will create the climate system-related data archive for the climate change the causes, consequences, and time, as well as various economic and social sphere of security measures related to the uncertain issue of understanding and clarification; and will cooperate in this field; (h) promote the full, open and prompt the relevant to the climate system and climate change, as well as with the different economic and social sphere of security measures related to the exchange of scientific, technological, technical, socio-economic and legal information exchange; and will cooperate in this field; (i) promote education, training and public awareness in the field of climate change and encourage the widest layers, including informal organisations, involvement in the process; work in this area; (j) provide the Conference of the parties with information on the implementation of the Convention in accordance with article 12. 2. the Contracting Parties-the developed and other countries covered by Annex I will assume specific obligations for which the talk below: (a) each Contracting Party shall adopt policies and take the valstisko1 commitments for the reduction of exposure to climate change, limiting anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and protecting and enhancing its greenhouse gas sinks and reservoirs. Such policies and measures show that developed countries, in accordance with the objectives set in the Convention to assume control of anthropogenic emissions in the long-term trends shift, recognizing that investing in retrofitting would be a return to past carbon dioxide and other Montreal Protocol does not include greenhouse gas emissions levels by the end of this decade, and, in view of the differences of the parties to the original situation and approach, economic structure and resource base, need to maintain a stable and sustainable economic development , available technologies and other circumstances, as well as the need for each party to give equivalent and appropriate contribution to the global efforts to achieve the goal. These parties may implement such policies and measures jointly with other parties and help them to contribute to the Convention and, in particular, that article apakšparagrāf defines objective. (b) to promote progress in this direction, each Contracting Party within six months from the date of entry into force of the Convention and periodically thereafter, in accordance with article 12, provide you with detailed information about their policies and measures relating to part (a) of this article, as well as on the planned Montreal Protocol does not include greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic sources and the bilge on sinks (a) part of this article discusses the period individually or jointly, to recover their carbon dioxide and other not included in the Montreal Protocol, the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases to 1990 levels. This information will be considered by the Conference of the parties, at its first session and periodically thereafter, in accordance with article 7. (c) in accordance with paragraph (b), in calculating the emissions from sources and removals by sinks should take account of the available scientific information, including the effective capacity of sinks and the respective roles of such gases to climate change. The Conference of the parties will discuss and coordinate such a calculation methodology, at its first session, and periodically review it then. (d) the Conference of the parties at its first session, will review this article (a) and (b) compliance. It will be carried out, taking into account the best available scientific knowledge and climate change and the adverse effects of the evaluation, as well as relevant technical, social and economic information. Based on this review, the Conference of the parties will initiate the appropriate action, which may include (a) of this article and (b) the formulation of the commitments. The Conference of the parties at its first session, adopt a decision concerning this article, (a) in part of the joint implementation of the Convention. The second paragraph (a) and (b) the hearing will take place no later than 31 December 1998, and thereafter at regular intervals to be determined by the Conference of the parties to this Convention, the objective will be achieved. (e) Each of the Contracting Parties: (i) duly coordinate with other Contracting Parties appropriate economic and administrative documents developed to achieve the objective of the Convention; (ii) identify and periodically review its own policies and measures that promote the activities, without which were not included in the Montreal Protocol of the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases; (f) the Conference of the parties no later than the 1998 December 31, will review the information to make decisions about the I and II Annex list of corrections that may be acceptable if the interested party for recognition; (g) any Contracting Party not included in annex I may, in its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession or at any time thereafter, notify the depositary that it intends to associate themselves with this article (a) and (b). The depositary shall inform the other signatories and parties of any such notification. 3. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties, referred to in annex II, will provide new and additional financial resources to cover the agreed full costs, as provided for by the performance of part 1 of article 12 obligations, not nomaksājuš in the developing countries. They will also provide such financial resources, including the transfer of technology, needed for developing countries, Contracting Parties to the agreement to fully cover the rising part 1 of this article, the measures listed in the implementation costs, which in accordance with this article shall be agreed between the developing country and the international community, or the community, listed in article 11. This will take into account obligations fund flows and compliance needs of the plānojamīb and Contracting developed countries applied to the importance of the allocation of the cost. 4. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties, referred to in annex II, will help developing country Parties that are particularly sensitive to climate change, adverse effects, to cover the costs, which will require adaptation to the adverse effects. 5. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties, referred to in annex II, shall take all possible steps to promote, facilitate appropriate and finance environment appropriate technologies and skills, and introduction of other Contracting Parties, especially developing countries, in the territory to enable these countries to implement the Convention. In this process, the developed country Parties in support of developing country Contracting internal resources development and optimization. The other Contracting Parties and organizations that have such capabilities, can help to promote such technologies. 6. The Conference of the parties in accordance with this article, part 2 in the implementation of the commitments will give some freedom referred to in annex I Parties, which are in transition to a market economy, to increase their ability to combat climate change, taking into account the reference point selected in the Montreal Protocol does not include anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases historical level. 7. the limits within which the contractor developing countries effectively implement their obligations under the Convention will depend on financial resources and transfer of technology and will take fully into account that economic and social development and poverty eradication are the first and the developing countries, the most important task. 8. in carrying out the obligations laid down in this article, the Contracting Parties will consider carefully any measures required under the Convention, including actions related to funding, insurance and transfer of technology, to meet the specific needs of developing countries and claims arising from climate change, adverse effects and/or the fight with the side-effects of the implementation of the measures carried out, in particular: (a) small island countries; (b) countries with coastal lowlands; (c) countries with arid and semi-arid areas, forested areas and forested areas to forest decay; (d) countries with areas prone to natural disasters; (e) countries with areas that have a tendency to droughts and desertification; (f) countries with high atmospheric anthropogenic contamination; (g) countries with areas with fragile ecosystems, including mountainous ecosystems; (h) countries whose economies are heavily dependent on fossil fuels and associated energy-intensive products from the production, processing and export, would bring profits and/or consumption; and (i) countries without access to the sea and the transit countries. In addition, the Conference of the parties may take appropriate measures in the light of this paragraph. 9. the Contracting Parties in their actions with regard to funding and transfer of technology in full will be taken into account in the least developed countries and the specific needs of particular conditions. 10. in accordance with article 10 of the Convention, the Contracting Parties will take into account in the fulfilment of the condition in those Contracting Parties, especially developing countries, whose economies affect combat climate change measures to be taken should the undesirable side-effects. It mainly applies to Contracting Parties, whose economy is largely dependent on fossil fuels and associated energy-intensive products from the production, processing and export, and/or consumption, income, as well as to such Contracting Parties, in which fossil fuels are truly hard to find a replacement. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 refers to the policies and measures agreed by regional economic integration. Article 5 research and systematic OBSERVATION in the conduct of its article 4, paragraph 1 (g) obligations, the Contracting Party: (a) support and, if necessary, further development of the international and intergovernmental programmes and systems or organizations aimed at defining, conducting, assessing and financing research, data collection and systematic observation, taking into account the need to minimize duplication of work; (b) support international and intergovernmental efforts ongoing observation and national scientific and technical research capacities and capabilities, particularly boosting developing countries, and encourage outside national jurisdiction areas of the data obtained and the results of the availability and Exchange; (c) take into account the developing countries ' specific problems and needs and will cooperate in promoting internal development for these countries to participate in this article (a) and (b) of this work apakšparagrāfo. Article 6: education, training and public awareness through its article 4 (i) the obligations set out in paragraph 2, the Contracting Parties shall: (a) promote and facilitate the national and, where appropriate, regional level and, in accordance with national laws and regulations, and within their means: (i) climate change and their implications for public awareness and education program development and implementation; (ii) on climate change and its effects of public information availability; (iii) public participation in the fight against climate change and its effects and appropriate reactions of planning; and (iv) the scientific, technical and managerial staff training; (b) cooperate in and promote at the international level, and, where necessary, on the basis of the existing bodies: (i) on climate change and its effects of educational and public awareness material development and Exchange; (ii) education and training programme design and implementation, including the strengthening of national institutions and the Exchange or support staff to prepare specialists in this area, particularly in developing countries. 7. Article 1 of the Conference of the parties. Of this article established the Conference of the parties. 2. The Conference of the parties as the main body of this Convention should be kept under constant review of the Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the parties to the adoption, implementation, and their powers to adopt the necessary decisions to promote the effective implementation of the Convention. In the end, it: (a) periodically examine the obligations of the Contracting Parties to the Convention and the related institutions, bearing in mind the objectives set in the Convention, its implementation and experience gained in scientific and technical understanding of perfection; (b) promote and facilitate the exchange of information on the Contracting Parties approved the measures to climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities of the parties and their respective commitments under the Convention; (c) two or more Contracting Parties request will accepted climate change and its effects on combat coordination of measures, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities of the parties and their respective commitments under the Convention; (d) in accordance with the objectives and provisions of the Convention will promote and will guide the development of the methodology of comparable and periodic renewal, to be adopted by the Conference of the parties, among other things, to account for greenhouse gas emissions from sources and sinks over the extraction and assessment of such gas emissions limitation and improvement of effectiveness of discharge; (e) on the basis of all the provisions of the Convention, in accordance with the information available to it, will examine how the Contracting Parties implementing the Convention, what is the objective of the Convention, measures the total outcome, in particular environmental, economic and social aspects, as well as their cumulative impacts and the degree of achievement of the objectives of the Convention; (f) consider and adopt regular reports on the implementation of the Convention and ensure their publication; (g) prepare necessary recommendations concerning any matter in connection with the implementation of the Convention; (h) will seek to mobilize financial resources in accordance with article 4, paragraph 4 and 5 and article 11; (i) ways, such subsidiary bodies as are deemed necessary for the implementation of the objective of the Convention; (j) subsidiary bodies will review its reports and ensure their management; (k) agree upon and adopt, by consensus procedures and financial rules for itself and any subsidiary bodies; (l) seek and use as appropriate, competent international organizations and intergovernmental and non-governmental institutions and cooperation; and (m) such other functions as are required for the achievement of the objectives of the Convention, as well as other functions conferred upon it by the Convention. 3. The Conference of the parties at its first session, adopt its own, as well as in accordance with the Convention and its subordinate institutions created in the rules of procedure, which shall include decision-making procedures for matters not yet defined this Convention decision-making procedures. Such procedures can determine the majority required for a particular decision. 4. The first session of the Conference of the parties to convene the laid down in article 21, the interim secretariat. It will take place not later than one year after the date of entry into force of this Convention. Then the Conference of the parties will hold regular session each year, unless the Conference of the Parties decides otherwise. 5. the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the extraordinary session will be held in other times, which need to be decided by the Conference, or at the written request of a Contracting Party, if six months after it was sent out to the parties, the Secretariat shall receive at least one third of the Contracting Parties to support this request. 6. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as well as any Member State or novērotājvalst it, without being a Contracting Party to this Convention, may be represented at a session of the Conference of the parties as observers. Any national or international, and both Governments or non-government institution or service which is competent in matters covered by this Convention and which has informed the Secretariat of its wish to be represented at a session of the Conference of the parties as an observer may be invited, unless at least one third of the Contracting Parties which are members of the Conference, says. Inviting observers, and participation will be subject to the Conference of the Parties adopted the rules of procedure. 8. Article 1 of this article, the Secretariat provides the Secretariat. 2. the secretariat functions are: (a) take and of the Conference of the parties in accordance with this Convention subsidiary bodies sessions created in the preparation and provision of the necessary services; (b) adopt, collect and transmit reports submitted to it; (c) to provide for assistance to parties, particularly developing countries, at their request, by gathering and providing information, as provided for in the provisions of this Convention; (d) to prepare reports on its activities and present them to the Conference of the parties; (e) to ensure the necessary coordination with other relevant international organizations and the Secretariat; (f) the overall guidance of the Conference of the parties, into such administrative and contractual relations, which would be required for the effective performance of its functions; (g) to perform other Secretariat responsibilities as set forth in the Convention and in any of its protocols and such other duties as may be determined by the Conference of the parties. 3. The Conference of the parties at its first session, shall designate a permanent Secretariat and make preparations for it to work properly. Article 9 scientific and technological Advisory Council 1. this Covenant defines the scientific and technological Advisory Council to the Conference of the parties and, where appropriate, its subsidiary bodies with timely information and advice to the Convention related to scientific and technological issues. This Council will be open to participation by all Contracting Parties and it will be a multidisciplinary institution. It will include relevant specialisations competent government representatives. It will report regularly to the Conference of the parties on all directions of its work. 2. Under the guidance of the Conference of the parties, on the basis of the existing competent international bodies, the Council: (a) provide to the climate change and its effects on the level of scientific understanding of the assessment; (b) will prepare for the implementation of the Convention of the results of the measures taken by the scientific assessment; (c) identify new and particularly precise, effective technologies and techniques and to advise on the development of such technologies and/or implementation of the promotion of ways and means; (d) provide advice on scientific programmes, international cooperation in climate change research and development, as well as advise on developing internal resources building on ways and means of supporting; (e) respond to scientific, technological and methodological questions that the Conference of the parties and its subsidiary bodies may put to the Council. 3. the functions of the Council and rules of operation may be further elaborated by the Conference of the parties. 10. Article 1 of the EXECUTIVE BODY in the SUBJECT of this article is determined to help the Executive Body under the Conference of the Parties evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the Convention and review. This institution will be able to participate in all the Contracting Parties and Government representatives who are experts on climate change related matters. It will regularly inform the Conference of the parties on all aspects of its work. 2. the guidance of the Conference of the parties, this body shall: (a) in accordance with article 12 paragraph 1 of the delivered information to assess the measures taken by the Contracting Parties to the general impact of the whole, on the basis of the latest scientific climate change estimates; (b) in accordance with article 12, paragraph 2 of the supplied information to help prepare the Conference of the Contracting Parties Article 4, paragraph 2 (d) of the report; and (c) assist, where appropriate, to the Conference of the parties in the preparation and implementation of its decisions. 11. Article 1 of the financial mechanism. This article is defined in the provision of financial resources, as well as technology implementation mechanisms to grant or the allocation base. It will work under the guidance of the Conference of the parties and be accountable, and the Conference will decide on its policies, programme priorities and eligibility criteria that apply this Convention. It will be entrusted to one or more existing international entities. 2. the financial mechanism will be equal and proportionate representation of all parties in the public administration system. 3. The Conference of the parties and the body or bodies which have been entrusted to the financial mechanisms work management, agree on the measures in this article for the implementation of paragraph 2, which shall include: (a) options to ensure that climate change focused the funded projects should, in accordance with the Conference of the Contracting Parties, policies, program priorities and eligibility criteria; (b) options for individual funding decisions could be reviewed from the policy, program priorities and eligibility criteria; (c) regular, in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article to set the requirements for the report to the Conference of the parties provide that international units or unit reports on funding operations; (d) implementation of the Convention and available to the Fund and the amount of that quantity, the periodic review of conditions with prior calculation and identification techniques. 4. The Conference of the parties will take the above conditions for the implementation of the necessary arrangements at its first session, reviewing and taking into account the transitional measures laid down in article 21, paragraph 3, and decide whether this temporary structure should be maintained. Four years after the Conference of the Parties shall review the financial mechanism and take appropriate measures. 5. The developed country Parties may also provide and developing country Contracting can be used for the implementation of the objectives of the Convention financial resources provided through bilateral, regional and other multilateral channels. Article 12 of the Convention, the implementation of the related supply 1. in accordance with article 4, paragraph 1, each Party shall deliver to the Secretariat of the Conference of the parties, the following elements of information: (a) the national report of all the Montreal Protocol does not include the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks, within its capabilities, using comparable methodologies, which supported and agreed upon by the Conference of the parties; (b) General Contracting Parties implementing the Convention right or description of the proposed measures; (c) any other information that the party considers relevant to the achievement of the objectives of the Convention and considered appropriate to include in his report, including, if feasible, material relevant for calculations of global emission trends. 2. Each developed country party and each other Party included in annex I shall include in its report the following information: (a) your article 4 (a) and 2 (b) the obligations laid down in paragraph 2 for the implementation of the policies adopted and detailed description of the measures; (b) specific evaluation that described this article (a) referred to the impact of policies and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the anthropogenic sources and sinks of the suction by article 4, paragraph 2 (a) within the period. 3. in addition, each developed country party and each other Party included in annex II of the report will also include details of the measures taken pursuant to article 4, paragraph 4 and 5. 4. developing countries may voluntarily offer financing projects, including specific technologies, materials, equipment, techniques or practices that would be useful for the implementation of such projects, if possible, together with the increasing cost and greenhouse gas emission reductions and the increase of discharge calculation, as well as the benefits resulting from these measures. 5. Each developed country party and each other Party included in annex I shall deliver the original information six months from the entry into force of the Convention with respect to that Contracting Party. Each Contracting Party which is not included in annex I shall deliver the original information in the three years since the entry into force of the Convention for that party, or from the moment it started to use financial resources in accordance with article 4, paragraph 3. The least developed contracting States to supply initial information at their discretion. How often will the future Contracting Parties to supply the information determined by the Conference of the parties, taking into account the time limits laid down in this paragraph differentiation. 6. The Contracting Parties, the information supplied in accordance with this article, the secretariat will submit as soon as possible to the Conference of the parties and to any subject to the institution concerned. If necessary, the information delivery procedures can further consider the Conference of the parties. 7. Starting with its first session, the Conference of the Parties shall take measures to ensure that Contracting Parties, upon request, to developing countries for technical and financial support of the information laid down in this article is for the collection and delivery, as well as with those laid down in article 4 of the proposed projects and response measures related to the technical and financial needs. Such support can also be provided by other Contracting Parties, competent international organizations and the Secretariat. 8. any group of contracting parties under the procedures of the Conference of the parties to the guidelines, previously announced by the Conference of the parties may submit a single report, thereby fulfilling the commitments in this article, unless such joint report contains information about each of these Contracting Parties individual obligations under the Convention. 9. The secretariat provided the information required by the Contracting Party is marked as confidential, in accordance with criteria developed by the Conference of the parties, the secretariat will, to maintain its confidentiality before being made available to any institution involved in the supply and processing of information. 10. Without prejudice to paragraph 9 of this article and of the conditions of each Contracting Party the right to at any time disseminate their reports to the Secretariat in accordance with this article shall be delivered to the Contracting Parties to the disclosure of the information at the same time, when it will be passed on to the Conference of the parties. Article 13 implementation issues, the Conference of the parties at its first session, consider the establishment of a multilateral consultative process, available to parties on their request, to deal with the implementation of the Convention. Article 14 settlement of disputes 1. In the event of a dispute between any two or more parties concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention, the parties concerned will look for a solution to the dispute through consultation or any other peaceful means of their own choice. 2. When ratifying, recognizing, confirming or acceding to the Convention, or at any time thereafter, a party which is not a regional economic integration organization, by written notice, may notify the depositary that, in respect of any dispute relating to the interpretation or application of the Convention, it recognizes as compulsory in itself and without special agreement in respect of any Contracting Party which accepts the same obligation: a submission of the dispute to international) Court and/or b) arbitration in accordance with procedures to be adopted by the Conference of the parties as soon as it's needed, and referred to in an annex on arbitration. Contracting Party which is a regional economic integration organization may make a statement with similar findings in relation to arbitration in accordance with the procedures referred to in this article, part 2, point (b). 3. in accordance with this article, part 2 of the present notice will remain in effect until the expiry of three months since the depositary received written its cancellation. 4. the new notice, the revocation or expiration of the set do not in any way affect the international judicial process not completed, unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree. 5. in accordance with this part of article, if twelve months after one Contracting Party other that between them originated a dispute, the contracting parties concerned have not been able to resolve their dispute with the article in part 1 of these features, the dispute to any dispute the parties request conciliation will be released. 6. at the request of one of the parties to the dispute to a Conciliation Commission will be created. The Commission will be composed of an equal number of each interested party nominated members and a Chairman chosen jointly by the two parties appointed members. The Commission will adopt a decision purely indicative that the parties will discuss in good faith. 7. the performance of the conciliation procedure, as soon as necessary, Conference of the parties in an annex on conciliation. 8. The provisions of this article shall apply to any related legal instrument to them, which could be adopted by the Conference of the parties, unless this Act does not contain any other conditions. Article 15 of the Convention, APPENDIX 1. any Contracting Party may propose additions to the Convention. 2. the Convention shall be adopted at an ordinary session of the Conference of the parties. Any proposed Convention text shall be communicated by the Secretariat to the parties at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The Secretariat would note of proposed additions to the signatory countries of the Convention and to the depositary. 3. the Contracting Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed additions to the Convention by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement will be reached, the addition will be adopted by a three-fourths majority vote of the meeting and at balsojušaj Contracting Parties. Appendix adopted shall be communicated by the Secretariat to the depositary, who shall circulate it to all parties for their acceptance. 4. Addition of the approval shall be deposited with the depository laws. In accordance with part 3 of this article, in addition to those adopted by the Contracting Parties that have approved, it will enter into force on the 90th day after the date on which the depositary has received the approval of at least three fourths of the parties to the Convention. 5. For any other party on the Appendix will enter into force on the 90th day after the date on which that party to the depositary its instrument of approval of the said Appendix. 6. the text of this article, "Parties present and voting ' means Contracting Parties present and voted" for "or" against ". Article 16 adoption of the Convention and ITS supplementing Conventions 1. annexes form an integral part thereof and, unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to the Convention constitutes at the same time a reference to any annexes thereto, in order not to violate article 14 (2) (b) and part 7 of the conditions, the following should be restricted to lists, forms and any other material of a descriptive nature that is of a scientific, procedures or administrative nature. 2. the annexes to the Convention will offer and accept in accordance with the procedure laid down in article 15, paragraph 3 and 4. 3. the annex adopted in accordance with this article, part 2 of all Contracting Parties to the Convention will enter into force six months after the date on which the depositary informed the parties of the adoption of this annex, except for those parties that during this period the written notification of the depositary of the non-recognition of this annex. Contracting Parties which have their recognition, the annex shall enter into force on the 90th day after the date on which the depositary has received the notification of the cancellation of non-recognition. 4. in addition to the Convention, acceptance of the offer and the date of entry into force will be subject to the same procedure as the Convention offering, adoption and entry into force in accordance with paragraph 2 and 3. 5. If the attachment or Appendix is associated with the adoption of the same Convention, any annex or Appendix shall not enter into force before the Convention. Article 17 of the PROTOCOL 1. The Conference of the parties at any ordinary session of the Convention's protocols may be adopted. 2. Any proposed Protocol shall be communicated by the Secretariat to the parties at least six months before such a session. 3. any date of entry into force of the Protocol provisions this document defines. 4. Only Contracting Parties to the Convention may be parties to the Protocol. 5. Decisions under any Protocol shall be taken only where the Contracting Parties to the Protocol. Article 18 right to vote 1. Each Contracting Party shall have one vote, except for part 2 of this article in specific cases. 2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to the number of votes of their Member States which are Contracting Parties to the Convention. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote if any of its Member States will use their own, and vice versa. Article 19 depositary the Secretary-General of the United Nations Convention and will be in accordance with article 17 of the Protocol adopted by the depositary. Article 20 signature of the United Nations or any of its specialized agencies or of the Member States, which are parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice, and by regional economic integration organizations of the Convention shall be open for signature in Rio de Janeiro to take place during the United Nations Conference on environment and development, and then the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 20 June 1992 to 19 June 1993. 21. Article 1 of the interim arrangements laid down in article 8 the secretariat functions to the Conference of the parties to end the first session on a temporary basis to carry out the United Nations General Assembly on 21 December 1990 resolution 45 \ 212 secretariat created. 2. in part 1 of this article, in particular the Chairman of the interim secretariat will work closely with the intergovernmental climate change unit, to ensure that this block can provide objective scientific and technical advice. Can advise other appropriate scientific organizations. 3. The United Nations development programme, the Global Environment Fund, the United Nations Environment Programme and the international bank for reconstruction and development will be the international entity entrusted on a temporary basis for the article 11 review of the financial mechanism. In this context, will be transformed into the most appropriate global environmental laboratories and improved its participation to be able to fulfil the requirements of article 11. Article 22 ratification, acceptance, approval or accession 1. Convention intended to States and regional economic integration organizations to ratify, recognized and approved, or you could join it. It will be added on the day following the date on which the Convention is closed for signature. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be the depositary. 2. Any regional economic integration organization which becomes a party to the Convention without any of its Member States being a party shall be bound by all the obligations under the Convention. In cases where one or more Member States of such organization are Contracting Parties to the Convention, the Organization and its Member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for its obligations under the Convention. In such cases, the Organization and its Member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under the Convention. 3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, legislation, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to matters under the Convention. These organizations also will inform the depositary, who will inform the parties, of any substantial change of their competence. Article 23 entry into force 1. The Convention will enter into force on the 90th day after the date on which will be submitted to the 50th instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. 2. Any State or regional economic integration organization which ratifies, recognise or approval of the Convention or accede to it after the 50th instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the 90th day after the date on which that State or regional economic integration organization deposits its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. 3. This article part 1 and 2 in the aspects of regional economic integration organizations, the Act is not counted in the required number of instruments submitted, if its act if presented by one of its Member States. Article 24 reservations no reservations to the Convention are anticipated. Article 25 withdrawal 1. At any time after three years from the date on which the Convention enters into force in respect of a Contracting Party, that party may withdraw from the Convention by giving written notification to the depositary. 2. Any such withdrawal shall take effect after the one year after the date on which the depositary has received the notification of withdrawal, or on such later time as may be specified in the notification of the withdrawal. 3. any Contracting Party which withdraws from the Convention shall be considered as also having withdrawn from any protocol to which it is a party. Article 26 authentic texts the original of this Convention are equally authentic texts the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. On confirmation the undersigned, duly authorized for that purpose, have signed this Convention. Drawn up in New York one thousand nine hundred and ninety-ninth in May.

Australia Austria Belarus in * annex I Belgium Bulgaria * Canada * Czechoslovakia Denmark Estonia European Community Finland France Germany Greece Hungary * Iceland * Ireland Italy Japan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Norway New Zealand Netherlands * Poland * Portugal * Romania * Russia * Spain Sweden Switzerland Federation of Turkey Ukraine * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United States ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ___ * countries where the transition to a market economy. Australia Austria Belgium Canada (annex II) Denmark Finland France Germany European Community Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations Framework Convention on United States climate change the parties to this Convention, Acknowledging that the change in the Earth's climate and its adverse to a common concern of humankind , Concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentration of gas you have, the increase of these enhance the natural have effect, and that this will result in an additional on average warming of the Earth's surface and atmosphere and may adversely affec the natural ecosystems and humankind, Noting that the largest share of historical and current global emission of the gas have originated in developed countries has , that the per capita emission in developing countries with a still relatively low and that the share of global emission of the originating in developing countries will grow to meet their social and development needs, Aware of the role and importanc in terrestrial and marine ecosystems of sink and reservoir of have gas, Noting that there are many uncertaint in prediction of climate change, particularly with regards to the timing magnitud, and regional patterns thereof, Acknowledging that the global nature of climate change calls for the wides possible cooperation by all the countries and their participation in an effective and appropriate international response, in accordanc with their common but differentiated responsibilities and capabilities and their respectiv in social and economic conditions, Recalling the provision of the pertinen the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment , adopted at Stockholm on 16 June 1972, Recalling also that States have, in accordanc with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources to their own environmental and pursuan developmental policies, and the responsibility to ensur that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction , Reaffirming the principles of sovereignty of States in international cooperation to address climate change, Recognizing that States should be effective enac environmental standards, management objective and the allocation should be the environmental and developmental reflec context to which they apply, and that standards applied by some countries may be inappropriate and of unwarranted economic and social cost to other countries, in particular developing countries , Recalling the provision of General Assembly resolution 44/228 of 22 December 1989 on the United Nations Conference on environment and development, and resolution 43/53 of 6 December 1988, 44/236 of 22 December 1989, 45/212 of 21 December 1990 and 46/169 of 19 December 1991 on the protection of global climate for present and future generations of mankind Recalling also that the provision of General Assembly resolution 44/236 of 22 December 1989 on the possible adverse effects of sea level rise on islands and coastal areas, particularly low-lying coastal areas and the provision of General Assembly to pertinen resolution 44/172 of 19 December 1989 on the implementation of the Plan of Action to Combat Desertification, Recalling further the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer , 1985, and the Montreal Protocol on substances that Deplet the Ozone Layer, 1987, as amended June 29, basis and on 1990, Noting the Ministerial Declaration of the Second World Climate Conference adopted on 7 November 1990, conscious of the valuable Analytics works being conducted by many States on climate change and of the important contributions of the World Support Organizations, the United Nations Environment Programme and other organs , organizations and bodies of the United Nations system, as well as other international and intergovernmental bodies, to the exchange of the results of scientific research and the coordination of research, Recognizing that steps required to understand and address climate change it will be environmentally, socially and economically most effective if they are based on relevant scientific, technical and economic considerations and continually reevaluated in the light of the new finding in these areas , Recognizing that various actions to address climate change can be justified economically in their own right and can also help in solving other environmental problems, Recognizing also the need for developed countries to make immediate action in a flexible manner on the basis of clear allocation, as the first step towards comprehensive response strategies at the global, national and, where agreed, regional level that take into account all have gas, with due considerations of their relative contribution to the enhancement of the effect have Further, Recognizing that low-lying and others small island countries, countries with low-lying coastal, arid and semi-arid areas or areas liabl to flood, drough and desertification, and developing countries with fragile ecosystems with a mountaino of particularly adverse vulnerabl to the effects of climate change, Recognizing the special difficult to of those countries, especially developing countries, whose economies are particularly dependent on fossil fuel production on , use and exportation, as a consequences of action taken on limiting have gas emission, Affirming that responses to climate change should be coordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to their «avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimat priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty By Recognizing that all countries, especially developing countries, need access to resources required to achieve a sustainable social and economic development and that, in order for developing countries to progress towards that goal, their energy consumption will need to grow taking into account the possibilities for achieving greater energy efficiency and for controlling emission of gas have in general, including through the application of new technologies on terms which make such an application economically and socially beneficial , Determined to protect the climate system for present and future generations, have agreed as follows: article 1 DEFINITION For the purpose of this convention: 1. "the adverse effects of climate change" means changes in the physical environment or biota resulting from climate change which have significant deleterio-effects on the composition, resilienc or productivity of natural and managed ecosystems or on the operation of socio-economic systems or on human health and welfare. 2. "climate change" means the change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alter the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over time comparabl period. 3. "climate system" means the totality of the atmosphere, hydrospher, biospher and geospher and their interactions. 4. "Emission" means the release of gas and/or have their precursors into the atmosphere over a specified area and period of time. 5. "Have gas" means those gaseo of constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and the infrared radiation reemi. 6. "Regional economic integration organization" means an organization constituted by sovereign States of a given region which has competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention or its protocols and has been duly authorized, in accordanc with its internal procedures, to sign, accept, approve, ratify.â or accede to the instruments concerned. 7. "Reservoir" means a component or components of the climate system where a gas or have a gene of a have gas is stored. 8. "Sink" means any process, activity or mechanism which remove have a gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a have gas from the atmosphere. 9. "source" means any process or activity which releases a gas that have an aerosol or a precursor of a have gas into the atmosphere. Article 2 objective the ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the parties may achieve their adop is, in accordanc with the relevant provision of the Convention, stabilization of have gas concentration in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adop naturally to climate change, to ensur that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner by. Article 3 principles In their actions to achieve the objective of the Convention and their implementations that its provision, the Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the following: 1. The parties should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generations of humankind, on the basis of equity in accordanc with their common but differentiated responsibilities and capabilities of the respectiv. Accordingly, the developed country Parties should take the lead in combating climate change and the adverse effects thereof. 2. The specific needs and special circumstanc of developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerabl to the adverse effects of climate change, and of those parties, especially developing country Parties, that would have to bear a disproportionat or abnormal burden under the Convention, should be given full considerations. 3. The parties should take the measure of the banks to anticipate, prevent or minimize the causes of climate change and its adverse effects of mitigat. Where there are threats of serious or irreversibl of damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing such measure, taking into account that policies and measure to deal with climate change should be cost-effective so as to ensur global benefits at the lowest possible cost. To achieve this, such policies and measure the should take into account different socio-economic context, be comprehensive, cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoir of have gas and adaptation, and all economic sector compris. Efforts to address climate change may be carried out cooperatively by interested parties. 4. The parties have a right to, and should, promote sustainable development. Policies and measure to protect the climate system against human-induced change should be appropriate for the specific conditions of each Party and should be integrated with national development programmes, taking into account that economic development is essential for adopting measure to address climate change. 5. The parties should cooperate to promote a supportive and open international economic system that would lead to sustainable economic growth and of development in all parties, particularly developing country Parties, for the enabling them better to address the problems of climate change. The measure taken to combat climate change, including unilateral ones, should not a means of arbitrary constitut or discrimination or a disguised restriction of unjustifiabl on international trade. Article 4 COMMITMENT 1. All parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and their specific national and regional development, objective and kesko, circumstanc shall: (a) Develop, periodically update, publish and make available to the Conference of the parties, in accordanc with article 12, national anthropogenic emission by the inventor of sources and removal by sinks of all have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol using comparabl methodolog of it, be agreed upon by the Conference of the parties; (b) the Formulat, implementations that publish regularly, and update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes containing measure to mitigat, climate change by addressing anthropogenic emission by sources and removal by sinks of all have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, and measure it is facilitat-adequat adaptation to climate change; (c) promote and cooperate in the development, application and diffusion, including transfer, of technologies, practices and processes that control, reduce or prevent anthropogenic emission of gas have not controlled by the Montreal Protocol in all relevant sectors, including the energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry and waste management sectors; (d) promote sustainable management, and promote and cooperate in the conservation and enhancement, as appropriate, of sinks and reservoir of all have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, including biomass, forests and oceans as well as other terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems; (e) Cooperate in preparing for adaptation to the impacts of climate change; and develop appropriate and integrated elaborat plans for coastal zone management, water resources and agriculture, and for the protection and rehabilitation of areas, particularly in Africa, affected by desertification, drough and as well as floods; (f) take climate change considerations into account, to the exten to feasibl, in their relevant social, economic and environmental policies and actions, and employ appropriate methods, for example impact assessments, formulated and nationally, with a view to determinated minimizing adverse effects on the economy, on public health and on the quality on the environment, of projects undertaken by them or on their "mitigat or adap to climate change; (g) promote and cooperate in scientific, technological, technical, socio-economic and other research, systematic observation and development of data archives related to the climate system and intended to further the understanding and to reduce or to eliminat the remaining uncertaint regarding the causes, effects, and timing of magnitud climate change and the economic and social consequences of various response strategies; (h) promote and cooperate in the full, open and prompt exchange of relevant scientific, technological, technical, socio-economic and legal information related to the climate system and climate change, and to the economic and social consequences of various response strategies; (i) promote and cooperate in education, training and public awareness related to climate change and encourag the wides the participation in this process, including that of nongovernmental organizations; and (j) communicate to the Conference of the parties information related to the implementation, in accordanc with article 12.2. The developed country Parties and other Parties included in annex I commit themselves specially as provided for in the following: (a) Each of the States parties shall adop national1 policies and take the òàæó measure on the mitigation of climate change, by limiting its anthropogenic emission of have gas and protecting and enhancing it for the sink and have gas reservoir. These policies and will measure demonstrates that developed countries are taking the lead in modifying longer term trends in anthropogenic emission-is consistent with the objective of the Convention, recognizing that the return by the end of the present decade to earlier levels of anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxid and others have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol would contribute to such modification , and taking into account the difference in these Parts ' s starting points and approaches, economic structures and resource bases, the need to maintain strong and sustainable economic growth, the available technologies and others, as well as individual circumstanc the need for equitable and appropriate contributions by each of the States parties to the global effort regarding that objective. These parties may implementations that such policies and jointly with other parties of the measure and may assist other parties in contributing to the achievement of the objective of the Convention and, in particular, that of this subparagraph; (b) In order to promote to this end, each of these parties shall communicate, within six months of the entry into force of the Convention and periodically thereafter, and for it in accordanc with article 12, detailed information on its policies and measure referred to in the subparagraph (a) above, as well as on its projected anthropogenic emission resulting by sources and removal by sinks of have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol for the period referred to in subparagraph ( (a)), with the aim of returning individually or jointly to their 1990 levels anthropogenic emission of these carbon dioxid and others have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol. This information will be reviewed by the Conference of the parties, at its first session and periodically thereafter, in accordanc with article 7; (c) Calculation of emission by sources and removal by sinks of have gas for the purpose of subparagraph (b) above should take into account the best available scientific knowledge, including of the effective capacity of sinks and the contributions of such the respectiv gas to climate change. The Conference of the Parties shall consider and agree on methodolog for these calculations at its first session and review them regularly thereafter; (d) the Conference of the Parties shall, at its first session, review the adequacy of subparagraph (a) and (b) above. Such review shall be carried out in the light of the best available scientific information and assessment on climate change and its impacts, as well as relevant technical, social and economic information. Based on this review, the Conference of the Parties shall take appropriate action, which may include the adoption of amendments to the commitment in subparagraph (a) and (b) above. The Conference of the parties, at its first session, shall also take decisions regarding criteria for joint implementation as indicated in the for subparagraph (a) above. (A) second review of subparagraph (a) and (b) shall take place not later than 31 December 1998, and thereafter at regular intervals determinated by the Conference of the parties, until the objective of the The Convention is met; (e) Each of these parties shall: (i) the Line as appropriate with other such parties, relevant economic and administrative instruments developed to achieve the objective of the Convention; and (ii) identify and periodically review its own policies and practices with encourag the activities that lead to greater levels of anthropogenic emission of gas have not controlled by the Montreal Protocol than would otherwise occure; (f) the Conference of the Parties shall review, not later than 31 December 1998, available information with a view to taking decisions regarding such amendments to the lists in the annex I and II as may be appropriate, with the approval of the Party concerned; (g) Any Party not included in Annex I may, in its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, or at any time thereafter, notify the Depositary that it intends to be bound by subparagraph (a) and (b) above. The Depositary shall inform the other parties of the signator and any such notification. 3. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in annex II shall provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full costs incurred by developing country Parties in complying with their obligations under article 12, paragraph 1. They shall also provide such financial resources, including for the transfer of technology, needed by the developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs of implementing the measure are covered by paragraph 1 of this article and that is a developing country with the agreed between Party and the international entity or entities referred to in article 11 thereof, in accordanc with this article. The implementation of the commitment of these shall take into account the need for adequacy and predictability in the flow of funds and the importanc of appropriate burden sharing among the developed country Parties. 4. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II shall also assist the developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerabl to the adverse effects of climate change in meeting costs of adaptation to those adverse effects. 5. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II shall take all steps to promote practicabl, facilitat and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and know-how to other parties, particularly developing country Parties, to enable them to implementations that the provision of the Convention. In this process, the developed country Parties shall support the development and enhancement of the internal audit capacities and endogeno technologies of developing country Parties. Other parties and organizations in a position to do so may also assist in facilitating the transfer of such technologies. 6. In the implementation of their commitment under paragraph 2 above, a certain degree of flexibility shall be allowed by the Conference of the parties to the Parties included in annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy, in order to enhance the ability of these parties to address climate change, including with regards to the historical level of anthropogenic emission of gas have not controlled by the Montreal Protocol chosen as a reference. 7. The exten to which developing country Parties will effectively implementations that their commitment under the Convention related to financial resources and transfer of technology and will take fully into account that economic and social development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding to kesko of the developing country Parties. 8. In the implementation of the commitment in this article, the Parties shall give full considerations to what actions are not under the Convention, including the cessary actions related to funding, insurance and the transfer of technology, to meet the specific needs and concerns of developing country Parties arising from the adverse effects of climate change and/or the impact of the implementation of response measure of , especially on: (a) Small island countries; (b) countries with low-lying coastal areas; (c) countries with arid and semi-arid areas, forested areas and areas liabl to forest decay; (d) countries with areas of natural disaster; it pron (e) countries with areas liabl to drough and desertification; (f) countries with areas of high urban atmospheric pollution; (g) countries with areas with fragile ecosystems, including mountaino of ecosystems; (h) countries whose economies are highly dependent on the income generated from the production, processing and export, and/or on consumption of fossil fuels and associated energy-intensive products; and (i) Land-locked and transit countries. Further, the Conference of the parties may take action, as appropriate, with respect to this paragraph. 9. The Parties shall take full account of the specific needs and special situation of the least developed countries in their actions with regard to funding and transfer of technology. 10. The Parties shall, in accordanc with article 10, take into considerations in the implementation of the commitment of the Convention the situation of parties, particularly developing country Parties, with economies that are vulnerabl to the adverse effects of the implementation of the measure, it responds to climate change. This applies notably to parties with economies that are highly dependent on income generated from the production, processing and export, and/or consumption of fossil fuels and associated energy-intensive products and/or the use of fossil fuels for which such parties have serious difficult in switching to alternatives. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 This includes policies and of regional economic integration "adopted by the organization. Article 5 RESEARCH AND SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION In carrying out their commitment under article 4, paragraph 1 (g), the Parties shall: (a) support and further develop, as appropriate, international and intergovernmental programmes and networks or organizations aimed at defining, conducting, assessing and financing research, data collection and systematic observation, taking into account the need to minimize duplication of effort; (b) support international and intergovernmental efforts to strengthen systematic observation and national scientific and technical research capacities and capabilities, particularly in developing countries, and to promote access to, and the exchange of, data and analyses thereof obtained from areas beyond national jurisdiction; and (c) take into account the particular concerns and needs of developing countries and cooperate in improving their capacities and capabilities of endogeno to participat in the efforts referred to in subparagraph (a) and (b) above. Article 6 EDUCATION, TRAINING AND PUBLIC awareness In carrying out their commitment under article 4, paragraph 1 (i), the Parties shall: (a) promote and facilitat at the national and, as appropriate, subregional and regional levels, and in accordanc with national laws and regulations, and within their respectiv capacities of: (i) the development and implementation of educational and public awareness programmes on climate change and its effects; (ii) public access to information on climate change and its effects; (iii) public participation in addressing climate change and its effects and developing adequat responses; and (iv) training of scientific, technical and managerial personnel. (b) Cooperate in and promote, at the international level, and, where appropriate, using existing bodies: (i) the development and exchange of educational and public awareness material on climate change and its effects; and (ii) the development and implementation of education and training programmes, including the strengthening of national institutions and the Exchange or of the secondmen personnel to train experts in this field, in particular for developing countries. Article 7 the Conference OF the parties 1. (A) the Conference of the parties is hereby established. 2. The Conference of the parties, as the supreme body of this Convention, shall keep under regular review the implementation of the Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the parties may be, and shall adop make, within its mandate, the decision not to promote the cessary effective implementation of the Convention. To this end, it shall: (a) Periodically examin the obligation of the parties and the institutional arrangements under the Convention, in the light of the objective of the Convention, the experience gained in its implementation and the evolution of scientific and technological knowledge; (b) promote and facilitat exchange of the information on the measure adopted by the parties to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing, responsibilities and circumstanc capabilities of the parties and their respectiv is commitment under the Convention; (c) at the request of Facilitat, of two or more parties, the coordination of the measure adopted by them to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing, responsibilities and circumstanc capabilities of the parties and their respectiv is commitment under the Convention; (d) promote and guide, in accordanc with the objective and the provision of the Convention, the development and periodic refinemen of comparabl methodolog of, to be agreed on by the Conference of the parties, inter alia, for preparing inventor of gas emission to have by sources and removal by sinks, and for evaluating the effectiveness of a measure to limit the emission of and enhance the removal of these gas; (e) assess, on the basis of all information made available to it in accordanc wi the provision of the Convention, the implementation of the Convention by the parties, the overall effects of the measure taken by the Convention, pursuan to the particular environmental, economic and social in effects as well as their cumulative impacts and the exten of it which progress towards the objective of the Convention is being achieved; (f) Consider and adop a regular reports on the implementation of the Convention and of their publication ensur; (g) make recommendations on any matters not cessary for the implementation of the Convention; (h) Seek to mobilise financial resources in accordanc with article 4, paragraphs 3, 4 and 5, and article 11; (i) Establish such subsidiary bodies as are deemed not cessary for the implementation of the Convention; (j) Review reports submitted by its subsidiary bodies and provide guidance to them; (k) agree upon and adop, by consensus, rules of procedure and financial rules for itself and for any subsidiary bodies; (l) Seek and utilizes, where appropriate, the services and cooperation of, and information provided by, competent international organizations and intergovernmental and non-governmental bodies; and (m) exercise such other functions as are required for the achievement of the objective of the Convention as well as all other functions assigned to it under the Convention. 3. The Conference of the Parties shall, at its first session, it will own adop rules of procedure as well as those of the subsidiary bodies established by the Convention, which shall include decision-making procedures for matters not already covered by the decision-making procedures stipulated in the Convention. Such procedures may include specified majorit to required for the adoption of particular decisions. 4. The first session of the Conference of the Parties shall be convened by the interim secretariat referred to in article 21 and shall take place not later then one year after the date of entry into force of the Convention. Thereafter, ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties shall be held every year unless otherwise decided by the by the Conference of the parties. 5. Extraordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties shall be held at such other times as may be deemed not cessary by the Conference, or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to the parties by the Secretariat, it is supported by at least one-third of the parties. 6. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as well as any State member thereof or the observer is to the theret note Party Convention, may be represented at sessions of the Conference of the parties as an observer. Any body or agency, national or international, governmental or whethers non-governmental, which is qualified in matters covered by the Convention, and which has informed the Secretariat of its wish to represented at a session of the Conference of the parties as an observer, may be so admitted unless at least one-third of the Parties present object. The participation of the observer in the admissions and shall be subject to the rules of procedure adopted by the Conference of the parties. Article 8 1 A secretariat is hereby established Secretariat. 2. The functions of the Secretariat shall be: (a) To make arrangements for sessions of the Conference of the parties and its subsidiary bodies established under the Convention and provide them with services as required; (b) To compile and transmit reports submitted to it; (c) It is facilitat assistance to the parties, particularly developing country Parties, on request, in the compilation and communication of information required in accordanc with he provision of the Convention; (d) To prepare reports on its activities and present them to the Conference of the parties; (e) To ensur the cessary not coordination with the secretariat of other relevant international bodies; (f) To enter, under the overall guidance of the Conference of the parties, into such administrative and contractual arrangements as may be required for the effective discharge of its functions; and (g) To perform the other Secretariat functions specified in the Convention and in any of its protocols and such other functions as may be determined by the Conference of the parties. 3. The Conference of the parties, at its first session, shall designat a permanent secretariat and make arrangements for its functioning. Article 9 SUBSIDIARY BODY FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL advice 1. subsidiary body for scientific and technological A advice is hereby established to provide the Conference of the parties and, as appropriate, its other subsidiary bodies with timely information and advice on scientific and technological matters relating to the Convention. This body shall be open to participation by all parties and shall be multidisciplinary. It shall the Government representatives competent compris in the relevant field of expertise. It shall report regularly to the Conference of the parties on all aspects of its work. 2. Under the guidance of the Conference of the parties, and drawing upon existing competent international bodies, this body shall: (a) provide assessments of the State of scientific knowledge relating to climate change and its effects; (b) prepare scientific assessments on the effects of the measure taken in the implementation of the Convention; (c) Identify innovative, efficient and State-of-the-art technologies and know-how and advise on the ways and means of promoting development and/or transferring such technologies; (d) provides advise on scientific programmes, international cooperation in research and development related to climate change, as well as on ways and means of supporting the capacity-building in developing endogeno countries; and (e) the scientific, technological and methodological Responds questions that the Conference of the parties and its subsidiary bodies may put to the body. 3. The functions and terms of reference of this body may be further elaborated by the Conference of the parties. Article 10 1 A SUBSIDIARY BODY FOR IMPLEMENTATION subsidiary body for implementation is hereby established to assist the Conference of the parties in the assessment and review of the effective implementation of the Convention. This body shall be open to participation by all parties and the Government representatives compris who are the experts in matters related to climate change. It shall report regularly to the Conference of the parties on all aspects of its work. 2. Under the guidance of the Conference of the parties, this body shall: (a) Consider the information communicated in accordanc with article 12, paragraph 1, to assess the overall aggregated effect of the steps taken by the parties in the light of the latest scientific assessments concerning climate change; (b) Consider the information communicated in accordanc with article 12, paragraph 2, in order to assist the Conference of the parties in carrying out the reviews required by article 4, paragraph 2 (d); and (c) assist the Conference of the parties, as appropriate, in the preparation and implementation of its decision. Article 11 FINANCIAL MECHANISM 1. A mechanism for the provision of financial resources on a grant or concessional basis, including for the transfer of technology, is hereby defined. It shall function under the guidance of and be accountabl to the Conference of the parties, which shall decide on its policies, programme allocation and eligibility criteria related to this Convention. Its operations shall be entrusted to one or more existing international entities. 2. The financial mechanism shall have an equitable and balanced representation of all parties within a transparent system of governance. 3. The Conference of the parties and the entity or entities to the entrusted with the operations of the financial mechanism shall agree upon arrangements to give effect to the above paragraphs, which shall include the following: (a) the Modalit to ensur that the funded projects to address climate change with in conformity with the policies, programme allocation and eligibility criteria established by the Conference of the parties; (b) to which a particular Modalit by funding decision may be reconsidered in light of these policies, programme allocation and eligibility criteria; (c) Provision by the entity or entities of regular reports to it on the Conference of the parties on its funding operations, which is consistent with the requirement for accountability set out in paragraph 1 above; and (d) the Determination in a identifiabl manner of predictabl and of the amount of funding not cessary and available for the implementation of this Convention and the conditions under which that amount shall be periodically reviewed. 4. The Conference of the Parties shall make arrangements to implementations that the above mentioned provision at its first session, reviewing and taking into account the interim arrangements referred to in article 21 a, paragraph 3, and shall decide these interim arrangements of whethers shall be maintained. Within four years thereafter, the Conference of the Parties shall review the financial mechanism and take appropriate measure. 5. The developed country Parties may also provide and developing country parties themselves of availa ..., financial resources related to the implementation of the Convention through bilateral, regional and other multilaterals channel. Article 12 COMMUNICATION OF INFORMATION RELATED TO IMPLEMENTATION 1. In accordanc with article 4, paragraph 1, each Party shall communicate to the Conference of the parties, through the Secretariat, the following elements of information: (a) A national inventory of anthropogenic emission by sources and removal by sinks of all have gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, to its capacities to exten permit, using comparabl is to be promoted and agreed it methodolog upon by the Conference of the parties; (b) A general description of steps taken or envisaged by the Party to the Convention implementations; and (c) Any other information that the Party consider relevant to the achievement of the objective of the Convention and for inclusion in it is suitabl communication, including, if feasibl, material relevant for calculations of global emission trends. 2. Each developed country Party and each other Party included in annex I shall incorporat in its communication the following elements of information: (a) A detailed description of the policies and measure of that it has adopted it implementations that its commitment under article 4, paragraph 2 (a) and 2 (b); and (b) A specific estimate of the effects that the policies referred to in a subparagraph of the Andean measure (a) immediately above will have on anthropogenic emission by sources and its removal by sinks have the its of gas during the period of the referred to in article 4, paragraph 2 (a). 3. In addition, each developed country Party and each other developed Party included in annex II shall incorporat details of the measure taken in accordanc with article 4, paragraphs 3, 4 and 5.4. Developing country Parties may, on a voluntary basis, proposes projects for financing, including specific technologies, materials, equipment, techniques or practices that would be needed to implementations that such projects, along with, if possible, an estimate of all incremental costs, of the reduction of emission and removal of increment of have gas, as well as an estimate of the benefits the consequen. 5. Each developed country Party and each other Party included in annex I shall make its initial communication within six months of the entry into force of the Convention for that Party. Each Party not so listed shall make its initial communication within three years of the entry into force of the Convention for that Party, or of the availability of financial resources in accordanc with article 4, paragraph 3. Parties that at least developed countries may make their initial communications at their discretion. The frequency of subsequent communications by all parties shall be determinated by the Conference of the parties, taking into account the differentiated timetabl set by this paragraph. 6. Information communicated by parties under this article shall be transmitted by the Secretariat as soon as possible to the Conference of the parties and to any subsidiary bodies concerned. If not, the cessary procedures for the communication of information may be further considered by the Conference of the parties. 7. From its first session, the Conference of the Parties shall arrang for the provision to developing country Parties of technical and financial support, on request, in compiling and communicating information under this article, as well as identifying the technical and financial needs associated with proposed projects and response measure under article 4 of Such support may be provided by other parties , by competent international organizations and by the Secretariat, as appropriate. 8. Any group of parties may, subject to guidelines adopted by the Conference of the parties, and to prior notification to the Conference of the parties, make a joint communication in the fulfillment of their obligations under this article, provided that such a communication includes information on the fulfillment by each of these parties of its individual obligations under the Convention. 9. the Information received by the Secretariat that is designated by a Party as confidential, in accordanc with criteria to be established by the Conference of the parties, shall be aggregated by the Secretariat to protect its confidentiality before being made available to any of the bodies involved in the communication and review of information. 10. Subject to paragraph 9 above, and without prejudice to the ability of any Party to make public its communication at any time, the Secretariat shall make communications by parties under this article publicly available at the time they are submitted to the Conference of the parties. Article 13 RESOLUTION OF questions REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION, the Conference of the Parties shall, at its first session, consider the establishment of a consultative process, multilaterals, available to parties on their request, for the resolution of questions regarding the implementation of the Convention. Article 14 settlement OF DISPUTE 1. In the event of a dispute between any two or more parties concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention, the parties concerned shall seek a settlement of the dispute through negotiation or any other peaceful means of their own choice. 2. When ratifying, accepting or acceding to the Convention approving, or at any time thereafter, a Party which is not a regional economic integration organization may declare in a written instrument submitted to the Depositary that, in respect of any dispute concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention, it recognizes as compulsory ipso facto of and without special agreement, in relations to any Party accepting the same obligation : (a) Submission of the dispute to the International Court of Justice, and/or (b) Arbitration in accordanc with procedures to be adopted by the Conference of the parties as soon as practicabl, in an annex on arbitration. A Party which is a regional economic integration organization may make a declaration with like effect in relations to arbitration in accordanc with the procedures referred to in subparagraph (b) above. 3. A declaration made under paragraph 2 above shall remain in force until it expires in accordanc with its terms or until three months after written notice of its revocation has been deposited with the Depositary. 4. A new declaration, a notice of revocation or the expiry of a declaration shall not in any way be affec proceedings pending before the International Court of Justice or the CAs tribunal, unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree. 5. Subject to the operation of paragraph 2 above, if after twelve months following notification by one Party to another that a dispute exists between them, the parties concerned have not be able to settle their dispute through the means mentioned in the paragraph 1 above, the dispute shall be submitted, at the request of any of the parties to the dispute , the Acas. 6. (A) the commission shall be created upon Acas at the request of one of the parties to the dispute. The commission shall be composed of an equal number of members appointed by each party concerned and a chairman chosen jointly by the members appointed by each party. The commission shall render a recommendatory award, which the Parties shall consider in good faith. 7. Additional procedures shall be adopted relating to Acas by the Conference of the parties, as soon as practicabl, in an annex on Acas. 8. The provision of this article shall apply to any related legal instrument which the Conference of the parties may be, unless the adop instrument provides otherwise. Article 15 AMENDMENTS TO the CONVENTION Any Party may 1 to the proposes amendments of the Convention. 2. Amendments to the Convention shall be adopted at an ordinary session of the Conference of the parties. The text of any proposed amendment shall be communicated to the Convention to the parties by the Secretariat at the last six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The Secretariat shall also communicate proposed amendments to the signator to the Convention and, for information, to the Depositary. 3. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed amendment to the Convention by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the amendment shall as a last resort be adopted by a majority of a three-fourth vote of the Parties present and voting at the meeting. The adopted amendment shall be communicated by the Secretariat to the Depositary, who shall circulate it to all parties for their acceptance. 4. Instruments of acceptance in respect of an amendment shall be deposited with the Depositary. An amendment adopted in accordanc with paragraph 3 above shall enter into force for those parties having accepted it on the ninetieth day after the the date of receipt by the Depositary of an instrument of acceptance by at least three-fourth of the Conference of the parties. 5. The amendment shall enter into force for any other Party on the ninetieth day after the date on which that Party deposits with the Depositary its instrument of acceptance of the said amendment. 6. For the purpose of this article, "Parties present and voting" means Parties present and casting an affirmativ or negative vote. Article 16 ADOPTION AND amendment OF the ANNEX TO the CONVENTION's Annex 1 to the Convention shall form an integral part thereof and, unless expressly provided otherwise, be a reference to the Convention at the same of the constitut time a reference to any of the annexe theret. Without prejudice to the provision of article 14, paragraph 2 (b) and 7, shall be restricted to such annex's lists, forms and any other material of a descriptive nature that is of a scientific, technical, procedural of or administrative character. 2. the Annex to the Convention shall be proposed and adopted in accordanc with the procedure set forth in article 15, paragraphs 2, 3 and 4. An annex that has been adopted in accordanc with paragraph 2 above shall enter into force for all parties to the Convention six months after the date of the communication by the Depositary to such parties of the adoption of the annex, except for those parties that have notified the Depositary, in writing, within that period of their non-acceptance of the annex. The annex shall enter into force for parties which withdraw their notification of non-acceptance on the ninetieth day after the date on which the withdrawals of such notification has been received by the Depositary. 4. The proposal, adoption and entry into force of amendments to annex to the Convention shall be subject to the same procedure as that for the proposal, adoption and entry into force of the Convention to the annexe in accordanc with paragraphs 2 and 3 above. 5. If the adoption of an annex or an amendment to an annex of an amendment to involv the Convention, the annex or amendment to an annex shall not enter into force until such time as the amendment to the Convention enter into force. Article 17 of the PROTOCOL 1. The Conference of the parties may, at any ordinary session, adop protocol to the Convention. 2. The text of any proposed protocol shall be communicated to the parties by the Secretariat at least six months before such a session. 3. The requirements for the entry into force of any protocol shall be established by that instrument. 4. Only parties to the Convention may be parties to a protocol. 5. the Decision shall be taken under any protocol only by the parties to the protocol concerned. Article 18 right TO vote 1. Each Party to the Convention shall have one vote, except as provided for in paragraph 2 below. 2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States that are parties to the Convention. Such an organization shall not exercise its right to vote if any of its member State exercises its right, and vice versa. Article 19 DEPOSITARY the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the Depositary of the Convention and of the protocols adopted in accordanc with article 17 article 20 signature this Convention shall be open from signature by States members of the United Nations or of any of its specialized agencies or that are parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice and by regional economic integration organizations at Rio de Janeiro , during the United Nations Conference on environment and development, and thereafter at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 20 June 1992 to 19 June 1993 article 21 interim ARRANGEMENTS in the secretariat functions referred to in article 8 will be carried out on an interim basis by the secretariat established by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its resolution 45/212 of 21 December 1990 , until the completion of the first session of the Conference of the parties. 2. The head of the interim secretariat referred to in paragraph 1 above will cooperate closely with the Intergovernmental Panel is on climate change to ensur that the Panel can responds to the need for objective scientific and technical advice. Other relevant scientific bodies could also be consulted. 3. The Global Environment Facility of the United Nations development programme, the United Nations Environment Programme and the International Bank for Development and development shall be the international entity entrusted with the operations of the financial mechanism referred to in the article 11 on an interim basis. In this connection, the Global Environment Facility should be appropriately restructured and its membership made universal to enable it to fulfil the requirements of article 11 article 22 RATIFICATION, acceptance, APPROVAL OR ACCESSION 1. The Convention shall be subject to ratification, acceptance, approval or accession by States and by economic integration organizations. It shall be open for accession from the day after the date on which the Convention is closed for signature. The instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary. 2. Any regional economic integration organization which become a Party to the Convention without any of its member States being a Party shall be bound by all the obligations under the Convention. In the case of such organizations, one or more of whose member States is a Party to the Convention, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respectiv has responsibilities for the performance of their obligations under the Convention. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under the Convention concurrently. 3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the exten of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary, who shall in turn inform the parties, of any substantial modification in the exten of their competence. Article 23 ENTRY into force 1. The Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the fiftieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. 2. For each State or regional economic integration organizations that accept or approve ratif, the Convention or accede after the deposit of the theret of the fiftieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit by such State or regional economic integration organization of its instrument of ratification, acceptance , approval or accession. 3. For the purpose of paragraphs 1 and 2 above, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by States members of the organization. Article 24 reservations Of reservations may be made to the Convention. Article 25 ATTENTION 1. At any time after three years from the date on which the Convention has entered into force for a Party, that Party may withdraw from the Convention by giving written notification to the Depositary. 2. Any such withdrawals shall take effect upon expiry of one year from the date of receipt by the Depositary of the notification of withdrawals, or on such later date as may be specified in the notification of withdrawals. 3. Any Party that withdraw from the Convention shall be considered as also having withdrawn from any protocol to which it is a Party. Article 26 AUTHENTIC texts the original of this Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. In WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Convention. Done at New York this day of May one thousand ninths nine hundred and ninety-two.

ANNEX I Australia Austria Belarus Belgium Bulgaria * Canada * Denmark * Czechoslovakia Estonia * European Community Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Latvia * of * Lithuania * Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation * of * Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United States of America _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ the countries that are undergoing the process of transition to a market economy. ANNEX (II) Australia Austria Belgium Canada Denmark European Community Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United States of America