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Act No. 17 Of 2007

Original Language Title: Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2007

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rought down the foundation of the national economy. In less than a year the exchange rate drastically reaches around Rp15,000.00 per US $1. The implications, government and private debt swelled and resulted in domestic aggregate demand continuing to decline until mid-1998. As a result, GDP suffered a contraction of about 13 percent in the year. The number of bankrupt companies has resulted in a sharp increase in the number of unemployment, which is about 14.1 million; the number of impoverished societies has nearly doubled, from about 28 million people in 1996 to become the largest number of people in the world. about 53 million people in 1998. As of 2004, the poverty rate is still high (around 30 million) and the number of unemployed is still around 10 million.

., 3. With various crisis handling programs organized during the political transition period, conditions have been improving since 2000. The restoration of the condition is shown with several indicators as follows. The state budget deficit dropped from 3.9 percent of GDP in 1999/2000 to 1.1 percent of GDP in 2004, the Government/GDP debt stock could be suppressed below 60 percent, and the reserve of devisa has steadily increased in the last four years to USD 35.4. billion in 2004. The exchange rate can be stabilized at a rate of about Rp9.000.00 per US $1 and inflation was suppressed at a figure of about 6.0 percent in 2004. Its control of the exchange rate and the rate of inflation provide the motion room for monetary policy to gradually decrease the Indonesian Bank Certificate (SBI) interest rate. The decline of the SBI interest rate followed a significant decline in banking savings rates, but was not yet fully followed by a decrease in banking credit interest rates. Although not yet optimal, the drop in interest rates has been used by banking to restructure credit, strengthen the structure of the decline, and increase the credit reduction, especially the relatively short time-term. In the real sector, such stable conditions give the world an opportunity to restructure financial restructuring internally.

., 4. The various performance above has successfully improved macroeconomic stability. Nevertheless, the performance has not been able to restore economic growth to the level as before the crisis. This is because the growth motors still rely on consumption. The production sector has not developed due to a number of issues with regard to the non-conserving of the business environment, which dissolves investment arousal, among them high-cost economic practices, including corruption, collusion, and nepotism practices (KKN). various rules related to the implementation of regional autonomy. In addition, the difficulty for the recovery of investment and export sectors is also due to the weakening of the national saing power, especially with the increasing number of economic competition between countries. The soft power of the saing is also due to the low productivity of the SDM and the low control and application of technology in the production process. Another problem that also has a strong influence is the limited infrastructure capacity in support of increased distribution efficiency. The prolonged completion of all the problems of the real sector above will interfere with the performance of the national economy, which in turn can reduce the nation's independence.

. .5. Despite the gradual decline, the poor population is still high, both in rural and urban areas, especially in agricultural and marine sectors. Therefore, poverty is still an important concern in the 20-year development that is coming. The extent of the region and its culture of social cultural societies caused problems of poverty in Indonesia to be very diverse with strong local properties and different poverty experiences. The problem of poverty is multidimensional, because it is not only about the size of income, but rather because of the vulnerability and the vulnerability of people or the public to be poor. In addition, poverty also concerns failure in the fulfillment of basic rights and the difference in the treatment of a person or group of people in a dignified life.

C. Science and Technology

., 1. Utilization, development, and iptek mastery has increased. Various research, development, and engineering technologies have been utilized by industry and society. The number of scientific publications has steadily increased despite its being still very low at the international level. This indicates an increase in research activities, scientific transparency, and activity disseminated by research and development.

., 2. However, the national capabilities of the mastery and utilization of iptek are still inadequate to improve competuability. It is shown, among other things, by the lack of iptek donations in the production sector, not to be effective intermediation mechanisms, weak policy synergies, not yet breeding the iptek culture in society, and the limited resources of the iptek power.

D. Means and Prasarana

.,, the present condition and infrastructure in Indonesia are still characterized by the low accessibility, quality, or coverage of the service. As a result, the existing means and infrastructure may not be fully the backbone for the construction of the real sector, including in order to support food security policies in the area, drive the production sector, as well as support the development of the region.

., 1. The development of water-reservoir infrastructure, such as reservoirs, bubbles, lakes, and situ, is still inadequate that it has not yet been able to meet the provision of water for a variety of needs, both agricultural, domestic, urban, and industrial especially in the dry season. It tends to be longer in some areas so it has a water crisis. The support of the degradation of irrigation infrastructure is still unreliable because it relies on only about 10 percent of the irrigation network that is relatively under control because it comes from the buildings of the water reservoir, and the rest is only rely on the availability of water in the river In addition, the development rate and infrastructure of water-damaged power controllers have also been unable to offset the degradation rate of the flood-causing environment so that catastrophic flooding is still a threat to many regions. In parallel with the development of the region's economy, many regions have experienced surface water deficits, while on the other hand the conversion of agricultural land has prompted changes in the function of irrigation infrastructure so that it needs to be done adjustment and control. On the development side of water resource management institutions, the weak coordination between agencies and the autonomous regions has led to inefficient water resource management patterns, which may not even clash with each other. On the other hand, public awareness and participation, as one of the most recent prerequisites of the sustainability of the water resource management pattern, still has not reached an expected level due to the limited opportunities and capabilities that have been achieved.

., 2. The economic crisis affected the decline of the quality of the means and infrastructure, especially the roads and railways whose conditions were particularly concerning. In 2004 about 46.3 percent of the total length of the road was mild and heavy, and there were 32.8% of the length of the railway line that was no longer operated. In addition, the land transport network and interisland transport network have not been integrated. As an island country or maritime country, there is still much need for inter-island transportation that is not yet fulfilled, either by the service of both the sea and the crossing. The role of the national fleet declined, both for domestic and international transport so that in 2004 each was only capable of meeting 54 percent and 3.5 percent respectively. In accordance with the prevailing international conventions, the national fleet is entitled to 40 percent of the market share for import-export loads and 100 percent for domestic transport. For air transport, with the application of multi-operator policies the airline's air transport is relatively capable of providing a service at a price that is affordable by the public. In addition to the problems caused by the economic crisis, the construction of transportation infrastructure is constraint primarily related to the limitations of development financing, operation and maintenance of the means and transportation infrastructure, and the low cost of the transportation infrastructure. Accessibility of the construction facilities and transportation infrastructure in some remote areas has not been combined with the construction of transportation and regional development for the general public group, thus providing limited transportation of its services. Similarly, the quality of the public transport services is decreasing, there is a level of congestion and pollution in some of the major cities that are increasingly severe, and the rate of accidents is higher. On the other hand, roles as well as private have not developed in relation to institutional and non-conducive laws.

., 3. In the era of globalization, information has economic value to promote growth and increase in the nation's saing power. The main problem in post construction and telematics is the limited capacity, range, and quality of the post and telematics of the telematics and telematics which results in the low ability of people accessing information. The conditions caused a growing digital gap, both in Indonesia and between Indonesia and other countries. From the side of the organizer service and postal infrastructure and telematics (side supply), the digital divide is caused by the (a) limited operator financing capability so that the maintenance activities and existing infrastructure and infrastructure are available. new development is limited; (b) has not been the occurrence of an equivalent competition and is still a high barrier to entry (barrier to entry) so that the role and mobilization of private funds have not been optimal; (c) has yet to double the source and other financing mechanism for funding the construction of the means and infrastructure of post and telematics, such as cooperation The private governments, the governments, as well as the private-people; (d) still low-optimize the utilization of existing means and infrastructure so that there is an unused national asset (idle); (e) its limited adoption capability and Technology adaptation; (f) limited utilization of domestic industry so that dependence on overseas industrial components is still high; and (g) still the limited application industry and material (content) developed by the organizers service of the means and the infrastructure. With respect to the ability of the public to utilize the services of the means and infrastructure of the demand side, the digital divide is caused by (a) the limited purchasing power of (ability to pay) of the community against the postal and telematics of the telematics and telematics; (b) still renown the ability of the public to utilize and develop information and communication technologies; and (c) the limited ability of the public to process information becomes economic opportunity, which is to make something value added. Economy.

., 4. In the field of means and energy infrastructure including electricity, the underlying problem, among other things, is still the magnitude of the gap between supply and energy requirements, including electrical power, which is becoming more critical in different regions, as it still is. Low levels of energy and energy infrastructure; still the low effectiveness and efficiency of the utilization of means and infrastructure in the last decade; still high consumer dependence. The fuel of the oil, and the strength of the equipment, and the strength of the oil, which must be imported; as well as inconsistent regulatory regulations. The uneven fulfilment of the energy needs and being faced with the area of Indonesian archipelago with a varied population density is difficult for the development of various types of optimal means and energy infrastructure. It is also affected by the potential location of widespread primary energy reserves and is largely away from the center of the burden; the limitations of human resources, science and technology; the high demand growth of different types of energy. years; and the conditions of the purchasing power of the society are still low.

. .5. With the growing population, housing needs up to 2020 is estimated to reach more than 30 million units so that the home demand per year is estimated to reach 1.2 million units. The data in 2004 noted that as many as 4.3 million households have not had a home. The provision of drinking water has also not experienced any meaningful progress. Based on the Housing and Settlement Statistics Data of 2004, the population (urban and rural) gaining access to new plumbing services reached 18.3 percent, only slightly increased compared to the previous 10 years (14.7). percent). Likewise, with the handling of the urban area and the new desication of 18.41 percent, it has reached 40 million people, while the scope of new drainage services serves 124 million.

E. Politics

., 1. The development of the democratization process from 1998 to the 2004 implementation process has given the opportunity to end the democratic transition to the process of consolidation of democracy. The change of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 has changed the fundamentals of the consensus in the holding of national and state life, both in the institutional and institutional landscape of the country. Civil society. The change in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, which later provided the space of various rules and laws in politics as its definition, has become an important part of the attempts to formulate the format. New politics for the consolidation of democracy. The Change of the Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 has expressly reorganized the structure and authority of state institutions including several additional state hosting, such as the Judicial Commission, the Electoral Commission, and the United States. Some other commission. Such arrangements have given the opportunity to be seen in the direction of scrutiny and balancing of (checks and balances) of political power. The change in the political format was included in Law No. 31 of 2002 on Political Parties, Law Number 12 of 2003 on Elections, Law No. 22 of 2003 on Susunan and the Occupation of MPR, DPR, DPD, and DPRD, as well as Act Number 23 of 2003 on the Presidential Election of the President and Vice President. As a new country a few years into the process of democratization, the process of institutional structuring does not rarely lead to conflicts of interest.

., 2. With regard to the Election, the important success that has been achieved has been the direct election of the members of the House, the DPD, and the DPRD, as well as the election of the president and the vice president directly, secure, and democratic in 2004. In addition, the election of the head of the region has bee of the reposition of the TNI and the Polri. The improvements to the reposition and role of TNI and Polri were confirmed through the MPR Decree number vI/MPR/2000 on the Separation of the Indonesian National Army and the Indonesian National Police and the MPR Decree No. vII/MPR/2000 on the Role of the Army National Indonesia and the role of the Indonesian National Police. Furthermore, the MPR Act was reinforced with the promulgations of Law No. 3 of 2002 on the State Defense, Law No. 2 of 2002 on the State Police of Indonesia, and Act No. 34 of 2004. About the Indonesian National Army. Nevertheless, the reposition has an impact on the unconnected handling of defense issues and domestic security issues that are supposed to be together with social security as a single unit in national security. Thus, reforms in the field of defence and security concern not only the separation between the TNI and the Polri, but also regarding the further arrangement of the relationship between the two and the institutional task and the authority. Each one

G. Laws and Aparatures

., 1. In the era of reform efforts the embodiment of the national legal system continues to include some things. First, the construction of the substance of the law, both written and unwritten laws have had a mechanism to form a better national law in accordance with the needs of the development and aspirations of the community, namely the Act of Number 10 of 2004 on the Establishment of the Laws. With such laws, the process of establishing law and law can be realized by certain, raw, and standardized methods that bind all the agencies that are authorized to make the rules. And improve the coordination and coordination of the process of establishment of law and law. Second, the refinement of a more effective legal structure continues. The fourth change of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 brought a fundamental change in the realm of justice with the establishment of the Constitutional Court, which had the right to test the Law on the Constitution of the State. The Republic of Indonesia in 1945 and the Commission of the Judiciary Committee will conduct oversight of the acts of conduct and behavior of judges. The increased independence of judges under Law No. 4 of 2004 on Justice's Power brings change to the convening of checks and balances in the holding of the country with the exception of administrative, organizational, and administrative authority. the financial institution of justice to the Supreme Court. The increase in independence does not mean it comes out of control and surveillance. With the formation of the Judiciary Commission whose membership membership is fairly representative, the oversight and control of the independence of the judicial institutions and the formation of the national legal system can be made more successful, so that it is the case of the judiciary. State functions in the field of law can be done more effectively and efficiently. Third, the repentance of all the components of the society that has a high legal consciousness to support the establishment of a national law system that is densated.

., 2. To date, the implementation of the country's development of the nation's apparatus has faced many problems in the state and government. The problem is that, among other things, abuse practices in the form of KKN and the lack of public expectations for the rapid, cheap, humane and quality of service. The earnest effort to eradicate KKN and improve the quality of public services has actually been widely done. However, the results were not quite encouraging. The institutional government, both in the center and in the area, is still not seen as effective in helping the implementation of the task and governance management system is also not efficient in generating and using resources. Efforts to improve bureaucratic professionalism are still not fully able to resolve the limitations of government funds.

H. Region and Space Tata

., 1. The Indonesian layout is currently in crisis conditions. The spatial crisis occurs due to the construction of a region still often carried out without following the plan of the layout, not considering sustainability and environmental support, and not noticing the vulnerability of the region to the environment. A natural disaster. The desire to gain short-term economic benefits often raises the desire to excessively exploit natural resources, thereby lowering the quality and quantity of natural resources and the environment, and enlarging. The risk of death toll from natural disasters. In addition, there is often a conflict of utilization of inter-sector space, for example the conflict between forestry and mining. Some of the main causes of the problem are (a) not exactly the competencies of human resources in the field of space arrangement management, (b) the low quality of the spatial plan, (c) has not yet been met with the setting of space arrangements. as an umbrella of the policy of the utilization of space for all sectors; and (d) the weak application of the law with respect to the utilization of space and law enforcement against the breach in respect of space utilization.

., 2. Generally, the population of the remaining areas still has limited access to social, economic, and political services and is isolated from the surrounding area. Therefore, the welfare of community groups living in the area left behind requires great attention and development from the government. Problems encountered in the development of areas left behind, including those still inhabited by remote indigenous communities, among others, (1) the limited access of transportation connecting the region left with relatively more advanced territory; (2) population densities are relatively low and dispersed; (3) most of these regions are poor resources, especially natural and human resources; (4) not to be reprioritied the development in the region left behind by local governments as it is not considered. generating native (PAD) native revenue directly; and (5) not yet The optimization of sector support is related to the development of those regions.

., 3. Many of the areas that have flagship products and strategic locations outside of Java have not been developed optimally. This is because, among other things (1) the limitations of market information and technology for the development of flagship products; (2) the lack of professional and entrepreneurial attitudes of the region's development offenders; (3) has not yet optimized the support national and regional policies that side with farmers and private enterprises; (4) have not developed institutional infrastructure oriented toward sustainable development in the region's economy; (5) it is still weak. coordination, synergy, and cooperation among the region's development abusers, both government, private, non-government agencies, and the public, as well as between the central government, the province, and the district/city, in an effort to increase the competuer power of the flagship product; (6) still the limited access of farmers and small-scale venture perpetrators against venture development capital, production input, technology support, and marketing network, in an effort to develop investment opportunities and investment cooperation; (7) infrastructure limitations and physical and economic means in support of developmeions in the field of state defense is currently in place. It is indicated that it is not only concerned with the conditions of insufficient weapons systems (alutsista) or the majority of age and technology, but it also concerns the human resources and its level of prosperity. In addition, part of the procurement process, maintenance, operation, and fulfillment of parts of the TNI alutsista still have a dependency on other countries.

., 3. The reform movement in the 90s wanted a total change in all areas of the country, including the demandsa demographic dividend, which is characterized by the number of productive age populations. rather than the number of non-productive age residents. These conditions need to be utilized optimally to improve the quality of SDM, competitively, and the welfare of the people. In addition, the distribution and mobility of the population needs to be attenuated so that the distribution and density of the population between Java and outside Java and between urban and rural areas can be reduced.

., 2. The low quality of Indonesian human resources measured by the human development index (IPM) resulted in the low productivity and competability of the national economy. Health and education development has an important role in improving the quality of human resources. In the health areas of development challenges facing, among others, are reducing public health status disparities and access to interregional health services, economic social level, and gender; increase in number and spread. less adequate health care; increase access to health facilities; and reduce the double burden of disease-the pattern of diseases suffered by most societies is infectious infectious disease, but at the same time An increase in the disease is not contagious and the rise Drugs and drugs. In the meantime, the challenges facing educational development are to provide qualified educational services to increase the proportion of the proportion of the population who completed primary education to higher education levels. Lowering the number of illiterate people, and lowering the level of education level between the wealthy and the poor, between the urban population and the rural population, between the population of the region. Forward and trailing, and intersexed. Challenges in the development of other education are improving the quality and relevance of reducing the quality of education between regions, among the sexes, and between the rich and the poor so that educational development can play a role. In encouraging national development thoroughly included in developing the pride of nationality, noble akhlak, the ability to live in a multicultural society, as well as improve competitively. Educational development is challenged to provide educational services throughout the hayat to leverage the demographic bonus.

., 3. The quality of life and the role of women and children in various areas of development is still low. It is, among other things, characterized by the low rates of gender development index (IPG) and the high acts of violence, exploitation, and discrimination against women and children; and underputting the welfare, participation and protection of the child. Thus, the challenges in the development field of women and children are to enhance the quality and role of women in various areas of development; decrease the acts of violence, exploitation, and discrimination against women and children; and improving the well-being and protection of the child. Meanwhile, challenges in youth and sports are optimizing youth participation in development as well as improving culture and sporting achievements. Another challenge is to lower the burden of social welfare problems that are increasingly diverse and increased due to a variety of social crises, such as the depleting of cultural and religious values; lowering the excesses and social symptoms of disparity. the social conditions of the public economy and the occurrence of social disasters and natural disasters; and increasing the fulfillment of the basic social needs of society.

., 4. The flow of globalization driven by the advancement of communication technology and information became the challenge of the Indonesian nation to preserve the identity of the nation and to use it for the development of tolerance for cultural diversity and the increased power of saing through the application of Pancasila values and the absorption of universal values.

. .5. Human development at its core is the complete human development. The challenges faced in religious development are to apply religious teachings in daily life, embodour internal and interreligious spirituation, and provide safe sense and protection from acts of violence.

B. Economy

., 1. The development of the economy to this day, although it has made various advances, is still far from its ideals to realize a formidable economy and to sew the entire layers of society. Therefore, the great challenge of the next 20-year economic progress is to increase the economic growth of moderately high and sustainable quality to realize the real improvement of well-being and reducing the growth of the economy. Outnumber from other nations that are more advanced.

., 2. Externally, the challenge is faced with a situation of economic competition between countries which are increasingly pointed at the rapidly increasing and widespread process of globalization. The economic power base that still relies heavily on the wages of cheap labor and the export of raw materials from the exploitation of non-renewable natural resources, for the future needs to be transformed into an economy whose products rely on SDM skills and relying on high-value and global saing products so that the export of raw materials can be reduced and replaced by export of high-value products and global saing power. The economic development of the regional economies in the region of East Asia and South Asia with the growth of the global economic giants in the future, such as China and India, is one of the main focuses that needs to be carefully considered in the drafting of the region. The development of the structure and power of the national economy. Thus, the integration of the national economy into the process of globalization can take advantage of its magnitude and may minimise the negative impact that appears.

., 3. Internally, the challenge is faced with the relative situation of the national population which is still relatively high and the ratio of the population of the productive age is estimated to reach the maximum level (about 50 percent of the total population) in the period of the year. 2020-2030. In that period, the workforce is expected to increase almost twice as much as the current condition. With the composition of the labour education that in 2004 was about 50 percent educated at grade level, in the next 20 years the composition of the workforce education was expected to be dominated by a junior-educated, junior-educated workforce. Up to high school. Thus, future economic capacity is being demanded to be able to grow and develop in order to be able to provide a viable additional field of work.

., 4. Another important internal challenge is the overagglomeration of the economic activity on the island of Java, which exceeds the optimal support of its environment. In the future, the economy is also demanded to be able to develop more proportionally across the homeland by encouraging economic development outside the island of Java, in order for the development of the development to reduce the economy. Regional inequality. In addition to being beneficial to maintain the balance of the environment, especially on the island of Java, it will also be useful to strengthen the domestic economy shown by diversifying the economy as well as improvements in job opportunities and Efforts so that in turn wi and Religious Life

., 1. In the next 20 years, Indonesia faces increasing numbers of the population. The population in 2005 amounted to 219.9 million people estimated to increase to around 274 million by 2025. In line with that various population parameters are expected to undergo improvements shown with the declining birth rate, the increasing age of life expectancy, and the decline of infant mortality rates. However, the quantity control and growth rate of the population is important to create a growing population in order to support e. It is a challenge that demands a variety of improvements, especially with regard to the industrial structure of providing the means and infrastructure and the importance of reforms in the financial sector to facilitate the need. The long-term funds of the community are stored in various financial institutions.

E. Politics

., 1. The toughest challenge in the next 20 years in political development is to keep the process of consolidation of democracy on a continuous level. In keeping with the democratic momentum, the challenges that will be faced are implementing political structure reform, perfecting the political process, and developing a more democratic political culture in order for democracy to run simultaneously and It continues to be the target of a procedural and substantial democracy that can be achieved. Another challenge faced to keep the consolidation of democracy was the need to agree on the importance of a more democratic constitution. The process of four (four) times the process of change remains a number of issues of imperfections in both philosophy and constitutional substance, especially in relation to institutionalization and the widespread adoption of democratic values.

., 2. The consolidation of democracy requires the support of the entire Indonesian community who are united in the NKRI container. The main challenge is to re-feed the important national unity of unity by paying attention to the diverse backgrounds and conditions. It includes aspects of decentralization, social justice, and politically sensitive that have not yet been settled, such as the problem of federalism, the issue of the Islamic syarial treatment, and the problems of state and religious relations. Another challenge in implementing the consolidation of democracy is to carry out national reconciliation to resolve and resolve issues that were still in place in the past, such as violations of human rights and acts of law. Political crimes committed in the name of the country. With regard to the current and new format of central relations, the challenge to the front is to create a central relationship with an area that is completely able to combine interests in the effort to strengthen the NKRI bond and keep it safe. The growing climate of democracy up to the local level or dynamics in different regions.

., 3. Another challenge to keep the consolidation of democracy was the need to reform the civil bureaucracy and the TNI-Polri. The consolidation of democracy requires the acting of reformist policies within the government and requires bureaucratic support that qualified professionalism, credibility and capacity, as well as efficiency and effectiveness. In addition, one of the greatest challenges of democracy is that it is still not strong in civil society, both in terms of economic and educational terms. Therefore, over the course of the next twenty years, political education will be a tool of social transformation towards democracy. The strong civil society depends heavily on the capacity of the public in response to and understanding the dynamics of the global market and the domestic market as well as interacting between countries, civil society, and markets in the realization of a democratic country. Another challenge to keep the process of consolidation of democracy is to encourage the building of independent political parties and have the capacity to carry out the political education of the people, aggregating and channeling the political aspirations of the people, and The leadership of the political leadership that will manage the organization of the country professionally.

., 4. The consolidation of democracy will be faced with the challenges of how to institute press freedom/mass media. Public access to free and open information, in many ways, will further ease control over the fulfillment of public interests. The role of free mass media is decisive in the process of finding, preventing, publishing various forms of misappropriation of power and corruption. Another challenge is to overcome the negative effects of the development of the press industry that tend to side with the capitalist interests and not to depress the interests of the wider public. The entire effort is in the context of putting the role of the press as one of the pillars of the democratic development of a country.

. .5. With regards to foreign relations, the challenge in the coming twenty years is to place the position of Indonesia on a global issue by taking advantage of the strategic position of Indonesia for the national interest and the global position of the country. revitalize the concept of national identity in foreign politics. In addition, along with other developing countries, Indonesian diplomacy also needs to continue to push towards the creation of a more equitable world economic order, increasing the support and role of various perpetrators in organizing foreign relations, And it's a political foreign relations and diplomacy. Indonesia's free and active foreign political conduct is aimed at supporting the efforts to strengthen the regional institutional role, especially to fight for the interests of developing countries at a regional level. Another challenge facing is executing the right strategy in the face of potential territorial conflicts with neighboring countries through efforts to follow up the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 which is one strategic step, both in the context of strengthening protection against the sovereignty of the region in terms of international law and the utilization of economic values as Indonesia is the largest island country in the world. In addition, the tendency of forward unilateralism can lead to the United Nations (UN) as a major institution in multilateral diplomacy to uphold international peace and security. To avoid this, Indonesia needs to voice and fight for important multilateralism globally by depanting the need for reform and democratisation of the UN to be a challenge that must be realized consistently and effectively. Sustained.

F. Security Defence

., 1. The international geopolitical changes characterized by the rapid rise of the principle of multilateralism and the effect of a unilateralism approach that have an impact on the development of a pre-emptive strike defense doctrine will change the political landscape. international and may penetrate the boundaries of a country ' s jurisdiction outside of the current applicable international law. In addition, strengthened the military capabilities of neighboring countries, significantly more than the defence capabilities of the Republic of Indonesia, have weakened the bargaining position of international diplomacy. Therefore, one of the main challenges of the development of the defense and security capabilities that must be overcome in the future is to build up a defense force that goes beyond the minimal defense force, so that it is respected in the regional and regional areas. International.

., 2. The potential and threat of low-intensity conflicts supported by the development of high technology methods and tools is expected to increase in the future. Such potential and threats are terrorism, communal conflict, transnational crime, crimes against the wealth of the country especially in the areas of the Indonesian marine jurisdictiolving the public in the process of decision making.

., 6. With the more limited resources mobilized by the government to meet the needs of development of the means and infrastructure, the government budget will be focused more on providing economically and socially and economically viable means. It's beneficial, but financially underworthy. Financially viable means and infrastructure projects will be built using public funds and opening opportunities for business, especially private in the framework of building facilities and infrastructurnd other productive farmland, the low increase in agricultural productivity, and the declining conditions of irrigation and irrigation infrastructure. In addition, conventional agricultural practices threaten the sustainability of natural resources and sustainability of agricultural production systems. On the other hand, the growing demand for farmland and other uses would threaten the existence of forests and the disruption of the balance of water. Worsening of the forest conditions due to rapid deforestation and the worsening of land closure in the upper reaches of the river basin led to the decline of water availability which threatened the decline of the water reservoir and the river in the dry season as well as the water supply. reduced water supply for agriculture and the operation of hydroelectric power plants (PLTA). In the meantime, the scarcity of renewable energy availability also continues because energy consumption patterns still show dependence on the source of renewable energy. The main challenge in the supply of energy is to increase the oil and gas production capabilities of the Earth and increase the acceptance of the devisa, increasing the energy infrastructure to make it easier for services to the community, and reducing dependency. against oil and increasing the contribution of gas, coal, as well as renewable energy such as biogas, biomass, geothermal heat, solar energy, ocean currents, and wind power. In addition, there is a possibility of nuclear power development that requires in-depth research on the security of used technologies, geographical locations, and risks that may be encountered.

., 2. Advances can be obtained by utilizing (a) the natural resources of the land (such as forests, mines, and land for cultivation whose coverage is limited by the sovereign state) and (b) marine resources, which are dispersed in the territorial sea region, The exclusive economic zone is up to 200 nautical miles and a right of management in the offshore region that can be more than 200 nautical miles. Optimizing oceanic resources for marine relations, fishing, tourism, mining, maritime industry, marine buildings, and marine services are the challenges that need to be prepared to be the future of the nation's future. Marine resource donations to a large national economy are second-placed after services. In fact, there is a trend of industrial saing power at the moment has shifted towards the marine-based industry. Future oceanic development requires the political and tangible support of the entire stakeholder, which is certainly the challenge of the entire nation's components.

., 3. The rise in environmental pollution caused by the population growth rate concentrated in urban areas, a consumptive change of lifestyle, and the low awareness of the public needs to be handled on a continuous scale. The advancement of transportation and industrialization, the pollution of rivers and the land by industry, agriculture, and households, caused a negative impact that resulted in the overall imbalance of the environmental system in the buffer of life. Humans. The long-term development sustainability also faces challenges in the presence of climate change and global warming that impact human activities and life. In the meantime, the utilization of biodiversity has not been developed as it should. The development of value added wealth biodiversity can be an alternative to the development resources that can be enjoyed, both by current and future generations, thus requiring a variety of research, protection, and utilization. lestari in addition to the efforts towards the sculptor (the right of intellectual property/HAKI). Therefore, the rescue of the ecosystem and its interior flora are integral to the building of Indonesian saing.

II. 3 BASIC CAPITAL

.,, the basic Capital of national development is the entire national source of power, both effective and potential, owned and day-owned by the Indonesian nation in national development.

., 1. Indonesia, which was declared on 13 December 1957 and was accepted as part of the international maritime law (UNCLOS, 1982), making Indonesia the most extensive island nation, the largest number of islands, and the coast of the United States. Second longest in the world. The geographical location of Indonesia on the equator as well as between two continents and two oceans is very strategic for the relationship between nations in the world. Such an Indonesian region is very important, because it is both a strength and a weakness and a threat to a policy of development in many fields, both in the social and cultural sphere. industry, region, environment, security defense, and the laws and apparatus of the country.

., 2. The natural wealth and biodiversity that are on land, sea, air and aerospace are limited in numbers so that the atonement should be carried out in a responsible way for the prosperity of the people.

., 3. The large population with a culture is very diverse and is a productive and productive resource for national development.

., 4. The political developments that had been through the early stages of reform have provided fundamental changes to democratization in the political and economic spheres and decentralization in the areas of governance and development management.


BAB III
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT VISION AND MISSION OF THE YEAR 2005-2025

., based on the current conditions of the Indonesian nation, the challenges faced in the coming 20 years by taking into account the basic capital owned by the Indonesian nation and the development tonsils listed in the Opening of the Country Basic Law The Republic of Indonesia in 1945, the national development vision of 2005-2025 is:

INDEPENDENT INDONESIA, ADVANCED, FAIR AND PROSPEROUS

.,, the national development vision of 2005-2025 it led to the achievement of national goals, such as being switched in the Opening of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of Indonesia in 1945. Such national development vision must be measured to be able to know the level of self-reliance, progress, justice and prosperity that it wants to achieve.

., the self-reliance is the nature of freedom, which is the right of every nation to determine its own destiny and to determine what is best for the people. Therefore, development, as an attempt to populate independence, must also be an attempt to build independence. Self-reliance is not self-reliance in isolation. Independence recognizes the unavoidable conditions of interdependence in society, both within a country and nation. Moreover, in the era of globalization and the free trade of dependency between nations is growing stronger. Such a self-reliance is proactive and not reactive or defensive. Independence is a dynamic concept for recognizing that the life and conditions of interdependence are constantly changing, both the constelation, the imposition, and the underlying values and affecting it.

.,, a self-serving nation is a nation capable of realizing life parallel and equal to other nations that have advanced by relying on their own abilities and strength. Therefore, in order to establish self-reliance, the absoonmental conditions, if not anticipated with appropriate policies and actions will be faced with three threats, namely the food crisis, the water crisis, and the energy crisis. The three crises are a long-term national challenge that needs to be wary of causing bad consequences for the lives of the people and the nation, which is the threat of the nation's unity, the rising spirit of separatism, and the decline of health. Society. The rapid increase in the population is limited to the limited food supply. This was due to the increasing conversion of rice fields anomy in order to be able to maximize benefits while minimizing the negative effects of integration with the dynamics of globalization. Such efforts are held through (a) the national position of positions in various international trade cooperation fora (global, regional, bilateral, and multilateral scale) to improve the competuation and access of national export markets at once. securing national strategic importance in order to expand poverty, decrease unemployment, develop poverty, and protect national economic activity from competitive international trade and trade practices. healthy, and (b) the development of imagery, the standard of goods products and national services of international quality, as well as the facilitation of the saing international trade.

., 21. The domestic trade is geared to strengthen the efficient and effective national distribution system which guarantees the certainty of trying to realize (a) the development of effective trading institutions in consumer protection and competitive enterprise. In health, (b) the integrity of national economic activity and the rise of domestic production awareness, (c) the increasing trade between regions and regions, and (d) the availability of staple materials and other strategic goods. At an affordable price.

., 22. These are developed in order to promote economic activity and improve the image of Indonesia, improve the welfare of the local community, and provide an expansion of employment opportunities. The development of the resort utilised the diversity of the charm of natural beauty and national potential as the world's broadest maritime tourist area in the arable and sustainable world, as well as encouraging economic activities associated with the development of the nation's culture.

., 23. Development of small and medium enterprises (UKM) is directed to become increasingly iptek-based and saing-based economic offenders with imported products, especially in providing goods and services to the needs of the community so that it is capable of contributing that significant in structural changes and strengthening the domestic economy. For that, the development of the UKM is conducted through an increase in the competency of entrepreneurship and increased productivity supported by increased adaptation to market needs, the utilization of innovation results and the application of the technology in the A healthy, healthy climate. The real development of the UKM will be integrated into the modernization of agribusiness and agroindustrial, including those that support food security, as well as the formulation of industrial competitively and competitively through the development of industrial families, acceleration. Technology, and the improvement of the quality of human resources.

., 24. The financial sector is developed to continue to have the ability to maintain economic stability and finance the goals of qualified economic growth and is able to have the durability of possible crisis fluctuations through the implementation of the system. Indonesia ' s financial sector safety net, increased contribution of bank and non-bank financial services institutions in development funding especially increased funding access for poor families, both in rural and urban, as well as increased the quality of national banking growth. Thus, any type of investment, both short-term and long-term, will be subject to a source of funding that corresponds to the characteristics of financial services. In addition, the growing financial institutions will provide more funding alternatives to the whole layer of society.

., 25. The improvement of the financial management of the country rests on a transparent, responsible budgeting system, and can guarantee the effectiveness of the utilization. In order to increase independence, the role of foreign loans is maintained at a safe level. In the meantime, the domestic primary source of taxation continues to be enhanced by its effectiveness. The main importance of government financing is the creation of development financing that can guarantee the increased capability of public services, both in the provision of basic services, infrastructure and physical and economic means, as well as supporting improvement. Economic competuation.

.,C. Mastery, Development, and the Monitoring of Science and Technology

., 26. Iptek development is directed to create and master the science of both basic and applied science, as well as develop the social sciences and the humanities to generate technology and leverage the technology of the research results, development, And to the well-being of people, self-reliance, and competeness of the nation through the increased capability and capacity of the iptek that is constantly guiding on the value of religion, cultural value, ethical values, local wisdom, and the attention of resources and Sustainability of the environment function.

., 27. Iptek development is geared towards supporting food and energy security; the creation and utilization of information technology and communication; the provision of transportation technology, the need for defense technology, and health technology; technology development material advanced; as well as an increase in the number of inventions and its use in the production sector. Such support is conducted through the development of iptek human resources, increased research budget, development of synergy policy of cross-sector policy, formulation of the research agenda aligned with market needs, increased means and infrastructure. iptek, and the development of iptek intermediation mechanism. Such support is intended for the strengthening of the innovation system in order to encourage the development of knowledge-based economy. In addition, efforts to increase domestic and international research cooperation between research and development institutions (R&D), universities and the world of business and the new industrial development of R&D products with capital support. Ventura.

D. The Adequate Means and Prasarana Are Forward

., 28. The role of government will be more focused on the formulation of the policy of development of means and infrastructure, while the private role in the provision of means and infrastructure will be further enhanced primarily for commercial projects. Private cooperation in the construction of means and infrastructure is geared towards (a) providing the means and transportation infrastructure for the trade and industrial distribution services as well as passenger and freight movements, both in scope National and international; (b) eliminate the gap between supply and need as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of electrical power; (c) improve the teledensities of the telematics of the community of service users; and (d) meet the needs of occupancy for The people and the city don't come to the city

., 29. Development of water resources is geared towards the realization of water functions as a social goods resource (social goods) and an economic resource that is balanced through a unified, efficient, effective, justice, and efficient management of water functions through the development of the water resource. It is sustainable so that it can guarantee the needs of the living and can improve the welfare The balancee with practice. best (the best practice) international, which is capable of encouraging increased resistance as well as value added national economy and which is able to support strategic interests in the development of human resources within the country that includes Professional development, mastery and utilization of national technology, and the improvement of national interests in poverty alleviation and development of the economic activities of the desicity.

., 20. Foreign trade is more profitable and supports the national ecohe construction of the law was also directed to eliminate the possibility of criminal corruption and to deal with and resolve issues related to collusion, corruption, nepotism (KKN). Legal development is implemented through the renewal of legal material by staying attenuating to the fates of the prevailing legal order and the influence of globalization as an effort to improve certainty and protection of law, law enforcement and fundamental rights. Human rights, legal awareness, and legal services, which are intruded to justice and truth, order and welfare in order to host a country that is increasingly orderly, orderly, smooth, and global saing.

., 35. The construction of the state apparatus was carried out through bureaucratic reforms to improve the professionalism of the state and to realize good governance, at the center and in the area to be able to support the success of the development of the country. Other fields.

IV. 1.3 EMBODIED DEMOCRATIC INDONESIA-BASED LAW

., the Democratic-based Democratic law is an important foundation to realize the development of an advanced, independent and fair Indonesia. Democracy can increase public participation in various development activities, and maximize the potential of society, as well as improve accountability and transparency in the hosting of the country. The law is essentially aimed at ensuring the emergence of positive aspects and hinting the negative aspects of humanity and ensuring justice for all citizens regardless of social class, race, ethnicity, religion, and social class, and is the most important for all citizens. Gender. The laws that are obeyed and follow will create order and guarantee the basic rights of the community to the maximum.

., to realize a democratic and fair Indonesia is done by establishing the institutionalization of a more sturdy democracy; strengthening the role of civil society so that the bottom-up participatory development process can run; cultivate public response (responsive community) that would encourage the voluntary spirit (spirit of voluntarism) that is in line with the meaning of royong's gotong; strengthening the quality of decentralization and autonomy of the region; ensuring the development and freedom of the media in communicating the interests of the community; performing the improvements the legal structure and improving the legal culture and enforcing the law fairly, consequent, undiscriminatory, and sided with the small people.

., 1. The improvement of the political structure focused on the institutionalization of democracy was conducted with (a) promoting and socializing the importance of the existence of a strong constitution and having high credibility as a basic guideline for a sustainable democratization process; (b) organizes the relationship between political institutions, the institutional security of the security in a country's life; (c) increasing the performance of the state organizer institutions in exercising the authority and the the functions provided by the constitution and the rules of the invitation; (d) establish the implementation of decentralization and autonomy of the region and prevent the disintegration of the region and the division of the nation; (e) carry out the national reconciliation of its tuntas; and (f) create further democratic institutionalization to support The ongoing consolidation of democracy is continuous.

., 2. The arrangement of the role of state and society is emphasized in the establishment of independence and the maturity of society and the establishment of a strong tapestry in economics and education. In addition, the role of state and society's role is geared towards the positive functions of functions, indigenous institutions, and political parties to establish a society's independence in managing a variety of potential conflicts. socially that can be destructive as well as empowering the various positive potential of society for development. Efforts to encourage the embodiment of a strong civil society need to also pay attention to the market's influence in the social political life of national politics in order to prevent negative excesses and social inequalities that are detriment to people's lives.

., 3. The alignment of the political process emphasized in a representation of power embodied with (a) increasing the quality of the process and the more open mechanism of public selection for political and public officials as well as (b) the more visible and more visible. embody a firm political commitment to the importance of the freedom of mass media as well as the extent of unions, assembly, and the opinion of each citizen based on their respective political aspirations.

., 4. The development of political culture emphasised on the cultivation of democratic values is pursued through (a) the creation of cultural consciousness and the cultivation of democratic political values, especially the respect of human rights values, values of equality, anti-human values. violence, as well as the values of tolerance, through various discourse and media as well as (b) efforts embody various dialogue discourse for increased awareness of the importance of nurturing the unity of the nation.

. .5. The increasing role of communication and information emphasised in the repressions of society in political life is done by (a) realizing the freedom of the press that is more established, institutions and guarantees the right of the wider community to argue and to the public. controls the course of a smart and democratic country; (b) embodied a greater description of the information by encouraging the emergence of independent media-mass media; (c) realizing greater deregulation in the field. broadcasting so that it can further guarantee the unifying information nationally and prevent a monopoly of information; (d) creates an interactive information network between society and the political decision-makers to create a policy that is easier to understand the broad community; (e) creates a technology network information and communications that are able to link the entire link of information in the country between as a entity capable of binding and expanding the integrity of the nation; (f) utilizing information technology networks and communications effectively. to be able to provide more comprehensive information to the community international in order that there is no misconception that can lay Indonesia on a difficult political position: as well as (g) enhance the role of independent agencies in the areas of communication and information to better support the society's represenation process. in political life and the embodiment of more established freedom of the press.

., 6. The construction of the law was directed at the more the form of a steady national legal system sourced to Pancasila and the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, which included the construction of legal materials, legal structures including legal apparatus, means and the The legal infrastructure; the embodiment of a society that has a high level of legal awareness and culture in order to realize the state of the law; and the creation of a fair and democratic life of society. The construction of the law is implemented through legal reform by keeping an attenuation of the prevailing legal ordh. The fulfillment of such needs is made through a demand responsive approach and an integrated approach with the natural resource sector and the environment, water resources, and health.

E. Legal and bureaucratic reforms

., 34. The development of laws is geared towards supporting sustainable economic growth; regulating issues related to the economy, especially the world of business and the industrialized world; and creating investment certainty, especially enforcement and the development of the law. Legal protection. Tbility, in order to be simultaneously able to cope with the threat and to have the effect of the gendership. In the system of the universe, a national defense would be designed to have the ability to ward off threats in the overseas territories of Indonesia and the ability to maintain land area as well as supervise and protect the marine jurisdiction. Indonesia and the national air space.

., 4. The posture and structure of the defense are directed to answer various possible challenges, actual problems, and the development of long-term capabilities that conform to the geographic conditions and dynamics of society. The posture and structure of the ground defences were directed to cope with the diverse terrain and topographical conditions, rapid movement between the region and the interland and overcoming the threat efficiently. The posture and structure of the sea is directed to build the ability to overcome the vastness of the archipelago on the surface and depth and provide support and compatibility with the movement of the land and air. The posture and structure of the matra air is directed to be able to supervise especially the national air space and parts of the regional air space, able to wave the minimum needs of national airspace guard, initiate space utilization, and provide support. With the intermatra joint operation.

. .5. The increased professionalism of the Indonesian National Army was exercised by maintaining political neutrality and concentrating on defense duties in the form of military operations for war and military operations in addition to the war through focus. The development of human resources and the construction of alutsista. As the main component of defence, the human resources of the TNI are prepared by fulfilling the adequates of the number of personnel of every matra embodied in always trained conditions; it has high ground mastery; it has operational mastery and the maintenance of modern warfare equipment; it has solid military doctrine and organization; it has good personal management; it is capable of developing humanitarian tasks, response to technological advances and social development of society; and have a competency in a full-time job. The increase in professionalism from the human resources of the TNI is offset by improving the well-being through the adequates of salary, provision and facilitation of residence, health assurance, educational improvement, and the preparation of the insurance scheme of the time. Duty.

., 6. The increasing conditions and the number of alutsista of each matra are exercised according to the validation of posture and the defense structure to be able to transcend the needs of minimal defense force The fulfilment of the needs of alutsista is met gradually in line with the financial capabilities of the state on the basis of technological development, the principle of self-reliance, ease of interoperability and care, and strategic alliance. The development of alutsista is directed by a high-tech tool acquisition strategy with the effect of deterrence and fulfillment of effective and efficient operational basic needs and developing and developing potential within the country, including industry National defense in the principle of sustainability.

., 7. Deposits of reserve components and proponents of state defense within the framework of the technology strategy base, and financing continue to be improved in processes that are continuous and breakthrough. The improved capabilities of such defense support components include mastery of the ability to use natural and artificial resource conditions, synchronization of national means and infrastructure on defense interests, community participation. The tapestry of defense policy, civil-defense components, support for national defense industry mutualism directly or industrial conversion capability, as well as sustainability of financing through financial engineering.

., 8. The protection of Indonesian naval jurisdiction was enhanced in an effort to protect the resources of the sea for the great prosperity of the people. Protection against the territory of Indonesian marine jurisdictions is carried out by increasing the strength and ability of defence to conduct international supervision and law enforcement and to improve the detection and detection capabilities of the sea. The protection of Indonesian air jurisdiction is enhanced as an effort to thoroughly preserve national sovereignty by establishing a national monitoring and detection system in the airspace and increasing the ability to counteract flights. Illegal.

., 9. Security development is geared towards improving Polri's professionalism and institutions related to security issues and improving the role and society in order to realize the cost of security and order of society, orderly and of its power. the law, as well as the convening of protection, and the service of the community.

., 10. Improvement of Polri's professionalism is achieved through the construction of core service competencies, improvements to the ratio of police to the population, the coaching of human resources, fulfillment of the needs of the main tool, as well as increased supervision and control mechanisms of the Police. The direction of organizational development and policing functions is adjusted to change in the strategic environmental conditions of the main controlling factor is the anticipation of the development of regional characters and demographic factors. The professional human resources professionalism was enhanced through the refinement of selection, educational improvement and training, and the construction of the "spirit of the corps". The increase in professionalism was followed by the gradual improvement of the welfare of the police apparatus through rising income, provision and facilitation of residence, health assurance, and full-duty benefits. The role as well as the public in the creation of public security will be built through the mechanisms of population oliver. The population is responsible for the creation of security and order in the form of cooperation and partnership with the police in maintaining security and order.

., 11. The improvement of the professionalism of intelligence agencies and counter intelligence in detecting, protecting, and conducting preventive measures of various threats, challenges, obstacles, and disorders that are influential to the interests of national security.

IV. 1.5 EMBODIED A MORE EQUITABLE AND EQUITABLE DEVELOPMENT

.,, sustainable development and can be enjoyed by the entire component of the nation in various regions of Indonesia will increase the active participation of the public in development, reduce security disruption, as well as abolish the potential social conflict for It's an advanced, independent, fair and fair Indonesia.

., 1. Development of the region is organized by regard to the potential and opportunities of land and/or sea resources in each region, as well as to pay attention to the principles of sustainable development and the support of the environment. The main objective of the development of the region is the improvement of the quality of life and welfare of society and its description The implementation of the development of the region is planned and integrated with all seate of the Republic of Indonesia which includes scattered and diverse land including the outermost islands, the region Maritime jurisdiction up to include the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the continuous runways, as well as the national air space. Furthermore, the defence capability was increased in order to have the effect of detractors to support the bargaining position of the diplomacy.

., 3. National defense systems and strategies have been continuously enhanced to realize the system of the universe based on defense capa
., 13. Increasing inter-regional cooperation will continue to be enhanced in order to utilize both comparative and competitive advantage of each region; eliminating the excessive government's ego; and avoiding the efficiency of inefficiencies in service. the public. Development of inter-regional cooperation through interregional networking systems will be useful as a means of sharing experience, sharing the benefits of cooperation, and sharing the responsibility of financing proportionally, both in development and the maintenance of the facilities and infrastructure and other construction.

., 14. The food security system is geared towards maintaining national food security and sustainability by developing a domestic production capability supported by the institutional food security that is capable of ensuring the fulfillment of food needs at the level of food. a household, whether in quantity, quality, security, or affordable prices, which are supported by diverse food sources according to local diversity.

., 15. The developed cooperative is widely developed as an effective vehicle to improve the bargaining position and the collective efficiency of its members, both manufacturers and consumers in various sectors of economic activity, thus becoming an economic movement. which plays a real role in the efforts of improving social welfare and the public economy. In the meantime, microventure empowerment is becoming a strategic option to increase the income of low-income community groups in order to reduce income inequality and poverty through increased capacity and business capacity. Business and Development and Development.

., 16. In the course of the development of justice, the development of social welfare was also carried out by paying greater attention to the disadvantased groups of people, including the poor and the communities living in remote areas, left behind, and the disaster area.

., 17. The development of social welfare in order to provide protection to the disadvantased group of society is refined through the strengthening of the social security agencies supported by the rules of the invitation, funding, and the system of numbers. Population parent (NIK). Social reassurance is exercised by considering the culture and institutional roots that are rooted in society.

., 18. The social security and protection system is structured, laid out, and developed to ensure and establish the fulfillment of people's rights to basic social services. The national social security system (SJSN) which is already refined with the national social protection system (SPSN) supported by legislation and funding as well as the Occupation Carrier system (NIK) can provide protection It's full of people. Gradually, the development of SPSN and SJSN exercised with regard to culture and systems that were already rooted in the wider public.

., 19. The fulfillment of housing and its infrastructure and its supporting means is directed at (1) the sustainable, adequate, and affordable housing development by the purchasing power of the community and supported by the infrastructure and the means of the settlement. Sufficient and professional managed, credible, independent, and efficient; (2) housing development and infrastructure development and self-supporting facilities are able to evoke the potential for financing that is derived from the communities and the capital markets, creating jobs, as well as improving The development and distribution of development; and (3) the construction of housing development and infrastructure and its supporting means that concern the functioning and balance of the living environment.

., 20. The fulfillment of the basic needs of the public drinking water and sanitation is directed at (1) improving the quality of asset management (asset management) in the provision of drinking water and sanitation; (2) fulfillment of the minimum needs of drinking water and sanitation. base for society; (3) the hosting of both credible and professional drinking water services; and (4) the provision of cheap financing sources in the service of drinking water and sanitation to poor communities.
., 21. The poverty countermeasures are directed at respect, protection, and the gradual fulfillment of the basic rights of the people by focusing on the principle of equality and discrimination. In parallel with the process of democratization, the fulfillment of the basic rights of the people was directed at an increased understanding of the importance of realizing the fundamental The policy of poverty relief was also directed at improving the quality of regional autonomy as part of the efforts to fulfill the basic rights of the poor.

IV. 1.6 INDONESIA ' S ASRI AND LESTARI INDONESIA

.,, the natural resources and living environment are capital of national development and, as well as the opperation of life systems. Sustainable natural resources will ensure the availability of sustainable resources for development. An asri-life environment will improve the quality of human life. Therefore, in order to realize the developed, independent, and fair Indonesia, natural resources and the environment must be managed in a balanced way to ensure the sustainability of national development. The implementation of sustainable development principles across all sectors and regions is a major prerequisite in the implementation of various development activities.

1. Mendayagunwill Natural Resources of Renewable Energy.
.,, the renewable natural resources, both on land and in the sea, must be managed and utilized rationally, optimally, efficiently, and responsively with the overall functioning and benefits of the benefits. The management of renewable natural resources in critical condition is directed at the efforts to rehabilitate and restore its supporting power, which is directed at the utilization of environmental services, and thus is not increasingly destructive and destructive. Eliminating its capabilities as a capital for sustainable development. Results or revenues derived from the use of renewable natural resources are reinvested in developing recovery efforts, rehabilitation, and backup for current and future generations. In addition, the use of renewable natural resources will be directed to meet the domestic energy requirements by utilizing marine-based resources and agricultural products as alternative energy.

2. Managing the Unrenewable Natural Resources.
.,, the management of non-renewable natural resources, such as mining, minerals, and energy resources are directed not to be consumed directly, but rather treated as input, both raw materials and fuel, for the production process. that can generate optimal added value in the country. In addition, the renewable natural resources of their harvester should be as efficient as possible and implement the expansion of the reserve strategy and be directed to support the production process within the country. The utilization of non-renewable energy resources, such as petroleum and petroleum, is primarily geared towards meeting the affordable energy needs of people in the country and to support hydrocarbon-based industries, such as industry petrochemical, the fertilizer industry in support of the agricultural sector in the countnstitutional capacity of local government, the financial capacity of the local government, as well as the capacity of regional legislative institutions. In addition, public empowerment will continue to be developed through increased knowledge and skills; increased access on venture capital and natural resources; granting broad opportunities to convey aspirations to policies and regulations which concerns their lives; as well as increased opportunities and the ability to manage productive economic ventures that bring prosperity and overcome poverty.

towards sustainable development patterns based on the management of the ecosystem-based marine resources, which includes aspects of human resources and institutional, political, economic, environmental. live, cultural social, security defense, and technology.

., 1. It evokes the insights and culture of the language, among others, through (a) education and public awareness of marine that can be realized through all paths, types, and educational bodies; (b) preserving cultural values as well as the knowledge of the language. and revitalized local customs and customs in the field of marine; and (c) protected and socialized the cultural heritage of underwater through preservation, restoration, and conservation efforts.

., 2. Enhance and strengthen the role of human resources in the field of marine realized, among others, with (a) encouraging quality education and training services in the marine field for the fields of excellence balanced with the availability of workfields and (b) developed the standard of human resource competence in the marine field. In addition, there is also an increase and reinforcement of the role of science and technology, research, and development of marine information systems.

., 3. Establishing the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, its assets, and related matters, including obligations that have been outlined by the United Nation Convention on the Law Of Sea (UNCLOS) 1982. Indonesia has ratified the UNCLOS in 1986 so that it has an obligation, among others, (a) completing the rights and obligations in managing marine resources under the terms of the UNCLOS 1982; (b) completing the maritime boundary arrangement (water). Inland, territorial sea, additional zone, exclusive economic zone, and continental shelf; (c) completing the continental shelf boundary outside 200 nautical miles; (d) relay the report of the geographic name data of marine resources to the United Nations. On the other hand, Indonesia also needs the development and application of national governance and institutional governance, which includes (a) the construction of a system of laws and governance that supports it into Indonesia as an Islands State. as well as (b) the development of coordination, planning, monitoring, and evaluation systems.

., 4. Conduct an attempt to secure the jurisdiction of the jurisdiction and assets of the Republic of Indonesia's Republic of Indonesia, which includes (a) an improved defense and security performance in the border region; (b) system development monitoring, control, and survaillance (MCS) as an instrument of resource security, environment, and marine region; (c) optimizing implementation of border region security and leading small islands; and (d) increased security coordination and handling A breach at sea.

. .5. Developing marine industry synergy, optimal, and sustainable including (a) marine relations; (b) maritime industry; (c) fisheries; (d) nautical tours; (e) mineral energy and resources; (f) marine buildings; and (g) marine services.

., 6. Reducing the impact of coastal disasters and pollution is carried out through (a) development of disaster mitigation systems; (b) development of early warning system; (c) national planning development of emergency oil spill in the sea; (d) the development of marine pest control systems, the introduction of alien species, and marine organisms that attach to the ship ' s walls; as well as (e) the impact control of the remains of buildings and activities at sea.

., 7. Improving the welfare of poor families in coastal areas was undertaken by developing small-scale productive economic activities capable of providing a wider employment field to poor families.

.,IV. 1.8 INDONESIA WHO PLAYED AN ACTIVE ROLE IN INTERNATIONAL PROMISITY

.,, executing a world order based on independence, eternal peace, and social justice is a constitutional mandate that must be fought consistently. As a geographically large country and population, Indonesia actually has the opportunity and the potential to influence and shape international opinion in order to fight for national interests. In order to make Indonesia forward, independent, fair and prosperous, Indonesia is essential for active role in foreign politics and other cooperation in both regional and international levels, considering the constellation of politics and relations. Other interns that continue to experience these changes very quickly.

., 1. The role of foreign relations continues to be enhanced by the emphasis on the empowerment process of Indonesia's position as a country, including increased capacity and national integrity through involvement in international organizations, which is done through the optimization of the use of diplomacy and foreign relations by positively feeding on a wide range of opportunities that are beneficial to the emerging national interests of a new perspective in dynamic international relations.

., 2. The strengthening of the capacity and credibility of foreign politics in order to participate in the creation of world peace, the justice of international relations, and the efforts to prevent a strong opposition from being too sharp among the countries. different ideologies, and political systems and interests not to threaten international security while preventing the emergence of overly hegemonic-unilateralistic forces in the world.

., 3. The improvement of the quality of diplomacy on international fora in the efforts of national security maintenance, territorial integrity, and the safeguarding of the wealth of natural resources, both the land and the sea, as well as the anticipation of new issues in relation. The international that will be dealt with with the primary parameters is the optimal achievement of national interest.

., 4. Increased effectiveness and expansion of the functioning of the existing network of cooperation in order to rebuild the solidarity Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN) in the political, economic, cultural, and security areas towards the formation of the more ASEAN communities. Solid.

. .5. The maintenance of world peace through an attempt to increase mutual understanding of politics and culture, between countries and world society and the improvement of international cooperation in establishing the international economic relations and cooperation of the international economy. More balanced.

., 6. The strengthening of the network of productive relationships and cooperation between the country actors and the non-state actors that organizes foreign relations.

IV. 2 STAGES AND PRIORITY SCALE

.,, to achieve the underlying objectives as referred to above, long-term development requires the stage and scale of priority that will be on the agenda in the medium-term development plan. The stage and scale of priorities that are set reflects the urgency of the problem to be resolved, without ignoring the other problems. Therefore, the priority scale pressures in each stage are different, but all of that must be continuous from the period to the next period in order to realize the subject of the long-term development.
.,, each subject matte /> 11. Improve Public Awareness to Love the Environment.
., the policy was directed primarily for the younger generation that it created a quality human resource and cared for the issue of natural resources and the environment. Thus, in the future they are able to act as a driving force for the application of sustainable development concepts in everyday life.

.,IV. 1.7 MAKES INDONESIA AN INDEPENDENT, ADVANCED, STRONG, AND NATIONAL INTEREST-ISLAND NATION

.,, the future marine development geared between government and the business world; improving quality and relevance of education; as well as encouraging economic institutional structuring The community's initiative is in the economic activity. The conditions are supported by the development of a network of transportation infrastructure, as well as post and telematics; increased utilization of renewable energy, especially bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, wind power, and solar power for electricity; and the development of water resources and the development of housing and settlements. Along with that, the marine industry which includes marine relations, maritime industry, fisheries, maritime tourism, energy and mineral resources are developed synergically, optimally, and sustainable.
.,, in the framework of sustainable development, the management of natural resources and the preservation of the function of the environment are growing increasingly through institutional reinforcement and increased awareness of the community characterized by its growth. the process of rehabilitation and conservation of natural resources and the environment, which is accompanied by an appeal to the active participation of the public; the biodiversity of the biodiversity and the pecurariness of other tropical natural resources used to realize add value, the nation ' s saing power, as well as the national development capital at a time will come; its institutional mantapas and antisipative capacity as well as disaster relief at every level of government; as well as the laterness of marine development as a movement supported by all sectors. These conditions are supported by the increasing quality of spatial planning as well as the consistency of spatial utilization by integrating it into related development planning documents and regulatory enforcement in order to control space utilization.

IV. 2.3 RPJM 3rd (2015-2019)

.,, in the event of performance, achievement, and as a continuation of the 2nd RPJM, the 3rd RPJM is intended to further establish development in a wide range of areas by emphasizing the attainment of competitive economic competitively based on the development of the economy. the excellence of natural resources and quality human resources as well as the increasing capabilities of science and technology.
., as the road with safe and peaceful conditions throughout Indonesia, the national defense and security capabilities in the country are becoming increasingly marked by the building of the professionalism and the security of the country's defense and security institutions. As well as the increasing adequate of the soldier's welfare and the availability of the main tools of the Indonesian military armament system and the main tool Polri through the empowerment of national The life of a nation's democracy is increasingly rooted in the life of the nation in line with the increasing institutional values of democracy in the principle of tolerance, non-discrimination and partnerships and the increasingly mannable of conduct. Decentralization and regional autonomy. The conditions led to the strengthening of Indonesia's leadership and contribution in many international cooperation in order to realize a more equitable and peaceful world order in many aspects of life. Together with that awareness and law enforcement in various aspects of life developed steadily as well as the professionalism of the state's apparatus in the centre and regions increasingly capable of supporting national development.
., the welfare of the people continues to improve, increasing in proportion to the welfare levels of the middle-income countries, and evenly driven by the increasing economic growth that is accompanied by a guarantee agency. Social. The quality of human resources continues to improve characterized by the increasing quality and relevance of education, including those based on local excellence and supported by efficient and effective educational management of education; rising health degrees. and the nutritional status of the community; increasing gender equality; the increasing growth of optimal growth, as well as the well-being and protection of the child; the rising of the conditions of the population is balanced; and the tapas culture and character of the nation.
.,, the continuing implementation of sustainable development is mirrored by the environment the environment supports the environment and the ability to restore order to support the quality of social and economic life in a sericable, balanced, and sustainable development. managing and managing natural resources that are balanced with the preservation efforts of the environment function and are supported by rising awareness, mental attitudes, and societal behavior; as well as the institutional and structuring capacity. space in all parts of Indonesia.
.,, the Indonesian economy is growing stronger and more competitive with the growing the manufacturing industry with agriculture, marine and other natural resources sustainably; the availability of the infrastructure supported by the The government and the world of business, the increasing the development of education, science and technology and industry and the performance of economic institutional development to encourage increased efficiency, productivity, mastery and the application of technology by the public in the economic activity.
.,, Availability of infrastructure in accordance with the spatial plan marked by the development of the transport infrastructure network; the availability of reliable and efficient electrical power supply as needed so that the electrification of the household and the The electrification of the desication could be achieved, and it began to use nuclear power for power generation by considering the strict safety factor; the efficient and modern postal service and telematics for the creation of the power plant. the Indonesian information society; the form of conservation of the water resources that It is able to maintain the sustainability of the water resource function and the development of water resources and the provision of drinking water to meet the basic needs of the community. In addition, the development of the development infrastructure will continue to be developed, especially in support of agricultural development. In line with that, the fulfilment of the dwelling needs equipped with infrastructure and supporting means for the whole community continues to increase as it is supported by a long-term, efficient, efficient, and accountable housing financing system. The conditions further boosted the form of a city without slums.

IV. 2.4 RPJM 4th (2020-2024)

.,, on the basis of performance, achievement, and as a continuation of the 3rd RPJM, the 4th RPJM is intended to realize the self-sustaining, advanced, fair, and prosperous Indonesian society through accelerating development in various fields by emphasizing the The building of a sturdy economic structure is a competitive edge in a wide range of areas supported by quality and competitively free SDM.
.,, the political and legal institutions have been created marked by the creation of a consolidation of a strong democracy in various aspects of political life and the supremacy of law and enforcement of the human rights; in its form a sense of safety and peace for all. The people of the Republic of Indonesia and oftential growth centers outside Java; as well as the increasingly positive and productive new values in order to establish the culture and character of the nation.
.,, the economic competitively increased through strengthening the manufacturing industry in line with the strengthening of agricultural development and increased marine development and other natural resources according to the region ' s potential integrated as well as rising development of science and technology; acceleration of infrastructure development by further enhancing cooperation