Key Benefits:
The Minister of Ecology and Sustainable Development,
In view of Title I of Book V of the Environment Code, and in particular Article L. 512-5;
In view of Decree No. 77-1133 of 21 September 1977, as amended for the purposes of Act No. 76-663 of 19 July 1976;
Having regard to the order of 10 September 1970 concerning the classification of the covers of combustible materials in relation to the danger of fire resulting from An external fire;
Seen the June 30, 1983, amended and dated August 3, 1999 orders made pursuant to the Construction and Housing Code;
In light of the amended April 20, 1994 Order, relating to the declaration, classification, packaging and Labelling of substances;
In the opinion of the High Council of Classified Facilities,
Stop:
Overview
This Order applies to covered bonded warehouses under heading No. 1510 of the Classified Facility Nomenclature.
All the provisions of this Order Applies to warehouses or significant modifications to existing warehouses, which are the subject of an application for leave submitted after a period of six months after the date of publication of the order.
For warehouses whose request Without prejudice to the provisions already applicable:
-the provisions of Articles 3, 10, 22, 23, 24 and 25 shall apply within a period of six months After the date of publication of the order;
-the provisions of Articles 14 and 15 shall apply within one year after the date of publication of the order.
The provisions of this Order do not apply to warehouses Refrigerators.
The following means:
Covered warehouse: installation, consisting of one or more buildings with minima of a roof, referred to in heading No. 1510.
Refrigeration warehouse: warehouse in which Temperature conditions are regulated and maintained according to the products, whether they are refrigerated (warehouses with positive temperature) or frozen or frozen (warehouses at negative temperature).
Cell: part of a compartmentalized warehouse, Purpose of Articles 8 and 9.
Height: the height of a warehouse building is the height of the roof, that is, the height at the top of the roof of the building (excluding separable walls above the roof).
Bands for Protection: strips arranged on sealants along the dividing walls between cells, designed to prevent the spread of a disaster from one cell to another by the roof.
Reaction and Fire Resistance of Elements of Construction, class and T30/1 index, inflamed drops: these definitions are those contained in the orders of 10 September 1970 relating to the classification of the covers of combustible materials in relation to the fire hazard resulting from a Outside fire, of 30 June 1983 as amended and of 3 August 1999 taken pursuant to the code of construction and housing.
Hazardous substances: substances or preparations contained in the amended Order of 20 April 1994 (such as toxic, Flammable, explosive, dangerously reactive with water, oxidizing or oxidizing).
The operator maintains a status of the stored materials. This state indicates their location, the nature of the hazards and their quantity.
The operator shall have, on the site and before receipt of the materials, safety data sheets for dangerous substances, provided for in the code of the Job.
These documents are maintained in an easily accessible manner at the disposal of the fire and rescue services and the inspection of classified facilities.
Implantation. -Accessibility
The issuance of the authorization to operate is subject to removal from the outer walls of the warehouse in relation to:
-residential buildings, buildings occupied or occupied by Third parties and areas intended for housing, other than those related to the warehouse, and traffic lanes other than those required to serve or operate the warehouse, of a ZI distance corresponding to effects Lethal in the event of a fire;
-high-rise buildings, public establishments, railway tracks open to passenger traffic, waterways or basins, excepting stormwater retention ponds and Fire water supply, and to highway lanes other than those necessary for the servicing or operation of the warehouse, of a distance of Z2 corresponding to the significant effects in the event of a fire.
Distances Of remoteness Z1 and Z2 shall have minima to take into account the thermal effects and toxic effects of smoke in the event of fire.
These distances result from the instruction of the application for authorization and the examination of the hazard study.
The Zones corresponding to these remoteness distances are mentioned in the prefectural authorization decree.
On the other hand, the exterior walls of the warehouse or the structure elements in the case of an open warehouse are located at a Minimum distance of 20 metres from the establishment's premises.
With the exception of the potential housing for the custodian of the warehouse, the same partial allocation to the house is excluded in the buildings subject to this Order.
The warehouse must be permanently accessible to allow fire and rescue services. At least one lane is maintained for traffic on the perimeter of the warehouse. This road must allow access to fire engines and the crossings of fire engines.
From this track, firefighters must be able to access all the exits from the warehouse by a stabilized path of 1.40 At least one metre wide.
For any building larger than 15 metres, "ladder" access must be provided for each façade. This provision is also applicable to warehouses of several levels with at least one floor at a height of more than 8 metres in relation to the emergency access level.
Vehicles with a presence related to operation Of the warehouse shall be capable of parking without causing discomfort to the external traffic lanes at the warehouse while leaving the necessary access to the relief, even outside the hours of operation and opening of the warehouse.
Warehouse Fire Behavior Provisions
In general, the constructive provisions are intended to ensure that the ruin of an element (walls, roof, posts, beams, etc.) as a result of a disaster does not A chain ruin of the structure of the building, in particular the surrounding storage cells, or their overlapping devices, and does not promote the collapse of the structure to the outside of the first cell on fire.
To Prevent the spread of a fire to the warehouse or between parts of the warehouse, the warehouse checks the following minimum constructive conditions:
-the exterior walls are constructed of M0 materials, unless the building is equipped with a Automatic fire extinguishing device;
-in the case of the roof, its supporting elements are made of M0 materials and the thermal insulation (if any) is made of M0 or M1 higher calorific power (PCS) materials Less than or equal to 8.4 MJ/kg. The whole of the roof (supporting elements, insulation and sealing) must satisfy the class and the index T 30/1;
-the materials used for natural lighting shall not, in a fire, produce inflamed drops;
-for Warehouses of two or more levels, the floors are 2-hour firewalls and the fire stability of the one-hour structure for those whose last level floor is more than 8 metres from the interior floor. For single-ground warehouses more than 12.50 metres in height, the structure's fire stability is one hour, unless the building has an automatic fire extinguishing device and a specific engineering study Fire concludes with a ruin kinematics showing the non-collapse of the structure to the outside of the first fire cell and the absence of a chain ruin, and a fire kinetics compatible with the evacuation of persons and The intervention of emergency services;
-the interior stairways connecting separate levels, in the case of floors located more than 8 metres from the interior and considered to be emergency exits, are enclosed by fire-resistant walls of Degree 1 hour and constructed of M0 materials. They must lead directly to the open air, if not on interlocking circulations of the same degree of fire. The interior door blocks on these stairs are a 1-hour flame arrester;
-equipment maintenance shops are insulated by a wall and a 2-hour firebreak ceiling or located in a remote area of at least 10 metres Storage cells. The intercommunication doors are 2-hour firewalls and are equipped with a door lock;
-offices and social facilities, with the exception of "wharves" offices intended to accommodate staff working directly on the Storage and wharves, are located in a remote closed room of at least 10 metres from the storage cells, or isolated by a wall, ceiling and intercommunication doors with a door-door, which are all firewalls of degree 2 hours, without Be contiguous with cells where hazardous materials are present.
Storage cells are divided into disgassing townships with a maximum area of 1,600 square metres and a maximum length of 60 metres. The cantons are delimited by cantonment screens, made of M0 materials (including their fixations) and stable at the heat of a quarter of an hour, or by the configuration of the roof and structures of the building.
Cantons of Deenfumage is equipped in high part with smoke exhaust, flue gas, heat and unburned products.
Automatic and manual control outfalls are part of the smoke evacuation devices. The useful surface of all such outfalls shall not be less than 2 % of the area of each of the disenches.
There must be at least four outfalls per 1,000 square metres of roof area. The useful surface of an outlet shall not be less than 0.5 square metres or more than 6 square metres. Evacuation devices shall not be implanted on the roof within 7 metres of the firewalls separating the storage cells.
The manual control of the outfalls is at least two opposite points of the warehouse So that the actuation of an order prevents reverse switching by the other controls. These manual controls are easily accessible from the building or any of the storage cells.
Fresh air of an area equal to the surface of the outfalls of the largest canton, cell by cell, is Made either by openers in front, or by buoys connected to conduits, or by the doors of the cells to be disgummed giving on the outside.
Compartmentage and Storage Management
The warehouse is compartmentalized into storage cells to limit the amount of burning combustible material during a fire.
This compartmentalization must prevent the spread of a fire From one storage cell to another.
To achieve this goal, cells must meet the following requirements:
-walls separating storage cells must be minimum 2-hour firewalls;
- Drills made in the walls or separatory walls, for example for the passage of sheaths, are rebouched in order to ensure a fire degree equivalent to that required for these walls or separatory walls;
-the openings made in the Walls or separatory walls, for example for the passage of technical galleries, are equipped with devices ensuring a fire degree equivalent to that required for these walls or separatory walls;
-the connecting doors between the cells shall Be a 2 hour fireguard and equipped with an automatic closing device which must be able to be ordered on either side of the cell separation wall. The automatic closing of the fire doors shall not be obstructed by obstacles;
-the separative walls shall exceed by at least 1 metre the cover of the right of the crossing. The roof shall be covered with a protective strip on a minimum width of 5 metres on both sides of the separatory walls. Alternatively to the protective strips, a dry column along the separative walls can provide this protection, subject to justification;
-if the outer walls do not have a firebreak 1 hour, the separative walls of These cells are extended laterally to the outer walls on a width of 1 metre or 0.50 meter protruding from the facade in the continuity of the wall.
The size of the storage cell surfaces should be limited to reduce the amount of combustible material on fire and to prevent the spread of fire from a Cell to cell.
The maximum cell surface area is 3000 square metres in the absence of an automatic fire extinguishing system or 6000 square metres in the presence of an automatic fire extinguishing system.
Prefect may Authorise the operation of the warehouse for higher cell sizes in the presence of automatic fire extinguishing system, subject to a justification of the level of safety by the operator, including a specific study Fire engineering within the meaning of the sixth paragraph of Article 6. This justification must be subject to a critical analysis in accordance with Article 3 of Decree No. 77-1133 of 21 September 1977. The authorisation may be granted only after consulting the higher board of installations classified in the light of a report of the inspection of classified installations and of the opinion of the departmental board of hygiene.
Chemically incompatible materials or which can react in a dangerous way, or which are likely to aggravate a fire, should not be stored in the same cell.
From More, hazardous materials must be stored in specific cells. These particular cells are located on the ground floor without being topped with floors or levels.
The soil of the areas and the premises for the storage or handling of hazardous materials or capable of creating water or soil pollution must be watertight, Fuel and equipped in such a way as to be able to collect wash water and materials that are accidentally spilled.
Any storage of liquid materials capable of creating water or soil pollution must be associated with a capacity of Internal or external retention whose volume must be at least equal to the greater of the following two values:
100 % of the capacity of the largest reservoir; and
50 % of the overall capacity of the associated tanks.
However, when Storage shall consist exclusively of containers of unit capacity less than or equal to 250 litres, admitted to transport, the minimum volume of the holding shall be equal to the total capacity of the receptacles if that capacity is less than 800 Litres, or 20 % of the total capacity with a minimum of 800 litres if this capacity exceeds 800 litres. This paragraph does not apply to storage of flammable liquids.
Tanks or receptacles containing substances that can react dangerously together should not be associated with the same holding tank.
All measurements are taken to collect all water and flows that are likely to be polluted in a disaster, including the water used for fire suppression and cooling, in order to They are recovered or treated in order to prevent pollution of soils, sewers, waterways or the natural environment. This containment can be done by internal or external devices to the storage cells. Internal devices are prohibited when hazardous materials are stored.
In the case of external containment, the canalized materials should be collected and then converted to a specific capacity. Outside the building. The flow orifices shall be fitted with an automatic sealing device to ensure this confinement. Any means must be put in place to prevent the fire from spreading through these flows.
The volume required for this containment is determined, particularly in light of the hazard study, based on the rapidity of intervention and the means And the nature of the material stored, and mentioned in the prefectural order.
The facility's effluent and stormwater collection systems are equipped with fillers to maintain all pollution Accidental, in the event of a disaster, on the site. These devices are maintained in a state of operation, reported and actionable in all circumstances locally and from a control station. Their maintenance and operation are defined by instructions.
Fire Fighting Vehicles
Automatic fire detection in storage cells with alarm transmission to the operator is mandatory. The type of detector is determined based on the products stored.
The warehouse shall be equipped with fire fighting capabilities appropriate to the hazards and in accordance with the applicable standards, including:
-one or more fire appliances (mouths, poles, etc.) public or private, including one at 100 metres of risk, or water points, basins, tanks, etc. This water system, whether public or private, is intended to provide the discharge and the amount of cooling and cooling water assessed in the hazard study in all circumstances. Fire equipment flow is mentioned in the prefectural order of authorization;
-fire extinguishers in the interior of the warehouse, on the outside areas and at sites with specific risks, in the vicinity of the Clearances, visible and easily accessible. The extinguishing agents shall be appropriate to the risks to be combated and compatible with the stored materials;
-armed fire taps, distributed in the warehouse according to its dimensions and located close to the exits. They are arranged in such a way that a home can be simultaneously attacked by two spears in opposite directions. They can be used during freezing.
The operator must justify to the prefect the actual availability of water flows.
In the event of installation of fire extinguishing systems, fire extinguishing systems shall be designed, installed and Regularly maintained in accordance with current standards.
Warehouse Operation Terms
In accordance with the provisions of the Labour Code, the parts of the warehouse in which there may be personnel include clearances for rapid evacuation.
In addition, the Minimum of these exits shall make it possible that any point of the warehouse shall not be more than 50 metres effective (a person's journey in the aisles) of one of them, and 25 metres in the parts of the warehouse that form cul-de-sac.
Two From at least the outside of the warehouse or on a protected area, in two opposite directions, are provided in each storage cell with a surface greater than 1,000 square metres. In the presence of staff, these exits are not locked.
In accordance with the provisions of the Labour Code, electrical installations shall be carried out, maintained in good condition and verified. In the vicinity of at least one exit, is installed a central switch, well reported, allowing to cut the power supply for each cell.
Metal equipment (tanks, vats, pipes) must be grounded and Connected by a network of equipotential links, in accordance with the applicable regulations and standards, taking into account, in particular, the explosive or flammable nature of the products.
Electrical current transformers, when they Are attached or inside the warehouse, are located in closed doors largely ventilated and insulated from the warehouse by a wall and firewalls, equipped with a door closet. This wall and these doors are fireproof 2 hours.
The warehouse is equipped with a lightning protection facility in accordance with standards NF C 17 100 and NF C 17 102.
In the case of artificial lighting, only electric lighting is permitted.
Fixed lighting fixtures are not located at points likely to be Encountered during operations or are protected from shocks.
In all circumstances, they are removed from the material stored in order to avoid heating.
Without prejudice to the provisions of the Labour Code, the premises shall be properly ventilated to avoid any risk of exploitable atmosphere. The battery charging space of self-propelled trucks must be separated from storage cells by walls and fire doors, with a door shut. These walls and doors are two-hour firewalls. Charging of batteries is prohibited outside recharge premises or, in the case of automated warehouses, outside special areas designed for this purpose in cells.
The outlet to the atmosphere of ventilation shall be placed as far as Possible adjacent homes and offices.
The ventilation ducts are equipped with fire breaks at the separation between the cells, restoring the firewalls of the crossing wall.
If there is a boiler, the boiler is located in a space exclusively reserved for that purpose, outside the warehouse or isolated by a 2-hour firewalls. Any communication between the premises and the warehouse shall be carried out either by means of a lock chamber equipped with two half-hour flame doors, equipped with a door-door, or by a 2-hour fireproof door.
Outside the Heating is installed:
-a valve on the burner power line to stop the fuel flow;
-a circuit breaker stopping the operation of the fuel pump;
-one Sound warning device, in the event of a malfunction of the burners, or an equivalent warning system of equivalent effectiveness.
The heating of the warehouses and their annexes can be carried out only by hot water, steam produced by a Thermal generator or other system with equivalent degree of safety. Gas-to-gas heating systems are not permitted in storage cells.
In the case of an indirect hot air heating produced by a thermal generator, all hot air ducts are fully Made of material M0. In particular, the metal pipes, when they are insulated, are only lined with M0 calorifuges. Firewalls are installed if the pipes cross a wall between two cells.
Unprotected electrical heating is permitted in separate administrative or social spaces or isolated from the cells of the Storage.
The means of heating equipment handling machines, if they exist, have the same security guarantees as those provided for the premises in which they operate.
Office space heating Of wharves, if they exist, have the same security guarantees as those provided for the premises in which they are located.
Premises should be kept clean and regularly cleaned, especially so as to avoid dangerous or dirty piles of materials and dust. Cleaning equipment must be adapted to the risks posed by the products and dust.
Repair or development work leading to an increase in risk (e.g., use of a flame or a hot spring) can only be done after the issuance of a " permit "And possibly a" licence of fire " and respecting a particular notice.
The "permit d' intervention" and possibly the "permit of fire" and the particular instruction must be established and referred to by the operator or By a person named by name. When the work is carried out by an outside company, the "intervention permit" and possibly the "fire permit" and the special installation safety deposit must be signed by the operator and the company Or the persons named by them.
After the completion of the work and prior to the resumption of the activity, a verification of the facilities shall be carried out by the operator or his representative or the representative of the possible External company.
Without prejudice to the provisions of the Labour Code, instructions for the application of the provisions of this Order shall be established, kept up to date and posted in the frequented places By staff.
These instructions must include:
-the smoking ban;
-the prohibition of any open burning;
-the prohibition of fire in any form except, where applicable, in the Offices separated from storage cells;
-the requirement of the "permit to work" or "fire permit" referred to in section 22;
-emergency shutdown and installation safety procedures (electricity, ventilation, Air conditioning, heating, closing of fire doors, sewerage of sewers in particular);
-the means of extinguishing to be used in the event of a fire;
-the alert procedure with the telephone numbers of the person responsible Operation of the facility, fire and rescue services.
For any surface storage above 50,000 square metres, an internal operating plan is established by the operator.
In the quarter following the start of operation of any warehouse, The operator arranges a fire defence exercise, through the implementation of the internal operation plan, if there is a fire. It is renewed every two years.
Before the warehouse is put into service, the beneficiary of the authorisation shall send to the Prefect a certificate of compliance with the provisions of this Ministerial Order and the Prefectural Order of Authorisation, Established by his or her care, if any, with the support of a control office or audit firm.
The Director of Pollution Prevention and Risk is responsible for the execution of this Order, which will be published in the Official Gazette of the French Republic.
Done at Paris, 5 August 2002.
For the Minister and delegation:
The Director of the
Pollution and Risk Prevention,
Risk Associate Major,
P.
Vesseron
