Key Benefits:
Publics concerned: responsible for user establishments, breeders or animal suppliers used for scientific purposes.
Subject: corrections of editorial errors and transcription errors in three transposition orders of Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.
Entry into force: the day after the publication of the text in the Official Journal of the French Republic.
References: the texts amended by this Order are available, in their drafting, on the website Légifrance (http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr).
Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy, Minister of National Education, Higher Education and Research, Minister of Defence, Minister of Social Affairs, Health and Women's Rights, Minister of Agriculture, Agri-Food and Forestry, spokesperson for the Government, and Minister of Economy, Industry and Digital,
In view of the rural and maritime fisheries code, including chapter IV, section 6, title I, of Book II;
Having regard to the decision of February 1, 2013 on the acquisition and validation of the skills of personnel of the user establishments, breeders and animal suppliers used for scientific purposes;
Having regard to the decision of February 1, 2013 on the ethical assessment and authorization of projects involving the use of animals in experimental procedures;
In view of the decision of February 1, 2013, setting out the conditions for the accreditation, development and operation of the user establishments, breeders or suppliers of animals used for scientific purposes and their controls,
Stop:
The decision of February 1, 2013 referred to above concerning the acquisition and validation of the skills of the personnel of the user establishments, breeders and suppliers of animals used for scientific purposes is amended as follows:
I.-Section 1 is amended to read:
The words: "animals used for scientific purposes" are added after the words: "any farm breeder, supplier or user".
II.-In the title of the Appendix, the words "in section 5" are replaced by the words "in section 4".
The above-mentioned decision of February 1, 2013 concerning the ethical assessment and authorization of projects involving the use of animals in experimental procedures is thus amended:
In section 5, point o, the words: "the person responsible for the overall implementation of the project" are replaced by the words: "the person or persons responsible for the overall implementation of the project".
The above-mentioned decision of February 1, 2013, setting out the conditions for the accreditation, development and operation of the user establishments, breeders or suppliers of animals used for scientific purposes, and their controls are thus modified:
I.-To the I of Article 4, after the words: "The structure responsible for the well-being of animals referred to in Article R. 214-103" are inserted the words: "the rural code and the marine fisheries".
II.-The title of Appendix I is completed as follows:
"ANNEX I.-ELEMENTS COMPONENT TO THE GOVERNMENT DOSSIER"
III.-Appendix II, section B, is replaced by the schedule to this Order.
The present order will be issued in the Official Journal of the French Republic.
Annex
Section B: specific section
1. Temperature
The guidelines for the temperature of the premises for animals hosted in cages or in indoor enclosures are shown in the table below:
Primates of the New World | 20-28 |
Smile Rat Hamster Gerbille Cobaye Primates of the Old World Caille | 20-24 |
Rabbit Cat Dog Furet Poultry Pigeon | 15-21 |
Porc Chèvre Mouton Bovin Horse | 10-24 |
In some special cases, for example very young or naked animals, or post-operative accommodation, temperatures of accommodation premises higher than those indicated may be required.
2. Dimension of cages or enclosures
2.1. Souris, rats, gerbilles, hamsters and guinea pigs
In the following mice-related tables, rats, stacks, hamsters and guinea pigs, the "compartment height" refers to the vertical distance between the ground and the upper horizontal part of the compartment; This height is applicable for more than 50% of the minimum floor surface of the compartment, prior to insertion of enrichment elements.
When designing the compartments, the potential growth of the animals should be taken into account in order to ensure adequate space (according to Tables 1.1 to 1.5) throughout the study.
Table 1.1
Smile
Reserve and during procedures | up to 20 more than 20 to 25 more than 25 to 30 more than 30 | 330 330 330 330 | 60 70 80 100 | 12 12 12 12 | 1 January 2017 |
Reproduction | 330 | 12 | |||
For a monogamous couple (non-consanguin/consanguin) or a trio (consanguin). For each additional female with its range, add 180 cm2. | |||||
Breeder reserve (*) Size of the compartment: 950 cm2 | less than 20 | 950 | 40 | 12 | |
Size of the compartment : 1 500 cm2 | less than 20 | 1 500 | 30 | 12 | |
(*) Deered mice can be accommodated with these higher population densities during the short period following the withdrawal until they reproduce, provided that they use larger compartments and ensure sufficient enrichment and that these conditions of accommodation do not reduce the well-being of animals, e.g. causing greater aggressiveness, morbidity or mortality |
Table 1.2
Rats
Reserve and during procedures (*) | up to 200 more than 200 to 300 more than 300 to 400 more than 400 to 600 more than 600 | 800 800 800 800 1 500 | 200 250 350 450 600 | 18 18 18 18 18 | 1 January 2017 |
Reproduction | 800 | 18 | |||
Mother and worn. For each additional adult animal permanently introduced into the compartment, add 400 cm2. | |||||
Breeder Reserve (**) Size of the compartment : 1 500 cm2 | up to 50 more than 50 to 100 more than 100 to 150 more than 150 to 200 | 1 500 1 500 1 500 1 500 | 100 125 150 175 | 18 18 18 18 | |
Breeder Reserve (**) Size of the compartment : 2 500 cm2 | up to 100 more than 100 to 150 more than 150 to 200 | 2,500 2,500 2,500 | 100 125 150 | 18 18 18 | |
(*) For long-term studies, if the space allocated to each animal becomes less than that indicated at the end of the studies in question, priority must be given to maintaining stable social structures. (**) Severe rats can be accommodated with these higher population densities during the short period following the withdrawal until they reproduce, provided that they use larger compartments and ensure sufficient enrichment and that these conditions of accommodation do not reduce the well-being of animals, e.g., causing greater aggressiveness, stereotyping or morbidity |
Table 1.3
Gerbilles
Reserve and during procedures | up to 40 more than 40 | 1 200 1 200 | 150 250 | 18 18 | 1 January 2017 |
Reproduction | 1 200 | 18 | |||
Monogame or trio couple with descendants |
Table 1.4
Hamsters
Reserve and during procedures | up to 60 more than 60 to 100 more than 100 | 800 800 800 | 150 200 250 | 14 14 14 | 1 January 2017 |
Reproduction | 800 | 14 | |||
Mother or monogamous couple with range. | |||||
Breeder reserve (*) | less than 60 | 1 500 | 100 | 14 | |
(*) Severe hamsters can be accommodated with these higher population densities during the short period that follows the withdrawal until they reproduce, provided that they use larger compartments and ensure sufficient enrichment and that these conditions of accommodation do not reduce the well-being of animals, for example, causing greater agressivity, |
Table 1.5
Cobayes
Reserve and during procedures | up to 200 more than 200 to 300 more than 300 to 450 more than 450 to 700 more than 700 | 1 800 1 800 1 800 2,500 2,500 | 200 350 500 700 900 | 23 23 23 23 23 | 1 January 2017 |
Reproduction | 2,500 | 23 | |||
Couple with range. For each additional breeding female, add 1 000 cm2. |
2.2. Rabbits
In the context of agricultural research, where the objective of the project requires that animals be accommodated in conditions similar to those of high farm animals for commercial purposes, accommodation must at least meet the standards set out in Directive 98/58/EC (1).
A platform must be provided inside the compartment. This platform must allow the animal to extend or sit there and move easily below; it must not cover more than 40% of the ground space. If there are scientific or veterinary reasons not to use a platform, the size of the compartment must be greater than 33% for a single rabbit and 60% for two rabbits. When a platform is available for rabbits less than 10 weeks, the size of the platform must be at least 55 cm on 25 cm and the height must allow the animals to use it.
Table 2.1
Rabbits over ten weeks
Table 2.1 concerns cages and enclosures. The additional surface is 3,000 cm2 per rabbit, for the third, fourth, fifth and sixth, and at least 2,500 cm2 for each additional rabbit beyond six.
less than 3 more than 3 to 5 more than 5 | 3 500 4 200 5 400 | 45 45 60 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 2.2
Bunny with range
less than 3 more than 3 to 5 more than 5 | 3 500 4 200 5 400 | 1 000 1 200 1 400 | 45 45 60 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 2.3
Rabbits less than ten weeks
Table 2.3 concerns cages and enclosures.
7 weeks of withdrawal 7 to 10 weeks | 4,000 4,000 | 800 1 200 | 40 40 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 2.4
Rabbits: optimal dimensions of platforms for compartments corresponding to the dimensions shown in Table 2.1
more than 10 | less than 3 more than 3 to 5 more than 5 | 55 × 25 55 × 30 60 × 35 | 25 25 30 | 1 January 2017 |
2.3. Cats
Cats cannot be accommodated individually for more than twenty-four hours in a row. Cats that are often aggressive to other cats must be isolated only if it is not possible to find them a compatible companion. Stress related to social interactions must be controlled at least every week in all individuals hosted by pair or group. Females with kittens less than four weeks or in the last two weeks of gestation can be accommodated individually.
Table 3
Cats
The minimum area of which a pussy and its scope must have is the same as that for a single cat and must be gradually increased so that, at the age of four months, the kittens are relocated in accordance with the space requirements for adults.
The feeding areas and those for litter bins should not be less than 50 centimetres apart and should never be put in place either.
Minimum for an adult animal | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 | 1 January 2017 |
For each additional animal | 0.75 | 0.25 | - | |
(*) Ground surface excluding platforms. |
2.4. Dogs
Dogs must be able, to the extent possible, to spend on the outside. Dogs should not be accommodated individually for more than four hours in a row.
The interior compartment shall be at least 50% of the minimum available space for dogs as specified in Table 4.1.
The dimensions given below are based on the values required for beagles, but the giant breeds, such as the St.Bernard or the Irish Wolfhound, must have a much larger space than the one shown in Table 4.1. For breeds other than beagle, the necessary space must be determined in consultation with veterinary personnel.
Table 4.1
Dogs
A dog housed with another dog or group may be confined in half of the total space provided (2 m2 for a dog under 20 kg, 4 m2 for a dog over 20 kg) while subjected to procedures within the meaning of this directive, if this isolation is indispensable for scientific reasons. The containment period cannot exceed four hours in a row.
A breastfeeding bitch and its range must have the same space as a single dog of equivalent weight. The parturition compartment must be designed so that the bitch can move in an additional compartment or on a platform, away from the puppies.
up to 20 more than 20 | 4 8 | 4 8 | 2 4 | 2 2 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 4.2
Dogs after withdrawal
up to 5 more than 5 to 10 more than 10 to 15 more than 15 to 20 more than 20 | 4 4 4 4 8 | 0.5 1.0 1.5 2 4 | 2 2 2 2 2 | 1 January 2017 |
2.5. Furets
Table 5
Furets
Animals up to 600 g Animals over 600 g Adults Females and young people | 4 500 4 500 6 000 5 400 | 1 500 3,000 6 000 5 400 | 50 50 50 50 | 1 January 2017 |
2.6. Primates
Young primates should not be separated from their mother before the age of six to twelve months depending on the species.
The environment must allow primates to engage in complex activities on a daily basis. The compartment must allow them to adopt behaviours as varied as possible, give them a sense of security and offer them a complex environment to allow them to run, walk, climb and jump.
Table 6.1
Yesstitis and tamarins
Yesstitis | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 1 January 2017 |
Tamarins | 1.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | |
(*) Animals must be accommodated individually only in exceptional circumstances. (**) The top of the compartment must be at least 1.80 m from the ground. |
Young oristitis and tamarins should not be separated from their mother before the age of eight months.
Table 6.2
Saïmiris
2.0 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Animals must be accommodated individually only in exceptional circumstances. |
Young sairs must not be separated from their mother before the age of six months.
Table 6.3
Macaques and vervets (*)
Animals under 3 years (**) | 2.0 | 3.6 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1 January 2017 |
Animals 3 years or older (***) | 2.0 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
Animals detained for reproduction (****) | 3.5 | 2.0 | |||
(**) A minimum size compartment can accommodate up to three animals. (***) A minimum size compartment can accommodate up to two animals. (****) In a breeding colony, no additional space/volume is required for young animals up to the age of two hosted with their mother. |
Young macaques and vervets should not be separated from their mother before the age of eight months.
Table 6.4
Babouins (*)
Animals under 4 (**) | 4.0 | 7.2 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 1 January 2017 |
Animals 4 years or older (**) | 7.0 | 12.6 | 6.0 | 1.8 | |
Animals detained for reproduction (***) | 12.0 | 2.0 | |||
(**) A minimum size compartment can accommodate up to two animals. (***) In a breeding colony, no additional space/volume is required for young animals up to the age of two hosted with their mother. |
The young baboons must not be separated from their mother before the age of eight months.
2.7. Farm animals
In the context of agricultural research, where the objective of the project requires that animals be accommodated in conditions similar to those of high farm animals for commercial purposes, accommodation must meet at least the standards set out in Directives 98/58/EC, 91/629/EEC (2) and 91/630/EEC (3).
Table 7.1
Bovins
up to 100 more than 100 to 200 more than 200 to 400 more than 400 to 600 more than 600 to 800 more than 800 | 2.50 4.25 6,00 9,00 11.00 16,00 | 2,30 3.40 4.80 7.50 8.75 10.00 | 0.10 0.15 0.8 0.21 0.24 0.30 | 0.30 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 1.00 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 7.2
sheep and goats
less than 20 more than 20 to 35 more than 35 to 60 more than 60 | 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 | 0.7 1.0 1.5 1.8 | 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.5 | 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 | 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.50 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 7.3
Porcs and mini-porcs
up to 5 more than 5 to 10 more than 10 to 20 more than 20 to 30 more than 30 to 50 more than 50 to 70 more than 70 to 100 more than 100 to 150 more than 150 adults (conventional) | 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 7.5 | 0.20 0.25 0.35 0.50 0.70 0.80 1.00 1.35 2.50 | 0.10 0.1 0.8 0.24 0.33 0.41 0.53 0.70 0.95 1,30 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Porks can be locked in smaller compartments for short periods of time, for example by dividing the main compartment with partitions, if justified by veterinary or experimental reasons, for example when individual food is needed. |
Table 7.4 Post requirements
Equides
The shortest side must have at least 1.5 times the height of the animal at the withers. The height of the interior compartments should allow animals to stand entirely.
HIGH (m) | SURFACE AU SOL MINIMALE PAR ANIMAL (m2/animal) | HIGH minimum (m) | DATE of application | ||
For each animal individually hosted or group of three animals maximum | For each animal Hosted in group four or more animals | Rolling box (June + colt) | |||
1.00 to 1.40 more than 1.40 to 1.60 more than 1.60 | 9.0 12.0 16,0, | 6.0 9.0 (2 x HG) 2 (*) | 16 20 20 | 3.00 3.00 3.00 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) To ensure sufficient space, the minimum dimensions for each animal are calculated on the basis of the height at the withers (HG). |
2.8. Birds
In the context of agricultural research, where the objective of the project requires that animals be accommodated in conditions similar to those of high farm animals for commercial purposes, accommodation must meet at least the standards set out in Directives 98/58/EC, 1999/74/EC (4) and 2007/43/EC (5).
Table 8.1
Domestic chickens
When compartments of the minimum size indicated below cannot be provided for scientific reasons, the duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel. In these circumstances, birds may be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.75 m2.
up to 200 more than 200 to 300 more than 300 to 600 more than 600 to 1,200 more than 1,200 to 1,800 more than 1,800 to 2,400 more than 2,400 | 1.00 1.00 1.00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 | 0, 025 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.1 0.13 0.21 | 30 30 40 50 75 75 75 | 3 3 7 15 15 15 15 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 8.2
Domestic turkeys
All sides of the compartment must be at least 1.50 m in length. When compartments of the minimum size indicated below cannot be provided for scientific reasons, the duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel. In these circumstances, birds may be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.75 m2 and a minimum height of 50 cm for birds of less than 0.6 kg, 75 cm for birds of less than 4 kg and 100 cm for birds of more than 4 kg. These compartments can be used to house small bird groups, according to the minimum available space recommendations in Table 8.2.
up to 0.3 more than 0.3 to 0.6 more than 0.6 to 1 more than 1 to 4 more than 4 to 8 more than 8 to 12 more than 12-16 more than 16 to 20 more than 20 | 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 3.00 | 0.13 0.17 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.50 0.55 0.60 1.00 | 50 50 100 100 100 150 150 150 150 | 3 7 15 15 15 20 20 20 20 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 8.3
Cailles
up to 150 more than 150 | 1.00 1.00 | 0.5 0.6 | 0.10 0.15 | 20 30 | 4 4 | 1 January 2017 |
Table 8.4 Post requirements
Ducks and geese
When compartments of the minimum size indicated below cannot be provided for scientific reasons, the duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel. In these circumstances, birds may be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.75 m2. These compartments can be used to house small bird groups, according to the minimum available space recommendations in Table 8.4.
Ducks | 1 January 2017 | ||||
up to 300 more than 300 to 1,200 (**) more than 1,200 to 3,500 more than 3,500 | 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00 | 0.10 0.20 0.25 0.50 | 50 200 200 200 | 10 10 15 15 | |
Oies | |||||
up to 500 more than 500 to 2,000 more than 2,000 | 2,00 2,00 2,00 | 0.20 0.33 0.50 | 200 200 200 | 10 15 15 | |
(*) A basin of not less than 0.50 m2 per 2 m2 compartment shall be provided with a minimum depth of 30 cm. The basin can represent up to 50% of the surface of the compartment. (**) Birds that are not yet ready to fly can be accommodated in compartments of a minimum height of 75 cm. |
Table 8.5 Post requirements
Ducks and geese: minimum basin size (*)
Ducks Oies | 0.5 0.5 | 30 more than 10 to 30 |
Table 8.6 Post requirements
Pigeons
The compartments must be long and narrow (e.g. 2 m on 1 m) rather than square, so that the birds can carry out short flights.
up to 6 | 2 | 200 | 5 | 30 | 1 January 2017 |
more than 7 to 12 | 3 | 200 | 5 | 30 | |
extra bird beyond 12 | 0.15 | 5 | 30 |
Table 8.7 Post requirements
Mandarin diamonds
The compartments must be long and narrow (e.g. 2 m on 1 m) so that the birds can carry out short flights. For reproduction studies, couples can be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.50 m2 and a minimum height of 40 cm. The duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel.
up to 6 | 1.0 | 100 | 2 | 1 January 2017 |
7 to 12 | 1.5 | 200 | 2 | |
13-20 | 2.0 | 3 | ||
extra bird beyond 20 | 0.05 | 200 | 1 for 6 birds |
2.9. Amphibians
Table 9.1
Aquatic emergency
up to 10 more than 10 to 15 more than 15 to 20 more than 20 to 30 more than 30 | 262.5 525 875 1 837,5 3 150 | 50 110 200 440 800 | 13 13 15 15 20 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. |
Table 9.2 Post requirements
Aquatic Bears (*)
less than 6 more than 6 to 9 more than 9 to 12 more than 12 | 160 300 600 920 | 40 75 150 230 | 6 8 10 12.5 | 1 January 2017 |
(**) Measured from nose to cloak. |
Table 9.3
Semi-aquatic
up to 5.0 more than 5.0 to 7.5 more than 7.5 | 1 500 3 500 4,000 | 200 500 700 | 20 30 30 | 10 10 15 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. (**) A third of farmland, two thirds of aquatic area, sufficient for animals to immerse themselves. (***) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to the interior architecture. |
Table 9.4 Post requirements
Semi-terrestrial
up to 5.0 more than 5.0 to 7.5 more than 7.5 | 1 500 3 500 4,000 | 200 500 700 | 20 30 30 | 10 10 15 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. (**) Two thirds of farmland, one third of aquatic area, sufficient for animals to immerse themselves. (***) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to the interior architecture |
Table 9.5 Summary by object of expenditure
Tree bears
up to 3.0 more than 3.0 | 900 1 500 | 100 200 | 30 30 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. (**) Two thirds of farmland, one third of aquatic area, sufficient for animals to immerse themselves. (***) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to the interior architecture. |
2.10. Reptiles
Table 10.1
Aquatic chloronians
Up to 5 more than 5 to 10 more than 10 to 15 more than 15 to 20 more than 20 to 30 more than 30 | 600 1 600 3 500 6 000 10 000 20 000 | 100 300 600 1 200 2,000 5,000 | 10 15 20 30 35 40 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Measured straight from the front edge to the rear edge of the shell. |
Table 10.2 Summary by object of expenditure
Earth snouts
Up to 30 more than 30 to 40 more than 40 to 50 more than 50 to 75 more than 75 | 300 400 600 1 200 2,500 | 150 200 300 600 1 200 | 10 12 15 20 28 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Measured from nose to tail end. (**) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to its interior structure. |
2.11. Fish
11.1. Water flow and water quality
A suitable water flow and appropriate quality must be ensured constantly. Water circulation or filtration in aquariums must be sufficient to ensure that water quality parameters are maintained within acceptable limits. Whenever necessary, water must be filtered or treated to eliminate harmful substances for fish. Water quality parameters must always remain within the range acceptable to physiology and normal activities for a given species of fish and stage of development. Water circulation must allow fish to swim properly and maintain normal behaviour. Fishes must benefit from an appropriate period of acclimatization and adaptation to changes in water quality conditions.
11.2. Oxygen, nitrogen compounds, pH and salinity
The oxygen concentration shall be appropriate to the species and the context in which they are held. When necessary, additional aeration of the aquarium water must be provided. The concentration of nitrogen compounds shall be maintained at a low level.
The pH must be adapted to the species and maintained as stable as possible. Salinity must be adapted to the needs of species and to the life cycle of fish. Any change in the salinity of water must take place gradually.
11.3. Temperature, lighting, noise
The temperature must be maintained inside the optimal range for the fish species concerned and maintained as stable as possible. Any temperature change must take place gradually. Fish should be kept under an appropriate photoperiod. The sound level must be minimized and, to the extent possible, equipment that can cause noise or vibration, such as generators and filtering systems, should be separated from fish hosting aquariums.
11.4. Population density and environmental complexity
The population density must be based on all fish needs for environmental, health and well-being conditions. Fish must have a sufficient volume of water to swim normally, taking into account their size, age, state of health and dietary methods. Fishes will benefit from appropriate environmental enrichment, such as stains or suitable substrate, unless behaviour suggests that this is not necessary.
11.5. Power supply and handling
Fish must be given appropriate diet to the species and at an appropriate rate. Particular attention must be paid to feeding fish in the larval state when passing from natural food to artificial foods. Handling must be as limited as possible.
Done on 9 December 2014.
Minister of Agriculture, Agri-Food and Forestry, Government Spokesperson,
For the Minister and by delegation:
The Chief Food Officer,
P. Dehaumont
Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy,
For the Minister and by delegation:
The Director of Water and Biodiversity,
L. Roy
Minister of National Education, Higher Education and Research,
For the Minister and by delegation:
Director General for Research, and Innovation,
R. Genet
Minister of Defence,
Jean-Yves Le Drian
Minister of Social Affairs, Health and Women ' s Rights,
For the Minister and by delegation:
The Director General of Health,
B. Vallet
Minister of Economy, Industry and Digital,
For the Minister and by delegation:
The Chief of Industry Service,
C. Lerouge