Key Benefits:
Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy, Minister of Defence, Minister of Higher Education and Research and Minister of Agriculture, Agri-Food and Forestry,
Considering the environmental code, including chapter III of Book IV title I and Book V title I;
In view of the rural and maritime fisheries code, including chapter IV, section 6, title I, of Book II;
Having regard to the order of 25 October 1982 relating to animal husbandry, custody and detention;
In view of the Order of May 21, 2003 on the issue and use of drugs used by establishments with an approval to practise animal experimentation;
Considering the opinion of the National Animal Experimentation Commission of 10 September 2012,
Stop:
The application for approval pursuant to article R. 214-99 of the rural code and the marine fisheries is addressed by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt to the prefect of the establishment's location department. For institutions under its authority or guardianship, the application for approval is addressed to the Minister of Defence. This application includes the elements set out in Appendix I to this completed Order and is accompanied by a file that presents:
an overall plan of the establishment specifying the allocation of the different structures of the establishment as defined in the 3rd of section R. 214-89 of the rural code and the marine fisheries;
― the monitoring board of the competences of the staff of the institution carrying one of the functions mentioned in 1°, 2°, 3° and 4° of section R. 214-114 of the rural code and the marine fisheries.
Before deciding on the application for approval or renewal of licence, the prefect of the department where the establishment is located, or if any the Minister of Defence, shall conduct an inspection visit by his or her services.
The conditions for the development and operation of the facilities of the user establishments, breeders or suppliers of animals used for scientific purposes, including the standards of care and accommodation referred to in Article R. 214-95 of the Rural Code of Maritime Fisheries, are in accordance with the provisions set out in Appendix II to this Order.
I. ― The structure responsible for the well-being of animals referred to in R. 214-103 is composed at least of the person(s) responsible for the well-being of animals and the care given to them and, in the case of a user establishment, of a person exercising the function referred to in 1° of R. 214-114 of the rural code and the marine fisheries.
In the case provided for in the last paragraph of section R. 214-103 of the Rural and Maritime Fisheries Code, the derogatory means implemented are described and documented in the file.
II. ― The structure responsible for the well-being of animals carries out, at a minimum, the following tasks:
(a) To advise the personnel involved in animal welfare issues in the acquisition, accommodation, care and use of animals;
(b) Advise staff on the application of replacement, reduction and refinement requirements and keep them informed of the technical and scientific developments related to the application of these requirements;
(c) Establish and revise internal operational processes for control, reporting and monitoring with respect to the well-being of animals hosted or used in the facility;
(d) Follow the evolution and results of the projects taking into account the effects on the animals used, identifying elements that contribute to replacement, reduction and refinement, and providing advice in this regard;
(e) Exchange information with project managers on the overall implementation of projects with a view to a possible request to amend project authorizations; and
(f) Provide advice on animal placement programs, including the need to socialize animals to be placed.
The documents relating to the advice given and the decisions taken by the animal welfare structure are kept for five years and are made available to inspectors upon request.
Regular inspections are carried out in pastoral establishments, suppliers and users in accordance with Article R. 214-104 of the Rural Code and Maritime Fisheries as follows:
(a) The frequency of inspections is defined by a risk analysis specific to each facility. This risk analysis takes into account:
the number of animals hosted and their species;
- the history of compliance with the establishment;
the number and type of projects carried out in a user institution; and
any information that may indicate a non-compliance;
(b) At least one third of user establishments are inspected each year;
(c) Farmers, suppliers and users hosting primates and domestic carnivores are inspected once a year;
(d) Depending on the results of the risk analysis referred to in a, an appropriate proportion of inspections must be carried out in an unannounced manner.
An inspection report is prepared after each inspection; it is addressed to the person in charge of the inspected establishment who keeps it for five years.
The Register of Hosted Animals, referred to in section R. 214-97 of the Rural and Maritime Fisheries Code, includes the elements described in I of Schedule III to this Order. All data in this register are recorded on paper or digital. Any corrections are recorded indelibly and separately indicating the reason for the change.
The information reported in the individual follow-up file of each dog, cat or primate referred to in Article R. 214-96 of the Rural Code and Maritime Fisheries is specified in Annex III, II of this Order.
User establishments, breeders or suppliers of animals used for scientific purposes use one of the methods of death set out in Appendix IV to this Order by species.
The Order of 19 April 1988 establishing the conditions for the accreditation, development and operation of animal testing establishments is repealed.
The present order will be issued in the Official Journal of the French Republic.
A N N E X E S
A N N E X E I
Name, first name and contact information of the director or manager of the establishment and contact information of the establishment.
For a user institution: name and cordage of the ethics committee to which it is attached.
Institution's main activity: animal breeding intended for scientific purposes, provision of animals intended for scientific purposes, or use of animals for scientific purposes
Staffing and qualification:
Name of designated veterinarian;
Name of the person(s) responsible for monitoring the well-being of animals and their care;
Name of the pharmacy officer for the drugs used in the procedures;
Name of the person responsible for monitoring the competence of the staff in relation to animals;
Composition of the structure responsible for animal welfare (names and qualifications);
Personnel assigned to the care or euthanasia of animals who have undergone specific approved training.
For a user institution:
Designers of experimental procedures that followed a specific approved training;
Personnel called for direct participation in experimental procedures or euthanasia that have undergone specific approved training;
Hosted animal species and animal accommodation capacity in the facility.
Fields of activities for a user institution:
Basic research, human medical research, animal and veterinary medical research, development, production, quality testing, efficacy or safety of medicines, animal feeds and other substances or products, quality control of food, diagnosis, environmental protection of species, higher education, forensic investigations, others (to be specified).
Types of experimental procedures implemented in the user institution:
Clinical examinations on vigile animals, clinical examinations on anaesthetic animals, administration of vigile animal substances, administration of anaesthetic animal substances, removals on vigile animals, removals on anaesthetic animals, surgical procedures, conditioning and learning, animal euthanasia, others (specify).
Description of the facility premises:
Overview describing the movement of staff, the animal and waste circuit, distinguishing clean circuit and dirty circuit, and specifying the use of each room, local or structure.
Equipment and procedures:
Description of equipment and operating procedures.
Records and registration:
Presence of entry-out and traceability of animals;
Presence of entry-out register and use of medications.
Animal production in the facility:
Produced species and hosting capacity.
Contact details of breeders or animal suppliers for user establishments.
A N N E X E I
IMPLEMENTATION AND EXIGENCES
RELATING TO SOINS AND HEBERGEMENT OF ANIMAUX
Section A: General Section
1. Physical installations
1.1. Overall design
(a) All facilities must be designed to ensure an appropriate environment that takes into account the physiological and ethological needs of the hosted species. Facilities must also be designed and used to prevent access to unauthorized persons and to prevent the entry or leaking of animals and to prevent the penetration of harmful animals;
(b) Establishments must provide an active maintenance program to prevent and repair any failure of buildings or equipment;
(c) Walls, ceilings and floors must be covered with a high wear-resistant coating that animals can cause and clean. This coating must be waterproof and easy to wash and disinfect. The floor must be uniform, waterproof, with a non-slip and easy to wash surface that can withstand without damage the weight and movement of the cages and any other mobile equipment. Coatings should not be harmful to the health of animals or risk injury. Additional protection should be provided for equipment or facilities so that they cannot be damaged by animals or injured;
(d) Facilities have a regular and effective cleaning program for premises and satisfactory hygiene conditions;
(e) Species incompatible with each other, such as predators and prey, or animals requiring different environmental conditions, shall not be accommodated in the same premises or, in the case of the predator and prey, within the scope, of smell or hearing;
(f) The premises intended to house farm animals must at least comply with the regulations applicable to these animal species;
(g) Outdoor enclosures must be designed so that animals can be protected from weather. They must also meet certain behavioural needs. They must also be closed in such a way as to avoid contact with foreign animals at the establishment. Enclosures must be maintained regularly.
1.2. General and specific premises
for experimental procedures
(a) Facilities must be provided to allow the isolation of newly acquired animals until their health status is known and the potential health risk to other animals can be assessed and minimized;
(b) Separate premises must be provided for the accommodation of sick or injured animals;
(c) Establishments must, where appropriate, have laboratory facilities to establish simple diagnostics, perform post-mortem examinations and/or collect samples for more in-depth laboratory tests performed elsewhere;
(d) General and special premises for experimental procedures are available in cases where it is not advisable to perform procedures or observations in accommodation facilities to avoid any stress to hosted animals;
(e) To the extent that there are surgical interventions on animals, separate rooms equipped so that they can operate under good conditions of asepsy and anesthesia as well as separate premises for post-operative recovery of animals must be available;
(f) The premises used to store the food and litter must be designed, used and maintained so as to preserve its quality. These premises must be protected from pests and insects. Other substances that may be contaminated or may pose a risk to animals or personnel must be stored separately;
(g) Cleaning and washing facilities shall be sufficiently spacious to contain the necessary equipment for the decontamination and cleaning of the equipment used. The cleaning circuit must be organized in such a way that the flow of the clean material is separated from the flow of the dirty material in order to avoid contamination of the clean equipment. The walls and floor of these premises must be covered with an appropriate resistance coating. The ventilation system must be sufficiently powerful to evacuate any excessive heat and humidity. Separate premises shall be available for storage of clean equipment: cages, instruments and other equipment;
(h) Establishments must provide for the safe storage of dead bodies and animal waste in satisfactory hygiene conditions.
2. The environment and its control
2.1. Ventilation and temperature
(a) Isolation, heating and ventilation in accommodation must be designed so that air circulation, dust levels and gas concentrations are maintained within limits that do not harm animals;
(b) The temperature and relative humidity of the accommodation premises must be adapted to the species and age categories hosted and must be controlled to ensure the proper health of these animals. The temperature shall be measured and recorded every day. The temperature guidelines are specified in section B-1;
(c) Animals should not be kept in outdoor areas if there are potentially harmful climatic conditions.
2.2. Lighting
(a) In premises where natural light does not provide an appropriate day/night cycle, it is necessary to provide controlled lighting to meet the biological needs of the animals and to provide a working environment that meets the staff;
(b) Lighting must allow for animal care and inspection;
(c) In the case of artificial lighting, it must be controlled to meet the biological and behavioural requirements of animals, providing for regular photoperiods and a luminous intensity suitable for hosted species;
(d) When albinos are hosted, the lighting must be adapted to reflect their sensitivity to light.
2.3. Bruit
(a) Sound levels, including ultrasound, shall not adversely affect the well-being of animals;
(b) Facilities must be equipped with alarm systems that emit sounds outside the sensitive range of animals, when it does not prevent them from being audible for human beings;
(c) The accommodation facilities must, where appropriate, have phone insulation and be equipped with sound absorbing materials.
2.4. Alarm systems
(a) Electrical or mechanical equipment establishments for the control and protection of the environment must have an emergency system to maintain essential functions and emergency lighting systems and to ensure that alarm systems themselves are not deficient;
(b) Heating and ventilation systems shall be equipped with monitoring and alarm devices;
(c) All of these facilities and devices shall be subject to regular monitoring and maintenance;
(d) Clear instructions on the arrangements to be made in the event of an emergency must be posted in good view.
3. Animal care
3.1. Health
(a) A strategy must be put in place in each facility to ensure the maintenance of a health condition of animals that ensure their well-being and meet scientific requirements. This strategy must include regular health surveillance, microbiological surveillance and action plans for health problems, and it must define health parameters and procedures for the introduction of new animals. Upon arrival in the establishment, the animals shall be examined, registered in the register provided for in section 6 of this order, and promptly transferred to cages or enclosures provided for in section 1.2 a. Sick animals must be observed and kept away from others, until a decision is quickly made on their fate;
(b) Animals must be controlled at least daily by a competent person. These controls must identify any sick or injured animal and take appropriate measures, or remove dead animals from the accommodation. These controls are recorded.
3.2. Manipulation
Facilities must develop acclimatization and learning programs tailored to animals, procedures and the duration of the project.
3.3. Animals caught in nature in accordance with the provisions of articles R. 214.91 and R. 214-92 of the Rural and Maritime Fisheries Code
(a) Containers and means of transport adapted to the species concerned must be available at the places of capture in case it is necessary to move animals for examination or treatment;
(b) Particular attention should be paid and appropriate measures should be taken for acclimatization, quarantine, accommodation, livestock and care and the fate of animals caught in nature.
3.4. Accommodation and enrichment
(a) Accommodation:
Animals, except those who are naturally solitary, must be housed in stable social groups formed of compatible individuals. In cases where individual accommodation is permitted in accordance with the duly authorized project, the duration of the isolation must be limited to the required minimum period and visual, hearing, olfactory and/or tactile contacts must be maintained with other animals. The introduction or reintroduction of animals into established groups must be carefully monitored to avoid problems of incompatibility and disruption of social relations.
(b) Enrichment:
All animals must have sufficient space with adequate complexity to allow them to express a wide range of normal behaviors. They must have some degree of control over their environment and some freedom of choice in order to avoid stress-induced behaviours. The establishments ensure that appropriate enrichment techniques are put in place that expand the range of possible animal activities and develop their adaptive capacities, including by encouraging physical exercise, exploration, manipulation and cognitive activities, depending on the species. Environmental enrichment in compartments must be adapted to the specific and individual needs of the animals concerned. Enrichment strategies in institutions must be regularly reviewed and updated;
(c) Animal compartments:
The compartments shall not be manufactured in a material that is harmful to the health of animals. They must be designed and constructed so as not to hurt animals. Unless otherwise provided by the nature of certain procedures, the cages shall be large enough to allow the animal to lie down, return or stretch, according to the species, to the indications specified in section B. Unless they are disposable, they must be built in a material resistant to cleaning and decontamination techniques. The soil design of the compartments must be adapted to the species and age of the animals and be studied to facilitate the removal of dejections.
3.5. Resting areas
(a) Litter materials or rest structures suitable for the species concerned must always be provided, including materials or structures that are usable for the nesting of breeding animals;
(b) Inside the compartments, depending on the needs of the species concerned, a solid and comfortable rest area must be provided for all animals. All rest areas must be maintained clean and dry.
3.6. Food
(a) The form, content and presentation of foods must meet the nutritional and behavioural needs of the animal;
(b) Food must be appalling and uncontaminated. In the choice of raw materials, food production, preparation and presentation, establishments must take precautions to minimize chemical, physical and microbiological contamination;
(c) Packaging, transport and storage of foods must be designed to avoid contamination, deterioration or destruction. All hoppers, troughs or other utensils used to feed animals must be regularly cleaned and, if necessary, sterilized;
(d) Each animal must be able to access food by having sufficient space to limit competition with other animals.
3.7. Abrevement
(a) All animals must always have uncontaminated drinking water.
(b) When automatic watering systems are used, they are checked, reviewed and cleaned regularly to avoid accidents. If full-bottom cages are used, precautions must be taken to prevent flood risks.
(c) Arrangements must be made to adapt the water supply of aquariums and pools to the needs and tolerance thresholds of each species of fish, amphibians and reptiles.
Section B: specific section
1. Temperature
The guidelines for the temperature of the premises for animals hosted in cages or in indoor enclosures are shown in the table below:
Primates of the New World | 20-28 |
Smile | 20-24 |
Rat | |
Hamster | |
Gerbille | |
Cobaye | |
Primates of the Old World | |
Caille | |
Rabbit | 15-21 |
Cat | |
Dog | |
Furet | |
Poultry | |
Pigeon | |
Porc | 10-24 |
Chèvre | |
Mouton | |
Bovin | |
Horse | |
2. Dimension of cages or enclosures
2.1. Souris, rats, gerbilles, hamsters and guinea pigs
In the following mice-related tables, rats, stacks, hamsters and guinea pigs, the "compartment height" refers to the vertical distance between the ground and the upper horizontal part of the compartment; This height is applicable for more than 50% of the minimum floor surface of the compartment, prior to insertion of enrichment elements.
When designing the compartments, the potential growth of the animals should be taken into account in order to ensure adequate space (according to Tables 1.1 to 1.5) throughout the study.
Table 1.1. - Smile
Reserve and during procedures | Up to 20 | 330 | 60 | 12 | 1 January 2017 |
| More than 20 to 25 | 330 | 70 | 12 | |
| Over 25 to 30 | 330 | 80 | 12 | |
| More than 30 | 330 | 100 | 12 | |
Reproduction | | 330 For a monogamous couple (non-consanguin/consanguin) or a trio (consanguin). For each additional female with its range, add 180 cm2 | | 12 | |
Breeder reserve (*) Size of the compartment: 950 cm2 | Less than 20 | 950 | 40 | 12 | |
Size of the compartment : 1 500 cm2 | Less than 20 | 1 500 | 30 | 12 | |
(*) Severe mice can be accommodated with these higher population densities during the short period following the withdrawal until they reproduce, provided that they use larger compartments and ensure sufficient enrichment and that these conditions of accommodation do not in any way reduce the well-being of animals, e.g., causing greater agressivity, stereotyping, or morbidity |
Table 1.2. Rats
Reserve and during procedures (*) | Up to 200 | 800 | 200 | 18 | 1 January 2017 |
| Over 200 to 300 | 800 | 250 | 18 | |
| More than 300 to 400 | 800 | 350 | 18 | |
| More than 400 to 600 | 800 | 450 | 18 | |
| More than 600 | 1 500 | 600 | 18 | |
Reproduction | | 800 Mother and worn. For each additional adult animal permanently introduced into the compartment, add 400 cm2. | | 18 | |
Breeder Reserve (**) Size of the compartment : 1 500 cm2 | Up to 50 | 1 500 | 100 | 18 | |
| Over 50 to 100 | 1 500 | 125 | 18 | |
| Over 100 to 150 | 1 500 | 150 | 18 | |
| Over 150 to 200 | 1 500 | 175 | 18 | |
Breeder Reserve (**) Size of the compartment : 2 500 cm2 | Up to 50 | 2,500 | 100 | 18 | |
| Over 50 to 100 | 2,500 | 125 | 18 | |
| Over 100 to 150 | 2,500 | 150 | 18 | |
(*) For long-term studies, if the space allocated to each animal becomes less than the space indicated above at the end of the studies in question, priority must be given to maintaining stable social structures. (**) Severe rats can be accommodated with these higher population densities during the short period following the withdrawal until they reproduce, provided that they use larger compartments and ensure sufficient enrichment and that these conditions of accommodation do not reduce the well-being of animals, e.g., causing greater aggressiveness, stereotyping or morbidity |
Table 1.3. ― Gerbilles
Reserve and during procedures | Up to 40 | 1 200 | 150 | 18 | 1 January 2017 |
| More than 40 | 1 200 | 250 | 18 | |
Reproduction | | 1 200 Monogame or trio couple with descendants | | 18 | |
Table 1.4. ― Hamsters
Reserve and during procedures (*) | Up to 60 | 800 | 150 | 14 | 1 January 2017 |
| Over 60 to 100 | 800 | 200 | 14 | |
| Over 100 | 800 | 250 | 14 | |
Reproduction | | 800 Mother or couple monogamous with range | | 14 | |
Breeder Reserve (**) | Less than 60 | 1 500 | 100 | 14 | |
(*) Severe hamsters may be accommodated with these higher population densities during the short period following withdrawal until they reproduce, provided that they use larger compartments and ensure sufficient enrichment and that these conditions of accommodation do not reduce the well-being of animals, for example, as a result of a greater agressivity |
Table 1.5. ― Cobayes
Reserve and during procedures (*) | Up to 200 | 1 800 | 200 | 23 | 1 January 2017 |
| Over 200 to 300 | 1 800 | 350 | 23 | |
| More than 300 to 450 | 1 800 | 500 | 23 | |
| More than 450 to 700 | 2,500 | 700 | 23 | |
| More than 700 | 2,500 | 900 | 23 | |
Reproduction | | 2,500 Couple with range. For each additional breeding female, add 1 000 cm2 | | 23 | |
2.2. Rabbits
In the context of agricultural research, where the objective of the project requires that animals be accommodated in conditions similar to those of high farm animals for commercial purposes, accommodation must at least meet the standards set out in Directive 98/58/EC (1).
A platform must be provided inside the compartment. This platform must allow the animal to extend or sit there and move easily below; it must not cover more than 40% of the ground space. If there are scientific or veterinary reasons not to use a platform, the size of the compartment must be greater than 33% for a single rabbit and 60% for two rabbits. When a platform is available for rabbits less than 10 weeks, the size of the platform must be at least 55 cm on 25 cm and the height must allow the animals to use it.
Table 2.1. ― Rabbits over ten weeks
Table 2.1 concerns cages and enclosures. The additional surface is 3,000 cm2 per rabbit, for the third, fourth, fifth and sixth, and at least 2,500 cm2 for each additional rabbit beyond six.
Less than 3 | 3 500 | 45 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 3 to 5 | 4 200 | 45 | |
More than 5 | 5 400 | 60 | |
Table 2.2. ― Bunny with range
Less than 3 | 3 500 | 1 000 | 45 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 3 to 5 | 4 200 | 1 200 | 45 | |
More than 5 | 5 400 | 1 400 | 60 | |
Table 2.3. ― Rabbits less than ten weeks
Table 2.3 concerns cages and enclosures.
From withdrawal to 7 weeks | 4,000 | 800 | 40 | 1 January 2017 |
From 7 to 10 weeks | 4,000 | 1 200 | 40 | |
Table 2.4. ― Rabbits: optimal dimensions of platforms for compartments
corresponding to the dimensions shown in table 2.1
More than 10 | Less than 3 | 55 × 25 | 25 | 1 January 2017 |
| More than 3 to 5 | 55 × 30 | 25 | |
| More than 5 | 60 × 35 | 30 | |
2.3. Cats
Cats cannot be accommodated individually for more than twenty-four hours in a row. Cats that are often aggressive to other cats must be isolated only if it is not possible to find them a compatible companion. Stress related to social interactions must be controlled at least every week in all individuals hosted by pair or group. Females with kittens less than four weeks or in the last two weeks of gestation can be accommodated individually.
Table 3. – Cats
The minimum area of which a pussy and its scope must have is the same as that for a single cat and must be gradually increased so that, at the age of four months, the kittens are relocated in accordance with the space requirements for adults.
The feeding areas and those for litter bins should not be less than 50 cm apart and should never be put in place either.
Minimum for an adult animal | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 | 1 January 2017 |
For each additional animal | 0.75 | 0.25 | ― | |
(*) Ground surface excluding platforms. |
2.4. Dogs
Dogs must be able, to the extent possible, to spend on the outside. Dogs should not be accommodated individually for more than four hours in a row.
The interior compartment shall be at least 50% of the minimum available space for dogs as specified in Table 4.1.
The dimensions given below are based on the values required for beagles, but the giant breeds, such as the St.Bernard or the Irish Wolfhound, must have a much larger space than the one shown in Table 4.1. For breeds other than beagle, the necessary space must be determined in consultation with veterinary personnel.
Table 4.1. - Dogs
A dog housed with another dog or group may be confined in half of the total space provided (2 m2 for a dog under 20 kg, 4 m2 for a dog over 20 kg) while subjected to procedures within the meaning of this directive, if this isolation is indispensable for scientific reasons. The containment period cannot exceed four hours in a row.
A breastfeeding bitch and its range must have the same space as a single dog of equivalent weight. The parturition compartment must be designed so that the bitch can move in an additional compartment or on a platform, away from the puppies.
Up to 20 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 20 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 2 | |
Table 4.2. • Dogs: after withdrawal
Up to 5 | 4 | 0.5 | 2 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 5 to 10 | 4 | 1.0 | 2 | |
More than 10 to 15 | 4 | 1.5 | 2 | |
More than 15 to 20 | 4 | 2 | 2 | |
More than 20 | 8 | 4 | 2 | |
2.5. Furets
Table 5. ― Furets
Animals up to 600 g | 4 500 | 1 500 | 50 | 1 January 2017 |
Animals over 600 g | 4 500 | 3,000 | 50 | |
Adults | 6 000 | 6 000 | 50 | |
Females and young people | 5 400 | 5 400 | 50 | |
2.6. Primates
Young primates should not be separated from their mother before the age of six to twelve months depending on the species.
The environment must allow primates to engage in complex activities on a daily basis. The compartment must allow them to adopt behaviours as varied as possible, give them a sense of security and offer them a complex environment to allow them to run, walk, climb and jump.
Table 6.1. Yesstitis and tamarins
Yesstitis | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 1 January 2017 |
Tamarins | 1.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | |
(*) Animals must be accommodated individually only in exceptional circumstances. (**) The top of the compartment must be at least 1.80 m from the ground. |
Table 6.2. Saïmiris
2.0 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 1 January 2017 |
(*) Animals must be accommodated individually only in exceptional circumstances. |
Table 6.3. – Macaques and vervets (*)
Animals under 3 years (**) | 2.0 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1 January 2017 |
Animals 3 years or older (***) | 2.0 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
Animals detained for reproduction (****) | | | 3.5 | 2.0 | |
(*) Animals must be accommodated individually only in exceptional circumstances. (**) A minimum size compartment can accommodate up to three animals. (***) A minimum size compartment can accommodate up to two animals. (****) In a breeding colony, no additional space/volume is required for young animals up to the age of two hosted with their mother. |
Table 6.4. Babouins (*)
Animals under 4 (**) | 4.0 | 7.2 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 1 January 2017 |
Animals 4 years or older (**) | 7.0 | 12.6 | 6.0 | 1.8 | |
Animals detained for reproduction (***) | | | 12.0 | 2.0 | |
(*) Animals must be accommodated individually only in exceptional circumstances. (**) A minimum size compartment can accommodate up to three animals. (***) In a breeding colony, no additional space/volume is required for young animals up to the age of two hosted with their mother. |
2.7. Farm animals
In the context of agricultural research, where the objective of the project requires that animals be accommodated in conditions similar to those of high farm animals for commercial purposes, accommodation must meet at least the standards set out in Directives 98/58/EC, 91/629/EEC (2) and 91/630/EEC (3).
Table 7.1. – Bovins
Up to 100 | 2.50 | 2,30 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 1 January 2017 |
Over 100 to 200 | 4.25 | 3.40 | 0.15 | 0.50 | |
Over 200 to 400 | 6,00 | 4.80 | 0.8 | 0.60 | |
More than 400 to 600 | 9,00 | 7.50 | 0.21 | 0.70 | |
Over 600 to 800 | 11.00 | 8.75 | 0.24 | 0.80 | |
More than 800 | 16,00 | 10.00 | 0.30 | 1.00 | |
Table 7.2. – sheep and goats
Less than 20 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 1 January 2017 |
Over 20 to 35 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.10 | 0.30 | |
Over 35 to 60 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.12 | 0.40 | |
More than 60 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.12 | 0.50 | |
Table 7.3. – Porcs and mini-porcs
Up to 5 | 2.0 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 5 to 10 | 2.0 | 0.25 | 0.1 | |
More than 10 to 20 | 2.0 | 0.35 | 0.8 | |
Over 20 to 30 | 2.0 | 0.50 | 0.24 | |
More than 30 to 50 | 2.0 | 0.70 | 0.33 | |
Over 50 to 70 | 3.0 | 0.80 | 0.41 | |
Over 70 to 100 | 3.0 | 1.00 | 0.53 | |
Over 100 to 150 | 4.0 | 1.35 | 0.70 | |
More than 150 | 5.0 | 2.50 | 0.95 | |
Adult glasses (conventional) | 7.5 | | 1,30 | |
(*) Porks may be locked in smaller compartments for short periods of time, for example by dividing the main compartment with partitions, if justified by veterinary or experimental reasons, for example when individual food is needed. |
Table 7.4. ― Equides
The shortest side must have at least 1.5 times the height of the animal at the withers. The height of the interior compartments should allow animals to stand entirely.
1.00 to 1.40 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 16 | 3.00 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 1.40 to 1.60 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 20 | 3.00 | |
More than 1.60 | 16.0 | (2 x HG)2 (*) | 20 | 3.00 | |
(*) To ensure sufficient space, the minimum dimensions for each animal are calculated on the basis of the height at the garrot (HG). |
2.8. Birds
In the context of agricultural research, where the objective of the project requires that animals be accommodated in conditions similar to those of high farm animals for commercial purposes, accommodation must meet at least the standards set out in Directives 98/58/EC, 1999/74/EC (4) and 2007/43/EC (5).
Table 8.1. • Domestic chickens
When compartments of the minimum size indicated below cannot be provided for scientific reasons, the duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel. In these circumstances, birds may be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.75 m2.
Up to 200 | 1.00 | 0.025 | 30 | 3 | 1 January 2017 |
Over 200 to 300 | 1.00 | 0.03 | 30 | 3 | |
More than 300 to 600 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 40 | 7 | |
Over 600 to 1,200 | 2,00 | 0.09 | 50 | 15 | |
Over 1,200 to 1,800 | 2,00 | 0.1 | 75 | 15 | |
Over 1,800 to 2,400 | 2,00 | 0.13 | 75 | 15 | |
More than 2,400 | 2,00 | 0.21 | 75 | 15 | |
Table 8.2. ― Domestic turkeys
All sides of the compartment must be at least 1.50 m in length. When compartments of the minimum size indicated below cannot be provided for scientific reasons, the duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel. In these circumstances, birds may be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.75 m2 and a minimum height of 50 cm for birds of less than 0.6 kg, 75 cm for birds of less than 4 kg and 100 cm for birds of more than 4 kg. These compartments can be used to house small bird groups, according to the minimum available space recommendations in Table 8.2.
Up to 0.3 | 2,00 | 0.13 | 50 | 3 | 1 January 2017 |
Over 0.3 to 0.6 | 2,00 | 0.17 | 50 | 7 | |
Over 0.6 to 1 | 2,00 | 0.30 | 100 | 15 | |
More than 1 to 4 | 2,00 | 0.35 | 100 | 15 | |
More than 4 to 8 | 2,00 | 0.40 | 100 | 15 | |
More than 8 to 12 | 2,00 | 0.50 | 150 | 20 | |
Over 12-16 | 2,00 | 0.55 | 150 | 20 | |
More than 16 to 20 | 2,00 | 0.60 | 150 | 20 | |
More than 20 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 150 | 20 | |
Table 8.3. ― Cailles
Up to 150 | 1.00 | 0.5 | 0.10 | 20 | 4 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 150 | 1.00 | 0.6 | 0.15 | 30 | 4 | |
Table 8.4. – Ducks and geese
When compartments of the minimum size indicated below cannot be provided for scientific reasons, the duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel. In these circumstances, birds may be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.75 m2. These compartments can be used to house small bird groups according to the minimum available space recommendations in Table 8.4.
Ducks | | | | | 1 January 2017 |
Up to 300 | 2,00 | 0.10 | 50 | 10 | |
Over 300 to 1,200 (**) | 2,00 | 0.20 | 200 | 10 | |
More than 1,200 to 3,500 | 2,00 | 0.25 | 200 | 15 | |
More than 3,500 | 2,00 | 0.50 | 200 | 15 | |
Oies | | | | | |
Up to 500 | 2,00 | 0.20 | 200 | 10 | |
Over 500 to 2,000 | 2,00 | 0.33 | 200 | 15 | |
More than 2,000 | 2,00 | 0.50 | 200 | 15 | |
Table 8.5. – Ducks and geese: minimum size of ponds (*)
Ducks | 0.5 | 30 |
Oies | 0.5 | More than 10 to 30 |
(*) Basin sizes per 2 m2 compartment. The basin can represent up to 50% of the minimum size of the compartment. |
Table 8.6. – Pigeons
The compartments must be long and narrow (e.g. 2 m on 1 m) rather than square, so that the birds can carry out short flights.
Up to 6 | 2 | 200 | 5 | 30 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 7 to 12 | 3 | 200 | 5 | 30 | |
Additional bird beyond 12 | 0.15 | | 5 | 30 | |
Table 8.7. • Mandarin diamonds
The compartments must be long and narrow (e.g. 2 m on 1 m) so that the birds can carry out short flights. For reproduction studies, couples can be accommodated in smaller compartments, containing suitable enrichment elements, with a minimum surface area of 0.50 m2 and a minimum height of 40 cm. The duration of the containment must be justified by the experimenter and determined in consultation with veterinary personnel.
Up to 6 | 1.0 | 100 | 2 | 1 January 2017 |
7 to 12 | 1.5 | 200 | 2 | |
13-20 | 2.0 | 200 | 3 | |
Additional bird beyond 20 | 0.05 | | 1 for 6 birds | |
2.9. Amphibians
Table 9.1. • Aquatic Urodels
Up to 10 | 262.5 | 50 | 13 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 10 to 15 | 525 | 110 | 13 | |
More than 15 to 20 | 875 | 200 | 15 | |
Over 20 to 30 | 1 837,5 | 400 | 15 | |
More than 30 | 3 150 | 800 | 20 | |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. |
Table 9.2. • Aquatic anour (*)
Less than 6 | 160 | 40 | 6 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 6 to 9 | 300 | 75 | 8 | |
More than 9 to 12 | 600 | 150 | 10 | |
More than 12 | 920 | 230 | 12.5 | |
(*) These conditions apply to harbors for accommodation (i.e. for livestock), but not to harbors used for natural reproduction and for overovulation for efficiency reasons, as these latter procedures require smaller aquariums. Minimum space requirements are calculated for adults of the size indicated; it is necessary either to exclude juveniles and tetards, or to modify proportional dimensions. (**) Measured from nose to cloak. |
Table 9.3. ― Semi-aquatic anores
Up to 5.0 | 1 500 | 200 | 20 | 10 | 1 January 2017 |
Over 5.0 to 7.5 | 3 500 | 500 | 30 | 10 | |
More than 7.5 | 4,000 | 700 | 30 | 15 | |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. (**) A third of farmland, two thirds of aquatic area, sufficient for animals to immerse themselves. (***) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to the interior architecture. |
Table 9.4. ― Semi-terrestrial anores
Up to 5.0 | 1 500 | 200 | 20 | 10 | 1 January 2017 |
Over 5.0 to 7.5 | 3 500 | 500 | 30 | 10 | |
More than 7.5 | 4,000 | 700 | 30 | 15 | |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. (**) Two thirds of farmland, one third of aquatic area, sufficient for animals to immerse themselves. (***) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to the interior architecture. |
Table 9.5. ― Tree bears
Up to 3.0 | 900 | 100 | 30 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 3.0 | 1 500 | 200 | 30 | |
(*) Measured from nose to cloak. (**) Two thirds of farmland, one third of aquatic area, sufficient for animals to immerse themselves. (***) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to the interior architecture. |
2.10. Reptiles
Table 10.1. ― Aquatic Helons
Up to 5 | 600 | 100 | 10 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 5 to 10 | 1 600 | 300 | 15 | |
More than 10 to 15 | 3 500 | 600 | 20 | |
More than 15 to 20 | 6 000 | 1 200 | 30 | |
Over 20 to 30 | 10 000 | 2,000 | 35 | |
More than 30 | 20 000 | 5,000 | 40 | |
(*) Measured straight from the front edge to the rear edge of the shell. |
Table 10.2. • Earth snouts
Up to 30 | 300 | 150 | 10 | 1 January 2017 |
More than 30 to 40 | 400 | 200 | 12 | |
Over 40 to 50 | 600 | 300 | 15 | |
More than 50 to 75 | 1 200 | 600 | 20 | |
More than 75 | 2,500 | 1 200 | 25 | |
(*) Measured from nose to tail end. (**) Measured from the surface of the earth to the inner face of the top of the terrarium; the height of the accommodation must also be adapted to its interior structure. |
2.11. Fish
2.11.1. Water flow and water quality:
A suitable water flow and appropriate quality must be ensured constantly. Water circulation or filtration in aquariums must be sufficient to ensure that water quality parameters are maintained within acceptable limits. Whenever necessary, water must be filtered or treated to eliminate harmful substances for fish. Water quality parameters must always remain within the range acceptable to physiology and normal activities for a given species of fish and stage of development. Water circulation must allow fish to swim properly and maintain normal behaviour. Fishes must benefit from an appropriate period of acclimatization and adaptation to changes in water quality conditions.
2.11.2. Oxygen, nitrogen compounds, pH and salinity:
The oxygen concentration shall be appropriate to the species and the context in which they are held. When necessary, additional aeration of the aquarium water must be provided. The concentration of nitrogen compounds shall be maintained at a low level.
The pH must be adapted to the species and maintained as stable as possible. Salinity must be adapted to the needs of species and to the life cycle of fish. Any change in the salinity of water must take place gradually.
2.11.3. Temperature, lighting, noise:
The temperature must be maintained inside the optimal range for the fish species concerned and maintained as stable as possible. Any temperature change must take place gradually. Fish should be kept under an appropriate photoperiod. The sound level must be minimized and, to the extent possible, equipment that can cause noise or vibration, such as generators and filtering systems, should be separated from fish hosting aquariums.
2.11.4. Population density and environmental complexity:
The population density must be based on all fish needs for environmental, health and well-being conditions. Fish must have a sufficient volume of water to swim normally, taking into account their size, age, state of health and dietary methods. Fishes will benefit from appropriate environmental enrichment, such as stains or suitable substrate, unless behaviour suggests that this is not necessary.
2.11.5. Power and handling:
Fish must be given appropriate diet to the species and at an appropriate rate. Particular attention must be paid to feeding fish in the larval state when passing from natural food to artificial foods. Handling must be as limited as possible.
A N N E X E I I
I. ∙ Input-output register
and traceability of animals
The registry contains as many chapters as there are animal species held by specifying the following information:
(a) Sex, age, number of animals, individual identification number for each animal of bovine, ovine, caprine, pork, equine, canine, feline and primates;
(b) Birth date (if it takes place in the user institution)
(c) The date of entry, the source, specifying in particular whether they are raised for use in procedures and, in the case of import, mention of this import with its documentary references;
(d) For users, references of projects in which animals are used;
(e) The date of exit and destination, the name and address of the recipient of the animals;
(f) The date and causes of death (if applicable in the user institution).
II. • Individual dog case,
cats and primates
The file is established at birth or as soon as possible after it and contains any useful information on the projects in which the animal concerned has been used as well as its medical, health and behavioural background. It also includes the following:
(a) Marking and identification: affixing a permanent individual identification mark, in the least painful way possible at the latest during the animal's withdrawal;
(b) Place and date of birth;
(c) In the case of a primate, if it comes from primates high in captivity.
In the case of placement, the useful information on this background in this individual file accompanies the animal.
A N N E X E I V
MORT METHODS OF ANIMELS USED TO SCIENTIFIC FINS
A. ∙ Table of appropriate techniques for animal species:
Surdose of anesthetic | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) |
Tige perforating | X | X | (2) | X | X | | X | | X |
Carbon dioxide | X | X | X | | (3) | X | X | X | X |
Cervical dislocation | X | X | X | (4) | (5) | (6) | X | X | X |
Commotion/Percussion of the cranial box | | | | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | X | X |
Decapitation | X | X | X | (11) | (12) | X | X | X | X |
Electric growth | (13) | (13) | X | (13) | X | (13) | (13) | (13) | X |
Inert gas (Ar, N2) | X | X | X | | | X | X | (14) | X |
Ball shoot | X | X | (15) | X | X | X | (16) | (15) | X |
Done on 1 February 2013.
Minister of Agriculture,
agri-food and forest,
Stéphane Le Foll
The Minister of Ecology,
Sustainable Development
and energy,
Delphine Batho
Minister of Defence,
Jean-Yves Le Drian
Minister of Higher Education
and research,
Geneviève Fioraso