Key Benefits:
Minister of State, Minister of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and the Sea, responsible for green technologies and climate negotiations,
Considering the environmental code, including title I of his book V;
Vu le Decree No. 99-1046 of 13 December 1999 modified for pressure equipment;
Considering the amended decision of 8 December 1995 on the control of emissions of volatile organic compounds resulting from the storage of gasoline and its distribution of terminals to service stations;
Having regard to the amended decision of 2 February 1998 on water sampling and consumption, as well as to the emissions of any kind of facilities classified for environmental protection subject to authorization;
Considering the amended decision of 10 May 2000 on the prevention of major accidents involving substances or hazardous preparations in certain categories of facilities classified for environmental protection subject to authorization;
Considering the amended decision of 21 November 2002 on the reaction to fire of construction and development products;
Considering the 14 February 2003 decision on the performance of roofs and roof coverings exposed to an outdoor fire;
Considering the Decree of 22 March 2004 on fire resistance of products, construction elements and works;
In view of the decision of 29 September 2005 on the assessment and consideration of the probability of occurrence, kinetics, effects intensity and severity of the consequences of potential accidents in the hazard studies of licensed facilities;
Having regard to the amended decision of 29 November 2006 on the terms and conditions for the accreditation of laboratories conducting water and aquatic analysis under the Environmental Code;
Considering the decision of 7 July 2009 on the modalities for air and water analysis in facilities classified for environmental protection and reference standards;
In view of the Order of 8 July 2010 establishing the list of priority substances and setting out the modalities and deadlines for progressive reduction and elimination of spills, flows, direct or indirect releases of priority substances and hazardous substances referred to in Article R. 212-9 of the Environmental Code, respectively;
Considering the advice of the relevant professional bodies;
Given the advice of the Higher Council for Technology Risk Prevention of September 28, 2010,
Stop it!
The storage of flammable liquids in a storage subject to authorization under section 1432 of the legislation of the facilities classified for the protection of the environment shall be considered to fall under this Order.
All of the provisions of this Order apply to facilities that are subject to a request for authorization filed after six months after the date of issue of this Order and to extensions or modifications of existing facilities that are regularly put into service requiring the filing of a new application for authorization pursuant to section R. 512-33 of the Environmental Code beyond the same period of time (named)).
For other facilities (named "existing facilities" in the subsequent Order), and without prejudice to the provisions already applicable:
- the provisions of Articles 1st, 2, 3, 13, 14, 17, 23, 24, 30 to 35, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46, 49 to 53 and 56 to 64 shall apply within six months of the date of publication of the order;
- the provisions of articles 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 18 to 22, 25 to 29, 36, 39, 44, 45, 47, 48, 54 and 55 apply to existing facilities as described in these articles;
- the provisions of sections 10 and 11 are applicable to existing installations only for the installation of a new tank;
- the provisions of sections 6 and 12 are not applicable to existing facilities.
The provisions in heading 3 of this Order are also not applicable to existing tanks whose operation ceases before the end of 2015.
For the purpose of this Order, the following means:
― access to the site: opening linking the service or public route and the site's interior sufficiently sized to allow the entry of emergency equipment and their implementation;
― capacity of a tank: capacity of a tank defined by the filling volume corresponding to the first level of safety, not at the overflow level;
― the equivalent capacity of a tank: capacity calculated with the formula given in section 1430 of the nomenclature of plants classified for the protection of the environment applied to the tank concerned;
― a useful capacity for holding several containers or portable containers: a deemed capacity equals:
- at its actual capacity (geometric), when the useful capacity is calculated according to the total capacity of the portable tanks or containers;
- to its actual capacity diminished of the volume displaced in retention by non-largest portable tanks or containers, where the useful capacity is calculated according to the capacity of the largest portable tank or container;
Category A, B, C and D: categories of flammable liquids considered under section 1430 of the nomenclature of classified facilities;
Category C1: flammable second-class liquids within the meaning of section 1430 of the nomenclature of classified installations having a flashpoint greater than or equal to 55 °C and less than 100 °C stored at a temperature greater than or equal to their flashpoint, except heavy fuellings;
Category C2: second-class flammable liquids within the meaning of section 1430 of the nomenclature of classified installations having a flashpoint greater than or equal to 55 °C and less than 100 °C stored at a temperature less than their flashpoint, except heavy fuels;
Category D1: heavy fuels stored at a temperature greater than or equal to their flashpoint;
Category D2: heavy fuels stored at a temperature below their flashpoint;
- tank: a portable capacity of a volume greater than or equal to 1 cubic metre for the carriage of flammable liquids in accordance with the regulations for the carriage of dangerous goods by land or by sea. For this Order, portable receptacles are not considered as tanks;
― volatile organic compound (VOC): any organic compound, excluding methane, as well as the fraction of creosote with a saturating vapour pressure of 0.01 kilopascal, or more, at a temperature of 20 °C or having a corresponding volatility under special conditions of use;
- petrol: any petroleum derivative, with or without additive, of a saturating vapour pressure at 20 °C of 13 kilopascals or more, intended to be used as fuel for motor vehicles, except for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Fuels for aviation are not concerned;
– VOC channeled emission: any VOC emissions in the atmosphere made using a chimney or from emission reduction equipment;
― diffuse emission of VOCs: any emission of VOCs in air, soil and water that does not take place in the form of channelled emissions;
– installation in "free service without supervision": a facility is said to be in "free service without supervision" when it is made available to personnel authorized to operate the facility themselves outside the presence on the operator's site capable of implementing the means of first fire and environmental protection intervention;
― non-water flammable liquid: flammable liquid meeting one of the following criteria:
― flammable liquid having solubility in water at 20 °C below 1%;
― flammable liquid whose solubility in water at 20 °C is between 1% and 10% and for which extinction tests have shown that it behaves as a liquid with a low affinity with water;
- fuel in which no more than 15% oxygenated products are incorporated;
― flammable liquid miscible to water: flammable liquid that does not meet the definition of a non-water liquid;
― flammable liquid distribution position: a location that combines one or more arrivals of flammable liquids and one or more departures, which can be connected by means of articulated hoses or hoses to achieve various combinations necessary for operation;
― automatic reception: provision made without local human intervention or monitoring on openings and closings of reception circuits;
- mobile container: portable handling capacity intended for the carriage of flammable liquids by land or sea of a volume less than or equal to 3 cubic metres;
- tank: fixed capacity for the storage of flammable liquids. Basins for the treatment of effluents, pits, retentions, balloons, process apparatus integrated with manufacturing units or loading and unloading stations and tanks dedicated to certain uses (e.g. generators and fire pumping groups) are not considered as reservoirs;
― air tank: tank that is entirely above the level of the surrounding soil. Tanks installed in premises are considered to be airborne even when the premises are located below the level of the surrounding ground;
– double wall tank: an air tank for which the retention is delimited by a second metal wall or concrete forming a vertical axis ring space around the tank;
― floating screen tank: tank equipped with a fixed cover protecting it from the weather and an internal device similar to a floating roof;
― fixed roof tank: tank equipped with a fixed cover but not meeting the definition of a floating screen tank or a floating roof tank;
― reference fixed roof tank: tank:
- identical geometry;
- containing the same product;
― having the same annual rate of rotation of product in filling and greed service;
― breathing freely to the atmosphere (not equipped with valves);
- not calorifugé;
– whose walls and roofs are covered with a painting reflecting 70% of the radiated heat;
― floating roof tank: a tank with a mobile metal roof designed to ensure its buoyancy, and equipped with a sealing ring;
– deported retention: retention does not contain the tanks associated with it. The latter may be more or less distant in such a way as to defer flows to a zone with less risk;
- rate of rotation of a tank: rate defined by the ratio between the annual volume of flammable liquid transferred to the tank and the volume of the tank;
― gasoline terminal: establishment that has gasoline storage tanks and tank loading and unloading facilities used for the carriage of gasoline.
The provisions of this Article shall not apply to establishments subject to the provisions of the aforementioned Order of 10 May 2000.
The tanks installed after the date of release of this order increased by six months are installed so that their walls are located at least 30 metres from the site's limits. This provision does not apply to tanks reconstructed instead of an existing tank when this new tank is intended to contain the same flammable liquid in as equal quantities.
Mobile containers are arranged so that their walls are located at a minimum of 2 metres from the site's limits.
The operator shall ensure that these distances are maintained if the fence is moved.
Lower distances may be provided provided that areas of serious danger to human life by direct and indirect effects do not exceed the boundaries of the facility.
All arrangements are made to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing facilities.
Tanks are located on a fenced site, except in case of justified impossibility. The operator ensures that the physical integrity of the fence is maintained over time and performs the maintenance operations of the premises regularly.
The minimum height of the fence, measured from the ground on the outer side, is 2.5 metres.
The provisions of the first two paragraphs of this Article shall apply to existing facilities within six months of the date of publication of the Order.
The third paragraph provision is not applicable to existing facilities, extensions or modifications of existing facilities and to new facilities built in an establishment existing on the date of publication of this Order.
The sites have at all times two access at least positioned so that they are always accessible to enable the operation of fire and rescue services, regardless of wind conditions.
For sites that exist on the date of publication of this Order that host existing facilities, extensions or modifications of existing facilities and new facilities, these facilities are permanently provided with access to at least the requirements of the preceding paragraph. The operator shall provide the prefect, within three years of the date of publication of this Order, with a technical-economic study assessing the possibility that the site has at least two access at all times.
Access to the site is designed to be open immediately upon request by fire and rescue services or directly by fire and rescue services.
Vehicles whose presence is related to the operation of the facility station without causing any discomfort for the accessibility of emergency equipment from the external traffic lanes to the installation, even outside the operating and opening hours of the facility.
The access route to the installations to the gear track defined in Article 6 of this Order shall respect the following characteristics:
- the useful width is at least 6 metres, the free height, at a minimum of 4.5 metres and the slope, less than 15%;
- in the inner radius bends below 50 metres, a minimum R inner radius of 13 metres is maintained and a S = 15/R metres overwidth is added;
– the track is resistant to the bearing force calculated for a 320 kN vehicle with a maximum of 130 kN per axle, with a maximum distance of 3.6 metres.
Different values may be provided by pre-fectoral order subject to prior agreement of the fire and rescue service.
The provisions of the second, third and fourth paragraphs shall apply to existing facilities within six months of the date of publication of the order.
The provisions of the other subparagraphs shall not apply to existing facilities, extensions or modifications of existing facilities and to new facilities built in an establishment existing on the date of publication of this Order.
The installation has a "machine" path that allows to turn each retention associated with one or more tanks.
The "machine" track meets the following characteristics:
- the useful width is at least 3 metres, the free height, at least 4.5 metres and the bearing force, identical to that of the access route provided for in Article 5 of this Order;
―it includes at least two crossing areas every 100 metres; These areas have a minimum length of 15 metres and a minimum width of 3 metres in addition to the gear track.
Different configurations can be provided by pre-fectoral order, subject to the prior agreement of the fire and rescue service.
The provisions of this Article shall not apply to double-wall tanks meeting the provisions of Article 25 of this Order.
7-1. The premises containing flammable liquid storage have the following minimum reaction and fire resistance characteristics:
– the exterior walls are built in A1 class materials;
– the structure is R 180;
– the separative walls are REI 180 and exceed by at least 1 metre the building's cover to the right of crossing. These walls are extended laterally to the outer walls on a width of 1 meter or 0.5 meter of the façade, in the continuity of the wall unless the outer walls are EI 180;
― the roof is covered with a protective strip A2s1d0 on a minimum width of 5 meters on both sides of the separative walls;
- the openings carried out in the separative walls are equipped with closure or billing devices ensuring a degree of fire resistance equivalent to that required for these walls;
– the high floors are EI 180 and the supporting structures of R 180 floors at least;
– for roofing, its supporting elements are made of A1 materials and the thermal insulation (if available). The whole roof (support elements, insulation and sealing) satisfied the class and the Broof index (t3);
- the soil is waterproof and incombustible (class A1fl);
― the materials of the openings passing through the natural lighting do not produce ignited drops during a fire;
– the equipment maintenance workshops located in the same building are isolated by a wall and ceiling REI 180;
― if located in the same building, offices and social premises, with the exception of the so-called "dock" offices intended to accommodate staff directly working on storage and docks, are located in a closed space remote from at least 10 metres of storage, or isolated by an EI 180 wall;
― the premises are equipped in part high of devices for the evacuation of smoke and combustion gas (DENFC) released in the event of fire (roofings, façade openings or any other equivalent device). A useful area DENFC between 0.5 and 6 square metres is planned for 250 square metres of projected roof area.
DENFCs, with reference to NF EN 12 101-2 (October 2003 or later version), have the following characteristics:
- Type B opening system (opening and closing);
reliability: RE 300 (300 safety cycles) class;
- classification of snow overload at the opening: SL 250 (25 daN/m2) for altitudes below or equal to 400 metres and SL 500 (50 daN/m2) for altitudes between 400 and 800 metres. Class SL 0 is usable if the location area is not likely to be snowed or if constructive provisions prevent snow accumulation. Above 800 metres, the outlets are SL 500 and installed with constructive provisions preventing snow accumulation;
ambient temperature class T(00);
– heat exposure class B 300.
Smoke disposal devices are composed of automatic and manual control outlets.
Manual opening controls are located near access to storage facilities. The swelling system is adapted to the particular risks of the installation.
The parts of the buildings between separative walls where flammable liquids are stored have a maximum surface of 1,500 square meters in the absence of an automatic fire extinction system and 3,000 square meters in the presence of an automatic fire extinction system specifically adapted to flammable and dimensioned liquids to allow a total extinction of the fire of the cell concerned within a maximum of three hours.
The provisions of this article:
- are not applicable to existing facilities;
― are applicable to extensions or modifications of existing facilities as well as to new facilities built in an establishment existing on the date of publication of this Order, where the equivalent capacity of flammable liquids subject to the application for authorization is greater than 10 cubic metres.
7-2. The new facilities do not include, surmount, or are surmounted by premises inhabited or occupied by third parties. For extensions or modifications to existing facilities on the date of publication of this Order, the Prefect may authorize alternative provisions in relation to the hazard study.
The tanks shall conform, at the date of construction, to the standards and codes in force for the storage of flammable liquids, with the exception of the provisions contrary to the requirements of this Order.
Any tank shall be subjected, prior to its commissioning, to an initial test of resistance and watertightness by filling in the conditions prescribed by the standard or construction code.
This test is the subject of a report retained in the tank tracking record, which is detailed in section 28 of this Order and is available for inspection of classified facilities.
Carpenters with flammable liquid tanks whose lowest point is located more than one metre from the underlying ground are R 180.
The latter provision shall apply to existing facilities within five years of the date of publication of this Order. Other provisions are not applicable to existing facilities.
Tanks containing crude oil are subject to an internal anti-corrosion coating on the bottom and a dress height of 0.6 meters from the bottom. For existing tanks at the date of release of this Order, this coating shall be put in place no later than the next opening of the tank for detailed inspection as provided for under Article 29 of this Order.
The horizontal distance between a new tank and other tanks, located in the same retention, measured with dress dress (calorifuge not included), respects the following minimum distances:
| D 10 m | All | 1.5 m |
| 10 m D 30 m | A, B, C1, D1 | 10 m; this distance may be reduced subject to the establishment of one of the provisions listed below |
| | C2 | 7.5 m; this distance may be reduced subject to the establishment of one of the provisions listed below |
| | D2 | 1.5 m |
| 30 m D 40 m | A, B, C1, D1 | D/3 |
| | C2 | D/4 |
| | D2 | 1.5 m |
| D 1 40 m | A, B, C1, D1 | D/2 |
| | C2 | D/4 |
| | D2 | 1.5 m |
The implantation distance of a tank vis-à-vis the edge of a retention associated with another tank is fixed by prefectural stop, considering, for the value of the flow initiated by the adjacent retention fire and received by the tank, a maximum permissible value of 12 kW/m2.
This value is increased to 15 kW/m2 if cooling means of the exposed wall of the tank, allowing to reduce the flow felt at the tank level to 12 kW/m2, can be implemented within fifteen minutes from the beginning of the fire in the storage.
These provisions apply identically to establish the location distance of a tank to any external retention of mobile containers and any storage covered by mobile containers, considering, for the latter calculation of distances, a fire cell as a retention.
Category A, B, C1 and D1 flammable liquid tanks located in the same retention are adjacent to an access route allowing the intervention of the extinction mobile means.
Tanks of flammable liquids of categories C2 or D2 located in the same retention are arranged on a maximum of three rows.
The space between the fixed cover and the mobile screen of the floating screen tanks is ventilated by openings or ingrained so that the flammable liquid flammable threshold is not reached.
Tanks with a volume greater than 1,500 cubic metres containing liquids whose saturating vapour pressure is greater than 25 kilopascals at 20 °C (or vapour voltage equivalent to 37.8 °C of 50 kilopascals for petroleum products) are equipped with a roof or a floating screen or operated so that the inflammable liquid threshold is not reached.
Fixed-roof tanks and floating-screen tanks are equipped with a breathing device limiting, in normal operation, pressures or depressions to the values provided during the construction and repeated in the tank tracking file provided for in section 28 of this Order.
When areas of serious danger to human life, by direct or indirect effects, related to a dangerous phenomenon of tank pressurization come out of the site's limits, the operator puts in place vents whose cumulative surface Se is a minimum that calculated according to the formula given in Annex 1.
However, the provisions of this article shall not apply:
- tanks with a diameter greater than or equal to 20 metres;
- to tanks whose areas of grave danger to human life outside the site, by direct and indirect effects, generated by a baccalaureate pressurization:
― does not have a place of human occupation and are not likely to be the subject of it either because the operator has ascertained its land control, or because the prefect has made arrangements to prevent the construction of new buildings, and
– there is no traffic or only traffic routes for which the provisions of the emergency plans provide for a ban on movement.
For existing installations, the necessary vent surfaces shall be put in place at the next detailed inspection of the tank under section 29 of this Order or within a period of ten years after the date of publication of this Order for tanks not subject to detailed inspection outside of operation.
In the case of automatic receptions, flammable liquid tanks are equipped:
- a level measuring device that operates continuously and is used for receiving operations (such as tank change or reception stop);
– a high level security, corresponding to the first level of safety located above the maximum operating level:
- independent of the level measurement device;
installed so that it can be monitored regularly;
― programmed to achieve the high level of security:
• generates a visual and sound alarm;
― generates the sending of information to the carrier's operator;
― automatically stops reception, possibly temporally, by action on the arrival valve of the flammable liquid;
― positioned so that, given the filling speed and the manoeuvring time of the valves, the receipt of flammable liquids shall be stopped in the tank before the liquid reaches the very high level even when the time specified in the preceding paragraph is implemented;
– a second level security corresponding to a very high level of security:
- independent of the level measurement system and the first level security;
installed so that it can be monitored regularly;
― programmed to ensure that reaching the highest level of safety results in an immediate stop to the reception by closing the product arrival valve and closing the container's inlet valve;
― positioned so that, given the filling speed and the manoeuvring time of the valves, the receipt of flammable liquids is stopped before the tank is overflowed.
In the case of non-automatic receptions, flammable liquid tanks with an equivalent or equal capacity of 100 cubic metres are equipped with an independent device of the operating measurement system, which may be:
- a level alarm relayed to a permanent presence of staff with instructions indicating the steps to be followed to interrupt the tank filling as soon as possible and configured so that the person so notified stops receiving flammable liquids before the tank overflow;
― or a mechanical filling limiter whose implementation is conditioned to the kinetic of a possible overfilling;
― or an instrumented safety performing the actions necessary to interrupt the tank filling before reaching the overflow level.
This device constitutes the first level of safety within the meaning of the definition of a tank capacity in Article 2 of this Order.
The provisions of this Article shall apply to existing facilities of flammable liquids of equivalent capacity less than 100 cubic metres within five years after the date of issuance of this Order.
With respect to existing facilities of equivalent capacity greater than or equal to 100 cubic metres, the provisions of this Article shall apply to the date of the next detailed inspection of the tank under Article 29 of this Order and within a maximum period of ten years after the date of publication of this Order.
Tanks are designed so that the "in rain" filling mode is impossible, with the exception of tanks permanently in the atmosphere of inert gas.
In the event of the use of a heating system, provisions allowing the monitoring of the temperature of the liquid and the limitation of the heating temperature are taken to avoid the dangerous phenomena of self-ignition of the gaseous phase and uncontrolled boiling of the liquid phase. The temperature limit chosen for this purpose is recorded in the tank monitoring file referred to in section 28 of this Order.
The heaters using an electric device are kept constantly immersed when the tank is in operation.
The provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within two years of the date of issuance of this Order.
Each mobile receptacle or group of mobile receptacles is combined with a retention capacity of at least equal capacity:
- the total capacity of the receptacles if this capacity is less than 800 litres;
– 50% of the total capacity of the receptacles with a minimum of 800 litres if this capacity exceeds 800 litres.
Each tank used as a fixed volume storage of more than 3,000 litres is combined with a retention capacity of at least 3,000 litres.
The operator ensures that retention capabilities are available on an ongoing basis.
Retentions are watertight, i.e. meeting the provisions of paragraph 22-1 of this Order, and resist the physico-chemical action of flammable liquids that may be collected. They are subject to an annual in-depth visual examination and appropriate maintenance.
The walls of detention are incombustible.
If the volume of these retentions exceeds 3,000 litres, the walls are RE 30.
The provisions of this Article shall apply to existing facilities within six months of the date of publication of this Order, except for the preceding paragraph which is not applicable.
20-1. Each tank or tank group is associated with a retention capacity of at least equal to the largest of the following two values:
100% of the capacity of the largest associated tank;
50% of the total capacity of the associated tanks.
This provision is applicable to existing facilities:
- for all non-heavy flammable liquids;
- for heavy fuel storages authorized as of March 3, 1998 and for storages that have been subject to an amendment or extension after that date under the conditions set out in section R. 512-33 of the Environmental Code.
For other existing heavy fuel storage facilities, the useful retention capacity is at least 20% of the total capacity of the associated tanks. For these facilities, the operator also provides the prefect, within three years of the date of publication of this Order, with a technical-economic study assessing the possibility of meeting the provisions of the first three paragraphs of this Article.
20-2. For tanks constructed after the date of release of this decree increased by six months, in addition to the volumes defined in point 20-1 of this Order, the retention volume allows to contain the volume of extinction water, defined in the hazard study taking into account:
- decrease in the level of liquid on fire;
- the potential leakage flow;
∙ the intake of a soft solution on the basis of the application rate necessary for the extinction of this flammable liquid;
– the destruction of foam during extinction operations;
– the predictable duration of the intervention.
For retention cases containing multiple storages, this calculation is made for the flammable liquid with the highest extinction agent application rate and considers the largest possible fire surface to determine the extinction agent volume.
Alternatively to the calculation of the extinction water retention volume in accordance with the preceding paragraphs, the operator may take into account an additional height of the retention walls of 0.15 metres to contain these extinction waters.
The provisions of this article are specific to deported detentions.
21-1. The provisions of paragraph 20-1 of this Order shall apply to detentions deported to existing facilities authorized on or after March 3, 1998, as well as to facilities that have been subject to an amendment or extension after that date under the conditions set out in section R. 512-33 of the Environmental Code.
For other facilities, in the case of a deported retention whose size does not correspond to the first three paragraphs of point 20-1 of this Order, the operator shall, within one year of the date of publication of this Order, provide a technical-economic study evaluating the possibility of responding to the provisions of this Article.
21-2. In the case of deported retention, the disposition and slope of the soil around the tanks are such that in the event of leaking flammable liquids are directed only to the retention capacity. The air route followed by accidental flows between the tanks and the retention capacity does not pass through an area with bare lights and does not cut the access routes to the tanks. If the flow is channeled, the ducts and pipes have, if necessary, equipment preventing the spread of a potential fire between the tank and deported retention (e.g., an anti-flamm siphon).
Deported retention is dimensioned so that there can be no overflow of flammable fluid when it is possible to arrive in retention.
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply to existing facilities within five years of the date of issuance of this Order.
22-1-1. New retentions are provided with a sealing device that meets one of the following characteristics:
– a concrete coating, waterproof membrane or any other device that gives retention its waterproof character. Infiltration speed through the watertight layer is then less than 10–7 meters per second. This requirement is increased to 10 –8 metres per second for a net surface retention of more than 2,000 square metres containing flammable liquid storage with a real capacity of more than 1,500 cubic metres;
– a layer of sealing in furniture materials such that if V is the penetration speed (in meters per hour) and h the thickness of the sealing layer (in meters), the ratio h/V is greater than 500 hours. The thickness h, taken into account for the calculation, cannot exceed 0.5 meters. This h/V report may be reduced without, however, being less than 100 hours if the operator demonstrates its ability to resume or evacuate the product in a period below the calculated h/V report.
The operator shall ensure in the time of the sustainability of this device. In particular, leakage must not be compromised by the products that can be collected, by a possible fire or by any physical assaults related to the current operation.
22-1-2. For existing facilities, the operator shall, within two years from the date of publication of this Order, identify the retentions requiring leakage to meet the requirements of paragraph 22-1-1 of this Order. It then plans work in four tranches, each work section covering a minimum of 20% of the total surface of the retentions concerned. Work shall be carried out no later than six, ten, fifteen and twenty years after the date of publication of this Order.
However, the requirements of the preceding paragraph are exempted:
H330, H330, R39, R45, R46, R48, R50, R51, R52, R53, R56, R60, R61, R62, R63, R65, R68, or a combination of H401, or H3301,
― the retentions associated with existing tanks containing flammable liquids not covered by a risk phrase R22, R25, R28, R39, R40, R45, R46, R48, R49, R56, R60, R61, R62, R63, R65, R68, or by a combination of H300, H301, H302, H304,
22-2-1. Retentions are designed and maintained to withstand the static pressure of the potentially widespread product and the physico-chemical action of the products that can be collected.
They are subject to appropriate maintenance. The operator defines by operating procedure the modalities for carrying out a regular current visual examination and an in-depth annual visual examination.
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply to existing facilities within six months of the issuance of this Order.
22-2-2. Support bolts, when available, are designed to withstand a four-hour fire. The walls, if any, are RE 240 and the passages of walls by piping are joined by E 240 materials. These provisions are not applicable to existing facilities.
22-2-3. The operator shall make the necessary arrangements to avoid any tank rupture which may lead to a dynamic pressure (from a wave resulting from the tank rupture), greater than the static pressure defined in paragraph 22-2-1 of this Order.
22-2-4. The walls of the retentions constructed or rebuilt after the date of publication of this order increased by six months are designed and maintained to withstand dynamic pressure (from a wave from the rupture of a tank):
equal to twice the static pressure defined in paragraph 22-2-1 of this Order; or
― determined by the calculation on the basis of a relevant catastrophic rupture scenario taking into account the design of the tray and the nature of its seating.
These provisions are not applicable to container retentions:
- horizontal axis; or
- spherical; or
- subject to the regulation of pressure equipment and subject to periodic inspection under this regulation; or
- an equivalent capacity less than 100 cubic metres; or
- double wall.
22-3. The height of the walls of the detention is at least 1 meter from the inside of the retention. This minimum height is reduced to 50 centimetres for horizontal-axis tanks, capacity tanks below 100 cubic metres and heavy-duty fuel storage.
The height of the retention walls is limited to 3 metres from the outside ground level.
A higher height may be provided by pre-fectoral order to the extent that it reduces surfaces that may be on fire to a value of less than 5,000 square metres for non-water-impaired flammable liquids and 2,000 square metres for water-impaired flammable liquids provided that this height remains compatible with the implementation of mobile extinction means.
The provisions of the preceding three subparagraphs are not applicable to existing facilities.
22-4. The distance between the walls of the retention and the wall of the contained tanks is at least equal to the height of the retention wall relative to the soil side retention. This provision does not apply to soil excavation retention.
The provisions of the previous paragraph are not applicable to existing facilities.
22-5. In any case, the maximum net surface (deducted tanks) likely to be on fire does not exceed 6,000 square meters. If the retention exceeds this surface, it is divided into subretentions of not more than 6,000 square metres by walls or merlons that comply with the provisions of paragraphs 22-2-1 and 22-2-2 of this Order. The fire stability of these walls and merlons is compatible with the operator's fire control strategy.
For water-impaired liquids, this surface is reduced to 3,000 square meters.
For existing facilities at the date of issuance of this Order, the operator shall provide the Prefect within three years of the publication of this Order with a technical-economic study assessing the possibility of meeting the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs.
22-6. Retentions are accessible to mobile means of extinction, when they are provided in the extinction strategy, on at least two opposite sides served by a machine track and taking into account the prevailing winds.
The provisions of the previous paragraph are not applicable to existing facilities.
22-7-1. Existing pipes, located inside but outside their operation, are tolerated subject to the possibility of isolating them by devices outside of retention. These isolation devices are identified and easily accessible in the event of a retention fire. Their implementation is subject to special instructions. This provision is applicable to existing facilities within five years of the date of issuance of this Order.
22-7-2. In the case of flammable liquid piping fuelling tanks in different retentions, only sectionnable derivations outside of retentions can penetrate them. For existing facilities, the operator shall provide the prefect, within three years of the date of publication of this Order, with a technical-economic study assessing the possibility of meeting the provisions of this paragraph.
22-7-3. The new pipes, both air and air, and the new electrical pipes that are not strictly necessary for the operation of retention or its security are excluded from them.
22-8. A flammable liquid pump may be placed in the retention provided that it may be isolated by a sectioning organ complying with the requirements of Article 26 of this Order from the outside of the retention or that it is directly installed above the tanks. For existing facilities, the operator shall provide the prefect, within three years of the date of publication of this Order, with a technical-economic study assessing the possibility of meeting the provisions of this paragraph.
22-9. When a loss of containment on a tank can cause a phenomenon whose overpressure effects are likely to lead to significant hazards to human life outside the site, a detection of the presence of flammable liquid (liquid detection or gas) is put in place. This provision shall apply to existing facilities within five years of the date of publication of this Order.
In the absence of a facility guard, an alert device allows an intervention within 30 minutes of the start of the flight. This provision is applicable to existing facilities within five years of the date of issuance of this Order.
22-10. With the exception of item 22-9 of this Order, the provisions of this Article shall not apply:
- the storages referred to in Article 19 of this Order;
- the double wall tanks referred to in Article 25 of this Order.
Retention may not be assigned to both liquefied gas tanks and flammable liquid tanks.
Retentions for stationary tanks may not also be assigned to the storage of portable containers and tanks referred to in Article 19 of this Order, except in the case of deported retentions.
incompatible products do not share the same retention.
The operator puts in place appropriate devices and procedures to ensure the disposal of water that can accumulate in retentions.
These devices:
– are sealed to flammable liquids capable of being retained;
― are closed (or at the stop if it is active devices) except during the emptying phases;
― can be ordered without having to enter retention.
The open or closed position of these devices is clearly identifiable without having to enter retention.
The provisions of this article are specific to double wall tanks.
25-1. The distance between the container's dress and the second wall is limited to the strict necessary to ensure the placement of the sectioning organs and allow the operation and routine maintenance. It is in all cases less than 5 metres. The retention capacity is dimensioned to meet the requirements of item 20-1 of this Order.
25-2. The second retaining wall is RE 240 unless it is metal, in which case it is incombustible and is equipped with cooling means to obtain stability, in the event of a fire in the annular space, of at least thirty minutes.
25-3. The annular space is equipped with a detection (liquid or gas) adapted to the nature of the stored flammable liquid, fire detection and fixed foam discharge. If the flammable liquid that may be spread in the annular space can generate an explosive atmosphere, the detection is based on several sensors using at least two different technologies including gas detection.
The detection of flammable liquid in the annular space causes the immediate stopping of the tank filling, its isolation and the automatic release of foam spill in the annular space.
In the absence of a human presence on the site or if the fire response time is more than twenty minutes, fire detection causes the tank's isolation and the automatic release of the foam spill in the annular space.
25-4. The tanks have the following means to prevent overfilling:
- a high level measurement with an alarm relayed to a permanent presence of staff with instructions indicating the steps to be taken to interrupt the tank as soon as possible;
– a very high level security independent of the measure leading to the possible temporal shutdown of the tank filling and configured so that the receipt of flammable liquids is stopped before the tank overflow.
25-5. For the particular case of double metal wall tanks:
― the tanks are designed so that in the event of accidental overpressure the tank rupture takes place at the level of the connection between the dress and the roof. This requirement does not apply to floating roof tanks;
– the fire strategy is based solely on fixed means. It allows the extinction of a fire in the annular space with a speed such that the holding on the fire of the double metal wall is not compromised. It does not use the means to combat the fire of public emergency services;
the following provisions are implemented:
– the tank and the second wall (external side) are equipped with a cooling crown with a flow rate of 15 litres per minute and per meter of minimum circumference. This flow allows a cooling of the entire dress to the base of the tank as demonstrated in the hazard study;
― the tank is equipped with fixed foam spills capable of fighting a tank lamp (including foam boxes or spills);
― the annular space is equipped with fixed foam discharge means;
― the detection of flammable liquid in the annular space causes the automatic release of foam spill in the annular space;
― the fire detection in the annular space causes the automatic release of foam into the annular space and the commissioning of the cooling crown of the second wall (external ring);
- the time to implement fixed fire protection means is less than five minutes;
- the presence of at least one competent person capable of acting in less than five minutes to overcome the failure of the means referred to in the preceding paragraph is mandatory.
25-6. In addition, for equipment intended to combat a fire in the annular space of all double wall tanks, the following provisions are put in place:
― water and emulsifier pumping means have emergency equipment;
― the generation of foaming solution has emergency equipment;
– the network of fire and premix water is mesh;
– the foam application means have emergency equipment;
– Emulsifier reserves have emergency equipment.
The operator's network is designed so that it can be rescued and regenerated by means of fire control of public emergency services in the event of failure of the entire main network and the (or) emergency network(s). The main network is tested annually by the operator. The power supply system of the emergency network is compatible with the means of public emergency.
25-7. The provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within five years of the date of issuance of this Order.
26-1. The pipes, valves and accessories comply with the standards and codes in force during their manufacture, with the exception of provisions contrary to the requirements of this Order. The various accessible pipes are identified in accordance with existing standards.
Pipe fittings are made in metal construction, concrete or masonry. They are designed and arranged to prevent corrosion and external erosion of pipes in contact with the supports.
The provisions of the previous paragraph are not applicable to existing facilities.
26-2. When flammable liquid pipes are placed in ducts, they are equipped at their ends and every 100 metres of suitable devices preventing the spread of the lamp and the flow of flammable liquids beyond these devices.
This provision is applicable to facilities previously submitted to the Order dated 9 November 1972, setting out the rules for the development and operation of liquid hydrocarbon deposits within five years of the date of issue of this Order and is not applicable to other existing facilities.
26-3. The screwed pipes with a diameter greater than 50 millimetres, carrying a flammable liquid, are allowed inside the holdings provided the screwing is completed by a welding cord.
26-4. The passage through concrete walls is compatible with the expansion of pipework.
26-5. Filling or welding pipes disconnecting in the tank at the liquid phase level are equipped with a closing device to prevent the tank from emptying in the case of leakage on a pipe. This device consists of one or more sectioning bodies. This closure device is made of steel, both for the body and for the shutter organ, and is located at the nearest to the container's dress while allowing running operation and maintenance.
Flexible piping between the tank and the aforementioned closure device is prohibited.
The closure is carried out by remote control or action of an anti-return valve. In the event of a fire in retention, the closure is automatic, even if the remote is lost, and the sealing device is maintained.
Alternative provisions may be provided by pre-fectoral order, subject to the establishment of an organization and available means of intervention to:
ensuring that the total detection and response time is less than sixty minutes;
― ensuring the holding of pipes and their equipment (supporting, flanges and pans) present in the hold for at least sixty minutes.
26-6. The provisions of this section do not apply to tanks with an equivalent capacity of less than 10 cubic metres.
The provisions of items 26-3 to 26-5 of this Order are also applicable to existing facilities on the date of the next detailed inspection outside the operation of the tank under section 29 of this Order or within ten years of the date of publication of this Order for tanks not subject to a detailed inspection.
Flammable liquid transfer pumps:
Category A, B or C when installed engine power exceeds 5 kW;
Category D, when installed engine power exceeds 15 kW,
are equipped with safety stopping the pump in case of abnormal heating caused by a zero flow.
The provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within five years of the date of issuance of this Order.
Each tank with an equivalent capacity of more than 10 cubic metres is the subject of an individual monitoring file comprising a minimum of the following elements, to the extent they are available:
― construction date (or commission date) and construction code used;
- volume of the tank;
construction materials, including foundations;
– existence of an internal coating and date of last application;
― the date of the initial hydraulic test if carried out;
- list of products or families of products successively stored in the tank;
dates, types of inspection and results;
– possible repairs and codes used.
This file is available for inspection of classified facilities.
For tanks that do not have such a tracking file, this is to be completed by December 31, 2011.
29-1. Any tank with an equivalent capacity of more than 10 cubic metres is subject to an inspection plan that defines the nature, extent and periodicity of the controls to be performed according to the contents and construction material of the tank and takes into account the operating, maintenance and environment conditions.
This plan includes:
- routine visits;
- detailed external inspections;
– detailed off-farm inspections for tanks with equivalent capacity of more than 100 cubic metres. Tanks that are not in direct contact with the ground and whose wall is fully visible from the outside are dispensed with this type of inspection.
29-2. The routine visits show the overall good condition of the tank and its environment and the external signs related to possible degradation modes. A written record defines the modalities of these routine visits. The interval between two routine visits does not exceed one year.
29-3. Detailed external inspections ensure that there is no anomalies that call into question the expected date for the next inspection.
These inspections include a minima:
- an in-depth external visual inspection of the shell components and accessories (such as piping and vents);
a visual inspection of the seat;
an inspection of the weld between the dress and the bottom;
– a thickness check of the dress, especially close to the bottom;
- a check of the possible geometrical deformations of the tank, including verticality, possible deformation of the dress and the presence of possible cups;
- inspection of anchorages if the tank is provided;
– additional investigations of defects revealed by visual inspection if applicable.
These inspections are carried out at least every five years, unless an in-time routine visit has identified an abnormality. A different frequency can be provided by prefectural stop for tanks related to manufacturing units.
29-4. Detailed off-farm inspections include a minima:
― all points for detailed external inspection;
an in-depth internal visual inspection of the tank and internal accessories;
- measures to determine the remaining thickness relative to a minimum thickness of calculation or removal thickness, in accordance with, on the one hand, a suitable code and, on the other, the kinetic of corrosion. These measures carry a minima on the thickness of the bottom and the first barrel of the tank and are carried out according to the best suitable methods available;
- internal control of welds. Are minima checked the weld between the dress and the back and the welds of the bottom located close to the dress;
– additional investigations of defects revealed by visual inspection if applicable.
Detailed off-farm inspections are carried out as often as necessary and at least every ten years, unless the results of the last inspections allow to assess the criticality of the tank to a level that allows the deadline to be postponed under conditions specified by a professional guide recognized by the Ministry of Sustainable Development. This report could not exceed ten years and could not be renewed in any event. Conversely, this period may be reduced if a routine visit or a detailed external inspection conducted in the meantime identified an anomaly.
29-5. The discrepancies observed during these various inspections are documented and transmitted to the competent persons for analysis and possible corrective actions.
29-6. External and non-operational inspections are carried out:
- by inspection services of the operator recognized by the Prefect or Minister for Sustainable Development; or
by an independent body authorized by the Minister for Sustainable Development for all oversight activities planned by the Decree No. 99-1046 of 13 December 1999 referred to above ; or
- by certified inspectors based on a professional repository recognized by the Minister for Sustainable Development; or
- under the responsibility of the operator, by a competent person designated for this purpose, capable of recognizing defects that may be encountered and assessing its severity. The prefect may challenge the person who has carried out these inspections if the prefect considers that it does not meet the conditions of this paragraph.
When a professional guide on the detailed content of the various inspections is recognized by the Minister for Sustainable Development, the operator shall implement it unless it justifies the use of different practices.
When tanks have special characteristics (especially by their constituent material, coating or configuration) or contain flammable liquids of particular physico-chemical characteristics, specific provisions may be adapted (nature and periodicity) for in-service inspections and detailed off-farm inspections based on guides recognized by the Minister responsible for sustainable development.
29-7. In existing facilities, the inspection program is implemented by 1 January 2012.
Tanks whose last in-depth inspection dates back to:
―before 1986, a detailed non-operational inspection is carried out before the end of December 2012;
― 1987 and 1988 are subject to a detailed off-farm inspection by the end of December 2014;
― 1989 and 1990, are subject to a detailed off-farm inspection by the end of December 2016.
For tanks that have never been subject to an external inspection or detailed off-site inspection, the first detailed off-site inspection shall take place within a maximum of ten years from the date of publication of this Order.
The operator maintains an inventory of the stocks per container. This inventory is carried out daily after the last day's liquid transfer in the event of continuous operation of the facilities.
The operator shall have on the site and before receipt of the material safety data sheets for the stored hazardous materials or any other equivalent document.
These documents are readily accessible and maintained at all times at the disposal of the inspection of classified facilities and fire and rescue services.
Without prejudice to the provisions of Labour code, instructions specifying the terms and conditions for the application of the provisions of this Order shall be established, kept up-to-date and made available to staff, including personnel from outside companies who are required to work in the facility, with respect to them.
These instructions include:
- the rules concerning the prohibition of smoking;
- the prohibition to bring fire in any form in the facility without authorization, as provided for in section 41 of this Order ("fire permit");
- the obligation of an authorization or intervention permit, as provided for in section 41 of this Order ("work permit");
- the procedures for stopping the emergency and security of the facility;
- measures to be taken in the event of leakage on a tank, mobile container, tank or pipeline containing dangerous substances;
- means of intervention to be used in the event of a fire;
- the alert procedure with the telephone numbers of the facility's response officer, fire and rescue services;
- specific measures for formulation operations.
If a tank is leaked, the following provisions are implemented:
- Stop filling;
- analysis of the situation and assessment of potential risks;
• drain the tank as soon as possible if the leak cannot be interrupted;
― Implementing means to prevent identified risks.
The operator records and analyzes the following events:
– loss of containment or overflow of a tank;
– loss of containment of more than 100 litres on a piping;
- exceeds a level of security as defined in Article 16 of this Order;
- failure of one of the safety devices mentioned in this Order.
This registry and associated analysis are made available for inspection of classified facilities.
The storage height of flammable liquids in portable containers is limited to 5 metres from the ground. This provision is applicable to existing facilities within one year of the date of release of this Order.
The installation, for flammable liquids, of hoses at locations where rigid pipes can be mounted is prohibited.
However, the use of flexible hoses for flammable liquids on mobile pumping groups, flammable liquid distribution stations and for a period of less than one month in the context of work or transitional operating phase is permitted.
In the case of use of hoses on flammable liquid distribution stations of categories A, B, C1 or D1, the product lines from storage tanks of a volume greater than 10 cubic metres are equipped with automatic valves or remotely controlled valves.
Any flexible one is replaced whenever its condition requires it and if the transport regulations provide for it according to the prescribed periodicity.
The length of the hoses used is as small as possible.
Outside the operating hours of the facility, monitoring of any installation containing more than 600 cubic metres of Class A, B, C1 or D1 flammable liquids or more than 10,000 cubic metres of Category C2 flammable liquids, by guarding or telemonitoring, is permanently put in place to transmit the warning in the event of a loss. If this alert is directly transmitted to fire and rescue services, the operator defines measures to allow access and intervention of public means in the best possible conditions.
In the case of a remote monitoring site:
- a leak detection, as referred to in paragraph 22-9 of this Order, is mandatory and involves the intervention of a competent person within a maximum of thirty minutes;
– a fire detection is mandatory and automatically activates the cooling of neighbouring installations. A person capable of acting and competent is present within 30 minutes of the activation of this device.
In the case of a permanent presence on site, an intervention following a fire alarm or leak detection is effective within a maximum of fifteen minutes.
With the exception of unattended open-service facilities, human monitoring on the site is ensured when there is a product movement.
These provisions apply to existing facilities within five years of the date of issuance of this Order.
The operator shall ensure that the safety and fire control equipment and electrical installations are periodically checked and maintained in accordance with the applicable repositories. The operator shall make available to the inspection of classified facilities the supporting elements of these audits and maintenance.
The operator shall identify, under its responsibility, the parts (locaux or locations) of the facility or the equipment and apparatus that, because of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the materials implemented, stored, used, produced or processed, are likely to be at the origin of a fire or explosion that may pose hazards to the interests referred to in Article L. 511-1 of the Environmental Code.
Within a distance of 20 metres from the parts (locaux or locations) of the facility or equipment and apparatus referred to in the preceding section, the operator shall identify equipment and equipment that may, in the event of an explosion or fire impacting them, pose hazards to the interests referred to in Article L. 511-1 of the Environmental Code. This census is available for inspection of classified facilities.
The provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within three years of the date of issuance of this Order.
The premises in which flammable liquids are present are properly ventilated to avoid the dangerous accumulation of flammable liquid vapours.
All arrangements are made to avoid the accumulation of flammable liquid vapours in the lower parts of the facility, including in pits and cranks.
The water vapour network is effectively protected from any introduction of flammable liquid.
In parts of the facility with fire or explosion risks, it is prohibited to bring fire in any form, except for the construction of work that has been the subject of a "fire permit". This prohibition is displayed in apparent characters.
In the parts of the installation referred to in section 38 of this Order, the repair or development work leading to an increase in the risks (including the use of a flame or a hot spring) may be carried out only after the issuance of a "work permit" and possibly a "fire permit" and by complying with the rules of a particular record.
The "work permit", the "fire permit" if there is one, and the particular record is established and subject to the operator or the person designated by the operator. When the work is carried out by an outside company, the "work permit", the "fire permit", if any, and the particular safety record of the facility shall be co-signed by the operator and the outside company or the persons they have designated, without prejudice to the provisions of the Labour Code (sections R. 4512-6 et seq.).
After the completion of the work and prior to the resumption of the activity, a facility verification is performed by the operator or its representative.
Metal equipment (servoirs, tanks and pipes) are placed on the ground in accordance with the applicable regulations, especially given the category of flammable liquids contained or conveyed.
Subject to the technical requirements that may result from the establishment of cathodic protection devices, fixed flammable liquid transfer facilities and metal carpenters and envelopes are electrically connected to each other and to a land socket or network. The continuity of the bonds has a resistance less than 1 ohm and the resistance of the earth socket is less than 10 ohms.
The operator defines the strategy and means to combat a possible fire that may occur in the facility.
The operator shall make the necessary arrangements to quantify and limit VOC emissions from its facilities by considering the best available techniques at an economically acceptable cost and taking into account the quality, vocation and use of surrounding environments, in accordance with sections R. 512-8 and R. 512-28 of the Environmental Code.
The operator is conducting an inventory of channeled and diffuse VOC sources. The list of emission sources is updated annually and is available for inspection of classified facilities.
For storage tanks, the inventory also contains the following information: volume, stored product, potential equipment (e.g. floating roof or floating screen) and information on possible connection to an emission reduction device.
The operator shall be at the disposal of the inspection of classified facilities a record containing the circulation patterns of flammable liquids in the facility, the list of inventoryed equipment and those subject to a VOC flow quantification, the results of the measurement campaigns and the record of possible emission reduction actions carried out.
The provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within two years of the date of issuance of this Order.
Non-methane-channeled VOC emissions from flammable liquid storage tanks meet the following limit values, with gas volumes reported to standard temperature (0 °C) and pressure (101.3 kPa) conditions after deduction of water vapour (dry gas):
(a) If the total hourly flux is greater than 2 kg/h, the total carbon limit value of the total concentration of all pipeline compounds is 110 mg/Nm3.
(b) For vapour recovery units (URV), the limit value expressed in grams per cubic metre, averaged over an hour, does not exceed 1.2 times the saturating vapour pressure of the product collected in kilopascal, but not exceed the value of 35 g/Nm3.
(c) In the case of the use of an oxidation technique for the removal of VOCs, the VOC limit value expressed in total carbon is 20 mg/Nm3 or 50 mg/Nm3 if the purification yield is greater than 98%. The reference oxygen content for the verification of compliance with the emission limit values is that measured in effluent from oxidation equipment. As part of the impact assessment under section L. 122-1 of the Environmental Code, the operator considers the possibility of installing a secondary energy recovery device. In addition, the operator ensures compliance with the emission limit values defined below for nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4):
NOx (NO2): 100 mg/m3;
CH4: 50 mg/m3;
CO: 100 mg/m3.
(d) For VOCs listed in Schedule III of the above-mentioned Ministerial Order of February 2, 1998, if the total hourly flux of organic compounds of these substances exceeds 0.1 kg/h, the emission limit value of the total concentration of these compounds is 20 mg/Nm3.
In the case of mixture of compounds both targeted and not covered by this point, the limit value of 20 mg/Nm3 is only applicable to compounds at this point and a value of 110 mg/Nm3, expressed in total carbon, is required for all compounds of channelled emissions.
(e) For VOCs of H340, H350, H350i, H360D or H360F hazard statements or R45, R46, R49, R60, R61 and halogenated hazard statements H341 or H351, or R40 or R68 risk phrases:
- for VOCs of H340, H350, H350i, H360D or H360F hazard statements or R45, R46, R49, R60, R61, a limit emission value of 2 mg/Nm3 in VOC is imposed if the maximum hourly flux of the entire facility is greater than or equal to 10 g/h. This limit value refers to the mass sum of the different compounds;
- for emissions of halogenated volatile organic compounds of H341 or H351, or labelled R40 or R68, an emission limit of 20 mg/Nm3 is imposed if the maximum hourly flux of the entire facility is greater than or equal to 100 g/h. This limit value refers to the mass sum of the different compounds.
The prefect may derogate from the requirements of the preceding two paragraphs, if the operator demonstrates, on the one hand, that it uses the best available techniques at an acceptable economic cost and, on the other hand, that there is no reason to fear significant risk to human health and the environment.
The provisions of this section apply to all flammable liquid storage facilities (existing and new).
For existing facilities that do not comply with the emission limit values set out in this section, a technical-economic study evaluating the possibility of meeting the requirements of this section shall be conducted within two years of the date of publication of this Order.
The height of the emissaries of the piped discharges (difference between the elevation of the open air outlet and the average altitude of the ground at the place in question) expressed in meters is determined, on the one hand, according to the level of the channeled emissions of VOCs to the atmosphere, on the other hand, according to the existence of obstacles that may hinder the dispersion of the gases.
It is fixed by the authorization to operate or a complementary prefectural order, possibly given the results of a study of the conditions for the dispersion of gases adapted to the site. This study is mandatory for releases that exceed 150 kg/h of channeled VOCs or 20 kg/h in the case of VOCs referred to in Annex III of the above-mentioned Ministerial Order of 2 February 1998.
For facilities authorized after publication of this Order, this height may not be less than 10 metres.
The diffuse emissions of the storage tanks are assessed for the tanks corresponding to the following table:
| Extremely flammable liquid | 10 m3 |
| First class flammable liquid to Pv 1 25 kPa | 10 m3 |
| First class flammable liquid at 16 kPa ̧ Pv 25 kPa | 50 m3 |
| First class flammable liquid at 6 kPa ̧ Pv 16 kPa | 100 m3 |
| First class flammable liquid at 1.5 kPa ̧ Pv 6 kPa | 500 m3 |
| First class flammable liquid at Pv 1.5 kPa | 1 500 m3 |
48-1. VOC diffuse emission values of tanks with a capacity greater than 1,500 cubic metres, containing a flammable liquid with a saturating vapour pressure of 20 °C between 1.5 and 50 kilopascals and rejecting more than 2 tons per year, do not exceed the values corresponding to those of a reference fixed roof tank with a reduction factor defined in the following table:
| D § 15 | 75 | 77 | 80 | 90 |
| 15 D § 20 | 80 | 82 | 85 | 93 |
| 20 D § 25 | 85 | 87 | 90 | 95 |
| 25 D § 30 | 87 | 89 | 92 | 96 |
| 30 D § 40 | 89 | 91 | 94 | 97 |
| 40 D § 50 | 91 | 93 | 96 | 98 |
| 50 D § 80 | 92 | 94 | 97 | 98.5 |
| D 80 | 93 | 95 | 98 | 99 |
| D § 15 | 75 | 78 | 85 | 92 |
| 15 D § 20 | 80 | 83 | 88 | 95 |
| 20 D § 25 | 87 | 90 | 92 | 96 |
| 25 D § 30 | 89 | 92 | 94 | 97 |
| 30 D § 40 | 92 | 94 | 96 | 98 |
| 40 D § 50 | 94 | 96 | 97 | 98.5 |
| 50 D § 80 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 |
| D 80 | 98 | 98.5 | 99 | 9.5 |
The provisions of this Article are specific to tanks of gasoline terminals.
49-1. Tanks with external floating roofs are equipped with a primary seal to fill the ring space between the tank wall and the outer periphery of the floating roof, and a secondary seal attached to the primary seal. The joints are designed to allow for a 95% or more total vapour retention compared to a comparable fixed-roof tank without a vapour restraint system (i.e. a fixed-roof tank with only a vacuum and pressure valve).
49-2. All new gasoline storage facilities at terminals where vapour recovery is required pursuant to Schedule 1 to the above-mentioned Order of 8 December 1995:
(a) Are fixed-roof tanks connected to the VUR in accordance with the provisions of Annex 2 to the above-mentioned Order of 8 December 1995 or
(b) Designated with a floating roof (external or internal) with primary and secondary seals to meet the operating requirements set out in item 49-1 of this Order;
(c) Tanks that have walls and an external surface roof covered with a paint with a total radiated heat coefficient greater than or equal to 70%.
49-3. Existing fixed roof tanks are:
(a) Linked to an URV in accordance with the provisions of Schedule 2 to the above-mentioned Order of 8 December 1995 or
(b) Equipped with an internal floating roof with a primary seal designed to allow for a global vapour retention of 90% or more from a comparable fixed roof tank without a vapour restraint system.
49-4. The steam restraint provisions of items 49-2 and 49-3 of this Order do not apply to fixed-roof tanks at terminals where intermediate storage of vapours is authorized in accordance with the provisions of the aforementioned Order of 8 December 1995.
In the event that one or more of the activities referred to in paragraphs 19 to 36 of Article 30 of the above-mentioned Order of 2 February 1998, the limit values of VOC emissions defined in paragraphs a and c of Article 45 and in Article 48 of this Order are not applicable to the releases of the facilities.
At the request of the operator, where the total flow of VOCs emitted by all the channeled and diffuse emission sources of the facility is less than the overall flow that would be achieved by a strict application of the emission limit values applicable at each channeled and diffuse point of release defined in this Order and, where applicable, defined in section 27-7 of the above-mentioned order of 2 February 1998, the limits
The characteristics of the facility, including sampling and discharges in the aquatic environment, are consistent with the quality and quantity objectives of the waters referred to in Article L. 212-1 of the Environmental Code IV.
Water sampling works in the bed of the watercourses include devices now in this bed a minimum flow guaranteeing the life, circulation and reproduction of the species that populate the water, unless it is a sampling to ensure the extinction of a fire. They don't interfere with the free flow of water.
Water sampling facilities outside fire water are equipped with a totalizing measuring device. This device is recorded daily if the debit is likely to exceed 100 cubic metres per day, weekly if the debit is lower. These results are included in a possible computerized registry.
All liquid effluents that may be polluted are channelled.
Direct connections between the receiving environment and effluent collection networks are prohibited for treatment or destruction.
A device allows the isolation of effluent collection networks polluted or likely to be polluted from the facility from the outside. This device is maintained in a state of operation, reported and actionable under any circumstances locally or from a command post. Its preventive maintenance and operationalization are defined by instructions.
A water network diagram and a liquid effluent collection network plan are prepared by the operator, regularly updated, including after each significant change, and dated. They are subject to inspection of classified facilities and fire and rescue services.
These documents include:
- the origin and distribution of feed water;
– the sectors collected and associated networks;
― works of all kinds such as connection points, eyes, swallows, lifting stations, measuring stations, manual and automatic valves or counters;
― the internal purification works with their control point and the points of rejection of any nature (internal or middle).
Effluent collection networks are designed and designed to be curable, watertight and withstand in time the physical and chemical actions of effluents or products that may be transited.
The operator ensures by appropriate and preventive controls of their good condition and sealing.
Liquid effluents do not degrade collection networks.
The collectors carrying water polluted by flammable or susceptible liquids are equipped with effective protection against the risk of flame spread.
Unless otherwise stated in the relevant paragraphs, the provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within six months of the date of publication of this Order.
54-1. Effluent collection networks separate unpolluted waters and various categories of polluted or polluted water.
Unclean rainwaters that do not alter their original quality are evacuated by a specific network. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to existing facilities, extensions or modifications of existing facilities and to new facilities built in an establishment existing on the date of publication of this Order.
Waters that are likely to be polluted, firewaters (executive or sinister) polluted by flammable liquids or emulsifiers, water discharges from reservoirs and operating sewers are collected at the level of water-tight zones and can only be released after quality control and if necessary only after appropriate treatment (excluding liquid-containing water only) In the absence of previously characterized pollution, these waters may be evacuated to the natural environment within the limits authorized by this Order and may be reinforced by prefectural order so that the quality and quantity objectives of the water referred to in Article L. 212-1 of the Environmental Code are respected.
The required volumes of containment are determined in the light of the hazard study. For existing facilities, a technical-economic study on the possibility of achieving this objective is carried out within three years of the date of publication of this Order.
The control bodies necessary for the commissioning of these volumes shall be operated under any circumstances.
When the runoff on all of the waterproofed surfaces of the facility (sizes, parking areas, etc.), in the event of rain corresponding to the maximum tenennial of precipitation, is likely to generate a flow at the outlet of the processing structures of these waters greater than 10% of the QMNA5 of the receiving environment, the operator puts in place a collection work in order to respect, in the event of a 10-year precipitation The collected water can only be released to the receiving environment after quality control and if appropriate treatment is required. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to existing facilities, extensions or modifications of existing facilities and to new facilities built in an establishment existing on the date of publication of this Order.
In case of rejection in a collective collection work, the maximum flow rate is fixed by agreement between the operator and the manager of the collection work.
54-2. Dilution of effluent is prohibited. In no case does it constitute a means to respect the release thresholds set below.
Discharged effluents do not include:
- floating materials;
- products that can be released in the natural environment directly or indirectly from toxic, flammable or fragrant gases or vapours. With respect to hydrocarbons and products generating a chemical oxygen demand (COD), releases compatible with the release threshold values defined below are nevertheless permitted;
– products that may be harmful to the conservation of works, as well as materials that are available or precipitable that, directly or indirectly, may interfere with the proper functioning of the works.
If the facility does not have any other activities that may alter the quality of the discharged water, discharges of liquid effluent into the receiving environment shall meet the limit values defined below:
- temperature below 30 °C;
pH between 5.5 and 8.5;
total hydrocarbons: 10 mg/l;
- chemical oxygen demand (COD): 300 mg/l if the maximum daily flow authorized by the prefectoral order does not exceed 100 kg/day, 125 mg/l beyond;
― five-day biochemical oxygen demand (DBO5): 100 mg/l if the maximum daily flow authorized by the prefectural stop does not exceed 30 kg/day, 30 mg/l beyond;
(MS): 100 mg/l if the maximum daily flow authorized by the order does not exceed 15 kg/day, 35 mg/l beyond.
The reference standards for the analysis of releases are those set out in the above-mentioned Ministerial Order of July 7, 2009.
The fixed authorization order if there are limit values for other parameters. If among these parameters are priority hazardous substances referred to in the above-mentioned July 8, 2010, the operator shall present the measures taken to comply with the provisions.
Based on the impact assessment, the authorization order sets the maximum daily discharge rate (excluding uncontaminated rainwater) the limit values of the pollutant mass flow referred to in the preceding paragraph.
When the authorized maximum daily flow exceeds 10% of the interannual average flow rate of the watercourse within the meaning of Article L. 214-18 of the environmental code or if it is greater than 100 cubic metres, the authorization stop also fixes an instantaneous limit value, expressed in cubic metres per hour and a limit to the monthly average daily flow rate.
54-3. Rainwater networks that may collect flammable liquids in the event of a disaster have a sectioning organ located before the release point in the natural environment.
Liquid effluent discharge devices are designed to:
- to minimize the disturbance to the receiving environment, at the edge of the discharge point, depending on the use of the water in the immediate vicinity and on the swallow of it;
― allow good effluent diffusion in the receiving environment.
Upon release of the treatment facility and before release to the natural environment of liquid effluents, the operator provides a sampling point and points for temperature measurement and concentration by polluting. These points are designed so as to be easily accessible and to allow safe interventions.
54-4. The design and performance of liquid effluent treatment or pre-treatment facilities ensure compliance with the limit values set out in point 54-2 of this Order.
Treatment or pre-treatment facilities are maintained, operated and monitored to minimize unavailability or to cope with changes in the characteristics of raw effluents (including flow, temperature and composition).
In particular, decanters and disbursers, if they exist, are controlled at least once a semester and are drained (overage and mud elements) and cured at least once a year. The correct operation of the shutter is also verified once a year.
If a non-availability or dysfunction of treatment facilities is likely to lead to overtaking of the limit values imposed in this section, the operator shall make the necessary arrangements to reduce any pollution emitted by limiting or stopping if the release is required.
54-5. Locations other than retentions (e.g. pumping stations, manifolds, sample outlets or distribution stations), where an accidental flow of flammable liquid can occur, includes a watertight soil to channel leaks and sewers to specific retentions. This provision is not applicable to facilities dedicated to non-hazardous flammable liquids for the environment.
54-6. The operator is implementing a release monitoring program. The modalities of this monitoring (e.g. frequency of measurements, parameters followed and standards used) are kept at the disposal of the inspection of classified facilities. With the exception of facilities whose releases are solely related to point operations (e.g. washing operations), this monitoring incorporates a minimum of a quarterly measure of all pollutants and parameters referred to in point 54-2 of this Order.
If the daily average flow or, in the case of one-time discharges, the maximum daily flow of DCO is greater than 300 kilograms or if the daily average flow or, in the case of one-time discharges, the maximum daily flow of total hydrocarbons is greater than 10 kilograms, a daily measure or a measure during each one-time discharge episode is carried out in the discharges from a representative sample on the basis of
The results of the actions of this program are forwarded to the inspection of facilities classified at a frequency defined with it and, where appropriate, accompanied by comments on the causes of any overtakings identified as well as on corrective actions implemented or envisaged.
At least once a year, the measures are taken by a registered body selected from the list set out in Article 11 of the above-mentioned Ministerial Order of November 29, 2006.
In the case of a release to the natural environment, if the average daily flow or, in the case of one-time discharges, the maximum daily flow of DCO is greater than 5 tonnes, or if the average daily flow of the water or, in the case of one-time discharges, the maximum daily flow of total hydrocarbons is greater than 20 kilograms, the operator shall make samplings downstream of the mixing area
When the exceedance of the above thresholds results mainly from the flow taken in the natural environment, the authorization order or the supplementary order may set a lower frequency.
When the environment justifies it, the prefect may request the completion of the above-mentioned sampling and analysis for lower flows.
Sites with a total real capacity of flammable liquids (excluding heavy fuel) greater than or equal to 1,500 cubic metres are equipped with at least one control well (piézometer) upstream and two control wells downstream of the site relative to the flow direction of the table.
The exact number of control wells and their location are defined following the findings of a study on the hydrogeological context of the site and the risks of soil pollution.
The piezometric level and water quality are analyzed semi-annually. The collected water is the subject of measurements of substances fixed by prefectural order in order to characterize a possible pollution of the table with regard to the current activity of the site.
The results of the monitoring are transmitted to the inspection of facilities classified at an annual frequency and are accompanied by a commentary on corrective actions taken or planned in the event of need.
Water quality is also verified at least twice during the seven days following each significant loss of containment affecting a non-watertight area. In the event of pollution, inspection of classified facilities is immediately notified.
The provisions of this article shall apply to existing facilities within two years of the date of issuance of this Order.
The operator shall make the necessary arrangements in the design, development, and operation of its facilities to ensure the proper management of the waste of its business and to limit its production.
The operator shall segregate waste (dangerous or non-dangerous) within the facility to facilitate their processing or disposal in specific industries. In particular, special industrial waste is stored separately from other waste categories.
Wastes and residues produced, stored in the facility, prior to their treatment or disposal, must be produced in conditions that do not pose a risk of pollution (prevention of rainwater leaching, surface and groundwater pollution, fly and odours) for surrounding populations and the environment.
The operator eliminates or disposes of waste produced under conditions that ensure the interests referred to in section L. 511-1 of the Environmental Code. It ensures that the facilities used for this disposal are regularly authorized for this purpose.
The storage of sludge prior to treatment or disposal is limited in such a way that it does not pose any risks of pollution or any hazards or disadvantages as defined in Article L. 511-1 of the Environmental Code.
The records for the monitoring of drains and curages of the disbursing separators referred to in point 54-4 of this Order, as well as the records for the treatment of wastes resulting from such clean-ups that have been destroyed or retired, shall be made available for inspection of classified facilities.
The operator maintains a regular and accurate accounting of the waste generated by its establishment.
The use of acoustic communication devices (e.g., sirens, tellers, loudspeakers) is prohibited for the neighbourhood, unless their use is exceptional and reserved for the prevention and reporting of serious incidents or accidents or if their use is prescribed under another regulation.
The operator shall make the necessary arrangements to ensure that all facilities are not at the origin of odorous gases, which may inconvenience the neighbourhood, harm public health or safety.
64-1. The provisions of this Order replace, on their effective dates, the provisions of the following Ministerial Orders, which are repealed:
– Order of September 4, 1967 on the rules for the development and operation of crude oil processing plants, its derivatives and residues;
– Order of November 9, 1972 establishing the rules for the development and operation of liquid hydrocarbon deposits;
– Decree of 12 September 1973 on the rules for the development and operation of crude oil processing plants, its derivatives and residues;
- Order of November 19, 1975 on the rules for the development and operation of hydrocarbon deposits of special oil import authorization holders;
– Order of September 4, 1986 on the reduction of air emissions from storage activities.
64-2. It is inserted after the fifteenth paragraph of Article 1 of the above-mentioned Decree of 2 February 1998:
"The items a to e of section 27.7 of this Order do not apply to licensed facilities under section 1432 of the classification facility name. »
64-3. Item 17 of section 30 of the above-mentioned order of 2 February 1998 is repealed.
The Director General of Risk Prevention is responsible for the execution of this Order, which will be published in the Official Journal of the French Republic.
A N N E X E 1
CUMUL SURFACE FORMULE RESERVOIR À TOIT FIXE ET D'UN BOOK À ÉCRAN FLOTTANT
Cumulative surface Seeds of a fixed-roof tank and a floating-screen tank are calculated as follows:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
rair: density of air (= 1.3 kg/m3).
Cd: vent aeral coefficient (between 0.6 and 1).
Dp: overpressure to be evacuated in pascals.
Ufb: vaporization rate in normal cubic meters per hour of air, calculated as follows:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
Aw: dress surface in contact with the flammable liquid contained in the tank, in square meters (with a ceiling height at 9 meters).
Hv: spray heat in joules per gram.
M: average molar mass of the gas phase evacuated in grams per mole.
Ri: reduction coefficient to take into account thermal insulation; this factor is taken equal to 1 corresponding to the absence of any insulation.
T: boiling temperature of flammable liquid in Kelvin.
A N N E X E 2
EVALUATION OF VOC EMISSIONS
RESERVOIR SELON LA MÉTHODE SIMPLIFIÉE
1. Scope of application of the simplified method:
The method set out in this annex is applicable to all fixed-roof tanks and floating-roof-mounted-roof tanks, with the exception of:
- calorifugé tanks;
- tanks maintained at constant temperature;
- tanks equipped with valves to limit emissions by breathing;
- tanks with annual product rotation rates greater than 36;
- tanks with an average height of liquid less than 40% of the height of the cylindrical part of the tank;
- tanks containing liquids whose saturating vapour pressure at 20 °C is less than 1.5 kilopascal;
- external floating roof tanks with two or more guiding bars;
― internal floating roof tanks with a roof leg and roof column number 30% higher than the value recommended by the EPA method.
For all of the above-mentioned cases, the operator uses the emission assessment method in Annex 3 or 4 following the configuration of the tank concerned.
2. Evaluation of total emissions:
The annual total emissions of a tank are calculated with the following formula:
ET = ER + EM
ET: total emissions in tonnes per year.
ER: emissions per breath in tons per year.
EM: emissions generated by product movements in tonnes per year.
3. Fixed roof tank:
Breathing emission (t/year): E11 = K1 × D1,73 × H0,51 × C
K1 = 7.10-7 × Pv × Mmol with:
Pv: saturating vapour pressure of mbar flammable liquid (take at 20 °C by default).
Mmol: molar mass of the gas phase (1) emitted in grams per mole.
D: container diameter in meters.
H: tank height in metres.
C: color coefficient in accordance with the table below:
| Bright aluminium | 1.1 |
| Medium aluminium | 1.2 |
| Aluminium mat | 1.4 |
| Polished metal | 0.8 |
| Bright white | 0.8 |
| White matte (reference) | 1.0 |
| Light brown | 1.4 |
| Cream | 1.1 |
| Used cream | 1.2 |
| Clear | 1.4 |
| Average | 1.5 |
| Average grease | 1.6 |
| Dark grey | 1.7 |
| Black | 1.8 |
| Primary | 1.7 |
| Dark green | 1.7 |
Q: product volume transferred annually to cubic metres and generating a level variation in the tank.
Emission of fixed roof tank (t/year): E1 = E11 + E12
4. Floating roof tank:
Direct evaporation (t/year):
E21 = K3 × (J1 + J2 × Vn) × D
K3 = 1.1.10-6 × Pv × Mmol (except for crude oil: K3 = 0.007) with:
Pv: saturating vapour pressure of mbar flammable liquid (take at 20 °C by default).
Mmol: molar mass of the gas phase (1) emitted in grams per mole.
D: container diameter in meters.
V: annual average wind speed on the site considered in kilometres per hour.
J1 and J2: coefficients of the floating roof joint.
n: wind coefficient associated with the nature of the joint.
These last two coefficients are selected in accordance with the table below for the types of joints schematized in item 6 of B of this annex.
| PM | 3.22 | 0.10 | 1.91 |
| PM/PS | 1.24 | 0.10 | 1.55 |
| PM/JS | 0.77 | 0.15 | 1,19 |
| JL | 1.24 | 0.15 | 1.37 |
| JL/EP | 0.82 | 0.15 | 1.23 |
| JL/JS | 0.63 | 0.10 | 1.20 |
| JG | 3.65 | 0.03 | 2.87 |
| J/EP | 2,04 | 0.01 | 3.02 |
| JG/JS | 1.36 | 0.001 | 3.65 |
E22 = K4 × Q × M/D
K4 = 5.10-3 except for crude oil where K4 = 2.5.10-2
Q: product volume transferred annually to cubic metres and generating a level variation in the tank.
M: coefficient of anchorage of the wall state, according to the following values:
M = 0.0015 for new or slightly oxidized walls.
M = 0.0075 for very oxidized walls.
M = 0.15 for rough walls.
D: container diameter in meters.
Emission of the floating roof tank (t/year): E1 = E21 + E22
5. Internal floating screen tank:
Direct evaporation (t/year):
E31 = K5 × [(S + P).D2 + (F + A).D + B]
K5 = 1.8.10-7 × Pv × Mmol (except for crude oil: K5 = 0.0013) with:
Pv: saturating vapour pressure of mbar flammable liquid (take at 20 °C by default).
Mmol: molar mass of the gas phase (1) emitted in grams per mole.
D: container diameter in meters.
F: joint coefficient of the floating screen, in accordance with the following values, for the types of joints schematized in point 6 of B of this annex:
| PM | 14.9 |
| PM/PS | 4.0 |
| PM/JS | 1.5 |
| JL | 4.1 |
| JL/EP | 1.8 |
| JL/JS | 0.8 |
| JG | 17.1 |
| J/EP | 8.5 |
| JG/JS | 5.6 |
| Sowed/coated | With | 0.45 | 0 |
| Other | With | 0.45 | 0.56 |
| Sold | Without | 0.12 | 0 |
| Sowed/coated | Without | 0.12 | 0.56 |
E32 = K6 × Q × M/D
K6 = 7.5.10-3 except for crude oil where K6 = 3.75.10-2
Q: product volume transferred annually to cubic metres and generating a level variation in the tank.
M: coefficient of anchorage of the wall state, according to the following values:
M = 0.0015 for new or slightly oxidized walls.
M = 0.0075 for very oxidized walls.
M = 0.15 for rough walls.
D: container diameter in meters.
Emission of the internal floating screen tank (t/year):
E1 = E21 + E22
6. Setting of the various types of joints mentioned:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
A N N E X E 3
EVALUATION OF VOC EMISSIONS
RESERVOIR À TOIT FIXE SELON LA MÉTHODE EPA
A. ― Area of application of the method:
The method in this annex is applicable only to fixed-roof tanks whose internal pressure is close to atmospheric pressure. It also has a specific purpose to be applied for fixed-roof tanks whose configuration does not allow the application of the simplified method given in Annex 2 to this Order.
B. ∙ Evaluation of total emissions per year:
The annual total emissions of a tank are calculated with the following formula:
ET = ER + EM
ET: total emissions in tonnes per year.
ER: emissions per breath in tons per year.
EM: emissions generated by product movements in tonnes per year.
C. ∙ Evaluation of annual breathing emissions:
ER = 365.Vv.Dv.KE.KS
ER: emissions per breath in kilograms per year.
Vv: volume of free space above the liquid in cubic meters (see part 1 of this annex for memory).
Dv: density of air solvent vapour of free volume in kilograms per cubic metre (see part 2 of this annex).
KE: expansion coefficient of the vapour phase (see part 3 of this annex).
KS: saturation factor of the vapour phase (see part 4 of this annex).
1. Determination of Vv (for memory):
Vv = p.R2c .hv
Vv: volume of free space above the liquid in cubic meters.
Rc: tank radius in metres.
hv: equivalent height of the vapour phase in metres (height of a cylinder whose radius is equal to that of the space filled with vapours including the volume of the cone or dome overcoming the cylindrical part of the tank).
hv = hc ― hL + hE
hc: height of the cylindrical part of the tank in meters.
hL: average height of the liquid in meters.
hE: equivalent height of the tank roof in metres.
For a conical roof, the hE height is determined by the following equations:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
With: hT0 = PT0.RC
hT0: height of the conical part of the tank in meters.
Rc: radius of the cylindrical part of the tank in meters.
PT0: slope of the conical part of the roof (report of distances without unit). If this slope is unknown, the default is 0.0625.
For a dome-shaped roof, the hE height is calculated according to the following equation:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
hT0: dome height in meters.
RC: tank radius in metres.
RD: dome radius in meters.
2. Determination of Dv:
Assuming that the steam is acting like a perfect gas:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
Dv: density of air solvent vapour of free volume in grams per cubic metre.
MV: molar mass of steam in grams per mole.
PVA: saturating vapour pressure on the surface of the liquid at the average daily temperature in pascals.
R = 8.314 J/(mol.K).
TLS: average daily temperature on the surface of the liquid in Kelvin.
The mean molar mass Mv is that of the substance contained in the tank (pure body) or determined from the composition of the liquid phase if it is a mixture. In the latter case, Mv is calculated with the following formula:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
Mi: molar mass of compound i in grams per mole.
Yi: molar fraction of compound i in the vapour phase.
pi: partial vapour pressure of component i or saturating vapour pressure of component i multiplied by the molar fraction in the liquid, in kilopascals.
PVA: total saturating vapour pressure of the liquid stored in kilopascals, sum of saturating vapour pressures of all PVA components = Spi
The saturating vapour pressure on the surface of the liquid at the average daily temperature of the liquid can be calculated by means of the Antoine Act:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
Pi: saturating vapour pressure on the surface of the liquid at the average daily temperature (Antoine constants are in line with the chosen pressure unit).
TLS: average daily temperature on the surface of the liquid in degrees Celsius.
Ai, Bi, Ci: Antoine constants of the compound i.Bi and Ci are expressed in degrees Celsius.
The average temperature TlS is calculated by the following equation:
TLS = 0.44.TAM + 0.56.TLM + 0.00387.a.I
TLS: average daily temperature on the surface of the liquid in Kelvin.
TAM: average ambient temperature in Kelvin.
TLM: liquid temperature in Kelvin.
a: solar absorbance of the tank coating in accordance with the following values:
| Bright aluminium | 0.39 | 0.49 |
| Aluminium mat | 0.60 | 0.68 |
| Polished metal | 0.10 | 0.15 |
| White | 0.17 | 0.34 |
| Brun | 0.43 | 0.55 |
| Cream | 0.35 | 0.49 |
| Clear | 0.54 | 0.63 |
| Average | 0.68 | 0.74 |
| Marron | 0.58 | 0.67 |
| Black | 0.97 | 0.97 |
| Primary | 0.89 | 0.91 |
| Rouille | 0.43 | 0.55 |
| Dark green | 0.89 | 0.91 |
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
TAM: average daily ambient temperature in Kelvin.
TAmax: maximum daily ambient temperature in Kelvin.
TAmin: minimum daily ambient temperature in Kelvin.
The mass temperature of the TLM liquid is calculated by the following formula:
TLM = TAM + 3.33.a ― 0.55
TAM: average daily ambient temperature in Kelvin.
TLM: liquid temperature in Kelvin's mass.
a: solar absorbance of the tank coating.
3. Determination of KE:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
KE: expansion coefficient of the vapour phase ( 0).
TLS: average daily temperature on the surface of the liquid in Kelvin.
PA: Paschal atmospheric pressure.
PVA: saturating vapour pressure on the surface of the liquid at the average daily temperature in pascals.
DTv = 0.72.DTA + 0.0137.a.l
DTv: daily steam amplitude in Kelvin.
DTA: Ambient daily thermal amplitude in Kelvin.
a: solar absorbance of the tank coating (see table in point 2).
I: Daily insolation factor in joules per square centimetre per day.
DTA is estimated as follows:
DTA = TAmax ― TAmin
DTA: Ambient daily thermal amplitude in Kelvin.
TAMAX: maximum daily ambient temperature in Kelvin.
TAMIN: minimum daily ambient temperature in Kelvin.
DPV = Pvmax ― Pvmin
DPV: Daily amplitude of kilopascal pressure.
Pvmax: saturating vapour pressure at the maximum temperature of the surface of the pascal liquid (determined with the equation of Antoine at TLSmax).
Pvmin: saturating vapour pressure at the minimum temperature of the surface of the pascal liquid (determined with the equation of Antoine at TLSmin).
PS is calculated by the formula:
DPS = PSmax + PSmin
DPS: amplitude of tagging of the valve to the atmosphere in pascals.
PSmax: absolute value of the siding pressure of the valve (emission) in pascals.
PSmin: absolute value of the inlet valve stain pressure.
Note. – If the values of the tagging pressure are not available, the default value of 200 pascals is retained for PSmin and PSmax.
If the air conditioning valve's tagging pressures are greater than 7,000 pascals, the breathing losses are neglected.
If the value for KE is negative, the valve setting is considered to be high enough to prevent breathing losses. In this case, KE is equal to 0.
4. Determination of KS:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
KS: saturation factor of the vapour phase.
PVA: saturating vapour pressure on the surface of the liquid at the average daily temperature in kilopascals.
hv: equivalent height of the vapour phase in meters.
D. ∙ Evaluation of annual emissions generated by product movements:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
EM: annual losses in kilograms per year.
TAM: average annual temperature in Kelvin.
Mv: average molar mass of vapour in kilograms per mole.
PVA: saturating vapour pressure at the average daily temperature of the surface of the pascal liquid.
Q: product volume transferred annually to cubic metres and generating a level variation in the tank.
KN: saturation factor:
KN = 1 for an annual number less than or equal to 36;
KN = (180 + N)/6.N for an annual rotation greater than 36.
KP: factor related to the stored product:
KP = 0.75 for crude oil.
KP = 1 for other flammable liquids.
A N N E X E 4
EVALUATION OF VOC EMISSIONS
RESERVOIR À TOIT FLOTTANT SELON LA MÉTHODE EPA
A. ― Area of application of the method:
The method presented in this annex is intended to be applied for floating roof tanks whose configuration does not permit the application of the simplified method given in Annex 2 to this Order and:
- containing non-boiling liquids and saturating vapour pressure between 0.7 and 101.3 kilopascals (or below atmospheric pressure on the site);
- for an average wind speed of less than or equal to 6.7 metres per second in the case of external floating roof tanks (wind speed does not affect other types of floating roof tanks);
- diameter greater than 6 metres.
It does not apply in cases where:
liquids are boiling or unstable;
– for petroleum products, saturating vapour pressure is not known;
– the tanks have deteriorated joints or become significantly permeable to the stored liquid;
― internal floating roof tanks do not breathe freely to the atmosphere (suppes, inerts or other equivalent configurations).
B. ∙ Evaluation of total emissions per year:
The annual total emissions of a tank are calculated with the following formula:
ET = EP + EM
ET: total emissions in tonnes per year.
EP: permeability emissions per ton per year.
EM: emissions generated by product movements in tonnes per year.
C. ∙ Permeability emissions:
These emissions are expressed as follows:
EP = [(FR) + (FF) + (FD)].P.Mv.Kc
EP: annual permeability in kilograms per year.
FR: peripheral seal loss factor per year.
FF: total loss factor to accessories seals in kilograms per year.
FD: total loss factor permeability of the screen (only for internal floating roofs equipped with bolted screens) in kilograms-mole per year.
P*: saturating vapour pressure function.
Mv: average molar mass of vapour in grams per mole.
KC: factor related to the stored product, KC = 0.4 for crude oil, KC = 1 for other flammable liquids.
1. Determination of FR:
FR = (KRA + KRB.Vn).D
FR: peripheral seal loss factor per year.
KRA: coefficient of loss at peripheral joint at zero wind speed in kilograms-mole per year (see table 1 below).
KRB: loss coefficient at peripheral joint depending on wind speed in kg-mole/(m/s)n-m-an (see table 1 below).
V: average wind speed at site level in meters per second.
n: exhibiting wind speed related to the peripheral seal type (see table 1 below).
D: container diameter in meters.
Note. • If the wind speed at the site level is not available, the wind speed of the nearest weather station is used.
For internal floating roof and external floating roof tanks equipped with a dome, wind speed is considered zero (FR = KRA.D).
2. Determination of FF:
FF = [(NF1.KF1) + (NF2.KF2) +...+ (NFn.KFn)]
FF: total loss factor to accessories seals in kilograms per year.
NFi: number of accessories of a given type (i = 0, 1, 2, ..., n).
KFi: loss coefficient to accessories for a type of accessory given in kilograms-mole per year.
n: total number of different types of accessories.
For a given type of accessories, KFi is determined using the following equation:
KFi = KFAi + KFBi.(Kv.V)mi
KFi: loss coefficient to accessories for a type of accessory given in kilograms-mole per year.
KFAi: loss coefficient to accessories for a type of accessories given at zero wind speed in kilograms-mole per year (see table 2 below).
KFBi: loss coefficient to accessories for a type of accessories given depending on wind speed in kg-mole/(m/s)m-an (see table 2 below).
Kv: a corrective factor in wind speed.
V: average wind speed at site level in meters per second.
mid: exhibiting wind speed associated with a given type of accessory (see table 2 below).
Note. – For external floating roof tanks, Kv is 0.7.
For internal floating roof and external floating roof tanks equipped with a dome, wind speed is considered zero (KFi = KFAi).
When the number of accessories is not known, a number is proposed for each type of accessories in Table 2 below.
3. Determination of FD:
FD = KD.SD.D2
FD: total loss factor permeability of screen connections in kilograms-mole per year.
KD: permeability coefficient of the screen connections per unit of connection length in kilograms-mole per meter-year, KD = 0.5.
SD: length factor of screen fittings in meters per square metre with:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
Clamp: total length of screen connections in metres.
Screen: screen surface in square meters.
Note. ― The permeability loss of screen fittings of external floating roof tanks and internal floating roof tanks equipped with a welded or glued screen is zero.
When the total length of the screen connectors is not known, a default SD value of 0.65 m/m2 is retained.
4. Determination of P*:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
P*: saturating vapour pressure function.
PVA: saturating vapour pressure at the average daily temperature of the liquid surface in kilopascals.
PA: average atmospheric pressure on site in kilopascals.
To calculate PVA, the average daily temperature on the surface of the liquid is determined in the same way as for fixed roof tanks.
D. ∙ Emissions by movement:
The motion-based emissions are based on the formula:
You can consult the table in the
JOn° 265 of 16/11/2010 text number 21
EM: emissions per movement in kilograms per year.
Q: product volume transferred annually and generating a level variation in the tank in cubic metres.
C: a meter coefficient of waterworthiness per square meter (see table 3 below).
DL: average liquid density in kilograms per cubic metre.
D: container diameter in meters.
Nc: number of roof columns in the tank (see table 7 below).
Fc: diameter of roof columns in metres.
Done in Paris, October 3, 2010.
For the Minister and by delegation:
Director General
risk prevention,
L. Michel
