Key Benefits:
Minister of State, Minister of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Land Management,
Considering the environmental code, including its book V;
Vu le Decree No. 92-647 of 8 July 1992, amended on 3 October 2003, concerning the suitability for use of construction products;
Considering the decision of 21 November 2002 concerning the classification of materials according to their reaction to fire;
Considering the 14 February 2003 decision on the performance of roofs and roof coverings exposed to an outdoor fire;
Considering the decision of 22 March 2004 on the determination of the degree of fire resistance of construction materials;
In view of the decision of 29 September 2005 on the assessment and consideration of the probability of occurrence, kinetics, effects intensity and severity of the consequences of potential accidents in the hazard studies of licensed facilities;
In light of the opinion of the Higher Council of facilities classified on 23 September 2008,
Stop it!
General
Is considered to be subject to the application of this Order any storage:
- referred to in section 1530 of the nomenclature of classified facilities; and
- consisting of one or more paper, cardboard or fibre-concentration paper islets greater than 70% in which each islet is separated by less than 30 metres from another islet; and
for which the total volume of the islets described above is greater than 20,000 cubic metres.
All provisions of this Order shall apply in full to storages (named "new deposits" in this Order) which are subject to an application for authorization made after a period of six months after the date of publication of this Order and to extensions or amendments to existing regularly authorized deposits that are subject to a noticeable change requiring the filing of a new application for authorization pursuant to section 33
For other facilities that are regularly authorized and whose filing of an application for authorization is prior to the date of issuance of this order increased by six months (named "existing deposits" or "existing facilities"), and without prejudice to the provisions already applicable:
- the provisions of Articles 3, 5.1, 5.6 and 13, as well as Articles 17 to 22 are applicable within six months of the date of publication of the order;
- the provisions of articles 4, 5.2, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15 and 16 shall apply to existing facilities as described in these articles;
— the provisions of sections 5.3 to 5.5, on the one hand, and sections 6 to 9, on the other, are not applicable to existing facilities.
For the purpose of this Order, the following means:
Storage: set of one or more storage islets in which each islet is separated by less than 30 meters from another islet;
Covered storage: is considered as covered storage under this Order and subject to the requirements of Articles 6 to 12, any storage sheltered by a construction with fire resistance properties at least REI 15, with a roof and closed on at least 70% of its perimeter;
Cell: part of a covered compartmentalized storage, subject to the provisions of Articles 6 to 12;
Reaction and fire resistance of construction elements, class and roof index, ignited drops: these definitions are those contained in the decrees of 21 November 2002, 22 March 2004 and 14 February 2003 referred to above, in substitution of the standards of the decrees of 10 September 1970 relating to the classification of fuel cover relative to the danger of fire resulting from outside fire, and of 30 June 1983 amended and of 3 August 1999 taken. equivalences are, however, recalled in the articles concerned;
Protective strip: strips on the roof placed on the watertight coatings along the separative walls between cells, intended to prevent the spread of a sinister from one cell to another by the roof.
The operator maintains a state of the quantities stored. This state also indicates the location and nature of the products stored.
These documents are kept continuously, easily accessible, at the disposal of fire and rescue services and inspection of classified facilities.
Implantation-Accessibility
The stored products are installed so that:
- the area of grave danger to human life within the meaning of the ministerial order of September 29, 2005 referred to in the event of a storage fire does not extend to any residential construction, or building inhabited or occupied by third parties or to any area intended for housing (excluding related storage facilities), or to any road other than those required for the operation or operation of the industrial storage and establishment
- the area of irreversible effects on human life within the meaning of the ministerial decree of 29 September 2005 referred to in the event of a storage fire does not extend to any high-rise building, no establishment receiving from the public, no railway track open to passenger traffic, no inland waterway or no basin open to the public, except for watersheds and a reserve of fire,
These provisions are not applicable to existing facilities.
In addition, the storage limits for a new repository are located at a minimum distance of 20 metres from the premises.
A distance of less than 20 metres may be allowed, after the operator has submitted sufficient compensatory measures, for new deposits located in an establishment with at least one licensed facility that has been previously issued to the operator's prefect's information.
For existing deposits, a distance of 20 metres from the establishment's enclosure is respected within two years, unless the prefect expressly authorizes, after sufficient countervailing measures are submitted by the operator.
Storage is also located more than 30 metres from all products and facilities within the facility that may produce toxic effects or explosions in the event of a storage fire, unless the operator puts in place equipment that warrants its relevance so that these products and facilities are protected from such dominos effects.
This provision is applicable to existing facilities within two years of the issuance of this Order.
Parking nearby storage, outside the strict operational requirements, of vehicles that may be caused by the spread of a fire in storage or worsening the consequences of a fire occurring there is prohibited. This provision is applicable to existing facilities.
5.1. Accessibility to the site.
The facility has access to the fire and rescue services at all times.
"access to storage" means an opening linking the public track and the interior of the site sufficiently sized to allow the entry of emergency equipment.
Vehicles whose presence is related to the operation of the facility station without causing any discomfort for the accessibility of emergency equipment from external traffic lanes to storage, even outside operating hours and opening of storage.
5.2. Accessibility of equipment near storage.
At least one "machine" track is kept clear for traffic on the storage perimeter and is positioned so that it cannot be obstructed by the collapse of all or part of the storage.
This "machine" track respects the following characteristics:
- the useful width is at least 3 metres, the free height at a minimum of 3.5 metres and the slope below 15%;
- in the inner radius bends below 50 meters, a minimum R internal radius of 11 meters is maintained and an overwidth of S = 15/R meters is added;
– the track is resistant to the load calculated for a vehicle of 160 kN with a maximum of 90 kN per axle, with a maximum distance of 3.6 metres;
― each point of the storage perimeter is at a maximum distance of 60 metres from this track;
– there is no obstacle between storage and the equipment track.
In the event of the impossibility of setting up an equipment lane, allowing traffic on the entire storage perimeter and if all or part of the lane is at a standstill, the last 40 meters of the part of the stale lane are of a minimum useful width of 7 meters and a 10-metre-diameter turning area is expected at its end.
For existing deposits that cannot ensure compliance with these requirements, the operator shall request within one year:
- either the development by the rescue services of a listed settlement plan;
―a notice of fire and rescue services on access to storage for the purpose of extinguishing disaster on the site.
5.3. Displace emergency equipment inside the facility.
To allow the crossing of emergency equipment, any section of "machine" track of more than 100 linear meters has at least two so-called "crossing" areas, judiciously positioned, whose characteristics are:
― minimum useful width of 3 meters in addition to the machine track;
- minimum length of 10 meters,
presenting the same qualities of slope, bearing force and free height as the "machinery" path.
5.4. Setting up scales to support a hydraulic device in case of covered storage.
For any storage in high-rise buildings greater than 15 metres, at least one façade is served by at least one "scale" lane allowing the circulation and stationing of air ladders.
From this path, a ladder accessing at least the entire height of the building can be arranged. The track also meets the following characteristics:
― the useful width is at least 4 meters, the length of the parking area at least 10 meters, the slope at a maximum of 10%;
- in the inner radius bends below 50 meters, a minimum R internal radius of 11 meters is maintained and an overwidth of S = 15/R meters is added;
- no air obstacle hinders the manoeuvre of these scales vertically across the entire track;
- the distance to the façade is 1 meter minimum and 8 meters maximum for parking parallel to the building and less than 1 meter for parking perpendicular to the building;
– the track is resistant to the load calculated for a vehicle of 160 kN with a maximum of 90 kN per axle, with a maximum distance of 3.6 metres and a minimum punching resistance of 80 N/cm2.
5.5. Setting ladders for floor access in case of covered storage.
In addition, for a multi-tiered repository with at least one floor at a height greater than 8 metres above the level of emergency access, on at least two facades, a "scale" path allows access to openings.
This ladder respects the characteristics described in 5.4.
These openings allow at least one access per floor for each of the facades with ladder and have a minimum height of 1.8 metres and a minimum width of 0.9 metres. Obturation panels or frames that make these access open and remain accessible from outside and inside. They are easily identified from outside by emergency services.
5.6. Hydraulic installation from machinery.
From each "machine" or "scale" track is planned:
- for a covered storage, access to all exits of the building by a stabilized path of at least 1.40 meters wide;
– for external storage, a stabilized path of 1.40 metres wide at a minimum allowing access to two different locations to storage in order to achieve it regardless of wind conditions.
Fire behaviour provisions
(arts. 6-12)
In general, the constructive provisions aim to ensure that the ruin of an element (for example, murs, roofing, poles, beams) during a disaster does not result in the chain ruin of the structure of the building, including surrounding storage cells, or their overlapping devices, and does not promote the collapse of the structure to the outside of the first burning cell. The operator shall be at the disposal of the inspection of classified facilities the evidence of compliance with this requirement.
The deposit verifies the following minimum constructive conditions:
– the outer walls are constructed of A2 s1 d0 materials (respectively M0 when the materials have not yet been classified under the euroclasses);
― the entire structure has REI 30 resistance characteristics with the exception of palettiers with a height greater than 8 metres;
- for roofing, its supporting elements are made of A2 s1 d0 materials (respectively M0) and the thermal insulation (if available) is made of A2 s1 d0 materials (respectively M0). The whole roof (support elements, insulation and sealing) satisfied the class and the Broof(t3) index;
― materials used for natural lighting do not produce ignited drop during a fire.
Storage cells are divided into defum cantons with a maximum area of 1,600 square metres and a maximum length of 60 metres. The cantons are partially delimited by cantonment screens, made of A2 s1 d0 materials (respectively M0) (including their fixations) and stable at the level fire a quarter of an hour (class R 15), or by the structure and structure of the building. These screens are also at a minimum height of one meter.
The cantons of de-fumage include in part high smoke evacuation devices, combustion gases, heat and imbued products.
Automatic and manual control outlets are part of smoke evacuation devices. The useful surface of all of these outlets is not less than 2% of the area of each defrosting canton.
There must be at least four excutories per 1,000 square meters of roof area. The useful surface of an outlet is not less than 0.5 square metres or greater than 6 square metres. Evacuation devices are not located on the roof less than 7 metres from the firewalls separating storage cells.
The manual control of the outlets is at least installed in two opposite points of the repository so that the operation of a command prevents the inverse manoeuvre by the other commands. These manual controls are easily accessible from the building or from each storage cell.
Fresh air intakes of an area equal to the surface of the most large canton, cell per cell, are carried out either by openings on the façade or by mouths connected to ducts or by the doors of the cells to be deactivated giving on the outside.
The de-enfumeration system thus set up is judiciously configured so as not to interfere with the operation of automatic detection and suppression devices possibly in place in the repository.
The repository is compartmentalized in storage cells to limit the quantity of fire fuels during a fire.
This compartment prevents the spread of a fire from one storage cell to another.
To achieve this goal, cells comply with the following:
– walls that separate storage cells and floors are of REI 120 quality;
- the drilling or openings carried out in the separative walls or walls, for example for the passage of sheaths or technical galleries, are refilled in order to ensure a fire-cutting degree equivalent to that required for these separative walls or walls;
– the connecting doors between the cells are of EI 120 quality and equipped with an automatic closing device that can be ordered from and from the separation wall of the cells. The automatic closure of firewall doors is not hindered by obstacles;
– the separative walls exceed at least 1 metre the cover to the right of the crossing. The roof is covered with an incombustible protective strip on a minimum width of 5 meters on both sides of the separative walls;
– if the exterior walls do not have a REI 60 degree, the separative walls of these cells are extended along the exterior walls over a width of 1 meter or beyond the exterior walls over a length of 0.50 meter of the façade in the continuity of the wall.
Ventilation ducts are equipped with fire-fighting valves to separate the cells, returning the fire-fighting degree of the passage wall.
The size of the storage cell surfaces is limited so as to reduce the quantity of combustible materials on fire.
With the exception of spool paper storage (other than hygiene paper) and ball pulp storage, for which cell sizes are not limited, cells have a maximum surface of:
― 2,500 square meters for storage of recovered paper;
― 6,000 square meters for other types of paper, including sanitary paper coils.
After favourable advice from the Higher Council of classified facilities, the prefect may authorize the operation of the storage for upper cell sizes, in the presence of an automatic fire suppression system, subject to an operator's justification for the safety level, including a specific fire engineering study.
Automatic fire detection with operator alarm transmission is mandatory.
For the lightest papers:
― grammar paper less than 48 g/m2 for non-stocked products in coil form;
― gram papers less than or equal to 42 g/m2, including hygiene papers, when stored as a coil,
deposits are equipped with an automatic extinction system.
For other types of paper, the operator defines a fire suppression strategy. If it is not based on an automatic extinguishing system, the after detection extinguishing strategy is subject to a notice of fire and rescue services. This strategy can be based on the intervention of internal and external emergency means or the establishment of a water reserve for example.
The operator ensures compliance with the existing repositories and demonstrates the relevance of the selected dimensioning for these detection or termination devices, prepares maintenance instructions and organizes on a frequency consistent with the recognized repositories of maintenance checks and tests, the reports of which are made available for inspection of classified facilities.
The highest point of storage is located at a distance compatible with the operating requirements of extinction or detection devices. This distance cannot in any case be less than 1 meter.
For existing filings, the first paragraph is applicable within one year. In addition, the operator shall provide the prefect within one year of the issuance of this Order with a technical-economic study evaluating the possibility of complying with the other provisions of this Article.
The operator shall maintain at the disposal of the inspection of classified facilities the elements justifying that its electrical installations are carried out in accordance with existing standards, maintained in good condition and verified.
Near at least one exit is installed a well-reported central switch, allowing to cut the power supply for each cell. Electric current transformers, when accessed or inside the repository, are located in enclosed premises widely ventilated and isolated from the storage by a wall and firewall doors, equipped with a door farm. This wall and doors are REI 120 and EI 120 respectively. The deposit is equipped with a lightning protection facility in accordance with the standards in force.
In the case of artificial lighting, only electric lighting is allowed.
If the lighting implements sodium or mercury vapour lamps, the operator shall make every provision to ensure that, in the event of a bulb break, all elements are confined to the appliance.
Fixed lighting appliances are not located at points likely to be hit during operation, or are protected against shocks.
They are in all circumstances remote from the stored materials to avoid their warming.
The first paragraph of this article shall apply to existing deposits within 6 months. The second paragraph is not applicable to existing deposits. Other paragraphs are applicable within 18 months for existing deposits.
If there is a boiler room, it is located in a space exclusively reserved for this effect, outside storage or isolated by a wall of degree REI 120. Any communication between the local and the storage is carried out either by a sas equipped with two EI 30 door blocks, equipped with a door farm, or by a firewall holder of degree EI 120.
Outside the boiler room are installed:
- a valve on the feed pipe of the burners to stop the flow of the fuel;
– a circuit breaker stopping the operation of the fuel pump;
– a warning sound system, in the event of the malfunction of the burners, or another equivalent efficiency alert system.
The heating of the deposit and its annexes can only be achieved by hot water, steam produced by a thermal generator or other system with an equivalent degree of safety. Gas aerotherm heating systems are not allowed in storage cells.
In the case of indirect pulsated hot air heating produced by a thermal generator, all hot air ducts are entirely made of A2 s1 d0 materials (respectively M0). In particular, metal pipes, when heated, are only filled with A2 s1 d0 materials (respectively M0). Cut-fire valves are installed if the pipes cross a wall between two cells.
The heating capacity of the handling equipment, if available, has the same security assurances as those provided for the premises in which they operate.
The heating capacity of the dock offices, if available, has the same security assurances as those provided for the premises in which they are located.
Only the last two paragraphs of this article apply to existing deposits within 12 months.
Provisions applicable to all storages
A. ― Conditioned products form limited islets as follows:
1. The maximum surface of the islets on the ground is 2,500 square meters, the maximum storage height is 8 meters, the distance between two islets is 10 meters minimum. A distance between two lower islets can be allowed when the deposit is equipped with an automatic extinction system or when both islets are separated by a wall with the EI 120 properties overlooking the highest of the two islets of at least 2 meters;
2. For covered storages, a maximum area of 3,300 square metres islets may nevertheless be allowed, provided that the storage height does not exceed 6 metres and that the distance between two islets is greater than or equal to 15 metres.
A storage height above the above limits may, however, be allowed, subject to:
- the presence of an automatic extinction system;
- that the distance between islets is increased so that the ruin of the structure of a ignited islet does not lead to the inflammation of the neighbouring islets;
―that the ruin of the ignited islet cannot interfere with the intervention of the rescue (roadway, parking area intended for emergency equipment, etc.).
For all covered storages, a minimum distance of 1 metre is maintained between the top of the islets and the base of the roof or ceiling or any heating system for covered storages.
B. - Products stored in palettier form islets with a maximum surface of 6,000 square meters and a maximum height of 8 meters, unless an automatic extinction system is installed.
C. - Different storage conditions may be authorized by the prefect after favourable advice from the Higher Council of classified facilities.
The soil of paper, paperboard and paper pulp storage areas is incombustible (class A1), except for existing facilities.
The soil of areas and premises for the storage or handling of hazardous materials or which may create pollution of water or soil and are necessary for the operation of the storage is waterproof, and equipped so as to be able to collect washwater and diffuse materials accidentally. This provision is applicable to existing facilities within 18 months.
All measures are taken to collect all water and drainage that may be polluted during a disaster, including water used during a fire, so that the water is recovered or treated to prevent pollution of soils, the public water network, waterways or the natural environment. This containment can be achieved by internal or external devices to the storage cells of the deposits covered. Internal devices are prohibited when dangerous substances are stored.
In the event of an external containment device at the covered repository, the channeled material is collected, in a gravitary way or through self-sustaining systems, and then converge to that specific capacity. In the event of the use of autonomous lifting systems, the operator is able to justify at any time a rigorous maintenance and maintenance of these devices. Regular tests are also conducted on these equipment.
In case of internal containment at the covered deposit, the flow holes are in the default closed position. In the event of external containment, the flow holes from these devices are equipped with an automatic shut-off device to ensure this containment when waters that are likely to be polluted are carried. Any means are put in place to avoid the spread of the fire by these flows.
The extinction waters so confined during a fire are analyzed to determine if a treatment is necessary before discharge.
The volume required for this containment is determined, particularly in view of the study of hazards, depending on the speed of intervention and the means of intervention as well as the nature of the stored materials, the absorption capacity, and mentioned in the prefectural order.
In addition, for outdoor storage, runoff water (e.g. meteorological or human water) is returned to the water treatment station, when the facility has one. The prefect may authorize different provisions in case of demonstration by the operator of technical impossibility to meet this obligation. In the absence of a final treatment station prior to release to the natural environment, the operator puts in place a mechanical cleaning of treatment water on the basis of de-icing.
This section is not applicable immediately to existing facilities. The operator shall give the prefect, within twelve months of the issuance of this Order, a technical-economic study on how to achieve the objectives set out in this Article. The prefectural order can then provide for a progressive approach to the realization of the work, if the study has highlighted techniques available at an economically acceptable cost. In the opposite case, a minima of a de-icing of the extinction waters is implemented by the operator.
Storage is equipped with fire-fighting means appropriate to risk and consistent with recognized repositories, including:
- one or more fire appliances (e.g. water, poles) of a public or private network located in such a way that, on the one hand, any point of the storage limit is less than 100 metres from a device and, on the other hand, any point of the storage limit is less than 200 metres from one or more devices to provide a minimum flow of 63 m3/h If not, a water reserve intended for extinction, which the operator has previously justified the dimensioning, is accessible in all circumstances and at a distance from the storage having collected the advice of departmental fire and rescue services. The flow of any fire appliances is mentioned in the prefectoral authorization order;
― extinguishers distributed inside the repository when covered, on the outside areas and in places with specific risks, close to the clearances, well visible and easily accessible. extinction agents are appropriate to the risks to be combated and compatible with stored materials;
― for covered depots that do not have an automatic extinction system, armed fire valves, distributed in the depot according to its dimensions and located near the exits. They are arranged so that a fireplace can be attacked simultaneously by two lances from two different angles. They are usable during gel periods.
Previous provisions are not immediately applicable to existing facilities. The operator shall give the prefect, within twelve months of the issuance of this Order, a technical-economic study on how to achieve the objectives set out in this Article. The prefectural order can then provide for a progressive approach to the realization of the work, if the study has highlighted techniques available at an economically acceptable cost.
For all facilities, the operator is able to justify to the prefect the effective availability of water flows. Possible automatic fire-extinguishing systems, fire extinguishers and armed fire valves are regularly designed, installed and maintained in accordance with the recognized repositories.
Surfaces near storage are maintained clean and regularly cleaned, in particular in order to avoid clusters of dust, paper or combustible materials that would have separated from the lots. Cleaning equipment is suitable for risk.
All precautions are taken to avoid the risk of flying.
Repair or development work leading to an increase in risk (e.g. use of a flame or hot source) can only be carried out after the issuance of a "intervention permit" and possibly a "fire permit" and following a particular instructions.
The "intervention permit" and possibly the "fire permit" and the particular record are established and covered by the operator or by a person appointed by the operator. When the work is carried out by an outside company, the "intervention permit" and possibly the "fire permit" and the specific safety record of the facility are signed by the operator and the outside company or the persons they have appointed.
After the completion of the work and prior to the resumption of the activity in standard storage configuration, a facility verification is carried out by the operator or its representative or representative of the potential external enterprise.
Without prejudice to the provisions of the Labour Code, instructions specifying the terms and conditions for the application of the provisions of this Order shall be established, kept up to date and posted in places frequented by staff.
These instructions include:
― smoking ban;
– the prohibition of any open air burning;
– the prohibition to bring fire in any form near storage;
– the obligation of the "intervention permit" or "fire permit" referred to in the previous article;
- the procedures for stopping the emergency and securing the installation (electricity, ventilation, air conditioning, heating, shut-off of fire doors, sewage outlets, etc.);
- means of extinction to be used in the event of a fire;
- the alert procedure, with the telephone numbers of the facility's response officer, fire and rescue services.
The operator ensures proper maintenance of the fire safety and control equipment installed (e.g., extinguishing systems, fire-cutting doors, dry column) as well as possible electrical and heating facilities. The periodic audits of these equipment are recorded on a register held at the disposal of the inspection of classified facilities.
For storage of more than 100,000 cubic metres, an internal operating plan is established by the operator. This internal operating plan is established in accordance with the provisions of theArticle R. 512-29 of the Environmental Code.
In the quarter following the commencement of operation of any storage, the operator shall organize a fire defence exercise, if any, by implementing the internal operating plan, if any. It is renewed at a frequency that cannot be less than once every three years.
Outside of storage hours, storage monitoring, by guarding or telemonitoring, is being put in place on an ongoing basis, in particular in order to transmit the alert to fire and rescue services and to allow them access.
The Director General of Risk Prevention is responsible for the execution of this Order, which will be published in the Official Journal of the French Republic.
Done in Paris, September 29, 2008.
For the Minister and by delegation:
Director General
risk prevention,
L. Michel
