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In accordance with the decision of the Council of State, the law on the safety of dangerous chemicals and explosives (390/2005) Pursuant to:
This Regulation lays down rules on the safety of dangerous chemicals and explosives (390/2005) (hereinafter ' the Chemical safety law , for the manufacture, handling, storage and disposal of explosives, the storage of the raw material and the storage medium of explosives, as well as the special effects of explosives and dangerous chemicals On the safety requirements for use.
The handling and storage of hazardous chemicals in connection with the manufacture of explosives also applies to the Council Regulation on the safety requirements for the processing and storage of dangerous chemicals (19/06/2012) .
This Regulation does not apply to the manufacture, processing, storage and disposal of explosives in a border guard and police force, in so far as it is provided for in the regulation on explosive substances of the border guards and the police (22/1983) .
For the purposes of this Regulation:
(1) The manufacturing plant The space and area used for the manufacture of explosives, including buildings, equipment and equipment;
(2) Processing plant The space and the area with buildings where explosives are handled by connecting different components or by otherwise working in a place other than the final destination;
(3) In the throes High-kinetic objects or particles with high energy potential, which may also spread to the environment, which may cause fires or cause explosions;
(4) With a shrapnel-dangerous explosive A fragment of fragments which are dangerous to humans, containing more than 0,7 kilograms of explosive and the outer shell of which is fragmentary material;
(5) In the hazard class The division of explosives into six categories of danger according to the risk of an explosion in the event of an accident occurring in the event of an accident occurring in the environment; the determination of the hazard category is carried out on the road The methods defined in the order of the Transport Safety Agency;
(6) Group of compatibility The division of explosives into 13 compatibility groups according to how different types of explosive can be packed or stored with each other; the explosives compatibility groups are defined as traffic in dangerous goods In the order of the Agency.
In addition to the provisions of Article 17 of the Chemical Safety Act, account shall be taken of the location of the plant in relation to other activities:
(1) the impact of any accidents at the plant in the environment;
(2) factors affecting the spread and flow of the accident;
(3) the systems, methods, technical factors and equipment used in the establishment of the establishment to prevent and limit accidents.
The buildings and functions of the production facility shall be placed at a distance from the hazard-causing sites and the possible risks of the explosion, that the likelihood of damage to persons, the environment and property As small as possible.
The investment of the production facility shall take into account the effects of any explosion in the site of the establishment where the explosives in the establishment are involved.
When assessing risks, account must also be taken of the danger posed by dumping and shrapnel.
If the risk assessment indicates that any type of accident other than the risk of an explosion causes greater protection at a higher level of protection, it shall be taken into account in the investment.
The production plant shall be located outside the surrounding areas of construction and other objects, in such a way that no such pressure, heite or shrapnel effects may be caused by the accident referred to in Article 5, That may result in:
(1) the collapse of buildings or structures, fire or damage to installations, stocks or other structures of other establishments, to the extent that the accident may be extended;
2) permanent injuries to humans in the area of buildings or other objects normally capable of being human.
In addition to what is laid down in Article 18 of the Chemical Safety Act, the establishment must be located in relation to the surrounding habitat and recreational areas in such a way that the accident referred to in Article 5 may not occur as a result of the accident May result in:
(1) damage to the conservation objectives of the area; (1096/1996) The protected natural areas, areas falling within the Natura 2000 network or the other relevant areas of conservation of biodiversity;
2) a significant deterioration of the potential for use of recreational land, water courses and other watercourses.
The establishment shall be located in relation to the surrounding construction and other sites so that the accident referred to in Article 5 may not occur as a result of any accident referred to in Article 5:
(1) major disruption of key activities in the main transport, water, waste or energy supply systems, industrial and production facilities or similar communities;
(2) cultural heritage buildings, structures, parks or similar sites, as well as antiquities; (185/1963) Permanent or long-term damage to protected sites.
The protection distance of the warehouse containing the explosive category 1.1 and 1.5 shall be calculated using the calculation formula (l):
L = k x m 1/3 ,
Where L Is the protection distance in meters,
M Is mass of the explosive in kilograms,
K Is the factor that depends on the characteristics of the explosive and the site of protection.
The values of the k-factor used for the calculation are set out in Annex 1.
The protection distances from the hazard class 1.2 and 1.6 in relation to external targets shall be calculated using a formula (2):
L = k x m 1/6 ,
Where L Is the protection distance in meters,
M Is mass of the explosive in kilograms,
K Is the factor that depends on the nature and the protection of the explosive.
The values for the calculation of the k-factor are set out in Annex 1.
The protection distance of a warehouse containing an explosive category 1.3 is 30 % of the distance obtained by using a calculation basis (1) for the explosive category 1.1.
If the storage facility is a ground-covered building, at least 60 % of the distance from the formulae provided for in Articles 9 to 11 shall be at least 60 %. However, in the direction of the store of storage, in the 60 ° sector, the coverage requirement shall be met in full.
The structural requirements of the ground-covered building are laid down in Annex 3, paragraph B.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 9 to 12, the distances from the storage distances from the storage of explosives shall be at least in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1. Minimum storage distances for external destinations, other than trade stocks
| Dangerous category and quantity of explosives (kg) | Subject and minimum distance | ||
| Armable area, single dwelling or other building, factory or place where people are staying | Common, non-limited means of transport, rail, waterway or natural gas pressure-reduction position or other object necessary for the operation of society | ||
| Hazardous category 1.1 and 1.5 | Shrapnel | 300 m | 200 m |
| No risk of fragmentation | 100 m | 100 m | |
| Hazardous category 1.2 and 1.6 | Shrapnel | 300 m | 200 m |
| No risk of fragmentation | 100 m | 100 m | |
| Hazardous category 1.3 | 100 m | 100 m | |
| Hazardous category 1.4 | Between 100 and 1000 kg | 50 m | 50 m |
| Hazard or quantity of more than 1000 kg | 100 m | 100 m | |
| Hazardous to category 1.4S or other hazard class 1.4. | 25 m | 25 m |
Where explosive ordnance is stored in the same storage facility, the sum of the explosives shall be used to determine the degree of protection. The total amount of the explosive shall be considered to belong to the category of danger, from which the sum of the total amount is the maximum protection distance.
The hazard class of explosives category 1.1, 1.2 and 1.5 shall be at least 100 metres away from the high voltage line of 30 kilovolt and the natural gas pipeline.
An explosive storage facility shall be placed in an armed zone only if the distance from the storage facility to its own property line is at least in accordance with Table 1.
Only the warehouse of explosives category 1.4S shall be allowed to invest in a storage facility with other storage operations if the building does not have facilities for other operators. The space should be at least a Category EI-120 fire department.
The protective distances between the plant and the manufacturing and processing facilities of the manufacturing and processing facilities shall be determined in a manner similar to those of the storage facilities in accordance with Articles 9 to 12. The protection distances shall be at least in accordance with Table 2.
Paragraph 1 shall not apply to the transfer of an emulsion device to be carried over.
An installation and processing plant shall be placed in an armed zone only if the institution's distance to its limit is at least as set out in Table 2.
In the case of an explosion of less than 10 kg, the distance shall be estimated on the basis of the calculation of the explosive pressure and the risk posed by possible hells.
Table 2. Minimum distance from the manufacturing and processing plant to an external destination of more than 10 kg explosives
| Amounation of explosives | Subject and minimum distance | ||
| Area of arms, hospital, prison institution, nursing home, kindergarten, school or other similar institution and settlement time | Single housing or other building, factory or place where people are staying, an external operator's large-scale hazardous chemicals production plant | Common, non-limited means of transport, rail, shipping route or low activity of hazardous chemicals by an external operator, a natural gas pressure-reduction station or any other object necessary for the operation of society | |
| Class 1.1, 1.2 or 1.5 explosives 10-100 kg | 300 m | 200 m | 200 m |
| 1.1, 1.2 or 1.5 grade explosives exceeding 100 kg or a dangerous explosive device | 500 m | 300 m | 200 m |
| For grade 1.3 or 1.4 explosives exceeding 10 kg | 200 m | 100 m | 100 m |
The transfer of Emulsion residues, which has not been emptied and refined from raw materials, must be kept outside its use in such a way that it does not present any risk to the territory or to the other activities of the site or of the territory. The uncleaned equipment must be stored at a distance of at least 5 metres from the external destinations, the break room and the office.
The equipment to be transferred, which has not been emptied and refined from raw materials, shall be outside the mode of operation, where external access has been prevented, in which the chemical sides of the equipment can be detected and controlled and where there is no other activity, Which could pose a risk to the equipment.
Explosive residues resulting from the cleaning of equipment shall be stored in accordance with the storage requirements required by the operator's ratings. The authorisation required for storage shall be laid down separately.
The location of equipment, buildings and structures in the site shall take into account the effects of the accidents referred to in Article 5.
The purpose of the design shall be that the accident does not cause:
(1) immediate ignition of unconnected buildings, structures or other materials, or the spread of a fire from a warehouse, manufacturing or processing area, or equivalent to another warehouse, another manufacturing or The processing area or the corresponding object;
(2) the exposure of the staff to thermal radiation or to the effects of pressure or shrapnel, or to the effect of the heatings, to the extent that it prevents the orderly winding-up or rescue of personnel from the site;
(3) the collapse of buildings or structures, or damage to installations, stocks or other structures, to the extent that it may result in an increase in the accident or the absence of a controlled shutdown of the production of the installation.
In the area of the production facility, safety shall be ensured by:
(1) primary explosives are stored and stored in the storage area, separated from the manufacturing and processing premises;
(2) the part of the plant in which the explosives are manufactured, processed or stored shall be manufactured, stored or processed only for substances or products and quantities which are justified in terms of operation and safety;
(3) unconnected sources of ignition are separate from explosives;
(4) incompatible chemicals are separated;
(5) the explosive materials are manufactured and handled in separate compartments;
(6) the production and processing facilities and storage facilities are non-essential to the activity, the material necessary for the operation of which the minimum fire load is as high as possible;
(7) In the event of an accident, critical control equipment and alarm systems are available;
(8) the consequences will be limited by isolating a dangerous site, using protective structures, limiting the number of explosives and workers to a minimum, preventing the accumulation of hazardous substances and the use of remote control;
(9) The aggregation of explosives shall comply with the provisions of the aggregation or sufficient separation in accordance with the transport regulations of dangerous goods as follows:
(a) the explosives may be stored in conjunction with other explosives belonging to the same compatibility group;
(b) the compatibility group S explosives may be stored for all other compatibility groups, with the exception of the explosives of compatibility groups A, K and L;
(c) compatibility groups C, D, and E explosive shall be stored together;
(d) in other cases, the storage of explosives belonging to different compatibility groups shall be permitted if the Safety and Chemicals Agency has approved it in the storage permit decision.
The protective distances from other stocks in the hazard category 1.1, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.6 shall be determined using the calculation formula provided for in Article 9. The value of the k-factor used in the calculation is set out in Annex 2.
The protective distances from other stocks in the hazard class 1.2 explosive storage facility shall be determined by means of a monitoring analysis, taking into account the impact of the shrapnel. The distance shall be at least 70 % of the distance from the hazard class 1.1.
The safety distance from the hazard range of the hazard class 1.4 to the hazard class of the other hazard class shall be at least 10 metres.
If the level of protection is different, the protection distance shall be determined on a case-by-case basis in the context of the permit processing.
If it cannot be demonstrated that the risk of a fire cannot be caused by a fire hazard, it must be at least 50 metres from the rest of the protective range of the explosive remnants.
Where stocks are located in accordance with the minimum distance laid down in Article 19, the protection distance shall be calculated on the basis of the aggregate quantity of explosives and the maximum degree of distance from the hazard classification of the explosives.
The protection distances between buildings, intermediate warehouses and warehouses on the territory of the manufacturing plant and the processing plant shall be determined using the calculation formula provided for in Article 9.
The value of the k-factor used in the calculation depends on the construction and protective structures used. The protection distances are set out in Annex 3.
Alternatively, the protective distance specified by the impact calculations may be used for the placement of the buildings of the plant and the processing plant in the area. In addition, the potential fragmentation effect shall be taken into account in the distances.
Where protection structures are used, they must be so robust that their damage to the pressure or the shrapnel may constitute a manifest danger to human life or to health.
The interpersonal and external protection distances between the manufacturing plant and the processing plant in the area shall be determined, such as storage distances.
The protective distance from the protective distance of the manufacturing plant and the processing plant must be at least 50 metres, unless it can be demonstrated that the fires cannot cause a fire hazard in the protected sites.
The underground explosive storage facility shall be located as far as possible from permanent workstations and in such a way that the explosion in the area does not damage the warehouse.
The fire spreading to explosives must be stopped. There shall be no sources of ignition or material in the vicinity of the warehouse.
Location of the storage facility underground shall be justified and the storage of the storage facility and a specific risk assessment shall be carried out by comparing the different options for the storage and protection of the stock.
The distance between the cranes used as an explosive storage facility must be at least 30 metres and a roof thickness of at least 15 metres.
The explosive storage facility shall not be placed within 100 metres of the tunnel entrance.
The explosives will be stored underground in separate enclosed caverns. The cavern in the form of an explosive device must be locked in such a way that persons not belonging to the explosion are not allowed to enter the space.
The detonators shall be positioned in such a way that transmission to other explosives cannot occur.
The sales of the stores and the stores in the store must be separated as a whole in such a way that, in the event of an accident, they do not make it more difficult to leave the store. The place of sale and storage shall not be placed in front of the exit or shaft or in corridors that are also used by other customers.
In the shop room, explosives must be stored in separate locusts so that the public cannot access them.
There must be no other explosives in the pyrotechnic article.
The cartridges, the cartridges for cartridges, and the powder shall be stored together in the same cabinet.
The locker shall be equipped with a lock-mounted lock, in addition to the service lock, to lock the cabinet after closing.
The door to the storage locker shall permanently affix an explosive warning label and indication of the hazard class of the products in the cupboard.
The capes shall be positioned so that:
(1) they are controllable during use;
(2) the products are not accessible;
(3) the distance of the closets from the heating device shall be at least 1 m;
(4) The distance between closets containing pyrotechnic articles is not less than 3 metres from the cabinets containing the powder;
5) There are no flammable liquids in the vicinity of the lockers or other readily flammable substances.
The provisions of this Article shall not apply to pyrotechnic articles of category F1.
A storage locker in a commercial store shall be deemed to comply with the structural requirements laid down in this Regulation if it complies with standard SFS 4399.
Storage situated in a real estate other than a non-store room shall be constructed as a fire-technical unit with a minimum of:
(1) category EI 120 inert if gunpowder is kept in the storage facility;
(2) category EI 60 non-combustible if the stock protection includes pyrotechnic articles, cartridges or cartridges for cartridges.
Storage guard doors shall be kept locked and locked in addition to the lock on the door, in addition to the lock on the lock.
The cargo hold shall be located so that the premises below are not occupied and the distance to the dwelling or accommodation shall be at least 5 m.
The powder and pyrotechnic articles shall be stored in their own storage locusts if other explosives are stored in the same storage facility.
Explosives shall be so located that their distance from the heating device is equal to or greater than 1 metre.
The storage door shall bear an explosive warning label and indication of the hazard class of the products in space.
In addition to explosives, no other goods shall be stored in the store other than those which are marketed and parts thereof.
The cartridges for the firearms shall be in their sales packages on the shelves in the warehouse.
The container for temporary storage of fireworks in the shop yard shall be so located that the container's distance from the shop where the sale takes place is at least 15 metres. The distance should be extended if the wall next to the container has a large fire load.
The distance shall be reduced up to a maximum of 10 metres if the container side of the shop building is fire-resistant or the entire store is protected by an automatic fire extinguisher. However, the distance of the container shall always be greater than the height of construction.
In addition to the provisions laid down in paragraph 1, the container shall be placed in such a way that its distance:
(1) at least 10 metres from the second storage container;
2) a minimum of 10 m in car parking places;
(3) at least 10 metres from the general road and the railway;
(4) the nearest fuel delivery device is at least 50 m;
5) at least 50 metres from the building, school or sports hall;
6) is at least 100 metres from the nursing home, hospital, daycare or other care facility.
The door openings of the container shall be directed so as to minimise the risk of fireworks in the container fire.
The container shall be accessible as easily as possible from alternative directions and the container must be easily transferable.
The investment of the container shall be taken into account in the motion for a rescue plan.
The location of the container shall also take account of other nearby buildings and their security arrangements, as well as the sites of fire risk.
The only thing you can store in the container is the fireworks.
The design of buildings and structures for the manufacture, processing and storage of explosives shall respect the following principles:
(1) buildings shall be constructed in such a way as to cause as low a risk as possible in the event of an explosion;
2) Access to rescue and control activities shall have unimpeded access to all premises;
(3) minimise the spread of accidents from one state to another;
(4) any explosion does not avoid the working room of the manufacturing or handling building or any other danger to the adjacent state;
(5) If necessary, the outer wall of the manufacturing and handling premises shall be planned with a weight reduction.
The storage facility for the storage of explosives shall be as secure as possible and shall be resistant to the fire, and shall not cause any dangerous shrapnel in the event of a storage explosion. The warehouse must be without windows. The warehouse shall be able to withstand at least 120 minutes of external fire.
The storage facility shall be equipped with a pen and appropriate labelling.
The storage facility shall be equipped with a system of non-permanent reporting of the alarm system, the alarm being transmitted in a reliable manner to a person close to them or to the on-call time. The break-in reporting system may be a movement-based battery or accumulating camera system. The break-in reporting system shall take into account the possible impact of radio waves on the detonation caps.
The permanent explosive storage facility shall be deemed to comply with the structural requirements laid down in this Article if it complies with standard SFS 4397. A temporary explosive storage facility shall be deemed to meet the requirements if it complies with standard SFS 4398.
In the manufacture or processing mode of explosives, at least one of the walls of the building is to be the outer wall of the building, which is designed to make other walls more attractive to the pressure centre if they are working.
The light wall shall be directed so that the pressure relief is directed in a safe direction.
The buildings and premises used for the manufacture, processing and storage of explosives shall be appropriately labelled in such a way as to determine the hazard of the holding and the building.
The label shall contain at least the necessary prohibitions and an explosive symbol and contact details of the responsible person. The general terms and the language versions of the dangerous territory may be in the enclosure of the area.
The manufacturing and handling equipment and systems of explosives must be designed and selected in such a way as to prevent accidents as effectively as possible and to minimise the consequences of accidents. The use of devices must be designed as far as possible to remote access.
The following principles must be observed in the design:
(1) the design of equipment and restraint systems is performed with the best time available and justified in terms of the management of the risks involved;
(2) the amount of explosive, chemical and energy released in an accident at a time is intended to minimise the choice of equipment sizes and means of production;
(3) the design of installations and other structures and activities shall take into account the effects of the weather on activities and structures;
(4) equipment is designed to withstand explosive pressure or build a pressure relief that is channelled in a safe direction;
(5) precautions to prevent, detect and limit the consequences;
(6) the emergency stop system and alarm systems and other safety-critical systems are also operating in the event of failure of the conventional energy system;
(7) the support and other structures of equipment containing explosives, which may pose a special hazard, are protected in such a way as to withstand the thermal effects of a possible fire;
(8) the production and processing stage shall be allocated to the site of work so that the accident occurring in one site does not lead to any risk of loss of life or health at other sites.
The processes or activities of the manufacture and processing of explosives shall, as far as possible, be equipped with systems where accidents or other dangerous events can be detected in time to limit the progress of dangerous events , and in which the consequences of accidents can be reduced to a minimum. Such control, management and security systems are:
(1) a system of automation in which the process or operation is kept under specified conditions;
(2) an emergency stop system which enables the process to be closed down or for safe suspension of operations manually, in addition to any automatic emergency stop; the operation of the emergency stop system must be independent in paragraph 1; Of the system referred to;
(3) an alarming and overrun system for the overrun of equipment and tanks;
(4) a system for detecting disturbance or storage conditions associated with the handling or storage of the chemical in time for the prevention of accidents;
(5) a system where, where possible, hazardous reactions can be prevented or stopped, or in which they can be slowed down or directed towards the most dangerous;
(6) auto-automatic security-automation system, designed to ensure security-critical locks, shelters or similar devices, and which can prevent the process from entering a dangerous state or through which the process can be Shall be directed to a safe space; the system of automation must be so designed that, in the event of a disturbance, the actuators shall remain or move to a pre-defined safe space and reliability in terms of the nature and nature of the operation; Have been taken into account;
(7) a backup energy system capable of maintaining critical safety functions.
The security arrangements for the manufacture and processing of explosives shall, as far as possible, be ensured in such a way that they are not dependent on a single precaution.
The systems and equipment referred to in paragraph 1 shall be designed, placed and, where necessary, protected in such a way that they are available in the event of an accident.
The equipment shall bear the marking which shall indicate the symbol of the device corresponding to the symbol used in the diagrams and the maintenance system. If necessary, the pipes shall indicate the flow direction and flow of chemicals.
In addition, the equipment must be marked by the suspension of emergency stop equipment and alarm devices.
Transport in the area of production shall be organised in such a way as to avoid any risk.
The operator shall determine and, where appropriate, indicate the authorised transport routes for passenger transport, chemicals and explosives in the area of the establishment. The transport routes for explosives must, as far as possible, be separated from the routes reserved for passenger transport.
The emergency units must have access to the site of the production site, to the dangerous destinations of the accident, and to the point where the extinguishing water takes place at least two different directions.
The operator shall supervise and restrict access to the site of the establishment, and in particular to the manufacturing, processing and storage facilities of explosives, in such a way as to prevent unauthorised access to explosives and chemicals; or Pose a risk to the activity and, in the event of an accident, to be sufficiently aware of the number of persons at risk.
The premises shall be equipped with reliable and continuous access devices for unauthorised access to the premises or area.
The operator shall draw up plans to ensure that, by means of regular maintenance, inspection, testing or other appropriate methods, the operator shall ensure that, in the manufacture, processing and storage of The functioning of equipment, facilities and other structures which are essential for the safety of the installations, as well as the operation of the equipment and systems installed to ensure safety.
The plans shall take into account the risk of failure or failure of any installations or systems, the conditions of the operating environment and conditions, the age of the installations or systems and the previous Any information that may have been obtained from the inspections.
There shall be a record of inspection and testing and of any deficiencies or measures taken.
The maintenance shall be accompanied by written instructions containing the instructions given by the manufacturer and supplemented by the operator's own organisation and procedures.
All activities of the production facility with explosives shall be instructions. The instructions should be drawn up before the start of the operation and be available to the service staff in a language which they understand.
The operator must ensure that the staff has received sufficient training and guidance on dangerous chemicals and establishments and knows the instructions.
If necessary, the instructions should also cover the activities of outside workers in the area.
In addition, the operator must ensure that the operating staff and any outside workers are operating in accordance with the instructions.
There must be an appropriate working permit procedure for tasks that deviate from normal, everyday work.
Explosives intended for use during the day, and explosives maintained by the purchaser's right on the site of work must be kept at the site of the bombing or at the place of use all the time, duly marked and guarded or temporary or permanent. In a warehouse or in a similar storage facility with a protective structure. Explosives may also be stored in a separate transport unit corresponding to the safety requirements of a temporary or permanent warehouse.
In addition to explosives, no other materials, articles or equipment may be stored.
The name and contact details of the person responsible for the storage shall be known on the site and marked outside the storage room. The place of storage of explosives shall be presented in the plan for the protection of the demolition site or any other safety document in the place of use.
The detonators shall be positioned in such a way that the transmission of the explosion to other explosives is not possible.
The place of storage of explosives must be at least 10 metres from the general road, the building of the building, the office or place of work or the place where people are normally present and at least 5 m from the neighbour's border. There must be no flammability material in the vicinity.
The location of the storage facility for explosives must be preceded by a risk assessment prior to the start of storage.
Ammonium nitrate solution and other raw materials shall be stored in their own premises with adequate allasles for leakage.
Stocks should be located in a secure location, as separate as possible from the potential sources of danger. Stores shall be at a distance of at least 5 metres from the external sites and the break-in and the office of the country of work.
There shall be no fire hazard equipment or other combustible materials in the vicinity of the stores. From a distance of 5 metres from the ground, the burning soil will be removed.
The investment in the warehouse shall be presented in the work plan or in a similar document.
Stocks shall be marked with appropriate warning signs and the storage space shall be kept locked outside use.
All explosives should be used outside the use of appropriate and locked cabinets in such a way that the inappropriate cannot access the products. Cables must be placed in such a way that there is no firework or equipment or products in their vicinity that may cause the explosive to ignite.
Pyrotechnic articles should be kept separate from other explosives.
Explosives shall not be stored in the attic or in the common space of the dwellings of the building with the same number of apartments, nor in the space reserved for the housing maintenance of an economic circus in such a state.
Paragraph 41 has been repealed by A 17.9.2015/1135 .
The explosives storage facility referred to in Article 58 of the State Council Regulation on the control of the manufacture and storage of explosives must be a security breach, against an external fire, at least in accordance with standard SFS 4398, and shall: To be locked in a double lock.
The detonators shall be positioned in such a way that the transmission of the explosion to other explosives is not possible.
In addition to explosives, no other materials, articles or equipment shall be stored in the holding room.
The holding room shall be at least 10 metres from the general road, 60 metres from the dwelling and the other operator's building, 30 metres from the office or break-in or the place where people are usually staying, and At least 5 m from the neighbour's border. There must be no flammability material in the vicinity. You don't have to build a pen.
The storage room shall be marked with an explosive marker, contact details of the person responsible for the storage, and an open flame act and a smoking ban.
The storage facility shall be provided in the building's rescue plan or other security document.
The operator shall determine the sources of ignition, permanently, or otherwise used in the manufacturing, processing and storage facilities of the explosives, which may cause ignition or explosion. When assessing the risk of ignition sources, account shall be taken of the ignition characteristics of the explosive and combustible materials in the space.
The surface temperature of the equipment, equipment and structures in the manufacture, processing and storage facilities of explosives shall not exceed the temperature in which the explosive may ignite or where the other material in contact with the surface may ignite.
When assessing the risk of ignition due to hot surfaces, the heating or heating of equipment should also be taken into account.
If the temperature of the device, or the surface temperature of the device for process technical reasons, exceeds the ignition point of any other material in contact with the explosive temperature or surface, shall be subject to different operational procedures, measurements and Locking shall ensure that the possibility of hazard has been eliminated as reliably as possible.
The manufacturing, processing and storage facilities of explosives have an open fire and no smoking. There must be a ban on the shields in the area.
For welding, the use of sparking equipment or any other similar firework on the premises or in the area shall be permitted only in accordance with the working permit procedures established by the operator.
The manufacturing, processing and storage facilities of explosives shall ensure the prevention and elimination of the static electricity charge in each case in the most appropriate manner and with the most appropriate equipment.
Non-metallic containers containing more than 500 kg of explosives, other than those in category 1.4 of hazard, shall be fitted with flavour and thundered protection.
The operator shall ensure that electromagnetic waves, ionising radiation or ultrasonic radiation are not present in the manufacture, processing and storage of explosives, to the extent that they can ignite the explosives.
The operator shall be prepared for any activities related to the explosions, fires, leakages, malfunctions, damage to equipment and other similar situations arising from production facilities, taking into account the scale of the activity and the operation The risks.
In view of the circumstances leading to accidents and the limitation and control of the consequences of accidents, the characteristics of the explosives and the conditions of manufacture, processing and storage should be adequately prepared.
The manufacturing and processing plant shall have systems to detect any adverse events or circumstances that lead to accidents in a timely manner and warn those in the area.
Fire detectors shall be used for the detection and locating of the fire in the manufacturing and processing facilities.
The free movement of alerts must be carried out in such a way as to ensure that the prevention, restriction and control measures required by the incident can be taken without delay and that people in the danger zone can be warned of the situation. The air should have a local alarm and an alarm at a permanent location. If necessary, the alarm shall also be directed to the Emergency Response Centre.
The manufacturing and processing sites of explosives must be able to quickly report an incident or an imminent accident.
Manufacturing and treatment facilities must have adequate facilities for the sustainable protection of explosions and are sufficiently close to different places of work and should be a means of communication.
The sub-firing and extinguishing capacity of the production facility should be such that, in the event of a fire, effective shutdown is possible and the spread of the fire can be prevented.
When the response to the extinguishing and control capability is measured, account should be taken of the possible accidents at the site and the potential for intervention in the site of the establishment. If necessary, the manufacturing and handling installation shall be equipped with a suitable automatic extinguishing device.
Equipment shall be placed close enough to the items in which they may be required and are available in the event of an accident.
The selection of the extinguishing and control methods and substances shall take into account the risk to human or environmental safety of extinguishing and pesticides and their accompanying chemicals.
The quantity of water to be used for extinguishing, chilling or other disposal shall be measured in such a way that it is sufficient for solid fire extinguishing and cooling systems, fast fire and For the needs of the rescue operation in the region.
If necessary, access to the water shall be ensured. Fireworks and fire-fighting stations shall be located in such a way that they are available in the event of an accident.
The availability of additional water-extinguishing water shall be documented in the internal emergency plan.
This Regulation shall enter into force on 1 September 2015.
Before 1 January 2018, operators of establishments which have commenced operations before the entry into force of the Regulation shall examine the fulfilment of the requirements laid down in this Regulation by their establishment and draw up a plan In order to achieve a level of safety equivalent to those requirements. The survey and the plan shall be dealt with by means of inspections or other monitoring visits to the production facilities.
Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (32012L0018); OJ L 197, 24.7.2012, p. 1Annex 1
Values for the k-coefficient used for the calculation of the protection of terrestrial stocks
Allocation of targets
| Category of the target of protection | Protective subject |
| A | Hospital, nursing home, nursing home, nursing home, kindergarten or other similar institution where people need outside help in the evacuation situation |
| B | School, at least 10 economic settlements, physical activity, meeting place or other apartment in which people are usually staying, a public building or a large-scale production plant of dangerous chemicals by an external operator |
| C | Single dwelling, other factory |
| D | Public transport corridor, port area, airport runway or pressure reduction position for natural gas pipelines; |
| E | A low-traffic general traffic route |
K-factor values for the calculation of hazard class 1.1 and 1.5 and for the hazard class 1.2 and 1.6 for the explosives from the warehouse protection distance from outside destinations
| Protective subject | K-value according to hazard class and fragmentation hazard | |||
| 1.1 and 1.5 | 1.2 and 1.6 | |||
| No risk of fragmentation | Shrapnel | No risk of fragmentation | Shrapnel | |
| A | 60 | 60 | 58 | 76 |
| B | 30 | 30 | 58 | 76 |
| C | 22 | 22 | 58 | 76 |
| D | 15 | 15 | 39 | 51 |
| E | 10 | 10 | 39 | 51 |
Annex 2
Distance between stocks
The minimum distance from other stocks to the hazard category 1.1, 1.5 and 1.6 shall be calculated using the formula:
L = k x m 1/3 ,
Where L Is the protection distance in meters,
M Is mass of the explosive in kilograms,
K Is the coefficient which is
(1) 3 if the stocks are unprotected;
(2) 1,5 if the stocks are protected by a protective barrier; and
3) 1 if the stocks meet the requirements for land-covered buildings.
The minimum distance distances of a hazard class 1.3 explosive device shall be calculated using the formula 1, in which the coefficient of
1) 2 if the stocks are unprotected;
(2) 1,5 if the warehouses are protected by a protective barrier or the roof and walls of the storage shielding are durable; and
3) 1 if the stocks meet the requirements for land-covered buildings.
Annex 3
Intra-explosive plant protection distances A. Protection distances between buildings
The protection distance shall be in accordance with the distances shown in Tables 1 to 5. Distances have been reported as either k-values or meters. The protection distance shall be calculated using the formula,
L = k x m 1/3 ,
Where L Is the protection distance in meters,
M Is mass of explosives in kilograms,
K Is k-value.
Table 6 has calculated the range of protection distances corresponding to the k values used in Tables 1 to 5 as a metre for the number of explosives.
The tables refer to the factory
The dangerous part The part of the manufacturing area where explosives are prepared, processed or stored;
Dangerous warehouse The permanent storage facility in the storage area and the intermediate storage facility in the case of production facilities, which does not normally occupy people;
In a fire-dangerous building A building where explosives, combustible liquids or other easily flammable substances are manufactured, processed or stored in category 1.3;
Non-hazardous building A building that does not manufacture, process or store explosives or fire dangerous substances (e.g. Use laboratories and repair workshops, with a small number of people, staff offices, operating offices, engine rooms and storage facilities where explosive raw and auxiliary materials are stored);
A non-hazardous part The part of the factory area where there are no dangerous production facilities or dangerous warehouses;
Part of a non-hazardous component Building at the service of production A building which, due to the nature of the work to be carried out, must be located in the vicinity of production facilities (e.g. Workshops, manufacturing facilities for explosive and non-explosive materials and intermediate products such as acid and nitrocellulose, auxiliary plant buildings such as boilers, heating and engine rooms needed for electricity generation, and Operating laboratories employing several persons); and
Buildings that do not need to be located in the vicinity of production facilities in other buildings (e.g. Administrative and social facilities and research laboratories).
B. Construction and protective structures
For the purposes of protection distances, the k-value depends on the construction and protective structures used.
Below are the requirements which are normally used for the structures used.
Protective barrier
The barrier can be either half-wall or size. If possible, a half-power must be used. In the semi-garage, the inner ramp is replaced by a building wall. The half-wall shall be at least 1 m in width.
The construction of a normal land wall shall comply with the following:
(1) the barrier shall be so placed that its lower edge is not more than 2 m from the storage facility;
(2) the slope of the internal ramps must be: 1,5-l: 2;
(3) the wall shall be at least 1 m in width;
(4) the height of the barrier shall be such that the upper part of the building may not be drawn from the uncut straight to the protected site; and
(5) The inner ramp shall be made from loose paints which do not contain at least 0,5 m in the thickness of a thickness exceeding 5 cm in diameter stones.
Light building method
The building in the light building is not designed to withstand a pressure shock. In the case of destruction, the building does not substantially lead to the environment. Hull structure, heavy roof-equipped building
The building is designed in such a way that the room is protected against the environment from the environment. The walls can be boiled if the building is protected. The roof is sufficiently solid steel plate or at least 50 cm thick with a layer protected by a layer of sand. The walls are either strong enough concrete walls or protective equipment with sand filling. The thickness of the hair filler shall be at least 1 m. The building shall not contain any quantity of dangerous explosives belonging to the category 1.1 or 1.3, that they may be accompanied by the explosion or fire. Building on fire-resistant walls and rooftop
The building's one wall is lightweight. Three walls and a roof can withstand the effects of the fire and are unhelpful. Groundcover Building
The ground-covered building is covered with a thick layer of ground. The structural solution of the building must be one of the following:
-reinforced concrete plate supported by reinforced concrete,
-a reinforced concrete mushroom tablet,
-a steel-concrete arc with a floor of the floor, or
-in the same way, a structural solution which reduces the formation of heatings.
The soil on the top of the roof shall be at least 50 times the mass of the explosive. The soil thickness must be at least 60 cm. Also, the slope of the side slope and the inclination of the ceiling layer will be at least equal to the thickness of the roof layer. The slope angle of the slope shall not exceed 35 °. The soil of the ground cover used must meet the requirements of the protective barrier above. In the direction of the Oviahole in the 60 ° sector, the protective effect of the ground cover shall not be taken into account. The locking devices of doors and any other openings shall bear the load of the shock wave resulting from the explosion of the adjacent buildings.
Table 1. Shelters between buildings in an explosive plant
-k-values and minimum permitted distances
-hazard class 1.1. And 1.5, not dangerous shrapnel
| Danger causing danger | Hazardous part of the factory | Unsafe part of the factory | |||||||||
| Hazardous production holdings | Dangerous stocks | Other buildings | |||||||||
| Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Buildings serving production | Other buildings | ||
| In the direction of land cover | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 0,8 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 8 (30m) | 8 (30m) |
| In the direction of a protected, heavy roof | 2.5 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 0,8 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 8 (30m) | 8 (30m) |
| Over the influence of the barrier | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 0,8 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 8 (30m) | 8 (30m) |
| Light structure without valleys | 2.5 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 8 ) | 0,8 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 8.0 | 6,0 (30m) | 8 (30m) | 8 (30m) |
Table 2: Distance distances between buildings of an explosive plant
-k-values and minimum permitted distances
-hazard class 1.1, explosives are caused by dangerous shrapnel
| Danger causing danger | Hazardous part of the factory | Unsafe part of the factory | |||||||||
| Hazardous production holdings | Dangerous stocks | Other buildings | |||||||||
| Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Buildings serving production | Other buildings | ||
| In the direction of land cover | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 0,8 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 8 (40 m) | 8 (40 m) | 8.0 (150m) |
| In the direction of a protected, heavy roof | 2.5 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 0,8 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 (1) | 8.0 (1) (40m) | 8.0 (1) (40m) | 8.0 (150m) |
| Over the influence of the barrier | 2.5 | 4.0 | 6.0 (1) | 8.0 (1) | 0,8 | 3.0 | 6.0 (1) | 8.0 (1) | 8.0 (1) (40m) | 8.0 (1) (40m) | 8.0 (150m) |
| Light structure without valleys | 2.5 | 6.0 | 8.0 (1) | 8.0 (1) (180m) | 0,8 | 4.5 | 8.0 (1) | 8.0 (1) (180m) | 8.0 (1) (180m) | 8.0 (1) (180m) | 8.0 (275m) |
Table 3: Shelters between buildings in an explosive plant
-hazard class 1.2. And 1.6, no dangerous shrapnel
| Danger causing danger | Hazardous part of the factory | Unsafe part of the factory | |||||||||
| Hazardous production holdings | Dangerous stocks | Other buildings | |||||||||
| Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Buildings serving production | Other buildings | ||
| In the direction of land cover | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | 25m | 40m | 60m |
| In the direction of a protected, heavy roof | (-) 25m (1) | 15 m 25m (1) | 15m 25m (1) | 15m 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | 25m | 40m | 60m |
| Over the influence of the barrier | (-) 25m (1) | 25 m | 60 m | 75 m | (-) 25m (1) | 10m 25m (1) | 60m | 75 m | 75 m | 75 m | 90m |
| Light structure without valleys | (-) 25m (1) | 25 m | 75 m | 90m | (-) 25m (1) | 25m | 75 m | 90m | 90m | 90m | 90m |
Table 4: Shelters between buildings in an explosive plant
-hazard class 1.2. And 1.6, dangerous shrapnel
| Danger causing danger | Hazardous part of the factory | Unsafe part of the factory | |||||||||
| Hazardous production holdings | Dangerous stocks | Other buildings | |||||||||
| Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Buildings serving production | Other buildings | ||
| In the direction of land cover | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | (-) 25m (1) | 40m | 60m | 75 m |
| In the direction of a protected, heavy roof | (-) 25m (1) | 15 m 25m (1) | 40m | 40m | (-) 25m (1) | 10m 25m (1) | 25m | 25m | 60m | 75 m | 100m |
| Over the influence of the barrier | (-) 25m (1) | 25 m | 100m | 135m | (-) 25m (1) | 10m 25m (1) | 100m | 135m | 135m | 135m | 135m |
| Light structure without valleys | (-) 25m (1) | 25 m | 135m | 135m | (-) 25m (1) | 25m | 135m | 135m | 135m | 135m | 135m |
Table 5: Shelters between buildings in an explosive plant
-k-values and minimum permitted distances
-category 1.3.
| Danger causing danger | Hazardous part of the factory | Unsafe part of the factory | |||||||||
| Hazardous production holdings | Dangerous stocks | Other buildings | |||||||||
| Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Ground coverings | Barrier or protective walls, heavy roof | Barrier or protective walls, light roof | Unprotected | Buildings serving production | Other buildings | ||
| In the direction of land cover | (-) | (10m) | (10m) | 1,25 (15m) | (-) | (-) | (-) | 1,25 (15m) | 1,4 (15m) | 1,4 (40m) | 1,4 (60m) |
| Impact of fire-resistant wall and roof | (10m) | (10m) | 1,25 (15m) | 1,4 (15m) | (-) | (-) | 1,25 (10m) | 1,4 (15m) | 1.7 (1) | 1.7 (40m) | 1.7 (60m) |
| Direction of fire control over the direction of fire | (10m) | 1,25 (15m) | (20m) | 1.7 (m) | (-) | (-) | 1,4 (15m) | (20m) | 2.5 (30m) | 4,3 (40m) | 4,3 (40m) |
| Fire-aping structure or direction of impact light structure and barrier | 1,4 (15m) | 1,4 (15m) | (20m) | 2.0 (25m) | (-) | 1,25 (10m) | (20m) | (20m) | 3.2 (40m) | 4,3 (60m) | 4,3 (40m) |
| Impact light structure | 1,4 (15m) | (20m) | 2.0 (25m) | 3.2 (1) (40m) | (-) | (20m) | 1.4 (25m) | 3.2 (1) (40m) | 4,3 (1) (1) | 4,3 (1) (1) | 6,4 (60m) |
Table 6: Formula 1 = k x m 1/3 Distance calculated distances (m) with different k values and explosive extremes (kg)
| Explosion quantity (kg) | K-value | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 1,5 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 15 | 22 | 30 | 39 | 51 | 58 | 60 | 76 | |
| 10 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 22 | 32 | 47 | 65 | 84 | 110 | 125 | 129 | 164 |
| 50 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 11 | 37 | 55 | 81 | 111 | 144 | 188 | 214 | 221 | 280 |
| 100 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 14 | 46 | 70 | 102 | 139 | 181 | 237 | 269 | 278 | 353 |
| 200 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 18 | 58 | 88 | 129 | 175 | 228 | 298 | 339 | 351 | 444 |
| 300 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 20 | 67 | 100 | 147 | 201 | 261 | 341 | 388 | 402 | 509 |
| 500 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 24 | 79 | 119 | 175 | 238 | 310 | 405 | 460 | 476 | 603 |
| 1000 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 30 | 100 | 150 | 220 | 300 | 390 | 510 | 580 | 600 | 760 |
| 2000 | 13 | 19 | 25 | 38 | 126 | 189 | 277 | 378 | 491 | 643 | 731 | 756 | 958 |
| 3000 | 14 | 22 | 29 | 43 | 144 | 216 | 317 | 433 | 562 | 736 | 837 | 865 | 1096 |
| 4000 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 48 | 159 | 238 | 349 | 476 | 619 | 810 | 921 | 952 | 1206 |
| 5000 | 17 | 26 | 34 | 51 | 171 | 256 | 376 | 513 | 667 | 872 | 992 | 1026 | 1300 |
| 6000 | 18 | 27 | 36 | 55 | 182 | 273 | 400 | 545 | 709 | 927 | 1054 | 1090 | 1381 |
| 7000 | 19 | 29 | 38 | 57 | 191 | 287 | 421 | 574 | 746 | 976 | 1110 | 1148 | 1454 |
| 8000 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 60 | 200 | 300 | 440 | 600 | 780 | 1020 | 1160 | 1200 | 1520 |
| 9000 | 21 | 31 | 42 | 62 | 208 | 312 | 458 | 624 | 811 | 1061 | 1206 | 1248 | 1581 |
| 10000 | 22 | 32 | 43 | 65 | 215 | 323 | 474 | 646 | 840 | 1099 | 1250 | 1293 | 1637 |
| 15000 | 25 | 37 | 49 | 74 | 247 | 370 | 543 | 740 | 962 | 1258 | 1430 | 1480 | 1874 |
| 20000 | 27 | 41 | 54 | 81 | 271 | 407 | 597 | 814 | 1059 | 1384 | 1574 | 1629 | 2063 |
| 30000 | 31 | 47 | 62 | 93 | 311 | 466 | 684 | 932 | 1212 | 1585 | 1802 | 1864 | 2361 |
| 40000 | 34 | 51 | 68 | 103 | 342 | 513 | 752 | 1026 | 1334 | 1744 | 1984 | 2052 | 2599 |
| 50000 | 37 | 55 | 74 | 111 | 368 | 553 | 810 | 1105 | 1437 | 1879 | 2137 | 2210 | 2800 |
1 Authorised only under particularly favourable environmental or operating conditions
The minimum distance is indicated in brackets. Distances shall be increased in the case of an intended effect.
1 Authorised only under particularly favourable environmental or operating conditions
The minimum distance is indicated in brackets. Distances shall be increased in the case of an intended effect.
= not distance
1 This distance must be respected if there is a time bomb in an explosive, e.g. Rockets
= not distance
1 This distance must be respected if there is a time bomb in an explosive, e.g. Rockets
= not distance
1 Authorised only under particularly favourable environmental or operating conditions
The minimum distance is indicated in brackets.
This Regulation shall enter into force on 18 September 2015.
