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The Law On Citizenship

Original Language Title: Kansalaisuuslaki

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Nationality law

See the copyright notice Conditions of use .

In accordance with the decision of the Parliament:

Chapter 1

General provisions

ARTICLE 1
Scope and purpose of the law

This law lays down the conditions under which a person may acquire, retain or lose the nationality of Finland and the procedure for dealing with such matters.

The purpose of this Act is to regulate the acquisition and loss of citizenship of Finland, taking into account both the interests of a private person and the State, to prevent and reduce the stainless ness of citizens and to implement and promote the principles of good administration and legal certainty. Matters relating to citizenship and decision-making.

ARTICLE 2
Definitions

For the purposes of this law:

(1) Citizenship The legal link between the individual and the State, which determines the position of the individual in the State and determines the fundamental rights and obligations of the individual and the State;

(2) Foreign nationals A person not a Finnish national;

(3) Involuntarily stateless A person who does not have national citizenship and is stateless without the will of his or her own guardian;

(4) Of his will for stateless A person who is not a national of any State and who has remained a stateless person on his or her own or his/her own will;

(5) By unknown nationality A person whose nationality or stateless person is unknown;

(6) At the nationality station Current and former citizenship, stateless citizenship and insensitivity to citizenship;

(7) Child An unmarried person under the age of 18;

(8) Spouse, The spouse of the spouse concerned and the person living with the person concerned in the circumstances of the marriage; the provisions of the law relating to the relationship with the person concerned (2003) In proportion to the living person;

(9) Applicant Any person who has made an application or a declaration to obtain or release the Finnish citizenship, or on whose behalf the guardian or guardian has made an application or a declaration to obtain or release Finnish citizenship; and

(10) With the applicant A child in the care of the applicant to whom the application or notification of the applicant is intended to obtain or release the nationality of Finland. (20.5.2010)

ARTICLE 3 (9.11.2007)
Tasks of the Immigration Service

The Immigration Service shall decide on the acquisition, preservation and loss of Finnish citizenship, as referred to in this Act, and on the determination of the status of citizenship.

The forms necessary for the application or notification referred to in this Act shall be laid down by the Immigration Service.

§ 4
Prevention of stateless ess

The provisions of this Act concerning the loss of citizenship and the exemption from citizenship must not be applied if, as a result of their application, stateless persons would become a consequence of their application.

§ 5
Consultation of the child and the guardian

A child who has completed 12 years shall be consulted on the application or notification concerning him. Non-application or notification of a parent shall also be consulted on the application or notification, unless his whereabouts are unknown and cannot be ascertained.

A child who has completed 15 years cannot obtain Finnish citizenship on application or notification and cannot be exempted from it if he has expressed his opposition to the granting of or release of the nationality. In addition, the child cannot obtain Finnish citizenship on application or notification and cannot be exempted from it if the applicant, other than the guardian of the application or the notifier, has expressed his opposition to the granting of or release of the nationality.

In the event of a child's or non-application or notification of a guardian, an application or notification may be accepted if it is considered to be in the best interests of the child. For the benefit of the child, the Social Welfare Act (710/1982) § 6 , unless it is manifestly unnecessary to obtain it.

ARTICLE 6 (20.5.2010)
Survived identity

The acquisition of Finnish citizenship presupposes that the identity of the applicant is reliably determined.

Information on the identity of the person concerned may be presented on a documentary basis or by providing reliable information on the name of the person concerned, the date of birth, the family relationship, the nationality of the person concerned and any other matter that is necessary to resolve the case. Of personal data. In the case of identification, account shall be taken of the information previously provided by the person to the authority of the identity of his/her child.

Where a foreigner has been resident for at least the last 10 years with an identity of the population information system, his identity shall be deemed to have been established in accordance with paragraph 1, even though he has previously appeared more than With a single identity.

Any change in the name, date of birth or of nationality shall be interrupted by the expiry of the 10-year period referred to in paragraph 3 if the change cannot be considered minor. Other changes in identity may also break the time limit if the change is deemed to constitute a new identity for the overall assessment of the identity.

§ 7
Actual residence and home

For the purposes of assessing the residence of a foreigner in Finland, the actual residence and residence of a person shall mean the actual and principal place of stay of the person in which he resides.

§ 8
Finland's birth

In Finland, this law treats the birth of a Finnish vessel or aircraft in a foreign country or an international area.

Chapter 2

Finnish citizenship based on birth

§ 9
Child

The child shall be born of Finnish citizenship if:

(1) Mother is a Finnish national;

(2) the father is a Finnish national; and

(a) in marriage with the mother of the child; or

(b) the child is born in Finland and the paternity of a man is confirmed;

(3) the father is dead, but was a Finnish national when he died; and

(a) in marriage with the mother of the child; or

(b) the child is born in Finland and the paternity of the husband is confirmed; or

(4) the child is born in Finland and is not a national of any foreign country, and, on the basis of his birth, is not even secondary to the right of citizenship of any foreign country.

A child born in Finland will, on the place of birth, receive Finnish citizenship if the parents of the child have a refugee status in Finland or if they have otherwise been given protection against the authorities of their country of nationality. In addition, it is required that the child shall not receive the nationality of either of his or her parents, except by registering the birth of the child in the authority of the non-governmental state of the parent, or any other means necessary for the contribution of that State authority. If the protection referred to above is only given to one of the parents, it is also required that the child is not born and, on the basis of his birth, does not even have the right, in the alternative, to obtain his or her parents' nationality.

ARTICLE 10 (28.11.2011)
Adoption child

A non-12-year-old child who is adopted and whose adoptive parents at least one of them is a Finnish citizen, receives Finnish citizenship on the basis of adoption when the adoption is valid in Finland.

ARTICLE 11
Parental marriage

A child who is not entitled to Finnish citizenship under Article 9, or who has not received Finnish citizenship on the basis of a declaration, receives Finnish citizenship on the basis of marriage between her parents, including marriage, if the husband was born and Since then, the Finnish citizen and the paternity of a man have been confirmed before marriage.

However, if the paternity is confirmed after the marriage and the father is still a Finnish citizen, the child will receive Finnish citizenship only from the date of adoption of the paternity. If the father has died after the marriage, the child will receive Finnish citizenship from the date of adoption of the paternity, if the father was a Finnish citizen when he died.

ARTICLE 12
Child and child of parents unknown in terms of nationality

Finland is regarded as a Finnish citizen for as long as he has not been found to be a national of a foreign country. However, if a child has been found to be a national of a foreign country only after he has completed five years, the nationality of the child shall remain.

A child born in Finland, whose parents are unknown, is regarded as a Finnish citizen for as long as he has not been found to be a national of a foreign country. The same applies to a child born out of wedlock in Finland, whose mother's nationality is unknown. However, if a child has been found to be a national of a foreign country only after he has completed five years, the nationality of the child shall remain.

Chapter 3

Finnish citizenship on application

ARTICLE 13
General conditions for nationality

In the case of an application, a foreign country shall be granted the nationality of Finland if the application is made:

(1) has completed 18 years or prior to marriage;

2) his actual home and home is and has been in Finland ( Residence condition ):

(a) for the last five years without interruption ( Continuous residence time ); or

(b) seven years after the age of 15, the last two years without interruption ( Collected residence time );

3) he is not guilty of any other offence other than that of a criminal offence and has not been subject to a restraining order ( The condition of integrity );

(4) he has not substantially failed to fulfil his maintenance obligations or obligations under public law;

(5) he can reliably find out how to earn a living; and

6) he has a satisfactory oral and written knowledge of the Finnish or Swedish languages, or an equivalent level of Finnish or Finnish Swedish sign language ( Language requirement ).

(20.5.2010)

The general conditions of nationality may be waived only on the basis of the criteria set out below.

A person shall not be naturalised, even if he fulfils the conditions of citizenship if there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that the nationality of the citizen is a threat to State security or public order, or where the main purpose of obtaining citizenship To take advantage of Finnish citizenship without any intention to settle in Finland, or if, on the basis of a comprehensive review of the situation of the applicant, the nationality of the applicant is contrary to the interests of the State.

ARTICLE 14 (20.5.2010)
Starting period of residence

The period of residence begins:

1) from the date of return to Finland or the return to Finland if the applicant has or has previously been granted an authorisation or the right to change in a permanent manner to Finland;

(2) from the date of issue of the first permanent residence permit, if the applicant does not have permission to move to Finland;

(3) the date of submission of an application for asylum or residence, provided that an application for a foreigner has been granted asylum in Finland or issued a residence permit on the basis of subsidiary protection or humanitarian protection; or

4) In the case of a citizen of the Nordic country from the date of its removal or registration, whichever is the later.

If the identity of the applicant has not been resolved, the period of residence shall not begin until the person concerned has submitted a report on his identity. This period of time, or part of it, shall be accepted at the time of residence if the applicant has shown initiative in order to identify the identity of the person, as well as the time or part of the age of the minor if the identity has not been determined. For any reason independent of the guardian or of any other applicant.

§ 15 (20.5.2010)
Residence time acceptable residence

Notwithstanding Article 14 (1) (2), where the applicant is a temporary residence permit prior to the granting of a permanent residence permit, half the time during which the temporary residence permit is issued shall be taken into account in the calculation of the residence period. It is required that the applicant has resided in Finland with a continuous residence permit at least one year immediately before the application is resolved.

On the basis of the applicant's age, state of health or any other comparable cause, the time or part of the period of residence without authorisation shall also be accepted at the time of residence if it is considered reasonable for the applicant.

ARTICLE 16 (20.5.2010)
An uninterrupted period of residence

Non-short absents are interrupted by an uninterrupted period of residence. In addition, the uninterrupted period of residence shall be broken if absences are so regularly and so much that the applicant can be regarded as staying or staying mostly outside of Finland. If absence has been due to a weighty personal reason, the uninterrupted period of residence shall not be interrupted.

Abbreviations are included in the calculation of short periods of residence. These include:

1) absence of a maximum of one month;

2) not more than six months absence, but not more than two months; and

3) not exceeding two but not more than six months absence.

If a continuous period of residence is deemed to have been broken, Finland shall be taken into account for the calculation of the residence period in accordance with Article 13 (1) (2) (b).

For more than six months, temporary absences not exceeding one year shall not be included in the calculation of the continuous period of residence. However, they do not cut off uninterrupted periods of residence. For the purposes of calculating the residence time for absences of more than one year, the period of residence shall be applied.

§ 17 (20.5.2010)
Demonstration of language skills

The fulfilment of the language requirement may be demonstrated by:

(1) a general degree of competence in the field of competence;

(2) the satisfactory and literary skill of the state administration in the language of the language;

(3) the learning amount of basic education in Finnish or Swedish as a native language or as a second language;

(4) the level of secondary education in Finnish or Swedish as a mother tongue or as a second language;

(5) Master's degree in Finnish or Swedish, which includes accepted values in Finnish or Swedish as a mother tongue or as a second language;

(6) The Law on Vocational Training (30/1998) A basic vocational qualification obtained in Finnish or Swedish;

(7) The Law on Vocational Training (1998) A professional qualification or a specialist qualification in a Finnish or Swedish language;

(8) the Council Regulation on university degrees (794/2004) Article 6 (1) (1) or the Council of State (2003) Studied Finnish or Swedish in Finnish or Swedish in accordance with Article 8 (1) (1).

VNa from professional universities 352/2003 Has been reversed, see. VNa from professional universities 1129/2014 ARTICLE 7 . See. L for general language investigations ARTICLE 6 OF THE 964/2004 Basic education L 628/1998 ARTICLE 9 And high school 629/1998 Articles 6 and 18.

ARTICLE 18 (20.5.2010)
Deviation from the condition of residence

Subject to Article 13 (1) (2), foreign nationals may be granted Finnish citizenship if:

(1) he has fixed links with Finland, based on legal and long-term resident or other comparable grounds; and

2) his actual home and home is and has been in the last two years without interruption in Finland.

In addition, it is necessary that:

(1) the treatment of permanent and full-time employment in Finland by the applicant is unreasonably difficult without Finnish citizenship;

(2) the applicant has been wrongly regarded as a Finnish citizen for a period of at least 10 years as a result of a mistake made by a Finnish authority which has resulted in a significant consequence of the rights or obligations of the Finnish national; or

3) Otherwise, there is a very heavy reason for the derogation from the condition of residence.

Article 18a (20.5.2010)
Derogation from the condition of residence in the event of a condition of linguistic competence

Without prejudice to Article 13 (1) (2), foreign nationals may be granted Finnish citizenship if he fulfils the linguistic requirement of Article 13 (1) (6) and:

(1) he has fixed links with Finland pursuant to Article 18 (1) (1); and

2) his actual home and home has been and has been in Finland for four years without interruption or a total of six years after the age of 15, the last of which was interrupted for two years without interruption.

Article 18b (20.5.2010)
Derogation from the condition of language

Without prejudice to Article 13 (1) (6), a foreign country may be granted citizenship of Finland if:

(1) the treatment of permanent and full-time employment in Finland by the applicant is unreasonably difficult without Finnish citizenship;

(2) the applicant is 65 or older and has refugee status, subsidiary protection status or residence permit in Finland on the basis of humanitarian protection;

(3) the applicant, due to his state of health, or his or her mental or verbal disability, is not in a position to comply with the knowledge of languages;

4) Otherwise, there is a very serious reason for deviating from the condition of linguistic competence.

In the case of a non-numeric and a 65-year-old or an applicant who has been granted a residence permit for the purposes of paragraph 1 (2), it may be waived if the applicant controls the Finnish or The language of understanding and of the language of the Swedish language or has been regularly involved in the study of Finnish or Swedish.

The illiteracy and the other conditions referred to in paragraph 2 shall be demonstrated by a certificate issued by the applicant's Finnish or Swedish language teacher.

§ 19 (20.5.2010)
Derogation from the condition of the probity

Without prejudice to Article 13 (1) (3) of the Applicant's situation, a foreign country may be granted the nationality of a foreign country if, on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the applicant's situation, there is a valid reason for the derogation. The evaluation shall take into account in particular:

(1) the time taken to commit the offence or offences;

(2) the nature of the act and the severity of the sentence imposed; and

(3) whether the applicant is guilty of repeated criminal acts.

A judgment issued abroad may also be taken into account in the assessment if an act punishable under comparable circumstances by Finnish law is a criminal offence.

A foreigner referred to in paragraph 1 shall not be granted a nationality until the probation period or the restraining order imposed on him has been terminated.

§ 19a (20.5.2010)
Extending the standstill period

If the application for citizenship is rejected on the basis of Article 13 (1) (3), the applicant may be subject to a standstill period in which he is not naturalised without due cause. The granting of citizenship within the standstill period or at the end of the waiting period requires a new application to re-evaluate the fulfilment of the conditions for granting citizenship.

The standstill period referred to in paragraph 1 shall be:

(1) in the case of a fine, at least one year and not more than three years from the date of the offence;

(2) in the case of suspended prison sentences, supervision, community service, juvenile punishment and the offence of which the court has failed to condemn the sentence, at least two and a maximum of four years from the date of the offence; (10/04/409)

(3) in the case of a sentence of imprisonment of at least three years and not more than seven years for the sentence of imprisonment.

If the applicant is guilty of more than one offence, the following waiting times shall not be added together. Alternative waiting times shall be chosen by the end of which is at the late hour, and for each additional period of waiting period to be added at least two months and not more than one year for the quality and punishment of the act. On the basis of severity, but in such a way that the standstill period does not exceed the maximum period of penalties laid down in paragraph 2.

The length in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 shall be determined on the basis of a comprehensive review of the applicant's situation. The comprehensive review shall take into account the elements referred to in Article 19 and the individual circumstances of the applicant.

§ 20 (8.5.2010)
Derogations from international protection or involuntary stateless persons

Subject to Article 13 (1) (2), foreign nationals may be granted Finnish citizenship if:

(1) he has a refugee status in Finland, a residence permit on the grounds of subsidiary protection or humanitarian protection, or is involuntarily stateless; and

2) his actual home and home is and has been in Finland:

(a) for the last four years without interruption; or

(b) a total of six years after the age of 15, the last of which was interrupted for two years.

The application for citizenship of the person referred to in paragraph 1 shall be treated as a matter of urgency.

ARTICLE 21 (20.5.2010)
Derogations for the Nordic citizen

The Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish and Danish nationals may be granted Finnish citizenship, notwithstanding Article 13 (1) (2), if his actual home and home is and has been in Finland for two years without interruption.

§ 22
Derogations from the spouse of a Finnish citizen

Without prejudice to Article 13 (1) (2), Finnish citizenship may be granted to the spouse of a Finnish national if:

(1) the spouses reside and have lived together for at least three years or the spouse of a deceased Finnish national has been living with his spouse for at least three years before his death; and (20.5.2010)

2) the applicant's actual residence and home is and has been in Finland:

(a) for the last four years without interruption; or

(b) a total of six years after the age of 15, the last of which was interrupted for two years.

ARTICLE 23
Derogations from the applicant for the applicant

Under Article 13 (1) (2) and (6) of the first subparagraph of Article 13 (1) of the Rules of Procedure, the applicant may be granted the nationality of an applicant under Article 13 (1) (2) and (6).

Notwithstanding Article 13 (1) (2) of the first subparagraph of Article 13 (2), the applicant, who has completed 15 years, may be granted the nationality of Finland if his/her actual residence and home has been and has been in Finland for the last four years. Interruption or total six years after the completion of seven years of age, the last of which was interrupted for two years without interruption.

§ 24
Citizenship of the child

A child may be granted Finnish citizenship on an application by a guardian or guardian if:

(1) the application is made by the Finnish national and the child living with the applicant; or

(2) For the purposes of nationality, there is a heavy reason for the benefit of the child.

(20.5.2010)

The child referred to in paragraph 1 may be granted Finnish citizenship, notwithstanding Article 13 (1) (2) and (6), if the child is less than 15 years of age and the actual home and home of the child is in Finland.

Without prejudice to Article 13 (1) (2) of the first subparagraph of Article 13 (2), where the child has been completed for 15 years, the child shall be entitled to receive the child in accordance with Article 13 (1), provided that the child's actual home and home is and has been in Finland for the last four years. Interruption or total six years after the completion of seven years of age, the last of which was interrupted for two years without interruption.

However, if the child referred to in paragraph 3 is a former Finnish national or a national of a Nordic country, a two-year residence period shall be required for the approval of the application.

ARTICLE 25
Effect of complete income on pending application

If the claimant turns 18 or marries before the application has been settled, he shall complete the application for himself.

If the child reaches the age of 18 or marries before the service provider's application has been settled, the application must be signed by his signature. If the application is not confirmed, it shall be rejected.

The Immigration Agency shall prescribe a reasonable time limit for the persons referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 in which the application must be supplemented or confirmed. The applicant, who has completed the application for citizenship or has confirmed the application for citizenship, shall be subject to the conditions laid down in Article 23 (2) and Article 24 (3), if they have been completed before the service is released. (9.11.2007)

Chapter 4

Declaration of citizenship of Finland

§ 26
A foreigner whose father is a Finnish citizen

A foreigner who does not receive Finnish citizenship under Article 9 shall be informed of Finnish citizenship if his father was a Finnish citizen and was born:

(1) Finland and fatherhood were confirmed only after he had completed 18 years or when he was married when he was younger; or

2) Outside Finland and paternity have been confirmed.

§ 27 (28.11.2011)
Twelve years of age adopted

If a foreign child has been adopted 12 years before adoption, he shall receive Finnish citizenship if at least one of the adoptive parents is a Finnish citizen and the adoption is valid in Finland.

ARTICLE 28
A young person

A person who has completed 18 but not 23 years receives a declaration of Finnish citizenship if his actual home and home is and has been in Finland for a total period of at least 10 years, of which at least two years without interruption prior to notification And if he has not been sentenced to prison terms.

However, if the claimant referred to in paragraph 1 is born in Finland, a period of residence of six years shall be required for the approval of the notification. If the actual residence and home of the applicant referred to in paragraph 1 have been in Iceland, Norway, Sweden or Denmark prior to the notification, the accommodation shall be treated as resident in Finland, but only five years after notification From before and only to the age of 16.

Under paragraph 1, Finnish citizenship cannot be obtained by a person who has lost the nationality of the Finnish nationality on the basis of false information, nor is it a national of an enemy State or its former national when the state of defence has been brought into force.

§ 29 (20.5.2010)
Former Finnish citizen

A former Finnish national has been informed of Finnish citizenship.

A person who has lost Finnish citizenship on the basis of Article 32 or Article 33 cannot obtain Finnish citizenship under paragraph 1.

ARTICLE 30 (20.5.2010)
Nationality: Nordic

A national of Iceland, Norway, Sweden or Denmark, who has completed 18 years of age, shall be informed of the citizenship of Finland if he has obtained the nationality of Iceland, Norway, Sweden or Denmark in any other way than by nationals, if his actual residence and His home has been and has been in Finland for five years, and if he has not been convicted during this period of imprisonment.

ARTICLE 31
Date of receipt of citizenship

A declaration of nationality shall be deemed to have been obtained on the date on which the notification has been brought before the competent authority, provided that the conditions for the acquisition of citizenship were fulfilled at the date of initiation. Otherwise, citizenship shall be deemed to have been acquired on the date of fulfilment of the conditions laid down for the acquisition of nationality.

Chapter 5

Loss and retention of Finnish citizenship

ARTICLE 32
Impact of the abrogation of paternity

If the paternity of the husband has been revoked or the action leading to the annulment of paternity has been brought before the age of five, or if the confirmed paternity has been revoked or the action leading to the annulment of paternity has been brought within five years , it may be decided that the child will lose the nationality of the Finnish citizenship acquired on the basis of his nationality. The decision is taken on the basis of a comprehensive review of the situation of the child. The assessment shall take into account, in particular, the age of the child and the links with Finland.

§ 33
Loss of nationality on the basis of false information

Where a person has given a false or misleading information concerning his or her person, whose knowledge would have led to the refusal of Finnish citizenship, or concealed an essential element which would have had the same effect, Decides that the person shall lose the nationality of Finland obtained on application or notification.

Where the child has acquired the Finnish citizenship in conjunction with the person referred to in paragraph 1, or where the nationality of the person referred to in paragraph 1 has been required for the child to obtain Finnish citizenship, the child may also: The decision to lose Finnish citizenship. However, a child cannot lose Finnish citizenship if the parent is a Finnish citizen.

The decision referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be taken on the basis of a comprehensive review of the person's situation. The assessment shall take into account, in addition to the reproducibility of the act, the circumstances surrounding it and the links between the application or the declaration made in Finland. In the case of a child, account shall be taken of the age of the child and the links with Finland.

The decision to lose citizenship cannot be taken in cases under paragraphs 1 and 2 if more than five years have elapsed since the application for a nationality application or notification. However, if the issue of the loss of nationality has come before five years have elapsed since the adoption of the nationality decision, the decision may be taken after that date. If the decision on the application for citizenship has been granted on condition that the applicant is released before the acquisition of Finnish citizenship at the time of his nationality, the decision shall be deemed to have been made only once the fulfilment of the condition has been established or the new decision without the condition is Given.

§ 34
Retention of nationality for 22 years

A Finnish citizen, who also holds citizenship of a foreign country, will only retain Finnish citizenship for 22 years if he has sufficient contact with Finland.

A sufficient connection shall be deemed to exist if:

1) the person was born in Finland and in his home (2013) The municipality of residence shall be in Finland for 22 years;

2) the municipality of the person has been in Finland or the actual home and home in Iceland, Norway, Sweden or Denmark for a total of at least seven years before the age of 22; or

3) the person is 18 years of age, but before the age of 22:

(a) informed the Finnish delegation or the magistracy in writing that he wishes to retain Finnish citizenship; (28.11.2011)

(b) applied for Finnish passports or Finnish passports;

(c) carried out or are in the process of being carried out in Finland by a law on military or civil service or voluntary service for women; (194/1995) The service referred to; or

(d) received the Finnish citizenship application or notification.

(20.5.2010)
ARTICLE 35
On the liberation of Finnish citizenship

A Finnish citizen who is also a national of a foreign country or who wishes to become a national of a foreign country may, on application, be exempted from Finnish citizenship. The application must state the reasons why the applicant wishes to be free of Finnish citizenship. The application shall not be accepted if the applicant has a home municipality in Finland and if the purpose of the exemption is to avoid the obligation of Finnish citizenship.

If the applicant is not a national of a foreign country at the time of his application, he may be released from Finnish citizenship only by a decision whose entry into force is subject to the submission of a report by the applicant within that period. The acquisition of a foreign country. When an immigration agency has received a report on the acquisition of a foreign country, a certificate of compliance is issued. (20.5.2010)

Chapter 6

Determination of citizenship status and public authorities' reports

§ 36
Determination of citizenship status

At the request of an authority or a party, the Finnish Immigration Service shall determine the status of citizenship if it is relevant to the existence or the related rights or obligations of Finnish nationality, The validity of the label, the presence of a foreigner in Finland, or any other comparable cause. (9.11.2007)

If a person's nationality is unknown and has a municipality of residence in Finland, the status of the person's nationality shall be determined. However, the status of citizenship shall not be determined if the identity of the rest has not been established.

ARTICLE 37
Information on the preservation of citizenship

Every year, 18 years of the population data system are picked up by persons registered as Finnish citizens, who have the address indicated in the Population Information System, of which the person is contacted. However, no persons who have had a home municipality in Finland for a period of at least seven years are excluded.

The person who has been picked out from the system of demographics will be given instructions on how to proceed in order to allow him to retain Finnish citizenship for 22 years. The Agency is responsible for issuing the instructions. The instruction is given in the year in which the person reaches the age of 18. (9.11.2007)

ARTICLE 38
Tasks relating to the determination of the nationality of the magistrate

When a person maintains the nationality of Finnish citizenship at the age of 22, the sample shall be based on the population information system and inform the interested party.

The population data system is regularly picked up for 22 years by persons registered as citizens of Finland and one of the foreign countries. If a person has lost the nationality of Finnish citizenship for 22 years, as he has not had sufficient contact with Finland, the magistrate shall enter into a population information system and inform the person concerned if his address is: Known.

ARTICLE 39 (9.11.2007)
Obligation to provide information

In the cases referred to in Article 38, the party should issue to the Immigration Agency and in the cases referred to in Article 38, the information relating to the acquisition and loss of nationality in the field of nationality for the purposes of determining the status of citizenship, and shall assist the Access to documents where assistance may reasonably be required of him.

ARTICLE 40
Mutual reporting obligations of the authorities

The Finnish Immigration Service will inform the population information system of its decision on Finnish citizenship. (9.11.2007)

The Maistraatti informs the Finnish Immigration Service of a child born in Finland if the parents of the child are stateless in the population data system or if their parents' citizenship is unknown. (9.11.2007)

Following a declaration by a Finnish delegation of a person's wish to retain Finnish nationality, or a police or consular post, a Finnish passport was issued for 18 years, but a person under 22 years of age is informed by the police or representation The population information system. A similar notification shall be issued by the General Staff or the Civilian Centre where a Finnish citizen of less than 22 years of age has performed a military or civil service in Finland. The preservation of Finnish citizenship under Article 34 shall be entered into the system before the person reaches the age of 22. (28.11.2011)

However, the notification referred to in paragraph 3 shall not be necessary if the person concerned has had a municipality of residence in Finland for a period of at least seven years.

Chapter 7

Appeals appeal

ARTICLE 41 (9.11.2007)
Appeals against the decision of the Immigration Service

An appeal against a decision taken by the Office under this law may be appealed to the administrative court, as in the case of administrative law (18/06/1996) Provides.

ARTICLE 42 (7.8.2011)
Appeals against the decision of administrative court

In the case referred to in Articles 32 and 33, the administrative right shall be subject to appeal as laid down by the Law on Administrative Law. An appeal against any other decision of the administrative court may be lodged only if the Supreme Administrative Court grants an appeal.

The right of appeal shall also be lodged with the Immigration Office in so far as the decision of the administrative court has been annulled or amended by the Immigration Service Decision.

L to 17/2015 Article 42 will enter into force on 1 January 2016. The previous wording reads:

ARTICLE 42 (9.11.2007)
Appeals against the decision of administrative court

The administrative court's decision under this law may be appealed to the Supreme Administrative Court. The right of appeal shall also be lodged with the Immigration Office in so far as the decision of the administrative court has been annulled or amended by the Immigration Service Decision.

Chapter 8

Outstanding provisions

ARTICLE 43
Applicant for the application and notification

The applicant may be granted Finnish nationality on application or notification only in conjunction with the applicant. The applicant shall not be subject to the conditions for the applicant in accordance with Chapter 4.

Paragraph 2 has been repealed by L, 28.11.2014/971. (28.11.2011)

ARTICLE 44
Initiation of application and notification

The application and notification referred to in this Act shall be lodged personally with the police. An application for exemption from the nationality of Finland and the notification referred to in Article 26 of the child, the declaration of adoption referred to in Article 27 and the declaration referred to in Article 29 (1) may also be lodged with the Finnish delegation or the honorary consulate. On behalf of the applicant, the application or notification shall be made and submitted by his/her guardian or guardian. The applicant and the applicant's child shall be present at the time of application or notification. (28.11.2011)

The identity of the applicant or the child shall be checked by the police on behalf of the applicant or the child. If an applicant or an applicant has his own travel document or identity card, the identity of the child shall also be checked by the police. If the notification is initiated outside Finland, the identity shall be verified by the delegation.

The extension of the application and notification after the verification in accordance with paragraph 2 shall be subject to the payment of the processing fee for the Finnish Immigration Service. The payment is determined by the State (150/1992) In accordance with More detailed provisions are laid down in a regulation by the Ministry of the Interior. (9.11.2007)

For the handling of cases under this law in honorary consults, administrative law shall apply. (2003) . (9.11.2007)

Electronic transactions shall be governed by the law on electronic transactions (2003) . Where an application or notification has been submitted electronically, the identification referred to in paragraph 2 shall be carried out before the final decision is taken and the processing fee referred to in paragraph 3 shall be carried out before the examination of the application is initiated. (25.5.2007/620)

ARTICLE 45
Appendices to the applicant

The applicant shall include an explanation as referred to in Article 17 of his application for citizenship of his or her Finnish or Swedish language and an explanation as referred to in Article 13 (1) (5) as to how he/she can earn a living in Finland. However, there is no need for language clearance if the applicant is a child under 15 years of age. If the application has been completed by an applicant for 15 years, the applicant shall include in his application an explanation of the art of the Finnish or Swedish language. If the child reaches 15 years after the initiation of the application, but before it is resolved, the explanation of his linguistic knowledge shall be attached to the application. (20.5.2010)

If the applicant wishes to invoke one of the exceptions of this law in support of his application, he shall attach to his application a statement to which he bases his claim.

ARTICLE 46
Acquisition of further reports

An applicant may be required to include in his/her citizenship application a declaration equivalent to a criminal record issued by a foreign authority in respect of the States in which the applicant or the applicant for a period of 15 years has stayed for at least two years if such The explanation is reasonably available. Alternatively, the applicant may consent to the acquisition of such a report.

An application may be made for an opinion from the protection police, the Central Criminal Police, the General Staff and the relevant social authority.

The Immigration Service, the Protection Officer and the Central Criminal Police may invite the applicant to provide the information necessary for the processing of the application or notification. Where possible, these authorities shall also interview the applicant. Where an application or notification has been initiated abroad, the Finnish delegation may, at the request of the Office for Immigration, invite the applicant to provide the information necessary for the examination of the case. (28.11.2011)

The applicant may also be required to provide further clarification if it is necessary to establish the conditions for the acceptance of the application or notification.

§ 47 (9.11.2007)
Documents to be submitted to the Immigration Agency

The document to be submitted to the authority related to the application, notification or status of citizenship referred to in this Act shall be original. The Finnish Immigration Service may also accept a certified copy of the document if such a copy can be considered as reliable.

A document issued by a foreign authority shall be legalised or accompanied by a certificate issued by the competent authority of the State concerned, unless it is manifestly unnecessary to legalise or attach a certificate. The applicant or any other party shall, on its own initiative, ensure that the document is translated into Finnish or Swedish. The Immigration Office may also accept a non-legalised document and a document which does not contain the above certificate and a document which has not been translated if it is justified on the basis of that document and the quality of the case.

An electronic document, as provided for in the Act on electronic business, may be approved by the Immigration Office if the document can be considered as reliable.

ARTICLE 48 (9.11.2007)
Right to information from registers

In order to carry out the tasks entrusted to it by law, the Immigration Agency shall also have the right, without prejudice to the rules of confidentiality, to obtain free of charge, as agreed with the controller concerned, information which is: Necessary to establish the conditions for obtaining, maintaining, losing and emancipating Finnish citizenship and determining the status of citizenship, as follows:

(1) the operational information system of the Border Guard;

(2) information on the penalty register; and

(3) information on the revenue and assets of the taxable person and other tax information on the tax administration's information systems.

The right to obtain information from the criminal record is punishable by a criminal record (770/1993) .

The information referred to in paragraph 1 may be obtained by means of a technical service or in a technical form. Before opening a technical service, the Immigration Office shall provide a statement to the staff registry administrator that the data protection is adequately protected.

ARTICLE 49
Communication of contact information

A person shall be required to inform the relevant authority of his/her own initiative, as referred to in this Act, of their contact details and their amendments.

§ 50
Decision and notification thereof

There is no need to justify a positive decision made to an applicant under this law. When a decision is only partially positive, or when a positive decision on a child has been taken against the will of another parent or child, the decision is justified.

A positive decision and decision on the determination of the status of the citizen may be served by sending a decision by post to the address indicated by him. The addressee shall be deemed to have been informed of the decision in Finland no later than seven days and abroad no later than 30 days after the sending of the letter, unless otherwise displayed. (20.5.2010)

Any non-claimant decision shall be served by post against a recovery certificate. The decision may also be handed over to the consignee or to his representative on the basis of the applicant's, his/her guardian or his/her guardian's authorisation. The notification shall then be accompanied by a written certificate showing the supplier and the recipient of the service and the date of service. If a service abroad is not received, the document shall be served in Finland by means of a general service as provided for in the law on service in administrative matters (232/1966) .

The decision taken in accordance with Article 44 (5) of the applicant may be notified in accordance with the law provided for by the Law on electronic transactions. (25.5.2007/620)

L for service in administrative matters 232/1966 Has been repealed by L 434/2003 , see Management L 434/2003 ARTICLE 63 . See. L e-business for public authorities 13/2003 Articles 18 and 19.

ARTICLE 51
More detailed provisions

The decree of the Council of State provides for more detailed information on the role of the authorities in the initiation and handling of the application, notification and status, in the context of the initiation of proceedings The Honorary Consulate and the organisation of mutual cooperation between the authorities in order to coordinate their efforts and to provide information on matters relating to Finnish citizenship.

The tasks entrusted to the Representation in this Act shall be provided by the consular services of Finland (498/1999) And the Regulation adopted pursuant to it. (28.11.2011)

Chapter 9

Entry and transitional provisions

ARTICLE 52
Entry into force

This Act shall enter into force on 1 June 2003.

This law repeals the nationality law of 28 June 1968. (101/1968) With subsequent amendments ( Previous law ).

Before the law enters into force, action can be taken to implement it.

ARTICLE 53
General transitional provisions

Following the entry into force of the Act, this law shall be subject to the following exceptions.

Following the entry into force of the Act, the applicant and the applicant shall, in lieu of Article 13 (1) (2), be subject to the residence condition of the earlier law, if the applicant is brought before the date of the application for citizenship. Fulfils the condition of residence of the previous law and if the application for citizenship is brought within one year of the entry into force of the law.

However, the nationality application referred to in paragraph 2 shall be subject to the provisions relating to the period of residence collected by this Act, provided that they result in a more favourable outcome to the applicant.

ARTICLE 54
Cases pending when the law enters into force

At the time of entry into force of this Act, the pending notification and application of citizenship shall be governed by an earlier law as regards the conditions for the acquisition and preservation of nationality, as well as in Article 8b (1) and (3) of the earlier Law , the provisions relating to the loss or retention of the nationality of the former law.

Upon the entry into force of this Act, a residence condition under the previous law shall apply if, at the time of entry into force of this Act, the applicant's actual residence and home is and has been in Finland at least the previous In accordance with the residence time requirement and the maintenance condition laid down in the previous law. However, the application shall be subject to the provisions relating to the period of residence collected by this law if they lead to a more favourable outcome to the applicant.

Upon the entry into force of this Act, an application for a nationality under an earlier law or provisions of Article 13 (1) (3), (3) to (5) and Article 19 of this Act shall apply, according to which the applicant shall: More favourable outcome.

On the occasion of the entry into force of this Act, the application for citizenship and the application of citizenship shall apply in the case of a report on the competence of Finnish or Swedish (699/1985), (2) and Article 5 (2).

ARTICLE 55
Conditional citizenship decision

In the period laid down in Article 4 (3) of the previous law, Article 11 (1) of the previous law may be applied within the prescribed period.

The Agency may, at the written request of the applicant referred to in paragraph 1, decide to withdraw the condition if the request has been made within the time limit specified in the decision. If the condition is also applicable to a fellow applicant, the removal of the condition shall, in addition to the written request of the applicant, require the consent of the applicant's guardians and of a 12-year-old. In addition, the decision shall apply mutatis mutandis as regards the consultation of the child and the guardian in this Act. If, after the adoption of the decision, the co-claimant has completed 18 years or married, he shall request the deletion of the condition. (9.11.2007)

The foreigner shall become a Finnish citizen on the basis of paragraph 1 on the date when the Finnish Immigration Service concludes that the condition has been fulfilled. If, in accordance with paragraph 2, the Finnish Immigration Service decides to withdraw the condition of the decision, Finnish citizenship shall be deemed to have been obtained on the date on which the decision to abolish the condition has been taken. (9.11.2007)

ARTICLE 56
Application of the existing anti-citizenship legislation in force

The provisions on the loss of citizenship of the Finnish citizenship legislation in force in the past must not be applied if, as a consequence of the application of those provisions, a stateless person would become a consequence of the application of those provisions.

ARTICLE 57
Maintaining citizenship under the previous law

Article 34 of this Act does not apply to a person who is 22 years after the entry into force of the law, who has been found to retain Finnish nationality on the basis of Article 8b (1) or (3) of the previous law. Moreover, Article 34 of this Act does not apply to a person who is 22 years old after the entry into force of the law, who has been given a decision on the retention of nationality within the meaning of Article 8b (2) of the previous law.

ARTICLE 58
Declaration by father on the basis of Finnish citizenship

A foreigner born out of wedlock before the entry into force of this Act shall be informed of Finnish citizenship if the father was born of his or her nationality and the paternity has been confirmed. The notification may also be made if the father had died when the child was born, but when he died, he was a Finnish citizen and the paternity was confirmed. The notification shall be made within five years of the entry into force of this Act.

ARTICLE 59
Declaration of citizens of children under 12 years of age

The adoptive child under 12 years of age shall be informed of Finnish citizenship if the decision on child sex has been taken before the entry into force of this Act. In addition, it is required that at least one of the adopters is a Finnish national and that child sex is valid in Finland. The notification shall be made within five years of the entry into force of this Act.

ARTICLE 60
Declaration of citizenship on the deadline

A former Finnish citizen shall receive Finnish citizenship in the event of a loss of Finnish citizenship before the entry into force of this Act:

1) Law on the loss of Finnish citizenship (181/1927) (1);

2) Law on the acquisition and loss of Finnish citizenship (325/1941) Article 10;

(3) citizenship law (401/1968) § 8; Or

(4) The Act amending the Nationality Act (584/1984) Based on.

A foreigner who has completed 18 years shall receive Finnish citizenship in the event of his:

(1) the parents have acquired Finnish citizenship in any other way than by nationals; and

(2) the parents were a Finnish national when this law entered into force, or if the parent was dead before the entry into force of this law, but was a Finnish national when he died; or

(3) a parent would have the right to obtain Finnish citizenship under paragraph 1 or, in the case of a deceased parent, the conditions under Article 1 (1) for the recovery of Finnish citizenship.

However, a person who is a former Finnish national who has been exempted from Finnish citizenship is not entitled to Finnish citizenship under paragraph 2.

The notification referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be made within five years of the entry into force of this Act.

ARTICLE 61
Initiation of the declaration of citizenship

In addition to the provisions of Article 44, the declaration referred to in Articles 58 to 60 may also be lodged with the relevant Finnish diplomatic representation, consulate or honorary consulate.

The declaration may also be sent by post. In such cases, the notice of initiation shall be subject to the payment of the treatment fee referred to in Article 44 (3). The Delegation shall be sent by post on the basis of a posted declaration and, where appropriate, further explanations by means of the verification of the identity of the applicant. If it is not possible otherwise to check the identity of the person concerned, the Finnish diplomatic representation or the consulate, headed by a seconded official, may make the extension of the notification conditional on the applicant being personally represented in the delegation. Following a notification sent to it, the Honorary Consulate shall, where appropriate, ask the other representative to make such a decision.

§ 62
Retention of nationality for 22 years

In accordance with Articles 58 and 60 of the Finnish citizenship, the applicant shall be deemed sufficient in accordance with Article 34 (2) on the basis of the declaration of nationality he lodged in Finland, if the applicant has reached 18 but not for 22 years.

THEY 235/2002 , No 8/2002, EV 253/2002

Entry into force and application of amending acts:

15.7.2005/596:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 September 2005.

THEY 6/2005 , 12/2005, EV 92/2005

25.5.2007/620:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 June 2007.

THEY 156/2006 , HaVM 37/2006 EV 311/2006

9.11.2007/97:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 January 2008.

Before the law enters into force, measures may be taken to implement the law.

THEY 90/2007 , PVM 4/2007, EV

8.5.2009/327:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 June 2009.

THEY 166/2007 , HaVM 26/2008, EV 4/2009

20,2011/579:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 September 2011.

Upon entry into force of this Act, a pending citizenship application shall be subject to the condition of probity or the condition of knowledge of languages at the time of entry into force of the law, if the application of that condition leads to the applicant in favour of a more favourable Outcome.

If, upon entry into force of this Act, a pending notice of receipt under Article 60 has been lodged after the expiry of the period laid down in Article 60 (4), the applicant shall not be charged a new processing fee for the purposes of Article 29 of this Act, If he fulfils the conditions laid down in Article 29 for the acquisition of nationality.

Before the law enters into force, measures may be taken to implement the law.

THEY 80/2010 , EV 270/2010,

28.11.2014/97:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 January 2015.

THEY 102/2014 , UAVM 12/2014, EV 129/2014

10.4.2015/409

This Act shall enter into force on 1 May 2015.

HE 215/2014 , LaVM 18/2014, EV 260/2014

7.8.201527:

This Act shall enter into force on 1 January 2016.

In the case of appeals before the entry into force of this Act, the provisions in force at the time of entry into force of this Act shall apply.

THEY 230/2014 , LaVM 26/2014, EV 319/2014