193/2007 Sb.
Decree
of 17 May. July 2007,
laying down the details of the effectiveness of the use of energy in the event of divorce
thermal energy and heat energy inside the divorce and cold
The Ministry of industry and trade shall be determined according to § 14 para. 5 of law No.
406/2000 Coll. on energy management, as amended by law No. 177/2006 Coll.
(hereinafter referred to as the "Act") to implement section 6 (1). 9 of the Act:
§ 1
The subject of the edit
(1) this Decree incorporates the relevant provision of the European
Community ^ 1). Sets out requirements for the effectiveness of the use of energy in the newly
established by the devices for the distribution of thermal energy, and for the internal distribution of
heat and cold, and on the facilities these devices thermal
insulation, control and management of the
and, hot-water and steam) of hot-water network and for the distribution of hot
water and cold including connections, with the exception of cooling water from the energy
and technological processes, which dissipates heat energy into the surrounding
environment,
b) pass-through or heat exchange stations,
c) internal distribution of heat energy, cooling, and hot water in the
buildings (hereinafter referred to as "internal distribution").
(2) Furthermore, this Decree provides for the detection of heat loss
a device for the distribution of heat energy and the internal distribution of heat energy,
cold and hot water.
(3) this Ordinance shall apply to the distribution of thermal equipment and internal
distribution of heat energy and cold used to supply heat energy
residential objects or objects together housing for technological
purposes and for non-residential premises.
§ 2
The effectiveness of the use of energy in the event of divorce, the thermal energy
(1) heat network is dimenzuje, so that annual usage its ability
transfer of heat energy was the greatest. Where the optimization
calculation, respecting the economically efficient energy savings, convenience
a separate pipeline to operate outside the heating period, dimenzuje,
piping referred to in economic measurement of pressure loss.
(2) the effectiveness of the use of energy in terms of its transport and in terms of
heat loss is determined by the formula set out in annex 1 to this
the Decree.
(3) when designing new and reconstruction of existing heat networks
is it a solution for that has a minimum value of energy
performance in terms of thermal energy transport étac and maximum value
efficiency in terms of heat loss étaz. The minimum values of respectively
the maximum values may not be complied with if it is designed better
solution based on an optimization calculation taking account of the economically
efficient energy savings. Circulating pump with nepředimenzovává and
It is proposed in the vicinity of its highest energy efficiency.
(4) under operating conditions the effectiveness of the use of energy in terms of
heat loss evaluates étaz once a year.
§ 3
Heat-carrying medium and its parameters in the heat of a divorce
(1) for the heating and hot water, and everywhere, where, for a given
purpose, it is sufficient for the transfer of elects the heat energy hot
water up to 90 ° C or 115 ° C, hot water above 115 ° C will be used
for large heat networks intended to supply the large housing estates, municipalities
and remote customers. Steam as the heat-carrying medium, it's just there,
where is the Thermo-technically well-founded and justified optimization
calculation, and in particular for technological purposes.
(2) Calculated the temperature in the return pipe is chosen lower than or equal to 70
degrees C higher than 70 degrees C, in particular because of the accumulation of heat in the
the network, it is necessary to justify the optimization calculation, respecting
economically efficient energy savings.
(3) Warm or hot water for space heating during the heating period
maintains in accordance with weather conditions on the temperature necessary for
ensure the supply of heat energy required to achieve thermal comfort
users connected residential and non-residential premises.
(4) the pressure in the hot-water and hot-water network is in operation, maintains at a level
that ensures that in any part of a pipeline or in the attached sampling
the device does not heat water has evaporated. In the return pipe
maintains a permanent overpressure.
(5) steam parameters are chosen so that, with regard to the loss of pressure and temperature
on the network meet the requirements of all connected customers and to
the transport was limited by the condensation in the pipes. To do this, we shall take into account
When dimensioning the pipes.
(6) during the reconstruction of steam heating network, steam as the heat-carrying medium
Replace in accordance with paragraph 1, warm or hot water in
all parts or separate circuits, where heat is supplied
energy for heating and hot water, or for the technological
purposes.
§ 4
The internal distribution of heat energy
(1) the thermal energy each appliance, shall be with the shut-off valve
the ability, if its technical solutions and the use of permits. Each
radiator valve with shut-off and equips the regulatory capabilities with
regulator to ensure local control and a two-point connection,
except for one-pipe heating systems, whether or not the regulatory nipple, if
This is not the case under § 7 para. 5.
(2) every steam appliance including steam divorce or technically
justifiable cases, a group of appliances shall be suitably elected
condensate drain, preventing entry into pairs in the condensate
the pipeline, with the exception of the appliances with power control on the side of the condensate.
Each steam the appliance connected to the involvement in the common
drain CAP are kitted out with feedback and closing valves.
(3) For heating systems with forced circulation of heat-carrying medium non-manufacturing objects
the temperature of the heat-carrying medium is selected on input to the radiator to 75th.
C. heating with natural circulation heating water temperature is selected
flow at the inlet to the radiator a maximum of 90 degrees C.
(4) to lower the temperature and the use of evaporation in the kondenzátním system
install chillers that provide cooling of condensate under 100
(C).
(5) heat energy transmitted to the heated space of uninsulated
the pipeline is considered permanent heat gain, which will be considered in the design
thermal performance of radiators according to tables 1 and 2 listed in annex
No 2 to this Decree, if the design temperature of the heat-carrying medium in
divorce is equal to or higher than 60 degrees C Mount pipe to heating
the housing is up from 2 respects m.
§ 5
Thermal insulation equipment for the distribution of heat energy and the internal distribution of
thermal energy for heating and technological purposes, and for the distribution of hot
water
(1) the portion of the heat network, which passes through the netemperovanými premises, with
the substance at a temperature higher than 40 ° C not used for tempering
spaces, which goes through, shall be equipped with thermal insulation. If you need to
ensure the cooling of condensate under specified temperature and the cooling is not
available in dochlazovačích that allow the use of
heat, then it is possible in rare cases, do not install the insulation on the
drain pipes and tanks.
(2) thermal insulation protects against mechanical damage. External
the surface of the isolated pipes are adjusted so that was resistant to the outside
environment and sunlight. Thermal insulation prevents condensation
measures to protect against atmospheric moisture, at bezkanálového
the natural moisture in the cables in channels against
ground and surface water in these channels.
(3) thermal insulation for interior distribution systems with distributed substance in 115th.
(C) is proposed so that its surface temperature is less than 20 K higher
compared with the ambient temperature and on the internal wiring with the substance above the 115
C less than 25 K compared to the ambient temperature, if not on the basis of § 5
paragraph. 4 unless otherwise specified.
(4) On all internal pipes must be installed thermal insulation,
If not intended for heating or tempering the surrounding space, with
the exception concerning the kondenzátních piping and tanks.
(5) Isolation valves and flanges shall be carried out as removable. The insulation is
not required for valves, where it threatened their function or substantially
makes handling them.
(6) the minimum thickness of thermal insulation of valves is chosen the same as for
the pipes of the same nominal diameter.
(7) in calculating heat loss with heat loss through non-insulated distribution
fixtures, saving, and the correction factor affect the compensators
the time on the length of the pipe
and save for bezkanálového 1.15),
(b)), while keeping in the sewers, 1.25
(c)) for overhead or ground lead 1.30.
(8) for the thermal insulation of wiring materials having a coefficient of
thermal conductivity lambda separation less than or equal to 0.045 W/m. K and u
internal wiring less or equal to 0.040 W/m. K (lambda values given
at 0 ° C), if it do not exclude safety requirements.
(9) in the case of divorce, the thickness of the thermal insulation provides the calculation so that the
heat transfer coefficient expressed on unit length of pipe at was
less than or equal to the values specified in annex No. 3.
(10) at higher operating temperatures over 90 degrees C is for internal
proportionally, reinforced insulation thickness distribution systems to comply with the requirement
in accordance with paragraph 3.
(11) for internal distribution, the minimum thickness of the heat insulation (diz-
(d))/2 sets out the calculation so that the heat transfer coefficient on CVT
unit length of pipe at was less than or equal to the value specified in the annex
No. 3 to this Decree and satisfy the provisions of paragraph 3.
The calculation shall be carried out according to the relation shown in annex 3. In internal
distribution of plastic and copper thickness of thermal insulation is chosen according to the
the outer diameter of the pipe nearest the outside diameter of the pipe in DN series.
(12) for the smaller diameter than the internal DN 10 to determine the
the thickness of the thermal insulation shall take into account the izolačnímu logical neřešitelnému
conflict.
§ 6
Transfer stations and their equipment
(1) each source of heat energy for central heating, or it
the attached transfer station to the efficient management of security
thermal energy and equilibrium between production and consumption of thermal
energy equip equipment automatically regulates the temperature of the heat transfer
substances, in particular, depending on the weather conditions or
in relation to the outdoor temperature indoor temperature in the heated space or
by load or pressure regulator steam. The requirement does not apply to
boiler room with násypnými solid fuel boiler.
(2) in the sampling device permanently keeps the heat pressure difference in
the amount, which allows regulation of heating and hot water temperature at the
consumers.
(3) transfer stations should preferably be established separately for each
customer. A joint station for more customers during the reconstruction
preferably replace the stations for each customer.
(4) when designing regulation in the transfer stations shall
the adoption of a technically good while maintaining economic
advantage.
(5) preparation of hot water is always addressed as transfer stations
pressure-independent with the Department of ohřívající and heated fl
the heat exchange surface.
(6) the transfer station is being equipped with automatic temperature control
heat-carrying medium. The type of regulation is chosen according to the maximum
available heat energy savings and in accordance with paragraph 4.
(7) in the primary for the divorce of new or reconstructed
transfer stations will carry out measures that prevent exceeding the maximum
permissible flow rate on the primary side of the divorce at the Subscriber. In steam
heat networks are installed heat consumption limiter.
(8) steam transfer station are of such a station, where is the primary
the substance water vapor. For the supply of water vapor is carried out
measures to ensure that the primary substance in the place of connection of the pass-through
the station has not been wet steam.
(9) the internal distribution of heat energy and heat energy sources in the
transfer stations will be thermal insulation according to § 5.
§ 7
Regulation and control the supply of heat energy
(1) the circulation pumps are designed for nominal flow and pressure loss
the main service branches of the divorce.
(2) the circulation pumps in the transfer stations and in heating systems with
the nominal heat output of 50 kW are being equipped with automatic continuous
or at least a three-level speed control, unless a way
operation of the pumps.
(3) sources of thermal energy, which provide a central heating, residential
individual and local, is being equipped with automatic control, allowing
centrally to reduce or shut down the supply of heat energy, as well as
turn on and turn off electrical equipment to ensure the transport of heat
energy depending on the outdoor temperature or any indication.
The choice of the kind of regulatory favors a requirement of maximum heat savings
energy. The requirement does not apply to the solid fuel boiler hopper.
(4) of the appliance to the local regulations, so as to achieve the
taking into account the heat gains from solar and internal heat gains. U
groups of appliances and rooms for groups of the same type, and the type of usage in
nebytovém object is permitted a group of regulation.
(5) to ensure the economical, quiet and trouble-free operation of the entire
the heating system shall apply the appropriate technical means.
(6) in the case of a divorce the divorce of thermal energy and the internal heating and hot water
to adjust flow rates to match the projected nominal
the flows with a maximum deviation of +-15%. The adjustment of the flow rate shall be determined
measurement in the individual branches of the heating system. The measurement is performed at
putting into service, after the removal of serious operational deficiencies in the
insufficient supply or overheating of any customer or
consumer and device changes that affect the pressure conditions in the
the network, in particular when connecting new and cessation of existing customers
or consumers. The Protocol for the measurement and flow setting is permanently
saved by divorce or internal distribution.
§ 8
Thermal insulation of hot water storage tanks and expansion vessels
(1) the minimum thickness of the thermal insulation of reservoirs of hot water and
Open expansion vessels is 100 mm when using insulating material
with a coefficient of thermal conductivity lambda smaller or equal to 0.045 W/m.
(reading at a temperature of 0 degrees C). For other values of coefficients of thermal
the conductivity of the insulation thickness recalculated in order to achieve the same
or better thermal insulating properties.
(2) the minimum thickness of the thermal insulation of the passive stacks
(the accumulator) is 100 mm when using insulating material is
coefficient of heat conductivity lambda smaller or equal to 0.04 W/m.
(reading at a temperature of 0 degrees C). When the lower values for coefficients
heat conductivity of the insulation thickness recalculated in order to achieve
heat transfer coefficient U = 0.30 < W/m2. To the.
(3) in the case of long-term or seasonal thermal energy storage tanks thickness
Specifies the optimization calculation of the thermal insulation which is economically
efficient energy savings.
§ 9
Distribution of cooling agents, their thermal insulation and regulation and control
cold supply
(1) distribution and internal tubing with engineers design based on
optimization calculation of respecting the economically efficient savings
energy.
(2) the distribution and the internal tubing with the operating temperature of the cooling substance
+ 18 ° C to + 5 ° C have the insulation thickness according to § 5 para. 9 and 11.
(3) for the thermal insulation of internal wiring and cold with it
material having a thermal conductivity lambda less than or equal to
0.038 W/m K (lambda values given for 0 degrees C).
(4) the distribution and the internal tubing with the operating temperature of the cooling substance
less than + 5 ° C shall be thermal insulation with a minimum thickness of
the 1.5 times the thickness determined in accordance with § 5 para. 9 and 11.
(5) for the inner tubing diameter of less than DN 10
the thickness of the thermal insulation design shall take into account to izolačnímu logically
neřešitelnému conflict.
(6) the surfaces of the coupling head and the thermal insulation shall be suitable
continuous vapour layer to prevent penetration of moisture diffusion process
water vapour for protection of the insulation is also valid § 5 para. 2. thermal
isolation bearing on the outside surface of a metallic coating, when
operating temperatures lower than + 15 ° C on all the connections must affix the
still elastic sealant against the diffusion of humidity diffusion resistance factor
My > 7000.
(7) if it is not affixed to the outer surface of the heat insulation waterproof coating
or utěsňovaným sheet metal, the heat insulation factor
water vapour diffusion resistance my > 5000.
(8) for distribution with the operating temperature lower than + 15 ° C is
do not use the isolation. In the temperature range 0 to + 15 ° C is their use
only possible in combination with capillary-conductive fabric.
(9) when installing the pipes and dopěňování of polyurethane insulation is
follow the manufacturer's process piping.
(10) the thermal insulation shall be carried out so that no cables, scanning
water pipes, etc. If it is necessary that the insulation of the conductor walked,
a special thermal insulation bushing is properly zaizolovaná and
sealed against diffusion.
(11) the thermal insulation shall be carried out so that the pipe and heat
insulation prevent condensation of moisture from the air.
(12) the minimum thickness of thermal insulation of cold storages shall be determined
optimization calculation, which is an economically efficient savings
energy.
(13) each source of cold, or attached to it, transfer station,
to secure the efficient management of the cold and to secure
equilibrium between production and consumption of cold is dispatching equipment
automatically controlling cooling capacity depending on the need.
(14) when designing regulation of delivery method are chosen according to the cold
technical-economic calculation is the best.
(15) the source of cold to the regulation allowing centrally will reduce or
shut down the supply of cold, as well as on and off electrical
facilities for the supply of cold and regulating sources of cold, in
Depending on the indication, specifying. When choosing the type of regulation
prefers a requirement of maximum savings.
(16) in the case of divorce the cold and the internal cooling adjusts flow rates of divorce
to match the projected nominal flows with a maximum
a tolerance of +-12%. The adjustment of the flow rate of cooling of a substance shall be demonstrated by measuring
in the various branches of the system. The measurement is performed in the
the operation, after the removal of serious operational deficiencies in low
supply and equipment changes that affect the pressure conditions in the
the network, in particular when connecting new and cessation of existing customers
or consumers. The Protocol for the measurement and flow setting is permanently
saved by divorce or the internal divorce cold.
§ 10
Methods of detection of heat loss and profits in divorce
heat, cold and hot water
(1) in the operating conditions are used for the detection of heat loss
and profits in facilities for the distribution of thermal energy, cold and hot water
methods of operation.
(2) for operational methods are not strictly defined and the measurement of temperature is
dependent on the capabilities of the measuring method. The precision of the measured values, IE.
heat flow. the thermal conductivity, is worse than the 5%. Operating
methods to verify the thermal insulation properties of the particular thermal conductivity
and heat losses.
(3) the Protocol from the operational measurements shall be recorded
and) date, time and length measurement
(b)) a technical description of the measurement equipment and measuring point,
(c)) the dimensions of the measured insulation, pipe diameters, in particular the composition and thickness of the
layers,
(d)) kind of insulation material and its status,
e) operating temperature, ambient temperature, climatic conditions.
(4) methods of operation are Schmidtova, thermal and calorimetric. Description
operating methods is given in annex 4 to this notice.
(5) due to the heat flow measurement is made
and heat flow at steady), in the time period when the temperature does not change
the internal and external environment or the ambient air flow speed
(stationary method),
(b)) when an unsteady heat flow, controlled heating or
cooling, while the discovery of the time for which the other party
the isolated plate heats up or cools down. As for the laboratory methods with higher
inaccuracies and the inability to determine the mean temperature (non-stationary method).
§ 11
Regulation (EEC)
Shall be repealed:
1. Decree No. 151/2001 Coll., laying down details of the effectiveness
the use of energy in the event of divorce divorce of thermal energy and internal heat
energy.
2. Decree No. 153/2001 Coll., laying down details of destination
the effectiveness of the use of energy in transmission, distribution and internal divorce
electric energy.
§ 12
The effectiveness of the
This Decree shall enter into force on 1 January 2000. September 7, 2007.
Minister:
Ing. Roman v. r.
Annex 1
Determination of the efficiency of the use of energy for the distribution of thermal energy
And effectiveness of use) in terms of the transport of heat energy is determined by:
(B) the use of point of view) the effectiveness of heat loss is determined by:
where
PN pump nominal power [kW]
PSN power pump at lower than their rated [kW]
speed
QOD, and heat removed i-team by the sampling place [GJ]
QZD heat supplied source [GJ]
the number of fixed adjustable degrees of the speed at which [-]
the pump is powered by:
l aliquot part operational time pumps for heating [-]
the period when the pump is not working
m an aliquot portion of the operating hours of the pumps for heating [-]
the period when the pump is working with nominal
speed
n the aliquot part operational time pumps for heating [-]
the period when the pump is operating at reduced speeds;
for pumps with continuous variable speed thinking
n = 0.5
Annex 2
Guideline values for the thermal performance of uninsulated pipe per 1 m
the length of the
1 Vertical table divorce
--------------------------------------------------------------
The internal temperature of the water in the tube [° c]
Pipe calculation 90 85 80 75 70 65 60
the temperature of the thermal performance of uninsulated pipe
--------------------------------------------------------------
DN W/m ° c
--------------------------------------------------------------
10 20 45 40 35 30 30 25 20
15 20 60 50 45 40 35 30 30
20 20 70 65 60 50 45 40 35
25 20 90 80 70 65 55 50 40
32 20 110 100 90 80 70 60 55
40 20 125 115 100 90 80 70 60
50 20 150 140 120 110 100 85 75
--------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2 horizontal distribution
--------------------------------------------------------------
The internal temperature of the water in the tube [° c]
Pipe calculation 90 85 80 75 70 65 60
the temperature of the thermal performance of uninsulated pipe
DN you [° c] W/m
--------------------------------------------------------------
10 20 35 30 30 25 25 20 15
15 20 45 40 35 30 30 25 20
20 20 55 50 45 40 35 30 25
25 20 70 60 55 50 45 40 30
32 20 85 75 70 60 55 50 40
40 20 95 85 80 70 60 55 50
50 20 115 105 90 85 75 65 55
--------------------------------------------------------------
Annex 3
Determination of the coefficient of heat transfer in relation to the unit of length
where:
The heat transfer coefficient relative to the unit [W/mK]
the length of the
(D) the internal diameter of the pipe [m]
d outer pipe diameter [m]
DIZ outside diameter of insulation [m]
alfaiz coefficient of heat transfer on the surface of the insulation [W/m2K]
alfai coefficient of heat transfer on the inner side of tubes [W/m2K]
lambdaiz coefficient of thermal conductivity of thermal insulation [W/m K]
lambdatr thermal conductivity of the material of the pipe [W/mK]
the ambient air temperature [° c]
tiz thermal insulation surface temperature [° c]
Heat transfer coefficient on the inner side of the pipe is determined from the
the corresponding kriteriálních equations which respect the flow rate and
other physical quantities and on the outside of the thermal insulation is still
respects the radiant folder.
alfaiz = alfaiz, K + alfaiz, with
where:
alfaiz, the coefficient of heat transfer on the surface of the insulation of the conventions of [W/m2. K]
alfaiz, with the coefficient of heat transfer by radiation on the surface of the insulation [W/m2. K]
Specifying the values of the coefficients of heat transfer related to the drive
the length of the internal
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DN 10 to 15 20 to 32 40 to 65 80 to 125 150 up to 200
----------------------------------------------------------------------
U [W/mK] 0.15 0.18 0.27 0.34 0.40
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Specifying the values of the coefficients of heat transfer related to the drive
the length of the separation imposed in the country
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DN 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 175 200
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U and 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.21 0.23 0.25 0.27 0.28 0.32 0.36 0.38 0.39
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[W/mK] (B) 0.16 0.19 0.20 0.24 0.26 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.36 0.40 0.44 0.46
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And-the fixed pipeline; B-flexible pipes and tubes double (stored next to the
yourself)
When calculating the heat transfer coefficient for distribution in the country in the stored
the relationship will replace the ratio 1/alfaiz thermal resistance of the layer 1 m adjacent
soil Rz [m2. K/W].
-loose soil and sand Rz = 1.11 m2. K/W
-the rock of Rz = 0.42 m2. K/W
-soil or rock below the surface of the bottom water Rz = 0 m2. K/W
Annex 4
Operational methods of detection of heat loss and gain in
distribution of heat and cold
1) Schmidtova method
The rubber strap is lined with serial thermocouple measuring temperature difference on
the Strip thickness 2 mm. to the waist strap is zavulkanizován 60 x 5 x 600 mm.
Passport is attached to the measured surface, through which the heat flow. The
a change in temperature at the internal and external surface of the zavulkanizovaného
tape and serial thermocouples multiplier change signaling voltage in
Depending on the size of the heat flow. After the ocejchování of the Passport is obtained
a constant Passport c. multiplying the voltage on the terminal block of the withheld of passport
We obtain the value of the measured heat flow. Due to the verification of the Passport
the heat flow driven to the pipeline shall be multiplied by a correction
by a factor of. Measurement requires a stabilized state, surface to protect against
flow of ambient air, the Passport cannot be placed on a metal surface, to
avoid side losses to the waist of the hips adds more passports and measurement
requires experience of the operator.
2) thermal imaging method
This method represents a way of measuring where the thermal
the camera picks up the surface of the isolated equipment. Thermal imaging display
surface areas allows you to record the tribe lay surface temperatures
device and any defects in the insulation, which is manifested as heat
bridges. This method does not allow verification of the thermal conductivity
thermal insulation.
Thermal imaging method is suitable for a comprehensive assessment of the actual state
thermally insulated wiring and energy device.
3) Calorimetric method
Method based on the calorimetric heat equations and enables you to provide
losses or gains in the field of divorce. The measurement shall be temperature difference
flow and flow. When you use billing meters heat
vendor and invoice totals gauges on the entry for
customers can be approximately determined the heat losses of the entire network. The measured
the difference, however, includes in addition to heat loss and any inaccuracies
measuring instruments and often this method does not give reliable results.
1) directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2002/91/EC on energy
performance of buildings.