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Civil Aviation Administration Of China On Amendments To The Rules Of China Civil Aviation Air Traffic Management Decisions

Original Language Title: 中国民用航空总局关于修订《中国民用航空空中交通管理规则》的决定

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(November 4, 2007 Civil Aviation Administration of China to 190th published since November 22, 2007) under the State Council and the Central Military Commission, released on October 18, 2007 the State Council and the Central Military Commission on revising People's Republic of China decided to fly basic rules (State Council and the Central Military Commission order No. 509) and republished in the People's Republic of China flying basic rules, it was decided on July 5, 1999 with the Civil Aviation Administration of China, the 86th publishing,     Civil Aviation Administration of China on March 19, 2001 the 99th, amendments to the rules of China Civil Aviation air traffic management (CCAR-93TM-R3) the relevant provisions be amended as follows: first, article No. 216 (a) "height and height differences less than 90 meters of the aircraft pilots report" is amended as "height and height differences less than 60 metres of the aircraft pilots report".     Second, article No. 218 "mode c altitude displayed on the radar screen, the precision tolerances values of 90 m" is amended as "mode c altitude displayed on the radar screen, the precision tolerances values of 60 m".     No. 218 (a) "aircraft's mode c altitude displayed at a height of 90 meters range, you can view from on high in the flight" is amended as "aircraft's mode c altitude displayed at a height below 60 m range, you can view from on high in the flight."     No. 218 (b) "aircraft's mode c altitude is displayed in a predetermined direction change on the original height of 90 meters and above, is deemed to have left the heights" is amended as "aircraft's mode c altitude is displayed in a predetermined direction change on the original height of 60 meters and above, is deemed to have left the heights."     Will No. 218 article (three) items "aircraft rose, and declined through a a height Shi, as long as its c mode height displayed in scheduled direction Shang through this height upper and lower 90 meters Shi, is can think has through the height" modified for "aircraft rose, and declined through a a height Shi, as long as its c mode height displayed in scheduled direction Shang through this height upper and lower 60 meters Shi, is can think has through the height".     Will No. 218 article (four) items "aircraft arrived a a specified height, as long as after three times update of c mode height displayed are in the height upper and lower 90 meters range within, can considered has arrived specified height" modified for "aircraft arrived a a specified height, as long as after three times update of c mode height displayed are in the height upper and lower 60 meters range within, can considered has arrived specified height". Three, and will No. 274 article (three) items "aircraft modified airlines to prepared drop airport and change heading Hou, if original height layer meet height layer equipped with provides, should indicates its keep in original provides height layer flight; if original height layer below minimum security height, should indicates its rose to meet new heading of minimum security height layer flight; if original height layer not meet new heading of height layer equipped with, should indicates its declined 300 meters (original height layer in 6600 meters (containing) above, 12000 meters following Shi, Is should indicates its declined 600 meters) flight, if declined Hou of height may below minimum security height Shi, is should indicates its rose to meet new heading of minimum security height flight "modified for" aircraft modified airlines to prepared drop airport and change heading Hou, if original height layer meet height layer equipped with provides, should indicates its keep in original provides height layer flight; if original height layer below minimum security height, should indicates its rose to meet new heading of minimum security height layer flight     ; If the original height the height of the layer is not required by the new course is equipped with, an instruction shall be dropped to the level required by the new course flight, if after falling height may be lower than the minimum safe altitude, the instruction shall be increased to the minimum safety altitude required by the new course. "     Four, and according to People's Republic of China flight basic rules 80th article first paragraph, will No. 332 article (a) items 3 accounts "vertical interval: height in 8400 meters (containing) above Shi is less than 200 meters or height in 8400 meters (not containing) following Shi is less than 100 meters" modified for "vertical interval: height in 12500 meters above Shi is less than 200 meters or height in 12500 meters (not containing) following Shi is less than 100 meters".     Five, and according to People's Republic of China flight basic rules 80th article first paragraph, will No. 405 article second paragraph, and third paragraph "really route angle in 0 degrees to 179 degrees range within of, flight height layer according to following method divided: (a) height by 900 meters to 8100 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (ii) height in 9000 meters above, each across 1200 meters for a height layer. True course 180 degrees to 359 degrees wide, flight level in accordance with the following approaches: (a) the height from 600 m to 8400 m, every 600 meters to a level, (ii) at an altitude of 8400 meters or more, every 1200 meters height layers into one.     "Modified for" really route angle in 0 degrees to 179 degrees range within of, flight height layer according to following method divided: (a) height by 900 meters to 8100 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (ii) height by 8900 meters to 12500 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (three) height in 12500 meters above, each across 1200 meters for a height layer. Really route angle in 180 degrees to 359 degrees range within of, flight height layer according to following method divided: (a) height by 600 meters to 8400 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (ii) height by 9200 meters to 12200 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (three) height in 13100 meters above, each across 1200 meters for a height layer. "Six, and according to People's Republic of China flight basic rules 14th article third paragraph, will No. 412 article first paragraph" route waiting for airspace of flight height layer equipped with, from 600 meters to 8400 meters, each across 300 meters for a height layer; from 8400 meters above, each across 600 meters for a height layer "modified for" route waiting for airspace of flight height layer equipped with, 8400 meters following, each across 300 meters for a waiting for height layer; 8400 meters to 8900 meters for a waiting for height layer     ; Between 8900 meters and 12500 meters, waiting for a level every 300 meters and 12500 meters above, every 600 m waiting for a high floor. " Seven, and according to People's Republic of China flight basic rules 80th article first paragraph, will No. 413 article first paragraph "tower control room or into near control room control regional within of flight height, regardless of using what height table dial comes as, also regardless of heading how, aircraft Zhijian of vertical interval in 8400 meters following shall not is less than 300 meters, if control district range over 8400 meters, in 8400 meters above shall not is less than 600 meters" modified for "tower control room or into near control room control regional within of flight height     , Regardless of the altimeter dial using positive, no matter what course, vertical separation between aircraft under 12500 meters shall be not less than 300 metres ".     Been in force since November 22, 2007, at 0 o'clock of this decision.       On July 5, 1999 with the Civil Aviation Administration of China, the 86th publishing, civil aviation administration of China on March 19, 2001 the 99th, amendments to the rules of China Civil Aviation air traffic management (CCAR-93TM-R3) according to this decision and accordingly modified, republished.  Report: China Civil Aviation air traffic management rules (revised 2007) (July 5, 1999, China's general administration of civil aviation, the 86th announced, on March 19, 2001, the Civil Aviation Administration of China on amending of China Civil Aviation air traffic management rules, the decision of the first amendment, on November 4, 2007, the General Administration of civil aviation of China on amending of China Civil Aviation air traffic management rules, the decision of the second amendment) contents chapter I General provisions chapter II Section I general rules air traffic control unit air traffic controller on duty in section II third flight plans and flying forecast its fourth Flight progress strips fifth meteorological information for the sixth section altimeter and height transition seventh notices the eighth section of the section of runway visual range airport automatic Terminal information service section Nineth wake separation minimum standard tenth position report 11th air traffic communications, General     Words and using of language, and time and measurement units 12th section aircraft callsign 13th section airport training (cooked) practice flight of command and control 14th section airborne anti-hit system alarm third chapter air traffic control member license and the training first section air traffic control member license second section air traffic control member training fourth chapter airspace first section flight intelligence district second section control airspace third section danger zone, and restricted, and area Fourth section of route and route the fifth section I procedure control instrument flight control intervals section III of the second program as flight control interval within the airport maneuvering area fourth runway visual control signal select departure control and use of the fifth section of the sixth section of route control seventh Nineth approach control eighth aircraft running on water control section controls a program the sixth chapter visual flight rules     Flight control in the seventh chapter of instrument flight rules flight control in the eighth chapter of radar control section I General provisions section II secondary surveillance radar transponder used and highly recognized in section III radar radar radar handoff in the fourth section the fifth section sixth section controls the minimum interval radar seventh section, adjust the speed of the eighth section near the Nineth and regional radar control tower control     Tenth section radar into near control 11th section monitored radar into near and precision radar into near 12th section radar intelligence service 13th section radar in airport control service in the of using 14th section radar control special situation disposal Nineth chapter complex meteorological conditions and the special situation Xia of air traffic control first section complex meteorological conditions Xia of control second section to empty communications contact failure third section radio compass failure fourth section engine failure Loss of cabin pressure in the fifth section the sixth day Trek or unclear air hijacking aircraft fire in the seventh section of the air the eighth section of the Nineth day of civil aircraft intercepted tenth emergency oil 11th section search and rescue  : the tenth chapter, section I of the coordination and transfer of air traffic control units and military coordination between air traffic control units in section II and section III coordination between operators providing air traffic Control coordination service flight information service and alerting service provided in the fourth section the fifth section controls the transfer of responsibility for the coordination of the 11th chapter of accidents, errors and accident investigation section I and section II of the incident errors section III survey organizational and procedural reports 12th chapter on fourth day of air traffic sectors and the control seats set up tower control room section II section I General provisions section III approach Regional fourth section the control room the control room section of 13th air traffic control facilities ground-air communications infrastructure section III of section II of the aeronautical fixed communication infrastructure monitoring and navigation facilities section fourth fifth sixth in meteorological section of airport facilities information section I of the 14th chapter to flow management management institutions section of flow management implementation principles chapter 15th flight altitude Layers section I section II of the route and flight level routes are equipped with non-flight level routes and routes are equipped with unmanned balloons 17th chapter 16th chapter supplementary articles Annex I definitions annex II, annex III to the classification of the air traffic control unit controllers to aircraft lights or flares signal airport Visual ground signals in annex IV annex v aircraft pilots receive confirmation that the control signal signal airport approach in annex VI and     Runway lighting intensity in annex VII aircraft pilots should consult and report the air traffic incident report form in annex VIII annex IX annex x of the drawings specify the minimum speed adjustment when adjusting the speed of aircraft used standard chapter I General provisions article for the protection of civil aviation flight safety and conducted in an orderly manner, in accordance with the People's Republic of China civil aviation law and other relevant regulations of the State, these rules are formulated.     Second rule of the applicable law in the People's Republic of China airspace, and according to the parties or to participate in the provisions of international treaties, by People's Republic of China civil aircraft providing air traffic control over the high seas activities. These rules are the basis for organizing the implementation of civil aviation air traffic management.     Civil aviation authorities at all levels and units and individuals engaged in civil aviation activities, as well as flights within the flight information region in China of foreign civil aircraft pilots, shall comply with the rules.     Article III General Administration of civil aviation of China (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Aviation Administration) air traffic management Bureau, according to the country responsible for the national civil aviation air traffic management organization, including air traffic control, communications navigation surveillance, aeronautical information and meteorological services. The fourth air traffic management's mission is to effectively preserve and promote air traffic safety, maintaining the order of air traffic, protect air traffic.     Air traffic management includes air traffic services, airspace management and air traffic flow management.     The fifth air traffic service is a major part of the air traffic control, including the air traffic control service, flight information service and alerting service.     Air traffic control service's mission is to prevent the aircraft collided with the aircraft and maneuvering the aircraft colliding with obstacles, maintain and speed up the orderly flow of air traffic.     Task of flight information services are provided to aircraft in flight to safety and effective implementation of the recommendations of the flight and the intelligence.     Alerting service task is sent to interested organizations need notification of search and rescue aircraft, and, if necessary, assisting or coordinating the work of the organization.     The air traffic services provided by air traffic control units.     Sixth task is in air traffic flow management air traffic near or at the air traffic control capacity is available, make adjustments in a timely manner to ensure best air traffic flow, or by the corresponding regional, maximize the utilization of airport and airspace capacity.     Seventh airspace management tasks are established based on spatial structural conditions to achieve full use of airspace, as far as possible meet the needs of operators on airspace.     Organization and implementation of the eighth civil aviation air traffic management, should implement the "safety first, improving services towards the normal flight" approach, tightly organized, strict management and strict adherence to rules and regulations.     Nineth meaning of terms used in these rules, in Annex I to the rules set out in the definition. Second chapter General rules first section air traffic control units tenth article civil aviation air traffic control work respectively by following air traffic control units implementation: (a) airport tower air traffic control room (referred to tower control room); (ii) air traffic service report room; (three) into near control room (Terminal control room); (four) regional control room (regional control center); (five) civil aviation area authority control room (referred to authority control room); (six) CAAC air traffic tube     Council's control room (referred to as total control room). 11th air traffic control unit shall perform the following duties: (a) this tower tower control room responsible for aircraft under the jurisdiction of the start-up, taxiing, takeoff, landing and associated with powered flight controls.     Without airport tower control of automated information services, should also provide information on aircraft taking off and landing conditions.     (B) air traffic services reporting Office responsible for reviewing flight forecast and flight plan of the aircraft, to the control room and informed the flight dynamics and prediction of flight support units.     (C) the approach control room responsible for one or more aircraft at the airport, departure control.     (D) regional control rooms into this controlled aircraft in the control zone is responsible for providing air traffic control services accepted this task performed within the control zone general aviation aircraft as well as guarantees of the non-civilian airports and civil aviation aircraft flight requests, and to inform the relevant authorities responsible for control of flight forecast and dynamic.     (Five) Authority control room is responsible for supervision, and check this area authority jurisdiction range within of flight, organization coordination this area authority jurisdiction range within the control room zhiqian and control room and aircraft business people harbor sector Zhijian flight work of implementation; control this area authority jurisdiction range within of flight flow, coordination processing special situation Xia of flight; hosted plane flight of about work, master has important guest, and in border area and implementation special task of flight.     (F) total control room oversees about flying around the country, control the flow of national, organization, in the plane's flight control work and its dynamic, coordinate with flying in special circumstances, approve non-scheduled flights, and non-flights of foreign aircraft flight requests.     12th flight information region flight information service and alerting service provided by the appropriate air traffic control unit responsible for.     Air traffic controllers on duty in section II the 13th Tower, approach control room, regional air traffic controllers on duty (hereinafter ATC) shall not exceed 6 hours of continuous duty directly engaged in radar control controllers, their working time should not exceed 2 hours, twice the time interval shall not be less than 30 minutes.     14th the Tower, approach, regional control room control seats should be arranged 2 (or more) licensed controllers on duty.     15th controllers in 8 hours after consuming alcohol and narcotic or other drugs on duty cases, should not participate in the duty.     Section III flight forecast 16th aircraft flight in advance and flight plan flight forecast application to the air traffic control unit, flight forecast shall not be carried out without approval.     Before the new aircraft in flight for the first time, aircraft operators, should provide the air traffic control unit for all aircraft performance data.     17th aircraft operator, owner or aircraft pilot, flight should be implemented before the day before at 15 o'clock, to submit to the local air traffic services reporting Office flight forecasting applications.     18th, emergency rescue and disaster relief, emergency flight, can be exempted from this rule the 17th time restrictions apply at any time, but should be approved, in order to perform.     19th article aircraft driver or its agent should not late Yu took off Qian 45 minutes to up airport of air traffic service report room submitted flight plans, its content should including: flight task nature, and aircraft callsign, and flights,, and aircraft type don't, and airborne equipment, and vacuum speed or Mach number, and up airport, and is expected to took off time, and cruise height layer, and flight route, and destination airport, and is expected to flight time, and aircraft nationality and registration logo, and aircraft carrying oil volume, and prepared drop airport,. 20th air traffic control unit shall, in accordance with the flight traffic and airport, route protection equipment, such as aircraft flight forecast reply five hours before estimated time of departure. If the reply is not received within the specified time, as the plan has been approved.     For temporary missions, regardless of whether they agreed with their flight plans, should be approved in a timely manner, without such approval shall fly. Flight progress strips in the fourth section the 21st Tower, approach, regional air traffic control unit, Flight progress strips should be used. Before the aircraft enters the control area, the air traffic control unit shall be filled out the record of the information of the aircraft Flight progress strips.     In the aircraft during the flight, controllers received through various channels that the aircraft should be dynamic and control directives and relevant content and timely and accurately recorded in the appropriate Flight progress strips. 22nd controller in charge shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of article fill out the Flight progress strips.     Contents of the Flight progress strips record shall be arbitrarily altered.     23rd Flight progress strips should be kept for inspection, retention period is one month. Fifth section meteorological information for the 24th air traffic control units to aircraft informed the air traffic control unit and other relevant meteorological information, is subject to weather information provided by the Department.     But informed the air traffic control unit may also be reported by the pilots of aircraft observed meteorological information or control units.     25th meteorological services provided by the meteorological information and meteorological tower control room observed reality when there is a difference, tower control room shall be notified in the meteorological sector. Article 26th received aircraft in flight turbulence, icing, windshear, thunderstorms and other weather information, air traffic control units shall be to flying in the airspace of other aircraft and related meteorological departments.     Meteorological information to the meteorological departments inform the aircraft shall be informed of this aircraft type, position, height, time of observation.     The 27th after receiving important meteorological information and weather reports, if the aircraft flying in the region given the weather, the air traffic control unit to the relevant notifications.     Sixth section altimeter and height transition at 28th altimeter pressure whichever amount is provided to meteorological departments.     29th air traffic control unit to provide the aircraft altimeter is positive, shall state the names, where the positive but tower control room of the positive, place names can be omitted. 30th altimeter positive values within the airport area: (a) provide high transition and TRANSITION ALTITUDE of the airport, in the height of the TRANSITION ALTITUDE and above using the standard atmospheric pressure 101,320 kPa (760 mm Hg). In transition high and following of height using airport scenes pressure, another has provides who except; (ii) no provides transition high or transition high du and transition height layer of airport, airport scenes pressure; (three) using airport scenes pressure of airport, if Airport elevation high, dang aircraft pressure height table of pressure scale cannot adjustment to airport scenes pressure numerical Shi, can using assumes that zero points height; (four) provides has transition height and transition height layer of airport, In the height of the TRANSITION ALTITUDE and above using the standard atmospheric pressure 101,320 kPa (760 mm Hg).     Below the transition altitude and qnh height using the airport.     31st flight routes use the altimeter dial at 101,320 kPa (760 mm Hg). The 32nd foreign aircraft taking off and landing at the airport in the country, provision of airfield qnh values.     But when military and civil aircraft flying at the same airport at the same time, if a foreign aircraft pilots asked for qnh, can provide their information. 33rd transition level refers to the airport transition under high or transition height above the lowest flight level available.     If two or more near the airport, and provides the same high or transition height of transition, you can use uniform transition level. Seventh section runway depending on drive of notices 34th article led visibility or runway depending on drive below 1500 meters Shi, air traffic control units should to aircraft notices runway depending on drive numerical, notices of time by following provides: (a) on away from field aircraft, for issued ground glide license of while, but airport has automatically Terminal intelligence service system of except; (ii) on entry aircraft, for initially established communications contact Shi, and released or forward into near license Shi or radar into near began Hou as soon as possible of time; (three) on landing of aircraft,     For post or repost the landing permission at the same time, (d) runway visual range and former weather report numeric values when there is a change, the air traffic control unit shall inform aircraft pilot. 35th when dominant visibility or runway visual range lower than 1500 m, should be reported runway visual range values, namely: area numerical values, intermediate values and termination.     Numerical by lots, finger jointing strip near the runway visual range values; middle value refers to the middle of the runway near the observation value; end value refers to the value observed at the end of the runway.     Eighth section airport automatic Terminal information service at the 36th flight in years landing the airport more than 30000, in order to reduce air traffic control communication VHF air-ground communication channel loading, airport automatic Terminal information service system should be established, for arrival, departure of aircraft in service.     37th airport automatic Terminal information service announcement advertisements should be carried out on a separate frequency.     38th article airport automatically Terminal intelligence service pass broadcast should meet following requirements: (a) pass broadcast content should only limited to a airport of intelligence; (ii) pass broadcast should has continued sex and repeat sex; (three) pass broadcast message by airport air traffic control units is responsible for provides; (four) pass broadcast of Telegraph should by spell letters of form be recognition, continuity message of code should by letters of order law arranged. 39th airport automatic Terminal information service during the broadcast should be at the airport once per hour.     Information broadcast content when there are major changes, should be updated immediately. 40th article airport automatically Terminal intelligence service pass broadcast of main content for: (a) airport name; (ii) code; (three) expected into near category; (four) using runway; (five) important of runway road surface situation; (six) ground wind wind speed; (seven) visibility, and runway depending on drive; (eight) existing weather report; (nine) atmosphere temperature, and dew point, and height table dial comes as; (ten) trend type landing weather forecast; (11) other necessary of fly     Special instructions and automated information service.     41st Nineth day wake separation minimum standards to avoid wake effects between aircraft shall, in accordance with the provisions of this section are equipped with wake separation minimum standards.     42nd article tail flow interval minimum standard according to models type and set, this rules in the aircraft models type by aircraft maximum allows took off full heavy is divided into following three class: (a) heavy machine: maximum allows took off full heavy is equal to or is greater than 136,000 kilograms of aircraft; (ii) medium machine: maximum allows took off full major Yu 7,000 kilograms, is less than 136,000 kilograms of aircraft; (three) light machine: maximum allows took off full heavy is equal to or is less than 7,000 kilograms of aircraft.    43rd article current after fly away from field of aircraft for heavy machine and medium machine, and heavy machine and light machine, and medium machine and light machine, and using following runway Shi, before and after aircraft between non-radar interval of tail flow across time shall not less than 2 minutes: (a) same runway; (ii) runway center line interval is less than 760 meters of parallel runway; (three) cross runway, and Hou machine will in same height or in Qian machine zhixia not is greater than 300 meters of height through Qian machine of flight track; (D) interval greater than 760 metres of the centre line of the runway parallel to the runway, and the machine before the machine with the same height or in front less than 300 meters before the kick track machine.     Subsection (a), (b), part of the aircraft using the same runway takeoff or runway centre line parallel runway in the middle of the interval is less than 760 metres to take off, non-radar separation between aircraft before and after the wake time shall not be less than 3 minutes.     This article is (a) aircraft in training referred to in paragraph (cooked) practicing continuous flight took off, aircraft pilots can ensure that in addition to the rear than the front outside the Path of the aircraft above a height of flight, its wake interval based on the current standards plus 1 minute.     44th article currently slow approach-and-landing aircraft for the heavy and medium machine, its non-radar separation the wake time shall not be less than 2 minutes.     Current slow approach-and-landing aircraft respectively for heavy and light machine, medium and light machine, its non-radar separation the wake time shall not be less than 3 minutes.     Current slow approach-and-landing aircraft in the TRAFFIC PATTERN and are at the same height or rear aircraft when the aircraft ahead, trailing flight if the height difference is less than 300 meters or track cross flying, aircraft wake turbulence before and after the interval shall be executed in accordance with the preceding provisions of this article.     The 45th when the wind is greater than 3 per second, and takeoff and landing of aircraft wake time interval shall not be less than 1 minute and 30 seconds, but still should abide by this rule 44th on the TRAFFIC PATTERN trailing flight and cross flying regulations. 46th article before and after took off away from field or before and after into near landing of aircraft, its radar interval of tail flow interval minimum standard should according to following provides: (a) Qian machine for heavy machine, Hou machine for heavy when, many Yu 8-kilometer; (ii) Qian machine for heavy machine, Hou machine for medium when, many Yu 10-kilometer; (three) Qian machine for heavy machine, Hou machine for light when, many Yu 12-kilometer; (four) Qian machine for medium machine, Hou machine for heavy when, many Yu 6-kilometer; (five) Qian machine for medium machine, Hou machine for medium when,     Many Yu 6-kilometer; (six) Qian machine for medium machine, Hou machine for light when, many Yu 10-kilometer; (seven) Qian machine for light machine, Hou machine for heavy when, many Yu 6-kilometer; (eight) Qian machine for light machine, Hou machine for medium when, many Yu 6-kilometer; (nine) Qian machine for light machine, Hou machine for light when, many Yu 6-kilometer.     Qian paragraph provides of tail flow interval distance applies Yu using following runway: (a) same runway, a frame aircraft in another a frame aircraft yihou with height or in its Xia 300 meters within flight; (ii) two frame aircraft using same runway or center line interval is less than 760 meters of parallel runway; (three) cross runway, a frame aircraft in another a frame aircraft Hou to with height or in its Xia 300 meters within through.     Tenth position reports 47th when aircraft fly in the air, aircraft pilots annex shall, in accordance with the rules of seven of the aircraft pilots should consult and report on the location the place and time specified reporting points and controllers, flight reported to the air traffic control unit.     48th of the aircraft when flying over the position report to report should include the aircraft call sign, flying over the position report time, location, altitude, flight conditions, expected over the next reporting point or reached the landing at the airport.     49th aircraft flight time of more than expected over the position report time 3 minutes, when air traffic control unit has not yet received position reports, the controller should be immediately questioned and sought to achieve a position report.     50th air traffic control unit may at any time request en route flight reports or arrival and departure of aircraft location and flight.     11th air traffic communications, telephone conversations and the use of language, time, and unit of measurement the 51st regional, approach, tower control room controllers on duty should wear headphones, and maintain uninterrupted listening; aircraft in flight, the aircraft pilots should be listening on the prescribed frequency, without the controller's approval shall not interrupt the listening.     52nd in order to ensure smooth and efficient radio communications, traffic controllers, Flight dispatchers and pilots of aircraft radio format should be in accordance with civil aviation regulations, aircraft and control unit identification codes, abbreviations, letters and numbers spell communication priorities for the implementation of the rules and regulations. 53rd to control call should use the provisions of CAAC air traffic management Bureau terminology and specifications to ensure ground-air communication is brief, clear.     During the call, key content and similar pronunciation, meanings statements to the contrary, should repeat or repeat.     54th People's Republic of China fly China Airlines, ground-air communication in English or Mandarin, but at the same airport, calls using two languages at the same time, the controller should be taken to coordinate.     55th People's Republic of China domestic flights of foreign aircraft, irrespective of their nationality, ground-air communication in English should be used.     The 56th foreign aircraft flying in China, ground-air communication uses coordinated universal time.     57th aircraft unless special approval, but when aircraft are flying missions in the country, you should use metric measurements.     12th Festival of aircraft call sign 58th aircraft in carrying out their duties, under the radio call sign should be used.     59th aircraft radio callsign composed by one of the following forms: (a) the operator code followed by the flight number, (ii) aircraft nationality marks and registration marks; (c) aircraft models with aircraft registration mark; (d) the operator code followed by the aircraft registration mark.     The 60th State aircraft at civilian airports and flights on the route, its call sign by the aircraft sector. 61st article, such as two or more than two similar to the aircraft call sign, might lead to confusion, the air traffic control unit may direct the aircraft to change their radio call sign.     When the uncoordinated transfer of control, the air traffic control unit shall indicate that the conversion to the original call sign of aircraft. 13th airport train (cooked) training flight command and control of the 62nd Station Airport flight school is a member of the airport and airlines, training in the field of (cooked) training flight, air traffic control unit shall be approved before implementation.     Flight commander flight schools and airlines should be sent to the takeoff line command from the tower. 63rd flight commander familiar with the aircraft performance and control rules, driving qualifications or qualifications of officers.     Director of Operations Manager by the airline or flight schools (school) appointed by the Minister.     64th at the same airport, as well as training (cooked) training flights and transport flights, flight commander responsible for training (cooked) training aircraft control interval level controllers are responsible for.     65th control of combined civil-military airport in accordance with the People's Republic of China basic rules of flight rules and the implementation of the agreement of the parties. 14th airborne collision-avoidance system warning the 66th aircraft is subject to air traffic control services, air traffic controllers upon receipt of an aircraft airborne collision-avoidance system warning had been received and have begun to take notice of anti-collision maneuvers, is no longer on the interval of the aircraft and other aircraft or obstacles is responsible for.     Controller aircraft pilot reported recovery of the existing air traffic control instructions or conditions of license, may not alter the aircraft's flight path, it should be communicated to the aircraft provided aerial activity. Chapter III the air traffic controller licence training section and the air traffic controller licence 67th air traffic controllers implement a license management system. Air traffic controller licence is a licence holder's qualifications to perform tasks.     Trainee controllers should be guided by licensed controllers work.     Air traffic controller licences issued by the CAAC.     68th air traffic control personnel should receive training and on-the-job training, and pass the corresponding exam, licensing, may engage in its licensed air traffic control work.     69th air traffic controller licence is divided into the airport control tower, approach, regional, approach (precision) radar, approach (monitoring) radar, regional (monitoring) radar, air traffic services reporting Office, regulating, dispatching and control licence category. Before the 70th issue of air traffic controller licences, applicants should be theory test and technology assessment.     Examinations and assessment work authorized by the Civil Aviation Administration and air traffic control inspector.     71st air traffic controller licence applications, exam, examination, issuance, suspension, cancellation, recover, recovery, in accordance with the rules of China Civil Aviation air traffic controller license management implementation.     Section II of air traffic controller training 72nd air traffic controller training by qualified institutions.     CAAC air traffic management Bureau for air traffic control business guide teaching work. 73rd assume control of civil aviation air traffic controllers training college shall meet the following conditions: (a) the professional qualifications for air traffic control.     Air traffic control the teachers should have in actually work on the job experience in air traffic control and air traffic controller licences and air traffic control unit should also be regularly to work practice and (ii) by the Civil Aviation Administration of examination and approval of appropriate teaching materials, teaching aids and equipment.     74th article air traffic control professional of professional course main should including following content: (a) meteorology; (ii) pilot learn; (three) flight principle; (four) aircraft, and engine structure and the aircraft airworthiness sex management; (five) communications, and navigation and the radar principle; (six) transport management; (seven) aircraft performance; (eight) aircraft airborne equipment; (nine) professional English.     75th air traffic control courses mainly include the following: (a) an introduction to air traffic control, (ii) air traffic control bodies and their functions; (c) the Organization and implementation of flight; (iv) procedural control; (e) the radar control; (vi) information.     76th air traffic control before students graduate in air traffic control positions for a certain period of internship, understand the basic work of controllers.     77th institutions specialized in air traffic control to the (College) graduates get qualification of trainee controllers.     78th CAAC air traffic management Bureau is responsible for the Organization and management of air traffic controller training.     Civil Aviation Authority air traffic management is responsible for job training for air traffic controllers in the region of the organization.     79th air traffic controllers on the job training can be divided into training and business training classes, normal business training including training, skill training, refresher training, additional training, refresher training and additional training.     80th air traffic controllers on the job training, in accordance with the rules of China Civil Aviation air traffic control training management implementation.     81st article to understand the work of flight and flight crew of air, good job of flight and control coordination, improve the quality of control, the controller should be regular routes to practice, shall not be less than 2 times a year.     82nd air traffic control inspector is responsible for the operation of the air traffic control unit, air traffic controllers supervise and inspect the implementation of technology and its responsibilities.     Air traffic control inspector's responsibilities and management in accordance with the management procedure of China Civil Aviation air traffic control inspector implementation.     The fourth chapter 83rd airspace the airspace into flight information regions, control areas, restricted and danger areas, restricted areas, Airways and air routes.     84th Division of the airspace, shall conform to the route of the structure, the airport's layout, the nature of flight operations and the provision of air traffic control needs.     85th flight information region FIR the first section refers to providing flight information service and alerting service and range of space.     86th flights within the flight information region of the intelligence work by the flight information Department or by the specified units.     87th for ease in China and approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization managed by Chinese aircraft flying in airspace outside of providing flight information service, national classifications in Shenyang, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Kunming, Wuhan, Lanzhou, Urumqi, Hong Kong and Taipei flight information region of ten. 88th in order to promptly and effectively in our lost within the flight information region of aircraft for search and rescue, in the country over the sea and its designated search and rescue zone. The search and rescue area and the flight information region of the same.     Work of the search and rescue organization and implementation, in accordance with the People's Republic of China search and rescue of civil aircraft regulations.     Controlled airspace section II the 89th controlled airspace shall be based on the designated routes within the airspace structure and the Division of communications, civil aviation, meteorology, monitoring capability, so that aircraft flying within the designated airspace provide an effective air traffic control services. 90th controlled airspace is divided into a, b, c, d class. A and b, the lower limit of class c airspace shall in the airspace above the minimum safe altitude in the first level; lower bounds for class d airspace for the surface of the Earth.     A, b, c, and d airspace upper limit should be based on the provision of air traffic control situation, such as no limit, and should be consistent with the maximum cruising levels. 91st class a airspace is controlled airspace from a height.     In our territory 6600 m (or more) space divided into a altitude controlled airspace, airspace and aircraft flying in accordance with instrument flight rules flight subject to air traffic control services. 92nd class b airspace is controlled airspace at low altitude. In our territory 6600 m (not included) space above the minimum level below, divided into controlled airspace at low altitude. Aircraft flying within this airspace, flying in accordance with instrument flight rules.     If the conditions in accordance with visual flight rules, aircraft pilot applications and approved by the low altitude in control room or in accordance with the visual flight rules flight, air traffic control services and accept. The 93rd for approach control airspace class c airspace. Usually refers to one or more route junction near the airport for ease of entry and departure of aircraft in flight in controlled airspace. It is controlled airspace at low altitude in connection with the tower control airspace, the vertical range at 6000 m (including) the following minimum heights above; level range is typically a radius of 50-kilometer or corridor within the import and export of space except for the aerodrome tower control area.     Aircraft flying within this airspace, flying in accordance with instrument flight rules, visual flight rules conditions are met, the aircraft pilots to apply for, and approved by the approach control room or in accordance with the visual flight rules flight, air traffic control services and accept.     94th class d airspace for tower control of airspace, including TRAFFIC PATTERN, usually the first wait for the level (including) the space above and below the Earth's surface and the airport maneuvering area. Operation of aircraft within the airspace, flying in accordance with instrument flight rules.     If the visual flight rules conditions, aircraft pilot applications and approved by tower controllers, or in accordance with visual flight rules flight, air traffic control services and accept.     95th control zone should be designated in accordance with regulations, and shall be reported to the relevant authorities in accordance with provisions.     Article III section danger areas, restricted and prohibited zones 96th danger areas, restricted and prohibited zones is based on needs, approved designated airspace.     97th flight of aircraft should use the on-board and ground navigation equipment, accurate aircraft positions to prevent the aircraft strayed into the danger zone, restricted and prohibited zones.     98th in an air traffic control unit shall closely monitor the flight dynamics of aircraft, found that the aircraft will fly into the danger zone by mistake, when restricted and prohibited zones, should remind aircraft and, if necessary, take measures to correct it.     99th air traffic control unit shall master the following relevant and timely to the aircraft danger areas, restricted or restricted area notice: (a) name of the airspace; (b) the scope of airspace, including vertical and horizontal range; (c) the airspace activities; (iv) other information.     100th fourth route and route air traffic control routes, according to the nature and conditions of flight mission in the route, classified as domestic routes and international routes. 101th air route traffic control center, a navigational facilities of the air route or crossing point, navigate to another facility or crossing point.     The Centre lines connect a central line of route.     102th route air traffic control 20-kilometer width, the center line on each side 10-kilometer; a period limited by the conditions of the route, you can reduce the width, but not less than 8-kilometer; route direction is changed, including the extended navigation section boundary line to the point of intersection of the surrounding airspace.     103th route air traffic control the height limit for the lowest level, limit and maximum cruising levels consistent. 104th air traffic control routes should set the navigation system.     Provisions in order to help keep the aircraft on the air route in the route within the flight distance between navigation equipment shall comply with the relevant technical specifications. 105th air traffic control routes should be identified by its code.     International route identification code should work with the International Civil Aviation Organization and coordination to prevent reuse.     106th air traffic control routes based on navigation devices should be set the conversion points, to assist in accurate flight along the route of the aircraft.     107th air traffic control routes should set an important identifying them with a code in order to monitor the progress of aircraft running on the route.     108th in accordance with aircraft navigation equipment, effective range of ground navigation AIDS and air traffic control, in accordance with the regulations established in the airspace Rnav.     109th air traffic control routes, and temporary routes divided into fixed routes.     Fifth section I procedure control instrument flight control interval 110th aircraft a, b, c, d when you fly within the airspace, air traffic controllers shall, in accordance with instrument flight rules conditions equipped with lateral separation and vertical spacing, vertical interval to prevent aircraft with the aircraft, the aircraft collided with the barriers. 111th article instrument flight aircraft minimum vertical interval standard should meet following provides: (a) aircraft and ground obstacles Zhijian of minimum vertical interval: route, and route flight or transitions flight of security height, in Plateau and mountain should high out route center line, and route sides the 25-kilometer within highest elevation 600 meters; in other area should high out route center line, and route sides the 25-kilometer within highest elevation 400 meters; in airport regional, to Airport navigation Taiwan for Center, RADIUS 55-kilometer range within, aircraft distance obstacles of highest points, plain shall not is less than 300 meters, hills and mountain shall not is less than 600 meters; aircraft using instrument into near program figure into landing process in the, shall not below instrument into program provides of super barrier height flight; (ii) aircraft and aircraft Zhijian of minimum vertical interval by this rules 15th chapter of provides for equipped with; (three) in specified height flight of aircraft report from the height Hou, can will the height specified to other aircraft,     But the vertical separation between aircraft shall not be less than the required minimum standard.     In the following cases, received from the aircraft has reached the height of this paragraph (b) above the minimum standards provided for in paragraph spacing before the height of the report may not be the height from the assign to other aircraft: (I) to report when there is a big bump, (ii) indicates that the aircraft when the pilot decided to rise or fall on their own.     112th article using ranging Taiwan Shi, aircraft Zhijian of minimum longitudinal interval standard should meet following provides: (a) in same cruise height layer of aircraft with track flight, while using airlines road of same ranging Taiwan ranging Shi, aircraft between minimum interval standard for 60-kilometer (reference annex nine figure 1); Qian machine vacuum speed is greater than Hou machine 40-kilometer/hours, for 40-kilometer (reference annex nine figure 2).     (B) cruising altitude in the same aircraft flew above the cross track, and when used at track intersections ranging range finder, standard for minimum spacing between aircraft 60-kilometer (refer to figure 3 in annex IX); former vacuum speed greater than 40-kilometer/hour, minimum separation between aircraft is 40-kilometer.     (Three) aircraft while using airlines road of same ranging Taiwan ranging, and with same time of ranging Taiwan readings established interval, dang no vertical interval Shi, which a frame aircraft keep its height layer, another a frame aircraft in with track rose or declined, change height through was occupied of height layer Shi, aircraft Zhijian of distance interval many Yu 40-kilometer (reference annex nine figure 4 and Figure 5).     (D) the reverse flight at the same time using the same distance on the air route, location positioning, confirmed that two aircraft had met and 20-kilometer from above to allow aircraft on the rise, dropped or through highly occupied by another aircraft.     (Five) using ranging Taiwan equipped with longitudinal interval Shi, should meet following conditions: 1. airborne and ground ranging equipment after check meet provides standard, and by official approved open, and is located in its ranging effective range within; 2. about of aircraft Zhijian and aircraft and control member Zhijian has established with frequency two-way contact; 3. implementation ranging Taiwan control interval standard of two frame aircraft while using by approved of same ranging Taiwan ranging. 113th article in c, and d class airspace within (Tower and into near control district), instrument flight aircraft Zhijian of minimum longitudinal interval standard should meet following provides: (a) forward flight and meet following conditions of aircraft, its minimum interval for 5 minutes: 1. with speed aircraft same Airways within with height flight, and the corridor within has navigation equipment; 2. in same Airways within or angle is less than 45 degrees of two a Airways within,     One other aircraft of aircraft through the forward flight level (refer to figure 6 in annex IX), and (b) must keep the height difference between the reverse flight only after confirmed that the aircraft had been flying over to each other, parties may permit the occupation or through the level.     (C) when there is no air corridors, fly at the same height of aircraft entering class c airspace, regardless of how its course, its navigation equipment above the time interval cannot be reached in less than 10 minutes (see Figure 7 in annex IX). 114th in classes a and b airspace within minimum longitudinal separation between aircraft shall comply with the following provisions: (a) of the same track, same height, same speed between aircraft for 10 minutes. Same track, same height, same speed will be between trans-ocean flight aircraft, less than 20 minutes.     With the control unit there is an agreement, in accordance with the provisions of the agreement.     (Ii) with track, and with height, different speed of aircraft, ahead aircraft than rear aircraft speed fast 40-kilometer/hours above of, two frame aircraft flew over the same location report points Hou should has 5 minutes of time interval (reference annex nine figure 8); ahead aircraft than rear aircraft speed fast 80-kilometer/hours above of, should has 3 minutes of time interval (reference annex nine figure 9). (Three) change height of aircraft, in is expected to through with to flight of another a aircraft of height layer Shi, shall not less than following minimum time interval: 1. was through of aircraft flew over the navigation equipment Hou 20 minutes within, change height of aircraft in its before and after 10 minutes through (reference annex nine figure 10); 2. was through of aircraft flew over the navigation equipment in 20-30 minutes within, change height of aircraft in its before and after 15 minutes through (reference annex nine figure 11); 3.     -Crossing aircraft is the speculated that positioning, change the height of the aircraft in the 20 minutes before crossing (see Figure 12 in annex IX). (Four) change height of aircraft, in is expected to through reverse flight of another a aircraft of height layer Shi, shall not less than following minimum time interval: 1. in and was through of aircraft is expected to met points Qian 10 minutes, can rose or Xia fell to was through aircraft of Shang or next height layer (reference annex nine figure) 13; 2. in is expected to met points time 10 minutes Hou, can mutual through or occupied same height layer (reference annex nine figure 14); 3. as received report,     Two frame aircraft has flew over the same no direction letter standard Taiwan, and ranging Taiwan positioning points 2 minutes Hou, can mutual through or occupied same height layer (reference annex nine figure 15); (five) two frame aircraft in two a navigation equipment (distance not is less than 50-kilometer) outside side relative flight Shi, in flew over the navigation equipment Qian can mutual through, and keep flew over the navigation equipment Shi each other has rose or Xia down to meet vertical interval provides of height layer (reference annex nine figure 16). 115th in a, class b airspace, the minimum lateral separation standard of IFR aircraft shall conform to the following provisions: (a) the aircraft crossing the fairway shall be agreed by the controllers.     Control member should will allows through of conditions (airlines paragraph, and time, and height) and flight intelligence notification about aircraft; in through route center line Shi, keep and the height Shang other aircraft many Yu following of time interval: 1. through at no navigation equipment Shi, for 15 minutes (reference annex nine figure 17); 2. through at has navigation equipment and work normal Shi, has flew over the navigation equipment of aircraft for 10 minutes, not flew over the navigation equipment of aircraft for 15 minutes (reference annex nine figure 18). (Ii) aircraft using navigation equipment collection or dispersed flight (using full to letter standard Taiwan, aircraft Zhijian track angle not is less than 15 degrees; using no direction letter standard Taiwan, aircraft track angle not is less than 30 degrees), mutual through or occupied same height Shi, distance navigation equipment of distance interval provides following: 1. collection flight Shi, distance navigation equipment should not is less than 100-kilometer (reference annex nine Figure 19, and Figure 20); 2. dispersed flight Shi, Not less than 50-kilometer from the navigation equipment (see annex IX figures 21, 22).     For speeds of up to 450-kilometer/h aircraft, flight path angle is less than 90 degrees, flight after less than 5 minutes at a time (see diagram in annex IX 23), or when the track angle is less than 90 degrees, after the flight of less than 3 minutes at a time (refer to figure 24 in annex IX).     (C) provisions of aircraft can be on different routes (routes) forward or backward on the flight, through each other, but these routes (routes) and protecting the air space shall not overlap the width of.     (Iv) waiting for flights over the positioning of the aircraft can be used in different points, but the holding pattern space and protecting the space shall not overlap. 116th article in c class airspace within instrument flight Shi, while into, and away from field of aircraft mutual through or occupied other height layer of minimum interval standard should meet following provides: (a) track poor in 0 degrees to 45 degrees range within: 1. regardless of entry aircraft in what location, for away from field aircraft joined Route 3 minutes Hou (reference annex nine figure 25); 2. corridor mouth has navigation equipment and can normal work, entry aircraft location in distance airport 3 minutes yiwai,     For departure of aircraft took off after joining the route (refer to figure 26 in annex IX).     (Ii) track poor in 46 degrees to 90 degrees range within: 1. regardless of entry aircraft in what location, for away from field aircraft joined route 5 minutes Hou (reference annex nine figure 27); 2. corridor mouth has navigation equipment and can normal work, entry aircraft in distance Airport 5 minutes yiwai, for away from field aircraft took off joined route Hou (reference annex nine Figure 28).    (C) track error range from 91 degrees to 135 degrees: 1. for aircraft joined the airline 10 minutes after (refer to figure 29 in annex IX); 2. corridor navigation equipment and work, for arrival, departure of aircraft from airports outside the 30-kilometer (refer to figure 30 in annex IX).     (D) within the path difference of 136 degrees to 180 degrees, after you confirmed that the aircraft had been flying over to each other (refer to Figure 31 in annex IX). 117th article d class airspace within, instrument flight aircraft away from field release of minimum interval standard should meet following provides: (a) release with speed of aircraft: 1. with track with height flight of, for 10 minutes interval (reference annex nine Figure 32), across marine flight Shi, for 20 minutes interval; 2. with track different height flight of, for 5 minutes interval (reference annex nine figure 33); 3. in different track Shang flight, track poor is greater than 45 degrees, and in took off Hou immediately implemented side to interval Shi,     For every 2 minutes (see Figure 34 in annex IX), but when flying in the same air corridor, for 5-minute intervals. (Ii) release different speed of aircraft: 1. track same, fast aircraft in Qian, slow speed aircraft in Hou, for 2 minutes interval (reference annex nine figure 35); 2. track poor is greater than 45 degrees, and in took off Hou immediately implemented side to interval, fast aircraft in Qian, slow speed aircraft in Hou, for 1 minutes interval (reference annex nine Figure 36); 3. track poor is greater than 45 degrees, and in took off Hou immediately implemented side to interval, slow speed aircraft in Qian, fast aircraft in Hou, For 2 minutes interval (reference annex nine Figure 37); 4. track same, slow speed aircraft in Qian, fast aircraft in Hou Shi: (1) as in high of height layer Shang flight, should guarantee fast aircraft through ahead aircraft of height layer Shi has 5 minutes above of interval (reference annex nine figure 38); as airport regional within has Visual meteorological conditions, slow speed aircraft took off Hou immediately implemented 30 (degrees) containing above side to interval (left fast aircraft took off, and rose track), You wake separation can be released quickly aircraft took off.     Fast aircraft height beyond slow aircraft height, slow aircraft and add routes.     (2) at the same altitude, reporting points or an aircraft flying over the same location should be separated from each other or when they reach the landing over the Airport navigation equipment, for more than 10 minutes of intervals (refer to figure 39 in annex IX).     Second program as flight control interval when 118th aircraft visual flight in controlled airspace, air traffic controllers shall, in accordance with visual flight rules conditions equipped with lateral separation and vertical spacing, vertical interval.     119th IFR aircraft equipped with vertical separation between aircraft in accordance with the level of relevant rules.     Breaking out the vertical spacing of aircraft and ground obstacles: (a) the IFR minimum safe altitude within the airport area: cruising speed table 250-kilometer/hour (not included) above the aircraft, according to airport IFR minimum safe altitude in regulations.     Cruise Super 250-kilometer/tables (with) the following aircraft, up the real obstacle height shall not be less than 100 meters distance.     (B) route IFR minimum safe altitude: cruising speed table 250-kilometer/hour (not included) above the aircraft, in accordance with the route instrument flight regulations of the minimum safe altitude.     Cruise Super 250-kilometer/tables (with) the following aircraft, usually according to the route instrument flight regulations of the minimum safe altitude; if it is below the minimum level flight, from the highest point of the route within the 5-kilometer zone on either side of the true height, plain and hilly area shall not be less than 100 meters, mountainous area shall not be less than 300 meters. 120th article b, and c class airspace within, Visual Flight aircraft of minimum longitudinal and side to interval standard should meet following provides: (a) in same track, and same cruise height flight Shi, aircraft Zhijian of longitudinal interval standard: 1. cruise table speed 250-kilometer/hours (containing) following of aircraft, shall not is less than 2-kilometer; 2. cruise table speed 250-kilometer/hours (not containing) above of aircraft, shall not is less than 5-kilometer; (ii) beyond front aircraft Shi, should from its right,     Keeping 500 meters above the lateral distance beyond. 121th class d airspace, IFR aircraft minimum longitudinal and lateral separation standard shall comply with the following provisions: (a) diurnal vertical space between aircraft: a kind of aircraft shall not be less than 1.5 km, category b aircraft shall not be less than 3-kilometer, c, d categories aircraft shall not be less than 4-kilometer, and should pay attention to the effects of aircraft wake. Shall not exceed with the type of aircraft. Only allowed in three turns before, quick lateral aircraft from beyond slow aircraft.     Lateral separation of the aircraft in the daytime: a type of aircraft shall not be less than 200 m, b, c, d categories aircraft shall not be less than 500 metres, subject to forced landing of an aircraft, but not from overtaking on the inside an aircraft. (B) when flying at night, aircraft in the TRAFFIC PATTERN or joined, when out of the TRAFFIC PATTERN, the aircraft pilots can visually airport and ground lights, the controller allows the traffic pattern flying at night.     TRAFFIC PATTERN at night flight, shall not exceed the previous aircraft, the longitudinal separation between aircraft shall not be less than 4-kilometer, and the controllers are responsible for the vertical interval is equipped with, between aircraft and obstructions on the ground the vertical spacing of aircraft pilots are responsible for.     (C) Visual Flight and instruments flight of aircraft in flight at the same time, the interval between IFR aircraft under visual flight rules, visual flight and instrument interval between aircraft flying in accordance with instrument flight rules.     (D) the controllers when necessary traffic information should be provided to the IFR aircraft, notify its VISUAL SEPARATION should be used. 122th article visual flight aircraft using same runway took off, and landing Shi, its minimum interval standard should meet following provides: (a) in front aircraft has flew over the runway end or in runway over change heading has no collided dangerous Qian, or according to Visual or front aircraft report confirmed the aircraft has from runway Qian, behind aircraft shall not began took off sliding run; (ii) in front aircraft has flew over the runway end or in runway Shang change heading has no collided dangerous Qian,     Or according to the Visual or preceding aircraft reports before confirming the aircraft runway, followed by aircraft shall fly across into the end of the runway. 123th article visual flight helicopter using same took off landing district took off, and landing Shi, minimum interval standard should meet following provides: (a) first took off, and landing of helicopter left took off, and landing district zhiqian, Hou took off of helicopter shall not began took off; (ii) first took off, and landing of helicopter left took off, and landing district zhiqian, landing of helicopter shall not into took off, and landing district; (three) took off points and landing points of interval in 60 meters above, took off, and landing route and not cross Shi, can allowed while took off, and     Landing.     124th article visual flight of aircraft met Shi, should according to following provides avoid and adjustment interval: (a) two frame aircraft in almost same height Shang head met Shi, should their right avoid, mutual between keep 500 meters above interval; (ii) two frame aircraft in almost same height Shang cross met Shi, aircraft driver from cockpit left see another a frame aircraft Shi, should declined height; from cockpit right see another a frame aircraft Shi, should rose height;     (Three) aircraft in almost same height Shang (is less than on with angle 70 degrees) beyond front aircraft Shi, should from front aircraft right keep 500 meters above of interval for, avoid is less than provides interval from other upper and lower through or from its ahead cut had, beyond of aircraft on keep two frame aircraft Zhijian of interval is responsible for; (four) single flight of aircraft, should avoid formation flight of aircraft; (five) has power plant heavy Yu air of aircraft should avoid airship, and glide machine or balloon; (Six) airship should avoid glide machine and the balloon; (seven) glide machine should avoid balloon; (eight) has power plant of aircraft, should avoid towing objects of aircraft; (nine) flight in the of or in ground Shang, and water Shang run of aircraft, should avoid is landing or is into near landing of aircraft; (ten) normal flight of aircraft, should avoid known needed was forced to landing of aircraft; (11) heavy Yu air of aircraft to landing and in same airport while into near Shi, height high of aircraft,     Aircraft should avoid low; however, the latter may make use of this provision into another is entering the final phase of landing aircraft in front of or exceeding the aircraft (12) taxiing aircraft shall give way the aircraft is taking off or about to take off. Visual control signal 125th in the third section the airport maneuvering area radio communication failure in case of air, tower control room controllers should signal lights or flares, takeoff, landing or regulate the motor area of the aircraft at the airport. Lights, signals, spring signals and Visual ground signals indicate, in accordance with annex III of the controllers to aircraft lights or flares, signals and annex IV implementation of the provisions of airport Visual ground signals.     Met has following situation Shi, tower control room control member should to aircraft, and vehicles and pedestrian issued warning signal: (a) aircraft each other close, has collided dangerous; (ii) aircraft and obstacles has collided dangerous; (three) aircraft body situation exception; (four) runway water, and freezes or soft; (five) aircraft without approved will into danger zone, and restricted, and area; (six) control Member think necessary of other situation.     Day or night the warning signals are issued from the ground to launch flares at 10 seconds intervals, when the bomb exploded, shall emit red light, green light or Starlight.     126th aircraft pilots receive lights or flares signal issued by the controller should provide answers, answering signal in accordance with annex v to the aircraft pilot after controllers received a signal confirmation provisions of the signal.     127th Air pilots, controllers observed or upon receipt of Visual signals, it shall signal the significance of that action.     128th Visual control signals shall be in accordance with the meaning and for the purposes set out shall not be confused with other signals.     129th aircraft in the airport maneuvering area runs, raised the flag flag tower control room should be in accordance with the provisions or open lights.     130th article airport mobile district within has aircraft run Shi, by following provides management lights: (a) night should open airport guarantees flight by need of lights; (ii) day between should open into near slope indicates system of lights; (three) day between airport visibility is less than 2-kilometer or aircraft driver has requirements Shi, should open runway and glide road and the took off and landing direction Shang guarantees flight by need of lights. 131th configuration for airfield lighting monitoring system of the airport and its attendant lighting units should be on board an aircraft is expected to take off or land an hour, lighting systems are available for use at any time. Not configuration help aviation lights monitoring system of airport, its lights management units should by following provides management lights: (a) aircraft is expected to took off or landing Qian a hours, do open lights of prepared; (ii) aircraft is expected to took off or landing Qian 20 minutes open lights, or according to tower control room control member requirements of time open lights; (three) in occurred emergency situation Shi, immediately open lights; (four) aircraft took off Hou 15 minutes, and landing Hou 10 minutes close lights,     Or notification in accordance with control unit turn off the lights (v) found abnormal light not complying with the provisions for opening up a light, immediately report to controllers and airport tower control room shift leader.     132th tower control room controllers shall promptly check the opening of the airport lights, unusual or abnormal received light reports, the attendant shall notify the airport lighting management units or aircraft pilot, and report to relevant departments shift leader. 133th controllers should be in accordance with the provisions of article photometric or aircraft pilot's request, notify configured lighting control unit the airport approach and runway lighting intensity.     Airports near strength configuration and runway lighting system should be consistent with annex VI to the airport and runway lighting systems of the strength of the regulations. 134th airport at night or when aircraft operating under instrument flight conditions, should open up obstruction marker lights, and comply with the following provisions: (a) management of obstruction lamp units, should designate a person responsible for the maintenance of barriers marking lights, keep open.     As occurred fault, should immediately report tower control room control member, and take measures; (ii) airport lights management units, should regularly check airport regional within obstacles lights of work situation, for important obstacles of beacons can specified hand monitored; (three) tower control room and airport lights management units should understand and master super high obstacles belongs units or management personnel of phone, dang found obstacles lamp occurred fault Shi, should timely notification its repair recovery;     (D) the tower control room controllers or pilots of aircraft obstruction lamp found an exception, the management shall timely notify the obstacle marker lamps and lighting management units at the airport.     135th during the night or daytime visibility is less than 2-kilometer, all aircraft operating within the airport area must display the following lights: (a) brought to the attention of the aircraft anti-collision lights, (ii) to show the relative Path of the aircraft navigation lights, (iii) display of the aircraft structure lighting; (d) shows the aircraft engine was driving light.     Fourth section the track selection and use of the 136th in order to properly provide air traffic control services to aircraft, controllers should understand the pavement of the runway, taxiway and the runway, taxiway on aircraft, vehicle, pedestrian activity and its construction in the vicinity. 137th runway, taxiway for aircraft taking off, landing, and taxiing.     If there are special circumstances, it is necessary to other uses or the traffic go by, should be approved by the tower control room.     138th runway, taxiway pavement and lighting, communications, navigation equipment, as well as other reason can no longer guarantee the safety of aircraft taking off and landing and taxiing, should be closed.     Airport runway, taxiway during closure, prohibition of landing and taking off of aircraft taxiing.     139th tower control room controllers choose the runway, in addition to models and South wind outside, and should also take into account the airport arrival and departure procedures, the TRAFFIC PATTERN, the runway layout, runway length, width, slope, obstacle clearance and the landing strip of the navigation device. 140th aircraft should normally takeoff and landing against the wind, but when the runway length, slope and obstacle clearance permits, aircraft can also wind speed is not more than 3 m/s wind during takeoff and landing.     If the driver according to the flight of aircraft manuals or airline operations manual requests in the context of greater than 3 m/s wind for takeoff and landing, in the case of air traffic conditions permit, tower control room controllers should be agreed.     When runway Crosswinds on the aircraft side wind standards when taking off or landing, determined solely by the driver according to the models of aircraft performance, the controller is responsible for providing the actual wind direction and wind speed. 141th aircraft taking off should use full runway.     Such as airports, aircraft type and weather conditions as otherwise expressly provided or aircraft pilot applications, tower control room controllers allowed aircraft do not use full runway. 142th article airport runway, and glide road of road surface appeared sailing notices no contains of following situation Shi, tower control room control member must will the situation notification took off, and landing and glide of aircraft: (a) runway, and glide road, and stop road road surface has damaged; (ii) runway, and glide road road surface and near has construction; (three) runway, and glide road, and stop road road surface Shang has ice and water; (four) runway, and glide road and near has aircraft, and vehicles, and pedestrian stay or activities; (five) runway, and     Taxiways and approach-and-landing strip lights and airport lights-impaired (vi) the airport management department or aircraft pilots in flight to provide runway braking action. Airport runway braking action, usually by the airport authorities measured by instruments, classified as good, good, medium, poor, poor, very poor six grades.     Tower control room of aircraft ground when braking effect, you should use the prescribed level and term, and indicate the source is measured or aircraft pilot report.     143th article airport took off, and landing zone of layout and equipment should meet following provides: (a) took off line should according to wind, and wind speed for layout; (ii) soil runway or for runway snow from air easily recognition Shi, should draw obviously of logo or with red flag identifies; (three) in took off line command flight Shi, took off line Tower, and parking, and personnel rest locations, should according to airport area, and runway and glide road of location, situation determine, from runway edge of distance usually shall not less than 100 meters; (Four) helicopter of took off, and landing zone, should according to specific situation delineation, took off, and landing locations area of diameter should according to models determine, its long wide are shall not is less than spin wing diameter of twice times, the took off, and landing locations Zhijian of around interval should is greater than spin wing diameter of twice times, before and after distance should is greater than fuselage length of four times times; (five) helicopter in field landing, and took off Shi, usually should advance selected and layout field landing site, its site should select clearance conditions good, and terrain flat solid, and     Grade appropriate terrain. Fifth Festival departure control tower control room of the 144th article according to the approved flight plan, aviation and airports, as well as information about air traffic control unit, release a permit issued on departure of aircraft.     Release license includes the following: (a) the aircraft call sign; (b) the control license limits (anchor point or destination); (c) the authorized departure procedures; (iv) route (route), and (v) altitude; (f) transponder code; (VII) other necessary content. 145th perform different tasks of aircraft or different models of aircraft in flight at the same time, depending on the circumstances, priority takeoff sequence.     Under normal circumstances, should be allowed to perform urgent or important tasks aircraft, flights of aircraft priority or speed to take off on a regular basis. 146th article to easy aircraft took off away from field, tower control room control member should according to situation to away from field aircraft released including following content of intelligence and indicates: (a) using of runway; (ii) wind, and wind speed, and ceiling height and visibility; (three) height table dial comes as; (four) standard time; (five) ground glide route and about information; (six) airport has automatically observation system of, should notification this airport of runway depending on drive; (seven) airport with low height wind shear warning system of, should notification low height     Wind shear conditions; (VIII) other necessary information.     Departure aircraft report has been received from the airport automatic Terminal information system broadcast the above information may not be included. 147th ATC clearance and departure information, published by the Clearance delivery I; without the seats, published by the ground or airport control seats.     Departure aircraft took off immediately and contact tower control room outside the air traffic control unit, ground control on the release or tower control room should be licensed or leave intelligence to inform aircraft. 148th aircraft taxiing (air taxi) should be subject to ground controllers at the airport tower control room controllers permit.     Licensed aircraft glide (glide in the air), it should send the following: (a) the taxi (air taxi) route (ii) takeoff sequence; (c) the runway waiting point; (d) departure direction; (e) the approach control room and control room for departure of aircraft-related requirements; (vi) other matters. 149th aircraft taxiing (air taxi) shall comply with the following provisions: (a) the aircraft shall follow the designated routes glide. Control member in arrangements glide route Shi, usually no aircraft head glide; cross met Shi, aircraft driver since cockpit of left see another a frame aircraft Shi, should stop glide; (ii) aircraft glide speed shall not over 50-kilometer/hours (traction speed shall not over 10-kilometer/hours); in aircraft ping, and apron and obstacles near, only associate slow speed glide, guarantee at any time can makes aircraft stopped live; wing pointed distance obstacles is less than 10 meters Shi, should has hand guide or stop glide; (three) glide Shi     , Shall not with big speed turn or completely brake live a (a group) machine round turn; (four) has pour sliding performance of aircraft for pour sliding Shi, should has ground personnel Guide; (five) need through landing zone Shi, aircraft driver in sliding into landing zone Qian, should after tower control member license and identified no took off, and landed of aircraft; (six) night glide (traction) Shi, should open sailing lamp and glide lamp, or continuous to using landing lamp, with slow speed glide;     (VII) helicopters at a distance of obstructions other than 1 m to 10 m 10 m altitude the air glide, speed must not exceed 15-kilometer/h (eight) when the slide and glide in the air, the aircraft pilots should watch, obstacle discovery, shall promptly report to the controller, and to take effective measures.     150th to provisioning intervals, tower control room controllers can instruct about to take off or taxiing aircraft on the runway or runway waiting outside, and the reasons for it to the aircraft.     151th tower control room controllers should be according to track aircraft activities and approach and landing routes and regional requirements of the control room, allows the aircraft to the runway under safe conditions and issue a permission to take off.     Permission to take off usually include the following: (a) the wind direction and wind speed, visibility, cloud height, the altimeter dial positive (b) after taking off the turning direction; (c) departure procedures; (d) altitude and (v) other matters.     In the following cases, ban issued a permission to take off: (a) other aircraft or obstacles on the runway, and (ii) aircraft overshoot, at an altitude of 100 meters (150 meters at night), or has not started the first turn and (iii) take off an aircraft at an altitude of 100 meters (150 meters at night), or have not yet started the first turn.     Aircraft pilots after obtaining permission to take off, it shall immediately take off; could take off in a minute, the aircraft pilots should request permission to take off again.     Due to air traffic control or other reasons, cannot guarantee the safety of aircraft taking off, controllers shall immediately cancel the original tower control room has given permission to take off, and notify the reasons for the cancellation of aircraft permission to take off. 152th aircraft after takeoff, controllers are usually informed of the departure time of aircraft pilot, notify the air traffic services reporting Office and the air traffic control unit and other departments concerned.     Aircraft departure time is the aircraft starts takeoff wheels moving moments.     Article 153th aircraft at altitudes approaching or taking off in a row, former prior to flying over the runway threshold, the latter before its grounding, should be regarded as aircraft landing; after that, should be seen as taking off aircraft. 154th traffic circuit flights shall comply with the following provisions: (a) the daytime traffic circuit flights 1. traffic pattern flying height is usually 300 meters to 500 meters (small lines of low altitude shall not be less than 120 m). After takeoff, the first turn and ending the fourth turn the height shall not be less than 100 meters (small lines of low altitude shall not be less than 50 metres), 2. traffic circuit flights usually the left route. If subject to conditions, may also require the right routes, 3. when flying in the TRAFFIC PATTERN, identical aircraft shall not exceed 4. aircraft traffic pattern entry shall be licensed by the tower control room controllers, and in accordance with specified height along routes to join. The day, number of aircraft flying in the TRAFFIC PATTERN at the same time, it should be based on conditions such as topography, ground equipment at airports.     Took off from Tower or tower can see the ups and downs of all aircraft on the route of the line, no more than 4; see the aircraft TRAFFIC PATTERN on certain flight segments shall not exceed 3; class c and d aircraft or smaller Airlines aircraft flying at low altitude, shall not exceed 2. (B) night-time traffic pattern flying aircraft in the TRAFFIC PATTERN or in the context of accession, from the TRAFFIC PATTERN, the aircraft pilots can visually airport and ground lights, you can allow aircraft traffic pattern flying at night, and to comply with the following requirements: 1. height of the route is usually 300 meters to 500 meters.     Took off Hou, began first turn and end fourth turn of height shall not below 150 meters; 2. in landing route flight in the, shall not beyond front aircraft; 3. aircraft joined landing route, should according to instrument flight rules entry, using airport lights and navigation equipment exact master location, after tower control member license, can according to provides height Shun along route joined; 4. in landing route Shang while flight of aircraft number shall not over 2 frame.     155th article helicopter in apron Shang took off and landing Shi, should comply with following provides: (a) not hamper other aircraft of took off and landing; (ii) and other aircraft, and obstacles level distance not is less than 10 meters; (three) no downwind vertical took off or landing; (four) no can was spin wing air rolled up of floating real; (five) in airport over flew over the obstacles of height shall not below 10 meters; flew over the ground aircraft of height shall not below 25 meters.     156th article control coordination and transfer should comply with following provides: (a) tower control room, should timely will away from field aircraft of took off time notification into near control room or regional control room; (ii) into near control room and regional control room on away from field aircraft implementation flow control or has other deployment of, should as soon as possible notification tower control room arrangements away from field aircraft in ground or air waiting for.     (C) when the aircraft departed the tower control room's area of responsibility, tower control and approach control room or area control transfer by Convention.     Sixth section of route control 157th regional control and approach control room should be in the aircraft before takeoff or before entering the area of responsibility of the 30 minutes, issue a permit to enter the area of responsibility en route clearance or executed in the SCA, and inform aircraft pilots of the air traffic control unit.     En route clearance should include: (a) the aircraft call sign or identification, (ii) control license limits (anchor point or destination); (c) release routes (routes), and (iv) the whole course or part of flight level and level changes as needed and (v) other necessary instructions and information.     Transonic aircraft en route clearance, should also include the following: (a) the transonic acceleration phase, license until the end of the stage, (ii) supersonic cruise to subsonic speed phase, licenses its uninterrupted decline. 158th whole course or part of the route between the various air traffic control units shall be coordinated in order to issue from the point of departure to a predetermined landing location of the aircraft en route clearance. For information or coordination of reason cannot be the whole course when they can only be released to a point release, the controller shall notify the aircraft pilot.     Without the control area coordination shall not release the aircraft to enter a control zone.     159th regional control rooms or approach control room know this area of responsibility in addition to acceptance flight activities, at a certain time in a certain segment to fit other flights or only at certain speeds to accommodate the flight activities, shall notify the air traffic control unit and aircraft operators aircraft pilots or flying through the area of responsibility.    160th handoff should comply with the following provisions: (A) when transfer of control between the control room and transfer unit should be 10 minutes before the aircraft flew over the transfer of control point (short haul route for 5 minutes) and acceptance of transfer of control unit.     (B) transfer of control shall include: 1. the aircraft call sign; 2. aircraft type (optional); 3. altitude 4. speed (according to need); 5. handover point; 6. is expected to fly over the transfer time; 7. Regulation of business required other information. Transfer of control should be carried out by direct control telephone. No direct control telephone between the control room and through the talk, business telephone, telegrams, etc.     Has accepted the transfer of control of the aircraft after the estimated time of entering the controlled airspace boundaries have not yet established contact and controller in charge immediately asked about the control room, at the same time take steps to contact.     161th regional control and approach control room should be kept informed of the area of responsibility of the weather conditions and flight activity of certainty on aircraft conditions and flight position control intervals properly outfitted, and reasonable allocation of flight conflict; aircraft waiting for proper arrangements, timely adjustment of airline aircraft, accelerate and sustain orderly air traffic activity.     Aircraft is expected to fly over reporting point 3 minutes after the reports have not been received, the Assistant controllers shall immediately questioned and sought to achieve a position report.     162th article control coordination Hou, original control transfer of content has following changes of, should for corrections: (a) flight height change; (ii) cannot from original of transfer points transfer; (three) flew over the transfer points of time in regional control room Zhijian difference over 5 minutes, in regional control room and into near control room Zhijian difference over 3 minutes, in into near control room and tower control room Zhijian difference over 3 minutes.     Seventh section entry control 163th article Exchange entry aircraft of control intelligence should comply with following provides: (a) regional control room should will entry aircraft of following intelligence, in the aircraft is expected to flew over the control transfer points Qian 10 minutes, notification into near control room: 1. aircraft callsign; 2. aircraft models (can omitted); 3. into near control transfer points and the is expected to flew over the time, and scheduled height; 4. control business transfer; 5. other related intelligence. (Ii) into near control room should will about entry aircraft of following intelligence notification regional control room: 1. in waiting for positioning points over is using of height; 2. entry aircraft Zhijian average interval of time; 3. requirements aircraft arrived control transfer points of time; 4. accept on the aircraft control of decided; 5. Airport revoked instrument into near program of, its revoked time; 6. requirements regional control room change aircraft is expected to arrived into near control points of time, and time change in 10 minutes above of, its change time     7. information with regional regulation of aircraft overshoot 8. communications intelligence aircraft.     (C) the approach control room shall, not later than 3 minutes before the aircraft flew over the transfer of control point will be following information notice of the approaching aircraft tower control: 1. the aircraft call sign; 2. aircraft models; 3. is expected to arrive near the anchor point or time and predetermined height or actual height above the airport, 4. type of instrument approach (notification, if necessary).     (D) approaching aircraft tower control room should be the following intelligence informed approach control unit: 1. see the aircraft that will be landed, or the aircraft was landing; 2. the landing time; 3. revocation instrument flight procedure, and revoke time; 4. missed relevant information or communications aircraft; 5. runway.     (E) the control unit has issued information such as any of the following changes, shall promptly notify the other party: 1. regional control and approach control are issued between the estimated time of arrival difference of more than 5 minutes; 2. the approach control issue with the tower control for more than 2 minutes difference in the estimated time of arrival.     164th regional control room, to approaching aircraft to fly into the air traffic control unit near the anchor point control permits, shall include the following information: (a) near the anchor name; (b) the flight route to approach the anchor point (iii) height and (iv) other necessary matters.     Regional control rooms to approach control room or tower control room entry of transfer of business communication and control of the aircraft, should be in complete control on the basis of coordination, at the arrival of the aircraft before the transfer of control point, so as to approach control room or tower control room sufficient time to update controls a permit issued to the aircraft.     165th article into near control room or tower control room and entry aircraft established radio communications contact Hou, should on aircraft location for verified and to the aircraft quickly issued about following intelligence of notification: (a) into near license; (ii) instrument or visual flight of into near program; (three) using runway; (four) wind, and wind speed value; (five) meteorological report of cloud level Yu Visual into near minimum declined height, or meteorological report of visibility is less than Visual into near minimum meteorological conditions of, its cloud high or visibility value;     (F) the altimeter dial positive values. 166th tower control room or approach control room should always pay attention to weather changes within the airport area and inform the approaching aircraft. When meteorological conditions at the airport landed below minimum weather conditions should be according to the requirements of the aircraft allows the waiting or fly to an alternate airport controls a permit issued to it, and adjust the approach sequence. In aircraft fuel shortage, serious mechanical problems or weather reasons not to fly to other airports and aircraft pilots require landed below minimum weather requirements for landing at the airport, the controller shall take the necessary measures to assist, and notify the relevant security departments for emergency preparedness.     Aircraft pilots should be responsible for the consequences of its decisions. 167th article released into near license should comply with following provides: (a) tower control room or into near control room to into near license Shi, can according to air traffic situation specified announced of instrument into near program or let aircraft optional announced of instrument into near program; (ii) for not in announced of route Shang flight of aircraft of into near license, should in the aircraft arrived announced of airlines road or according to instrument into near program began into near of positioning points zhihou issued.     But, indicates aircraft in arrived according to instrument into near program of positioning points zhiqian should keep height of, is can in arrived the positioning points zhiqian issued into near license; (three) for for instrument into near of aircraft, for equipped with control interval and has necessary requirements its comply with specified height of, should in issued into near license Shi specified necessary of height; (four) to exact master entry aircraft of location, control units can requirements into near in the of aircraft report its location and height; (E) instrument approach procedures published in the CIRCLING APPROACH shall not be issued to the aircraft from the region indicates; (f) conditions of ground visibility and cloud height in accordance with visual flight rules, according to air traffic control units, and allow Visual approach by aircraft.     Visual approach or between aircraft and instrument approach control interval between aircraft shall be in accordance with the criteria set out in section I and section II of this chapter are equipped with. The 168th air traffic, the runway will be closed temporarily, and other aircraft has made an emergency landing, cannot permit aircraft to land immediately, the controller shall notify the aircraft and take the following measures: (a) adjusting the spacing between aircraft, (ii) increase or decrease the TRAFFIC PATTERN and (iii) arranging Visual wait. IFR aircraft shall normally use Visual reporting points or hovering over the place waiting for Visual confirmation, however, indicates that both aircraft waiting in the same location, traffic information should be provided to the two aircraft (iv) IFR aircraft shall wait for airspace flight waiting.     However, waiting for flights within the airspace of each aircraft and enter the landing time, usually no more than 30 minutes. While waiting for the flight of aircraft within the airspace, shall strictly maintain the specified height, waiting for the flight in accordance with regulations. Due to needed landing of, aircraft driver should immediately report Tower (into near) control member, after allows Hou, according to about program declined and into landing; (five) command aircraft for waiting for Shi, should in the aircraft arrived control license boundaries points or into near positioning points 5 minutes zhiqian, to the aircraft issued including following content of indicates: 1. waiting for positioning points; 2. waiting for route and waiting for points of azimuth relationship; 3. flew to waiting for positioning points of route or route and the by using of navigation facilities of radial line, and heading, and Azimuth; 4. waiting for route of sailed distance (using ranging equipment) or to minutes for units of sailed flight time; 5. waiting for route of turn direction (waiting for program has announced of, can omitted); (six) is expected to aircraft of waiting for time in 30 minutes above of, control member should understand aircraft of range capacity and quickly notification the aircraft is expected to into near time or is expected to update control license of time. Waiting time is not determined, should also be informed of such aircraft. Approach is expected to update the control time waiting to anchor in the aircraft should be issued. Is expected to also to for waiting for of, should notification the aircraft as accurate of is expected to waiting for time; (seven) aircraft for waiting for Hou to its issued update of control license, should including following matters: 1. new of control license boundaries points or into near license; 2. in new of control boundaries points zhiqian of all flight route; 3. height; 4. other necessary of matters; (eight) aircraft using pointing standard and in no monitored facilities of locations over waiting for of,     Control unit shall draw up such as aircraft fail to listen to the signals of the facility may fly routes, including the control intervals with other aircraft equipped with. 169th aircraft landing sequence should be in accordance with first arrived, first served principle arrangements for the landing. Perform different tasks or entry of aircraft of different models at the same time, depending on the circumstances, proper arrangements for priority landing sequence.     Normally, mission-critical emergency aircraft, the aircraft should be allowed priority landing.     170th in the airport terrain, equipment and availability of meteorological conditions and air traffic, tower control room or approach control room allows aircraft not do TRAFFIC PATTERN or Pierce the air routes, direct approach.     Visual Flight inbound aircraft under the cloud, with landing approach course heading the same or not more than 45 degrees, terrain conditions, the aircraft pilots familiar with the airport, and does not affect the entry of other aircraft, the aircraft can be arranged direct approach.     IFR aircraft approach course and landing heading same or not more than 30 degrees, terrain conditions, ground navigation equipment to ensure accurate aircraft to join the long final, you can schedule directly approach the aircraft.     171th landing permits and approach should comply with the following provisions: (a) the tower controller issued a clearance to land, subject to the following conditions: 1. the Path on the approach-and-landing aircraft, no other aircraft activity, 2. no obstructions on the runway, 3. comply with the wake separation requirements.     (Ii) issued landing license Hou, above conditions has changes of, tower control member must immediately notification aircraft complex fly, while briefly description complex fly reasons; complex fly aircraft height in 100 meters (night 150 meters) following, or not began first turn or according to control member instruction, runway Shang of other aircraft shall not took off; complex fly and again into landing of program, according to airport using rules of provides implementation.     Landing or approach the aircraft pilots the final decision, and be accountable for their decisions.     The 172th aircraft after landing, tower control room controllers shall notify pilots of aircraft: (a) the runway approach and (ii) taxiing instructions; (c) the conversion to the ground control frequency and taxi service provided by ground control with no ground control frequency, use of tower control frequency, and taxi service provided by the tower control room.     173th aircraft were handed over to tower control room and did not report to the control tower, or report a lost radio contact after, or, in any case, 5 minutes after the estimated time of landing has not yet landed, the tower controller controllers should be reported to the approach control room or area control room.     Eighth section 174th aircraft aircraft running on water control in the air traffic control service is running on the water, provided by a fly on the water tower control room.     175th fly on the water tower control room, in addition to keep in close contact with the air traffic control unit control coordination, command should also be on the water with the ship in close contact, coordinate the activities of aircraft and vessels on the water.     176th aircraft landing, taking off on the water, should avoid ships, so as to avoid impeding their navigation.     177th aircraft water takeoff and landing before air traffic control services, provided in accordance with the relevant provisions of the takeoff and landing of aircraft on land.     178th aircraft water running on the meteorological information except in accordance with the requirements of the takeoff and landing of aircraft on land provided, should also provide information on swell.     179th aircraft taking off and landing on the water direction, apart from the wind outside, should also be given to swell and aircraft performance characteristics and requirements. Nineth section control work program 180th article took off airport of air traffic service report room duty control member should according to following program work: (a) in aircraft is expected to took off Qian 1 hours to meteorological sector understand weather; (ii) heard airport management institutions and communications navigation sector on guarantees flight prepared situation of report; (three) accepted and issued aircraft driver or its representative submitted of flight plans; (four) received tower control room control member notification of aircraft took off moments Hou, issued took off Telegraph; Dang flight delays And the cancellation, notify the relevant entities, delayed or cancelled and issued telegram.     In may cases, you should indicate the delay after the expected departure time.     Landing airport (prepared drop airport) of air traffic service report room duty control member should according to following program work: (a) in aircraft is expected to took off Qian 1 hours research this airport weather, made this field weather forecast and live; (ii) heard airport management institutions and communications navigation sector on flight guarantees prepared situation of report; (three) received took off Telegraph Hou, will aircraft is expected to arrived time notification units.     181th article ground control seats duty control member on into, and away from field of aircraft implementation control Shi, should according to following program work: (a) aircraft is expected to took off or landing Qian 30 minutes, understand weather situation, proofing clock, check wind wind speed instrument, correction height table; (ii) aircraft is expected to took off or landing Qian 20 minutes, boot keep listening to, fill in flight process single; (three) understand into, and away from field aircraft of downtime location; (four) to into near or regional control room obtained away from field program and release license; (Five) notification aircraft driver release license, and took off conditions and away from field program; (six) aircraft driver requests drive, and glide Shi, according to flight forecast and control range within aircraft activities situation and release license,, decided drive order, indicates glide route; (seven) away from field aircraft glide Shi, close note aircraft location and glide direction, until waiting for points or transfer points, and will process single transfer to tower control member; (eight) away from field aircraft glide to waiting for points or think no effect Shi,     Notify aircraft pilots switching frequency contact tower control posts (I) inform the approach and landing of aircraft taxiing routes, the aircraft upon arrival at the parking space or ground-directed, with aircraft out of contact.     Without ground control seats, above the tower control room control posts concurrently. 182th article tower control room duty control member, on into, and away from field aircraft implementation control Shi, should according to following program work: (a) aircraft is expected to took off or landing Qian 30 minutes understand weather situation, check communications, and navigation equipment, proofing clock, check wind wind speed instrument, and correction height table; (ii) aircraft is expected to took off Qian and is expected to into airport control airspace Qian 20 minutes, open this field communications navigation equipment and timely cleanup runway; (three) release aircraft Shi, Shall, in accordance with air traffic services reporting Office arrangements and task properties, and the type of aircraft performance, reasonable release aircraft. Release of control interval should meet provides; (four) according to provides conditions arrangements aircraft into runway and took off, and will took off time notification air traffic service report room; aircraft from took off sliding run to rose to 100 meters (night 150 meters) of process in the, General not and aircraft driver calls; (five) arrangements aircraft according to away from field program flight, according to provides time to into near control room or regional control room for control transfer; (six) and has accept control of entry aircraft established contact Hou,     Entry of informed the aircraft pilot program, landing conditions, significant change in the weather, (VII) landing of aircraft taxiing stroke end, informed the aircraft driven runway program, informed the pilot conversion of aircraft contact ground control frequency, while the transfer of process controllers on the ground and landing time to inform air traffic services reporting Office. Aircraft entering the landing approach, should obey the rules of procedure. Tower control room control member in aircraft according to instrument into near program landing Shi, should according to following program work: (a) minimum waiting for height layer empty out Hou, immediately notification into near control room control member; (ii) and aircraft established contact Hou, notification aircraft driver occupied into near starting location of time and landing conditions; (three) two frame aircraft using airport no direction letter standard Taiwan, according to same species instrument into near program into landing Shi, in strictly master provides data of premise Xia, Should be not less than 300 meters height difference between the control of an aircraft, and allow flights for landing aircraft height level and (iv) aircraft since the minimum holding altitude drop, check once again the high watch positive; (v) based on where the aircraft pilot reported control aircraft, as the aircraft entered the final approach phase, publish landing permission.     If necessary, inform the aircraft pilot minimum drop height (or the decision height) or procedures. Aircraft occurred special situation endanger flight security Shi, tower control room control member should arrangements the aircraft priority landing, and: (a) quickly empty out priority landing aircraft need of height and space; (ii) notification aircraft driver priority landing conditions and priority landing program; (three) aircraft driver report through into near starting location Shi, according to normal instrument into near program master aircraft location; (four) aircraft in emergency situation Xia, cannot according to priority landing program declined Shi,     Rapid deployment of the aircraft below the aircraft collision avoidance, as soon as possible to allow the aircraft to land safely. 183th article into near control room control member on into, and away from field aircraft implementation control Shi, should according to following program work: (a) aircraft is expected to into into near control airspace Qian 30 minutes, understand weather situation, made recently of weather live, check communications, and navigation equipment, proofing flight forecast and plans, fill in flight process single, arrangements into, and away from field order; (ii) entry aircraft is expected to into into near control airspace Qian 20 minutes began keep listening to, on time open navigation equipment,     To tower control room made aircraft landing program and using runway; (three) this control district within away from field aircraft drive Qian 10 minutes boot keep listening to, will away from field program notification tower control room; (four) received into, and away from field aircraft into into near control empty (Airways) of location report Hou, indicates its according to program flight, notification air about flight activities; (five) notification into, and away from field aircraft respectively conversion frequency and tower control room or regional control room contact, according to provides for control transfer;     (Six) Dang tower control room control member notification minimum waiting for height layer empty out Hou, arrangements entry waiting for of the layer above of aircraft by layer declined, aircraft from second waiting for height layer Shi, notification aircraft driver conversion to tower control room frequency contact; (seven) received aircraft driver report has and regional control room or tower control room established contact, and fly away from into near control airspace Shi, allowed aircraft from contact.     Into near control room control member on flew over the aircraft for control Shi, should according to following program work: (a) according to provides timely open communications, and navigation equipment; (ii) according to into, and left into near control airspace of about program control its flight, and notification flew over the of height; (three) will airspace within about air traffic intelligence notification flew over the of aircraft; (four) according to provides for control transfer, and will aircraft flew over the transfer points of time, and height notification regional control room. 184th article regional control room control member should according to following program work: (a) trial the air traffic service report room declared of flight forecast and plans, timely give reply, and will approved of flight forecast notification about of control units and local army airlines control room; (ii) in aircraft is expected to in this district within took off Qian and is expected to into this control regional border Qian 30 minutes proofing army airlines and civil aviation device of flight forecast, reading sailing notices, developed control programme, heard weather explained, research route, and     Prepared drop airport of weather live and forecast; (three) received aircraft took off of informed Hou, according to flight plans Telegraph and the location report points of is expected to time, fill in flight process single, equipped with control interval, deployment flight conflict; (four) aircraft in this control regional within of airport took off of, should in is expected to took off Qian 10 minutes began keep listening to; aircraft in this control regional within landing (flew over the) of, should in aircraft is expected to into this control district border Qian 30 minutes began keep listening to;     (Five) has accept control transfer of aircraft, over is expected to into control airspace border time yet established contact of, should immediately asked about control room, while take measures established contact; (six) on time open and full using communications, and navigation equipment and aircraft of location report, accurate master aircraft location, supervision its keep provides of route and interval standard flight, over is expected to flew over the location report points 3 minutes yet received report of, should immediately questioning situation; (VII) in aircraft is expected to enter the approach control airspace (controlled airspace from the Tower) 10-15 minutes before, and the approach control room (tower control) controls the transfer, after obtaining the entry conditions for notification of aircraft; approach control room (tower control room) and regional control rooms aren't together, to talk directly to inform aircraft landing the airport. Aircraft entering the approach control airspace (controlled airspace from the Tower), notification of aircraft conversion to approach control room (tower control room) frequency of contact; (h) change the estimated time of departure of the aircraft, the controller shall, in accordance with changes to the estimated time of departure begins work. Received aircraft driver report cannot along scheduled route flight of, or landing airport close of, regional control member should according to following program work: 1. provides route, and prepared drop airport of weather situation and aircraft driver requirements and can provides of information; 2. According to aircraft driver return or prepared drop of decided, immediately notification about control units and local army airlines control sector, and issued about Telegraph; 3. full using various navigation equipment, master aircraft location; 4.     Aircraft requirements change height or modified airlines Shi, should identified air situation, in made about control units agreed Hou, party can allows aircraft change height layer or air modified airlines; received aircraft driver has was forced to change flight height layer or air modified airlines; received aircraft driver has was forced to change flight height layer or modified airlines of report Hou, immediately will change of situation notification air about of aircraft and about of control units.     Sixth chapter visual flight rules flight control of the 185th in b, c, and d airspace under visual flight rules flight, must apply in advance to the appropriate air traffic control unit, and after approval.     186th aircraft flying by visual flight rules air traffic control unit without the approval shall, in flight above a height of 6000 meters flight, nor for transonic and supersonic flight.     187th article in b, and c, and and d class airspace and in airport traffic zone by visual flight rules flight of aircraft, should comply with following provides: (a) flight Qian should made air traffic control units of release license; (ii) flight in the strictly according to approved of flight plans flight, continued keep listening to air traffic control units of frequency, and established two-way communications contact; (three) by requirements to about air traffic control units report flew over the each a location report points of moments and height layer.     188th to facilitate the provision of flight information, alerting service as well as coordination with military units, aircraft flying under visual flight rules, or enter the relevant air traffic control units specifies the area and route flights, aircraft pilots should continue listening to air traffic control unit providing flight information service about the frequency and be required to report flight conditions and the location of the unit. 189th article by visual flight rules flight of aircraft requirements to by instrument flight rules flight of, should comply with following provides: (a) immediately to about air traffic control units report on existing flight plans will for of change; (ii) in control airspace within encountered weather below visual flight rules of minimum meteorological conditions Shi, can by instrument flight rules flight of aircraft driver, should immediately to about air traffic control units report, by air traffic control units license Hou, modified by instrument flight rules flight     Only aircraft flying by visual flight rules pilots, should be returned immediately or go to the nearest airport. 190th according to visual flight rules flight, aircraft pilot air should be closely observed.     And maintain aircraft between interval and the safety of the aircraft away from the obstacle height is responsible for correctly.     Seventh instrument flight rules flight control work the 191th aircraft flying in accordance with instrument flight rules, should be equipped with the equipment required for instrument flight and commensurate with fly-route radio communications and navigation equipment.     192th according to instrument flight rules aircraft flying, requirements to a flight according to visual flight rules, shall report to the appropriate air traffic control unit in advance, get permission to change.     Aircraft flying in accordance with instrument flight rules when visual flight rules meteorological conditions are encountered in flight, in addition to expected to be long, uninterrupted flight in Visual meteorological conditions, but shall not be permitted to change the original application and approved instrument flight rules flight plan.     Article 193th accordance with the instrument flight rules aircraft flying horizontal when cruising, air traffic control unit shall be maintained in the cruising levels specified flight.     194th article aircraft by instrument flight rules flight Shi, aircraft driver should in provides frequency Shang continued keep listening to, and to about air traffic control units report following matters: (a) flew over the each a specified report points of time and flight height, but Dang the aircraft in radar control Xia Shi, only in through air traffic control special requirements of those report points Shi only made report; (ii) encountered any no forecast of but effect flight security of meteorological conditions; (three) and flight security about of any other information. 195th provides class II operation of the airport, usually made for air traffic control towers or approach control room the control room responsible.     Tower control room should be established taking off and landing control and ground control seats. 196th airport class II operating services provided in addition to the air traffic control unit shall perform the relevant duties, should also undertake the following: (a) issuing a class II operation of notification; (ii) surveillance equipment understand these airport runway, lighting and instrument landing system performance;     (Three) through airport activities monitored and communications equipment, master and command mobile district within and instrument landing system sensitive district within of ground traffic activities status, guarantee sensitive district not by aircraft, and vehicles, objects on heading and fell signal of intrusion; (four) specified took off, and landing runway and aircraft of into away from field glide route and mobile district vehicles of driving route; (five) to aircraft timely informed meteorological, and runway road surface and help airlines lights and instrument landing system, facilities work status of information;     (Vi) control the flow of ground and air traffic, providing the necessary interval between ground transportation information.     197th article II class run Shi, aircraft Zhijian of minimum interval standard, should to program control or radar control interval for minimum interval, and in run in the at least should meet following requirements: (a) into away from field aircraft using same runway Shi, away from field aircraft took off and flew over the heading Taiwan antenna Shi, into near aircraft from received locations of distance should not is less than 10-kilometer; (ii) into near aircraft should in from grounding points 19-kilometer above cut instrument landing system heading road;     (C) aircraft in the approach in its 4-kilometer before landing a permit issued from the grounding point (iv) follow-up approach-and-landing aircraft, shall remain safe interval to ensure the machine before landing when the runway and distance from the point of not less than 10-kilometer. Section I General provisions article 198th eighth radar control surveillance radar and secondary surveillance radar for air traffic control, can be used alone or used in combination.     Primary surveillance radar should be secondary surveillance radar air traffic control requirements cannot be reached.     Secondary surveillance radar systems, particularly those with a monopulse technology and s capacity and data-link system, can be used as a major radar monitoring system alone. Using radar for air traffic control in radar coverage should be limited and in accordance with the provisions of the air traffic control unit in area.     Unit providing radar control services should be published in the flight information about running the method information and influence the relevant equipment required for air traffic control.     199th article, if the secondary surveillance radar position of precise monitoring device or other means to establish, at the request of the joint using a secondary surveillance radar and surveillance radar, a radar failure, secondary surveillance radar can be used alone, in order to have identified and to provide spacing between aircraft equipped with transponders.     No. 200 article about control district or fan District while accept radar service of aircraft of frame number shall not over in busy situation Xia can security processing of frame number, and should consider following limit factors: (a) route, and route structure by caused of complex of situation; (ii) by using of radar cover range and function; (three) on radar control member of work capacity and the fan district can accept capacity of assessment; (four) radar and communications system of automation degree;     (E) in case of radar equipment failure or other emergency situations when you need to switch to a standby facility or non-radar separation, backup radar and communication systems the technical reliability and the degree of availability can be achieved. Under normal circumstances, approach the sector control the number of seats to provide radar service to aircraft up to 8, regional sector control the number of seats to provide radar service to aircraft up to 12 aircraft.     The control unit according to the environment of the area, equipment, personnel determined the CONTROL SECTOR such as technology controls the maximum number of seats at the same time to provide radar service to aircraft.     Article No. 201 radar controller shall, in accordance with the technical specifications of radar equipment, adjustment of the radar display and full examination as to its accuracy.     Radar controllers should make radar systems work and the information displayed on the radar display to perform tasks.     Radar controllers should report equipment failures and any other provided radar service. No. 202 article provides to air traffic control units using of radar, its video map at least should including following content: (a) airport and the helicopter Airport; (ii) runway center line extension and last into near channel; (three) emergency landing district; (four) navigation Taiwan and report points; (five) route center line or route sides sideline; (six) regional border; (seven) transfer points; (eight) effect aircraft security run of obstacles real; (nine) effect aircraft security run of permanent     Features; (x) map calibration indicator and range rings (11) minimum boot height (12) area and the necessary restrictions. No. 203 of radar video image when not in use, shall not be added to the aircraft radar between intervals or guide the aircraft cut to the final approach course.     When there is no target symbols appear, the height of signs cannot be used to provide interval.     Article No. 204 on the display e-cursors can be used to help identify or guide the aircraft as well as better picture video, cannot be used as part of a video. Article No. 205 radar to detect aircraft in one location or when the air route has the potential to protect the airspace, the controller shall notify the aircraft.     If necessary, should also assist the aircraft back to fly within the airspace.     Room No. 206 the regional control radar controllers should be based on the aircraft radar position at a certain position time recorded on the Flight progress strips at least once. Article No. 207 radar when the controller deems it necessary, may require the aircraft is expected or actual flying over a specific point of the report, can also request the omitted mandatory reporting points of the aircraft position reports.     Aircraft pilots can also request the controller to provide aircraft relative to an anchor point or path location.     No. 208 article in following situation Xia, control member should to aircraft informed its location: (a) aircraft first times was recognition Shi; (ii) aircraft driver requirements provides service Shi; (three) aircraft report of location and radar control member according to radar observation to of location has significantly difference Shi; (four) radar guide Hou, if existing instruction makes aircraft deviated from its original provides of route, indicates aircraft recovery independent pilot Shi; (five) end radar service Qian, if observation to aircraft deviated from original provides of route Shi.     Article No. 209 radar control upon termination of the service shall notify the aircraft, but not informed in the following circumstances: (a) aircraft to VFR flights, (ii) the aircraft has landed, or according to directive to other frequencies; (c) the aircraft over precision radar approach. Section II secondary surveillance radar transponder used and highly recognized article No. 210 secondary surveillance radar transponder codes apply only to aircraft of the airborne transponder. Radar controller when using secondary surveillance radar control shall, in accordance with provisions of secondary surveillance radar transponder code assigned, designated for the aircraft's transponder code. Typically, in front of the aircraft into the region its transponder code shall not be required.     Aircraft pilots shall ensure at any time the transponder code is set up correctly, except in special circumstances, squawk not be changed without approval.     Article No. 211 aircraft by visual flight rules flight to IFR flight and ATC shall specify appropriate for aircraft equipped with airborne transponder codes.     No. 212 to reduce more of its target areas of clutter and reduce other negative display, you can specify the aircraft transponder is using the specified encoding into a wait state, but should direct the aircraft as soon as possible to restore the answering machine to work properly.     Article No. 213 found an answering machine when not displayed properly or does not display, radar controller shall promptly notify the relevant aircraft, identify relevant controls whether or not the seats know aircraft transponder is not working properly or do not work, and appropriate measures should be taken to confirm that.     Article No. 214 in the following special cases you should use the following special codes: (a) when unlawful interference is encountered in the air, using A7500; (b) radio failure, use A7600; (c) emergency and distress, using A7700.     Article No. 215 secondary radar radar controllers in the specified encoding, use only the assigned SSR code and should reduce the number of transform coding as possible. Article No. 216 radar controllers to accept after the transfer shall track the aircraft flight path. Without purpose or that there is not a normal height readings, height should be confirmed. Altitude reading could not be confirmed, the display cannot be used to provide the service interval.     Aircraft height has been identified can be considered the following conditions: (a) the height and height differences less than 60 metres of the aircraft pilot reports, (ii) successive readings of the aircraft on the ground height change is less than plus or minus 90 meters above sea level at the airport and (iii) sign high and others identified by the control unit on a high degree of consensus.     No. 217 article radar control member in and aircraft established contact Shi should requirements aircraft driver confirmed height, but following situation except: (a) aircraft driver report has height; (ii) control member for normal rose and declined of aircraft specified has a new of height; (three) aircraft height has was confirmed, radar data showed that aircraft in specified of height Shang flight; (four) aircraft for from this system in the other seats or fan district transfer came of. No. 218 on the radar display shows the mode c altitude, the precision tolerances values of 60 meters. After establishing radar identification of radar controllers and aircraft, on the accuracy of the displayed mode c altitude to verify at least once. Found that height is not within the allowable error value, it shall notify the aircraft pilots to check. Measures taken by invalid, aircraft pilots should be required to stop using the c mode or for the prevention of aircraft location and identification information is lost, still allows you to use c models, but not as a basis for providing aircraft spacing.     Above shall notify the air traffic control unit. Using display Shang displayed of c mode height determine aircraft flight height of principles is: (a) aircraft of c mode height displayed in a a height upper and lower the 60 meters range within Shi, is can think keep in the height Shang flight; (ii) aircraft of c mode height displayed in scheduled direction of original height Shang change 60 meters above Shi, is can think has left the height; (three) aircraft rose, and declined through a a height Shi, as long as its c mode height displayed in scheduled direction Shang through this height upper and lower 60 meters Shi,     Is deemed to have crossed the height; (d) the aircraft reaches a specified height, as long as the displayed mode c altitude after three updates are in a range of height of 60 meters, can be considered to have reached the specified level. Section III radar identification No. 219 in front of the radar control services to aircraft, the radar controller shall identify the aircraft to confirm and maintain the identification until the radar control service terminated.     Lost identification, it shall immediately notify the aircraft and to identify or terminated radar service.     No. 220 article using II times monitored radar of, can through following program recognition aircraft: (a) from radar signs Shang recognized aircraft of recognition logo; (ii) observation to only has a radar target, displayed has aircraft by indicates using special location recognition function of information; (three) in radar signs Shang, directly recognized has s mode equipment aircraft of recognition logo; (four) through radar recognition transfer; (five) for set a a specified coding of aircraft, observation its comply with instruction of situation;     (Vi) through the use of transponder identification features. No. 221 article using once monitored radar Shi, can through following program recognition aircraft: (a) aircraft took off Hou, its radar target in took off runway end 2-kilometer within was found; (ii) in radar display Shang observation to of a a radar target, its location, and track and aircraft driver report of location, and track phase consistent; (three) observation to only has a radar target, according to index do not is less than 30 degrees of recognition turn; but aircraft should always in this radar effective monitored range within,     And when turning only one aircraft was doing; (d) the transfer of identification by radar.     No. 222, when two or more radar positions observed similar indicator, or observed at the same time as similar moves as well as other targets suspected cases, radar controllers identify two or more identification methods should be adopted until the confirmation so far can also be terminated radar service.     Article No. 223 of establishing for the first time on the aircraft radar or temporarily lose goal re-established after the identification of the aircraft, should be communicated to the aircraft it had identified.     Article No. 224 aircraft position information, you can use one of the following ways: (a) in relation to a notable location, (ii) to an important point, a direction and distance of the navigation equipment on the route; (c) the direction and distance from a known location and (iv) final aircraft approaching from the distance.     No. 225 article determination aircraft Zhijian of interval should according to following provides: (a) two frame aircraft of once radar logo, to two a center of distance measuring; (ii) a frame aircraft of once radar logo and another a frame aircraft of II times radar logo, to once radar logo of Center to II times radar logo recently edge of distance measuring; (three) two frame aircraft of II times radar logo, to two a logo recently edge distance measuring; as has enough of precision, also by two a center of distance measuring; (D) the two aircraft radar position symbol, with its center distance between the measured; an aircraft with another aircraft primary and secondary radar radar symbol logo, with its center to the primary and secondary radar radar symbol signs recently measured the distance between the edge.     In implementing radar separation standards, radar controllers should take into account the aircraft's direction, speed, radar, traffic congestion caused by jamming and radar control capacity, and in conformity with the provisions of the current interval. Radar handoff fourth section No. 226 radar control should be based on the transfer radar identification on the basis of or in accordance with the specific agreement of the parties, enabling recipients to establish radio contact with the aircraft immediately upon completing the identification. Radar control during the transfer interval were transferred to the aircraft should be eligible for accreditation for the minimum interval, while transfer should also be assigned to an aircraft's height and boot directive notifies the recipient.     Inside the control unit or between radar identification of transfer should be done within the radar monitoring, where technically impossible to implement, it should be explained in the transfer control protocol, or to provide for early transfer of control.     No. 227 article for aircraft radar recognition transfer of method following: (a) two a radar control seats adjacent or using same display Shi, transfer party directly in accept party display Shang pointed out that radar location indicates breaks of name; (ii) two a radar display Shang are standard has same location or navigation equipment, using communications equipment description aircraft distance above location of relative azimuth and distance, necessary Shi, should refers to Shi aircraft of heading; (three) using Automation means specified radar location indicates breaks of name;     (D) mode s coverage is effective, aircraft equipped with mode s aircraft recognition notifications receiver; (v) transform coding or the transferred party radar controller instructed the aircraft with special detection, radar controllers to be confirmed by the receiving party.     No. 228 article implementation transfer Shi, transfer party should comply with following provides: (a) in aircraft into accept party by's regional Qian completed radar control transfer; (ii) unless another has provides, in change has was transfer of aircraft of sailing all Yuan or signs data Qian should get accept party of agreed; (three) and aircraft from contact Qian should guarantee this regional within potential of flight conflict and adverse effect has get right processing, necessary of coordination has completed, guarantee interval of about flight limit has notification accept party; (Four) unless another has coordination, should according to accept party of limit implementation transfer; (five) in radar recognition of conversion was accept Hou timely and aircraft from contact; (six) unless in agreement and instruction in the has including, or should will signs or process single Shang no contains of following information notification accept party: 1. specified of heading; 2. empty speed limit; 3. issued of height information; 4. observation to of track and Shang a airlines paragraph flight situation; 5. different Yu normal using of or advance coordination of answer machine coding; 6     . Other necessary information.     (Seven) keep signs and corresponding of target related; (eight) aircraft in control member given of beyond navigation equipment role distance zhiwai flight of, should notification accept party on its for radar monitoring; (nine) control transfer Qian, for guarantee was transfer aircraft and this regional other aircraft of interval, should to accept party issued necessary of flight limit; (ten) accept party oral confirmed or automatically transfer Shi, if aircraft has was accept party recognition, is can think has completed transfer. No. 229 article implementation transfer Shi, accept party should comply with following provides: (a) in accept transfer Qian, determine target of location and transfer party transfer of location consistent, or target has right of automatically related signs displayed; (ii) accept transfer Qian, should issued security flight by necessary of flight limit; (three) unless separately coordination, should followed previously given of flight limit; (four) unless another has provides, in directly to other control district of aircraft issued change heading, and speed, and route and coding instruction Qian,     Should ahead of and aircraft where regional control room or and aircraft will through of control district for coordination; (five) accept transfer Hou should used requirements aircraft driver for location report of method confirmed once radar target, and through using II times radar answer machine special location recognition function assist confirmed II times radar target, but in transfer process in the has used had these method of, is can without repeat. No. 230 radar control radar control in the fifth section the minimum interval minimum interval (hereinafter referred to as radar separation) between apply to all aircraft by radar, a plane is taking off and 2-kilometer will be at the runway end identification of aircraft and other aircraft to be identified between.     Holding pattern between aircraft on radar separation shall be used. No. 231 article radar minimum level interval standard should according to following provides: (a) into near control shall not is less than 6-kilometer, regional control shall not is less than 10-kilometer; (ii) in adjacent control district using radar interval Shi, radar control of aircraft and control district border Zhijian of interval in without coordination Qian, into near control shall not is less than 3-kilometer, regional control shall not is less than 5-kilometer; (three) in adjacent control district using non-radar interval Shi, radar control of aircraft and control district border Zhijian of interval in without coordination Qian     , Approach control shall be not less than 6-kilometer, regional control shall not be less than 10-kilometer.     Article No. 232 if one of the following conditions, flying two aircraft can no longer maintain the vertical interval: (a) the two aircraft met and had obtained the required horizontal spacing, or (b) an aircraft reported encounter with another aircraft.     Article No. 233 outside of flight, aircraft and obstructions on the monitor distance signs shall comply with the following provisions: (a) the aircraft antenna from 50-kilometer within 6-kilometer is the minimum interval, (ii) aircraft from the 50-kilometer minimum interval for 10-kilometer.     When the aircraft flew over a sign that significant obstacles, its vertical interval can be changed with the obstacles. Radar No. 234 radar controllers should be the sixth section by specifying the aircraft flew heading implementing radar guidance. Implementation of radar-guided along the aircraft pilots should guide the aircraft as much as possible when using ground equipment to check his location and resume own navigation routes, avoid known dangerous weather.     Implementation radar Guide should comply with following principles: (a) in control regional within, to meet interval, and security, and reduced noise, and operation convenient of requirements or in aircraft driver proposed requirements Shi, should as allows aircraft maintained its independent pilot; (ii) in minimum guide height or instrument flight minimum height above, should guarantee was guide of aircraft always keep provides of super barrier more than degrees; (three) unless another has agreement, should in this control within implementation guide;     (D) shall allow aircraft within radar coverage resume own navigation.     Article No. 235 aircraft shall indicate turning direction, turning point and, if necessary, specifying that it should fly magnetic heading. When you begin to guide the aircraft shall notify the intentions of the aircraft pilots Guide. Guided termination, it shall notify the location of aircraft to indicate that it resume own navigation.     Guide the aircraft leaving the program, shall issue a height restriction. Article No. 236 aircraft away from the Guide, should be as stipulated in the standard departure route and altitude as possible. Implementation of radar vectoring immediately after the aircraft took off, before taking off, should be assigned to fly the starting course.     Guide according to instrument flight rules flight when the aircraft deviated from the standard departure route, the controller should ensure that the aircraft flew over the obstacle with no less than 300 metres from the super barrier redundancy. No. 237 article entry aircraft of guide, should comply with following provides: (a) using radar Guide entry aircraft quickly to by route stage transition to can into last instrument into near, and Visual into near or radar into near of a points; guide aircraft for starting into near and middle into near, also can to aircraft provides monitored radar into near and precision radar into near; (ii) Guide aircraft cut last into near Shi, should ensure point from outside pointing standard or last into near positioning points not less than 4-kilometer ; Unless meteorological conditions applies Yu for Visual into near, and aircraft driver has requirements Shi, aircraft height shall not below precision into near of fell road or announced of non-precision into near program of declined height; (three) aircraft driver has clear of special requirements of, can guide aircraft Yu into near entrance within cut last into near channel, but shall not in last into near points within cut; (four) in aircraft cut last into near channel zhiqian of guide process in the, should at least to aircraft informed once location; (five) regional control range within , If by control member provides take backward near Guide to airport, should in radar video figure Shang increased into near entrance and a article at least 10-kilometer long of representative last into near channel of line, the line since into near entrance began or through into near entrance extends to runway; (six) aircraft using airborne equipment for normal instrument into near Shi, should indicates aircraft in established last into near channel Shi report, received report Shi, into near radar service can terminated; (seven) Guide aircraft cut last into near channel Shi, Specified aircraft by fly of heading and last into near channel of angle not should is greater than 30 degrees; in point from last into near positioning points is less than 4-kilometer or double runway while into near Shi, the angle not should is greater than 20 degrees; (eight) if in initial cut channel Hou, observation to aircraft deviated from last into near channel, control member should take following measures: 1. in aircraft is located in into near entrance yiwai Shi, take and this article subsection (a) paragraph consistent of program.     If necessary, guide the aircraft made another approach; 2. the aircraft is located near the entrance when informed the aircraft pilots of the aircraft's position and understand the intentions of aircraft pilots. (Nine) Guide aircraft through last into near channel Shi, control member should in through Qian notification aircraft driver and description reason; (ten) non-radar into near of aircraft established last into near airlines diameter Shi, should to aircraft released last into near license; the aircraft also not established last into near airlines diameter Qian, also can released last into near license, but should to aircraft specified a last into near airlines diameter Qian should keep of height; (11) unless tower control room can provides Visual interval or and control units between another has agreement,     Radar control member in perform into near control responsibility Shi, should on landing aircraft interval of right or not is responsible for; (12) related parallel instrument into near should comply with following provides: 1. in following situation Xia, can approved aircraft using parallel runway implementation related parallel instrument into near: (1) two article parallel runway center line of distance meet international civil aviation Convention Annex 14 of requirements; (2) aircraft is for line into near; (3) radar azimuth accuracy for 0.3 degrees, update cycle not over 5 seconds;     (4) two runways in the implementation of the instrument landing system approach, and has informed the aircraft (5) communications aircraft, runway and localizer frequency (6) on the radar video map marked with a non-intrusive Strip (7) both missed the runway track at least 30 degrees; (8) the radar controller override capabilities on the phone is inserted into the control tower at any time. 2. turn parallel to the localizer of aircraft, RVSM reduced vertical separation minimum of 300 m or 6-kilometer should be provided the minimum radar separation; 3. two aircraft on the same route, 6-kilometer intervals should be provided. Unless due to the influence of wake needs to increase the vertical interval; 4. may affect instrument approach phases of flight safety factors such as surface wind, and so on, should be taken into account. Closely monitoring weather activity may affect the final approach course.     According to the final approach path near the weather can change at any time using the approach mode. (13) independent parallel instrument into near should comply with following provides: 1. in following conditions Xia, approved aircraft using parallel runway for independent parallel instrument into near: (1) two article parallel runway of center line distance meet international civil aviation Convention Annex 14 of requirements; (2) aircraft is do line into near; (3) is using radar guide aircraft cut heading road; (4) two article runway are in implementation instrument landing system into near; (5) informed aircraft using runway, and the heading road frequency; (6) runway sides should     Has at least 610 meters wide of non-invaded zone, in two article runway center line extension between equidistant established, and standard in radar video figure Shang; (7) two article runway complex fly track at least difference 30 degrees; (8) on each article runway has one control member on into near for monitored, in cannot keep 300 meters vertical interval Shi, ensure aircraft not into non-invaded zone and and in heading road Shang of aircraft keep minimum longitudinal interval; (9) radar control member has at any time insert Tower calls of Super control capacity. 2. prior to anchor outside the aircraft flying off, notify the aircraft pilot instrument approach can be used and air frequencies and the track number. This information can be provided through airport automatic Terminal information service system, 3. guide the aircraft with less than 30 degree angle cut into the final approach course and cut at least 2-kilometer before flying. Guide shall, before cutting to the localizer, established localizer at least 4-kilometer aircraft fly; 4. are turning to final approach in parallel between the aircraft should be provided at least 300 m vertical interval or 6-kilometer radar separation.     The same aircraft on the final approach course, provide at least 6-kilometer radar separation, to the flight until the aircraft established on the localizer.     5. when cutting to the final approach course heading is specified, shall be notified to the following: (1) in relation to the location of the anchor point on the localizer, and (2) maintaining a height until established on the glide path and (3) to the corresponding permission to approach the runway.     6. regardless of weather how, should using Xuan up monitored all of into near and keep listening to tower frequency, ensure aircraft not into non-invaded zone, and: (1) Dang observation to aircraft flew turn points or continues to along will into non-invaded zone of heading flight Shi, should indicates the aircraft immediately change heading, turned to right of most waiting into near channel up; (2) Dang observation to aircraft are into non-invaded zone, should indicates in adjacent last into near channel Shang of aircraft note avoid yaw of aircraft.    7. one of the following conditions occurs, terminated radar: (1) you can use the VISUAL SEPARATION, (2) aircraft was landing or missed approach.     If you go over the departure end of the runway at least 2-kilometer, and any other aircraft has been established between the appropriate interval. Seventh section adjustment No. 238 radar controllers to facilitate radar control or reduce the radar-guided, can require that aircraft under radar control to adjust the speed specified.     When the indicated airspeed, and often specify a multiple of 20-kilometer/h, when the Mach number is used, multiple of 0.01 Mach number. In implementing speed limits, radar controllers specified speeds should be endorsed by aircraft pilots, and should avoid speed more or less alternating.     If you have previously specified speed is not necessary, it shall notify the aircraft pilot. Intermediate and final approach speed of aircraft weight shall not be greater than 40-kilometer/hour.     Aircraft awaiting flight or flying over the distance in the final approach runway 8-kilometer, speed should not be used.     Article No. 239 controllers directing aircraft when adjusting the speed the aircraft specified in annex x of these rules shall be referred to adjust speed adjust speed using the minimum standards provisions. Eighth section into the article No. 240 and regional radar control approach radar control area is the area control area and the space between the tower control area.     Into near radar control of task is for Guide entry of aircraft, makes of from route stage transition to can using airborne and ground equipment into last instrument into near of a points or monitored radar into near, and precision radar into near, and Visual into near of a points; for guide away from field of aircraft makes of left tower control room regional Hou as soon as possible arrived cruise height layer, or shortened flight airlines diameter, simplified away from field program.     Article No. 241 approach radar controllers in the following cases should be transferred to the control tower controllers to: (a) aircraft final approach Path has been established, from the grounding point is less than 19-kilometer, the weather show that aircraft can then complete the approach, (ii) the aircraft reported seeing the ground; (c) the aircraft was landing.     In all three, choose whichever is the earlier.     No. 242 article into near control room implementation radar control Shi, into near radar control member should: (a) understand weather situation, made this regional within the airport of weather live; (ii) calibration radar display; (three) understand check communications, and navigation equipment work situation; (four) understand this regional Army Civil Aviation of flight dynamic; (five) prepared flight process single; (six) understand latest sailing notices; (seven) do about other prepared; (eight) according to about provides implementation control service. No. 243 article regional control room implementation radar control Shi, regional radar control member should: (a) understand this regional and regional within the airport of weather live; (ii) calibration radar display; (three) understand check communications, and navigation equipment work situation; (four) understand this regional military, and civil aviation device of flight dynamic; (five) understand adjacent control units of radar work situation, confirmed will implementation radar transfer; (six) and adjacent control units determine radar or non-radar control coordination transfer of method; (seven)     Prepare Flight progress strips; (h) in accordance with the relevant provisions of regulation services. Nineth section tower control No. 244 article airport terminal district implementation radar control Shi, tower control room should comply with following provides: (a) airport tower control member should and into near radar control member on airport range within of meteorological conditions, and flight plans for consultations and implementation corresponding of coordination; (ii) in tower control room range within for instrument meteorological conditions of situation Xia, has away from field aircraft Shi, tower control room control member should: 1. Control airport mobile district within aircraft of activities; 2. to into near radar control member obtained release license     , And to leave the aircraft, released 3. permission to release aircraft entered the runway, 4. obtained from the approach radar controllers and timely release to the aircraft permission to take off, 5. to the incursion to the departure time of the aircraft in accordance with the regulations; 6. directs the aircraft to contact approach control to complete the handoff. (C) the Tower within the scope of the control room is under instrument meteorological conditions, when the approaching aircraft, tower control room controllers should: 1. receive approach radar controllers informed the final approach the aircraft position reports, or final approach the aircraft established contact, publish landing permission.     Landing permission should normally be issued at the entrance to the aircraft from the runway 7 to 11-kilometer, but no later than the latest aircraft from the runway entrance 4-kilometer; 2. aircraft taxiing after landing instructions, 3. complex of aircraft fly, immediately notify the approach radar controllers, and at the direction of control, then handed over the responsibility to approach radar controllers. (Four) tower control room range within for Visual meteorological conditions Shi, tower control room control member should: 1. to in tower control room control district within by visual flight rules flight of aircraft provides control service; 2. approved aircraft in tower control room control district within by visual flight rules flight, and on its implementation control; 3. deployment by visual flight rules flight of aircraft and into this control district by instrument flight rules flight of aircraft Zhijian of conflict, adjustment landing order; 4. Transfer between the airport tower control and approach control, should be completed before the aircraft approach the runway, or completed immediately after the aircraft off the ground, to ensure that the aircraft after taking off from the runway end, 2-kilometer is recognized.     Between Tower and approach control room the control room of the transfer of control, by mutual agreement, and other methods, 5. equipped with bright radar indicator Tower, displays on the monitor can be used to identify aircraft, determine the aircraft's position, provide updated location information to the aircraft and related meteorological information. No. 245 tenth radar approach control radar approach control refers to the aircraft in accordance with the standard instrument when a program approach, radar controller using surveillance radar for surveillance radar approach or using precision approach radar, precision radar approach. When implementing a radar approach control, approach radar controllers should be provided to the aircraft on final approach direction and runway distance information. When conducting surveillance radar approach control, should be provided to aircraft should be flying high.     When precision radar approach control, should be provided to aircraft falling Path guidance.     Radar approach control services provided, do not change the aircraft pilot or the minimum weather standards for landing at the airport. Section No. 246 approach radar controller in the radar or precision radar approach services, in addition to this sort of approach is directly related to the duties may not undertake any work has nothing to do with the service.     Using radar-guided approach the approach radar controllers should have developed by type of guided approach about the obstacle clearance altitude. Article No. 247 before the start of final approach, approach radar controllers should be communicated to the aircraft position at least once, and should indicate the distance is measured from that point.     Start radar near, it shall notify the aircraft the following information: (a) track that will be used, (ii) the applicable obstacle clearance altitude, and (iii) the glide Path angle and (iv) radio failure procedures to be followed. Section No. 248 unless otherwise provided, grounding aircraft as radar approach distance is about 15-kilometer, the approach radar controller shall notify the tower control room. If the approach radar controller did not receive clearance to land at the moment should be notified and again at about 8-kilometer from the point requesting clearance to land.     Approach radar controllers should be published before the aircraft arrived from the touch down point 4-kilometer landing permission.     In following situation Xia, into near radar control member can command for radar into near of aircraft complex fly: (a) Dang aircraft in last into near in the in dangerous of location Shi; (ii) exists flight conflict; (three) aircraft has distance grounding points 4-kilometer or arrived and tower control room agreed of other distance Shi, yet received non-radar control member of landing license; (four) tower control room control member released complex fly instruction.     Airport tower controller issued overshoot instructions shall conform to established procedures, and should include the climb should arrive in height prevents the aircraft from flying out of the go zone.     Only aircraft pilot has seen the airport, approach radar controllers to publish a visual approach permits, terminated radar vectors. The 11th Festival surveillance radar approach and precision radar approach No. 249 surveillance radar accuracy, installation location and communication equipment shall comply with the requirements.     Only on the radar display marked runway extension cables and connect the distance signs, control unit in order to provide the aircraft with radar surveillance radar approach control service.     In addition to meteorological conditions indicate that there is considerable confidence that they can successfully complete surveillance radar approach, but provides precision approach radar control unit may only surveillance radar approach services.     Approach radar controller imposed controls but for an aircraft surveillance radar approach services shall not be responsible and work not related to surveillance radar approach.     Implementation monitored radar into near Shi, into near radar control member should perform following duties: (a) aircraft began for last into near, notification aircraft the monitored radar into near service in what points terminated; (ii) notification aircraft, it are close is expected to of began declined points, and in aircraft arrived the points yiqian, notification aircraft super barrier height, indicates aircraft declined and check applies of minimum standard; (three) according to runway Center extension of relative location released azimuth indicates;     (Four) each 2-kilometer notification aircraft once from received locations of distance; (five) in provides distance information of while, notification aircraft in the points should through of height, makes its keep in fell road Shang; (six) met has following situation one of Shi, into near radar control member should terminated monitored radar into near: 1. aircraft from grounding points 4-kilometer Shi; 2. aircraft into continuous of radar miscellaneous wave Qian; 3. aircraft report can for Visual into near Shi. If surveillance radar has enough accuracy and approved by the Civil Aviation Administration, surveillance radar approach services can continue to the runway, or reaches a point less than 4-kilometer at a point. But in this case, shall report every 1-kilometer a distance and height.     When aircraft from the grounding point is less than 8-kilometer, do not allow more than 5 seconds of communication interrupt.     Implementation of surveillance radar control service unit shall be equipped with height and distance of the standard values.     ATC aircraft reporting should be required to see the runway lights, approach lights, runway or airport.     No. 250 article implementation precision radar into near should comply with following provides: (a) implementation precision radar into near of control units should distribution has meet provides standard and by CAAC approved of precision into near radar equipment, party can provides precision radar into near control service; (ii) precision into near radar control member only is responsible for a frame aircraft of precision into near radar control service, shall not while bear and precision into near radar control has nothing to do of work; (C) relating to air traffic control units shall be cut into the slide Path on board aircraft not less than 2-kilometer, the approach of the aircraft transferred to the responsible for the precision approach radar controller. Precision into near radar control member in provides the service Qian, should on communications equipment for check; provides service Shi, should master calls of rhythm, two times calls of time interval shall not over 5 seconds, aircraft in for the radar into near Shi, without repeat control member of indicates; (four) precision into near radar control member provides of azimuth intelligence should according to runway center line extension relative location determine, necessary Shi should notification aircraft change heading, makes its returned to normal of channel Shang; (five) aircraft close cut fell airlines diameter Shi, Precision approach radar controllers should be reminded of the aircraft started to decline and examine the decision altitude (vi) in the process of approaching, precision approach radar controller shall provide the aircraft glide path location intelligence and height adjustment notice. Dang aircraft is arrived fell road Shang Shi, should notification aircraft; (seven) aircraft from grounding points 8-kilometer Qian, precision into near radar control member should each across 2-kilometer to aircraft released once its from received locations distance of intelligence, in 8-kilometer within each across 1-kilometer released once from received locations distance of intelligence; (eight) aircraft Xia down to minimum declined height or decision height Shi, the into near service terminated. But the precision approach radar controllers should continue to publish information until the aircraft flying over the runway threshold. Only in equipment precision license, and by CAAC approved of situation Xia, party can will aircraft Guide to complex fly points; (nine) aircraft in into near process in the, as radar of fell road indicates system failure, precision into near radar control member should timely notification aircraft, and began implementation monitored radar into near of control service; (ten) Dang found aircraft may began complex fly Shi, precision into near radar control member should take following measures: 1. as has enough of time made aircraft driver of answered, Shall be notified to the height of the aircraft above the slide Path and asked whether aircraft pilots to execute a missed approach. Aircraft pilots need to overshoot, precision approach radar controller shall notify the overshoot instructions 2. short time unable to obtain aircraft the pilot answered, should continue to be precision approach, informed the displacement of aircraft, and ends at a normal end point approach.     If the information clearly indicated the aircraft was in overshoot, precision approach radar controller should be in the normal end point before or after notification overshoot instructions.     12th Festival of radar information service No. 251 uses radar to provide flight information services, does not relieve the pilot of aircraft from any responsibility, the aircraft pilots still has the last word.     Article No. 252 on the radar display information can be used to provide the aircraft to be identified with the following information: (a) any observed an aircraft with aircraft in the Path of a conflict already identified on the intelligence and related recommendations for action to avoid collision and (ii) significant weather information, avoid bad weather advice and command aircraft deviation and (iii) assist in aircraft navigation information. Section No. 253 observed the aircraft to be identified and unidentified aircraft conflicts can lead to risk of collision, the radar controller shall inform the aircraft of unknown intelligence aircraft under its control. As aircraft pilot's request, shall provide recommendations on avoidance.     Risk of conflict does not exist, shall promptly notify the aircraft. Article No. 254 secondary radar if unconfirmed, shall notify the aircraft pilots have a risk of collision between, and said that the information has not been confirmed.     Height has confirmed that the information should be clearly issued to aircraft pilots.     No. 255 of the aircraft will travel through dangerous weather related information shall be published sufficiently in advance to the aircraft, so that aircraft pilots to take action.     Radar controllers guide aircraft deviation shall ensure that aircraft within radar coverage returns to the expected or specified track the flight.     13th section No. 256 in the radar control service at the airport surveillance radar system can be used for the provision of airport services: (a) the radar surveillance aircraft in the final approach, (ii) the radar monitoring of other aircraft in the vicinity of the Airport; (iii) interval between aircraft and provide navigation help for visual flight rules flight.     Guided by radar when flying under visual flight rules aircraft, the aircraft may not be into instrument meteorological conditions. No. 257 article using scenes monitored radar Shi, should comply with following provides: (a) installation airport scenes monitored radar, should according to airport work conditions, and visibility, and Exchange flow and airport layout determine; (ii) scenes monitored radar, should according to airport work conditions, and observation, monitored mobile district within cannot Visual observation part of traffic situation; (three) scenes monitored radar display Shang of intelligence, can for following control work: 1. monitoring mobile district within aircraft whether comply with release license and the instruction; 2.     No traffic on the landing and taking off before the runway, 3. provide maneuvering within or in the vicinity of important traffic information 4. determine the position of tactical aircraft in the area; 5. when requests for aircraft pilots or controllers when necessary, provided to the taxiing aircraft guiding intelligence. (D) vehicles and aircraft radar position indicator, or non-symbol appears in the form of available symbols.     The identification method is as follows: 1. a particular radar position indicator with controllers visually observed the aircraft position of aircraft or aircraft pilot reported location or aircraft identified on radar surveillance radar display position indicator is associated; 2. radar transfer; 3. automatic recognition program. 14th section radar control special situation disposal No. 258 article radar display Shang appeared 7600 coding or and aircraft lost two-way communications Shi, radar control member should take following measures: (a) in original with frequency Shang instruction aircraft for a specified action to said received indicates, and observation aircraft track, using change answer machine coding or using special location recognition, method, confirmed the aircraft whether has accept capacity. As take above measures Hou aircraft still no reaction, is should in other aircraft may keep listening to of available frequency Shang repeat for; (ii) in confirmed the aircraft of radio receiver also has accept capacity Hou, can continues to provides radar control service, and requirements aircraft continues to to effective way confirmed received indicates; (three) confirmed the aircraft has completely lost communications capacity Shi, if the aircraft where regional is used radar interval, or the aircraft is into used radar interval of regional Shi, Lost communications contact capacity of aircraft has was recognition, in above regional within can continues to used radar interval, until lost communications capacity of aircraft landing or known the aircraft has fly out this regional; (four) Dang a frame aircraft took off Hou, in forced requirements using answer machine of area flight of aircraft encountered answer machine fault, about air traffic control units should according to flight plans as guarantee the aircraft continues to flight to first a scheduled landed airport.     If, in certain cases cannot continue to fly, especially when taking off shortly after found to have a transponder failure, may require the aircraft returned to the airport or by the aircraft operators and air traffic control units agree that attempting to land at the nearest airport.     Article No. 259 aircraft appeared on the radar display "7500" or "7700" encoding, radar controllers should take the following measures: (a) use all means of communication with the aircraft pilots confirmed the aircraft is in consistent with the meaning of the code; (b) confirms that the aircraft is in line with the coded meaning when disposal according to the relevant provisions.     No. 260 article aircraft in this control district yiwai occurred special situation Shi, radar control member should take following measures: (a) in radar display Shang observation to the aircraft using special coding Shi, should active informed is responsible for control the aircraft of control member or control units, and in May of situation Xia, active provides radar intelligence; (ii) if adjacent Control District of control member requests, and can in radar display Shang observation and recognition to the aircraft, should to the control member provides radar intelligence;     (C) aircraft in exceptional circumstances, should draw on the radar display the aircraft's flight path and ongoing monitoring. Section No. 261 have special radar equipment failure, the radar controller shall take the following measures: (a) indicating the location of all aircraft is recognized, and non-radar controllers to act together, non radar separation between the aircraft. Requirements non-radar control member bear has established non-radar interval of aircraft of control work, immediately notices all aircraft radar control service terminated and implementation program control interval; (ii) by radar interval to program interval Shi, emergency situation Xia can used half height layer deployment height interval, but should as soon as possible equipped with provides of height layer; (three) notices adjacent control district implementation program control of situation, and to aircraft fly into adjacent control district implementation program control transfer, can take measures limit into this regional of aircraft of number,     To achieve in the case of radar is not used safely dealing with the number of aircraft (iv) promptly notify radar protection sector radar fault conditions; (e) radar after restoration work, the radar controller should identify the aircraft again, confirmed on the continued implementation of the radar control and restoring radar control shall be notified of the relevant air traffic control unit.     Article No. 262 if ground radio equipment for use in radar control, cannot continue to provide radar control services shall immediately mark the location of all the aircraft that have been identified, and program controllers to act together, in establishing program controls the interval between aircraft. Article No. 263 when observed at a recognized control aircraft and an unidentified aircraft, or recognized outside the controlled airspace IFR aircraft flying with another aircraft on a Path of conflict pose a collision danger, radar controllers should be communicated to the aircraft under its control of unknown aircraft movement. If an aircraft pilot or radar controllers judged when there is a risk of collision between, should be recommended to aircraft pilots to take action to avoid collision.     Flight activity does not exist, shall notify the aircraft as soon as possible. Nineth part of complex weather conditions and special cases section under complicated meteorological conditions of air traffic control regulation No. 264 of complicated meteorological conditions refers to thunderstorms, icing, turbulence, wind shear, low visibility and other inclement weather affecting flight safety.     When encountering adverse weather conditions, the controller should be aware of the weather conditions within a control zone and evolution, promptly notify the operation of aircraft in the control zone. No. 265 tower control room controllers should use Visual and instrument observations airports weather changes from the Tower, when considered with the meteorological information provided by the Meteorological Department when there is a difference, shall promptly notify the Meteorological Department.     In urgent cases, you can notify aircraft, but should note is the tower controller observed.     Article No. 266 aircraft reported to the controller when inclement weather information, shall promptly inform the Meteorological Department and the operation of aircraft in the region.     Article No. 267 aircraft flying in the region reported to the ATC complex and bad weather, aircraft provide meteorological information in a timely manner, provided no inclement weather, route and altitude of the airport, to open the navigation equipment to help them avoid bad weather, to return or fly to an alternate airport.     Section No. 268 controllers needed can require the aircraft reported the following meteorological information: (a) the position of flight meteorological conditions; (b) meteorological conditions along the route of flight; (c) between a point and a point of meteorological conditions. No. 269 article has thunderstorm activities Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) according to weather forecast, and live and radar observation, information, master thunderstorm of nature, and range, and development trend,; (ii) using radar master aircraft location; (three) will aircraft driver report of thunderstorm intelligence, timely informed about of other aircraft; (four) understand landing airport, and prepared drop airport and route weather situation; (five) aircraft driver decided around fly thunderstorm Shi, to timely provides thunderstorm intelligence and around fly recommends,     Apply for flying around the air space, the deployment of other aircraft collision avoidance.     No. 270 article Dang route Shang has freezes Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) according to weather forecast and aircraft driver of report understand freezes of height, and range and strength; (ii) to aircraft driver understand aircraft freezes situation and from freezes district of intent, provides air traffic intelligence, and about weather intelligence and recommends; (three) timely open about communications navigation equipment, using radar master aircraft location; (four) deployment about aircraft avoid.     Section II ground-air communication No. 271 when not with aircraft flying in the area to maintain two-way radio communications when contact air traffic control measures should be taken in accordance with this section.     Section No. 272 of the aircraft lost communication, if the controllers cannot identify the aircraft received control commands, both aircraft may follow before losing communication with the height of the layer and is expected to fly to the landing at the airport, but also might be diverted to an alternate airport. No. 273 article Dang and aircraft lost communications contact Shi, control member except identified reasons outside, should quickly take following measures: (a) through about control room and air other aircraft of communications wave road, managed to and the aircraft established contact; (ii) using local can using of communications wave road continuous to issued air traffic intelligence and meteorological intelligence; (three) open about navigation equipment, using radar master aircraft location, notification aircraft change heading or change answer machine coding, to identified its whether received instruction,     And take measures (iv) deployment of air about the aircraft collision avoidance and (e) notify the airport to prepare for alternate; (f) the tower control room when he checked with the arrival and departure of aircraft could not be established, you should use symbols and signals of the auxiliary contact. No. 274 article lost communications contact of aircraft needed to prepared drop airport Shi, in does identified aircraft can received control instruction of situation Xia, control member should take following measures: (a) aircraft in cloud Xia by visual flight rules flight Shi, indicates aircraft still keep in cloud Xia by visual flight rules flight, can in route Office is modified airlines to prepared drop Airport; (ii) aircraft by instrument flight rules flight Shi, should indicates aircraft according to instrument flight rules flight to scheduled landing airport of navigation equipment over, By navigation equipment over modified airlines to prepared drop Airport; (three) aircraft modified airlines to prepared drop airport and change heading Hou, if original height layer meet height layer equipped with provides, should indicates its keep in original provides height layer flight; if original height layer below minimum security height, should indicates its rose to meet new heading of minimum security height layer flight; if original height layer not meet new heading of height layer equipped with, should indicates its Xia down to meet new heading of height layer flight, if declined Hou of height may below minimum security height Shi,     The instruction shall be increased to the minimum safety altitude required by the new course (iv) notify the alternate airport control unit prepared and provided to the aircraft to the airport flight information required. Article No. 275 aircraft EN-ROUTE to lose communications when contact was related to regional control officer shall lose radio contact information to route air traffic control units. Area regional control room controllers at the airport of destination should be 15 minutes before the aircraft approached the airport area is expected constantly landing conditions, indicate that the aircraft is flying level occupied by Airport navigation station to the landing, and informed approach control and tower control rooms.     Approach and tower control room should be repeated making approach and landing conditions, until the aircraft landed so far. No. 276 controllers should be deprived of communication, aircraft landing airport navigation is expected to arrive on 10 minutes, will wait for the footprint of the airspace the aircraft height level is free, other aircraft through.     The aircraft are expected to arrive within 30 minutes of navigation over time, against other aircraft waiting to fall within the airspace.     Aircraft lost communication shall, within the time period specified above landing.     In accordance with the actual departure time arrival time, the aircraft landing priority start time of a drop height.     No. 277 aircraft lost communication has landed, or contact has been restored, or found inside the aircraft is expected to fly over the navigation station 30 minutes aircraft may revive the activities of the other aircraft, and to immediately notify the control room.    No. 278 article for storms effect lost to empty communications contact Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) notification about control room using various wave road, especially is high frequency, managed to and aircraft contact; (ii) using radar monitored aircraft flight; (three) notification aircraft using is high frequency and with route or near of aircraft communication contact, mutual informed situation, and strictly keep provides of height layer flight; (D) suspension of aircraft taking off (v) suggested that overflights by aircraft landing at the airport or the nearest airport. Radio compass failure section III article No. 279 aircraft reported to the ATC radio compass fails, shall take the following measures: (a) asked and reasons for failure of radio compass, (ii) guided by radar and aircraft flight; (c) aircraft under a cloud when flying under visual flight rules, should direct its continued under visual flight rules flight in cloud. When flying an aircraft under instrument flight rules, as decided by the pilots of aircraft to assist the aircraft in flight or landing at the nearest airport.     In May of situation Xia, should according to aircraft driver of requirements deployment aircraft to cloud Xia by visual flight rules flight; (four) away from field aircraft yet fly out into near control district Shi, can recommends the aircraft return landing; (five) landing airport of weather meet instrument flight rules flight conditions, and the institutions and no precision into near radar or instrument landing system Shi, control member should provides weather better and lights, and radio help airlines facilities more perfect of prepared drop airport, for aircraft driver select.     In the fourth section No. 280 engine failure during takeoff, the aircraft when the pilot reported an engine failure, the controller should be deployed other aircraft in time to avoid immediately on the protection unit of aircraft landing and rescue work. No. 281 article route flight in the, aircraft driver report part engine failure Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) understand aircraft driver intent; (ii) provides near airport of information and about of flight intelligence; (three) if aircraft cannot keep original specified height continues to flight, timely deployment about aircraft avoid; (four) aircraft cannot keep minimum security height, and cannot flew to near airport landing, aircraft driver decided select site landing Shi,     Should work in compliance with the search and rescue program.     No. 282 article engine part failure of aircraft into near landing Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) in aircraft landing Qian, notification airport management institutions do rescue prepared work; (ii) empty out the aircraft occupied of and following of height, ban other aircraft and and rescue has nothing to do of vehicles in mobile district within activities; (three) allows aircraft in favourable of height fly to landing airport. Fifth section cockpit lost pressure No. 283 article received aircraft driver report aircraft for Booster system failure emergency declined Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) according to aircraft at of location, quickly notification other aircraft avoid, and immediately informed about control units; (ii) allows aircraft in not below security height of situation Xia, Xia down to 4000 meters following height flight; (three) aircraft Xia down to lower height layer flight Hou, understand its range time; (four) according to aircraft driver of decided     The timely provision of required in landing the aircraft continued to fly, or the nearest airport flight information. Sixth section Trek or unknown of aircraft No. 284 article received aircraft driver report Trek Shi, air traffic control member should take following measures: (a) understand aircraft of range capacity, according to the aircraft issued of all location report, projections out aircraft of rough location and used all available means determine aircraft of location; (ii) open about navigation equipment, using radar search, to aircraft provides guide, command other aircraft avoid; (three) according to aircraft by at conditions, Timely issued following control instruction: 1. Dang aircraft low flight Shi, instruction its rose to favourable of height, easy expanded horizon and radar observation; 2. Dang aircraft in mountain flight Shi, instruction its turned flat area flight; 3. Dang aircraft in border near Shi, instruction its turned border inside flight, then take resume service measures; (four) according to aircraft of rough location, guide aircraft fly to navigation Taiwan or significantly landmarks (railway, and Lake, and rivers, and city,) Hou, notification aircraft location.     As decided by the landing aircraft pilots to fly to the airport or the nearest airport, notifications should be flying course and provide flight information (v) as needed on the aircraft-related information and instructions issued to the aircraft, notify the air traffic control unit and aviation equipment and control unit.     Section No. 285 aircraft pilots to take all measures still cannot resume service, and decided to land at the Airport found or selected sites landing, controllers should be as well informed as possible landing situations and locations and search and rescue procedures.     No. 286 article to provides air traffic control of need or by about Army airlines control units of requirements, air traffic control units once found has unknown of aircraft in this regional within flight, should tried to recognition the aircraft, and take following measures: (a) managed to and the aircraft established two-way communications contact; (ii) asked other air traffic control units on the aircraft of situation, and requirements they help and the aircraft established two-way communications contact; (three) managed to from in the regional within of other aircraft get intelligence.     No. 287 of unidentified aircraft an air traffic control unit in identifying circumstances, aircraft should be timely informed about the military, civil aviation air traffic control unit.     Seventh section air fire No. 288 article received aircraft driver report aircraft air fire Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) understand fire parts and aircraft driver by take of measures; (ii) allows aircraft Xia down to minimum security height, deployment other aircraft avoid; (three) aircraft driver decided flew to near airport landing or select site landing Shi, timely provides by needed of flight intelligence, will landing locations timely notification search and rescue units;     (D) provide facilities and priority landing permission to the aircraft on fire, to let it go; (e) the notice on the protection unit and airport authorities for the aircraft landing and rescue preparations. Eighth section air hijacked No. 289 article received aircraft driver report or from II times radar found aircraft was hijacked of alarm signal Shi, control member should take following measures: (a) as verified and understand aircraft was hijacked of situation; (ii) immediately report duty led and by anti-hijacking work program implementation work; (three) consider aircraft driver may take of mobile flight measures, quickly deployment other aircraft avoid; (four) according to at of situation,     Quickly provide the nearest airport for aircraft pilots use; (e) after the aircraft landed, indicating aircraft pilots slip away from the Terminal and apron, tank position; (vi) at all during the flight, using radar to monitor the aircraft's movements. Nineth section interception of civil aircraft No. 290 When army traffic control unit observed that civil aircraft may be flying into or has entered into a spatial, and when it comes to blocking, air traffic control unit that the situation should make every effort to identify the aircraft and to the navigation of the aircraft needed to provide guidance to prevent aircraft from being intercepted.     Informed about the relevant situation and military units. No. 291 article Dang civil aviation device was intercept Shi, its where airspace of air traffic control units should take following measures: (a) in any available frequency Shang, including emergency frequency 121.5 MHz, and was intercept of civil aviation device established two-way communications contact; (ii) according to about Army airlines control units of requirements, will intercept a thing notification was intercept of civil aviation device; (three) with about of and intercept aircraft keep has two-way communications contact of army airlines control units established contact, And to its provides can get of on was intercept civil aviation device of intelligence; (four) according to need, in intercept aircraft and was intercept of civil aviation device Zhijian or in about Army airlines control units and was intercept of civil aviation device Zhijian conveyed information; (five) and about Army airlines control units close coordination, take all necessary steps to guarantees was intercept of civil aviation device of security; (six) if the civil aviation device is from international adjacent flight intelligence district yaw or Trek errors into of,     Shall notify the air traffic control unit of the flight information region.     No. 292 article Dang learned that civil aviation device adjacent regional are was intercept Shi, air traffic control units should depending on situation take following measures: (a) notification was intercept civil aviation device where regional of air traffic control units, and to its provides helps recognition the civil aviation device of intelligence; (ii) in was intercept of civil aviation device and about air traffic control units, and about Army airlines control units or intercept aircraft Zhijian conveyed information.     Tenth section, emergency drain No. 293 allows, a discharge equipment of aircraft taking off and landing at the airport, should be designated fuel dumping areas near the airport and provides oil-flight route, height, the relevant information should be based on NOTAM publication. Article No. 294 aircraft need emergency oil shall be promptly reported to the air traffic control unit.     Air traffic control aircraft units received emergency oil application, shall promptly place the aircraft flew to oil routes, height and area weather conditions notice aircraft pilot.     Article No. 295 aircraft and oil drain interval between aircraft shall conform to one of the following minimum spacing standards: (a) put oil in aircraft flight altitudes above 900 meters by, (ii) from oil-16-kilometer; (c) the oil after 15 minutes through the completion of aircraft fuel.     Article No. 296 when the aircraft emergency oil, area at the airport's air traffic control unit shall notify the air traffic control unit and automatic Terminal information service systems or ground-air radio frequencies, broadcast notices every 3 minutes until the emergency fuel after the 15 minutes.     Emergency fuel after the air traffic control unit shall promptly issue a termination notice.     11th search and rescue section No. 297 received aircraft emergency, report or in distress signals, controllers should quickly identify aircraft the urgency, nature of distress, immediately in accordance with the cases is unknown, alarm, distress phase of program service delivery.     (A) the uncertainty phase should take the following measures: 1. immediately report the shift leader and contact on the control unit, 2. According to the aircraft lost communication procedures; 3. adopt corresponding measures to search for, try to communicate with the aircraft contacts. (Ii) alarm stage should take of measures following: 1. notification rescue units do rescue prepared, and report duty led; 2. open communications, and navigation, and radar equipment for Search; 3. notification about control room, open communications, and navigation, and radar equipment for Search; 4. deployment air about aircraft avoid, notification emergency of aircraft instead alternate channel, or notification other aircraft temporarily reduced calls or instead backup channel; 5. Dang in emergency of aircraft is no landing dangerous Shi,     According to the condition of aircraft, provided conducive to flight safety instructions in a timely manner, and assist aircraft pilots to handle dangerous situations.     (Three) distress stage should take of measures following: 1. immediately report duty led, notification about report room and control room, and according to People's Republic of China search rescue civil aviation device provides notification about search rescue units; 2. will distress aircraft of speculated that location, and activities range or aircraft landing locations notification rescue units; 3. If aircraft presence outside landing Shi, should as identified aircraft landing situation and locations.     Section I of the tenth chapter coordination and transfer of the air traffic control unit and military unit No. 298 of coordination between air traffic control units shall and may affect the flight of civil aircraft in aviation equipment and control units to set up communications and maintain close coordination signed an agreement coordinating bodies and can be specified as needed.     When military air control unit will arrange for activities that have an impact notification of civil aircraft, air traffic control unit shall take the initiative to coordinate with related aviation equipment and control units, these activities are published in a timely manner of relevant information, and to make the best arrangements for civil aviation activities in order to avoid danger to civil aircraft, as far as possible to the normal operation of civil aircraft to minimize interference.     No. 299 article air traffic control units and about Army airlines control units Zhijian in coordination Shi should note following matters: (a) understand flight activities of locations, and regional, and time, and nature, avoid close or again designated set original has established of air traffic control route, avoid effect aircraft using most economic of flight height layer or route run; (ii) about air traffic control units and organization flight activities of units should established directly communications, to for coordination and civil aviation device occurred emergency event Shi using.     No. 300 air traffic control units shall be in accordance with local Protocol program, routine or upon request to the traffic control unit offers the aircraft, flight planning and dynamic information.     Section II of the air traffic control unit of coordination with the operators of the No. 301 aircraft operator agreement is made with the air traffic control unit, air traffic control unit shall, in accordance with the operator's request, the relevant information provided by the operator or its designated representative.     Article No. 302 of flight dispatching service operator agreement is made with the air traffic control unit, air traffic control unit shall, in accordance with the operator's request, transfer received information about running to the operator or its designated representative. Coordination of air traffic control services section III article No. 303 approach control and tower control room shall comply with the relevant regional control room coordinating instructions issued.     Tower control room should also comply with the approach control room coordinating instructions issued.     Section No. 304 control room should be the process of with flying the required flight plan and control information passed to the adjacent regional control rooms, the above information should be sent in a timely manner, so that adjacent regional control rooms have enough time to receive and analyze and reconcile. No. 305 article if aircraft of took off locations distance adjacent of control regional border not far, took off Hou to accept units issued flight plans and control intelligence, in accept units no enough of time for analysis and coordination Shi, transfer units should in release aircraft zhiqian will control intelligence and please to accept of requirements to accept units, and comply with following provides: (a) if flight in the of aircraft in adjacent of regional control border Qian requirements release license,     Flight plan and control information to adjacent areas prior to and coordinated with the control room, should make the aircraft in controlled airspace to transfer units to wait.     (B) if the aircraft in the control zone near the border require changes to its current flight plan, or transfer of units proposed changes in the current flight plan of the aircraft near the border, in front of the receiving Office does not accept transfer units modified release a permit issued should be suspended. Article No. 306 if aircraft took off from the adjacent area not far from the border, while data is being issued is expected to fly over the border, hadn't yet taken off an aircraft flying over the boundary of time air traffic control units shall be in accordance with the calculation of the estimated time of departure.     Requirements in the flight time to ATC clearance of aircraft flying over the border, based on waiting time flew to border should be coupled with the estimated time required to coordinate calculations. Before the transfer of control of the No. 307, transferring and accepting parties shall coordinate and by the coordination of conditions for the transfer.     If both sides have a transfer agreement, you can transfer by agreement. Article No. 308 regional control rooms in their aircraft flying in the region, you can specify a different air traffic control unit provides control, but the aircraft flying in controlled airspace, before the aircraft flew beyond the regional boundaries at which still bear the primary responsibility for air traffic control.     Establish communication with aircraft not flying to the transfer of control point accepted by the liaison units, without the prior consent of the transferred units before consent may not change to the aircraft's control directives. Article No. 309 in order to implement the transfer of control of the aircraft, transfer unit should notify the receiving Office, to which the aircraft is ready to be handed over.     Receiving Office shall immediately or from aircraft flying over the provision of transfer of control point to bear the responsibility of controlling the aircraft.     Article No. 310 area non-radar control room using the minimum space standards, aircraft ground-air communications should be in 5 minutes before the aircraft flew over the area boundary, from the handover of units transferred to the receiving unit.     Article No. 311 in the transfer of control radar separation minimum standards, aircraft ground-air communications shall be accepted after they agree to assume the responsibility of control their units immediately from the handover of units transferred to the receiving unit.     Article No. 312 unless otherwise agreed between the regional control rooms, receiving Office shall notify the transferring unit, with aircraft transferred to establish radio contact and has assumed control of the aircraft. Article No. 313, if the position of a part of a control area, make aircraft through it for too short a time to be implemented by the control room control, the region may authorize the control room adjacent to the control room to provide control services, and establish a direct transfer agreement by the delegate control room.     Entrusted the control room should be crossed is delegated regional inform the delegates of all flight control rooms; delegate control room can also ask the other two regional control rooms to comply with the necessary requirements to avoid interference with the air traffic in the area. Article No. 314 area approach control room the control room allowed aircraft to the region, you can control permit issued without having to contact your regional control rooms. But when you go, if you approach the aircraft enter the region control area, it shall immediately notify the regional control rooms.     Measures should be coordinated by the regional control and approach control rooms before implementation.     Article No. 315 in the following cases, the departure time of the aircraft should be qualified by the area control: (a) the ATC clearance before they are published to approach control room, regional control rooms should be coordinating with Tower and (b) for aircraft flying along the same route, require air route flight interval.     Article No. 316 regional control room did not qualify if the departure time, when needed and when released to the regional coordinating the flight control room, approach control room should determine the departure time. Article No. 317 aircraft takeoff delay may and is not allowed to approach control room of flight conflict, regional control rooms should provide that failure of the ATC clearance time.     Approach in the regional control room the control room as a result of the need to release the license in addition to the qualifying time, but the time to failure in any case not later than the time provided for in the control room.     Article No. 318 when weather conditions require line up closer, regional control reached the aircraft should be released to the waiting point, the ATC clearance should include about waiting for instructions and the expected approach time.     Article No. 319 on the airport approach control room has been set up, if all the approach procedure conducted under Visual meteorological conditions, after coordination with the approach control room the control room, you can directly release aircraft tower control room. Article No. 320 approach control room for arriving aircraft should continue to control until the aircraft over to tower control room and when the aircraft has already contacted the tower control room set up so far.     Unless otherwise agreed, in instrument meteorological conditions, the approach control room only arriving aircraft handed over to tower control one Chamber.     Article No. 321 approach control tower control rooms can be authorized according to the approaching aircraft's condition, decided to release aircraft take off on their own.     No. 322 article same air traffic control units within of the control seats Zhijian, should mutual exchange about following aircraft of flight plans and control intelligence: (a) control responsibility by a control seats transfer to another control seats of aircraft; (ii) in near Fan district Zhijian border flight of may effect adjacent fan district traffic control of aircraft; (three) control of responsibility by program control member handed radar control member of aircraft and other by effect of aircraft. The fourth section provides flight information service and alerting service coordination Article No. 323 in the adjacent flight information regions between the air traffic control unit providing flight information service, aircraft flying in accordance with instrument flight rules should be coordinated to ensure that specified region or aircraft flying along the corridor continues to provide flight information and alerting service.     Coordination between air traffic control units shall be conducted in accordance with the relevant agreement.     Article No. 324 when coordination between air traffic control units, flight shall provide the following information: (a) the current flight plan about the project; (b) for time last communication with the aircraft concerned.     Article No. 325 of the information should be on board aircraft before entering the adjacent flight information regions to provide flight information air traffic control service units in the district.     Fifth section within the control transfer of responsibility Article No. 326, at any time, control of the aircraft should be assumed by an air traffic control unit. Article No. 327 without consent of the receiving control unit shall not control responsibilities from one air traffic control unit of the aircraft transferred to another air traffic control unit.     Transfer control unit shall be related to existing flight planning and information relating to the move to accept the control unit.     Article No. 328 accept transfer of control units shall, in accordance with conditions determined by the control unit, the body's ability to accept the control of the aircraft as shown in.     The 11th chapter, errors and accidents investigation section accident and incident No. 329 air traffic accidents are mainly caused by air traffic control, flight accident or air incident ground.     Section No. 330 air traffic control incidents refers to major incidents caused by air traffic control flight events.     No. 331 classification of air traffic control incidents in accordance with the Civil Aviation Administration of publishing of People's Republic of China civil aviation industry standard implementation of the provisions of the civil aircraft flight accidents. No. 332 article due to a species reasons led to is run of aircraft Zhijian of longitudinal interval, and side to interval, and vertical interval while is less than following provides of interval standard, for air aircraft dangerous close: (a) in route flight stage (refers to in regional control district within of flight) Shi, dangerous close is refers to: 1. longitudinal interval: similar two aircraft is less than 3-kilometer; 2. side to interval: similar two aircraft is less than 3-kilometer; 3.     Vertical interval: 12500 m in height or the height is more than 200 12500 m (not included) when less than 100 meters.     (B) the approach phases of flight (on approach flights within the control zone), dangerously close to mean: 1. vertical interval: two similar aircraft than 2-kilometer; 2. lateral separation: two similar aircraft of less than 1-kilometer. 3. vertical interval: two similar aircraft of less than 100 meters.     (C) the tower control area while flying dangerously close to mean: 1. vertical interval: two similar aircraft less than 500 meters, 2. lateral separation: close to two aircraft less than 200 m, 3. vertical interval: two similar aircraft of less than 50 meters.     No. 333 article measuring air aircraft dangerous close interval data of according to for: (a) radar records of data; (ii) to empty calls recording records of data; (three) aircraft driver of report; (four) control member of report and records; (five) airborne instrument, and records instrument, and indicates (displayed) data; (six) pilot all Yuan calculation; (seven) other evidence. Second section errors No. 334 article due to air traffic control work Shang of errors, caused following situation one of of event, for air traffic control serious errors: (a) flight canceled, and return, and prepared drop; (ii) in aircraft instrument into landing Shi, errors to close navigation equipment or while open with frequency two-way navigation equipment, and to this implementation control; (three) command aircraft landing process in the violation tail flow interval provides; (four) effect near control district control units of normal work,     Or aircraft flying out of the area after 10 minutes have not yet establish radio contact with the control zone under (v) hosted abroad, an important task of the special flight, does not apply to these countries or for an error, (vi) organizations in the process, an important task of the special flight, for control reasons the errors adversely affect foreign; (g) in the course of duty out of position.     No. 335 article due to air traffic control work Shang of accidentally, caused following situation one of of event, for air traffic control errors: (a) errors will aircraft command fly to gun shot district, and area, and danger zone, but into Qian get corrected; (ii) aircraft can see flight Shi, open wrong or errors shut navigation equipment, or while open with frequency two-way navigation equipment; (three) flights delays up 15 minutes above; (four) plane arrived away from time errors plus or minus 15 minutes;     (Five) not by provides to units issued about aircraft of flight plans, and took off, and landed, and delays, and canceled, situation of telegraph or notification, or issued of telegraph or notification has errors, and missed; (six) not by provides for control transfer, caused accept party work passive; (seven) two aircraft longitudinal, and side to, and vertical interval while is less than provides of interval data, but not is less than provides of interval data of one-second; (eight) duty process in the not fill in flight process single; (nine) violation this rules 15th article of provides;     (J) breach of this system, the code of the program of work, and system, but minor.     Section III survey organization and procedures, article No. 336 of air traffic accidents and incidents, according to the State and the relevant provisions of the Civil Aviation Organization investigation, serious errors or mistakes in air traffic control, by errors on the unit level unit responsible for organizing investigations.     No. 337 investigation of accidents, incidents or errors should be widely collected and all the information related to accidents, incidents, errors, including reports, access to the relevant records, examination of the relevant records, field surveys, and recorded the conversation with the personnel, reviewed the technical qualifications of the person on duty, the tape playback video, photography, drawing, and so on.     Article No. 338 after the end of the data collection, shall classify the various aspects of the obtained data, collating, verifying, so facts are clear.     No. 339, the investigation process should be based on the materials, identify the causes of accidents, incidents, errors, and clearly define responsibilities, made concluding remarks.     Article No. 340 investigation after the accidents, incidents, direct cause of errors and exposes issues and make recommendations for improvements and preventive measures. Fourth section reports No. 341 flights on air traffic conflict or due to air traffic control causes endangering flight safety incidents shall report truthfully and in good time.     Problems occurred shall, within 24 hours of the main control room situation escalating into total control room, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of aviation safety management program report.     Area air traffic control departments of the authority shall, within 3 days of the event details report of CAAC air traffic management Bureau, and within 7 days report and report the results of management of CAAC air traffic management Bureau. No. 342 air traffic incidents were reported in accordance with the rules of the air traffic incident report form in annex VIII form.     As far as possible to the air traffic control unit provides complete information on air traffic, enabling it to as soon as possible to the aircraft pilot or aircraft operator feedback the results of the investigation, in order to take corrective measures. Article No. 343 Air traffic incident report form is available for aircraft pilots to fill out after landing an aircraft in air traffic, air traffic control unit can be made available to record from the radio, telephone or telex air traffic incident report received.     No. 344 article aircraft driver on with about of air traffic event, should according to following program work: (a) in flight during with appropriate of to empty frequency report compared important of event; (ii) in landing Hou as soon as possible submitted a copies fill good of air traffic event report table, to detailed confirmed in flight in the issued of report or report in event occurred Shi not needed immediately report of event.     Article No. 345 aircraft pilots in flight to radio air traffic incident, should report on the following matters: (a) the event type, (ii) the aircraft call sign, location, height, (iii) time the event occurred, (iv) for a description of other aircraft, and the brief description of the event. No. 346 in the air traffic incident report form to fill out incident categories, you can directly fill in the type of event.     Provide air traffic incident report to other countries can be classified according to the International Civil Aviation Organization, that is dangerously close to ground equipment failure, failure to follow the correct procedures and fill in.     12th chapter sector partition and control section I General provisions Article No. 347 seats set to meet traffic growth and improve the efficiency of air traffic services, air traffic control unit in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, which is divided into a number of seats or the scope of control sectors.     No. 348 article set fan district should consider following factors: (a) this area airspace structure; (ii) air traffic control airlines network, including route number, and cross points number and the location, aircraft flat fly, and rose, and declined of percentage; (three) control air traffic volume; (four) aircraft activities of geographic distribution; (five) control member capacity; (six) communications, and navigation, and monitored equipment capacity; (seven) airport and the runway situation; (eight) flight profile; (nine) airspace needs;     (J) the method of control (11) coordination with other units, (12) conversion of aircraft flight route and sector level.     Section No. 349 units annual traffic of more than the provisions of this chapter, the air traffic control unit shall submit a control seat set plans and implemented within a year. Second section tower control room No. 350 article tower control room the control seats is divided into following several class: (a) airport control seats, is responsible for on in airport control zone within activities of aircraft provides air traffic control service; (ii) ground control seats, is responsible for on in except runway outside of airport mobile district within activities of aircraft, and vehicles, and personnel implementation control; (three) release license released seats, is responsible for to aircraft released release license,; (four) Director seats, is responsible for on the tower control room and other units of coordination,     And oversees its operation.     No. 351, tower control room control seat settings, shall comply with the following provisions: (a) should be set at each tower control room airport Gallery, (ii) annual flights out of more than 40000 airport, should be created in the control tower ground control seats; (c) the annual flights out of more than 100000 airport in its control tower Clearance delivery additional seats.     (D) shall be established at each tower control room Director seats.     Section III approach control room No. 352 year landing vehicles more than 36000 or complex spatial environment of the airport, you should consider setting approach control room.     No. 353 article into near control room control seats is divided into following several class: (a) entry control seats, is responsible for on entry landing of aircraft provides air traffic control service; (ii) away from field control seats, is responsible for on away from field took off joined route of aircraft provides air traffic control service; (three) Director seats, is responsible for into near control room and other units of coordination, and monitoring control room of run status.     No. 354 article into near control room control seats of set, should meet following provides: (a) airport years landing over 36000 sorties of airport, should set into away from field control seats; (ii) airport years landing over 60000 sorties of airport, should respectively set entry control seats and away from field control seats; (three) each into near control room are should set Director seats; (four) cannot set into near control room of or in into near control room established Qian, can in tower control room established into near control seats. Fourth section regional control room No. 355 article regional control room control seats is divided into following several class: (a) program control seats, using program control method on this control district within of aircraft provides service; (ii) radar control seats, with route control radar on this control district of aircraft provides air traffic control; (three) Director seats, is responsible for and other units of coordination work, audit about flight plans, supervision flight activities; (four) flight plans prepared seats, is responsible for audit approved flight plans; (five) informed seats,     Is responsible for to units informed flight dynamic information and plans, and for necessary of coordination; (six) military coordination seats, is responsible for military aviation and civil aviation air traffic control units Zhijian of coordination; (seven) flow management seats, according to flow management of principles and program, for by's area of flight flow for management; (eight) search rescue coordination seats, is responsible for aircraft search rescue of coordination work. No. 356 article regional control room control seats of set, should meet following provides: (a) no radar equipment of regional control room should established program control seats; (ii) has radar equipment of regional control room should established radar control seats; (three) each regional control room are should set Director seats; (four) each regional control room are should set flight plans prepared seats; (five) informed seats according to this units actual need set; (six) military coordination seats according to need set; (seven) flow management seats according to need     Settings; (VIII) search and rescue coordination area control centre should be set up seats.     13th air traffic control facilities section I article No. 357 of ground-air communications facilities ground-air communications facilities to the air traffic control, should be independent radio stations and is equipped with an automatic recording facility.     Article No. 358 regional ground-air communications facilities to the control room, and the control of aircraft flying in the area and have the appropriate equipment for direct, fast, uninterrupted and clear two-way communication. Article No. 359 in near-ground-air communications facilities to the control room, should be a dedicated channel, and with its control of aircraft flying in the area and have the appropriate equipment for direct, fast, uninterrupted and clear two-way communication.     Approach control service functional areas control room or tower control rooms, and can also serve as the control room on the channels of communication used to direct, rapid, uninterrupted and clear two-way communication.     Article No. 360 Tower ground-air communications facilities to the control room, should be able to make the tower control room with flying in the scope of control of the airport and aircraft equipment to direct, rapid, uninterrupted and clear two-way communication.     Article No. 361 the operation of motor vehicles in the region in order to control the airport, preventing them from colliding with aircraft should be based on the need to set up separate land mobile radio-telephone communication channels set up tower control room with two-way communication between the vehicles.     Section II article No. 362 of aeronautical fixed communication infrastructure for air traffic control units shall be equipped with the aeronautical fixed communication infrastructure, including packet communication and direct phone, Exchange and transmission of flight plans and flight dynamics, and coordinating the transfer of air traffic control.     No. 363 article regional control room should equipped with aviation fixed message communications facilities and following air traffic control units for communications contact: (a) this control district within of into near control room, and tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room; (ii) adjacent of domestic and abroad of regional control room, and into near control room; (three) this control district where area of authority control room, flight Intelligence Center; (four) total control room.     No. 364 article into near control room should equipped with aviation fixed message communications facilities and following air traffic control units for communications contact: (a) this control district within of tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room; (ii) adjacent of tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room, and about of regional control room, and into near control room; (three) this control room where area of regional control room, and authority control room, and flight Intelligence Center; (four) total control room.     No. 365 article tower control room should equipped with aviation fixed message communications facilities and following air traffic control units for communications contact: (a) this airport air traffic service report room; (ii) adjacent of tower control room, and into near control room, and airport air traffic service report room; (three) this airport where area of flight Intelligence Center, and regional control room, and into near control room, and authority control room; (four) total control room.     Article No. 366 airports air traffic services reporting Office air shall be equipped with a fixed message communication facilities to communicate with the air traffic control unit the following contact: (a) adjacent air traffic services reporting Office, tower control, approach control room, (ii) area of the airport's flight information center, regional control rooms, control room, tower control room of the authority, (iii) total control room. No. 367 article regional control room should equipped with through phone, communications facilities and following units for communications contact: (a) this control district within of into near control room, and tower control room, and related airport air traffic service report room; (ii) adjacent of domestic and abroad of has coordination transfer business of regional control room, and into near control room; (three) this control district location of authority control room; (four) CAAC flight flow management units; (five) about of army airlines control room; (six) about of sea rescue Center; (seven     ) For the unit to provide the meteorological services, (VIII) for the Communications Department of Aviation of the unit provides services; (IX) provided the NOTAM service for this unit.     No. 368 article into near control room should equipped with through phone communications facilities and following units for communications contact: (a) this control district within of tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room; (ii) adjacent of has coordination transfer business of into near control room, and tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room, and regional control room; (three) this control district location of regional control room; (four) about of army airlines control room; (five) for this units provides service of meteorological room;     (Vi) for the Communications Department of Aviation of the unit provides services; (VII) NOTAM Office of this unit provides services; (h) direct control of the navigation station.     No. 369 article tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room, should equipped with through phone communications facilities and following units for communications contact: (a) this airport where area of regional control room, and into near control room; (ii) adjacent of has coordination transfer business of into near control room, and tower control room, and airport air traffic service report room, and regional control room; (three) airport rescue and emergency disposal sector; (four) airport site command center; (five) apron management service sector; (six) airport lights sector;     (VII) provided the Meteorological Service for this unit, (VIII) for the Communications Department of Aviation of the unit provides services; (IX) NOTAM Office of this unit provides services; (j) direct control by Airport navigation station.     No. 370 total dispatch Office and authority control room should be equipped with a direct telephone communication between facilities to communicate.     Article No. 371 aeronautical fixed communication facilities between air traffic control units shall have the following functions: (a) direct phone, for purposes of radar handoff should be able to immediately establish communications, for other traffic, should be established within 15 seconds; (b) the packet communication and packet transmission time must not exceed 5 minutes. Direct telephone communications facilities to the air traffic control unit, there should be an automatic record function automatically records should be kept for 30 days.     If you automatically record associated with flight accidents and flight incidents shall be in accordance with the requirements save for a long time, until clear until you no longer need to retain. Direct telephone communications program should be developed, and to establish communications in accordance with the level of priority to communication order.     Calls can be interrupted when necessary, to ensure that aircraft emergency situations, air traffic control units to immediately establish contact with relevant authorities.     Section III monitoring and navigation facilities Article No. 372 usually an air traffic control unit shall be equipped with appropriate ATC surveillance equipment to monitor and guide the aircraft safe and normal flight in the area of responsibility. Article No. 373 primary and secondary radar data, shall be equipped with an automatic recording system for the investigation of flight accidents and flight incidents, search and rescue and air traffic control and surveillance system of evaluation and training use.     Mobile communications, fixed communications and surveillance infrastructure of the automatic recording system should be under the unified control of the clock and be able to synchronize. Article No. 374, secondary surveillance radar data records should be kept for 15 days.     If the records associated with flight accidents or flying incidents, it should be requested in the survey unit of the long-term preservation, until when it is not needed so far.     Article No. 375 of the airport and air route shall, in accordance with air traffic control and aircraft operation need to be equipped with a Visual and non-visual navigational facilities.     Clause No. 376 for airport and air route of Visual and non-visual navigation facilities and operating irregularities, relating to the Security Department shall be notified to the air traffic control unit. Article No. 377, airport and air route for Visual and non-visual navigation and surveillance facilities, air traffic control units shall be in accordance with the notification to open on time.     If the facility outages, the authorities concerned shall immediately report to the air traffic control unit.     Fourth section of airport facilities airport activities should be based on Article No. 378 aircraft operations and air traffic control needs, sets and painted light and Visual labels.     No. 379 for activities within the airport runway, taxiway, security road, ramp, landing zones and Visual signs and lighting available, the authorities concerned shall promptly notify the air traffic control unit.     No. 380 activities within the airport runway, taxiway, safe road, the landing strip and Visual signs and other information is subject to change, the units concerned shall immediately inform the air traffic control unit.     No. 381 airport areas all affect the safe and normal operation of the aircraft in danger, such as runways, taxiways and near a temporary obstacle or under construction, the authorities concerned shall promptly notify the air traffic control unit.     The fifth section No. 382 civil aircraft in aviation weather weather (weather surveillance), stations, air traffic control unit shall be to provide the needs of the latest airport and airway weather forecast and weather conditions, to perform the function of air traffic control.     Article No. 383 civil aviation meteorological (weather surveillance), to air traffic control units to provide meteorological data format, you should use the air traffic control staff are easy to understand, provide the number of air traffic control needs should be met.     Article No. 384 of civil aviation meteorological (weather surveillance), station, near the air traffic control unit shall be set, weather stations, station personnel and air traffic control units to discuss the meteorological information.     Article No. 385 of the airport and air route hazardous weather phenomena of the aircraft running, aviation weather (meteorological monitoring) stations, station shall, without delay, provide to the air traffic control unit, and indicate the weather phenomena in detail the location, scope, direction and speed.     Article No. 386 to provide air traffic control units at high and low-altitude meteorological data in digital form and used by the air traffic control computers, air traffic control and meteorological (weather surveillance), stations should be on the content, format and transmission method for consultation arrangement.     No. 387 article civil aviation meteorological (meteorological monitored) Taiwan, and station should to flight Intelligence Center and regional control room provides its by's responsibility district within airport and route of following meteorological information: (a) important meteorological intelligence; (ii) special air meteorological report; (three) existing weather report; (four) weather forecast (including revised forecast); (five) by air traffic control units specified of interval time provides specified locations of existing pressure data, to dial are height table. No. 388 article civil aviation meteorological (meteorological monitored) Taiwan, and station should to into near control room and tower control room provides its by's responsibility district within airport and airspace within of following meteorological information: (a) existing weather report; (ii) weather forecast (including revised forecast); (three) special weather report; (four) by air traffic control units specified of interval time provides specified of airport and locations and existing pressure data, to dial are height table; (five) as using multiple wind meter, should clear indicate,     To identify monitoring by each wind meter runway and runway location.     Article No. 389 approach control and tower control room shall be equipped with surface wind indicator, indicates that the wind data with meteorological (weather surveillance), surface wind indicator from the same vantage point and the same wind meter. Article No. 390 instrument meter airport runway visual range, its Tower and approach control room the control room shall be equipped with an indicator, for reading out the existing runway visual range data, aircraft for takeoff and landing and approach to provide services.     Data should be indicated by the indicator is equipped with meteorological station, station indicators data from the same vantage point and the same visual range surveying equipment.     No. 391 special weather report, revised weather forecasts of bad weather or the expected bad weather report, aviation weather (meteorological monitoring) stations, station air traffic control units shall be offered in a timely manner, not to wait until the next regular report available, so as not to lose time, endangering flight safety.     Flight information air traffic control unit Article No. 392 in the sixth section should establish contacts with the appropriate flight information service unit to be able to receive timely intelligence on activities have a direct impact on flight.     14th chapter No. 393 national flight traffic management section management flow management institutions are divided into civil aviation flight flow management units and regional authority flow management unit levels.     No. 394 article CAAC flight flow management units of duties following: (a) master national of flight plans and flight dynamic; (ii) monitoring international route, and domestic main route and flight volume intensive area of flight flow, proposed implementation flow control of measures and organization implementation; (three) control civil aviation regularly and not regularly flight took off, and landed moments; (four) and non-civil aviation units for coordination; (five) coordination area authority flight flow management units Zhijian occurred of flow management problem;     (Vi) coordination of regional authority flow management unit and related traffic between the aircraft operator's traffic Department problems.     No. 395 article area authority flight flow management units of duties following: (a) master this area authority range within of flight plans and flight dynamic; (ii) monitoring this area authority range within of flight flow, proposed implementation flow control of measures and organization implementation; (three) according to CAAC flight flow management units of instruction, organization this area authority about control units implementation instruction of requirements; (four) on this area authority the airport regularly and not regularly flight took off, and landed moments proposed audit views;     (E) coordination with the relevant non-civil aviation units in the region (vi) coordination takes place between the air traffic control unit of the authority in the region in question; (VII) coordinating the Authority's air traffic control units and aircraft operator issues related to flow between the traffic Department.     Article No. 396 of the air traffic control unit is a flow control implementation unit.     Section II implementation principle No. 397 of flight traffic management flight traffic management into advanced traffic management, flight flow management and real time traffic management.     Implementation of flight traffic management is based on the principle of advanced traffic management and flight traffic management, real-time traffic management subsidiary. Article No. 398 advanced traffic management, including the adjustments result in national and regional routes, making timetables and flight coordination on non-scheduled flights before flight time.     The aim is to prevent the aircraft in an area or too concentrated and appear overloaded traffic at the airport, endanger flight safety, flight normal.     No. 399 before flight flow management is when bad weather navigation radar facilities, communications failures, expected sector or regional traffic overload situations, to change the methods of driving route, change of aircraft, departure time to divert air traffic, maintain normal order.     No. 400 article real-time flow management is refers to Dang flight in the found or according to flight forecast will in a a route, and a a regional or a a airport appeared flight flow over limit Shi, take change airlines paragraph, opened fan district, limit took off, and landing moments, limit into control district moments or limit through a a navigation equipment over of moments, arrangements aircraft air waiting for, adjustment aircraft speed, method, control aircraft according to provides interval has order to run.     Article No. 401 course structure recommended by the Board, by the CAAC air traffic management Bureau concerned before implementation. Article No. 402 coordinating flight schedules on a regular basis, proposed by the aircraft operator, after the examination by the authority and approved by the CAAC air traffic management Bureau.     Coordination of non-regular flights, in accordance with the relevant provisions.     Article No. 403 route due to bad weather when you need to change the scheduled flight, by the aircraft operator or the CAAC flight apply flow management unit, coordinated by the Civil Aviation Administration after units, inform the relevant authority to flow management unit and the air traffic control unit.     Communications, navigation, radar installation fails when you need to change the scheduled flight, units from the failed escalation to the Civil Aviation Administration, managed by the CAAC to flow after the units concerned, to the relevant district authority flow management units and the air traffic control unit changing schedule routes cables. Expected sector or regional traffic overload when you need to change the route or flight segments, by the regions concerned to the regional authority flight control room traffic management unit report, if measures taken relate only to control units in the area, by local authority flow management unit to coordinate with local authorities after publishing changing course or segment notifications and flow management unit reported to the Civil Aviation Administration flight records.     If measures taken outside the area of jurisdiction, it should be reported to the civil aviation flight traffic management unit. Article No. 404 waiting for takeoff and landing, and the air program, according to the flight air traffic flow management need to determine zone control unit has the power to limit the control of airports in the region take off or enter the transfer time, a region on the right to be a control room or near the (tower control room) area proposed aircraft flew into the control zone restrictions, the right to additional sectors. Approach control room (tower control room) is entitled to be a regional control room control zone proposed aircraft flew into the control zone restrictions, the right to additional sectors. Tower control unit has the power to limit by region (near) control room control of aircraft entering the control zone at the moment of the landing.     Tower control unit has the power to limit driving and departure time of the aircraft.     Control unit above limit requirements, shall promptly notify the other would limit requirements on the control unit, the other on the control unit to the aircraft limiting instructions.     Section I of chapter 15th flight level route and flight level routes No. 405 flight routes and routes the aircraft shall follow the flight level is equipped with flight.     Really route angle in 0 degrees to 179 degrees range within of, flight height layer according to following method divided: (a) height by 900 meters to 8100 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (ii) height by 8900 meters to 12500 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (three) height in 12500 meters above, each across 1200 meters for a height layer.     Really route angle in 180 degrees to 359 degrees range within of, flight height layer according to following method divided: (a) height by 600 meters to 8400 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (ii) height by 9200 meters to 12200 meters, each across 600 meters for a height layer; (three) height in 13100 meters above, each across 1200 meters for a height layer. Flight level shall be calculated according to assume that sea level under standard atmospheric pressure. Its route angle shall be measured from the routes starting and turning point.     As individual segments of the route twists should be based on the overall direction of the route.     No. 406 article select flight height layer, should consider following factors: (a) only in route sides the 25-kilometer within of highest elevation not over 100 meters, and atmosphere pressure not below 100,000 PA (750 mm mercury column) Shi, to allows in 600 meters of height layer flight, if highest elevation over 100 meters or atmosphere pressure below 100,000 PA (750 mm mercury column), flight height layer should corresponding improve, to guarantee flight of real height not below security height;     (B) the best of aircraft flight level, (iii) route weather condition; (d) the routes to a minimum height of flight safety, (v) airline flight level use; (vi) nature of the mission. No. 407 for the same route, several aircraft and flights and mutual influence, should normally each aircraft is equipped with two different height of the layer.     If not equipped with different flight altitude, can allow several aircraft on the same route, flights within the same level, but the vertical interval of the provisions should be maintained between aircraft. Article No. 408 aircraft flight level as well as by the responsible air traffic control unit is responsible for the management of the route. Application and approval procedures are as follows: (a) take off an aircraft pilots, dispatchers, or his representative, no later than 45 minutes before the estimated time of departure of aircraft to the local air traffic services reporting Office to file a flight plan, proposed using the flight level of the request, (ii) takeoff airport regional control room on the requested flight level aircraft have the right of approval. Regional control room if on application of height layer has objections, should in aircraft is expected to took off time Qian 20 minutes notification tower control room; (three) aircraft drive Qian, aircraft driver should to tower control room application release license and report intends select of flight height, tower control room in released release license Shi should clear approved of flight height layer; (four) along route other regional control room, if on took off aircraft application of or Shang a regional control room approved of flight height layer has objections,     Should be in control of the aircraft flying into the area brought up the district control room 10 minutes ago. Article No. 409 Aircraft at the time of the cruise, due to mechanical failure, ice, fly around thunderstorms and other reasons need to change regulations when cruising levels, the aircraft pilots should be reported to the air traffic control unit because, the exact location of the aircraft, and requests.     Air traffic control unit allows the aircraft changing cruising levels, should be clearly changes the height of the layer and change the level of location and time.     Article No. 410 in time of emergencies threaten flight safety, aircraft flight level under the pilot can decide to change, but should be immediately reported to air traffic control units, and is responsible for the right decision.     Height beds are on their own, turned 30 degrees to the right in the direction of the aircraft flight and fly this heading for 20-kilometer, parallel course rise or fall to new levels, and then back to the original route. Section II non-route and flight level routes No. 411 airport airspace flight level is equipped with, starting from 600 meters, every 300 meters to a level.     Minimum waiting for the height from the ground up the real obstacle height shall not be less than 600 metres from the instrument approach procedures the starting height shall not be less than 300 meters.     No. 412 article route waiting for airspace of flight height layer equipped with, 8400 meters following, each across 300 meters for a waiting for height layer; 8400 meters to 8900 meters for a waiting for height layer; 8900 meters to 12500 meters, each across 300 meters for a waiting for height layer; 12500 meters above, each across 600 meters for a waiting for height layer route waiting for airspace of minimum flight height layer shall not below route minimum security height.     Article No. 413 tower control room or the altitude of the approach control room within the control area, regardless of the altimeter dial using positive, no matter what course, vertical separation between aircraft under 12500 meters shall be not less than 300 meters.     Traffic circuit flights on aircraft with a minimum safe altitude of aircraft, the vertical interval cannot be less than 300 meters. 16th chapter unmanned balloons No. 414 unmanned balloons are divided into the following categories: (a) refers to light unmanned balloons carried total less than 4 kilograms of one or more unmanned balloon payload. But by this article subsection (three) paragraph 2nd, and 3, and 4 items designated for heavy balloon who except; (ii) medium no driving balloon is refers to carry total quality is equal to or is greater than 4 kilograms and is less than 6 kilograms of two pieces or more pieces industry contains of no driving balloon, but by this article subsection (three) paragraph 2nd, and 3, and 4 items designated for heavy balloon who except; (three) heavy no driving balloon is refers to carry of industry contains meet following conditions one of of no driving balloon: 1. its total quality is equal to or is greater than 6 kilograms; 2. which a pieces of quality is equal to or is greater than 3 kilograms     3. one of the quality is equal to or greater than 2 kilograms and its density is greater than 13 g/cm; 4. hanging with a rope or other device containing required 230 n or greater momentum to the payload and balloons out.     Article No. 415 unmanned balloons without State approval of the competent authorities and cast locations, air traffic control units permit may not be running.     No. 416 under any of the following circumstances, heavy unmanned balloons without permission from the air traffic control authorities, shall not at any height below the standard height of 18000 meters run through: (a) a cloud or overhead over four-eighths horizon of the sky, (ii) horizontal visibility is less than 8-kilometer.     Cast heavy or medium Article No. 417 unmanned balloons, may not make it at less than 300 meters in height over towns or settlements in densely populated areas or nothing to do with this particular run open above a crowd. No. 418 article heavy no driving balloon should has following conditions, party can run: (a) regardless of is automatically or remote control of, in balloon Shang at least should equipment two sets their independent work of industry contains run terminated device or system; (ii) polyethylene zero pressure balloon at least with two sets their independent work of system to terminated balloon SAC of flight; (three) balloon ball SAC surface should equipment can reflection radar of device or material, to on ground of radar provides echo, or in balloon Shang equipment appropriate of device,     In order to use people continued outside the ground radar range tracking.     In secondary radar coverage in the article No. 419 cast and run a heavy unmanned balloons, balloon equipped with secondary surveillance radar transponder for reporting high.     No. 420 bar if equipped with unmanned balloons towed antenna and require greater than 230 Newton impact to make it ready for when any fault, it should be every 15 meters at the antenna is a small colored flag or streamer, may not be running.     No. 421 article in sunset to Sunrise during or in about air traffic control units provides of sunset to Sunrise during of a time, cast heavy no driving balloon and makes its in 18000 meters standard pressure height following run of, should in balloon and near and industry contains (regardless of annex and industry contains in run in the whether and balloon separation) Shang equipment at least 8-kilometer yiwai visible and its Flash frequency for each minutes at least 40 times but not than 100 times of Flash.     Article No. 422 during the period between sunrise and sunset, under standard height of 18000 meters with 15 meters above the hanging device (not very eye-catching opening parachute) of a heavy unmanned balloons should be coated with highly visible at the suspension of alternate ribbons or colored flags.     No. 423 under any of the following circumstances, cast a heavy unmanned balloon units or individuals should be used for termination of operation of devices required by this chapter: (a) when weather conditions are below the defined operational requirements; (b) for failure or other reasons, continue to run air traffic will cause harm to persons, property or the ground. Heavy or medium Article No. 424 unmanned balloons before the scheduled release, balloon unit or individual shall at least 7 days ' notice in advance the relevant air traffic service unit, the air traffic services unit shall be responsible for publishing information to the unit. Notification of content including: (a) balloon run of recognition logo or project code name; (ii) balloon of classification and description; (three) II times radar coding or NDB frequency; (four) cast balloon of units of name and contact phone; (five) cast locations; (six) is expected to cast date, and time and the activities range; (seven) as for times cast, cast balloon of number and two times cast Zhijian of interval time; (eight) cruise height layer; (nine) expected rose direction and the is expected to through 1     8000 meters standard pressure height or rose to cruise height layer (as in 18000 meters or its Xia) by needed of time and locations; (ten) is expected to end run of date, and time and plans collision recycling district of locations, as balloon engaged in long-term run, cannot precise forecast out end run of date, and time and the collision locations of, is should used "long-term" a word be description.     No. 425 if in accordance with the notification required by this chapter are subject to change before the balloon, at least 6 hours before the cast is expected to inform the relevant air traffic control unit.     No. 426 article cast medium or heavy no driving balloon Hou, cast balloon of units or personal should immediately will following content notification about air traffic control units: (a) balloon recognition logo; (ii) cast locations; (three) actual cast moments; (four) is expected to through 18000 meters of moments, if height is in 18000 meters or its Xia Shi, is for is expected to rose to cruise height layer of moments and is expected to points.     Article No. 427 of medium or heavy unmanned balloons advance plans canceled after balloon unit and individual shall immediately notify the air traffic control unit.     No. 428 heavy unmanned balloons in the air pressure height of 18000 meters or below run, balloon units or individuals shall monitor the Path of balloon, and in accordance with the requirements of air traffic control communications balloon runs and location. Article No. 429 unmanned balloons during the run, if not in accordance with the requirements document to the position of the balloon, balloon unit or individual concerned shall be informed immediately of the air traffic control unit, and last records in the notification moment.     When tracking back to the balloon, it shall immediately inform the air traffic control unit. Article No. 430 heavy unmanned balloon began falling an hour before, balloon units or individuals informed the air traffic control unit shall be to the following conditions: (a) geographic location; (b) the height (standard height); (c) the estimated time of crossing 18000 meter standard pressure altitude (if this happens).     Heavy or medium run unmanned balloons after the balloon unit or individual shall promptly notify the air traffic control unit.     Article No. 431 flight information services are provided to the aircraft concerned shall promptly provide information on unmanned balloons.     17th chapter by-laws No. 432 of the rules been in force since November 22, 2007, at 0 o'clock.       On July 5, 1999 with the Civil Aviation Administration of China, the 86th publishing, civil aviation administration of China on March 19, 2001 the 99th, amendments to the rules of China Civil Aviation air traffic management (CCAR-93TM-R3) according to this decision and accordingly modified, republished.     Annex I defines the meaning of terms used in these rules according to the following provisions: a receiving unit (ACCEPTING UNIT) accept and continue to impose control of aircraft in the air traffic control unit.     Airport (AERODROME) for aircraft taking off, landing, taxiing, parking, and delineation of the area used for other activities, including the subsidiary buildings, installations and facilities.     Airport Control Service (AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE) provide air traffic control services to airport traffic.     Tower control unit (AERODROME CONTROL TOWER) provide air traffic control services to airport traffic and set units. Airport (AERODROME TRAFFIC) all in the airport maneuvering area traffic and all aircraft flying near the airport.     All aircraft flying in the vicinity of the airport means that you have joined and the aircraft flying into and out of the TRAFFIC PATTERN.     Aerodrome traffic zone (AERODROME TRAFFIC ZONE) the delimitation of airspace around airports to protect the airport traffic.     The aeronautical fixed service (AERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE) between the fixed points under, mainly for the safety of air navigation, normal, efficient and economic operation of the provision of telecommunications services.     Aeronautical information publication (AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION) by the State issued or authorized by the State to issue contain necessary for air navigation, permanent aeronautical information publications.     Aeronautical mobile service (AERONAUTICAL MOBILE SERVICE) aeronautical station or between aircraft and between aircraft stations, including the rescue ship stations may also participate in the ground-air communication; emergency position-indicating radio beacon in the designated distress and emergency frequencies may also participate in this service.     Aeronautical station (AERONAUTICAL STATION) land station in the aeronautical mobile service, in some cases, aviation radio based in ships or offshore platforms.     Aeronautical telecommunication network (AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK) through different class space and ground communication link crew, air traffic controllers, aircraft operators provide digital data communications network for information exchange.     Aircraft (AIRCRAFT) from the reaction of air instead of the reaction on the ground from the air and gain traction on any machine in the atmosphere.     Classification of aircraft (AIRCRAFT CATEGORY) all-up weight of 136,000 kilograms (or more) aircraft for heavy aircraft; take off all major to 7,000 kilograms, less than 136,000 kilograms of aircraft for medium-capacity aircraft; all-up weight is equal to or less than 7,000 kilograms of aircraft for light aircraft.     Ground-air communication (AIR-GROUND CONMUNICATION) or on the ground at some point between the aircraft and ground radio two-way communication.     Air and ground control radio station (AIR-GROUND CONTROL RADIOSTATION) primary mission is to serve as the designated area on aircraft operations and air traffic control communication stations.     Airspace management (AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT) based on established airspace structure, realize full use of airspace, as far as possible meet the needs of operators over the airspace.     Air traffic (AIR TRAFFIC) all aircraft in flight or at the airport maneuvering area in operation.     Air traffic advisory services (AIR TRAFFIC ADVISORY SEVICE) Advisory airspace IFR flight within the aircraft, ensure as far as possible the service interval.     Air traffic control ATC clearance (AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCE) approved aircraft activity in accordance with the conditions prescribed by the air traffic control unit of the license, referred to ATC clearance.     Air traffic control services (AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICE) provide services for the following purposes: 1 to prevent aircraft and maneuvering the aircraft collided with the barrier in the area; 2, maintenance and accelerate an orderly flow of air traffic.     Air traffic controllers (AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLER) through professional training in air traffic control, hold appropriate licences and persons involved in air traffic control operations.     The air traffic control unit (AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL UNIT) traffic in the Civil Aviation Authority head dispatch Office, authority control room, air traffic services reporting Office, regional control, approach control unit or aerodrome tower control room, general name for different meanings.     Air traffic flow management (AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT) when air traffic near or at available capacity in air traffic control, to take prompt measures to ensure best air traffic into or through the appropriate area.     Air traffic management (AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT) is to effectively protect and promote air traffic safety, maintaining the order of air traffic to protect air traffic, which includes air traffic services, airspace management and air traffic flow management.     Air transport services (AIR TRAFFIC SERVICE) air traffic control service (area control or aerodrome tower control, approach control), flight information service and alerting service, different meanings in General.     Air traffic services reporting Office (AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES REPRTING OFFICE) to accept the relevant air traffic service reports and submitted before departure of a flight plan and set units.     Air traffic services unit (AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES UNIT) air traffic control unit, flight information and other general name for different meanings.     Route (AIRWAY) form of a corridor established and equipped with radio navigation facilities control area or any part thereof.     Warning phase (ALERFA) refers to the security of aircraft and on board there is a worrying situation.     Alerting service (ALERTING SERVICE) needs to related organizations search and rescue aircraft and to assist the Organization in providing services.     Height (ALTITUDE) from the mean sea level to a plane, a point or as a vertical distance of a point object.     Approach control room (APPROACH CONTROL OFFICE) for one or more controlled the airport arrival and departure of aircraft to provide air traffic control services and setting the unit.     Near the entrance (APPROACH GATE) on the final approach track, 9-kilometer or from the runway final approach position (away from the airport, direction) 2-kilometer, two points further away from the runway near the entrance.     Approach control service (APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE) on approach or departure from controlled flight to provide air traffic control services.     Apron (APRON) land available to aircraft passengers, airport cargo, mail and other purposes designated areas.     Area control service (AREA CONTROL SERVICE) controlled flight within the control zone to provide air traffic control services.     Regional control rooms (AREA CONTROL OFFICE) within the area of jurisdiction, for aircraft control settings to provide air traffic services units.     RNAV (AREA NAVIGATION ROUTE) established for aircraft to navigate regional air traffic services routes.     Route air traffic services (ATS ROUTE) to provide the necessary air traffic services, air traffic flow into them while planning the route.     Automatic dependent surveillance (AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT CURVEILLANCE) a monitoring technology, aircraft via data link from the navigation and positioning systems data is automatically sent.     Control zone boundary (BOUNDARY) constitutes a regional border control interface.     The second transponder code (SSR CODE) assigned by the mode a or c multiple pulse reply signal from the transponder number. CIRCLING APPROACH (CIRCLING APPROACH) extension of the instrument approach procedures.     Aircraft in accordance with the instrument approach procedures approach cannot be STRAIGHT-IN APPROACH during landing, the maneuvering of the Visual over the runway at the airport.     Control license limits (CLEARANCE LIMIT) air traffic controllers allowed aircraft to reach the point.     Control area (CONTROL AREA) from the Earth's surface above the limits defined by the controlled airspace extending upwards.     Controlled airspace (CONTROLLED AIRSPACE) according to the classification of airspace, according to instrument flight rules flight and visual flight rules aircraft designated space to provide air traffic control services.     Control Strip (CONTROL ZONE) extends from the Earth's surface up to the stated limit of controlled airspace.     Fly control (CONTROLLED FLIGHT) any flight subject to air traffic control license.     Flying Cross (CROSS AIRCRAFT) flight path angle between the two aircraft in flight between 45 ° ~135 °.     Cruise climb (CRUISE CLIMB) due to the lighter aircraft an aircraft cruising technology lead to high net.     Cruising levels (CRUISING LEVEL) most of the time maintaining level flight.     The point of transformation (CHANGEOVER POINT) sailing at a very high frequency omni-directional radio beacon as a benchmark on the designation of air traffic service routes navigation of aircraft expected to rear facilities main base from aircraft to aircraft, ahead of the next facilities.     A block of data (DATA BLOCK) displayed on the radar display identification symbols, such as the content of a data set. Decision altitude/height (DECISION ALTITUDE/HEIGHT) in the precision approach provided a height or higher. At this height, or higher, if there has been continued to approach the Visual Reference required, must have begun to fly.     Decision altitude in mean sea level as a benchmark decision height runway elevation as a benchmark.     Distress phase (DETRESFA) there is reason to the aircraft and its personnel on board and in serious danger of an emergency and need immediate rescue.     Rangefinder anchor (DME FIX) provides range and azimuth navigational facilities determined by the anchor point, the facilities according to the distance in kilometers of distance and radial and determined.     The emergency phase (DMERGENCY PHASE), depending on the circumstances can be uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase a generic term. ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL (ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL) for instrument flight rules flight, an aircraft reaches specific points based on navigational facilities identified expected over time, and scheduled to begin from the instrument approach procedures. If no navigation facilities at the airport, the aircraft is approaching the airport at the moment.     For visual flight, arrived at the airport for aircraft to be expected over time.     Is expected approach time (EXPEXCTED APPROACH TIME) to enter aircraft after delays, the air traffic control unit expects its completed nearly landing off the waiting time. Final approach (FINAL APPROACH), part of an instrument approach procedure.     Begins final approach under the anchor point.     Anchor point (FIX), radio navigation by Visual reference to the ground facilities or other means determined by geographic location.     Flight information sector (FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION) set up to provide flight information service and alerting service units.     FIR (FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION) to provide flight information service and alerting service and range of space.     Flight information services (FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE) provided to aircraft in flight is good for security and effective implementation of the recommendations of the flight and the intelligence service. Flight level (FLIGHT LEVEL) based on 101,320 HPA pressure surface isobaric surface.     With specified air pressure difference between the various isobaric surface.     Flight plan (FLIGHT PLAN) to air traffic service units on aircraft provided by a scheduled flight or part of the provision of flight information.     Weather forecast (FORCAST) to a specific area or part of the airspace, at a specific time or period, expected weather conditions described.     Heading (HEADING) points to the direction of the longitudinal axis aircraft, usually from the North, in degrees.     Helicopters (HELICOPTER) when flying with one or more basic free rotation on the vertical axis of the rotor, supported by heavier-than-air aircraft in the air.     Height (HEIGHT) of a particular datum to a plane, a point, or as a vertical distance of a point object. Waiting (HOLDING) aircraft while waiting for the air traffic control unit for further license or permit in designated airspace according to a certain procedure carried out by scheduled flight.     Can also be used on the ground activity phase, the aircraft waiting for air traffic control to permit further, keeping in the specified range or to the specified point.     Wait (the HOLDING FIX) to wait for the aircraft in specified airspace maintain location and requirements of the anchor point.     Control instructions (INSTRUCTIONS) issued to the pilots of aircraft by air traffic control units the prescriptive content.     Instrument approach (INSTRUMENT APPRONACH) implementation of instrument flight rules aircraft flying in accordance with instrument approach procedures for instrument approach or radar approach. Instrument approach procedures (INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE) security given to the obstacles keeping reference to flight instruments by a series of scheduled maneuvers. This kind of maneuvering, starting near the anchor or approach path of the provisions applicable from start up to complete the landing point.     Thereafter, if the landing cannot be completed, then fly to use where you wait or route ultra barrier guidelines.     IFR (INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES) in accordance with the instrument flight rules meteorological conditions.     Instrument meteorological conditions (INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS) high visibility and distance from clouds and cloud said, below the minimum weather conditions under Visual meteorological conditions.     Uncertainty phase (INCERFA) personnel on the aircraft and its security worries.     Landing zone (LANDING AREA) activities for aircraft landing or taking off parts.     Low level wind shear (LOW LEVEL WINDSHEAR) occurred in 600 metres below mean the difference in vector between two points in space.     Mach number technique (MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE) in order for the specified flight level turbine jet to fly between the vertical interval, requiring aircraft by air traffic control method for the specified flight Mach number.     Mobile zone (MANOEVRING AREA) airport for takeoff, landing and taxiing of aircraft use section, but does not include the apron. Minimum drop height/height (MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE/HEIGHT) non-precision approach or CIRCLING APPROACH a specified height or higher. At this height, or higher, if the required visual reference has been made, must have begun to fly.     Minimum drop height the mean sea level for the benchmark; minimum descent height for an airport or runway threshold elevation as a benchmark.     MINIMUM ENROUTE ALTITUDE (MINTMUM ENROUTE ALTITUDE) taking into account the coverage of radio navigation facilities, the radio navigation facilities for instrument flight rules aircraft required to meet the disability allowance minimum flight altitudes.     Activities (MOVEMENT AREA) airport for takeoff, landing and taxiing of aircraft use section, including maneuvering area and the apron.     Non-precision approach (NON-PRECISION APPROACH) using omnidirectional beacon, non-directional radio beacon and ground facilities, provides only azimuth guidance does not provide fall-guided instrument approach.     Operator (the OPERATOR) is engaged or to be engaged in aircraft operation by persons, organizations or enterprises.     Reverse flying aircraft (OPPOSITE DIRECTION AIRCRAFT) aircraft flying in the following cases: 1. flight in the opposite direction along the same track, 2. flying in the opposite direction on a parallel track, 3. track angle greater than 135 degrees.     Beyond aircraft (OVERTAKING AIRCRAFT) from an aircraft's rear and the aircraft symmetry plane is less than 70 degrees to its close.     Precision approach (PRECISION APPROACH) or instrument landing system provides precision approach radar position and slide-guided instrument approach. Procedure turn (PROCEDURE TURN) starting approach track and the final approach track a flight in the opposite direction.     First break off in flight made after the specified track reverse turn, enabling aircraft to cut and along a specified route flight.     Prevailing visibility (PREVAILING VISIBILITY) when visibility is different as to direction, select a visibility value of l range of angles a, and visibility angle ranges greater than l-b, while b is less than 180 degrees, l is a prevailing visibility of selected.     Fix sea level pressure (QNH) based on observed air pressure, according to the standard atmospheric conditions for revision to the mean sea level pressure.     QFE (QFE) aircraft landing area the highest point of the air.     Radar (RADAR) provided a target range, azimuth and height information of radar. Radar approach (RADAR APPROACH) under the guidance of aircraft in radar controllers made by nearly.     Radar (RADAR CONTACT) can be seen on the radar display and identify the specific aircraft's radar blip or radar position symbol.     Radar control (RADAR CONTROL) directly using radar information to provide air traffic control services.     Radar controller (RADAR CONTROLLER) through professional training in air traffic control, access radar controller licence and to air traffic controllers engaged in radar control.     Radar (RADAR IDENTIFICATION) a particular radar or radar position symbol associated with a particular aircraft.     Aircraft radar (RADAR IDENTIFIED AIRCRAFT) observed on the radar display object or symbol is directly related to the aircraft position. Radar (RADAR INTERFERENCE) interfere with radar tracking of the image on the monitor.     Include static images, dangerous weather images and so on.     Radar surveillance (RADAR MONITORIONG) to provide serious aircraft deviating from normal flight path information and advice and the use of radar.     Radar security district (RADAR SAFETY ZONE) aircraft for precision radar into near Shi, can is expected to continues to security into near, and by Xia slide in display Shang displayed of range: ceiling: since received locations to runway within extends 300 meters outside for basis points, than Xia slide high 0.5 degrees of extends line; lower: since runway end than Xia slide low 0.5 degrees of extends line and than last declined began level 85 meters of line connection and into.     Radar separation (RADAR SEPARATION) used when aircraft position information from the radar separation of control.     Radar service (ERADAR SERVICE) used to indicate directly using radar information services provided.     Radar (RADAR TARGET) is divided into one and two radar targets: 1. radar targets at a time, using a radar echo on the radar display of aircraft displayed on the image.     2. secondary radar, secondary surveillance radar transponder response wave wake displayed on the monitor.     Radar (RADAR VECTORING) in the use of radar on the basis, in particular in the form of aircraft navigation guidance.     Radial (RADIAL), VHF Omni-directional radio beacons as the center of radiation of magnetic orientation.     Rescue Coordination Centre (RESCUE CO-ORDINATION CENTRE) to supervise and effectively organize the search and rescue area search and rescue services, the implementation of coordinated search and rescue units. Repetitive flight plans (REPETITIVE FLIGHT PLAN) provided by the operator.     Save and reuse of air traffic services units, each flight of the basic characteristics of a series of repeating the same running flight plans on a regular basis.     Restricted zones (RESTRICTED AREA), above the land areas or territorial waters of a country within the designated range, aircraft flight space are subject to certain conditions.     Runway (RUNWAY) defined by the land available to aircraft taking off and landing and a rectangular area.     Runway visual range (RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE) aircraft pilots on the center line of the runway can see the runway pavement signs or runway lights profile or identify the runway distance.     Forward flight aircraft (SAME DIRECTION AIRCRAFT) aircraft flying in the following cases: 1. fly along the same track in the same direction; 2. the flight on a parallel track in the same direction, 3. track angle less than 45 degrees.     Secondary surveillance radar (SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR) using the transmitter/receiver and the secondary radar transponder system.     Significant meteorological information (SIGMET) issued by the Meteorological Department, may affect the safe operation of the aircraft, on a specific route or anticipated weather information.     Standard instrument departure (STANDARD INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE) to provide instrument flight rules aircraft flying, from the Terminal to the relevant route structure transition planning well in advance of departure procedures.     Standard terminal arrival route (STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL ROUTE) to provide instrument flight rules aircraft flying, from route to implement approach or anchor transition planning well in advance of the approach path.     STRAIGHT-IN APPROACH (STRAIGHT-IN APPROACH) when flying in accordance with instrument flight rules, the final approach track and landing runway extension at the angle of 30 degrees in the middle of instrument approach in accordance with visual flight rules flight, without the TRAFFIC PATTERN on each side, directly into the v side of the landing. Trek or unknown aircraft (STRAYED OR UNIDENTIFIED AIRCRAFT) Trek refers to the aircraft away from its planned track or report that it had lost an aircraft.     Unidentified aircraft is has been observed or reported in a specific area inside the aircraft but have not yet been identified. Gliding (TAXING) aircraft with dynamic activity on the scene at the airport itself.     Does not include takeoffs and landings, including a helicopter over the scene at the airport glide within ground effect of high speed flight, gliding in the sky.     Terminal control areas (TERMINAL CONTROL AREA) located in or near major airports, air traffic services route the confluence of the control zone.     Runway threshold (THRESHOLD) can be used to landing part of the end of the runway.     Location (TOUCHDOWN) scheduled to glide path and runway intersection point, or glide precision approach radar and Lu Dao surface point.     Track (TRACK) Path in the projection on the ground of the aircraft, its amount in any direction is usually from the North, in degrees.     Traffic avoidance advice (TRAFFIC AVOIDANCE ADVICE) specified by the air traffic services unit providing flight to help drivers avoid a collision notification.     Traffic information (TRAFFIC INFORMATION) issued by the air traffic service unit information, warn aircraft pilots may be present in its position or intended route near other known or observed air traffic to help drivers avoid a collision of aircraft. TRAFFIC PATTERN (TRAFFIC PATTERN) for aircraft taxiing, taking off or landing at the airport under process.     Formed by five sides.     Transfer (TRANSFERRING UNIT) the responsibility of providing air traffic control services to aircraft, transferred by process along the route of the next air traffic control unit.     Transfer of control point (TRANSFER OF CONTROL POINT) provides a point along the flight path of aircraft, the point at which responsibility for providing air traffic control services to aircraft units or seats, over to the next control units or seats.     Transition heights (TRANTITION ALTITUDE) amendment to a specific sea level pressure altitude, height, the vertical position of an aircraft according to the qnh height said.     TRANSITION ALTITUDE (TRANTITION LEVEL) during the transition of high (height) above the lowest usable flight level. Transitional high (TRANTITION HEIGHT) of a particular QFE is high.     In the high and below, the vertical position of an aircraft by high air pressure.     Visual flight rules (VISUAL FLIGHT RULES) flight rules under Visual meteorological conditions.     Visual meteorological conditions (VISUAL METEOROLIGICAL CONDITIONS) high visibility and distance from clouds and cloud, is equal to or greater than the established minimum standards for meteorological conditions.     VISUAL SEPARATION (VISUAL SEPARATION) in order to maintain an orderly flow of air traffic to prevent aircraft collision, by control Visual Visual other aircraft of aircraft or by aircraft pilots to maintain separation between aircraft. Wake (WAKE TURBULENCE) aircraft caused by the disturbance of the surrounding atmosphere.     Include turbulence caused by power plant exhaust, wing-tip Vortex, and so on.     Annex II: classification of the air traffic control unit training, each rise and fall of 0.5 per cent skilled sorties calculation. Annex III: controllers to aircraft lights or flares signal annex IV: Airport Visual ground signals, the prohibition of landing flat on the area of red square plate, with two diagonal yellow. Prohibited the landing and the landing may be extended. (See Figure 1) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) Figure 12, approach caution when landing or a flat on the area of red square plate, with a diagonal yellow above, stated that the airport maneuvering area poor conditions or other reasons, should be particularly careful in approaching or landing. (See Figure 2) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) Figure 23, runways and taxiways used a lying white dumbbell-shaped signal in the signal area, aircraft on the runway and takeoff, landing and taxiing on taxiways. (See Figure 3) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) Figure 34, runway and taxiway use a flat dumbbell-shaped white signal in the signal area, but the two rounded parts each with a dumbbell handles perpendicular to the black, only on the runway for takeoff and landing of aircraft. But other actions are not limited on the runway or taxiway. (See Figure 4) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) Figure 45, the runway or taxiway off single, bright colors of the cross (yellow or white), lying on the runway and taxiway, or on their part, said the region should not be aircraft movement. (See Figure 5) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) Figure 56, landing or taking off a flat white or orange t-BU, his aircraft along the t-word-length arm to land or take off in the direction of the short arm. (See Figure 6) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) Figure 67, at the airport control tower or near vertical hanging by a two-digit number signaling, maneuvering the aircraft that took off in the area of magnetic heading, to 10 degrees as a unit (single digits rounded down). (See Figure 7) (Editor's Note: this graphic originals), 78, right hand circuit in signal area or using runways or improvised runway flat on a color clear right arrow, said before landing and taking off of aircraft to turn right. (See Figure 8) (Editor's Note: graphics here see original) 89, air traffic services reporting Office a vertical yellow black "c", which imply that the air traffic services reporting Office. (See Figure 9) (Editor's Note: this graphic originals), 90, a glider flight a white double cross in the signal area, gliders and gliding flight using the airport.     (See Figure 10) (Editor Note: here graphics see manuscript) Figure 10 Annex five: aircraft driver received control member signal Hou of confirmed signal aircraft driver received air traffic control tower issued of lights or flares signal Hou, should using following method be confirmed: flight in the of aircraft should: day between, swing aircraft of wing; night, flashing aircraft of landing lamp two times or switch sailing lamp two times.     Taxiing aircraft should: daytime, shake the ailerons or wing night, blinking aircraft landing lights two navigation lights or switch twice.     Annex six: airport into near and runway lights system strength a, and aircraft into near landing direction Shang of airport into near lamp and the received zone lamp of strength should according to table 1 for adjustable reset; II, and aircraft into near landing direction Shang of into near slope led of strength should according to table 2 for adjustable reset; three, and runway lamp, and runway end lamp or stop row lamp of strength should according to table 3 for adjustable reset; four, and runway center line lamp of strength should according to table 4 for adjustable reset.     Table 1: approaching light reset tables table 2: approach slope indicator light reset tables table 3: runway light system light reset tables table 4: runway centre line lights reset tables Note: 1, daytime cloud 300 meters high, to be scheduled for the highest level of luminosity.     2, at twilight (night from about 30 minutes before sunrise to Sunrise and from day to day after about 30 minutes of the time), in addition to the above table provides, can be placed in day and night, night or luminosity deemed appropriate between the two. Annex seven: aircraft driver should for of asked and report a, and away from field aircraft should to tower control room or into near control room made of asked and report (a) requests release license, and drive, and glide; (ii) requests into runway; (three) requests took off; (four) rose to second waiting for height layer Qian, or fly away from tower control room control airspace Shi, report flight height.     With approach control room and made flying from the airspace of instruction (v) approach control unit should be off the approach control airspace, flight altitude and with regional control room situation.     II, and route flight in the should to regional control room made of asked and report (a) report fly away from into near control airspace of time, and flight height; (ii) occupied provides height layer, and requests change height; (three) flew over the location report points moments, and location, and flight height, and is expected to flew over the Xia a location report points or arrived landing airport of moments; (four) in into adjacent control airspace 5 minutes Qian, will into the control airspace of is expected to time, and flight height, report ahead control room;     (Five) to fly away from of control room report flew over the control border of moments, and flight height, and requests from contact; (six) into landing airport airspace 15 minutes yiqian, report is expected to into into near control airspace or corridor mouth of time, and arrived Airport (navigation Taiwan) over of time, and requests into conditions; (seven) to flew over the airport report into, and fly away from into near control airspace of time, and flight height and flew over the Airport navigation Taiwan of time.     Third, the approaching aircraft tower control should be room or approach control room to request and report (a) enter or approach control airspace corridor of time and altitude.   (B) the instrument approach when: 1. the reported overflights, tangent distance navigation and altitude 2. starting procedure turn (reverse program approach), began its third turn (racetrack approach procedure); 3. cut into the channel of the instrument landing system; 4. flying over the distant beacon height, flight and landing permission; 5. overshoot.     (C) Visual approach: 1. request the pattern entry; 2. location and height of the pattern entry; 3. request for landing permission; (d) after the landing, the report from the runway. Four, and aircraft should made of other asked and report (a) in flew over the border Qian 15 minutes, should and fly into country about control units established contact, report aircraft location, and is expected to flew over the border of time, made into border of license and into conditions, while will above situation report is fly away from of regional control room; (ii) to abroad about control units report flew over the border (navigation Taiwan) of time and flight height; (three) flight in the occurred special situation, as long as time allows,     What happened and should be ready to take measures to control and (iv) in case of danger the weather needed to change levels or off course when the fly-around, should apply in advance, approval before implementation; (e) during the flight, aircraft pilots should maintain hold with the control room (vi) controllers require additional reports.     Annex VIII: the air traffic incident report form * delete, as appropriate.  Annex IX: map (Editor's Note: this annex IX (Figure 1) – (Figure 39) see manuscript) in annex x to: specify the minimum speed adjustment when adjusting the speed of aircraft used standard