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15 MARCH 2016. - An Act to approve the Agreement between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg concerning the integration of air safety with a view to responding to threats posed by non-military aircraft (renegade), made in The Hague on 4 March 2015 (1)

PHILIPPE, King of the Belgians,
To all, present and to come, Hi.
The House of Representatives adopted and sanctioned the following:
Article 1^er. This Act regulates a matter referred to in Article 74 of the Constitution.
Art. 2. The Agreement between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg concerning the integration of air safety with a view to responding to threats posed by non-military aircraft (renegade), made at The Hague on 4 March 2015, will come out its full and complete effect.
Promulgation of this law, let us order that it be clothed with the seal of the State and published by the Belgian Monitor.
Given in Brussels on 15 March 2016.
PHILIPPE
By the King:
Minister of Foreign Affairs,
D. REYNDERS
Minister of Defence,
S. VANDEPUT
Seal of the state seal:
Minister of Justice,
K. GEENS
____
Note
(1) House of Representatives (www.lachambre.be):
Documents: 54-1575.
Full report: 01/02/2016.

Agreement
Between
the Kingdom of Belgium,
the Kingdom of the Netherlands
and
the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
concerning
the Integration of Air Security
to Respond to Threats Posed by Non-Military (Renegade)
Aircraft
The Kingdom of Belgium,
The Kingdom of the Netherlands
And
The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg,
Hereinafter referred to as "the Parties",
Considering the provisions of Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations;
Considering the provisions of the North-Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington on 4 April 1949;
Considering the provisions of the Agreement between Parties to the North-Atlantic Treaty, regarding the status of their forces, signed in London on 19 June 1951, hereinafter referred to as "NATO-SOFA", unless otherwise specified in this Agreement;
Considering the Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed in Chicago on 7 December 1944;
Considering the Council Framework Decision of 13 June 2002 on combatting terrorism (2002/475/JHA);
Considering the Declaration on Combatting Terrorism adopted by the Member States of the European Union at the European Summit in Brussels on 25 March 2004;
Considering the Operational Concept of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to increase the Alliance's air defence posture in response to possible terrorist attacks (MCM-062-02);
Considering the Convention of 27 May 2005 between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Republic of Austria on enhancing the cross-border cooperation, particularly in combating terrorism, cross-border crime and illegal migration;
Considering Regulation (EC) nr. 549/2004 of the European Parliament and the Council of 10 March 2004 laying down the framework for the creation of the Single European Sky and Regulation (EC) nr. 1070/2009 of the European Parliament and the Council of 21 October 2009 amending Regulations (EC) 549/2004, (EC) nr. 551/2004 and (EC) nr. 552/2004 in order to improve the performance and sustainability of the European aviation system
Considering the "Agreement between the Government of the French Republic and the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium on cooperation in defence against non-military air threats" of 6 July 2005;
Emphasising the strategic importance of the airspace for the safety and security of the territory of each Party and their surrounding region;
Prompted by the desire to define an appropriate legal framework for the integration of air security to respond to threats posed by non-military aircraft;
Have agreed as follows:
Article I
Definitions
For the purpose of this agreement the meaning of the terms used therein are as follows:
1. "Common Area of Interest (CAoI)": the area consisting of the sovereign airspace of the Parties.
2. "Third State Airspace (TSA)": any airspace outside of the CAoI of a State not Party to this Treaty.
3. "Air Incident": Any abnormality in assigned NATO and national airspace requiring tactical actions, including the use of aircraft. Air incidents can be of a military and of a non-military nature. Air Incidents of a non-military nature encompass Renegade(s).
4. "Renegade": A civil air platform that is assessed as operating in such a manner as to raise suspicion that it might be used as a weapon to perpetrate a terrorist attack.
5. "Assigned Aircraft (AAC)": the military aircraft assigned to execute the obligations under this Agreement.
6. "Assigned Aircraft (AAC) Rotation": the rotational contribution with Assigned Aircraft by Parties.
7. "Recognised Air Picture (RAP)": an air threat analysis of the detected air movements of all aircraft within a particular airspace, with each aircraft being identified as friendly or hostile, and ideally containing additional information, such as type of aircraft, flight number and flight plan. The information may be drawn from a number of different sources, including military and civilian sensors, civilian air traffic control and allied nations or NATO.
8. "Control and Reporting Centre (CRC)": air defence centre that is responsible for the build-up of a RAP of all movements in its assigned airspace and that is the command and control authority of the AAC.
9. "General Aviation Security Measures (GASM)": the identification and classification of an aircraft, which is done by the national Control and Reporting Centres (CRC).
10. "Active Aviation Security Measures (AASM)": security measures executed by AAC or other military means of the Parties, including:
- interrogation, which comprises the visual or electronic identification of an aircraft and the shadowing of an aircraft;
- intervention, which comprises the forced flight path, prohibition of overflight and/or the imposed obligation on the suspect aircraft to land at a designated area;
- use of warning burst with flares;
- use of kinetic force, from warning burst with guns up to and including the use of lethal force.
For the purposes of this Agreement, AASM over Luxembourg shall not include the use of lethal force.
11. "National Governmental Authority (NGA)": national competent authority of a Party in respect of the national airspace in which the Renegade is present, responsible for implementing the necessary measures to maintain air security in accordance with the relevant national rules and regulations. Under this Agreement the respective NGA's are: for the Netherlands Minister of Security and Justice; for Belgium Minister of Defence; and for Luxembourg the Minister of Defence, or their respective estates.
12. "NGA representative": under this Agreement the respective NGA representatives are: for the Netherlands the Master Controller on duty of the national CRC; for Belgium the CRC Master Controller or Senior Duty Officer, which has a coordinating and reporting responsibility towards the Belgian NGA; and for Luxembourg the High Commissioner for National Protection Luxembourg ("High Commissioner for National Protection"), or their respective estates. This Agreement, however, does not exclude the possibility of a future CRC-cooperation, which will be detailed in a separate Technical Arrangement CRC to be signed by Parties' Ministers of Defence.
13. "Terrorist attack": attack committed with such aim as to constitute a terrorist offence under the Council Framework Decision of 13 June 2002 on combatting terrorism (2002/475/JHA).
14. "(Re)Transfer of Authority (TOA/RTOA)": the activity by which the responsibilities and the air defence means are (re)transferred from NATO to the NGA (through the NGA representative) or vice versa.
15. "Receiving State": the State in whose national airspace the movements and/or AASM by AAC of the Sending State take place.
16. "Sending State": the State that executes AASM through national AAC within the airspace of the Receiving State. For the purposes of this Agreement, Luxembourg is not considered to be a Sending State.
17. "TACON": Tactical Control, meaning command authority over assigned or attached forces or commands, or military capability or forces made available for tasking, that is limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or manoeuvres within the operational area necessary to accomplish missions or tasks assigned.
Article II
Aim
This Agreement provides the legal framework necessary for the integration of air security in response to threats posed by Renegades and aims at improving the intervention capacities of the Parties with regard to Renegades through synergy of efforts and by pooling and sharing of resources.
Article III
Scope
1. This Agreement applies to all military means of the Parties that contribute to the execution of GASM and AASM and that are required to achieve an integrated air security that can confront threats posed by Renegades in Parties' CAoI.
2. The application of this Agreement extends to the CAoI.
Article IV
Exchange of information
The Parties shall exchange such information on the RAP as is necessary to prevent and respond to threats to air security in the CAoI and as is necessary to enable the NGA to take the necessary or appropriate actions under this Agreement.
Article V
Operational provisions
1. In furtherance of this Agreement Belgium and the Netherlands shall monitor the movement in the CAoI and protect the CAoI through execution of GASM and AASM as described in Article 1 paragraph 9 and 10. For Luxembourg, the monitoring and protection of the CAoI shall be assured by Belgium and the Netherlands according to the modalities laid down in the present Agreement and in the arrangement(s) specified in Article XI of this Agreement, hereinafter referred to as "technical arrangement(s)".
2. The AAC of Belgium and the Netherlands shall participate in turn in the AAC Rotation over the CAoI.
3. In the event of a non-military Air Incident that is in or close to the Receiving State's airspace, the Sending State shall provide TOA and TACON over its AAC to the Receiving State.
4. The use of force by AAC against a Renegade is legitimate if:
a) the AAC is under TACON of the Receiving State; and
b) the AAC has received authorisation from the NGA of the Receiving State to use force against a Renegade in the CAoI.
Pursuant to Article 1, paragraph 10, no lethal force shall be used over Luxembourg airspace.
Detailed arrangements with regard to the use of force by AAC shall be laid down in technical arrangements.
5. The provisions of the NATO SOFA apply to all aspects of the integration and cooperation as described in this Agreement, unless specifically stated otherwise in this Agreement.
Article VI
Support Services and exercises
1. For the purpose of implementing this Agreement, the Parties shall, within their means and capabilities, provide each other with support services. These support services, as well as the conditions for providing such services shall be stipulated in detail in technical arrangements, to be concluded by the respective Ministers of Defence.
2. The Parties undertake to conduct regular cross-border exercises to maintain the necessary level of readiness to contribute to AAC Rotation. Details shall be stipulated in technical arrangements to be concluded by the respective Ministers of Defence.
Article VII
Security-, safety- and environmental protection measures
Parties shall respect the relevant security-, safety- and environmental protection regulations and instructions in force in the Receiving State, particularly in respect of weapons, ammunition, and aircraft. The use of weapons and ammunition shall be governed by the Receiving State's law.
Article VIII
Financial provisions
Each Party shall bear its own costs incurred in connection with the implementation and the execution of this Agreement.
Article IX
Damages ' Claims
1. Claims between the Parties in relation to compensation for damage (including the loss of use), injury or death, resulting from the execution of this Agreement shall be waived by the Parties in accordance with the relevant provisions of Article VIII of the NATO SOFA.
2. Third party claims that are the result of damage (including the loss of use), injury or death resulting from the execution of this Agreement shall be dealt with in accordance with applicable international and national laws and regulations. In order to compensate for damage, injury or death resulting from the execution of this Agreement, the Parties involved may indemnify third parties `ex gratia' via an equal share of the total amount of damages between the Sending and the Receiving State, without prejudicial acknowledgment of responsibility. In such case the Party in whose airspace or territory the damage, injury or death occurred, may propose the amount to be paid of such `ex gratia' compensation.
Article X
Investigation of aviation accidents and incidents
In the event of an aviation accident or incident occurring in the national airspace or on the national territory of one of the Parties, and an aircraft of another Party is involved, a flight safety investigation shall be conducted in conformity with:
(a) Annex XIII to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed in Chicago on 7 December 1944;
(b) The relevant NATO Standardization Agreements (STANAGS), such as STANAG 3531.
Article XI
Technical arrangements
Technical arrangements may be concluded for this Agreement. The technical arrangements may be amended or supplemented by mutual consent.
Article XII
Dispute resolution
Disputes that may arise from the implementation, execution or interpretation of this Agreement shall be resolved exclusively through consultation between the Parties and shall not be referred to any national or international tribunal, or any other third party for settlement.
Article XIII
Amendment
Any Party may, at any time, request amendment of this Agreement by providing written notice to the other Parties. In the event of such a request being made, the Parties shall promptly enter into negotiations. Amendments shall enter into force according to the procedure described in Article XIV, paragraph 1.
Article XIV
Entry into force and termination
1. This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the second month after the date on which the Parties have notified the Depositary that they have completed the necessary domestic requirements for entry into force of this Agreement.
2. This Agreement shall remain in force unless terminated by the mutual written consent of the Parties or by any Party giving not less than 180 days' notice in writing to the Depositary of its intent to terminate. Notwithstanding termination of this Agreement, all reimbursement obligations incurred pursuant to its terms shall remain binding on the responsible Party until satisfied.
Article XV
Depositary
1. The Kingdom of the Netherlands shall be the Depositary of this Agreement.
2. The Depositary shall register this Agreement with the United Nations in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Article XVI
Applicability of the Agreement as regards the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1. As regards the Kingdom of the Netherlands, any measures or actions taken under this Agreement by the AAC in its national airspace and under its national authority shall be governed by the rules that apply to the national armed forces in the event of military assistance to the police for criminal law enforcement.
2. As regards the Kingdom of the Netherlands, this Agreement shall apply to the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement.
DONE, at The Hague on 4 March 2015 in triplicate, in the English language.

AGREEMENT AGAINST BELGIC ROYAUME, THE ROYAUME DES PAYS-BAS ET LE GRAND-DUCHE DE LUXEMBOURG CONCERNING THE INTEGRATION OF AIR SECURITY FOR MENACES POSED BY NON MILITARY AERONES (RENEGADE)
The Kingdom of Belgium,
The Kingdom of the Netherlands
and
The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
The following is referred to as the "Parties",
Considering the provisions of Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations;
Considering the provisions of the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington on 4 April 1949;
Considering the provisions of the Convention between the States parties to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Status of Their Forces, signed in London on 19 June 1951, as described below as NATO SOFA, unless otherwise specified in this Agreement;
Considering the Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed in Chicago on 7 December 1944;
Considering the Council Framework Decision of 13 June 2002 on counter-terrorism (2002/475/JAI);
Considering the Declaration on the Fight against Terrorism adopted by the Member States of the European Union at the European Summit in Brussels on 25 March 2004;
Considering the operational concept of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to increase the Alliance's air defence system in response to possible terrorist attacks (MCM-062-02);
Considering the Convention of 27 May 2005 between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Republic of Austria on the deepening of cross-border cooperation, in particular with a view to combating terrorism, cross-border crime and illegal migration;
Considering Regulation (EC) No. 549/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 March 2004 establishing the framework for the realization of the European single sky and Regulation (EC) No. 1070/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No. 549/2004, (EC) No. 551/2004 and (EC) No. 552/2004 to increase the performance and viability of the European aeronautical system;
Considering the Agreement between the Government of the French Republic and the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium on cooperation in defence against non-military air threats of 6 July 2005;
Stressing the strategic importance of air space for the safety and security of the territory of each Party and their surrounding areas;
Driven by the desire to define an appropriate legal framework for the integration of air safety to respond to threats posed by non-military aircraft;
The following agreed:
ARTICLE I
Definitions
For the purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions are used:
1. "Mutual Area of Interest (MZ): the area covering the sovereign airspace of the Parties.
2. "Aerial space of a third State (Third State Airspace, TSA): any airspace outside the ZIM, belonging to a non-signatory State of this Treaty.
3. "Air Incident": any anomaly in the NATO or national airspace, requiring tactical actions, including the use of aircraft. Air incidents may be military or non-military in nature. Non-military incidents include Renegade(s).
4. "Renegade": a civilian aerial platform, which is considered to be carried out in such a way that a doubt arises as to its possible use as a weapon to perpetuate a terrorist attack.
5. "Assigned Aircraft, AAFC": the military aircraft assigned to the fulfilment of the obligations of this Agreement.
6. "Reassigned Aircraft Rotation (AAF): the rotating contribution of aircraft assigned by the Parties.
7. "General Air Situation (SAG): An analysis of the air threat of detected air movements of all aircraft in a particular airspace. Each aircraft is identified as a friend or hostile. Ideally, the SAG has additional information, such as aircraft type, flight number and flight plan. Information can come from various sources, including military and civilian sensors, civilian air traffic control and allied nations or NATO.
8. "Detection and Control Centre" (Control and Reporting Centre (CRC)): an air defence centre responsible for establishing a SAG of all movements within its assigned airspace and is the AAFC command and control authority.
9. General Aviation Security Measures (General Aviation Security Measures, GASM): the identification and classification of an aircraft, carried out by national CRCs.
10. "Active Air Safety Measures (MASA)": security measures implemented by an AAFC or other military means deployed by Parties, including:
- the interrogation, which includes the visual or electronic identification of an aircraft and the escort of an aircraft;
- the intervention, which includes the itinerary constraint, the overflight prohibition and/or the requirement for the suspect aircraft to land on a designated area (scheduling);
- the use of semonce fires with infrared lures;
- the use of kinetic force, ranging from semonce shots to rafale with the gun gun to the use of lethal force.
For the purposes of this Agreement, MASAs above Luxembourg will not include the use of lethal force.
11. "National Government Authority (National Governmental Authority, NGA)": the competent national authority of a Party within which the national airspace of the Renegade is located, responsible for the implementation of the necessary measures to maintain air safety in accordance with applicable national rules and regulations. Under this Agreement, the respective NGAs are: for the Netherlands, the Minister of Security and Justice; for Belgium, the Minister of Defence; and for Luxembourg, the Minister of Defence, or their respective successors.
12. "Representative NGA": under this Agreement, NGA representatives are: for the Netherlands, the Chief Controller of the National CRC; for Belgium, the Head Controller of the CRC or the Senior Officer of Service, responsible for coordinating and reporting to the Belgian NGA; and Luxembourg, the High Commissioner for National Protection, or their respective successors. However, this Agreement does not exclude the possibility of future cooperation between CRC, as detailed in a separate CRC Technical Arrangement signed by the Defence Ministers of the Parties.
13. Terrorist attack: an attack committed with the aim of establishing a terrorist offence under the Council Framework Decision of 13 June 2002 on the fight against terrorism (2002/475/JAI).
14. "(Re)Transfer of Authority ((Re)Transfer of Authority, TOA/RTOA): the activity by which the responsibilities and air defences are (re)transfered from NATO to the NGA (through the NGA representative) or vice versa.
15. "State of residence": the state in which the movements and/or MASA of the State of origin are carried out.
16. "State of origin": the state of which a national AAC executes MASA in the air space of the State of residence. For the purposes of this Agreement, Luxembourg is not considered to be a State of origin.
17. TACON: Tactical Control (Tactical Control), i.e. the command authority over the assigned or assigned forces or commands, or the military capabilities or forces available for the assignment of missions, limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or manoeuvres in the operational zone, necessary to carry out the assigned tasks or tasks.
ARTICLE II
Objective
This Agreement provides the necessary legal framework for the integration of aviation safety in response to the threats posed by the Renegades and aims at improving the capacity of Parties to respond to the Renegades by synergy of efforts and pooling and sharing resources.
ARTICLE III
Scope
1. This Agreement applies to all military means of the Parties contributing to the implementation of GASM and MASA, and is necessary for the realization of an integrated air safety to address the threats posed by Renegades in the MIA of the Parties.
2. The application of this Agreement extends to ZIM.
ARTICLE IV
Exchange of information
The Parties will exchange as much information on the AMS as necessary to prevent and respond to threats to aviation safety in the IMS, and to enable the NGA to take the necessary or appropriate measures under this Agreement.
ARTICLE V
Operational arrangements
1. According to the provisions of this Agreement, Belgium and the Netherlands will control movements in ZIM. They will protect this by performing GASM and MASA, as described in Article I, paragraphs 9 and 10. For Luxembourg, the control and protection of the ZIM shall be ensured by Belgium and the Netherlands, in accordance with the terms and conditions set out in this Agreement and in the arrangement(s) specified in Article XI of this Agreement, below referred to as "Technical Arrangement(s)".
2. The AAC of Belgium and the Netherlands will in turn take part in the AAC rotation on the ZIM.
3. In the event of a non-military air incident in or near the airspace of the State of residence, the State of origin will grant the TOA and TACON on its AAC to the State of residence.
4. The use of force by an AAC against a Renegade is legitimate if:
(a) AAFC is under the State of Residence TACON, and
(b) The AAFC has received the authorization of the ANG of the State of residence to use force against a Renegade in the ZIM.
The lethal force shall not be used in the airspace of Luxembourg in accordance with Article I, paragraph 10.
The use of force by AAFC will be detailed in technical arrangements.
5. The provisions of NATO SOFA shall apply to all aspects of integration and cooperation as set out in this Agreement, unless expressly stated in this Agreement.
ARTICLE VI
Support services and exercises
1. As part of this Agreement, the Parties shall provide each other support services, within their means and capabilities. These support services, as well as their terms of granting, will be detailed in the technical arrangements concluded by the respective Defence Ministers.
2. Parties undertake to conduct regular cross-border exercises to maintain the necessary level of preparation to contribute to the AAFC Rotation. Details will be specified in the technical arrangements to be concluded by the respective Defence Ministers.
ARTICLE VII
Safety, security measures
and Environmental Protection
The Parties shall adhere to the applicable rules and instructions for the safety, security and protection of the environment in force in the State of residence, particularly with regard to weapons, ammunition and aircraft. The use of weapons and ammunition will be governed by the laws of the State of residence.
ARTICLE VIII
Financial provisions
Each Party shall bear the costs to it as a result of the implementation and implementation of this Agreement.
ARTICLE IX
Damage and claims
1. Parties shall waive any claim for compensation against another Party for damages (including loss of use), injury or death resulting from the performance of this Agreement, in accordance with the applicable provisions of Article VIII of SOFA NATO.
2. Claims for third-party compensation for damages (including loss of use), injury or death resulting from the performance of this Agreement will be processed in accordance with applicable international and national laws and regulations. In order to compensate for the damages, injuries or deaths resulting from the execution of this Agreement, the Parties involved may compensate third parties on a gratuitous basis by equal distribution of the total amount due for damages between the State of residence and the State of origin, without preliminary recognition of liability. In such cases, the Party in the airspace or territory of which the damage, injury or death occurred may propose the amount to be paid from that compensation in a gratuitous manner.
ARTICLE X
Investigation of aviation incidents and accidents
In the case of an accident or an aviation incident occurring in the national airspace or in the national territory of one of the Parties, and involving an aircraft of another Party, an air safety investigation will be conducted in accordance with the following provisions:
(a) Annex XIII of the Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed in Chicago on 7 December 1944;
(b) The applicable NATO Standardization Agreements (STANAGS), such as STANAG 3531.
ARTICLE XI
Technical arrangements
Technical arrangements may be made for this Agreement. Technical arrangements may be amended or supplemented by mutual agreement.
ARTICLE XII
Settlement of disputes
Any dispute arising out of the implementation, execution or interpretation of this Agreement shall be settled exclusively by consultation between the Parties and shall not be referred for settlement to a national or international tribunal or any other third party.
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments
Any Party may at any time request the amendment of this Agreement by giving written notice to the other Parties. In this event, the Parties will begin negotiations as soon as possible. The amendments shall enter into force in accordance with the procedure described in Article XIV, paragraph 1.
ARTICLE XIV
Entry into force and denunciation
1. This Agreement comes into force on the first day of the second month following the date on which the Parties notified the Depositary that they met the national requirements necessary for the entry into force of this Agreement.
2. This Agreement shall remain in force unless it is denounced by mutual written consent of the Parties or if one of the Parties notify the Depositary in writing, at least 180 days in advance, of its intention to terminate it. Notwithstanding the denunciation of this Agreement, all reimbursement obligations under this Agreement shall remain to the responsible Party until the Party has fulfilled that Agreement.
ARTICLE XV
Depositary
1. The Kingdom of the Netherlands is the Depositary of this Agreement.
2. The Depositary shall register this Agreement with the United Nations in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
ARTICLE XVI
Applicability of the Agreement for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
1. With respect to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, any action or action taken under this Agreement by the AAFC in its national airspace and under its national authority shall be governed by the rules applicable to the national armed forces in the event of military assistance to the police for the purposes of the criminal law.
2. With respect to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, this Agreement applies only to its European territory.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement.
DATED at The Hague on 4 March 2015 in three copies, in English,

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