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Air Navigation Law, From 9-11-2000

Original Language Title: Llei de navegació aèria, de 9-11-2000

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Air navigation law since the General Council at its session of 9 November 2000 has approved the following: Air Navigation Act preamble The aeronautical activities and air navigation have been traditionally in Andorra a scant significance. The country was marked for many years by its isolation and its lack of respect for the rest of the world.

Today, however, is far from that recommendation of the Andorran Politar, who, in referring to the communications, says literally: "paths of the ports do not have to be very good, but good and evil are merely fragosos only can transit", unlike the paths together using inside, which must be in good condition.

Andorra has been open to the world in the second half of the 20th century with a significant growth of the activities based on the tourism, catering, Commerce and services. In addition, the Andorran economy is currently open to international influences with the emergence of new challenges and new opportunities in the different branches specialising in the field of services.

The development and promotion of the fundamental capabilities of Andorra in those fields requires a constant improvement of the infrastructure, with the offer of modern facilities and above all easy access into the country by all means possible.

In these conditions, the air navigation becomes a necessity. It is true that the geographical situation and the terrain of Andorra involve many limitations for the use of aircraft. But they are doubtless the advantages of having already currently helicopter services and helisuperfícies, both from the perspective of both indoor and outdoor use only. On the internal level, the helicopter is useful for the realization of various services and/or rescue tasks that may be required in normal situations, interventions or actions in cases of disaster or extraordinary events, and also to the facilities which gives to access to places of difficult access in which they have to carry out rescues or build buildings or civil works. And in the external field, the alternative to be able to move to neighbouring countries, especially to their airports, without having to use land transport refund represents a significant advantage.

By the nature of its activity, aircraft crossing the space on all countries, put into relationships with others and carrying people or goods with origin and destination in the most sections of the world without being conditioned by the maritime character of the mountain or even existence of geographical features difficult to cope with, as happens in surface transport.

The air navigation causes a dynamic revolution in human relationships and originates from the time when such a reality is present, the need for the existence of a legal regulation.

With the approval of the Constitution the airspace above the territory of the Principality of Andorra is also subject to the sovereignty of the State of Andorra and the legislative branch has the power to establish the legal regime. In this sense, the present Law regulates the Organization and structure of the airspace, air traffic and aeronautical infrastructures, and establishes the Organization and control of the aviation policy and of all the circumstances that arise.

Finally, keep in mind that the fact that the civil navigation is mainly gives international character origins in the need that political power is set in relation to other countries, with the aim of standardizing the basic safety measures and other matters in this type of activity. Is required, therefore, the reference to the Convention on international civil aviation, adopted at the Conference in Chicago on 7 December 1944 and its annexes, the rules and recommendations established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), to which reference is made in the second additional provision of the law, because this agreement constitutes what has become called the magna carta of civil aviation to which they are practically all the Member States of the world.

Title i. General provisions Article 1 this law is intended to establish the legal regime of the civil aviation in the Principality of Andorra.

In particular, is the subject of this law: 1) regulate the planning and structuring of the airspace, air traffic and to control them.

2) Determine the legal regime of Registration of aircraft.

3) Define, categorize and establish the legal framework for the civil aeronautical infrastructure, within the framework of the powers of the State and in particular everything related to airports that is of general interest and to establish the legal regime of the air operator.

4) set the legal framework of the personnel at the service of the civil aviation must be subject to licences or ratings as well as the requirements for their formation.

5) regulate the legal regime of the transport and aerial work and non-commercial aviation.

6 Regular air accidents investigation) and incidents in civil aviation.

7) Determine the legal framework for the exercise of the inspection activity of the State on the activities, infrastructure, operator and other aeronautical elements.

8) set the regime of administrative violations and penalties in the field of civil aviation.

Article 2 for the purposes of determining the responsibilities of the State, is meant to: 1) Andorran airspace: the atmospheric segment located above the Andorran territory, over which the State exercises sovereignty.

2) infrastructure for the landing and take-off: the set of integrated services and facilities as the basic elements of air traffic, which serve for the departure or arrival of aircraft.

3) air circulation system: the set of facilities and services for the achievement of a safe air circulation, sorted and fluid, through the provision of aeronautical and meteorological information, the supply of navigation signals and guidance, and the provision of air traffic services.

4) aircraft Registration: the registration in the register of civil aircraft Aircraft registration, while giving them the marks of nationality and registration of Andorra, to the effect that no national aircraft can fly in Andorran air space without documentation proving their registration in this register. In addition to the registration, you have to register the events and contracts affecting the rights to the aircraft.


5) Airports of general interest: those who are qualified as well or those who the Government rate when values and apply the basic criteria set out in this law.

6) air traffic: the movement carried out by all types of aircraft, whatever their activity, in flight and on the manoeuvring area of an aerodrome.

7) air transportation: the move to this space, different airfields, of passengers, cargo or mail in Exchange for any type of remuneration.

8) aeronautical meteorological service: one that provides information of this kind throughout the territory and airspace of Andorran responsibility in order to support the air traffic.

Article 3 Corresponds to the Ministry in charge of the transports as a body competent in the matter regulated by this law, the proposal the Government aviation policy.

Article 4 The aerospacials activities are understood in accordance with the provisions of this law, in that it is applicable, without prejudice to the national and international spatial regulations.

Article 5 The present law is to apply in the whole territory of the Andorran State and in its air space.

Title II. Air and space law, aeronautical infrastructures and the air circulation of the air and space chapter i. applicable law Article 6 the air space above the Andorran territory is subject to the sovereignty of the State of Andorra. The use of other limited and sorted in accordance with what is established in this law and in treaties or agreements signed by the State of Andorra.

Article 7 national aircraft can make use of the Andorran air space to navigate it.

The Andorran State by treaties or agreements with other States, or by special permission, you can authorize the innocuous traffic on its territory of foreign aircraft.

Article 8 for reasons of Defense of the territory, of the planning of traffic and air security, the Government can fix the areas where it is prohibited or restricted the transit of aircraft on the territory of Andorra, as well as the input and output channels and its coordination with the aeronautical infrastructure, and also designate the aerodromes equipped with customs clearance.

It may also suspend, in whole or in part, the aerial activities in airspace in exceptional circumstances during emergency periods for reasons of security and police air or another cause of public safety.

Article 9 The underlying property owners must support the aerial navigation.

Article 10 The Andorran State aircraft are considered Andorran territory and are subject to the laws of Andorra, whatever the place or space in which they are.

The civil aircraft are considered Andorran territory and are subject to the laws of Andorra when flying through space or are in foreign territory or may, if it does not oppose the underlying laws of the country.

Article 11 Are applicable to foreign aircraft while they are in the territory of sovereignty or in Andorran air space, the provisions of this law, as well as others that may affect.

Chapter II. Aeronautical infrastructures Article 12 for the purposes of this law, the Civil Aeronautical infrastructures are classified into two groups: a) the areas defined in the Earth's surface, or on an artificial structure, intended wholly or partly to the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft civilians.

b) The affections and integrated in the system of air circulation that cater, facilitate and monitor the use tidy and safe, for the civil air traffic in the air space.

Control of airspace implies the need to control the number, location or the characteristics of the infrastructure defined in section a above), so, for the establishment, operation or modification of that already exist, it will require a prior authorization of the Government.

Corresponds to the Ministry in charge of transports the ownership of all the infrastructure, as described in section b) and all the services that support, anyone who is the location, inside or outside of the areas of infrastructures of section a). The regulations it will determine the recognition, the establishment, operation, maintenance and inspection.

Chapter III. The air circulation Article 13 for the purposes of this law, is meant to air traffic or the number of aircraft in flight, and the circulating on the manoeuvring area of an aerodrome.

Article 14 the Government ensures the achievement of a safe air circulation, orderly and smooth, which is regulated by the provisions of this law and the regulations that develop this stuff, and in the application to the Ministry in charge of the transports through the establishment of a system of air circulation.

The provisions on forced air circulation all the aircraft.

Article 15 The national system of air circulation, in its general Mission of air space control, developed, basically, the following operational functions: a) Generate and disseminate information about the operating state of the movement and of the airfields and the dangers for air navigation.

b) generate and provide information about the meteorological situation, current or planned, in terminals and routes.

c) providing the services of alert, flight information and control, known generally as air traffic services.

d) Provide, within their possibilities, information or guidance that helps the aircraft to follow the planned path, through visual references or radio or any other telecommunications system.

For the fulfillment of their responsibilities, the body in charge of the national air traffic system has the required technical bodies, including the aeronautical meteorological service and check in radioajudes flight, radio communications and radar.

Article 16 The use of the services listed in the previous article, and in general of the aeronautical infrastructure, is mandatory and is adjusted to the conditions and rates established.

Article 17 the inspection of air circulation ensures compliance with all regulations and all the provisions and rules permanent or temporary decisions that lead to get a quick, tidy and safe transit of the aircraft, both in flight and on the ground.

Article 18 Corresponds to the Ministry in charge of transports the establishment, upgrading or removing facilities or air traffic Terminal Services in public-use airfields, which is carried out in accordance with objective criteria and knowledge


General, based on considerations of socio-economic performance of investment, which are determined by regulations.

The cost of the establishment, upgrading and operation of the facilities or the services mentioned by the owner of the airfield.

Article 19 the establishment of infrastructure of section b) of article 12 can enjoy, for the purpose expropiatori, the Declaration of public utility, and are subordinate to this Declaration the goods and rights, whatever its ownership, affected by these facilities, or the constraints arising, which are established by the Government.

Article 20 corresponds to the Ministry in charge of the transport direction and coordination of air search and rescue operations, without prejudice to operational functions assigned to other agencies and organizations.

Article 21 All aircraft in flight other obliged to follow the instructions it receives from the Andorran authorities: to land on the airfield that you specify or vary their route according to what you require.

Article 22 Because an aircraft can fly in the Andorran airspace must be authorized, possess the registration number or nationality, and the documentation required by this Act, its regulations or international treaties or agreements.

Article 23 All aircraft must follow in their flight the channels or navigation areas that may be imposed and respects the restrictions or prohibitions laid down.

Article 24 aircraft departure and arrival operations cannot be carried out if it is not on the officially authorized airfields.

Article 25 of the conditions of use and operation of aircraft without pilot are determined by the regulations.

Title III. Of the aircraft, their definition, classification, registration and nationality. On-Board documents. Of the registration, of the operations and of the certificate of airworthiness of the aircraft, of chapter i. definition and classification Article 26 for the purposes of this law, it is understood by all aircraft widget that can sustain themselves in the atmosphere by reactions of the air other than the reactions of this against the surface of the Earth. Are not considered aircraft delta wings, wings of slope and the ultralight, which is governed by its own regulatory rules.

Article 27 the acquisition, modification or extinction of the rights on an aircraft must, necessarily, in public or private document.

Article 28 aircraft are classified as State aircraft and civil aircraft, being defined as follows: 1. Are considered aircraft of State aircraft, public or private property, when used in non-commercial services of the public administrations.

2. Are civil aircraft all aircraft not included in the case set forth in the previous section. Establish the regulations the categories of civil aircraft by reason of the use or destination.

Article 29 of the aircraft registration in the register of Registration determines the nationality and gives the nationality and registration. Foreign aircraft have the nationality of the State in which they are enrolled.

Chapter II. The nationality and registration Article 30 can only be registered in the register of Registration of aircraft in Andorra-owned, either by having them in the property or to have them leased, to natural or legal persons of Andorran nationality or foreigners who have residence permit Andorra came into effect.

Article 31 the loss of nationality or of residence permit of the person or entity implies the loss of nationality of the aircraft.

Article 32 an aircraft registered in Andorra Andorran nationality loses if they are registered abroad.

An aircraft registered abroad cannot be enrolled in Andorra without having previously justified the low enrolment register of the country of origin.

The aircraft must carry visible outside the nationality and registration marks that are established, and in a visible place either on the inside or on the outside, a plaque indicating the type, serial number and registration of the aircraft, and the name of the owner.

Chapter III. On-Board documents Article 33 aircraft have to take on board the following documents, issued by the competent body in the matter: 1. certificate of registration, in which consists the title of property.

2. certificate of airworthiness.

3. License of fitness of each of the crew members.

4. certificate of the radio station.

5. Notebook of the aircraft.

6. Any other documentation which may be required by the legislation in force at any given time.

Article 34 the authorities of the airfields where aircraft are found they can examine all the documents.

Article 35 If incidents occur during the flight is not recorded in the documentation of Board, the Commander of the aircraft shall give sufficient accounts to the authorities of the airport of arrival.

Article 36 all models of the documents indicated in the articles above are official models established by the regulations.

Article 37 foreign airworthiness certificates and licenses of fitness of crew members can be validated in Andorra, who have completed the minimum requirements established for the certificates and the Andorran titles.

Chapter IV. Of the registration, of the operations and of the certificate of airworthiness Section 1a. Of the register of Registration Article 38 Under the jurisdiction of the Ministry in charge of transportation, established the register of Registration of aircraft, which has an administrative nature.

Article 39 the aircraft have to be necessarily taken in the special register, which will contain all the contracts for the acquisition, rental or other similar, and all the acts of amendment, transfer and extinction of rights and other events that affect the aircraft in general.

The whole operation is intended to register in the registry must be in public or private document, as required, and requires the simultaneous presentation of the relevant customs document and the title of ownership or possession, in order to relate the settlement practiced. The registration of transfers of ownership or changes of the holder are practiced under a public document.

Article 40 the certification of registration Record replaces the title of property in the event of loss or destruction, as they issued a duplicate.

Article 41 is compulsory registration in the register of registration of acts and contracts that affect the aircraft totally or partially.

The registration in the register of aircraft Registration of the acts and contracts


related to the aircraft does not exempt from the obligation to register them in any other public record if it was mandatory.

Article 42 No Andorran aircraft cannot perform would without the document that certifies the registration in the register of registration of aircraft and the update headline changes that occur. All of this without prejudice to the other documentation relating to the aircraft that must have the provider or owner, with the exception of the provisions of the international agreements or special provisions for foreign.

However, the Ministry in charge of transportation may establish the exclusion of registration of certain types or classes of aircraft according to their purpose of recreation, the dimensions or if you have limited operational possibilities, and who have a temporary or special authorization based on the characteristics or in your situation or documentary to regulations, establishing operational control.

The cancellation of registration of aircraft is not practical if you are subject to charges or encumbrances registered on public record, unless there is compliance of creditors ' claims comprehensively documented.

Article 43 the registry of registration of aircraft can be incorporated in the electronic media. The books of registration of mobile sheets, legalization, the format, the models of contracts, the documents required for registration, how to make them and the way to wear them administratively and functionally, are subject to the order that the regulations established by the Ministry in charge of transport.

Article 44 the Government approved by Decree the relevant Regulation of the registration Record.

Section 2a. Of operations and of the certificate of airworthiness Article 45 is called operation of aircraft using that made when relates to its types and their characteristics. All aircraft operating in accordance with the conditions of the approval and the requirements that are established.

Article 46 No aircraft is not authorized to fly without the issuance of a certificate of airworthiness awarded by the Ministry in charge of transportation, which you can renew, revoke or suspend, in accordance with the stipulated regulations.

Is meant by certificate of airworthiness the document used to identify the aircraft technically, define the features and express the grade it deserves for its use, acquisition of the inspection on the ground and the corresponding tests in flight.

Can be validated in Andorra the certificates of airworthiness that meet the minimum conditions to be accepted internationally.

Article 47 the regulations establish the different models, the periods of validity and the procedure of issuance of these certificates. In accordance with the purpose, the specific use or special conditions that have, the Ministry in charge of transports may exclude certain aircraft motivadament the requirement of certificate of airworthiness.

Article 48 provider is understood to be the natural or legal person who to any title can have the operations of the aircraft. Correspond to the responsibilities inherent in the maintenance and the operation of the aircraft, in accordance with the provisions of this law, and must be credited their ability.

Article 49 1. The operator of aircraft need to obtain a certificate of prior provider if you are engaged in commercial air transport. The other types of transport need the corresponding authorization stating their technical suitability for the specific aeronautical activities. Corresponds to the Ministry in charge of the transports of the establishment of the requirements for obtaining and maintaining in force of these certifications and authorizations, as well as for suspension and revocation.

2. The rent contracted aircraft without pilot, understood as the use private purposes of aircraft of foreign property by consideration, has the consideration of specific activity. This activity is subjected to the provisions of this Act when it is their application and to the provisions which, in development, or as a complement, will dictate.

Are determined according to the conditions you have to meet the companies and aircraft dedicated to this activity, for the establishment of which will take into account their special characteristics with regard to the compulsory insurance, applicable technical requirements and the exception of certain registration obligations.

Article 50 the Ministry in charge of transport establishes the regulations with the requirements and conditions that must certify the applicants of the certificate or authorization.

By application of regulations or international agreements may require the need for the recognition of other technical personnel of the provider; equally in the case deemed necessary to guarantee of the suitability of the operation, it is possible to extend this requirement to other staff.

Article 51 aircraft flying to or from aerodromes andorrans, must demonstrate compliance with the requirements established in accordance with the current regulations of the ICAO concerning noise emissions or soda. The Ministry in charge of transportation may establish limitations on the operation of aircraft for these same reasons.

The documents delivered by other States for this purpose may be accepted by the Ministry in charge of transport.

Article 52 the operations of transport of dangerous goods should be carried out in accordance with their specific regulations, with the permission of the Ministry in charge of transportation, which must authorize the staff in charge of operations with the load.

Title IV. Of airports and airfields Article 53 the surfaces prepared for the arrival and departure of aircraft are classified into airfields and airports.

The first can be both permanent and temporary.

It is understood by the aerodrome surface of defined boundaries of land or water used wholly or partly to the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft, including, if necessary, of buildings and facilities. Are possible when your establishment due to transitory needs or is designated for use in special circumstances.

It is understood by all airport airfield where there are permanent facilities and services with public character, in order to attend regular air traffic, enable the parking and repair of air material, as well as services and infrastructures in order to cater to aircraft, passengers or cargo.

The aerodrome or airport destined only to the arrival and the departure of helicopters


It is called heliport.

The aerodromes, airports and heliports may be public or private.

Article 54 Are airports of general interest which the Government terms as well in accordance with their conditions to serve international traffic, or those who to the situation, the features or the ability to generate traffic to be able to influence the planning of air transport, in the control of air space and in any case, those who have an interest for the national defence.

The rating carries the implicit declaration of public utility for the purposes of expropriation and possible limitations of rights affected by the location and the operation, both present and future, established in the legislation.

Article 55 Corresponds to the Government building, the qualification, inspection and operation of aerodromes, airports and heliports in the Andorran territory public, and the creation of the corresponding customs offices.

The Government is responsible for the approval of the installation of airports, airfields, heliports and private, as well as the rating and inspection.

Article 56 is up to the Government to fix the rates of landing, parking and departure of aircraft, aid to navigation, communications and other aeronautical services specifically airports, aerodromes and heliports of public character.

Title v. of the aeronautical servitudes Article 57 the land, the buildings and facilities that surround the airfields, airports, heliports and AIDS to air navigation, are subject to the constraints already established or to be established in special provisions.

Article 58 Corresponds to the Ministry in charge of transportation, compliance with those provisions and make effective the mentioned rights by their own means; If these provisions were insufficient, you can request the cooperation and assistance of other agencies and authorities, even if it were necessary for the demolition or the immediate disappearance of what there are built, installed and planted that contravenes the restriction in question.

Article 59 the owners or possessors of property may not oppose the entry or passage through their lands to rescue operations or help of aircraft accidentades.

Article 60 the damages they cause in the goods affected by the constraints on what will referred to articles 57 and 59 are determining, if applicable, in accordance with the legal provisions in force.

Article 61 for the protection of the safety of air traffic, the Government may set up, in the conditions and the extension provided for in the regulations are approved, the constraints on the property, and use the following rights: setting maximum heights, prohibition of smoke-generating facilities and mists or in circumstances that attract birds on the land adjacent to airfields , as well as establishment of restrictions on the expansion of the population in the areas of greatest risk to air these infrastructures.

Limitation of great heights in all the national territory that may have an impact especially on the air circulation.

Establishment of security zones and of heights for the maintenance of the integrity and accuracy of the aeronautical radio signals, and the need for prior authorization of radio stations in these areas.

The nature and extent of these limitations are determined at the proposal of the Ministry in charge of transport. In cases of urgency, they can be established by the Ministry in charge of transportation, and remain without effect if, within a period of one year are not confirmed.

Title VI. Aviation personnel, air traffic and air operator's Chapter and Article 62 in the aeronautical personnel. purpose of this law, is considered one of aviation staff which you need to license, instrument rating or mere authorization to exercise functions related to aircraft on the ground or in flight, as set forth in the following cases: 1. The personnel who have essential functions in the pilot for the transactions you want.

2. The staff to which assigned functions in the passenger cabin, related to transport.

3. The staff who will carry out the functions of air traffic control.

4. The staff that carries out functions of certification of maintenance work of aviation material.

This staff has to meet and comply with the requirements and conditions to be determined.

The Government, at the proposal of the Ministry in charge of transport, by reason of the application of regulations or international agreements or the evolution of the professions and techniques relating to aviation security, you can set the requirement of license or authorization for other aeronautical functions, as well as the reduction to mere authorization of any of the currently subject to license.

Article 63 the license is the document officially issued by the Ministry in charge of transports that empowers the owner for the exercise of certain aeronautical functions. Ratings consist of annotations in the licences or associated documents, in which are specified conditions, special powers or restrictions in relation to the powers granted in the license.

The authorizations in the field of aeronautical personnel consist of the formal recognition by the Ministry in charge of transportation of concurrency in a particular person of personal and professional requirements for the development of your site with aeronautical functions administratively regulated. The ICAA may order the suspension or revocation of licences, permits or ratings in the event of non-fulfilment of the requirements established by the validity or efficacy.

Article 64 The licences and ratings delivered by other States can be recognized or validated in Andorra according to the agreements and international treaties in force.

Some of the aspects of the formation of the person who requests can be accepted for the purposes of the fulfilment of the requirements for the obtaining of recognition or validation.

Circumstantially, it can authorize the use of aeronautical personnel with foreign licenses or equivalent qualifications when it recommends improving the specific activity in question. This authorisation has, in any case, temporary validity is limited to a maximum of one year.

Article 65 the education required for the obtaining of licences and ratings can be given by any natural or legal person who is in possession of the corresponding authorization, issued by the Ministry in charge of transportation, proving the fulfilment of the conditions for personnel, material and programs


that the regulations are established.

Article 66 the Commander of the aircraft is the person appointed by the provider for the remote control board and is responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft, and the crew, passengers, baggage and cargo, from which it takes charge in order to start the flight, although not navigate, until it produces the delivery Once completed the flight, another representative of the provider or competent authority.

The designation of the Commander is required in commercial exploiters flights.

The designated pilot must have the license and valid ratings in Andorra in order to exercise a professional activity, and appropriate to the operation to check in each case; You must also meet the additional conditions that regulations are established.

The Commander should fully enjoy their civil rights and to have Andorran nationality or of any Member State of the International Civil Aviation Organization or, where applicable, of another State with which Andorra established by special agreement. As a representative of the provider and head of the operation and of the human and material elements which are involved, has authority over all of these items in accordance with the laws and regulations.

Article 67 In all airfield there is a director who is responsible for the compliance with the requirements established for its operation.

The director of the airport is authorized in accordance with the provisions of the Ministry in charge of transport in the proposal through.

Chapter II. Article 68 The air operator's air operator defined in article 48 of this law are classified, for the legal system to which it is subjected its activity in non-commercial aviation, commercial and exploitative.

The operator of air transportation is also referred to as airlines or carriers.

Chapter III. The air traffic Section 1a. Of commercial air traffic.

Article 69 is considered commercial air traffic that is carried out by means of economic compensation, with purpose of transport, aerial work or training.

Article 70 The commercial air traffic with source, destination, or within the territory of Andorra, can only be exercised by the people, companies, organizations or entities that are enabled to this effect by means of an operating licence or equivalent qualifications, and the entry in the register of Commerce authorising specifically for the exercise of this activity, delivered by the competent authorities, in addition to those other technical certificates that are required.

Operating license shall be understood as the authorization granted to a company by which allowed the commercial air transport of passengers, mail or cargo, under the conditions listed.

71 article corresponds to the Government or to the Ministry in charge of the transport issue, renewal, and revocation of operating licences, certificates of provider and technical licensing to people, companies, organizations and institutions that have their head office in Andorra.

Article 72 1. Commercial air transport shall be understood as the transfer by air, between a point of origin and a point of destination, passengers, cargo or mail, in Exchange for remuneration or payment of rent.

2. Do not have the consideration of commercial air transport, for the purposes of this law, the flights made by aircraft without an engine or widgets with or without motor not defined as aircraft in article 26.

Article 73 any person, company, body or entity may not make commercial air travel, if you are not in possession of an operating license or certificate of provider, delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable.

Article 74 the Government dictates the appropriate rules in order to verify and ensure compliance with the conditions set out in terms of ownership and control of airlines of Andorra, in accordance with the applicable regulations.

At the same time, the Government adopts the pertinent measures with the object of ensuring the exercise of traffic rights that, under air agreements signed by Andorra with other States, is reserved to companies the majority ownership and effective control of which belongs to the Andorran national non-.

Article 75 the conditions for the establishment of the international air services of regular character between Andorra and other States established through agreements with the United States are interested, even taking into account the general interests directly related to air transportation.

In the absence of agreement, or in connection with the routes or services not foreseen in the agreement, the Government may grant authorisations, with temporary character and for a period not exceeding one year, companies of Andorra or abroad when the circumstances justify it, even taking into account the consideration due to the interest mentioned.

Article 76 The designations for the operation of regular services of passengers and/or goods and mail on the specified routes in the air agreements, are awarded to airlines, with the previous assessment of the appropriateness of the corresponding designation, in accordance with the objectives of the air policy. In any case, it has to verify, among other things, the appropriateness of the technical and financial conditions of the airline concerned.

The same criteria apply to the provisional authorisations for the exploitation of regular international services to companies in connection with the provisions of the second paragraph of article 75.

Article 77 the Government may modify, suspend or revoke the designations or authorizations, as well as replace a company to another, when the services for which they were granted the designations or authorizations does not start within the terms stipulated or leave to operate without any justified reason, will operate in a manifestly insufficient or inadequate, or the public interest request.

In the designation or authorization is expressed the duration, the purpose of the transport, routes and other conditions of services, as well as the causes that may lead to the suspension or revocation of such appointment or authorization.

The air services of Andorra for international traffic of regular character established through agreements with the United States concerned. The permissions or concessions to foreign companies are awarded under the principle of reciprocity.

Article 78 in order to verify that the foreign airlines meet the conditions set out in the relevant agreements, as well as other applicable international agreements, and in the Andorran laws and regulations,


These companies have to submit documentation and comply with the requirements established by the regulations.

Article 79 the Government imposition of public service obligations when involving public expenditure. In other cases, the Ministry in charge of transportation decides and determines the conditions of the public service obligation, in accordance with the applicable procedures.

Article 80 The Andorran airlines must provide, in the form and manner required, information on the activities that make the request to the competent authorities in the exercise of their functions and in accordance with the rules of this law and its regulations.

The competent authorities may also request the airlines that carry out services to and from Andorra, statistical information and other information about the services, with the aim of evaluating the quality and, if appropriate, publish the information that they are coming from on this matter.

Article 81 the airlines are subject to comply with the applicable regulations in the field of public safety of aircraft, people and things.

Article 82 for the purposes of this law, it is understood to aerial work: specialized activities executed with aircraft, which does not include air transport operations included in articles 72 to 81 of this law, mainly in agriculture, photography, advertising, surveillance, extinction of forest fires, overhead lifting, transfer and position of suspended loads, or other similar operations.

Are considered to be also aerial work flights that are carried out in order to move people or equipment, and the equipment needed for the realization of a work contracted air from the base of operations until its point of execution.

Article 83 any company, organisation or entity established in Andorra may not perform aerial work, in any of their specialties, or personal training without having a certificate of fitness technique with this effect.

Section 2a. Article 84 of the private air traffic for the purposes of this law, is considered a private air traffic the air navigation is not included in the section 1a of chapter III of title VI of this law.

Article 85 1. The private air traffic includes the navigation of private transport, tourism and sport aviation.

2. for tourist navigation it is understood that in order to meet the needs of personal displacement of the owner of an aircraft and its close relatives. This navigation may not under any circumstances give rise to direct or indirect remuneration.

3. Is private transport company in that a company with its own aircraft for companies the object of which is not transport, in order to relocate its staff, as a complement to their commercial activity, goods and products.

This activity may not have commercial nature, or be contracted or invoiced independently.

4. It is understood by sports aviation flight activities recreational purposes or of competition carried out or organized into an association or sports.

Are excluded from this concept of parachuting, paragliding, free flight model airplanes, and other analogous, the practice of which is subject to the specific provisions set by the Ministry in charge of transports with the object of ensuring the safety of air navigation, in collaboration, where appropriate, of the groups of clubs, sports federations or corresponding promotion.

5. The air shows, air festivals, and in general, the activities you want to open to the public with an exhibition, show or promotion, they must organize themselves through recognized entities or authorized with this effect, and may not take place if it is not under the conditions prescribed by the regulations.

Article 86 as soon it is applicable, the private air traffic is subject to the provisions of this law and of the provisions that the regulations the development. In the above mentioned regulatory development will take into account the special features of this traffic, so that the conditions and the procedures for its financial year to respond to the criteria of flexibility and maximum simplification, without disregard to safety.

For the exercise of private air traffic, can be used in different fields of aerodromes open to air traffic, in accordance with the regulatory provisions established in this matter.

Title VII. Of the contract of carriage of passengers and goods and the contract of carriage Article 87 The contract of carriage by air will reputa commercial and is intended to transport passengers or goods.

Article 88 the deadline to start actions arising from the contract of carriage by air prescribed by six months from the date on which it has been produced or stated the damage or injury.

Article 89 The combined transport between various airlines and, if applicable, with other means of transport, is responsible for solidarity, so that the sender or recipient can submit your claim against anyone who has been involved in the transport.

Chapter II. Of the contract of carriage of passengers Article 90 In the contract of carriage of passengers the carrier, the balance, the ticket of passage, which must contain the following information: place and date of issue name and address of the carrier starting point and destination name of the passenger transport price and date and time of trip summary Indication of the route to follow , as well as the anticipated indication of liability to which it is subjected the transport however, can accept more titles on transport with the information set forth in the regulations.

Article 91 The passenger ticket is personal and non-transferable document, and only can be used on the trip for which has been extended and in the place of the aircraft that, if necessary, determine.

Article 92 the suspension, the delay of the trip or the denial of boarding can give the right to compensation in favour of the affected passengers, under the conditions laid down in the regulations. When the suspension or the delay of the trip is due to causes of force majeure or weather reasons that affect the security of the flight, the carrier will have to try these causes; in this case, is released from responsibility by returning of the price of the ticket.

Once started the journey, if it is interrupted for any reason beyond the will


the traveller, the carrier has to pay for the costs of maintenance and accommodation throughout the duration of the interruption. In the event of not being able to resume the voyage, the carrier is required to make the transfer of passengers and their luggage on your own, using the medium as quickly as possible, to leave it in your destination, unless the passenger chooses for the refund of the total price paid for the ticket.

Article 93 The passenger can give up his right to make the journey, and get a refund of the price of the passage to the extent and the conditions to be determined in the contract of carriage that they have subscribed to.

Article 94 In advertise or sell its services directly or indirectly, and by any means, the carrier must ensure that the information provided to the public contains the features and essential conditions of transport, such as the name of the carrier actually, identification documents necessary to make the trip, regime of compensation and insurance to which it is entitled and how to proceed in order to request them.

In the purchase of tickets by computer systems, these systems must be trained to provide such information.

Article 95 in cases in which they deny boarding on a flight with excess reserves to passengers who have a valid ticket and a confirmed reservation, the passenger has the right to compensation, in the manner specified by the regulations.

Likewise, in the event of denied boarding on a flight sold as part of a package tour, act in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Article 96 the carrier, and in his name the Commander of the aircraft, it is empowered to exclude the transport passengers, by disease, etílica poisoning or any other drug, anti-social behaviour or other circumstances, may alter the order within the aircraft or endangering the safety of the flight. Passengers excluded have the right that they reembossi the price paid for the ticket.

Article 97 to facilitate the transport of passengers sick or affected by disability, regulations determine the conditions in which it has to carry out the above mentioned transport.

Article 98 the carrier is bound to transport, along with travelers, and included within the price of the ticket, the luggage, including the hand, with the limitations of weight and volume that will fix. The excess is subject to special stipulation. The carrier is responsible for the loss, theft or damage of your baggage that has been turned over for safekeeping, unless you try that the loss, theft or damage has used a case of force majeure.

When the luggage admitted not noted on the ticket, you must record a heel annex that must contain the indications that the regulations will fix.

The delivery of the luggage is made against the presentation of the ticket or heel, whatever the person that the exhibit. The lack of presentation entitles the carrier to use the personality of those who claim the luggage, and you can defer delivery until justification is sufficient.

Article 99 of the luggage received without protest from your receiver is, but evidence to the contrary, that presumption has been delivered in good condition. The regulations determine the time and manner in which the carriers can alienate in public auction the luggage abandoned by passengers.

Chapter III. Of the contract of carriage of goods Article 100 The contract of carriage of goods is perfected with his delivery to the carrier. This establishes the air port, which must include at least the information that the regulations will fix.

Article 101 the air port is full proof of the existence of the contract according to the terms contained in such contract and, at the time that any person present, the carrier has delivered the goods after meet the requirements health administrative, customs and other requirements.

In case of loss or theft of the card, the carrier is obliged to provide a literal copy to the sender or consignee, after certify the personality. If offers sufficient guarantees to this effect, the carrier can also deliver the goods to the consignee.

The sender is responsible for the accuracy of the indications and statements relating to goods registered in the air port.

102 article if for reasons of force majeure the transport cannot continue the route planned in the heel, the carrier on its own the package to another carrier to proceed to drive it as quickly as possible in accordance with the instructions given or ask the sender or recipient.

Article 103 the carrier will not respond if the transport is carried out on the date and time provided for when the suspension or the delay obey to reasons of force majeure or the weather affecting the safety of flight is also not obliged to compensate in respect of the commercial cargo that has to reduce to one of these circumstances.

Article 104 the carrier is obliged to deliver the thing carried immediately after arrival at their destination, after fulfilling the requirements, if any, that require regulations. The goods will be considered lost when the following terms that the regulations will fix without making the delivery.

Article 105 the carrier has an obligation to safeguard the objects that have been delivered for transport and of the loss, damage or delay in delivery due to the trip, when as a result of the non-exclusive nature or vice of own objects in question. The carrier also responds to loss, necessary, in the case of dumping, in order to achieve the security of navigation.

Article 106 When cannot carry out the delivery of the transported objects because it is not the intended recipient, or because it refuses to receive the goods without specifying protesting deterioration that may have, or because the recipient does not want to pay the cost of reimbursement, transport or others that correspond, the carrier must notify the sender. In this case, the carrier is paid depositary of the goods during the period of one month, after which, if the consignor has not willing, can alienate in public auction with the formalities that the regulation point, and to compensate the expenses, the rest is available to those who are entitled.


If the object is transport of perishable nature, the deadline set in the previous paragraph can be reduced for the benefit of the value of the sale of the thing carried.

The things that make allusion the preceding paragraphs may be made by the carrier, under its responsibility, outside of his home.

Article 107 the reception of things transported without protest on the part of the recipient constitutes presumption that the goods have been delivered in good condition, in accordance with the contract of carriage. In case of protest of the recipient, it must be stated in the letter of air port or thereto. Within a period of eight days must complete the corresponding claim in front of the carrier. If this claim is not verified on the mentioned deadline, your responsibility is understood to have extinguished.

Article 108 the consignor has the right to dispose of the things to which the transport and can, after having signed the contract, according to the carrier, remove them from the airport of departure or of destination, stop them in the course of the trip to an airport, change the place of destination or the target person or requesting a return to the departure airport. The expenses that results in the exercise of this right are on behalf of the consignor.

Article 109 The carrier may exclude those goods transport contract for its poor condition, conditioning or other serious circumstances that may constitute a danger, obvious point regulations for the safety of navigation.

Article 110 is strictly prohibited the transport of hazardous substances that may constitute an important risk for the safety, health or property, as well as the transport of explosives, weapons and ammunition.

Exceptionally, and with the express authorization of the Government, and you can carry these types of materials, but always meeting the requirements provided for in Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention, relative to the transport without risk of dangerous goods by air.

Title VIII. The liability of the carrier or provider 111 Article operators of the aircraft and its employees are responsible for, when they act in the exercise of his functions, for the damages caused to travelers or to things on Board of the aircraft by action of the same aircraft, for people or objects that you remove, or as a result of the operations of embarkation or disembarkation in the airport facilities.

Article 112 the carriers or aircraft operator must repair damage on the surface that gets people or things only if it proves that the damage from an aircraft in flight or of a person or thing falling of the aircraft, according to the who regulates in the international agreements that are applicable in Andorra.

Article 113 the carriers or aircraft operator must repair damage caused to passengers, baggage or goods, in accordance with the international agreements that regulate the applicable in Andorra, even if the transport is not in accordance with the definition of the international agreements mentioned above, with the exception set out in the following article.

Article 114 If the person using the aircraft does without the knowledge of the carrier, operator or owner, that person responds indefinitely, and the owner, carrier or provider, subsidiary, unless you can demonstrate that it has been impossible to prevent the illicit use.

Article 115 the competence for the exercise of the actions of liability set out in this title establishes in each case according to the rules and international agreements cited above.

Article 116 the liability action against carriers or aircraft operator in order to require payment of compensation referred to in this title prescribed, in accordance with the provisions of the international agreements mentioned above, and which does not envisage those agreements, within a period of two years from the date on which the damage occurred.

Article 117 in the event of a collision of two or more aircraft, entrepreneurs are severally responsible for damages caused to third parties. If the collision occurs due to negligence of the crew of one of the aircraft, the provider of such aircraft is responsible for the damages. If the fault is common, or indeterminate, the pushers respond together.

Title IX. Airline insurance airline insurance 118 Article are intended to ensure the coverage of the risks of air navigation that affect the aircraft, goods, passengers, the freight and luggage, as well as the responsibilities arising from damage caused to third parties by aircraft on land, water or in flight.

Likewise, on the airfields have been to establish civil liability insurance to ensure the coverage of risks that can generate, on terms to be determined by the regulations.

Article 119 is compulsory passenger insurance, the tariff, the load, the damages caused to third parties, and the aircraft under mortgage.

Article 120 the compensation by insurance for the aircraft in the event of a claim or of the loss must be legally seen, for delivery to whom corresponds, in the event that third parties appear with possible right to compensation or legal claim has been promoted as expressed in preference over the aircraft.

In order to facilitate the mortgage the exercise of your rights, the judicial authority who appropriated the compensation notifies, if known, the above mentioned incident.

Article 121 is not authorized the circulation by the Andorran airspace no foreign aircraft that do not justify having insured damages that might occur to persons or things transported and to third parties on the surface.

Title x. Of charges Article 122 aircraft can be subject to mortgage, usufruct, lease and other rights that the laws will be authorised.

For its full effectiveness, it is necessary to make one settlement in the registration Record. The transfers of ownership of the aircraft for its full effectiveness will also have to be made by means of settlement in the registration Record.

123 article can only be the subject of mortgage aircraft registered in Andorra.

The seizure of aircraft that are providing service as a consequence of public service obligations does not produce the interruption of such service, unless specific measures be taken to ensure the continuation in its provision. The authorities which have prompted it to put the fact the


the Ministry in charge of transport.

The non-payment of airport fees or air navigation can lead to the retention of the aircraft, causing the debit card, as long as they are not paid the outstanding debt.

Title XI. Of accidents, assistance and rescue and the findings Article 124 the assistance and salvage of aircraft or accidentades in danger are of public interest. Take place under the supervision of the Ministry in charge of transport, who is responsible for the investigation and determination of the responsibilities in case of an accident.

Article 125 compensation due to rescue tasks of people may not exceed, for each one, the fourth part of the quantities fixed in the case of death, in the regulations given by Andorra or by international agreements that are applicable in Andorra.

In the case of assistance or salvage of aircraft or goods, the compensation may not exceed its value or capital of your insurance.

Article 126 the discovery of an abandoned aircraft or their remains should be notified to the owner, if known, and it must be returned, after payment of the corresponding fee, in addition to a prize for a third of its value in the discover.

The aircraft or their remains are considered abandoned when they are unmanned and it is not possible to determine the legitimate ownership through the documents of Board, registration marks that owns or other means of identification, or when the owner expressly stating his desire to leave it.

Article 127 the owner in order to facilitate the exercise of their right, it notifies the find, if it is known. After the period of one year from the date of the finding without that there is claim of the owner, it is estimated the legal presumption of abandonment.

128 article If the aircraft or their remains may not keep or have spent the period referred to in the previous article, are sold in public auction and the amount is for the benefit of the State, after deducting expenses and the award, if any.

Article 129 special provisions regulate the obligations and functions on this matter and, in particular, the procedure in which they have to submit the research and international collaborations that have to admit.

Article 130 the actions arising from the assistance and rescue the prescribed two years of having completed operations.

Title XII. Of the inspection and the investigation of accidents and incidents in civil aviation Chapter and Article 131 the Ministry's aviation Inspectorate in charge of transports is responsible for the creation and control of an aircraft inspection authority.

The aeronautical inspection includes the supervision and control of the compliance with the regulations in force in the field of personnel, aircraft, facilities, training, operator, aeronautical activities and services, both in flight operations and ground.

This activity aims to, in addition to the verification of compliance with the regulations in force, the right of the conditions expressed in the different authorisations that are granted in accordance with this law and the regulations that develop it.

Article 132 the subjects subject to this inspection are required to facilitate the access to facilities, the materials and the necessary documentation for the correct completion of the inspection.

Article 133 the aircraft of other States are subject to inspection, to the verification of its certificates and other documentation required in accordance with the international agreements, as well as to verification of compliance with the provisions of this Law and its regulatory developments as long as they are applicable.

Article 134 The inspection task will be directed and driven by the aviation authority, and executed directly or indirectly, in the form that must be determined.

Develop regulations, in that it corresponds, the provisions that regulate this activity and the staff that has to exercise.

Article 135 the owners or persons in charge of the services, infrastructure, aircraft, aeronautical materials and activities referred to in this law, are required to provide to the members of the aeronautical inspection, in the exercise of their functions, access to their installations and the control of the elements and of the documents they are required to own or keep.

Records or reports of members of the aeronautical inspection inspectors testify, except for proof to the contrary, of the facts that is reflected, without prejudice to their obligation to bring all the elements of proof that are possible in connection with your content.

Article 136 In Andorran air space, any other aircraft forced to land at the airport, aerodrome and heliport that is specified by the aviation authority who watch out for the air circulation, so as to vary the route at the request of the aforesaid authority.

Chapter II. The investigation of accidents and incidents in civil aviation Article 137 for the purposes of this law, civil aviation accident is considered the event that motivated the death or serious injury of people, damage to the aircraft or its disappearance, provided that it is related to the use of the aircraft and will give the circumstances specified by the regulations.

Article 138 the events that affect or may affect the safety of air operations, related to the use of an aircraft, which are not classified in accordance with the provisions of the previous article as to accidents, and will give the circumstances specified in the regulations, receiving the name of serious incidents and incidents.

Article 139 The technical investigation of accidents and incidents in civil aviation, occurring in the territory of Andorra, corresponds to an entity or functionally independent Commission authority aeronautics, and taking into account that the treaties and international agreements. The procedure used in the research is always to the prevention of accidents and understand the data collection and analysis of information, obtaining conclusions, including the determination of causes and, when appropriate, the formulation of recommendations on safety, which does not imply in any case presumption of guilt or responsibility in relation to an accident or incident.

Article 140 the company or accident investigation Committee may request the collaboration of all public authorities as well as research agencies of other States,


conducting research on the outside when there are national interests involved or when it has been required by aeronautical authorities of third countries.

Article 141 The persons designated by the Ministry in charge of transportation for the technical investigation of an accident or incident of civil aviation, enjoy full independence and authority in order to carry out the mission given, and have unrestricted access to the remains of the aircraft and an absolute control over these, in order to ensure, under the best possible conditions , technical analysis, the collection of remains or components, the immediate access to the contents of the flight recorders, or any other record; to access the results of any examination or taking of samples of the bodies of victims; take statement to witnesses; access to any relevant information related to the event and who is in possession of any natural or legal person, as well as to practice any other type of proceedings that are considered necessary.

Title XIII. Aeronautical administrative infringements and penalties chapter i. aeronautical administrative infringements Article 142 in general, is subject to sanction the breach of any of the provisions set out in this Act by the person, natural or legal, who is obliged to comply with them.

Article 143 of administrative violations in the field of civil aviation Are actions or omissions classified, classified and subject to fines in the present law.

Administrative offences in the area of civil aviation are classified as minor, serious and very serious, in accordance with what is established in the following articles.

144 article Are minor offences: 1) Tripular aircraft, develop their own functions of the aeronautical personnel and perform the transport of people or things without carrying or not present, in the moment when the competent authorities expressly required, mandatory documents required by the present Law and its regulatory provisions of development and application.

2) Not the duty of conservation and safekeeping of books, notebooks, certificates and any other documentation related to aeronautical activities, when required by the present Law and its regulatory provisions of development and application.

3) Not the duty to provide the information or documentation that you provide to the aviation authority in accordance with the air legislation, as well as facilitate it incorrectly, inaccurate, insufficient or flawed.

4) Allow, or not to inform the aviation authority, the landing or take-off of aircraft surfaces that are not considered to be officially authorized airfields.

5) Perform would not meet the requirements and the necessary documentation when they are mandatory in accordance with the provisions of this law and its regulatory provisions of development and application.

6) Make air transport services or set up fees in breach of the relevant administrative procedures.

7) Not the duty of the whole transport, in the same aircraft, from the passenger and his baggage or infringe the obligation to issue cheque or proof of billing of the luggage mentioned.

8) Transporting dangerous goods by air, as well as manipulate them in the airports in breach of the rules and regulations for this type of transport, provided that the infringement does not involve danger to the aircraft or for people and things.

9) Violating the obligations in terms of information to users without that they produce any damage or prejudice.

10) Deny the free access of the user in the use of air services duly published and of general knowledge except what is for reasons set out in the legislation.

11) Infringe the provisions in the current regulations relating to the system of compensation for denied boarding in air transport.

12) Use without permission to land, buildings and, in general, equipment, facilities and services of the airport grounds, as well as activities, operations and maneuvers out of the places specifically provided for the effect or failure to respect the measures and security policies established by the aviation authority, as long as they do not constitute another offence more serious.

13) claimed that the measures and limitations established by this law and its regulatory development provisions on limitations to the ownership, use and rights for reasons of aerospace (aeronautical easements).

14) used in aircraft equipment may affect the navigation systems of the aircraft, or permit the use without permission, when this is compulsory.

15) Infringe the terms of registration or annotation in the register of aircraft, relating to changes of ownership by transfer of ownership or possession, or in respect of those acts and contracts of obligatory inscription or annotation that affect aircraft.

16) disobey any orders given by the Airport Authority in the field of competence established by the regulations.

Article 145 Are serious offences: 1) Infringe the conditions or obligations that are determined as essential in the permissions, authorisations, licences or concessions that in accordance with the present Law and its regulatory provisions of development and application are necessary in relation to the activities of civil aviation.

2) Make you want to part of aircraft without a pilot in areas that may pose risk to aviation safety, aircraft engine or sports flights without tripular without mandatory permissions or authorisations.

3) does not attend or not at the request of the aeronautical authority to carry out the necessary technical tests to check the safety of the aircraft or the normal operation of the airport and air navigation facilities.

4) activities subject to the present Law, licenses and authorisations ratings without having obtained or having them expired.

5) flights without complying with the prescriptions relating to customs services, health care, police and security, provided that affect normal aeronautical activity.

6) demining training aviation as a recognized without the relevant authorization, perform flight tests in places or with people not officially qualified, as well as contravening aviation and education programs the hours of instruction needed to establish the competent authority for the obtaining and maintenance of licences and


habilitations.

7) Make incomplete or inaccurate entries in the books, notebooks, certificates or any other document related to aeronautical activities, in contravention of that required by this law or by its regulatory provisions.

8) disobey any authorizations or instructions of the air traffic services for the use of airspace, as well as flying in prohibited areas, and not the provisions for restricted areas without justified cause.

9) Land or take off in areas that are not considered authorized airfields, except for express authorization from the aeronautical authority.

10) the current regulations on noise emissions, gassy discharge or airport of any kind made by aircraft or by teams.

11) flights by foreign aircraft on the territory of national sovereignty with infringement of provisions of international agreements signed by Andorra.

12) flights isolated or series of flights, to and from Andorra, without having obtained the corresponding authorization from the aeronautical authority.

13) Start off with excess load or with a distribution of such a load that is not according to the limitations set out in the documentation of the aircraft.

14) Not any requirement or provision related to the maintenance of aeronautical material, or not put due diligence in maintaining the aircraft, equipment or facilities, which can limit its safety and effectiveness.

15) flights without compulsory insurance.

16) does not give immediate knowledge to the aviation authority, both on the part of the Commander of the aircraft as its provider, accidents and incidents suffered by the aircraft.

17) does not work in search and rescue operations when this collaboration has been required by the competent authorities.

18) Use aircraft without nationality, and registration marks of identification, or that get altered or manipulated.

19) Admit boarding of foreigners coming to Andorran territory without the carrier has taken the due precautions, in order to bring the minimum documents required entry control.

20) Issue banknotes with violation of the regulatory provisions that regulate the contract of carriage or other required observation.

21) Claimed that there are provisions on fares, routes, flight frequency and timetables approved, except in cases of force majeure.

22) Transporting dangerous goods by air, as well as manipulate them in airports, without fulfilling the conditions established by the regulations for this type of transport, when may arise from copyright infringement danger to the aircraft or to the people.

23) Embark or disembark, without authorization or without having carried out customs procedures, if applicable, for the import and export of goods, passengers, cargo or mail.

24) Perform paid carriage by aircraft engaged in air transportation or by those used in sports aviation and aerial work, except if they have obtained the mandatory authorization.

25) Violating the obligations in terms of information to the users or give truthful information or biased, which caused damages to passengers or users.

26) Use unauthorized electronic devices interfering onboard equipment.

27) claimed that the measures and limitations established by this law and its regulatory development provisions on limitations to the ownership, use and rights for reasons of aerospace (aeronautical servitudes), all causing risk to air navigation.

28) put into service facilities of air navigation and airports without meet the requirements established by law or by the regulations.

29) does not preserve the airport and air navigation facilities in operating state suitable for the carrying out of its functions.

30) enable or perform the operation of aircraft on airfields, in breach of the terms and conditions established by the regulations.

31) Claimed the conditions or requirements regarding staff, facilities and capacity determined by the present Law and its regulatory provisions of development and application, for companies who engage in industrial design, manufacture or maintenance of aircraft and aeronautical products.

32) claimed that current regulations on flight time limitations and maximum periods of activity and minimum periods of rest for the crew.

33) the current regulations on activity limitations and rest periods on the part of air traffic controllers.

34) make or allow the execution of test flights of aerobatic demonstration or without mandatory authorization.

35) disobey any orders received from competent bodies in the field of security, control and surveillance of the air navigation.

36) contravening operational procedures contained in the manuals of operations and flight of the aircraft and other related documents with the certificate of airworthiness.

37) Not the operational procedures relating to noise emissions or any other contaminant.

38) special operations without permits or mandatory permissions, or without fulfilling the legal requirements or regulations established.

39) Provide or allow the performance of aeronautical services related to air safety for the provision of which requires license or authorization, when the subject is under the influence of alcoholic beverages, narcotic or psychotropic substances.

40) Allow the intervention, except in cases of force majeure, in flight operations, of people beyond the control of the operations.

41) allow the use of devices that could interfere with navigation systems or consent-its use without authorization, whenever required, in the aircraft.

42) Not the obligations relating to the aircraft, crew, passengers and load, as well as those related to ground operations that affect the correct realization of the air traffic and their compliments formalistic, the origin of unjustified delays, that alter the traffic or the conditions and effects of the operation.

43) to repeat an offence classified as a slight if in the preceding twelve months, the author of the offence has been committed again that has been the subject of disciplinary actions through final resolution.

Article 146 Are very serious offences: 1) perform actions or omissions as established in the preceding articles when


put in serious jeopardy the safety of people or caused damage to the material or the aeronautical facilities worth more than 150,000 euros and those that put in serious jeopardy the safety of the aircraft or air navigation.

2) Obstruct or impede the functions of recognition, inspection, security or surveillance provided for in the current aviation regulations.

3) Market without prior approval of the design, or design activities or manufacture aeronautical equipment industrial complex, as well as develop activities of maintenance, repair or modification without having obtained authorization from the aeronautical authority.

4) Use aeronautical material, once the manufacturing process, without the prior approval of the aeronautical authorities.

5) Make or introduce modifications or alterations in the aeronautical material which contravene or are outside the approved design, or maintenance tasks, without authorization from the aeronautical authority.

6) Order or bring the flight without the aircraft meet the due terms of airworthiness, making endanger their safety.

7) Provide or allow the performance of aeronautical services related to security for the provision of which requires license or authorization, when the subject is under the influence of alcoholic beverages, narcotic or psychotropic substances, endangering air safety.

8) to accomplish a work place air traffic control of irregular shape or negligent resulting risks to the air traffic or the operation of the aircraft.

9) leave the control site, without authorization, by the person to whom it has been assigned.

10) to repeat an offence classified as a sorry if in the preceding twelve months, the author of the offence has been committed again that has been the subject of disciplinary actions through final resolution.

Chapter II. Article 147 sanctions infringements set out in the previous chapter are subject to fines in accordance with its classification.

1 minor infractions or warning will be with Stoke) fine of up to 6,000 euros; the grave, with a fine of up to 150,000 euros, and the very serious, with a fine of up to 600,000 euros.

2) in the case of serious and very serious offences, the Ministry in charge of transports can agree on the suspension of the license of the people involved for a period of time between a month and a year, for the grave, and from one year to the disable short, for very serious.

3) Likewise, in cases of serious and very serious violations of which are responsible for people who carry out commercial or industrial activities related to aircraft or airfields, and alter the functioning and normal utilization, the Ministry in charge of transports can agree on the temporary suspension of up to one year, for serious offences, and for a time exceeding one year , or even the revocation, for the very serious, authorizations and concessions which were holding violators.

4) The limits on the amount of the fines, established by this law, may be updated by the Government depending on the modifications which experience the annual consumer price index.

Article 148 In the processing of files and in the application of sanctions, continue to the following principles: 1) The gradation of the sanctions, within the limits established for each type of infringement, is made all taking into account the damage caused, the assessment of the danger that the offender behaviour has meant for the safety of people and things, the intentionality of the offender and the reiteration in infringements on aviation that , for the purposes of this law, may not qualify as recidivism.

2) if the same action or omission is constitutes of two or more offences, it takes into consideration only the one that carries the more severe sanction.

3) in the event that during the instruction of an administrative record appear evidence that the facts constitute criminal offence may have been, it is transferred to public prosecutor's Office and suspended the sanctioning procedure while the judicial authority has not issued a firm statement or resolution that put an end to the process.

4) criminal sanction excludes the imposition of administrative sanctions. If not it has been estimated the existence of a crime or is missing, the Administration continues the record sanctioning, all taking into account, where appropriate, the facts declared tested in the decision of the competent judicial organ.

5) During the processing of the file, or in the event of suspension of the sanctioning procedure, may adopt immediately measures aimed at administrative measures safeguard the aeronautical activity and to restore the situation altered for the violation, and likewise may begin the procedures of suspension of the effects and of the cancellation or termination of administrative acts or contracts in which supposedly can back the illegal action.

Article 149 for the purposes of this law, the administrative responsibility is: a) On the offences committed on the occasion of the provision of services or carrying out of activities covered by the concession or administrative authorization, to the natural or legal person the holder of the concession or authorization.

b) in offences committed in the exercise of their duties on the part of those involved in navigation, flight control and safety of the aircraft, to the author of the material breach, which responds in solidarity with the holder of the authorization in which pay services.

c) in offences committed by owners, exploiters, companies, training schools of aviation personnel, agents, senders, shipping agents, passengers, crew members, users or, in general, to third parties, without being included in the previous sections, carry out activities that are affected by the aeronautical legislation, to the natural or legal person who is supposedly the author of the infringement and to which the regulations pertaining specifically to assume responsibility.

The people who are responsible for administrative, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, may exercise the actions that result from against those that are materially attributable infringements.

Article 150 The administrative jurisdiction for the resolution of disciplinary procedures for infringements of the provisions of this law corresponds to the Ministry in charge of transport.

Article 151 the provisions of this title shall be understood without prejudice to any criminal liability, tax or labour laws.

Article 152


Provisional measures relating to the deposit and immobilisation of the aircraft can be adopted only in cases where it can be impacted the airline security.

Additional provisions First mail transport, of national or foreign origin, is regulated by specific legislation of the ram.

Second to that is not set out in this law, it is of application the Convention on International Civil Aviation in Chicago, of 7 September 1944, as well as their annexes and the rules and recommendations established by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

Third, The provision of the services to which reference is made in this law and the use of the public domain of the airport prove legally that rates be determined in favour of the aeronautical authority and airport manager.

Fourth the powers and obligations of this law establishes that inspection and control may be carried out directly by the Ministry responsible for transport or, for his delegation, by public bodies or private companies of inspection and control with the technical and financial solvency and impartiality due to the realization of its activity, and who have the necessary human and material resources.

Final provisions First the Government will develop this law for the regulatory pathway.

It also authorises the Ministry in charge of transports in order to dictate, within the scope of its powers, the rules and the technical and administrative provisions of a general nature that requires the development and the application of this law.

Second this law shall enter into force the day after its publication in the official bulletin of the Principality of Andorra.

Casa de la Vall, 9 November 2000 Francesc Areny Casal Syndic General Us the co-princes the sancionem and promulguem and let's get the publication in the official bulletin of the Principality of Andorra.

Jacques Chirac Joan Marti Alanis, President of the French Republic the Bishop of Urgell Co-prince of Andorra Co-prince of Andorra