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902 KAR 10:085. Kentucky on-site sewage disposal systems


Published: 2015

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      902 KAR 10:085.

Kentucky on-site sewage disposal systems.

 

      RELATES TO: KRS

194A.050(2), 211.015, 211.350-211.380, 211.990(2)

      STATUTORY AUTHORITY:

KRS 194A.050(1), 211.090(3), 211.180(1)(d)

      NECESSITY, FUNCTION,

AND CONFORMITY: KRS 211.180(1)(d) requires the cabinet to regulate the

construction, installation, or alteration of any on-site sewage disposal

system, except for a system with a surface discharge, regulated by KRS

224.10-100(19). This administrative regulation establishes uniform standards

for on-site sewage disposal systems. The function of this administrative

regulation is to assure the construction, installation, or alteration of an

on-site sewage disposal system is performed in such a manner as to protect

public health and the environment.

 

      Section 1.

Definitions. (1) "Alter"

means to make a physical change in the original design, sizing, layout,

components, location, or method of operation, individually or in combination,

of an existing on-site sewage disposal system, as a result of necessary repair

or change in wasteload volume or characteristics.

      (2)

"Approved" means acceptable to the cabinet for the proposed use.

      (3) "Area

subject to flooding" damage means an area:

      (a) Subject to

surface ponding of rainfall runoff one (1) or more times each year, for more

than seven (7) consecutive days;

      (b) In a floodplain or drainageway with

visible evidence of stream scouring, pot-holing, gully or ravine formation; or

      (c) Within a karst depression subject to

backwater flooding from a subsurface conduit.

      (4) "Artificial

drainage system" means:

      (a) A manmade system

of surface ditching or berming to divert surface water run-off;

      (b) A curtain or

vertical drain for interception and diversion of lateral groundwater flow; or

      (c) Underdrain for

lowering the level of a high water table.

      (5)

"Blackwater" means wastewater containing liquid and solid waste

generated through use of a urinal, water closet, garbage disposal, or a similar

sanitary fixture used in a residential, commercial, institutional, or recreational

facility.

      (6)

"BOD-5" means five (5) day biochemical oxygen demand.

      (7)

"Cabinet" is defined at KRS 211.015(1)(a).

      (8) "Certified

inspector" means an individual certified under the provisions of KRS

211.360.

      (9) "Certified

installer" means an individual certified under the provisions of KRS

211.357.

      (10)

"Clay" means a mineral soil separate consisting of particles less

than 0.002 mm in equivalent diameter.

      (11) "Cluster

system" means a system designed to:

      (a) Accept effluent from more than one

(1) structure's or facility's sewage pretreatment unit;

      (b) Transport the collected effluent

through a sewer system to one (1) or more common subsurface soil treatment and

dispersal system of conventional, modified, or alternative design.

      (12) "Effluent"

means the liquid discharge of a septic tank or other sewage pretreatment unit.

      (13) "Fog"

means fats, oils, and grease.

      (14)

"Gravelless pipe" means large diameter perforated piping encased in a

synthetic filter material, designed for use in a lateral field trench without

trench rock or gravel fill material.

      (15)

"Grease" is defined at KRS 211.970(3).

      (16) "Grease

trap" is defined at KRS 211.970(4).

      (17)

"Greywater" means wastewater generated by hygiene activities in a

residential, commercial, institutional, or recreational facility, excluding

blackwater.

(18) "Karst" means

a type of topography formed over limestone, dolomite, or other soluble rock, by

dissolving or solution, and characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground

drainage. Groundwater flow in karst occurs principally in conduits and is turbulent.

      (19) "Landscape

position" means the location of an area on a site being evaluated for the

proposed installation of an on-site sewage disposal system, relative to the

surrounding topographic relief of the land surface. Landscape positions are

defined as follows:

      (a) Hill or ridge

top: the relatively level area occupying the summit of a hill or ridge.

      (b) Shoulder slope:

the transitional area immediately adjacent to the hill or ridge top where the

slope begins to increase downward.

      (c) Side slope: the

slightly to steeply sloping portion of a hillside lying between the shoulder

and foot slopes.

      (d) Foot slope: the

slightly to steeply sloping portion of a hillside near the base or lowest point

of elevation.

      (e) Toe slope: the

lowest point of elevation at the base of a hillside; generally concave in

cross-sectional profile.

      (f) Terrace,

natural: a naturally occurring elevated shelf of level to slightly sloping

character adjacent to current or former streams and drainageways.

      (g) Terrace,

artificial: a manmade elevated shelf or bench created by excavating into a

slope, or placing fill, along the contour.

      (h) Flood plain:

level to slightly sloping areas adjacent to streams or other bodies of water

subject to flooding for extended periods, or other flood-prone areas such as

sinkholes or other surface depressions.

      (i) Depressions:

sinkholes or other areas with a concave or cupped cross-sectional profile and

lacking surface drainage outlets.

      (j) Drainageway: an

area in the landscape with slight to steeply sloping sides which causes

accumulation of surface and groundwater and channels it to surface or

subsurface drainage outlets.

      (k) Convex slope: a

sloping area with a humped or upwardly bowed cross-sectional profile which

promotes dispersal of surface and groundwater.

      (l) Concave slope: a

sloping area with a cupped or downwardly bowed cross-sectional profile which

causes accumulation of surface and groundwater.

      (20) "Lateral

field" means that

portion of an on-site sewage treatment and dispersal system which consists of

subsurface trenches or beds containing materials, components, or devices for

maintaining exposed soil surfaces and a means to distribute effluent to those

surfaces.

      (21) "Low pressure

pipe system" or "LPP system" means an on-site sewage disposal

system consisting of a sewage pretreatment unit, a dosing tank with pump or

siphon, a pressurized supply line, manifold, lateral field, and necessary

control devices and appurtenances.

      (22) "Leaching

chamber" means a specially designed component for use in lateral fields

which forms an open bottomed chamber or conduit over the soil absorption

surface.

      (23)

"Mottling" means spots or blotches of different colors or hues

interspersed with the dominant color of a soil, created by three (3) basic processes:

      (a) Groundwater saturation of the soil

for varying periods of time, causing reducing conditions to occur which

chemically bleach or fade soil colorants, evidenced by soft concretions or soil

color of chroma two (2) or less by Munsell notation;

      (b) Parent material weathering, evidenced

by relic fragments of more durable parent material encapsulated within a mottle

of weathering mineral material;

      (c) Mechanical disturbance of soils by

cutting, filling, compaction, landslide, or other means, evidenced in

commingling of soil types and destruction of original internal drainage pathways.

      (24) "Overflow

piping" means a system composed of a supported, vertically-oriented tee

connected to a nonperforated gravity flow plastic pipe that conducts overflow

to distribution boxes of the lateral field.

      (25)

"On-site sewage disposal system" or "on-site sewage system"

or "on-site system" means a system installed on a parcel of land,

under the control or ownership of a person, which accepts sewage for treatment

and ultimate disposal under the surface of the ground, including:

      (a) A conventional

system consisting of a sewage pretreatment unit, distribution devices and

lateral piping within rock-filled trenches or beds;

      (b) A modified

system consisting of a conventional system enhanced by shallow trench or bed

placement, artificial drainage systems, dosing, alternating lateral fields,

fill soil over the lateral field, or other necessary modifications to the site,

system or wasteload to overcome site limitations;

      (c) An alternative

system consisting of a sewage pretreatment unit, necessary site modifications,

wasteload modifications, and a subsurface soil treatment and dispersal system

using other methods and technologies than a conventional or modified system to

overcome site limitations;

      (d) A cluster

system; and

      (e) A holding tank

which provides limited pretreatment and storage for off-site disposal where

site limitations preclude immediate installation of a subsurface soil treatment

and dispersal system, or connection to a municipal sewer.

      (26) "Parent

material" means weathering fragments of bedrock underlying a soil,

colluvial or alluvial deposits, loess deposits, or glacial tills from which the

soil is being formed.

      (27) "Perched

water table" means a saturated zone as identified by free water, or soft

concretions, or soil color of chroma 2 or less, overlying an impermeable

horizon and generally above the permanent water table.

      (28) "Permanent

water table" means the zone of soil and parent material saturation by

groundwater which remains relatively constant unless acted upon by artificial

means of drainage or severe weather conditions. This zone is evidenced by free

water or soil colors of black (due to high organic content), grays, blues, or

olive greens.

      (29) "Permeability

test" means a scientific procedure using lysimeters and other

instrumentation to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity of site

specific soil horizons.

      (30)

"Person" is defined at KRS 211.972(6).

      (31) "Plastic

limit" means the moisture content at which a soil changes from a semisolid

to plastic.

      (32) "Professional engineer"

means an engineer licensed under the provisions of KRS Chapter 322.

      (33) "Puddling" means the

creation of a thin restrictive horizon atop and within an exposed soil surface

by deposition of waterborne silt or clay-sized soil particles.

      (34) "Repair

area" means an area, either in its natural state or which is capable of

being modified, consistent with this administrative regulation, which is

reserved for the installation of an additional lateral field and is not covered

with permanent structures or impervious materials.

      (35) "Residential septic

tank effluent" means the liquid discharge having the constituency and

strength typical of liquid discharges from a domestic household septic tank

pretreatment unit. Effluent from a residential septic tank is generally

considered to have waste strength values equal to or less than the following

monthly averages: twenty (20) mg/l of FOG, 250 mg/l of BOD-5, and 155 mg/l of

TSS monthly average is equal to the sum of measurements taken over thirty (30)

consecutive days, with at least six (6) measurements occurring on six (6)

separate days, divided by the number of measurements taken during the thirty

(30) day period.

      (36)

"Restrictive horizon" means a soil horizon relatively impervious

to the movement of groundwater or effluent, and includes:

      (a) Mineralogically-cemented soil

aggregates such as fragipans or iron pans; or

      (b) Naturally-formed structureless soils

(massive structural grade); or

      (c) Naturally-formed horizontally

structured soil (platy structure); or

      (d) Claypan, a compact, slowly permeable

layer in the subsoil having a much higher clay content than the overlying

material, from which it is separated by a sharply-defined boundary. Clay pans

are usually hard when dry, and plastic and sticky when wet; or

      (e) Structurally-destroyed soils where

mechanical compression forces the plastic limit of the soil to be exceeded,

such as traffic pans, plow plans, and compacted fill.

      (37)

"Rock" means the consolidated or partially consolidated mineral

matter or aggregate, including weathered rock not exhibiting soil properties,

and exposed at the surface or overlain by soil.

      (38)

"Sand" means a mineral soil separate consisting of particles between

two (2) and 0.05 mm in diameter.

      (39) "Seasonal

high water table" means the upper level of a zone of soil and parent

material saturation over restrictive horizons or the permanent water table,

which may vary with weather conditions.

      (40) "Soil

compaction" means permanent damage to, or destruction of, natural soil

structural features by mechanical compression or puddling, which restricts or

prevents natural air and water movement through the soil.

      (41) "System replacement area"

means a parcel of land, under the control of an on-site system owner, reserved

for system alteration, expansion, or replacement.

      (42) "Secretary"

is defined at KRS 211.015(1)(c).

      (43)

"Sewage" means blackwater and greywater wastes generated in a

residential, commercial, institutional, or recreational facility.

      (44) "Sewage

pretreatment unit" is defined at KRS 211.970(9).

      (45)

"Silt" means a mineral soil separate consisting of particles between

0.05 mm and 0.002 mm in diameter.

      (46) "Sinkhole"

means a naturally-occurring depression in soil or bedrock formed in a karst

area by the removal of earth material from below the land surface,

circumscribed by a closed topographic contour, and lacking a surface drainage

outlet.

      (47) "Sinkhole sideslope

midpoint" means the line of equal elevation along the midpoint between the

footslope and the shoulder slope.

      (48) "Sinkhole throat" means an

outlet for a sinkhole allowing runoff from the drainage basin of the sinkhole

to flow directly into the ground.

      (49)

"Site" means an area or parcel of land, under the control of any

person, on which on-site sewage disposal system(s) serving any structures or

facilities are to be located.

      (50)

"Slope" means the deviation of the surface of the land from true

horizontal, measured as the rise or fall in feet and inches from a fixed point

to another point 100 feet distant, normally expressed as a percentage of slope.

      (51)

"Soil" means the naturally occurring unconsolidated mineral and

organic material of the land surface, consisting of sand, silt and clay

minerals, variable amounts of organic materials, and void areas between mineral

and organic matter particles.

      (52) "Soil

absorption" means the movement of effluent into and through interconnected

voids within the soil.

      (53) "Soil

horizon" means a layer of soil, soil material, rock fragments and other

unconsolidated material approximately parallel to the land surface and

differing from adjacent genetically related layers in physical, chemical, and

biological properties or characteristics such as color, structure, texture,

consistence, pH.

      (54) "Soil

map" means a map showing the distribution of soil series or other soil

mapping units in relation to the prominent physical and cultural features of

the earth's surface.

      (55) "Soil

morphology" means the physical constitution, particularly the structural

properties, of a soil profile as exhibited by the kinds, thickness, and the

arrangement of the horizons in the profile, and by the texture, structure,

uniformity, and internal soil drainage of each horizon.

      (56) "Soil

series" means a basic unit of soil classification, and consisting of soils

which are essentially alike in all major profile characteristics.

      (57) "Soil

structure" means the combination or arrangement of individual soil

particles into definable aggregates, or peds, which are characterized and

classified on the basis of size, shape, and degree of distinctness.

      (58) "Soil

survey" means the systematic examination, description, classification, and

mapping of soils in an area.

      (59) "Soil tests"

means tests and evaluations of soil morphology and land features required to

complete a site evaluation for a proposed site.

      (60) "Soil

texture" means the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay in a soil,

and may include particles greater than two (2) mm in diameter, such as gravel,

cobblestones, flagstones, and chert.

      (61)

"Subdivision" means the separation of a parcel or tract of land into

two (2) or more parcels or tracts for the purpose of development into

residential, commercial, or public building sites.

      (62)

"Subsoil" means, in general, that part of the soil below the A

horizon.

      (63)

"Subsurface soil treatment and dispersal system" means that portion

of an on-site sewage disposal system which accepts effluent from a sewage

pretreatment unit for further treatment by microbial, plant, and animal life

within the soil, as well as treatment by filtration, chemical decomposition,

and bonding within the soil itself, and consists of:

      (a) Devices,

components, and piping to:

      1. Transport

effluent under pressure or by gravity flow; and

      2. Distribute the

effluent to the soil absorption surfaces;

      (b) Trenches, beds,

chambers, mounds, lagoons, separately or in combination, which form or enclose

the soil absorption surfaces;

      (c) Rock, gravel, or

other fill materials required within the system, including barrier materials,

and fill soil within or over the system.

      (64) "Textural

class" means soil groupings based upon a specified range in texture.

      (65)

"Topsoil" means:

      (a) The A or Ap

horizon, as defined in the Soil Survey Manual, 1993, Soil Survey Division

Staff, USDA Handbook No. 18.

      (66)

"Variance" means a waiver of certain specified requirements of this

administrative regulation granted by the cabinet.

 

      Section 2. Site

Approval Procedures. (1) Individual site approval procedures.

      (a) A person seeking

approval of an individual site for the installation of an on-site sewage

disposal system or alteration of an existing lateral field shall submit:

      1. The required fee;

and

      2. A completed

application including a basic site plan drawing showing the following

information:

      (i) Specific address

or location of the site;

      (ii) Site boundary

lines and dimensions of the site;

      (iii) Location of

existing structures, sewage disposal systems, wells, ponds, streams, easements,

roads, and drives; and

      (iv) Proposed or

existing location of structure to be served by the system, and proposed system

location.

      (b) A person seeking

approval shall establish an appointment time and date for the site evaluation,

if the person desires to be present during the evaluation.

      (c) Property

boundaries shall be clearly identified.

      (d) If the site

evaluation reveals that the applicable requirements of this administrative

regulation are met, the area designated for system installation shall be

clearly marked by the certified inspector or professional engineer by using

flags or other suitable, readily observable markers. The location of the

designated area shall be recorded on a property drawing by showing distances to

existing set points. The person seeking approval shall receive a copy of:

      1. The Site

Evaluation Form including the overall evaluation rating;

      2. Drawing showing

the location of the designated lateral field area; and

      3. Written

requirements relative to site limitations.

      (e) After the site

evaluation has been conducted, a permit to construct, install, or alter an

on-site sewage disposal system shall be obtained prior to construction of any

portion of that system. An application for a construction permit shall be

submitted and accompanied by a detailed drawing of the proposed system or

alteration, including all necessary specifications, and required permit fees. A

permit shall be issued only by a certified inspector and only to a certified

installer or homeowner as provided in 902 KAR 10:110, and shall expire one (1)

year from date of issuance unless an extension is granted by the cabinet.

      (2) Subdivision

approval procedures.

      (a) A person seeking

approval for a subdivision developed after the effective date of this

administrative regulation, and for all existing subdivisions of record shall

follow the procedures for approval outlined in subsection (1)(a), (b), and (c)

of this section. Each individual lot or site shall be evaluated individually.

      (b) If a site

evaluation reveals that an individual on-site sewage disposal system is

unapprovable due to site characteristics, the applicant shall be advised as to

other alternatives, if available.

      (c) If a cluster

system is proposed, legal documents relative to ownership, operation and

maintenance of the system in perpetuity shall be submitted.

      (d) A local health

department may adopt more specific requirements for subdivision approval,

within its jurisdiction, if not in conflict with this administrative

regulation.

 

      Section 3. Site

Evaluation Standards. (1) A certified inspector or professional engineer shall

evaluate each proposed site. Based upon the factors contained in subsections

(2) through (8) of this section, an official site evaluation form shall be

completed classifying each factor as SUITABLE (S), PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE (PS),

or UNSUITABLE (U).

      (2) Topography.

      (a) Uniform slopes

fifteen (15) percent or less shall be considered SUITABLE with respect to

topography.

      (b) Uniform slopes

between fifteen (15) percent and up to and including thirty (30) percent shall

be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE with respect to topography. Slopes within

this range may require installation of curtain drains, vertical drains, or

other approved drainage methods upslope from the lateral field. Usable areas

larger than normally required may be needed in this slope range.

      (c) Slopes greater

than thirty (30) percent shall be considered UNSUITABLE except slopes greater

than thirty (30) percent may be classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE if:

      1. The soil

characteristics are classified as either SUITABLE or PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE to

a depth of at least thirty (30) inches;

      2. Surface water

run-off is diverted around the lateral field;

      3. If necessary,

groundwater or perched water table flow is intercepted and diverted through

curtain drains, vertical drains, or other approved drainage methods; and

      4. There is

sufficient ground area available to install the on-site sewage disposal system

with approved modification.

      (d) Complex slope

patterns and slopes dissected by gullies and ravines shall be considered

UNSUITABLE with respect to topography.

      (3) Landscape

position.

      (a) Convex hill or

ridge tops, shoulder slopes, and side slopes shall be considered SUITABLE with

respect to landscape position.

      (b) Convex foot

slopes and natural terraces shall be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE with

respect to landscape position.

      (c) Concave hill or

ridge tops, shoulder, side, foot, and toe slopes, drainageways, depressions,

and terraces may be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE if:

      1. The soil

characteristics are classified as either SUITABLE or PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE;

      2. Surface water

run-off is diverted around the lateral field; and

      3. Groundwater flow

is intercepted and diverted through curtain or vertical drains.

      (d) If the

provisions in paragraph (c) of this subsection cannot be met the landscape

position shall be classified UNSUITABLE.

      (e) An area closer

than seventy (70) feet to an open sinkhole throat or downslope from the

sinkhole sideslope midpoint, or subject to flooding damage shall be considered

UNSUITABLE with respect to landscape position.

      (4) Soil

characteristics, or morphology. Backhoe pits may be required for site evaluation.

If backhoe pits are not required, at least of four (4) soil borings shall be

taken in the area to be used for lateral fields. Backhoe pits or borings shall

be excavated to a depth of forty-two (42) inches or as required to determine

the soil characteristics. Each excavated test hole or pit shall be backfilled

to grade upon completion of the soil evaluation. Soil boring cores or exposed

soil horizons in backhoe pits shall be evaluated and a determination made as to

the suitability of the soil to treat and disperse effluent. Evaluation of soil

characteristics shall be performed according to procedures outlined by the Soil

Survey Manual, 1993, Soil Survey Division Staff, USDA Handbook No. 18, as

follows:

      (a) Texture. The

texture of the different horizons of soils may be classified into four (4)

general groups.

      1. SOIL GROUP I -

sandy texture soils containing more than seventy (70) percent sand-sized

particles in the soil mass. These soils are usually without sufficient clay to

be cohesive. The sandy group includes the sand and loamy sand soil textural

classes and shall generally be considered SUITABLE with respect to texture.

      2. SOIL GROUP II -

coarse loamy texture soils containing no more than twenty-seven (27) percent

clay-sized particles in the soil mass. They exhibit slight or no stickiness.

The coarse loamy group includes sandy loam and loam soil textural classes and

shall generally be considered SUITABLE with respect to texture.

      3. SOIL GROUP III -

fine loamy texture soils containing less than forty (40) percent clay-sized

particles in a soil mass. They exhibit slight to moderate stickiness. The fine

loamy group includes sandy clay loam, silt, silt loam, clay loam, and silty

clay loam textural classes and shall generally be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE

with respect to texture.

      4. SOIL GROUP IV -

clayey texture soils contain forty (40) percent or more clay-sized particles

and include sandy clay, silty clay, and clay.

      a. Soil materials with 1:1

kaolinitic or mixed mineralogy clays shall generally be considered

provisionally suitable as to texture.

      b. Soil materials with 2:1 clays and

montmorillonitic mineralogy shall generally be considered unsuitable as to

texture.

      c. Soil mineralogy information may be

obtained from proper soil classification and correlation of the site or by

laboratory tests listed in the Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, 1996,

National Soil Survey Center, NRCS-USDA, Soil Survey Investigations Report No.

42.

      5. The soil texture

shall be estimated by field testing. Laboratory estimation of texture by

particle-size analysis may be substituted for field testing if conducted in

accordance with approved standard procedures such as those listed in the Soil

Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, 1996, National Soil Survey Center, NRCS-USDA,

Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 42, at the property owner's expense.

      (b) Structure. The

four (4) kinds of soil structure most significant in movement of sewage

effluent through soils are:

      1. Block-like soil

structure - block-like soil structure shall be considered PROVISIONALLY

SUITABLE. Some rocks even though weathered, such as shales or creviced or

fractured rocks, exhibit block-like structure. Rock shall be considered

UNSUITABLE as to structure.

      2. Prismatic soil

structure - prismatic soil structure is generally considered PROVISIONALLY

SUITABLE unless it is associated with fragipans, which shall be considered

UNSUITABLE.

      3. Platy soil

structure - if Group II, III and IV soils fall out into plate-like sheets, then

the soil would have platy structure which shall be considered UNSUITABLE.

      4. Absence of soil

structure - soils which are massive or single grain and exhibit no structural

aggregates shall be considered UNSUITABLE.

      (5) Internal soil

drainage.

      (a) Internal soil

drainage characteristics shall be determined by the following procedures:

      1. Comparison of

moist soil samples collected throughout the soil profile, to a minimum depth of

forty-two (42) inches, to standard Munsell notation soil color charts to

establish color hue, value and chroma; and

2. Observation of soil

profile for evidence of chroma 2 or less, with or without mottling,

characterized as to abundance and contrast; or

      3. Observation of

freestanding water table.

      (b) Soils exhibiting

colors or mottling of greater than chroma 2 with no freestanding water table to

a depth of forty-two (42) inches shall be considered SUITABLE with respect to

internal drainage, if soil texture and structure are classified as either

SUITABLE or PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE.

      (c) Soils exhibiting

colors or mottling of chroma 2 or less or freestanding water table starting at

a depth of less than forty-two (42) inches but greater than or equal to

twenty-four (24) inches shall be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE with respect

to internal drainage, if soil texture and structure are classified SUITABLE or

PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE.

      (d) Soils exhibiting

colors or mottling of chroma 2 or less or freestanding water table at a depth

of less than twenty-four (24) inches may be classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE,

if:

      1. Soil texture and

structure are classified SUITABLE or PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE; and

      2. Curtain drains,

vertical drains, or other approved methods are installed to intercept lateral

water movement, or to lower and maintain the freestanding water table level to

a depth of greater than twenty-four (24) inches.

      (e) Soils exhibiting

colors or mottling of chroma 2 or less or freestanding water table at a depth

of less than twenty-four (24) inches which cannot meet the criteria listed in

paragraph (d)1 of this subsection shall be considered UNSUITABLE.

      (6) Soil depth.

      (a) Presence of

bedrock or large flagstones, also known as "floaters", shall be

determined by probing the site and through direct observation of the soil

profile. Soil depth shall be considered the vertical distance from the existing

ground surface to:

      1. Solid, fractured

or rippable bedrock;

      2. Weathered parent

material; or

      3. Large flagstones

which occupy more than thirty (30) percent of the exposed soil profile.

      (b) Soil depths

forty-two (42) inches or greater shall be considered SUITABLE as to depth.

      (c) Soil depths less

than forty-two (42) inches, but at least twenty-four (24) inches, shall be

considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE as to depth.

      (d) Soil depths less

than twenty-four (24) inches shall be classified UNSUITABLE as to depth.

      (e) If special

system design and installation modifications can be made to provide at least

eighteen (18) inches of undisturbed naturally occurring soil between the bottom

of the lateral field, the soils may be reclassified PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE as

to depth.

      (7) Restrictive

horizons.

      (a) Soils in which

restrictive horizons are at forty-two (42) inches in depth or greater shall be

considered SUITABLE.

      (b) Soils in which

restrictive horizons are at depths less than forty-two (42) inches, but at

least twenty-four (24) inches, shall be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE.

      (c) Soils in which

restrictive horizons are at depths less than twenty-four (24) inches may be

classified PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE, if special system design and installation

modifications can be made to provide at least eighteen (18) inches of

undisturbed naturally occurring soil between the bottom of the lateral field

and the restrictive horizon.

      (d) Soils in which

restrictive horizons are at depths less than twenty-four (24) inches which

cannot meet the provisions in paragraph (c) of this subsection, shall be considered

UNSUITABLE.

      (8) Available space.

      (a) Sites which have

two (2) times the usable land area required to permit the installation of an

approved on-site sewage disposal system, in addition to the land area to be

occupied by existing or proposed structures, or other natural or manmade

features of the site which are not compatible with system installation shall be classified SUITABLE

as to available space.

      (b) Sites which have the usable land area

required to permit the installation of an approved on-site sewage disposal

system, and the usable land area required to permit the installation of an

equivalent approved system, in addition to the land area to be occupied by existing

or proposed structures, or other natural or manmade features of the site which

are not compatible with system installation shall be classified PROVISIONALLY

SUITABLE as to available space.

      (c) All other sites shall be classified

UNSUITABLE as to available space.

      (9) Determination of

overall site suitability. The criteria in subsections (2) through (8) of this

section shall be SUITABLE, PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE, or UNSUITABLE as indicated.

If all criteria are classified the same, that classification will prevail. If

there is a variation in classification of the several criteria, the lowest

classification shall determine the overall site classification.

      (a) Topography

classified as UNSUITABLE may be reclassified PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE under the

provisions of subsection (2) of this section.

      (b) If the landscape

position, soil texture, soil structure, internal drainage, or depth to

restrictive horizon is classified as UNSUITABLE, and cannot be reclassified as

PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE through modification, the overall classification shall

be UNSUITABLE regardless of the other criteria, unless the provisions of

Section 4(6) of this administrative regulation are met.

      (c) Soil depth

classified as UNSUITABLE may be reclassified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE under

the provisions of subsection (6)(e) of this section.

 

      Section 4. Site

Classification and System Restrictions. (1) Restrictions shall be placed upon

on-site sewage systems approved for use due to site limitations or daily waste

load volume. The restrictions shall be determined by the following conditions,

and the modified or alternative system listed shall be considered as the

minimum acceptable.

      (2) A site with an

overall evaluation rating of SUITABLE, a conventional subsurface soil treatment

and dispersal system twenty four (24) inches deep, shall not be permitted

without the approval of the local health department or the Department for

Public Health.

      (3) A site with an

overall rating of PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE due to:

      (a) Depth to rock,

water table, or restrictive horizon.

      1. Twenty-four (24)

inches but less than forty-two (42) inches - a six (6) to twenty-three (23)

inch deep modified conventional trench, or other approved system with a minimum

separation distance of eighteen (18) inches between trench bottoms and rock,

water table, or restrictive horizon.

      2. Eighteen (18)

inches to less than twenty-four (24) inches - a mound system; other approved

system that maintains a minimum separation distance of eighteen (18) inches

between trench bottoms and rock, water table, or restrictive horizon; or,

sufficient filling of the area with suitable soil to allow installation of a

modified or alternative system after a one (1) year settling period. A minimum separation distance

of twelve (12) to eighteen (18) inches between trench bottoms and rock, water

table, or restrictive horizon may be considered on a case-by-case basis with

additional approved treatment technology such as: peat filter systems, sand

filter systems, aerobic units, and drip irrigation systems, two (2) tanks in a

series, dual compartment septic tanks, approved effluent filters, and

constructed wetlands cells.

      3. Less than

eighteen (18) inches - filling of the area with suitable soil to sufficient

depth to allow modified or alternative system installation after a one (1) year

settling period.

      (b) Soil texture or

structure.

      1. Soil Group III -

any approved system.

      2. Soil Group IV - a

conventional trench system modified by the use of additional pretreatment as

outlined in Section 6(2) of this administrative regulation. The system may be

required to be modified by the use of alternating lateral fields; by dosing

tank and pump or siphon; by dosed alternating lateral fields; by dosed

automatic alternating lateral fields; or by the use of an LPP system; by a

lagoon and lateral field system; or by other systems approved by the cabinet

for use in Group IV textured soil. Gravity flow distribution systems in this

soil group shall use equal flow distribution boxes only.

      (4) If available

space for

the installation of an approved system is inadequate:

      (a) Installation of permanent one and

six-tenths (1.6) gallon or less low-volume flush water closets or nonwater

carriage toilet devices shall be required.

      (b) As much lateral footage of the most

space efficient approved system, but no less than fifty (50) percent of the

required minimum lateral footage for that system, discharging into a holding

tank which is at least equal in capacity to the required pretreatment unit

shall be required.

      (5) If a

PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE rating was obtained which may be affected by a

combination of site limitations, the on-site system, whether conventional,

modified, or alternative, which will overcome all limitations involved shall be

installed.

      (6) A site

classified as UNSUITABLE may be used for on-site sewage disposal systems, if

engineering, hydrogeologic, and soil studies indicate to the cabinet that a

suitable on-site sewage disposal system can reasonably be expected to function

satisfactorily. The site may be reclassified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE upon

submission to the cabinet of adequate substantiating data to indicate that:

      (a) An on-site

sewage disposal system can be installed so that the effluent will receive

adequate treatment and proper disposal;

      (b) The effluent

will not contaminate any drinking water supply, groundwater, perched water, or

surface water;

      (c) The effluent

will not be exposed on the ground surface.

      (7) A site originally

classified as UNSUITABLE due to soils that have been structurally damaged may

be upgraded to PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE if the following conditions are met:

      (a) Structural damage limited to a

maximum depth of six (6) inches from the original ground surface;

      (b) Trench depth at least six (6) inches

deeper than the damaged layer;

      (c) Required vertical separation

distances to rock, water table, or other restrictive horizons maintained;

      (d) Soil rectification performed using

one (1) of the following methods:

      1. Mechanical renovation with a chisel

plow or other similar device if damaged soil is adequately improved by lifting

from two (2) inches below the damaged layer; or

      2. Removal of damaged soil and

replacement with a Group III or better soil with a SUITABLE or PROVISIONALLY

SUITABLE structure; and

      (e) Reevaluation by a certified inspector

following soil rectification and prior to system installation.

 

      Section 5. Approval

of Consultants. (1) The cabinet may grant limited approval to an eligible

individual to perform tentative site evaluations only for proposed subdivisions

for which on-site sewage disposal systems are intended.

      (a) Individuals

eligible for approval as consultants shall include:

      1. Professional

engineers;

      2. Registered

architects;

      3. Soil scientists;

      4. Professional

geologists;

      5. Certified

inspectors whose certifications have not been suspended or revoked.

      (b) The cabinet may

require attendance at training seminars and competency testing as a condition

of maintaining approved status.

      (2) To be eligible for

approval as a consultant, the individual shall possess a valid professional

registration, license, certificate, or other similar document, issued by the

respective profession's registration, licensure, or certification board,

agency, committee, or other body recognized by the state of Kentucky.

      (3) If suspension or revocation

proceedings are initiated by the cabinet, in accordance with KRS 211.360(3),

the certified individual may request a hearing before the cabinet, in

accordance with KRS 211.360(4), to present evidence on his behalf as to why the

intended action should not be taken.

      (4) If the cabinet has suspended or

revoked certification for cause, the cabinet shall provide notification to the

appropriate professional body with which the person affected is registered, licensed,

or certified.

 

      Section 6. System

Sizing Standards. (1) Design waste flows. Daily waste flow volumes for system

design and sizing purposes shall be computed for each residential unit,

business or commercial facility, or other public facility, based upon the

design flow per designated flow unit listed in Table 1 multiplied by the number

of flow units involved.

      (a) If approved

permanent nonwater carriage water closet type devices, such as composting,

incinerator, or oil carriage toilets, are installed exclusively in a residence

and if no other blackwater type wastes are created, the daily design waste flow

unit for that specific residence may be reduced to the figure given in Table 1.

      (b) A daily waste

flow unit reduction shall not be granted for installation of nonpermanent flow

reduction devices, such as showerheads, showerhead or faucet inserts,

suds-saver type automatic washing machines, or other similar devices. Use of

water saving devices, such as low-volume flush water closets, may be required

by the cabinet if necessary due to site limitations.

      (c) An on-site

sewage system that receives a design daily waste flow of 2,000 gallons or more

shall be designed to provide dosing of the lateral field through the use of

dosing tanks and pumps or siphons, or through the installation of an LPP system.

      (d) An applicant

proposing to use an on-site sewage disposal system for a nonresidential source

of sewage shall provide the following information to the cabinet:

      1. Data to show the sewage does not contain

industrial wastewater;

      2. Data to establish the potential sewage

strength and to identify chemicals found in the sewage that are not typically

found in residential sewage; and

      3. A design to provide pretreatment of

the sewage to at least residential septic tank effluent quality.

      (e) The following

businesses or facilities shall not be approved for disposal of waste waters

into an on-site sewage disposal system due to the nature of the wastes

generated or the high volume of wastewater created:

      1. Laundromats,

except on an experimental basis as provided under Section 8(14) of this

administrative regulation;

      2. Car washes;

      3. Kill room wastes

from livestock slaughterhouses;

      4. Embalming wastes

from funeral parlors or mortuaries; and

      5. Industrial or

process wastes from factories.



Table

1

Design

Daily Waste Flow







 





Gallons/Unit/Day







Source of Sewage

Dwelling Units





Units





Standard





Column

B







Single family residences





Each bedroom





120





90







Hotels or motels





Each room





100





 







Apartments/condominiums/townhouses





Each bedroom





120





 







Rooming houses





Each bedroom





120





 







Mobile home parks





Space





300





 







Commercial/industrial:





 





 





 







Retail stores





Each toilet room





200





 







Malls, shopping centers





Each 1000 sq. ft.





200





 







Offices





Employee





20





 







Medical offices

(with laboratories)





Employee





50





 







Dental offices (with

water rinse units)





Exam chair





250





 







Dental offices (with

suction units)





Exam chair





50





 







Veterinary office

(add for animal

grooming)

(add for animal

boarding)





Clinic

per animal

per animal





250

10

10





 







Dog kennels





per dog





5





 







Industrial buildings

 

(Add for showers)





Employee/shift (does not

include process water or cafeteria)

Employee/shift





20

 

10





 







Construction site





Employee/shift





20





 







Visitor center





Visitor





5





 







Barber shops





Chair





75





 







Beauty shops





Chair





125





 







Laundromats: (experimental

only)





Machine





300





 







Eating and drinking establishments:





 





 





 







Restaurant (does not

include bar or lounge)





Meal/seat





15





 







Bar or lounge





Seat





20





 







Drive-in (no public

restrooms)





Establishment





500





 







Drive-in (with public

restrooms)





Car stall





20





 







Food markets:





 





 





 







Prepackaged





Store





250





 







Food processing:

(with eat-in

delicatessen)

(with carryout

delicatessen)





Store

Meal/seat

Store





1,000

15

Additional

250





 







Rabbit or fish

processors

(with solid waste separation)





Employee/shift

per animal or fish

processed





20

0.5





 







Institutional (includes

food service):





 





 





 







Hospitals and surgical

centers





Each bed





300





 







Mental





Each bed





100





 







Prison or jail





Each inmate bed





100





 







Nursing home, rest home





Each resident bed





100





 







Schools and Churches (includes

food service):





 





 





 







Elementary, day care,

kindergarten





Student





25





 







High school





Student





35





 







College





Student





35





 







Boarding school





Student





60





 







Churches:

(without kitchen

facilities)

(with kitchen

facilities)





 

Average

attendance/person

Average

attendance/person





 

3

5





 







Recreational:





 





 





 







Recreational vehicle

park

(sewer hook-ups to each

space)

(with central bath only)

Dump station only





 

Space

Space

Space





 

125

75

25





 







Day camp (no meals)





Person





15





 







Residential camp

(includes cafeteria)





Person





60





 







Resorts/housekeeping

cabin





Bedroom





120





 







Tent camping areas

w/central bath





Space





75





 







Country clubs (does not

include food service)





Member





15





 







Golf courses





Average

attendance/person





10





 







Swimming pools





Design capacity/person





10





 







Picnic parks, sports

facilities, ball parks:





 





 





 







(with toilet only)

(with food service)





Average

attendance/person

Average

attendance/person





5

8





 







Movie theaters





Seat





5





 







Drive-in theaters

(includes food service)





Space





15





 







Skating rink/dance hall





Person (based on rated capacity)





10





 







Bowling alley





Lane





100





 







Transportation:





 





 





 







Airport, bus or rail

depot





Passenger





5





 







Auto service station





Each water closet or

urinal





250





 







 



      (2) Residential

pretreatment units. A septic tank in a single-family residence on-site sewage

disposal system shall meet the minimum working liquid capacities in paragraphs

(a) to (c) of this subsection, based on the number of bedrooms involved. An

aerobic or other type of approved pretreatment unit shall be sized according to

its rated treatment capacity in gallons per day, based upon the design daily

waste flow per design unit given in Table 1.

      (a) On a Soil Group

IV site, additional pretreatment shall be provided by use of one (1) of the

following methods:

      1. Installation of

multiple septic tanks in series. The first tank receiving raw sewage from the

residence shall be of the required minimum capacity in Table 2. Additional

tanks shall be installed in series as needed to provide a total capacity equal

to the required minimum plus an additional fifty (50) percent;

      2. Installation of

an aerobic pretreatment unit. An aerobic unit that does not include an integral

trash or primary settling chamber in its construction shall be provided by the

series installation of a minimum 1,000 gallon septic tank to receive raw

sewage, with effluent discharging into the aerobic unit.

      3. Installation of multiple

compartment septic tanks. The first compartment, receiving raw sewage from the

residence shall be of the required minimum capacity in Table 2. The second

compartment shall have a total capacity equal to at least fifty (50) percent of

the first compartment.

      4. Permanent installation of effluent

filters. The effluent filter shall be a maximum screen size of one-sixteenth

(1/16/) inch and shall be installed either inside or following a properly-sized

septic tank. Access to filters shall be provided to finished grade.

      (b) Subsurface flow constructed wetlands

on-site sewage disposal systems shall include one (1) of the following

pretreatment options:

      1. Two (2) septic tanks in series and an

approved commercial-sized filter located at the outlet end of the second tank;

      2. A two (2) compartment septic tank and

an approved commercial-sized filter located at the outlet end of the second

compartment; or

      3. An aerobic unit and an approved

commercial-sized filter installed internally or externally on the outlet pipe.

      (c) A pretreatment unit for subsurface

flow constructed wetlands shall be sized the same as a pretreatment unit for

Group IV textured soil.

      If required minimum

tank capacities for residential systems exceed 1,000 gallons and larger

capacity tanks are unavailable, serial installation of multiple tanks is

permitted to obtain the necessary capacity. The first tank in series shall have

a minimum capacity of 1,000 gallons.



Table

2

Minimum

Capacity of Pretreatment Units







Number

of

Bedrooms





Gallon

Capacity

(Without

Garbage

Disposal)





Gallon

Capacity

(With

Garbage

Disposal)







3

or less





1,000





1,250







4





1,250





1,500







5





1,500





1,750







Each

Additional





250





250





 

      (3) Commercial and

public facility pretreatment units.

      (a) Minimum working

liquid capacities for a septic tank for a commercial or public facility on-site

sewage disposal system shall be determined by multiplying the daily design

waste flow per unit times the total number of units, plus an additional fifty

(50) percent of that figure for solids storage. (Gallons/unit/day X Number of

Units) + 50% = MINIMUM CAPACITY REQUIRED.

      (b) Commercial

facility system installation shall be subject to procedures and requirements

listed in subsection (2) of this section relative to:

      1. Sites with soils

in Soil Group IV;

      2. Subsurface flow

constructed wetlands;

      3. Aerobic and other

types of pretreatment units; and

      4. Use of multiple

tanks in series to obtain required capacity.

      (c) An establishment

with food

preparation or food processing facilities shall install adequately-designed and

approved pretreatment units to reduce FOG, BOD-5, and TSS to a level typically

found in residential septic tank effluent. The applicant shall be required to

submit data from comparable facilities to determine the establishment’s

potential effluent strength.

      (d) A

commercial or public facility engaged in the manufacture, processing,

preparation, or service of food or food products shall be provided with an

approved grease trap. Wastewater drain piping from food processing equipment;

sinks for washing of food, equipment and utensils; dishwashers; and floor

drains in food preparation and processing areas shall be separated from other

wastewater piping, and shall discharge into a grease trap prior to entrance

into an on-site sewage disposal system. Grease trap capacity shall be a minimum

of 500 gallons for daily waste flows of 6,000 gallons or less; and 1,000

gallons for daily waste flows greater than 6,000 gallons. A grease trap shall

be placed outside of the structure and shall be located as close as practicable

to the source of the wastewater to prevent separation of grease prior to entry

into the grease trap.

      (4) Sizing of

gravity distribution lateral fields. Gravity distribution lateral fields for an

on-site sewage disposal system shall be sized based upon the design daily waste

flow for the residence, commercial or public facility involved, as determined

from Table 1. The total daily waste flow multiplied by the linear footage

requirement per gallon found in Table 3 for the specific site soil

characteristics, shall determine the minimum linear footage of lateral trench

required.



Table

3

Application

Rates for Gravity Distribution

Lateral

Fields Based on Two (2) Foot

Conventional

Trench Width







Soil

Group





Soil

Texture Classes





Application

Rate Gal/Sq. Ft./Day





Linear Ft. Per Gallon







I Sands





Sand





1.2





.42







Loamy Sand





.9





.56







II Coarse loams





Sandy Loam





.7





.72







III Fine loams (with suitable structure)





Sandy Clay Loam





 





 







Silt Loam





 





 







Silt





.5





1.0







Clay Loam





 





 







Silty Clay Loam





 





 







Fine loams (with

provisionally-

suitable structure)





Sandy Clay Loam





 





 







Silt Loam





 





 







Silt





.37





1.35







Clay Loam





 





 







Silty Clay Loam





 





 







IV Clays

(Kaolinitic or mixed mineralogy with provisionally-suitable

structure)





Sandy Clay





 





 







Silty Clay





 





 







Clay





.27





1.85





 

      (5) Sizing of LPP

distribution lateral fields. LPP distribution lateral fields for on-site sewage

disposal systems shall be sized based upon the calculated total design daily

waste flow for the residence, commercial, or public facility involved, as

determined from Table 1. The total daily waste flow divided by the allowable

daily loading rate found in Table 4, for the specific site soil

characteristics, shall determine the minimum square footage of absorption area

required.



Table

4

Application

Rates for

Low

Pressure Pipe (LPP) Lateral Fields







Soil

Texture Group





Soil

Texture

Classes





Rate

Gal/

Sq.Ft./Day







I Sands





Sand





0.5







Loamy Sand





 







II Coarse Loams





Sandy Loam





0.4







Loam





 







III Fine Loams (with

suitable structure)





Sandy Clay Loam





 







Silt Loam





 







Silt





0.3







Clay Loam





 







Silty Clay Loam





 







Fine Loams (with

provisionally-suitable

structure)





Sandy Clay Loam





 







Silt Loam





 







Silt





 







Clay Loam





0.1714







Silty Clay Loam





 







IV Clays (Kaolinitic or

mixed mineralogy

with provisionally-

suitable structure)





Sandy Clay





 







Silty Clay





0.1







Clay





 







 

      (6) Sizing of

gravelless pipe systems. Gravelless pipe in eight (8) and ten (10) inch

internal diameter sizes, may be used in lieu of standard lateral trenches for

conventional and modified conventional lateral field applications. Linear

footage requirements listed in Table 3 shall apply to gravelless pipe.

Gravelless pipe shall not be permitted in Group IV textured soils.

      (7) Sizing of

gravity distribution lateral beds. If lateral beds are permitted in lieu of

standard two (2) foot wide lateral trenches, the required total length of

standard lateral trench shall be calculated from Tables 1 and 3 information.

That figure shall be multiplied by the percentage shown on Table 5, for the bed

width intended for use. The number of linear feet resulting shall be the amount

required for installation for that particular bed width.



Table

5

Lateral

Bed Length Requirements

for

Gravity Distribution Systems

Based

on Bed Width







 

Bed

Width





Multiply

Total Linear

Footage

of Two (2) Foot

Wide

Trench Required By:







3'





70%







4'





55%







5'





45%







6'





40%







7'





35%







8'





32%







9'





30%







10'





28%







11'





27%







12'

or wider





26%





 

      (8) Sizing of

leaching chamber systems. Leaching chamber systems may be used in lieu of

standard lateral trenches. Linear footage requirements for chambers shall be

based on nominal internal chamber width as follows:

      (a) In trench

configuration - for nominal widths of fifteen (15) to twenty-one (21) inches,

100 percent of Table 3; twenty-two (22) to twenty-seven (27) inches, seventy

(70) percent of Table 3; twenty-eight (28) to thirty (30) inches, sixty (60)

percent of Table 3; thirty-one (31) to thirty-six (36) inches, fifty-five (55)

percent of Table 3; thirty-seven (37) to forty-one (41) inches, fifty (50)

percent of Table 3; forty-two (42) to forty-four (44) inches, forty-five (45)

percent of Table 3 required linear footage.

      (b) In bed

configuration - for chamber widths eighty-five (85) percent of Table 5 linear

footage requirements based on total bed width to nearest foot.

      (c) Other chamber

designs including those with nominal widths outside the ranges listed in

paragraph (a) of this subsection shall be sized on a case-by-case basis.

      (9) Sizing of

gravity distribution alternate lateral fields or beds. If alternate gravity

distribution lateral fields or beds are used, the individual alternate lateral

fields or beds shall each contain one-half (1/2) of the total linear footage

required for the system, and shall be alternated in use on a yearly basis by

use of an approved alternating valve or device.

      (10) Sizing of dosed

gravity distribution automatic alternating lateral fields or beds. If dosed

automatic alternating lateral fields or beds are used, the individual

alternating lateral fields or beds shall each contain one-half (1/2) of the

total linear footage required for the system. Dosed automatic alternating

lateral field or bed systems shall be designed and operated so as to alternate

between lateral fields or beds with doses of effluent, by of two (2) or more dosing

siphons or pumps controlled by an automatic alternating device, or by simultaneous

dosing.

      (11) Sizing of

combination evaporation-absorption lagoon and lateral field systems. On sites

with Group IV soils where a conventional lateral field system or alternative

system cannot be installed due to heavy clay soils with poor or no structure

conditions, a combination evaporation-absorption lagoon and shallow lateral

field system may be considered for installation. Total daily waste flow shall

be determined by using Table 1, and the total square footage of lagoon waste

surface area shall be calculated by multiplying the total gallons of waste flow

per day by five (5) square feet per gallon. Effluent entering the lagoon shall

have passed through a properly sized pretreatment unit, according to the

provisions of Table 2 and subsection (3)(a) of this section. The overflow from

the lagoon shall be directed to an approved lateral field according to the

provisions of Section 4 of this administrative regulation. Lagoon overflow

lateral field size for two (2) foot wide gravel field trenches shall be

calculated by multiplying the total daily waste flow in gallons by .10 linear

feet per gallon.

      (12) Sizing of mound

systems. Mound systems shall be designed and sized based upon the information

and criteria given in the United States Environmental Protection Agency

publication EPA 625/1-80-012 "Design Manual, On-site Wastewater Treatment

and Disposal Systems," Chapter 7.2.4 on Mound Systems. All mound systems shall

use pressure distribution of effluent in the absorption area. Mound fill

material shall be coarse ASTM C-33 sand that meets the following criteria: less

than twenty (20) percent, by weight, greater than two (2) mm in diameter and

less than five (5) percent, by weight, less than 0.053 mm in diameter. The

design loading or filtration rate shall be one (1.0) gpd/sq.ft. for residential

septic tank effluent. The sand fill material shall not be included in the

measurement of the vertical separation distance between the absorption area and

a restrictive horizon, rock, or water table.

      (13) Sizing of subsurface flow

constructed wetlands systems. Constructed wetlands cells shall contain a

minimum of one and three-tenths (1.3) cubic feet of fill material for each one

(1) gallon of total daily waste flow. Total interior square footage shall be

based on one and three-tenths (1.3) cubic feet per one (1) gallon of total

daily design wasteflow; if twelve (12) inches of fill material is used, then

the square footage equals the cubic footage. The length to width ratio of the

cell shall range between three (3) to one (1) and five (5) to one (1) for

gravity flow. The length to width ratio for pressure distribution shall be

determined based on system size and available installation area. The overflow

lateral field footage shall be calculated by using fifty (50) percent of the

standard sizing for the chosen type of system; all approved lateral field types

shall be acceptable.

      (14) Sizing of

residential laundry waste systems. If improved system performance may be

attained by separating laundry greywater waste flows from other residential

waste flow for new system installations, or as repair for existing systems,

separation shall be accomplished in the following manner:

      (a) Greywater sewer

for the washing machine shall be separated from the main house sewer;

      (b) A residential laundry

greywater waste system shall be installed according to the results of the site

evaluation of the greywater installation area.

      (c) Sizing shall be calculated on fifteen

(15) percent of total daily waste flow multiplied by the linear feet per gallon

specified in Table 3 for a conventional two (2) foot wide trench.

      (d) On a new

system installation permitting laundry wasteflow separation:

      1. For Soil Groups I to III,

a fifteen (15) percent reduction in the primary system lateral field

requirement shall be allowed;

      2. For Soil Group IV, a

system size reduction shall not be allowed.

      (15) The cabinet shall size

an experimental or alternative system not covered by this administrative

regulation, based upon:

      (a) Site characteristics;

      (b) Effluent characteristics;

      (c) Pretreatment processes;

      (d) Technology used; and

      (e) Other demonstrable factors.

      (16) Sizing of

dosing tanks. Dosing tanks shall be of sufficient capacity to hold two (2)

times the total design daily waste flow calculated from Table 1.

      (17) Use of holding

tanks.

      (a) A holding tank

shall be permitted only under the following conditions:

      1. Written official

verification is submitted to the cabinet that a municipal sewer system will be

available within a two (2) year period;

      2. A commercial or

public facility has a daily wasteflow of less than 200 gallons per day;

      3. During a one (1)

year waiting period for soil to settle in an area that has been filled with

topsoil, in accordance with Section 7(5) of this administrative regulation;

      4. To repair an

existing septic system if no other means of repair is available;

      5. To expand an existing

system for a single family residence if no other means of expanding the system

is available; or

      6. In accordance with Section 4(4)(b) of

this administrative regulation.

      (b) If a holding tank is permitted:

      1. Water closets with flush volume of one

and six-tenths (1.6) gallons or less shall be installed;

      2. An audible and visible alarm system

shall be installed:

      a. Within the structure served; or

      b. In a high pedestrian traffic area,

within sight of the structure served;

      3. The applicant shall submit with the

permit application a copy of a contract with a licensed septic tank cleaning

company, or other management entity, for servicing the holding tank, and shall

thereafter maintain servicing records available for cabinet inspection; and

      4. The local health department may

require the owner to post a cash performance bond.

      (18) Sizing of holding tanks. Holding

tanks shall be sized as follows:

      (a) Holding tanks installed to repair an

existing system, or as an addition to a new system, or added to expand an

existing system, shall be sized the same as the required pretreatment unit.

      (b) All other holding tanks shall be

sized to hold a minimum seven (7) days wasteflow for the structure served.

 

      Section 7. System

Installation Standards. (1) System layout standards.

      (a) A system shall

be designed, laid out, and installed in the designated area set aside during

the site evaluation. Installation of the system in any other area is prohibited

without the written consent of the local health department certified inspector.

If the

markers used to designate the system area cannot be identified, the certified inspector

or professional engineer who conducted the site evaluation shall revisit the

property to reestablish the original designated area and confirm that it has

not been altered.

      (b) Layout of the

system on the site by the certified installer shall be accomplished by using

suitable stakes or markers to locate excavation sites for system components,

and shooting of surface grades to establish necessary excavation depths to

assure proper elevation "fall" in the system. Lateral trenches or

beds shall be laid out to follow parallel to the surface contour lines of the

site.

      (c) Maximum length

for individual lateral trenches or beds for gravity distribution systems shall

be no more than 200 feet. Maximum length for individual lateral trenches in LPP

systems shall be seventy (70) feet.

      (d) Individual lateral lines

or beds receiving effluent from an equal flow distribution box shall be of

equivalent size within ten (10) percent of the longest line or bed.

      (e)

Lateral trenches, and leaching chambers two (2) feet wide or less, for gravity

distribution systems shall be spaced a minimum of eight (8) feet on centers.

Lateral trenches for LPP systems shall be spaced a minimum of five (5) feet on

centers. Lateral beds, and leaching chambers greater than two (2) feet wide,

for gravity distribution systems shall be spaced a minimum of eight (8) feet

from side wall to side wall. Spacing shall be increased two (2) feet on all

sites with slopes greater than fifteen (15) percent and up to and including

twenty (20) percent. On slopes greater than twenty (20) percent, each five (5)

percent increase in slope, or fraction thereof, shall require an additional

spacing of two (2) feet for lateral trenches.

      (f) Lateral line

spacing in gravity distribution bed systems shall be as follows:

      1. For beds of four

(4) to six (6) feet in width, one (1) lateral line placed on the centerline of

the bed;

      2. For beds of seven

(7) to ten (10) feet in width, two (2) lateral lines, spaced two and one-half

(2 1/2) feet from the side walls;

      3. For beds eleven

(11) feet and wider, the two (2) laterals spaced two and one-half (2 1/2) feet

from the side walls, and additional lateral lines installed five (5) feet on

centers, or fraction thereof, from the side wall laterals.

      (2) Excavation

standards.

      (a) Only equipment

necessary to the installation of an on-site sewage disposal system shall be

permitted in the designated area set aside for that system. Equipment shall be

operated so as to minimize travel over, and compaction of, the system area.

      (b) Excavation of

the lateral field, bed or other subsurface soil absorption system portion of

the total system area shall be restricted by the soil moisture conditions of

that portion of the area at the intended depth of excavation for all soil

texture classes. Soil moisture conditions shall be determined by test

excavation to the intended depth of the lateral trenches or beds. A small

portion of soil excavated from that depth shall be rolled between the thumb and

fingers. If the soil can be rolled into a "wire" shaped form which

does not easily crumble, the soil is too wet to work and will compact and seal

absorption surfaces. If a "wire" form cannot be rolled and the soil

crumbles, excavation can proceed.

      (c) Excavation for septic

tanks or other pretreatment units, distribution boxes, alternating valves or

devices, and all nonperforated piping used to conduct effluent to other

components through gravity flow means, shall be done only after shooting of

grades to assure a positive gradient from the outlet of the pretreatment unit

through all components to the distribution box(es) or device(s). Such determinations

of grade shall take into account the intended excavation depth from grade of

lateral trenches or beds.

      (d) Excavations for

placement of all components shall be made to the necessary depth for

installation and shall be dug level in undisturbed earth. If filling is

required to level or raise components to the proper grade, except for lateral

trenches or beds, tamped gravel, sand, or compacted soil shall be used for

bedding purposes. When installation occurs in stony areas, large stones,

flagstones, and boulders, shall be removed from the component placement

excavations to prevent component damage, and the cavities created by their

removal shall be filled with tamped gravel, sand, or compacted soil if they are

located on the bottom surface of the excavation.

      (e) Excavations for

lateral trenches or beds shall be made to the depth specified by the site

evaluation results. Maximum trench or bed depth from grade for an on-site

sewage treatment and dispersal system shall be twenty-four (24) inches. Minimum

trench or bed depth for modified gravity and dosed gravity distribution systems

shall be six (6) inches from grade. Minimum trench depth for LPP systems shall

be six (6) inches from grade. Trench width for LPP systems shall be a minimum

of twelve (12) inches. Minimum trench width for gravelless pipe shall be

eighteen (18) inches to a maximum of twenty-four (24) inches. Minimum or

maximum trench width shall be as per manufacturer's specifications for leaching

chambers; but in no instance shall the trench width exceed the chamber width by

more than eight (8) inches.

      (f) Lateral trench

and bed bottom grades shall be as shown in Table 6:



Table

6

Maximum

Grades for Trench and Bed Bottoms







Distribution

Method





Type





Maximum

Grade

inches/200

feet







Hillside or drop box

(also serial distribution)





Trench





2"







Equal Flow Box





Trench





4"







Bed





Level to 1" in all

directions from center







Gravelless Pipe





Trench





Level







Low Pressure Pipe





Trench





Level







Bed (Mound)





Level







Leaching Chambers (using

any of the above methods except low pressure)

(using low pressure

pipe)





Trench layout





4"







Bed Layout





Level







Trench





Level







 

      (g) Excavations for

curtain drains, or vertical drains to intercept or lower groundwater tables

shall be made to the depth determined by the site evaluation. Curtain drain

excavations shall maintain the required depth in all parts upgrade from the

lowest lateral line and then be graded to drain to the surface or to a pumped

catchment basin. Vertical drain excavations shall encircle the entire soil absorption

field area. Pretreatment units may be included within the curtain drained or

vertical drained area.

      (h) Excavations for

distribution leaders, or nonperforated pipe, from a distribution box on gravity

distribution systems, shall be made so as to provide a "benched"

distribution corridor above the trench or bed bottom. This "benched"

corridor shall be bedded in undisturbed earth, and shall be excavated so as to

provide a "bench" height of six (6) inches above the elevations of

the trench or bed bottoms. Benching of the distribution corridor shall be used

to reduce the possibility of "short circuiting" of effluent and

effluent ponding around distribution boxes.

      (i) Excavation of

evaporation/absorption lagoons shall be made to provide uniformly-level lagoon

bottoms and to provide a wastewater depth below the overflow outlet of four and

one-half (4 1/2) feet, and a freeboard of two (2) feet. Containment berming,

dikes, dams, and liners shall be of Group IV soil texture and installed so as

to provide a minimum of eighteen (18) inch separation from the inside wall and

bottom of the lagoon to rock and shall be "keyed" into the original

soil at least one (1) foot deep and two (2) feet wide at the base. Berms, dikes

or dams shall be constructed on a two (2) feet vertical to one (1) foot

horizontal slope. To

prevent entrance by unauthorized persons, a lagoon shall be enclosed within a

minimum six (6) foot high chain-link fence or equivalent open weave designed

fence with a locked gate.

      (j) Constructed wetlands cell bottoms

shall be excavated uniformly level and prepared so that no coarse materials are

exposed. Soil berming used for constructed wetlands shall be constructed so

that the berming is stable and soil sloughing does not occur. The outside walls

shall have a slope of one (1) foot vertical to three (3) feet horizontal. The

inside walls shall have a minimum slope of one (1) foot vertical to two (2)

feet horizontal. Vegetation shall be established on berming as soon as

possible.

      (3) Component

installation standards.

      (a) Septic tanks and

other pretreatment units, dosing tanks and holding tanks shall be installed

level. Connections to the unit which conduct sewage or effluent, and unit

joints or seams, shall be watertight. Manufacturer's instructions on

installation and piping and electrical connections to the unit, shall be

followed by the installer. A unit showing structural damage on delivery, or

damaged in placement shall be replaced with an undamaged unit. Patching of

minor damage which does not affect the structural integrity, watertightness, or

function of the unit may be permitted under the supervision of the certified inspector.

      (b) The certified

installer shall provide access to finished grade above the outlet end manhole

on each septic tank, through the use of suitable manhole risers of a minimum

eighteen (18) inches internal dimension to allow removal of the tank manhole

lid. The manhole risers shall be provided with tamper-resistant lids or covers.

Lids or covers of precast concrete, cast iron or steel shall be considered

tamper-resistant if weighing sixty (60) pounds or more and require a vertical

lift for removal. Lids or covers of sheet metal, plastic or fiberglass shall be

attached by bolts or other suitable fastener requiring a tool for removal.

      (c) An approved

distribution device shall be used in a gravity flow system.

      (d) Distribution

boxes, and alternating valves or devices, shall be installed level, and each

piping connection shall be rendered watertight. A component showing structural

damage on delivery, or damaged in placement shall be replaced with an undamaged

component.

      (e) An equal flow

distribution box shall be installed on a stable base to prevent settling. A

plastic or fiberglass equal flow or level box shall be securely anchored to a

poured concrete base a minimum of four (4) inches thick and extending on all

sides of the box side walls at least four (4) inches.

      (f) Outlet piping of

an equal flow box shall be extended past the inside side wall of the box at

least three-fourths (3/4) of an inch but no greater than one (1) inch to allow

attachment of water leveling devices.

      (g) Approved

nonperforated pipe shall be used as leader piping to connect an outlet in a

distribution box to each perforated lateral line in the gravity distribution

system, and shall extend two (2) feet into all trenches or beds before

connection to perforated lateral line. The leader piping excavation shall be

manually filled with tightly-tamped soil.

      (h) Leader piping

connected to equal flow boxes shall be installed at no greater than one-eighth

(1/8) inch per foot slope for the first five (5) feet of run from the box to

restrict the flow velocity of effluent.

      (i) Lateral lines

for conventional gravity distribution trenches or beds shall be laid as

follows:

      1. A six (6) inch

deep layer of approved trench rock or other fill material is carefully placed

in the trench or bed to prevent sealing of absorption surfaces from fill

impact, and leveled;

      2. Lateral piping is

placed and leveled on the trench fill material in the center of the trench (or

properly spaced in beds), and retained in place to prevent movement, while

additional trench fill material is added to a point two (2) inches above the

top of the top of the lateral piping, for a total of twelve (12) inches of

trench fill material;

      3. Other methods of

lateral piping and trench rock placement may be approved by the cabinet upon

demonstration of equivalent compliance.

      4. A four (4) inch

layer of approved barrier material, whole straw, or a single layer of synthetic

filter fabric, is then placed over the trench fill material to prevent entry of

backfill soil fines.

      (j) Lateral lines

for LPP systems shall be laid as follows:

      1. At the beginning

of each trench and at twenty (20) foot intervals thereafter, barrier walls of

undisturbed earth or compacted earthfill at least one (1) foot thick shall be

placed from sidewall to sidewall of the trench to the level at which lateral

piping is to be installed;

      2. Six (6) inches of

pea gravel or approved alternate trench rock shall be placed in the trench and

leveled;

      3. Lateral piping

shall be laid in place and assembled, or may be preassembled, and leveled;

      4. Trench earth

barrier walls shall be completed to ground surface and additional pea gravel or

other trench fill material carefully placed over the laterals to a height of

two (2) inches over the top of the piping;

      5. Other methods of

lateral piping and trench rock or pea gravel placement shall be approved by the

cabinet upon demonstration of equivalent compliance.

      6. A two (2) inch

layer of approved barrier material, whole straw, or a single layer of synthetic

filter fabric shall be placed over the pea gravel to prevent entry of backfill

soil fines.

      (k) Lateral lines

for gravelless pipe systems shall be installed as follows:

      1. Remove plastic

shipping and storage bags from pipe; do not remove filter wrap.

      2. Lay out

gravelless pipe with top stripe UP. Roll filter wrap back from ends of each

section of pipe to allow proper connection of pipe sections and/or reducer

connectors or end caps.

      3. Join pipe

sections together with approved connectors, making sure top stripes are in

direct alignment on both sections to be joined. Tape joint with plastic tape

supplied by pipe manufacturer to seal joint. Pull filter wrap ends back over

joint and tape them together.

4. Fit offset reducer

connectors, of size four (4) by eight (8) inches or four (4) by ten (10)

inches, to inlet ends of joined pipe sections and locate four (4) inch inlet at

top of pipe in alignment with top strips; tape joints to seal. Leave filter

wrap loose at this time.

      5. Fit end caps on

other end of joined pipe sections, seal joints with tape, pull filter wrap over

end joint and tape in place.

      6. Lay joined

lateral pipe sections into trenches with top stripe directly UP. Connect solid

smooth wall header piping from distribution box outlets to four (4) inch inlet

on offset reducer connector, inserting header pipe four (4) inches into

connector, and seal joint with tape. Pull filter wrap over end of reducer cap

and around four (4) inches header piping and tape in place.

      (l) Center and support each

pipe section with handfilled soil. Installation of constructed wetland

components shall be as follows:

      1. Cell framing shall be structurally

supported by spiking, mortaring, bolting, or other approved means.

      2. A liner shall be installed in each

cell and shall be watertight after installation.

      3. A manufactured liner shall be

installed to conform to the shape of the cell, and wrinkles smoothed prior to

the placement of fill material. The certified installer shall inspect the

installed liner for holes or cuts. If the liner requires perforation to allow

piping to pass through, the liner shall be watertight after the piping is

installed. A liner shall be protected from sunlight before and after installation.

      4. A clay liner may be installed in a

second cell application for residential use only if naturally-occurring Group

IV textured soil is present. The berming of the clay liner shall be keyed into

the original soil by six (6) to twelve (12) inches. The clay liner shall be compacted.

      5. Cell fill material shall be installed

level, at a uniform depth ranging between twelve (12) and eighteen (18) inches,

based on the plant species selected.

      6. The cell shall be constructed to

provide a water depth equal to the cell fill material depth.

      7. Two (2) inches of approved cover

material shall be placed over the cell fill material.

      8. Inlet and outlet headers shall be

located at the bottom, center, or top of the fill material.

      9. Inlet and outlet headers shall be

located within one (1) foot from the cell end walls for gravity flow.

      10. Inlet headers shall be located within

three (3) feet from the cell end walls for pressure distribution.

      11. If a header is located at an

elevation that may cause siphoning of the effluent from a cell, approved

antisiphon methods shall be used.

      12. If perforated horizontal header

piping is used, the header pipe shall be installed level with the holes located

one (1) inch from the pipe bottom at the same elevation.

      13. If perforated horizontal inlet header

piping is used, access to cover material grade shall be provided for clean out.

      14. Each header shall be covered with two

(2) to four (4) inches of approved cover material.

      15. Water level control devices may be

installed at the ends of the cells; the design of these devices shall comply

with the construction standards of 902 KAR 10:081.

      16. At least two (2) access ports of at

least four (4) inch diameter pipe shall be installed in each cell. At least one

(1) access port shall be located one-third (1/3) of the distance from the inlet

end wall to outlet end wall. At least one (1) access port shall be located

within six (6) inches of the outlet header. If water level control devices are

not used, at least one (1) of the access ports in each cell shall be at least

six (6) inches in diameter. Access ports shall have holes located at the same

depth as the cell fill material to allow the effluent to enter the access port.

Access ports shall be equipped with removable lids or caps.

      17. Plants shall be installed and spaced

as required for the specific plant species. The permit holder shall be

responsible for the installation of suitable wetland plants with hydrophilic

plants preferred.

      18. The overflow lateral field shall be

installed as required for lateral trenches, beds, and components. Required

vertical separation distances between overflow lateral trench or bed bottoms

and any restrictive horizon, water table, or bedrock, as determined by the site

evaluation results, shall be maintained.

      (m) Leaching

chambers shall be installed according to manufacturer's specification unless the

specifications are less restrictive or conflict with these administrative

regulations, in which case the administrative regulations shall take

precedence, except that reduced backfill cover, of six (6) inches or more, over

the leaching chamber may be permitted.

      (n) Effluent piping

to an evaporation/absorption lagoon and overflow piping to the lateral field

system shall be installed as follows:

      1. Nonperforated

gravity flow or pressurized piping shall be laid in an excavated trench into

the lagoon and anchored to a poured concrete, three (3) foot square, four (4)

inch thick apron. The inlet shall be a tee laid on its side.

      2. For overflow

piping, the overflow shall be located at the point within the lagoon farthest

from the inlet apron. The upper leg of the tee shall be screened and the lower

leg extended downward to within three and one-half (3 1/2) feet of the lagoon

bottom.

      3. Submerged piping

into and out of a lagoon shall be provided with suitable water stops or leak

collars with a minimum extension of twelve (12) inches on all sides of the

pipe.

      (4) Curtain and

vertical drain installation standards.

      (a) Curtain and

vertical drains shall be installed as follows:

      1. After excavation

and grading of drain trenches to the required depth, slotted plastic drainage

pipe with slots around the entire pipe circumference shall be laid in the

trench. The pipe shall be bedded in two (2) to four (4) inches of leveled

trench rock fill material.

      2. After bedding and

grading the pipe to drain, approved trench rock fill material, for trenches

twelve (12) inches or wider, or pea gravel, for trenches narrower than twelve

(12) inches, shall be added to the trench to a point four (4) inches below

grade.

      3. Barrier material

approved for use in lateral trenches shall be placed over the drain trench fill

material.

      (b) Vertical drains

may be used if more permeable soil horizons exist below a restrictive horizon,

and shall be installed as follows:

      1. After excavation

to the required depth the trenches shall be filled with crushed rock or pea

gravel as in curtain drains, to the points listed in paragraph (a)2 of this

subsection, as applicable. Drainage piping shall be unnecessary in vertical

drains since drainage is encouraged downward through the restrictive horizon to

more permeable soils.

      2. Barrier material

approved for use in lateral trenches shall be placed over the drain trench fill

material.

      (5) Filling,

backfilling and finish grading standards.

      (a) On a site

requiring the placement of fill soil before an on-site sewage disposal system

can be installed, the following requirements shall apply:

      1. Surface

vegetation shall be removed and the original soil surface layer tilled to a

depth of two (2) inches prior to placement of fill.

      2. Soil fill

material shall meet or exceed the textural class characteristics of Soil Group

III outlined in Section 4(4)(a) of this administrative regulation and shall not

be obtained from a restrictive horizon.

      3. Soil fill

material shall be placed in the area to be filled by methods acceptable to the

cabinet, to prevent stratification and unnecessary compaction.

      4. Soil fill shall

be:

      a. Protected by

establishing a fast growing ground cover;

      b. Allowed to settle

for a period of one (1) year; and

      c. Reevaluated prior

to system installation.

      5. Depth of soil

fill required shall be determined by the site evaluation, based upon minimum

separation distances between lateral trench bottoms and restrictive horizons,

bedrock, or water tables.

      (b) Backfilling

around and over septic tanks and other pretreatment units, dosing tanks,

holding tanks, distribution boxes, LPP manifolds, alternating valves and

devices, and nonperforated effluent piping and distribution leader piping,

shall be accomplished by filling and tamping by layers. During filling and

tamping, care shall be taken to prevent shifting, tilting, misalignment or

damage to system components, watertight joints, seams, or connections. The

location of each component shall be clearly marked by staking or flagging after

backfilling and prior to final grading.

      (c) If

manufacturer's installation instructions require specific backfilling

procedures to protect component warranties, prevent damage, or prevent

flotation of the component due to ground water pressure, those procedures shall

be followed. Soil for backfilling gravelless pipe trenches shall be loose and

friable. Soil aggregates, clods or clumps, used for backfill in contact with

pipe and filter wrap, shall be no larger than one-half (1/2) inch in any

dimension large clods or clumps of soil for backfill shall not be used. If soil

excavated from trenches will not meet this criteria, suitable backfill soil

shall be obtained elsewhere.

      (d) Backfilling of

lateral trenches or drainage trenches shall be accomplished with minimal

compaction of soil fill, and soil fill material shall be left mounded four (4)

to six (6) inches above grade over trenches to allow for settling. Backfilling

over lateral beds shall be accomplished through the use of lightweight wheeled

or crawler type tractors to minimize compaction, and soil fill material shall

be left mounded four (4) to six (6) inches above grade to allow for settling.

      (e) Backfilling

shall not be done until after the system has been inspected and approved to

that point of construction by a certified inspector.

      (f) On sites where

additional fill soil is required over the lateral field due to shallow depth of

installation, the following procedures shall apply:

      1. The requirements

of paragraph (a)1 through 3 of this subsection;

      2. Fill shall be extended

on all sides of the lateral field to a minimum distance of ten (10) feet,

except on sloping sites where the fill on each end of the system shall expand

outward to a minimum of fifteen (15) feet at the lowest point downslope, and

the fill at the downslope side of the system shall be increased to a minimum of

fifteen (15) feet beyond the system;

      3. Minimum depth of

fill shall be as required by the site evaluation, but not less than ten (10)

inches of settled soil over the trench rock fill material, or top of the

gravelless pipe (for leaching chambers six (6) inches minimum) and that depth

shall extend over the entire lateral field to a point at least two (2) feet

beyond the sidewall of any trench, bed or chamber, at which point the remainder

of the fill may be tapered to original grade out to the minimum distances

specified in subparagraph 2 of this paragraph.

      (g) Finish grading

over the on-site sewage system shall be performed to minimize compaction

through the use of lightweight equipment. Grading shall be restricted to work

necessary to provide positive surface drainage away from the system, especially

the lateral field. Final grading over staked or flagged system components shall

be accomplished manually, or with lightweight equipment, using extreme care to

prevent damage to or misalignment of components.

      (h) Finish grading

work which removes soil from the system area, or which results in that area

being used to dispose of excess soil graded from other areas on the site, shall

be prohibited.

      (i) Finish grading

on other areas of the site shall be done in such a manner as to divert surface

water run-off from driveways, patios, downspouts, slopes, ditches, gullies,

etc., away from the area where the system is installed. If site conditions are

such that normal grading procedures cannot divert the run-off, diversion

ditches, swales, berms, or other diversion drainage means shall be constructed

to divert run-off away from the system.

 

      Section 8. System

Setback Restrictions. (1) Minimum setback distances for installation of on-site

sewage disposal systems from structures, water supplies, roads, streams, bodies

of water, and other structural or topographic features are listed in Table 7:



Table

7

Minimum

Setback Distances

for

On-site Sewage Disposal Systems







Structure

or Topographic Feature





Minimum

Distance (Ft.) from Pretreatment Unit Constructed Wetland Cell, or Holding

Tank





Minimum

Distance (Ft.) from Side wall of Lateral Trench, Bed, or Lagoon







Property lines





5





5

(50 for lagoons)







Building foundations





10





10







Basements





20





20







Basements (Downslope

from system)





20





30

(5-15% Slope)

40

(15-25% Slope)

50

(25% and Higher)







Wells





50





70







Wells (Properly

plugged/abandoned)





20





20







Cisterns





50





70







Cisterns (Upslope from

system with bottom at higher elevation than system)





10





10







Natural Lakes or

Impoundments (Shoreline)





25





50







Streams





25





25







Springs (Upslope from

system)





25





50







(Upslope with curtain

interceptor drain)





10





20







(Downslope from system)





50





70







Drainage Ditches,

Cutbanks (Downslope)





10





25







Curtain or vertical

drain (Upslope and Sides)

(Downslope)





10

25





10







Sinkhole Throat (Open)





70





70







Buried Water Lines or

Utility Lines





10





10







Utility Easements





10





10







Driveways, parking lots,

or paved areas





10





5







Geothermal Vertical





50





70







Geothermal Horizontal

(Downslope)





10





10

(upslope and sides)

25







Inground swimming pools





10





20







Mine Openings and Air

Shafts





50





70







Livestock pens, feed

lots, corrals, etc.





10





10





 



      (2) Lagoon setback

distances shall be measured from the inside berm wall at a point four and

one-half (4.5) feet vertically from the lagoon bottom.

 

      Section 9. System

Installation Inspection. (1) Every on-site sewage disposal system installed,

constructed, altered or repaired shall be inspected by a certified inspector.

      (2) The inspection

sequence performed shall be as follows:

      (a) The certified

installer shall complete an installer's affidavit for every system except a

subsurface flow constructed wetland system, recording all grade shot readings

of all excavation work, certifying by his signature that the work has been

performed in compliance with this administrative regulation. In lieu of the

installer's affidavit, the certified installer may request an initial

inspection be performed by a certified inspector. An initial inspection shall

consist of shooting of grades in all excavations to determine compliance with

this administrative regulation.

      (b) For subsurface flow

constructed wetland systems, an initial inspection shall be made by a certified

inspector to determine compliance with excavation standards.

      1. An installer’s affidavit in lieu of

the initial inspection shall not be accepted.

      2. The liner shall be in place in the

cell prior to the initial inspection unless special cell preparation is needed

prior to placement of the liner.

      3. All components and the overflow

lateral field shall be inspected.

      (c) The certified installer shall request

an installation inspection, to be scheduled and completed by a certified

inspector, before the system is backfilled.

To facilitate inspection of lateral fields and constructed wetland system

cells, the certified installer shall provide direct access to trench, bed, or

cell bottoms to allow accurate shooting of grade and elevation. Direct access

shall be provided through the use of ports, piping, or other methods acceptable

to the certified inspector, and at locations within the lateral field the

inspector deems necessary.

      (d) The installation

inspection shall consist of:

      1. Examination of

system components, including constructed wetland systems plants, as to type, size

or capacity, approved status, materials, and connections;

      2. Examination of

installation as to proper placement, proper grade or level;

      3. Conduct

"water leveling" method on equal flow distribution boxes;

      4. Testing of dosing

devices, low pressure systems and alarm systems;

      5. Shooting of

trench, bed, constructed wetland cell, or lagoon bottom grade and elevation;

      6. Examination of

installation of lateral lines, trench and constructed wetland cell fill

material depth, trench barrier material, constructed wetland cell cover

material depth and placement, and water depth; and

      7. Perform other

necessary examinations and checks to determine compliance with this

administrative regulation relative to all site and system modifications

required.

      (e) A constructed

wetland system shall not be approved before it is complete, including plant

installation.

      (f) An approved

system shall be backfilled in accordance with this administrative regulation.

      1. The certified

installer shall:

      a. Assure proper backfilling;

      b. After completion of backfilling,

perform or supervise finish grading; and

      c. Request a final inspection, if

additional fill soil is required after completion of finish grading.

      2. The owner shall, during subsequent

occupancy and system usage, protect the system from damage, disruption, or

unnecessary surface water drainage.

      (g) A system not

meeting approval shall be reconstructed as needed to meet compliance

requirements.

 

      Section 10.

Responsibilities. (1) The construction, operation, and maintenance of on-site

sewage disposal systems, whether conventional, modified, or alternative

systems, shall be the responsibility of the owner, developer, certified

installer, or user of the system as applicable in the circumstances.

      (2) Actions of the

cabinet and certified inspectors, engaged in the evaluation and determination

of measures required to effect compliance with the provisions of this

administrative regulation shall in no way be taken as a guarantee that on-site

sewage disposal systems approved and permitted will function in a satisfactory

manner for any given period of time, or that such agents or employees assume

any liability for damages, consequential or direct which are caused, or which

may be caused, by a malfunction of such systems.

 

      Section 11.

Prohibited Practices. The following practices shall be prohibited, and their

use shall result in immediate voiding of permits or site evaluations:

      (1) Use of

unapproved system components in lieu of replacement with approved components;

      (2) Except as provided

in Section 13 of this administrative regulation, use of seepage pits,

cesspools, and dry wells;

      (3) Use of

improperly constructed or designed systems, in lieu of redesign or

reconstruction;

      (4) Placement of

lateral field within less than twelve (12) inches of, or below, the upper

limits of a restrictive horizon or water table;

      (5) Placement of

lateral field within less than twelve (12) inches of, or into, bedrock.

      (6) Dynamiting,

ripping, or otherwise removing bedrock to install a lateral field;

      (7) Cutting,

filling, or otherwise altering the original grade or soil characteristics of

the area upon a site staked or flagged off for system installation, except if

the work is a requirement of this administrative regulation;

      (8) Allowing use of

the area staked or flagged off for system installation as a material or soil

stockpile, vehicle or heavy equipment parking area or roadway, or other

unauthorized use which may damage or alter the soil or site characteristics; or

      (9) Construction of

evapotranspiration lagoons in Group I, Group II, or Group III textured soil.

 

      Section 12.

Variances. (1) The owner of a site where an on-site sewage disposal system is

proposed to be installed may request, in writing, to the local board of health,

or its designated agent, a variance to specific portions of this administrative

regulation.

      (2) A written

request shall include:

      (a) Pertinent

information about the site;

      (b) The specific

portion of the administrative regulation requested for waiver;

      (c) The specific reasons

for the request; and

      (d) Documented

evidence justifying the granting of the variance.

      (3) A request shall

be acted upon by the local board of health, or its designated agent as soon as

practicable. A written decision, either denying the variance with reasons for

denial, or granting the variance with or without stipulations or restrictions,

shall be presented to the applicant within five (5) working days of the decision.

      (4) An applicant for a

variance may appear with counsel or expert professional witnesses, or both,

before the local board of health or its agent, for the purpose of presenting

the request or to appeal a decision.

      (5) If a hearing is

requested, the local board of health or its agent shall:

      (a) Set a time and date for the hearing, as

soon as practicable; and

      (b) Notify the applicant, in writing,

within five (5) working days of receipt of the request and at least two (2)

days prior to the date of hearing, of the time and date for the hearing.

      (6) A decision regarding a variance shall

be based upon evidence presented by:

      (a) The applicant;

      (b) The certified inspector for the site

in question; and

      (c) Expert professional witnesses.

      (7) A decision regarding a variance shall

be influenced by:

      (a) The requirements of the On-site Sewage

Systems Law, KRS 211.350 to 211.380, and related law; and

      (b) The presence or absence of reasonable

assurance, derived from evidence presented, that the granting of the variance

shall not result in the creation of:

      1. Groundwater contamination;

      2. Effluent surfacing;

      3. A public health hazard; or

      4. A public health nuisance.

      (8) A variance shall

not be granted for the following:

      (a) Waiver of site

evaluation or system inspection;

      (b) Reduction of

required system size if a modified or alternative system is able to provide an

equivalent system in the available area on the site;

      (c) If site or

system modification or an alternative system can overcome a site limitation;

      (d) A practice

prohibited by Section 11 of this administrative regulation.

      (9) A variance shall

be made a permanent record, and filed at the local health department in the

county where the site is located.

      (10) A variance request

shall be acted upon and a final decision made by the local board of health, or

its agent, prior to the issuance of a permit to install the proposed on-site

sewage disposal system.

 

      Section 13.

Exemption. (1) On-site sewage systems shall be governed by the provisions of

KRS 211.355(3) and this section.

      (2) The repair or

alteration of an on-site sewage treatment system shall be permitted if:

      (a) A municipal or

public sewage treatment system is not available; and

      (b) Repair or

alteration is required because of:

      1. Malfunction;

      2. Damage; or

      3. Upgrade.

      (3) In the repair or

alteration of an on-site sewage system utilizing a seepage pit, an owner shall

be permitted to:

      (a) Clean;

      (b) Service; and

      (c) Repair, alter,

reconstruct, or replace:

      1. Any system

component leading to a pit, such as pipes and septic tanks;

      2. Pit rings; or

      3. Any other

component repair which would not require the drilling of a new pit.

      (4) With regard to a

single-family dwelling only, if a municipal or public sewage treatment system

is not available, a seepage pit may be installed as an on-site sewage disposal

system in the development of a vacant lot, purchased on or before May 1, 1992,

if bona fide construction began by December 25, 1992. (11 Ky.R. 1556; eff.

5-14-85; Am. 15 Ky.R. 628; eff. 9-21-88; 18 Ky.R. 3239; 19 Ky.R. 53; eff.

6-24-92; 27 Ky.R. 2083; 2618; 29 Ky.R. 441; eff. 8-12-2002.)