22 USC Ch. 28: INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PARTICIPATION
From Title 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
CHAPTER 28—INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PARTICIPATION
Sec.
2021.
Agency appointments by President.
2022.
Purpose of participation; reports to Congress.
2023.
Actions and votes of representatives.
2024.
Authorization of appropriations for payment of expenses.
2025.
Effect of employment on retirement, insurance, and other civil service rights and privileges.
2026.
Termination of authority and participation in Agency.
2027.
Annual review by Secretary of State of programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency; United States opposition to certain programs and projects of the Agency.
§2021. Agency appointments by President
(a) Representative and deputy representative; terms; functions
The President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint a representative and a deputy representative of the United States to the International Atomic Energy Agency (referred to in this chapter as the "Agency"), who shall hold office at the pleasure of the President. Such representative and deputy representative shall represent the United States on the Board of Governors of the Agency, may represent the United States at the General Conference, and may serve ex officio as United States representative on any organ of that Agency, and shall perform such other functions in connection with the participation of the United States in the Agency as the President may from time to time direct. The Representative of the United States to the Vienna office of the United Nations shall also serve as representative of the United States to the Agency.
(b) Specified sessions
The President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, may appoint or designate from time to time to attend a specified session or specified sessions of the General Conference of the Agency a representative of the United States and such number of alternates as he may determine consistent with the rules of procedure of the General Conference.
(c) Designation of other persons
The President may also appoint or designate from time to time such other persons as he may deem necessary to represent the United States in the organs of the Agency. The President may designate any officer of the United States Government, whose appointment is subject to confirmation by the Senate, to act, without additional compensation, for temporary periods as the representative of the United States on the Board of Governors or to the General Conference of the Agency in the absence or disability of the representative and deputy representative appointed under subsection (a) or in lieu of such representatives in connection with a specified subject matter.
(d) Compensation; allowances and benefits
All persons appointed or designated in pursuance of authority contained in this section shall receive compensation at rates determined by the President upon the basis of duties to be performed but not in excess of rates authorized by sections 401, 402, and 403 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3961, 3962, and 3963] for chiefs of mission, members of the Senior Foreign Service, and Foreign Service officers occupying positions of equivalent importance, except that no Member of the Senate or House of Representatives or officer of the United States who is designated under subsection (b) or subsection (c) of this section as a delegate or representative of the United States or as an alternate to attend any specified session or specified sessions of the General Conference shall be entitled to receive such compensation. Any person who receives compensation pursuant to the provisions of this subsection may be granted allowances and benefits not to exceed those received under the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.] by chiefs of mission, members of the Senior Foreign Service, and Foreign Service officers occupying positions of equivalent importance.
(Pub. L. 85–177, §2, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 453; Pub. L. 96–465, title II, §2206(a)(7)(A), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2161; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(7) [div. A, title VII, §708(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A-462.)
References in Text
The Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 96–465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 52 (§3901 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3901 of this title and Tables.
Amendments
1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–113 inserted at end "The Representative of the United States to the Vienna office of the United Nations shall also serve as representative of the United States to the Agency."
1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–465 substituted "sections 401, 402, and 403 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 for chiefs of mission, members of the Senior Foreign Service," for "sections 866 and 867 of this title, for Chiefs of Mission" and "under the Foreign Service Act of 1980 by chiefs of mission, members of the Senior Foreign Service," for "by Chiefs of Mission".
Effective Date of 1999 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 106–113 applicable to individuals appointed on or after Nov. 29, 1999, see section 1000(a)(7) [div. A, title VII, §708(c)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 287 of this title.
Effective Date of 1980 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–465 effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
Short Title of 2002 Amendment
Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, §1341, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1451, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle D (§§1341–1345) of title XIII of div. B of Pub. L. 107–228, enacting section 2027 of this title, amending section 2227 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the 'Iran Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 2002'."
Short Title
Pub. L. 85–177, §1, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 453, provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter and amending section 2074 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the 'International Atomic Energy Agency Participation Act of 1957'."
Reporting Requirements
Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, §1344, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1452, required the Secretary of State to submit to Congress, beginning no later than 180 days after Sept. 30, 2002, and for five years thereafter, reports concerning assistance, nuclear materials and technology given by the International Atomic Energy Agency to Iran, Iranians in leadership positions at the Agency, the expected timeframe for the completion of the nuclear power reactors at the Bushehr nuclear power plant, and certain information on all programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency in each country described in section 2227(a) of the title.
Opposition to Certain Programs or Projects; Reporting Requirements
Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. B, title XXVIII, §2809(b), (c), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–850, provided that:
"(b) Opposition to Certain Programs or Projects.—The Secretary of State shall direct the United States representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency to oppose the following:
"(1) Technical assistance programs or projects of the Agency at the Juragua Nuclear Power Plant near Cienfuegos, Cuba, and at the Pedro Pi Nuclear Research Center.
"(2) Any other program or project of the Agency in Cuba that is, or could become, a threat to the security of the United States.
"(c) Reporting Requirements.—
"(1) Request for iaea reports.—The Secretary of State shall direct the United States representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency to request the Director-General of the Agency to submit to the United States all reports prepared with respect to all programs or projects of the Agency that are of concern to the United States, including the programs or projects described in subsection (b).
"(2) Annual reports to the congress.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 21, 1998], and on an annual basis thereafter, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the United States representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency, shall prepare and submit to the Congress a report containing a description of all programs or projects of the Agency in each country described in section 307(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2227(a))."
Privileges, Exemptions, and Immunities
Entitlement of Agency to privileges, exemptions, and immunities as an international organization, see note set out under section 288 of this title.
Termination of Authority Under This Section
Authority under this section to terminate if Senate refuses its advice and consent by a formal vote to an amendment to the Statute of the Agency, see section 2026 of this title.
§2022. Purpose of participation; reports to Congress
The participation of the United States in the International Atomic Energy Agency shall be consistent with and in furtherance of the purposes of the Agency set forth in its Statute and the policy concerning the development, use, and control of atomic energy set forth in the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended [42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.]. The President shall, from time to time as occasion may require, but not less than once each year, make reports to the Congress on the activities of the International Atomic Energy Agency and on the participation of the United States therein. In addition to any other requirements of law, the Department of State and the Atomic Energy Commission shall keep the Committees on Energy and Commerce and on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and on Foreign Relations of the Senate, as appropriate, currently informed with respect to the activities of the Agency and the participation of the United States therein.
(Pub. L. 85–177, §3, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 453; Pub. L. 103–437, §9(b), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588.)
Repeal of Reporting Requirement
Pub. L. 89–348, §1(20), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1311, repealed provisions of this section which directed President to report to Congress not less than once each year on activities of International Atomic Energy Agency and on participation of United States therein.
References in Text
Statute, referred to in text, is the "Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency".
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, referred to in text, is act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, as added by act Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, §1, 68 Stat. 919, which is classified principally to chapter 23 (§2011 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2011 of Title 42 and Tables.
Amendments
1994—Pub. L. 103–437 substituted "Committees on Energy and Commerce and on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and on Foreign Relations of the Senate" for "Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations".
Change of Name
Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives treated as referring to Committee on Commerce of House of Representatives by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 104–14, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 2, The Congress. Committee on Commerce of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives, and jurisdiction over matters relating to securities and exchanges and insurance generally transferred to Committee on Financial Services of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Seventh Congress, Jan. 3, 2001.
Transfer of Functions
Atomic Energy Commission abolished and functions transferred by sections 5814 and 5841 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. See, also, Transfer of Functions notes set out under those sections.
Termination of Authority Under This Section
Authority under this section to terminate if Senate refuses its advice and consent by a formal vote to an amendment to the Statute of the Agency, see section 2026 of this title.
§2023. Actions and votes of representatives
The representatives provided for in section 2021 of this title, when representing the United States in the organs of the Agency, shall, at all times, act in accordance with the instructions of the President, and such representatives shall, in accordance with such instructions, cast any and all votes under the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency.
(Pub. L. 85–177, §4, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 454.)
Termination of Authority Under This Section
Authority under this section to terminate if Senate refuses its advice and consent by a formal vote to an amendment to the Statute of the Agency, see section 2026 of this title.
§2024. Authorization of appropriations for payment of expenses
There is authorized to be appropriated annually to the Department of State, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary for the payment by the United States of its share of the expenses of the International Atomic Energy Agency as apportioned by the Agency in accordance with paragraph (D) of article XIV of the Statute of the Agency, and for all necessary salaries and expenses of the representatives provided for in section 2021 of this title and of their appropriate staffs, including personal services without regard to the civil service laws and chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5; travel expenses without regard to the Standardized Government Travel Regulations, as amended, subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, and section 5731 of title 5, as amended; salaries as authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.], or as authorized by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended [42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.], and expenses and allowances of personnel and dependents as authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980; services as authorized by section 3109 of title 5; translating and other services, by contract; hire of passenger motor vehicles and other local transportation; printing and binding without regard to section 501 of title 44; official functions and courtesies; such sums as may be necessary to defray the expenses of United States participation in the Preparatory Commission for the Agency, established pursuant to annex I of the Statute of the Agency; and such other expenses as may be authorized by the Secretary of State.
(Pub. L. 85–177, §5, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 454; Pub. L. 96–465, title II, §2206(a)(7)(B), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2161.)
References in Text
Paragraph (D) of article XIV of the Statute of the Agency, referred to in text, provides "The Board of Governors shall apportion the expenses referred to in subparagraph B–1 above, among members in accordance with a scale to be fixed by the General Conference. In fixing the scale the General Conference shall be guided by the principles adopted by the United Nations in assessing contributions of Member States to the regular budget of the United Nations".
The Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 52 (§3901 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3901 of this title and Tables.
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, referred to in text, is act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, as added by act Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, §1, 68 Stat. 919, which is classified principally to chapter 23 (§2011 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2011 of Title 42 and Tables.
Codification
"Chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5", "subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5", "section 5731 of title 5", and "section 3109 of title 5" substituted in text for "the Classification Act of 1949, as amended", "the Travel Expense Act of 1949, as amended", "section 10 of the Act of March 3, 1933, as amended [5 U.S.C. 73b]", and "section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a)", respectively, on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, §7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
"Section 501 of title 44" substituted in text for "section II of the Act of March 1, 1919 (44 U.S.C. 111)" on authority of Pub. L. 90–620, §2(b), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1305, the first section of which enacted Title 44, Public Printing and Documents.
Amendments
1980—Pub. L. 96–465 substituted references to the Foreign Service Act of 1980 for references to the Foreign Service Act of 1946.
Effective Date of 1980 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–465 effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3901 of this title.
Termination of Authority Under This Section
Authority under this section to terminate if Senate refuses its advice and consent by a formal vote to an amendment to the Statute of the Agency, see section 2026 of this title.
§2025. Effect of employment on retirement, insurance, and other civil service rights and privileges
(a) Federal employees
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, Executive order or regulation, a Federal employee who, with the approval of the Federal agency or the head of the department by which he is employed, leaves his position to enter the employ of the Agency shall not be considered for the purposes of subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5, and chapter 87 of title 5, as separated from his Federal position during such employment with the Agency but not to extend beyond the first three consecutive years of his entering the employ of the Agency: Provided, (1) That he shall pay to the Director of the Office of Personnel Management within ninety days from the date he is separated without prejudice from the Agency all necessary deductions and agency contributions for coverage under subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5 for the period of his employment by the Agency, and (2) That all deductions and agency contributions necessary for continued coverage under chapter 87 of title 5, shall be made during the term of his employment with the International Atomic Energy Agency. If such employee, within three years from the date of his employment with the Agency, and within ninety days from the date he is separated without prejudice from the Agency, applies to be restored to his Federal position, he shall within thirty days of such application be restored to such position or to a position of like seniority, status and pay.
(b) Presidential appointees or elected officers
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, Executive order or regulation, any Presidential appointee or elected officer who leaves his position to enter, or who within ninety days after the termination of his position enters, the employ of the Agency, shall be entitled to the coverage and benefits of subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5, and chapter 87 of title 5, but not beyond the earlier of either the termination of his employment with the Agency or the expiration of three years from the date he entered employment with the Agency: Provided, (1) That he shall pay to the Director of the Office of Personnel Management within ninety days from the date he is separated without prejudice from the Agency all necessary deductions and agency contributions for coverage under subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5 for the period of his employment by the Agency, and (2) That all deductions and agency contributions necessary for continued coverage under chapter 87 of title 5, shall be made during the term of his employment with the Agency.
(c) Regulations
The President is authorized to prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section and to protect the retirement, insurance and such other civil service rights and privileges as the President may find appropriate.
(Pub. L. 85–177, §6, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 454; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 2, §102, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 3783.)
Repeals
Section 7 of Pub. L. 85–795, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 962, provided that: "Section 6(a) of the International Atomic Energy Agency Participation Act of 1957 [subsec. (a) of this section], is repealed except that it shall be considered to remain in effect with respect to any employee subject thereto who is serving as an employee of the International Atomic Energy Agency on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 28, 1958] and who does not make the election referred to in section 6, and for the purposes of any rights and benefits vested thereunder prior to such date."
Section 7 of Pub. L. 85–795, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 962, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, §8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 660. See section 8 of Pub. L. 89–554, set out as a note preceding section 101 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Codification
In subsecs. (a) and (b), "subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5" substituted for "the Civil Service Retirement Act, as amended" and "the Civil Service Retirement Act" in each subsection and "chapter 87 of title 5" substituted for "the Federal Employees' Group Life Insurance Act of 1954, as amended" on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, §7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Transfer of Functions
"Director of the Office of Personnel Management" substituted for "Civil Service Commission" in subsecs. (a) and (b), pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1978, §102, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 3783, set out under section 1101 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which transferred all functions vested by statute in the United States Civil Service Commission to the Director of the Office of Personnel Management (except as otherwise specified), effective Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1–102 of Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055, set out under section 1101 of Title 5.
Executive Order No. 10774
Ex. Ord. No. 10774, July 25, 1958, 23 F.R. 5681, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055, which provided for protection of civil-service rights of Federal personnel who transfer to the International Atomic Energy Agency, was revoked in part by section 2 of Ex. Ord. No. 10804, Feb. 12, 1959, 24 F.R. 1147, and subsequently revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12553, Feb. 25, 1986, 51 F.R. 7237.
§2026. Termination of authority and participation in Agency
In the event of an amendment to the Statute of the Agency being adopted in accordance with article XVIII–C of the Statute to which the Senate by formal vote shall refuse its advice and consent, upon notification by the Senate to the President of such refusal to advise and consent, all further authority under section 1 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024 of this title, as amended, shall terminate: Provided, however, That the Secretary of State, under such regulations as the President shall promulgate, shall have the necessary authority to complete the prompt and orderly settlement of obligations and commitments to the Agency already incurred and pay salaries, allowances, travel expenses, and other expenses required for a prompt and orderly termination of United States participation in the Agency: And provided further, That the representative and the deputy representative of the United States to the Agency, and such other officers or employees representing the United States in the Agency, under such regulations as the President shall promulgate, shall retain their authority under this chapter for such time as may be necessary to complete the settlement of matters arising out of the United States participation in the Agency.
(Pub. L. 85–177, §8, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 455.)
References in Text
Article XVIII–C of the Statute, referred to in text, provides: "C. Amendments shall come into force for all members when: (i) Approved by the General Conference by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting after consideration of observations submitted by the Board of Governors on each proposed amendment, and (ii) Accepted by two-thirds of all the members in accordance with their respective constitutional processes. Acceptance by a member shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of acceptance with the depositary Government referred to in paragraph C of Article XXI.".
1 So in original. Probably should be "sections".
§2027. Annual review by Secretary of State of programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency; United States opposition to certain programs and projects of the Agency
(a) Annual review
(1) In general
The Secretary shall undertake a comprehensive annual review of all programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in the countries described in section 2227(a) of this title and shall determine if such programs and projects are consistent with United States nuclear nonproliferation and safety goals.
(2) Report
Not later than one year after September 30, 2002, and on an annual basis thereafter for five years, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report containing the results of the review under paragraph (1).
(b) Opposition to certain programs and projects of International Atomic Energy Agency
The Secretary shall direct the United States representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency to oppose programs of the Agency that are determined by the Secretary under the review conducted under subsection (a)(1) to be inconsistent with nuclear nonproliferation and safety goals of the United States.
(Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, §1343, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1452.)
Codification
Section was enacted as part of the Iran Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 2002, and also as part of the Security Assistance Act of 2002 and the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003, and not as part of the International Atomic Energy Agency Participation Act of 1957 which comprises this chapter.
Definitions
For definition of "Secretary" as used in this section, see section 3 of Pub. L. 107–228, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.
