401 KAR 59:210. New
fabric, vinyl and paper surface coating operations.
RELATES TO: KRS
224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 60 Appendix A (Method 24), 42
U.S.C. 7401 et seq., 7407, 7408, 7410
STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
KRS 224.10-100
NECESSITY, FUNCTION,
AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 requires the Environmental and Public Protection
Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the prevention, abatement,
and control of air pollution. 42 USC 7410 likewise requires the state to
implement standards for national primary and secondary ambient air quality.
This administrative regulation provides for the control of volatile organic
compound emissions from new fabric, vinyl or paper surface coating operations.
Section 1.
Definitions. As used in this administrative regulation, all terms not defined
in this section shall have the meaning given to them in 401 KAR 59:001.
(1) "Affected
facility" means a coating line for fabric, vinyl, or paper.
(2)
"Applicator" means the mechanism or device used to apply the coating
including, but not limited to, roll, knife, or rotogravure coater.
(3) "Flash-off
area" means the space between the applicator and the oven.
(4) "Coating
line" means a series of equipment or operations used to apply, dry, or
cure any coatings containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This shall
include, but is not limited to:
(a) Mixing
operations;
(b) Process storage;
(c) Applicators;
(d) Drying
operations including, but not limited to, flash-off area evaporation, oven
drying, baking, curing, and polymerization;
(e) Clean up
operations;
(f) Leaks, spills,
and disposal of VOCs;
(g) Processing and
handling of recovered VOCs;
(h) To determine
compliance with this administrative regulation, if any equipment or operation
is considered to be a part of more than one (1) coating line, its VOC emissions
shall be assigned to each coating line of which it is a part proportionally to
the throughput of VOCs it receives from or distributes to each coating line;
(i) If any portion
of the series of equipment or operations qualifies for an exemption according
to Section 6 of this administrative regulation, then that portion shall be
considered to be a separate coating line.
(j) An affected
facility which is capable of performing both paper coating and paper printing
shall be considered as performing a paper printing operation subject to 401 KAR
59:212.
(5) "Process
storage" means mixing tanks, holding tanks, and other tanks, drums, or
other containers which contain surface coatings, VOCs, or recovered VOCs, but
does not mean storage tanks of petroleum liquids which are subject to 401 KAR
59:050, 401 KAR 59:052, or 401 KAR 61:050.
(6) "Fabric
coating" means the coating or saturation of a textile substrate to impart
properties that are not initially present, such as strength, stability, water
or acid repellency, functionality, or appearance.
(7) "Vinyl
coating" means the coating of vinyl coated fabric or vinyl sheets, which
includes decorative, functional, or protective topcoats or printing.
(8) "Paper
coating" means saturation or the application of a uniform layer of
material across the entire width of a web of paper, pressure sensitive tapes
regardless of substrate, related web coating processes on plastic film such as
typewriter ribbons, photographic film, magnetic tape, functional films, and
decorative coatings on metal foil such as gift wrap and packaging, but does not
include the printing of paper.
(9) "Knife
coating" means the application of a coating material to a substrate by
means of drawing the substrate beneath a knife that spreads the coating evenly
over the full width of the substrate.
(10) "Roll
coating" means the application of a coating material to a substrate by
means of hard rubber or steel rolls.
(11)
"Rotogravure coating" means the application of a uniform layer of
material across a substrate by means of a roll coating technique in which the
entire coating roll is uniformly etched with recessed cells and no pattern or
design is present. The coating material is picked up in these recessed cells
and is transferred to the substrate.
(12)
"Classification date" means June 29, 1979.
(13) "VOCs net
input" means the total amount of VOCs input to the affected facility minus
the amount of VOCs that are not emitted into the atmosphere. VOCs that are
prevented from being emitted to the atmosphere by the use of control devices
shall not be subtracted from the total for the purposes of determining VOCs net
input. If the nature of any operation or design of equipment permits more than
one (1) interpretation of this definition, the interpretation that results in
the minimum value for allowable emission shall apply.
(14)
"Printing" means the formation of words, designs, and pictures, usually
by a series of application rolls, each with only partial coverage. It shall
apply to flexographic and rotogravure processes as applied to publication,
specialty, and packaging printing as defined in 401 KAR 59:212.
Section 2.
Applicability. (1) This administrative regulation shall apply to:
(a) Each affected
facility commenced on or after the classification date defined in Section 1 of
this administrative regulation and located in a county or portion of a county
designated as nonattainment for ozone in 401 KAR 51:010, for any classification
except marginal; and
(b) Each affected
facility commenced on or after the effective date of this administrative
regulation which is a part of a major source located in a county or portion of
a county designated attainment or marginal nonattainment for ozone in 401 KAR 51:010.
(2) Each affected
facility commenced on or after the classification date defined in Section 1 of
this administrative regulation but prior to the effective date of this
administrative regulation which is a part of a major source located in a county
or portion of a county designated attainment or marginally nonattainment for
ozone in 401 KAR 51:010 shall be exempt from this administrative regulation
except that control devices and procedures required at the time it commenced
shall continue to be operated and maintained.
Section 3. Standard
for VOCs. No person shall cause, allow, or permit an affected facility to
discharge into the atmosphere more than fifteen (15) percent by weight of the
VOCs net input into the affected facility.
Section 4. Compliance.
(1) In all cases the design of any control system shall be subject to approval
by the cabinet.
(2) Compliance with
the standard in Section 3 of this administrative regulation shall be
demonstrated by a material balance unless the cabinet determines that a
material balance is not possible. If a material balance is not possible,
compliance shall be determined based upon an engineering analysis by the
cabinet of the control system design, control device efficiency, control system
capture efficiency, and any other factors that may influence the performance of
the system. If requested by the cabinet, performance tests specified by the
cabinet shall be conducted to determine the efficiency of the control device.
Capture efficiency shall be determined by procedures specified in 401 KAR
50:047 in all ozone nonattainment areas except marginal.
(3) With the prior
approval of the cabinet, the owner or operator may elect to effect all changes
necessary to qualify for an exemption under Section 6 of this administrative
regulation.
(4) If deemed
necessary by the cabinet, the cabinet shall obtain samples of the coatings used
at an affected facility to verify that the coatings meet the requirements in
Section 6 of this administrative regulation. Appendix A to 40 CFR 60, Method
24, which has been incorporated by reference in 401 KAR 50:015, shall be used
as applicable to determine compliance of the coatings unless the cabinet
determines that other methods would be more appropriate. Case-by-case
alternatives approved by the cabinet, but not previously authorized by the U.S.
EPA, shall be submitted to the U.S. EPA as a SIP revision.
(5) Compliance on
one (1) coating line with VOC emission limits shall be based on an averaging
period not to exceed twenty-four (24) hours. If it is not economically or
technically feasible to determine emission on a daily basis, alternatives
expressing emission limits for longer averaging times may be accepted if
approved by the cabinet. Case-by-case alternatives approved by the cabinet, but
not previously authorized by the U.S. EPA, shall be submitted to the U.S. EPA
as a SIP revision.
(6) The amount of
exempt solvents shall be subtracted from the amount of coatings, just like
water, with the ultimate value of interest being the mass of VOC per unit
volume of coating less exempt solvent or water or both.
(7) Calculations to
determine equivalency on one (1) coating line shall be based on mass of VOC per
volume of solids. Vinyl plastisols and organisols shall not be included in VOC
equivalency calculations that are required to be included in applications for
VOC bubbles.
(8) Daily records
shall be maintained by the source for the most recent two (2) year period.
These records shall be made available to the cabinet or the U.S. EPA upon
request. The records shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(a) Applicable
administrative regulation number;
(b) Application
method and substrate type;
(c) Amount and type
of adhesive, coating (including catalyst and reducer for multicomponent coatings),
or solvent used at each point of application, including exempt compounds;
(d) The VOC content
as applied in each adhesive, coating, or solvent;
(e) The date for
each application for adhesive, coating, or solvent;
(f) The amount of
surface preparation, cleanup, or washup solvent (including exempt compounds)
used and the VOC content of each; and
(g) Oven
temperature, if applicable.
Section 5.
Compliance Timetable. (1) Affected facilities which were subject to this
administrative regulation as in effect on June 29, 1979, shall have achieved
final compliance upon start-up.
(2) The owner or
operator of an affected facility that, on or after the effective date of this
administrative regulation, becomes subject to this administrative regulation
for any reason other than construction, modification, or reconstruction shall
be required to complete the following:
(a) A final control
plan for achieving compliance with this administrative regulation shall be
submitted no later than nine (9) months after the date the affected facility
becomes subject to this administrative regulation.
(b) The control
system contract or the exempt coatings and any accompanying process change
contracts shall be awarded no later than eleven (11) months after the date the
affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.
(c) On-site
construction or installation of emission control equipment or process changes
for exempt coatings shall be initiated no later than thirteen (13) months after
the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative
regulation.
(d) On-site
construction or installation of emission control equipment or process changes
for exempt coatings shall be completed no later than seventeen (17) months
after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative
regulation.
(e) Final compliance
shall be achieved no later than eighteen (18) months after the date the
affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.
(f) If an affected
facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation because it is
located in a county previously designated nonurban nonattainment or
redesignated in 401 KAR 51:010 after November 15, 1990, final compliance may be
extended to May 31, 1995, and the schedule in paragraphs (a) through (d) of
this subsection adjusted by the cabinet.
Section 6.
Exemptions. (1) Any affected facility coating fabric or paper shall be exempt
from Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the VOC content of the
coating is less than 0.35 kg/l of coating (two and nine-tenths (2.9) lb/gal),
excluding water or exempt solvent or both, delivered to the applicators
associated with the coating line.
(2) Any affected
facility coating vinyl shall be exempt from Section 3 of this administrative
regulation if the VOC content of the coating is less than 0.45 kg/l of coating
(three and eight-tenths (3.8) lb/gal) excluding water or exempt solvent or
both, delivered to the applicators associated with the coating line.
(3) An affected
facility shall be exempt from this administrative regulation if the total VOC
emissions from all affected facilities subject to this administrative
regulation are less than or equal to:
(a) Three (3) lb/hr
actual emissions before add-on control;
(b) Fifteen (15)
lb/day actual emissions before add-on control; or
(c) Ten (10) tons
per year theoretical potential emissions based on design capacity for maximum
production) and 8760 hr/yr before add-on control.
(4) Low-use coatings
shall be exempt from Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the
plantwide consumption of these coatings in the aggregate is less than or equal
to fifty-five (55) gallons during the previous twelve (12) months. (5 Ky.R.
462; Am. 6 Ky.R. 23; eff. 6-29-79; 8 Ky.R. 910; eff. 9-22-82; 18 Ky.R. 2622;
2939; 3344; eff. 6-24-92; TAm eff. 8-9-2007.)
