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401 KAR 48:300. Surface and groundwater monitoring and corrective action


Published: 2015

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      401 KAR 48:300.

Surface and groundwater monitoring and corrective action.

 

      RELATES TO: KRS

224.01, 224.10, 224.40, 224.43, 224.70, 40 C.F.R. Parts 257, 258, 302.4

Appendix A

      STATUTORY

AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.40-305, 224.43-340

      NECESSITY,

FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS Chapter 224 requires the cabinet to promulgate

administrative regulations for the treatment, management, processing or

disposal of wastes. KRS 224.40-305 requires that persons engaging in the

management, processing or disposal of waste obtain a permit. This chapter

establishes the minimum technical standards for solid waste sites or

facilities. This administrative regulation sets forth the standards for

groundwater monitoring and corrective action.

 

      Section 1.

Applicability. The requirements of this administrative regulation apply to

owners and operators of contained, construction/demolition, and residual

landfills, Class II and Class III landfarming facilities, other solid waste

sites or facilities at which the cabinet determines groundwater monitoring

shall be required and solid waste sites or facilities required to accomplish

corrective action as a result of documented groundwater contamination. Sections

1 through 7 of this administrative regulation do not apply to landfarming facilities

permitted pursuant to 401 KAR 48:200. Landfarming facilities required to accomplish

corrective action shall comply with Section 8 of this administrative

regulation. The owner or operator shall satisfy the requirements of this

administrative regulation for all wastes (or constituents thereof) contained in

waste management units at the facility regardless of the time at which waste

was placed in such unit. Designs, reports, and plans constituting the public

practice of geology, as defined at KRS 322A.010, shall be developed by a person

registered pursuant to KRS Chapter 322A, except as provided for by KRS

322A.080.

 

      Section 2.

Surface Water Monitoring Plan. A surface water monitoring plan as required in

Section 5 of 401 KAR 47:190 shall include:

      (1) Documentation

that the applicant currently holds or has applied for a KPDES permit for all

structures that shall be used to control storm water run-off and all point

source discharges.

      (2) The location

of surface water monitoring points identified on the engineering plans. The

surface water monitoring points shall be located such that the sampling shall

characterize the quality of water unaffected by the landfills and shall be

located such that the sampling shall determine if water leaving the landfill in

surface drainage is contaminated with leachate. Sampling protocol shall measure

surface water under base flow conditions that continues to drain after

storm-induced surface run-off has ceased.

      (3) A schedule

and list of analytical parameters for the quarterly surface water sampling

program. The parameters to be analyzed for the water samples shall include at a

minimum: chlorides, sulfate, iron, sodium, total organic carbon or biochemical

oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, specific conductance, total suspended

solids, total dissolved solids, total solids and pH.

      (4) A form to

record the results of the surface water sample analyses.

      (5) Prior to the

disturbance of any areas proposed for development in a landfill permit

application, the owner shall analyze samples of the surface water points and

submit the results to the cabinet. The sampling shall include a minimum of two

(2) samples collected at no less than thirty (30) day intervals and shall be

sufficient to characterize the existing surface water quality.

 

      Section 3.

Groundwater Quality Characterization. A groundwater characterization as

required in 401 KAR 47:180 shall contain the chemical characteristics of the

upper most aquifer down to and including the lowest aquifer that may be

affected by the site or facility. This description shall include results of

analysis of at least two (2) samples of groundwater from the site before waste

placement for the parameters listed in Section 10 of this administrative

regulation. The number of samples collected for the groundwater quality

characterization shall be consistent with the statistical method for

groundwater analysis to be performed in Section 9 of this administrative

regulation.

      (1) For

facilities permitted before the effective date of this administrative

regulation, the data required by this section shall be taken beginning with the

first anniversary date of the issuance of the permit after the effective date

of this administrative regulation and shall be for the parameters listed in

Section 11 of this administrative regulation.

      (2) Monitoring

wells under this section shall be designed, constructed and maintained

according to Section 6 of this administrative regulation. Sampling and analysis

shall be conducted in accordance with a plan approved by the cabinet in

accordance with the requirements of Section 7 of this administrative

regulation.

 

      Section 4.

Groundwater Monitoring Plan. A groundwater monitoring plan as required in 401

KAR 47:190 or 401 KAR 48:200 shall include:

      (1) The number,

location and depth of proposed monitoring points;

      (2)

Preoperational data showing existing groundwater quality, as required in the

groundwater quality characterization in Section 3 of this administrative

regulation;

      (3) A

groundwater sampling and analysis plan. The procedures, methods and techniques

shall be approved by the cabinet. The plan shall include:

      (a) Procedures

and techniques designed to accurately measure groundwater quality upgradient,

and downgradient of the proposed waste disposal area;

      (b) Cabinet approved

sampling methods including procedures and techniques for sample collection,

sample preservation and sample shipment;

      (c) Cabinet

approved analytical procedures; and

      (d) Chain of

custody control, field and laboratory quality assurance and quality control.

The procedures and methods shall be approved by the cabinet.

      (4) For solid

waste sites or facilities located in karst regions the following additional

hydrogeologic information shall be required:

      (a) The nature

and extent of karst drainage beneath the solid waste site or facility; and

      (b) A

description of a proposed groundwater monitoring system capable of completely

and accurately monitoring groundwater contamination.

 

      Section 5.

Design Requirements for Groundwater Monitoring Systems. The groundwater quality

monitoring system to be utilized in the groundwater monitoring plan shall

accurately analyze groundwater quality and characterize local groundwater flow

and flow systems. The system shall consist, at a minimum, of the following:

      (1) At least one

(1) reference or background well at a point hydraulically upgradient from the

disposal area in the direction of increasing static head that is capable of

providing data representative of groundwater not affected by the solid waste

site or facility. When the solid waste site or facility occupies the most

upgradient position in the flow system, sufficient downgradient or side

gradient monitoring wells shall be placed to accurately characterize the

groundwater quality and regional and local groundwater flow and flow systems.

Reference wells shall be located so that they shall not be affected by

groundwater contamination from the disposal area; and

      (2) At least

three (3) monitoring wells at points hydraulically connected in the direction

of decreasing static head from the area in which solid waste has been or shall

be disposed. In addition to three (3) downgradient wells, the cabinet may allow

one (1) or more springs for monitoring points if the springs are hydraulically

downgradient from the area in which solid waste has been or shall be disposed,

if the springs are sampled in a manner approved by the cabinet, and if the

springs otherwise meet the requirements of the cabinet. Downgradient monitoring

wells shall be located so that they shall provide early detection of

groundwater contamination and progressive monitoring of the phases and units of

the site or facility.

 

      Section 6.

Requirements for Monitoring Well Construction. (1) Precautions shall be taken

during drilling and construction of monitoring wells to avoid introducing

contaminants into a borehole. Only potable water shall be used in drilling

monitoring wells unless otherwise approved by the cabinet. Drilling muds shall

not be used except with prior approval of the cabinet. Air systems and drilling

lubricants shall not introduce contaminants into the boreholes.

      (2)

Decontamination of all equipment to be placed into the boring shall be

performed before use at the site and between boreholes. Where possible,

upgradient wells shall be drilled first.

      (3) Monitoring

wells shall be cased as follows:

      (a) To maintain

the integrity of the monitoring well borehole by isolating water bearing units

which are sampled by each well;

      (b) With a

minimum casing diameter of four (4) inches unless otherwise approved by the

cabinet in writing;

      (c) With screens

and appropriate gravel or sand packing where necessary, to enable collection of

samples at depths where appropriate aquifer flow zones exist;

      (d) To allow the

casing to protrude at least one (1) foot above ground;

      (e) To provide a

drill hole diameter that is a minimum of four (4) inches larger than the

outside diameter of the well casing;

      (f) To produce

an annular space above the sampling depth that is sealed to prevent

contamination of samples and the groundwater; and

      (g) If plastic

casing is used, it shall be threaded and gasket sealed to preclude potential

sample contamination from solvent welded joints, unless otherwise provided by

the cabinet in the permit.

      (4) Monitoring

well casings shall be enclosed in a protective cover that shall:

      (a) Be

sufficient to reliably protect the well from damage. This shall include a

protective barrier around the well;

      (b) Be installed

into firm rock unless otherwise approved by the cabinet in writing;

      (c) Be grouted

and placed with a cement collar below the frost line to hold it firmly in

position unless otherwise approved by the cabinet;

      (d) Be numbered

and painted in a highly visible color;

      (e) Protrude at

least one (1) inch higher above grade than the monitoring well casing;

      (f) Have a

locked cap; and

      (g) Be made of

steel or any other material of equivalent strength.

      (5) Each

monitoring well shall have a concrete pad extending two (2) feet around the

well and sloped away from the well.

 

      Section 7.

Sampling and Analysis. (1) Parameters Listing. Owners or operators of solid

waste sites or facilities that require groundwater monitoring shall conduct

sampling and analysis from each monitoring well for the parameters listed in

Section 11 of this administrative regulation.

      (2) Reporting of

analysis results. Analyses of data required by this section shall be submitted

to the cabinet on a form provided by the cabinet within sixty (60) days of

sampling or fifteen (15) days after completing the statistical analysis

required by Section 9 of this administrative regulation, whichever is sooner,

unless the cabinet approves another time period in the permit. Frequency of

sampling shall be as indicated in Section 11 of this administrative regulation.

      (3) If analysis

of the sample results indicates contamination as specified in Section 8(1) of

this administrative regulation, the owner or operator shall notify the cabinet

within forty-eight (48) hours of receiving the statistical analysis results

required by Section 9 of this administrative regulation and shall arrange for

the cabinet to split a sample no later than ten (10) days from the receipt of

the results.

 

      Section 8.

Groundwater Contamination Assessment and Corrective Action. (1) The operator of

a solid waste site or facility shall be required to prepare and submit a

groundwater assessment plan if laboratory analyses of one (1) or more

monitoring wells at the site or facility shows the presence of one (1) or more

parameters listed in 40 CFR 302.4, Appendix A as of October 1988, above the

maximum containment level (MCL) as specified in 401 KAR 47:030 or significant

increase over naturally occurring background levels for parameters that have no

MCL. For parameters that have no maximum contaminant levels a significant

increase over background shall be determined using a statistical test as

specified in Section 9 of this administrative regulation.

      (2) Confirmation

sampling. The owner or operator of a solid waste site or facility shall not be

required to submit an assessment plan if the following conditions are met:

      (a) Within ten

(10) days after receipt of sample results showing groundwater contamination the

owner or operator resamples the affected wells; and

      (b) Analysis

from resampling shows to the cabinet's satisfaction that groundwater

contamination has not occurred.

      (3) The owner or

operator of a solid waste site or facility shall be required to provide

alternate water supplies to affected parties within twenty-four (24) hours of

notification of the cabinet that sample results indicate contamination of a

drinking water supply if it has been determined that the landfill is the

probable source of contamination.

      (4) The

assessment plan shall be submitted to the cabinet within thirty (30) days of

the occurrence of the conditions described in subsection (1) of this section.

The assessment plan shall specify the manner in which the owner or operator

shall determine the existence, quality, quantity, areal extent and depth of

groundwater degradation, and the rate and direction of migration of

contaminants in the groundwater. The assessment plan shall be prepared by a

qualified professional and shall be implemented upon approval by the cabinet in

accordance with the approved implementation schedule. The assessment plan shall

be implemented within sixty (60) days after approval by the cabinet. The plan

shall contain, at a minimum all of the following information:

      (a) The number,

location, size, casing type and depth of wells, lysimeters, borings, pits,

piezometers and other assessment structures or devices to be used;

      (b) Sampling and

analytical methods for the parameters to be evaluated;

      (c) Analyses of

all parameters listed in Section 10(3) of this administrative regulation and

any other parameter determined by the cabinet; and

      (d) Evaluation

procedures, including the use of previously gathered groundwater quality

information, to determine the concentration, rate and extent of groundwater

degradation or pollution from the facility.

      (5) For public

or private water supplies which may be adversely affected by the facility, the

owner or operator shall submit a detailed hydrogeologic study addressing the

potential effect of the site or facility on said water supply.

      (6) If the

cabinet determines that the assessment plan is inadequate, it may modify the

plan and approve the plan as modified.

      (7) Within

ninety (90) days after the implementation of the groundwater assessment plan,

the operator shall submit a groundwater assessment report containing the new

data collected, analysis of the data and recommendations on the necessity for

abatement.

      (8) The cabinet

may require abatement measures prior to approval of the groundwater assessment

plan in the event that a determination has been made that there is an immediate

threat to human health or the environment.

      (9) Within 120

days of the cabinet approval of the groundwater assessment report, but in no

event later than one (1) year from the event specified in subsection (1) of

this section, the owner or operator shall submit a remedial action plan to

include the following:

      (a) The specific

methods or techniques to be used to abate groundwater contamination from the

facility;

      (b) The specific

methods or techniques to be used to prevent further groundwater contamination

from the facility; and

      (c) A

description of the means used to restore or replace public or private water

supplies affected by contamination from the solid waste facility.

      (10) Within

fifteen (15) days of approval of the groundwater assessment report, the cabinet

shall prepare and the owner or operator shall publish a public notice in

accordance with 401 KAR 47:140, Section 7(1)(a) through (f), (3), and (4). The

public notice shall contain a brief statement summarizing the contents of the

groundwater assessment report, shall provide for a thirty (30) day public

comment period, and shall set forth a proposed public hearing date. If no

request for a public hearing is received during the thirty (30) day comment

period, the public hearing may be cancelled.

      (11) The owner

or operator shall, within 120 days of approval of the groundwater corrective

action plan under subsection (9) of this section, post the financial assurance

required under 401 KAR 48:310.

      (12) The owner

or operator of a solid waste site or facility shall take any other steps deemed

necessary by the cabinet to ensure protection of human health and the

environment.

      (13) Corrective

action measures under this administrative regulation shall be initiated and

completed within a period of time as specified by the cabinet considering the

extent of contamination.

      (14) Corrective

action measures under this administrative regulation may be terminated upon

approval of the cabinet when the owner or operator demonstrates that

concentrations have been reduced to levels below the maximum contaminant level

or naturally occurring background.

 

      Section 9.

Statistical Methods for Groundwater Analysis. (1) The owner or operator shall

specify in the permit application one (1) of the following statistical methods

to be used in evaluating groundwater monitoring data for each parameter in

Section 11 of this administrative regulation. The statistical test chosen shall

be conducted separately for each parameter in Section 11 of this administrative

regulation in each well for each monitoring event, and the results shall be

maintained as part of the facility record throughout the operating and

postclosure life of the facility.

      (a) A parametric

analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by multiple comparisons procedures to

identify statistically significant evidence of contamination. The method shall

include estimation and testing of the contrasts between each compliance well's

mean and the background mean levels for each constituent.

      (b) An analysis

of variance (ANOVA) based on ranks followed by multiple comparisons procedures

to identify statistically significant evidence of contamination. The method

shall include estimation and testing of the contrasts between each compliance

well's median and the background median levels for each constituent.

      (c) A tolerance

or prediction interval procedure in which an interval for each constituent is

established from the distribution of the background data, and the level of each

constituent in each compliance well is compared to the upper tolerance or

prediction limit.

      (d) A control

chart approach that gives control limits for each constituent.

      (e) Another

statistical method approved by the cabinet based on justification included in

the permit application that the method meets the requirements of subsection (2)

of this section.

      (2) Any

statistical method chosen under subsection (1) of this section shall comply

with the following performance standards, as appropriate:

      (a) The

statistical method used to evaluate groundwater monitoring data shall be

appropriate for the distribution of chemical parameters or hazardous

constituents. If the distribution of the chemical parameters or hazardous

constituents is shown by the owner or operator to be inappropriate for a normal

theory test, then the data shall be transformed or a distribution-free theory

test shall be used. If the distributions for the constituents differ, more than

one (1) statistical method may be needed.

      (b) If an

individual well comparison procedure is used to compare an individual

compliance well constituent concentration with background constituent

concentrations or a groundwater protection standard, the test shall be done at

a Type I error level of no less than 0.01 for each testing period. If a

multiple comparisons procedure is used, the Type I experiment-wise error rate

for each testing period shall be no less than 0.05; however, the Type I error

of no less than 0.01 for individual well comparisons shall be maintained. This

performance standard shall not apply to tolerance intervals, prediction

intervals, or control charts.

      (c) If a control

chart approach is used to evaluate groundwater monitoring data, the specific

type of control chart and its associated parameter values shall be protective

of human health and the environment. The parameters shall be determined after

considering the number of samples in the background database, the data

distribution, and the range of the concentration values for each constituent of

concern.

      (d) If a

tolerance interval or a predictional interval is used to evaluate groundwater

monitoring data, the levels of confidence and, for tolerance intervals, the

percentage of the population that the interval must contain, shall be

protective of human health and the environment. These parameters shall be

determined after considering the number of samples in the background database,

the data distribution, and the range of the concentration values for each

constituent of concern.

      (e) The

statistical method shall account for data below the limit of detection with one

(1) or more statistical procedures that are protective of human health and the

environment. Any practical quantitation limit that is used in the statistical

method shall be the lowest concentration level that can be reliably achieved

within specified limits of precision and accuracy during routine laboratory

operating conditions that are available to the facility.

      (f) If

necessary, the statistical method shall include procedures to control or

correct for seasonal and spatial variability as well as temporal correlation in

the data.

      (3) The owner or

operator shall determine whether or not there is a statistically significant

increase over background values for each parameter or constituent required in

the particular groundwater monitoring program that applies to the solid waste site

or facility.

      (a) In

determining whether a statistically significant increase has occurred, the

owner or operator shall compare the groundwater quality of each parameter or

constituent at each monitoring well to the background value of that constituent,

according to the statistical procedures and performance standards specified

under subsections (1) and (2) of this section.

      (b) Within

thirty (30) days after receiving sampling results, the owner or operator shall

determine whether there has been a statistically significant increase over

background at each monitoring well.

 

      Section 10.

Groundwater Quality Characterization Parameters. For solid waste sites or

facilities that require groundwater monitoring, the following parameters are to

be analyzed for groundwater quality characterization as required in Section 2

of this administrative regulation:

      (1) For all

Class II and III landfarming facilities required to monitor groundwater, the

characterization shall be based on the following parameters:

      (a) Specific

conductance, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, chloride, iron,

manganese, sodium, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, chromium, cadmium,

coliform bacteria, pH, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, bicarbonate,

carbonate.

      (b) Groundwater elevation

in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the wellhead

referenced to mean sea level based on a United States Geological Survey (USGS)

datum.

      (2) For residual

and construction/demolition debris landfills, the characterization shall be

based on the following parameters:

      (a) Chloride,

chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, specific conductance, pH, iron,

sodium, arsenic, barium, cadmium, lead, mercury, nitrate, selenium, silver, pH,

calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, bicarbonate, carbonate.

      (b) Groundwater

elevations recorded as a distance from the elevation at the wellhead referenced

to mean sea level based on a United States Geological Survey (USGS) datum.

      (3) For

contained landfills, the characterization shall be based on the following

parameters:

      (a) Indicators:

Specific conductance, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total

organic carbon, pH, chloride, iron, manganese, sodium, bicarbonate, calcium,

sulfate, magnesium, potassium, carbonate.

      (b) Hazardous

Constituents.

 



 



Systematic Name





CAS RN





Common Name







Acenaphthylene





208-96-8





Acenaphthylene







Acenaphthylene,

1,2-dihydro-





83-32-9





Acenaphthene







Acetamide,

N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-H





62-44-2





Phenacetin







Acetamide,

N-9H-fluoren-2-yl





53-96-3





2-Acetylaminofluorene;

2-AAF







Acetic acid ethenyl

ester





108-05-4





Vinyl acetate







Acetic acid

(2,4-5-trichlorophenoxy)-





93-76-5





2,4,5-T;

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid







Acetic acid

(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-





94-75-7





2,4-Dichlorophe

noxy-acetic acid







Acetonitrile





75-05-8





Acetonitrile; Methyl

cyanide







Aluminum





7429-90-5





Aluminum (total)







Anthracene





120-12-7





Anthracene







Antimony





7440-36-0





Antimony (total)







Aroclor 1016





12674-11-2





Aroclor 1016







Aroclor 1221





11104-28-2





Aroclor 1221







Aroclor 1232





11141-16-5





Aroclor 1232







Aroclor 1242





53469-21-9





Aroclor 1242







Aroclor 1248





12672-29-6





Aroclor 1248







Aroclor 1254





11097-69-1





Aroclor 1254







Aroclor 1260





11096-82-5





Aroclor 1260







Arsenic





7440-38-2





Arsenic (total)







Barium





7440-39-3





Barium (total)







Benz(a)anthracene,7,12,-dimethyl





57-97-6





7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene







Benz(j)aceanthrylene,

1,2-dihydro-3-Methyl





56-49-5





3-Methylcholanthrene







Benz(e)acephenanthrylene





205-99-2





Benzo(b)fluoranthene







Benzamide,

3,5-dichloro-N-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)-





23950-58-5





Pronamide







Benz(a)anthracene





56-55-3





Benzo(a)anthracene;

Benzanthracene







Benzenamine, 2

methyl-





95-53-4





o-Toluidine







Benzenamine,

2-methyl-5-nitro





99-55-8





5-Nitro-o-toluidine







Benzenamine, 2-nitro





88-74-4





2-Nitroaniline;

o-Nitroaniline







Benzenamine, 3-nitro





99-09-2





3-Nitroaniline; m-Nitroaniline







Benzenamine,

4-chloro





106-47-8





p-Chloroaniline







Benzenamine,

4-nitro-





100-01-6





4-Nitroaniline;

p-nitroaniline







Benzenamine,

N-nitroso-N-phenyl





86-30-6





N-Nitrosodiphenylmamine







Benzenamine,

N-phenyl-





122-39-4





Diphenylamine







Benzenamine,

N,N-dimethyl-





60-11-7





p-Dimethylamino-4-(phenylazo)-azobenzene







Benzene





71-43-2





Benzene







Benzene,

1-bromo-4-phenoxy-





101-55-3





4-Bromophenyl phenyl

ether







Benzene,

1-chloro-4-phenoxy-





7005-72-3





4-Chlorophenyl

phenyl ether







Benzene, 1-methyl-2,

4-dinitro





121-14-2





2,4-Dinitrotoluene-







Benzene,

1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro-





50-29-3





DDT; 4,4'-DDT







Benzene,

1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis(4-methoxy-





72-43-5





Methoxychlor







Benzene

1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro-





72-54-8





DDD; 4,4'-DDD







Benzene

1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethenylidene)bis(4-chloro-





72-55-9





DDE; 4-4'-DDE







Benzene 1,2-dichloro





95-50-1





o-Dichlorobenzene







Benzene

1,2,4-trichloro





120-82-1





1,2,4-trichlorobenzene







Benzene

1,2,4,5-tetrachloro





95-94-3





1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene







Benzene 1,3-dichloro-





541-73-1





M-Dichlorobenzene







Benzene, 1, 3-dintro





99-65-0





m-Dinitrobenzene







Benzene,

1,3,5-trinitro-





99-35-4





Sym-Trinitrobenze







Benzene

1,4-dichloro-





106-46-7





p-Dichlorobenzene







Benzene,

2-methyl-1,3-dinitro





606-20-2





2,6-Dinitrotoluene







Benzene, chloro-





108-90-7





Chlorobenzene







Benzene, dimethyl-





*





Xylene (total)







Benzene, ethenyl-





100-42-5





Styrene







Benzene, ethyl-





100-41-4





Ethyl benzene







Benzene, hexachloro





118-74-1





Hexachlorobenzene







Benzene, methyl





108-88-3





Toluene







Benzene, nitro





98-95-3





Nitrobenzene







Benzene,

pentachloro-





606-93-5





Pentachlorobenzene







Benzene,

pentachloronitro-





82-68-8





Pentachloronitrobenzene







Benzeneacetic acid,

4-chloro-a-(4-chlorophenyl)-a-hydroxy-, ethyl ester





510-15-6





Chlorobenzilate







1,4-Benzenediamine





106-50-3





p-Phenylene-dianine







1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic

acid, bis- (2-ethylhexyl)ester





117-81-7





Bis(2-ethylhexyl)

phthalate







1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic

acid, butyl phenylmethyl ester





85-68-7





Butyl benzyl

phthalate; Benzyl butyl phthalate







1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic

acid, dibutyl ester





84-74-2





Di-n-butyl phthalate







1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic

acid, diethyl ester





84-66-2





Diethyl phthalate







1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic

acid, dimethyl ester





131-11-3





Dimethyl phthalate







1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic

acid, dioctyl ester





117-84-0





Di-n-octyl phthalate







Benzenemethanol





100-51-6





Benzyl alcohol







1,3-Benodioxole,

5-(1-propenyl)-





120-58-1





Isosafrole







1,3-Benzodioxole,

5-(2-propenyl)-





94-59-7





Safrole







Benzo(k)fluoranthene





207-08-9





Benzo(k)fluoranthene







Benzo(ghi)perylene





191-24-2





Benzo(ghi)perylene







Benzo(a)pyrene





50-32-8





Benzo(a)pyrene







Beryllium





7440-41-7





Beryllium (total)







1,1-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine,

3,3'- dichloro-





91-94-1





3,3'-Dichloroenzidine







1,1'-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine,

3,3' dimethyl-





119-93-7





3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine







(1,1'-Biphenyl)-4-amine





92-67-1





4-Aminobiphenyl







1,3-Butadiene,

1,1,2,3,4,4-hexachloro-





87-68-3





Hexachlorobutadiene







1,3-Butadiene,

2-chloro-





126-99-8





2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene;

chloropene







1-Butanamine,

N-butyl-N-nitroso-





924-16-3





N-Nitrosodi-n-Butylamine







2-Butanone





78-93-3





Methyl ethyl ketone;

MEK; 2-Butanone







2-Butene,

1,4-di-chloro-, (E)-





110-57-6





trans-1,4-Di-chloro-2-butene







Cadmium (total)





7440-43-9





Cadmium







Carbamothioic acid,

bis (1-methylethyl)-, S-(2,3-dichloro-2-propenyl ester





2303-16-4





Diallate







Carbon disulfide





75-15-0





Carbon disulfide







Chromium





7440-47-3





Chromium (total)







Chrysene





218-01-9





Chrysene







Cobalt





7440-48-4





Cobalt (total)







Copper





7440-50-8





Copper (total)







Cyanide





57-12-5





Cyanide







Cyclohexane,

1,2,3,4, 5,6-hexachloro- (1a,2a,3B,4a,5B,6B)-





319-84-6





alpha-BHC







Cyclohexane,

1,2,3,4, 5,6-hexachloro-2B,3a,4B,5a,6B)-





319-85-7





beta-BHC







Cyclohexane,

1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro- (1a,2a,3a,4B,5a,6B)-





319-86-8





delta-BHC







Cyclohexane,

1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro- (1a,2a,3B,4a,5a,6B)-





58-89-9





gamma-BHC; lindane







2-Cyclohexene-1-one,3,5,5-trimethyl





78-59-1





Isophorone







1,3-Cyclopentadiene,1,2,3,4,5,

5-hexachloro-





77-47-4





Hexachlorocyclopentadiene







Dibenz(a,h)anthracene





53-70-3





Dibenz(a,h)anthracene







Dibenzofuran





132-64-9





Dibenzofuran,

hexachlorodibenzofurans; penta-chlorodibenzo-furans; tetrachlorodibenzofurans.







2,7:3,6-Dimethanon-aphth

(2,3-b)oxirene,3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,

7,7a-octahydro,1aa,2B,2aa, 3B,6B,6aa,7B,7aa)-





60-57-1





Dieldrin







2,7:3,6-Dimethanon-aphth

(2,3-b)oxirene,3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,

7,7a-octahydro,1aa,2B,2aB,3a, 6a,6aB,7B,7aa)-





72-20-8





Endrin







1,4:5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene,

1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexa-hydro-,1aa, 4a,4aB,5a,8a,8aB)-





309-00-2





Aldrin







1,4:5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene,

1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexa-hydro-,1aa, 4a,4aB,5B,8B,8aB)-





465-73-6





Isodrin







1,4-Dioxane





123-91-1





1,4-Dioxane







Ethanamine,

N-ethyl-N-nitroso





55-18-5





N-Nitrosodiethylamine







Ethanamine,

N-methyl-N-nitroso





10595-95-6





N-Nitrosomethylethyl

amine







Ethane,

1,1-dichloro-





75-34-3





1,1-Dichloroethane;

ethyldidene chloride







Ethane,

1,1'-(methylenebis(oxy)) bis(2-chloro-





111-91-1





Bis(2-chloroethoxy)

methane







Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis

(2-chloro-





111-44-4





Bis(2-chloroethyl)

ether







Ethane,

1,1,1-trichloro-





71-55-6





1,1,1-Trichloroethane;

Methyl chloroform







Ethane,

1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-





630-20-6





1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane







Ethane,

1,1,2-trichloro-





79-00-5





1,1,2-Trichloroethane







Ethane,

1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-





79-34-5





1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro

ethane







Ethane, 1,2-dibromo





106-93-4





1,2-Dibromoethane;

Ethylene dibromide; EDB







Ethane, 1,2-dichloro





107-06-2





1,2-Dichloroethane;

Ethylene dichloride







Ethane, chloro-





75-00-3





Chloroethane; Ethyl

chloride







Ethane, hexachloro-





67-72-1





Hexachloroethane







Ethane, pentachloro-





76-01-7





Pentachloroethane







1,2-Ethanediamine,N,N-dimethyl-N'-'2-pyridinyl-n'-(2-thienylmethyl)-





91-80-5





Methapyrilene







Ethanone, 1-phenyl-





98-86-2





Acetophenone







Ethene,

1,1-dichloro-





75-35-4





1,1-Dichloroethylene;

Vinylidene chloride; 1,1-Dichloroethene







Ethene,

1,2-dichloro-(e)-





156-60-5





trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene;

trans-1,2-Dichloroethene







Ethene,

1,2-dichloro(z)-





156-59-2





cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene;

cis-1,2-Dichloro-ethene







Ethene, chloro-





75-01-4





Vinyl chloride;

Chloroethene







Ethene, tetrachloro-





127-18-4





Tetrachloroethene;

Tetrachloroethylene; Perchloroethylene







Ethene, trichloro-





79-01-6





Trichloroethene;

Trichloroethylene







Fluoranthene





206-44-0





Fluoranthene







9H-Fluorene





86-73-7





Fluorene







2-Hexanone





591-78-6





2-Hexanone; Methyl

butyl ketone







Indeno(1,2,3-cd)

pyrene





193-39-5





Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene







Lead





7439-92-1





Lead (total)







Magnesium





7439-94-4





Magnesium (total)







Manganese





7439-96-5





Manganese (total)







Mercury





7439-97-6





Mercury (total)







Methanamine,

N-methyl-N-nitroso





62-75-9





N-Nitrosodimethylamine







Methane, bromo-





74-83-9





Bromomethane







Methane,

bromochloro-





74-97-5





Bromochloromethane;

Chlorobromomethane







Methane,

bromodichloro-





75-27-4





Bromodichloromethane;

Dibromochloromethane







Methane, chloro





74-87-3





Chloromethane;

Methyl chloride







Methane, dibromo-





75-09-2





Dibromomethane;

methylene bromide







Methane,

dibromo-chloro-





124-48-1





Chlorodibromomethane







Methane, dichloro-





75-09-2





Dichloromethane,

Methylene Chloride







Methane,

Dichlorodifluoro-





75-71-8





Dichlorodifluoromethane;

CFC-12







Methane, iodo





74-88-4





Iodomethane; Methyl

iodide







Methane,

tetrachloro-





56-23-5





Carbon Tetrachloride







Methane, tribromo-





75-25-2





Tribromomethane;

Bromoform







Methane, trichloro-





67-66-3





Chloroform







Methane,

trichlorofluoro-





75-69-4





Trichloromonofluoromethane;

CFC-11







Methanesulfonic

acid, ethyl ester





62-50-0





Ethyl methanesulfonate







Methanesulfonic

acid, methyl ester





66-27-3





Methyl methane-sulfonate







4,7-Methano-1H-indene-1,2,

4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-2,3, 3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro





**





Chlordane







4,7-Methano-1H-indene-1,4,5,

6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a, 4,7,7a-tetrahydro-





76-44-8





Heptachlor







2,5-Methano-2H-indeno(1,2-b)

oxirene,2,3,4,5,6,7,7-heptachloro-1a,1b,5,5a,6, 6a-hexahydro-,(1aa,1bB,2a,

5a,5aB,6B,6aa)





1024-57-3





Heptachlor epoxide







6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzo-dioxathiepin,6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-,3-oxide,

(3a,5aB,6a,9a,9aB)





959-96-8





Endosulfan I







6,9-Methano-2,4,3-6,7,8,9,

benzo-dioxathiepin, 10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a, 6,9,9a-hexahydro-,3-oxide,

(3a,5aa,6B,9B,9aa)





33213-65-9





Endosulfan II







6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin,6,7,8,9,

10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9, 9a-hexahydro-3,3-dioxide





1031-07-8





Endosulfan sulfate







1,3,4-Methano-2H-cyclobutal

(cd)pentalen-2-one,1,1a,3,3a, 4,5,5,5a,5b,6-decachloro-octahydro-





143-50-0





Kepone







1,2,4-Methanocyclopenta(cd)

pentalene-5-carboxaldehyde,

2,2a,3,3,4,7-hexachlorodecahydro-,(1a,2B,2aB,4B,4aB,5B,6aB,6aB,7R*)





7421-93-4





Endrin aldehyde







1-Naphthalenamine





134-31-7





1-Naphthylamine







2-Naphthalenamine





91-59-8





2-Naphthylamine







Naphthalene





91-20-3





Naphthalene







Naphthalene,

2-chloro-





91-58-7





2-chloronaphthalene







Naphthalene,

2-methyl-





91-57-6





2-Methylnaphthalene







1,4-Naphthalenedione





130-15-4





1,4-Naphthoqui- None







Nickel





7440-02-0





Nickel (total)







2-Pentanone,

4-methyl-





108-10-1





4-Methyl-2-pentanone;

Methyl isobutyl ketone







Phenanthrene





85-01-8





Phenanthrene







Phenol





108-95-2





Phenol







Phenol,

2-(1-methyl-propyl)-4, 6-dinitro





88-85-7





2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitro-phenol;

Dinoseb; DNBP







Phenol, 2-chloro-





95-57-8





2-Chlorphenol







Phenol, 2-methyl-





95-48-7





ortho-Cresol;

2-methylphenol







Phenol,

2-methyl-4,6-dinitro-





34-52-1





4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol;

4,6-Dinitro-2 methylphenol







Phenol, 2-nitro





88-75-5





2-Nitrophenol;

o-Nitrophenol







Phenol,

2,3,4,6-tetrachloro-





58-90-2





2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol







Phenol, 2,4-dichloro





120-83-2





2,4-Dichlorophenol







Phenol,

2,4-dimethyl-





105-67-9





2,4-Dimethylphenol;

m-Xylenol







Phenol, 2,4-dinitro-





51-28-5





2,4-Dinitrophenol







Phenol, 2,4,5-trichloro





95-95-4





2,4,5-Trichlorophenol







Phenol,

2,4,6-trichloro-





88-06-2





2,4,6-Trichlorophenol







Phenol,

2,6-dichloro-





87-65-0





2,6-Dichlorophenol







Phenol, 3 methyl-





108-39-4





m-Cresol;

3-methylphenol







Phenol,

4-chloro-3-methyl-





59-50-7





p-Chloro-m-cresol; 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol







Phenol, 4-methyl-





106-44-5





para-Cresol;

4-methylphenol







Phenol, 4-nitro





100-02-7





4-Nitrophenol;

p-Nitrophenol







Phenol, pentachloro-





87-86-5





Pentachlorophenol







Phosphorodithioic

acid, 0,0-diethyl S-((ethylthio) methyl) ester





298-02-2





Phorate







Phosphorodithioic

acid, 0,0-diethyl S-(2-(ethylthio) ethyl) ester





298-04-4





Disulfoton







Phosphorothioic

acid, 0-(4- ((dimethyl-amino)sulfonyl) phenyl)0,0-dimethyl ester





52-85-7





Famphur







Phosphorothioic

acid, 0,0-diethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl ester





56-38-2





Parathion







Phosphorothioic

acid, 0,0-diethyl 0-pyrazinyl ester





297-97-2





0,0-Diethyl 0,2-pyrazinyl

phosphorothioate; thionazin







Phosphorothioic

acid, 0,0-dimethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl) ester





298-00-0





Methyl parathion;

Parathion methyl







Phosphorodithioic

acid, 0,0-dimethyl S- (2- (methylamino)-2-oxoethyl ester





60-51-5





Dimethoate







Phosphorothioic

acid, 0,0,0-triethyl ester





126-68-1





0,0,0-Triethyl

phosphorothioate







Piperidine,

1-nitroso-





100-75-4





N-NitrosopiperIdine







1-Propanamine,

N-nitroso-N-propyl-





621-64-7





Di-n-propylnitrosamine;

N-nitrosodipropylamine, N-nitroso-N-dipropylamine







Propane,

1,2-dibromo-3-chloro





96-12-8





1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane;

DBCP







Propane,

1,2-dichloro-





78-87-5





1,2-Dichloropropane;

Propylene dichloride







Propane,

1,3-dichloro-





142-28-9





1,3-Dichloropropane;

Trimethylene dichloride







Propane,

1,2,3-trichloro-





96-18-4





1,2,3-Trichloropropane







Propane,

2,2-dichloro-





594-20-7





2,2-Dichloropropane;

Isopropylidene chloride







Propane, 2,2'-oxybis

(1-chloro-





108-60-1





Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)

ether; Bis-(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether; 2,2'-Dichlorodi-isopropyl ether;

DCIP







Propanenitrile





107-12-0





Ethyl cyanide; Propionitrile







Propanoic acid,

2-(2,4,5-trichloro-phenoxy)-





93-72-1





Silvex; 2,4,5-TP







1-Propanol,

2-methyl-





78-83-1





Isobutyl alcohol







2-Propanone





67-64-1





Acetone







2-Propenal





107-02-8





Acrolein







1-Propene,

1,1-dichloro-





563-58-6





1,1-Dichloropropene







1-Propene,

1,1,2,3,3, 3,-hexachloro-





1888-71-7





Hexachloropropene







1-Propene,

1,3-dichloro-, (E)-





10061-02-6





trans-1,3-Di-chloropropene







1-Propene, 1,3-dichloro-,

(Z)-





10061-01-5





cis-1,3-Dichloropropene







1-Propene, 3-chloro-





107-05-1





3-Chloropropene; Allyl

chloride







2-Propenenitrile,2-methyl





126-98-7





Methacrylontrile







2-Propenenitrile





107-13-1





Acrylonitrile







2-Propenoic acid,

2-methl-, methyl ester





80-62-6





Methyl methacrylate







Pyrene





129-00-0





Pyrene







Pyrrolidine,

1-nitroso-





930-55-2





N-nitrosopyrrolidine







Selenium





7782-49-2





Selenium (total)







Silver





7440-22-4





Silver (total)







Sulfide





18496-25-8





Sulfide







Thallium





7440-28-0





Thallium (total)







Tin





7440-31-5





Tin (total)







Toxaphene





8001-35-2





Toxaphene







Vanadium





7440-62-2





Vanadium (total)







Zinc





7440-66-6





Zinc (total)





 



      *Xylene(total):

This entry includes o-xylene (CAS RN 96-47-6), m-xylene (CAS RN 108-38-3),

p-xylene (CAS RN 106-42-3), and unspecified xylenes (dimethylbenzenes) (CAS RN

1330-20-7).

      **Chlordane:

This entry includes alpha-chlordane (CAS RN 5103-71-9), beta-chlordane (CAS RN

5103-74-2), gamma chlordane (CAS RN 5566-34-7), and constituents of chlordane

(CAS RN 57-74-9 and CAS RN 12789-03-06).

      (c) Groundwater

elevations in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the

wellhead referenced to mean sea level based on a United States Geological

Survey datum.

      (4) For residual

landfills this characterization shall include parameters approved by the

cabinet based upon the chemical analysis of the waste.

      (5) For other

sites or facilities the characterization shall be for parameters determined by

the cabinet.

 

      Section 11.

Groundwater Monitoring Parameters. (1)(a) Operators of Class II and Class III

landfarming facilities requiring groundwater monitoring shall monitor for the

following parameters on a semiannual basis: temperature, chemical oxygen

demand, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, lead, chromium,

cadmium, coliform bacteria;

      (b) Groundwater

elevations in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the

wellhead referenced to mean sea level based on a USGS datum; and

      (c) Other

parameters as approved by the cabinet based on the waste analysis.

      (2) Operators of

residual and construction/demolition debris landfills shall monitor

semiannually for the following:

      (a) Temperature,

chloride, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total organic carbon,

specific conductance, pH, iron, sodium;

      (b) Arsenic,

barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, nitrate, selenium;

      (c) Groundwater

elevations in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the

wellhead referenced to mean sea level based on a USGS datum;

      (d) Other

parameters as approved by the cabinet based on the waste analysis; and

      (e) If after

four (4) consecutive quarterly monitoring periods, analysis for the parameters

in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this subsection indicates no exceedances above

levels specified in Section 8(1) of this administrative regulation, the owner

or operator may, upon request, be granted permission from the cabinet to reduce

the monitoring parameters to those listed in paragraph (a) of this subsection.

      (3) Operators of

contained landfills shall be required to monitor quarterly for the following

parameters:

      (a) Temperature,

chloride, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total organic carbon,

specific conductance, pH, total organic halides, antimony, arsenic, barium,

beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel,

nitrate, selenium, silver, sodium, thallium, vanadium, and zinc;

      (b) Acetone;

acrolein; acrylonitrile; benzene; bromochloromethane; bromodichloromethane;

bromoform (tribromomethane); bromomethane (methyl bromide); 2-butanone (methyl

ethyl ketone); carbon disulfide; carbon tetrachloride; chlorobenzene;

chlorodibromomethane (dibromochloromethane); chloroethane (ethyl chloride);

2-chloroethyl vinyl ether; chloroform (trichloromethane); chloromethane (methyl

chloride); dibromomethane (methylene bromide); 1,2-dibromo-3-chloro-propane

(DBCP); 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide, EDB); 1,2-dichlorobenzene

(o-dichlorobenzene); 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene);

trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene; dichlorodifluoromethane; 1,1-dichloroethane

(ethylidene chloride); 1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride);

cis-1,3-dichloropropene; trans-1,3-dichloropropene; ethanol; ethylbenzene;

ethyl methacrylate; 2-hexanone (methyl butyl ketone); iodomethane (methyl

iodide); methylene chloride (dichloromethane); 4-methyl-2-pentanone (methyl

isobutyl ketone); 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1-dichloroethylene, vinylidene

chloride); cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-dichloroethylene);

trans-1,2-dichloroethene (trans-1,2-dichloroethylene); 1,2-dichloropropane

(propylene dichloride); styrene; 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane;

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene,

perchloroethylene); toluene; 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform);

1,1,2-trichloroethane; trichloroethene (trichloroethylene);

trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11); 1,2,3-trichloropropane; vinyl acetate; vinyl

chloride; xylene;

      (c) Groundwater

elevations recorded as a distance from the elevation at the wellhead referenced

to mean sea level based on a United States Geologic Survey datum;

      (d) Determine

the rate and direction of groundwater flow each time groundwater is sampled;

      (e) Other

parameters as approved by the cabinet based on the waste analysis; and

      (f) If after

four (4) consecutive quarterly monitoring periods, analysis for the parameters

in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection indicates no exceedances above the

levels specified in Section 8(1) of this administrative regulation, the owner

or operator may obtain permission from the cabinet to reduce the sampling

program to annual sampling for parameters in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this

subsection while sampling quarterly for the following:

      1. Temperature;

      2. Chloride;

      3. Chemical

oxygen demand;

      4. Total

dissolved solids;

      5. Total organic

carbon;

      6. Specific

conductance;

      7. pH;

      8. Iron;

      9. Sodium; and

      10. Total

organic halides.

      (4) Operators of

residual landfills shall monitor quarterly for parameters to be determined by

the cabinet based upon chemical analysis of the waste to be disposed.

      (5) Other solid

waste sites or facilities shall monitor for parameters and at a frequency

determined by the cabinet. (16 Ky.R. 1798; Am. 2229; 2391; eff. 5-8-90; 21

Ky.R. 506; 1104; eff. 11-7-94.)