401 KAR 48:300.
Surface and groundwater monitoring and corrective action.
RELATES TO: KRS
224.01, 224.10, 224.40, 224.43, 224.70, 40 C.F.R. Parts 257, 258, 302.4
Appendix A
STATUTORY
AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.40-305, 224.43-340
NECESSITY,
FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS Chapter 224 requires the cabinet to promulgate
administrative regulations for the treatment, management, processing or
disposal of wastes. KRS 224.40-305 requires that persons engaging in the
management, processing or disposal of waste obtain a permit. This chapter
establishes the minimum technical standards for solid waste sites or
facilities. This administrative regulation sets forth the standards for
groundwater monitoring and corrective action.
Section 1.
Applicability. The requirements of this administrative regulation apply to
owners and operators of contained, construction/demolition, and residual
landfills, Class II and Class III landfarming facilities, other solid waste
sites or facilities at which the cabinet determines groundwater monitoring
shall be required and solid waste sites or facilities required to accomplish
corrective action as a result of documented groundwater contamination. Sections
1 through 7 of this administrative regulation do not apply to landfarming facilities
permitted pursuant to 401 KAR 48:200. Landfarming facilities required to accomplish
corrective action shall comply with Section 8 of this administrative
regulation. The owner or operator shall satisfy the requirements of this
administrative regulation for all wastes (or constituents thereof) contained in
waste management units at the facility regardless of the time at which waste
was placed in such unit. Designs, reports, and plans constituting the public
practice of geology, as defined at KRS 322A.010, shall be developed by a person
registered pursuant to KRS Chapter 322A, except as provided for by KRS
322A.080.
Section 2.
Surface Water Monitoring Plan. A surface water monitoring plan as required in
Section 5 of 401 KAR 47:190 shall include:
(1) Documentation
that the applicant currently holds or has applied for a KPDES permit for all
structures that shall be used to control storm water run-off and all point
source discharges.
(2) The location
of surface water monitoring points identified on the engineering plans. The
surface water monitoring points shall be located such that the sampling shall
characterize the quality of water unaffected by the landfills and shall be
located such that the sampling shall determine if water leaving the landfill in
surface drainage is contaminated with leachate. Sampling protocol shall measure
surface water under base flow conditions that continues to drain after
storm-induced surface run-off has ceased.
(3) A schedule
and list of analytical parameters for the quarterly surface water sampling
program. The parameters to be analyzed for the water samples shall include at a
minimum: chlorides, sulfate, iron, sodium, total organic carbon or biochemical
oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, specific conductance, total suspended
solids, total dissolved solids, total solids and pH.
(4) A form to
record the results of the surface water sample analyses.
(5) Prior to the
disturbance of any areas proposed for development in a landfill permit
application, the owner shall analyze samples of the surface water points and
submit the results to the cabinet. The sampling shall include a minimum of two
(2) samples collected at no less than thirty (30) day intervals and shall be
sufficient to characterize the existing surface water quality.
Section 3.
Groundwater Quality Characterization. A groundwater characterization as
required in 401 KAR 47:180 shall contain the chemical characteristics of the
upper most aquifer down to and including the lowest aquifer that may be
affected by the site or facility. This description shall include results of
analysis of at least two (2) samples of groundwater from the site before waste
placement for the parameters listed in Section 10 of this administrative
regulation. The number of samples collected for the groundwater quality
characterization shall be consistent with the statistical method for
groundwater analysis to be performed in Section 9 of this administrative
regulation.
(1) For
facilities permitted before the effective date of this administrative
regulation, the data required by this section shall be taken beginning with the
first anniversary date of the issuance of the permit after the effective date
of this administrative regulation and shall be for the parameters listed in
Section 11 of this administrative regulation.
(2) Monitoring
wells under this section shall be designed, constructed and maintained
according to Section 6 of this administrative regulation. Sampling and analysis
shall be conducted in accordance with a plan approved by the cabinet in
accordance with the requirements of Section 7 of this administrative
regulation.
Section 4.
Groundwater Monitoring Plan. A groundwater monitoring plan as required in 401
KAR 47:190 or 401 KAR 48:200 shall include:
(1) The number,
location and depth of proposed monitoring points;
(2)
Preoperational data showing existing groundwater quality, as required in the
groundwater quality characterization in Section 3 of this administrative
regulation;
(3) A
groundwater sampling and analysis plan. The procedures, methods and techniques
shall be approved by the cabinet. The plan shall include:
(a) Procedures
and techniques designed to accurately measure groundwater quality upgradient,
and downgradient of the proposed waste disposal area;
(b) Cabinet approved
sampling methods including procedures and techniques for sample collection,
sample preservation and sample shipment;
(c) Cabinet
approved analytical procedures; and
(d) Chain of
custody control, field and laboratory quality assurance and quality control.
The procedures and methods shall be approved by the cabinet.
(4) For solid
waste sites or facilities located in karst regions the following additional
hydrogeologic information shall be required:
(a) The nature
and extent of karst drainage beneath the solid waste site or facility; and
(b) A
description of a proposed groundwater monitoring system capable of completely
and accurately monitoring groundwater contamination.
Section 5.
Design Requirements for Groundwater Monitoring Systems. The groundwater quality
monitoring system to be utilized in the groundwater monitoring plan shall
accurately analyze groundwater quality and characterize local groundwater flow
and flow systems. The system shall consist, at a minimum, of the following:
(1) At least one
(1) reference or background well at a point hydraulically upgradient from the
disposal area in the direction of increasing static head that is capable of
providing data representative of groundwater not affected by the solid waste
site or facility. When the solid waste site or facility occupies the most
upgradient position in the flow system, sufficient downgradient or side
gradient monitoring wells shall be placed to accurately characterize the
groundwater quality and regional and local groundwater flow and flow systems.
Reference wells shall be located so that they shall not be affected by
groundwater contamination from the disposal area; and
(2) At least
three (3) monitoring wells at points hydraulically connected in the direction
of decreasing static head from the area in which solid waste has been or shall
be disposed. In addition to three (3) downgradient wells, the cabinet may allow
one (1) or more springs for monitoring points if the springs are hydraulically
downgradient from the area in which solid waste has been or shall be disposed,
if the springs are sampled in a manner approved by the cabinet, and if the
springs otherwise meet the requirements of the cabinet. Downgradient monitoring
wells shall be located so that they shall provide early detection of
groundwater contamination and progressive monitoring of the phases and units of
the site or facility.
Section 6.
Requirements for Monitoring Well Construction. (1) Precautions shall be taken
during drilling and construction of monitoring wells to avoid introducing
contaminants into a borehole. Only potable water shall be used in drilling
monitoring wells unless otherwise approved by the cabinet. Drilling muds shall
not be used except with prior approval of the cabinet. Air systems and drilling
lubricants shall not introduce contaminants into the boreholes.
(2)
Decontamination of all equipment to be placed into the boring shall be
performed before use at the site and between boreholes. Where possible,
upgradient wells shall be drilled first.
(3) Monitoring
wells shall be cased as follows:
(a) To maintain
the integrity of the monitoring well borehole by isolating water bearing units
which are sampled by each well;
(b) With a
minimum casing diameter of four (4) inches unless otherwise approved by the
cabinet in writing;
(c) With screens
and appropriate gravel or sand packing where necessary, to enable collection of
samples at depths where appropriate aquifer flow zones exist;
(d) To allow the
casing to protrude at least one (1) foot above ground;
(e) To provide a
drill hole diameter that is a minimum of four (4) inches larger than the
outside diameter of the well casing;
(f) To produce
an annular space above the sampling depth that is sealed to prevent
contamination of samples and the groundwater; and
(g) If plastic
casing is used, it shall be threaded and gasket sealed to preclude potential
sample contamination from solvent welded joints, unless otherwise provided by
the cabinet in the permit.
(4) Monitoring
well casings shall be enclosed in a protective cover that shall:
(a) Be
sufficient to reliably protect the well from damage. This shall include a
protective barrier around the well;
(b) Be installed
into firm rock unless otherwise approved by the cabinet in writing;
(c) Be grouted
and placed with a cement collar below the frost line to hold it firmly in
position unless otherwise approved by the cabinet;
(d) Be numbered
and painted in a highly visible color;
(e) Protrude at
least one (1) inch higher above grade than the monitoring well casing;
(f) Have a
locked cap; and
(g) Be made of
steel or any other material of equivalent strength.
(5) Each
monitoring well shall have a concrete pad extending two (2) feet around the
well and sloped away from the well.
Section 7.
Sampling and Analysis. (1) Parameters Listing. Owners or operators of solid
waste sites or facilities that require groundwater monitoring shall conduct
sampling and analysis from each monitoring well for the parameters listed in
Section 11 of this administrative regulation.
(2) Reporting of
analysis results. Analyses of data required by this section shall be submitted
to the cabinet on a form provided by the cabinet within sixty (60) days of
sampling or fifteen (15) days after completing the statistical analysis
required by Section 9 of this administrative regulation, whichever is sooner,
unless the cabinet approves another time period in the permit. Frequency of
sampling shall be as indicated in Section 11 of this administrative regulation.
(3) If analysis
of the sample results indicates contamination as specified in Section 8(1) of
this administrative regulation, the owner or operator shall notify the cabinet
within forty-eight (48) hours of receiving the statistical analysis results
required by Section 9 of this administrative regulation and shall arrange for
the cabinet to split a sample no later than ten (10) days from the receipt of
the results.
Section 8.
Groundwater Contamination Assessment and Corrective Action. (1) The operator of
a solid waste site or facility shall be required to prepare and submit a
groundwater assessment plan if laboratory analyses of one (1) or more
monitoring wells at the site or facility shows the presence of one (1) or more
parameters listed in 40 CFR 302.4, Appendix A as of October 1988, above the
maximum containment level (MCL) as specified in 401 KAR 47:030 or significant
increase over naturally occurring background levels for parameters that have no
MCL. For parameters that have no maximum contaminant levels a significant
increase over background shall be determined using a statistical test as
specified in Section 9 of this administrative regulation.
(2) Confirmation
sampling. The owner or operator of a solid waste site or facility shall not be
required to submit an assessment plan if the following conditions are met:
(a) Within ten
(10) days after receipt of sample results showing groundwater contamination the
owner or operator resamples the affected wells; and
(b) Analysis
from resampling shows to the cabinet's satisfaction that groundwater
contamination has not occurred.
(3) The owner or
operator of a solid waste site or facility shall be required to provide
alternate water supplies to affected parties within twenty-four (24) hours of
notification of the cabinet that sample results indicate contamination of a
drinking water supply if it has been determined that the landfill is the
probable source of contamination.
(4) The
assessment plan shall be submitted to the cabinet within thirty (30) days of
the occurrence of the conditions described in subsection (1) of this section.
The assessment plan shall specify the manner in which the owner or operator
shall determine the existence, quality, quantity, areal extent and depth of
groundwater degradation, and the rate and direction of migration of
contaminants in the groundwater. The assessment plan shall be prepared by a
qualified professional and shall be implemented upon approval by the cabinet in
accordance with the approved implementation schedule. The assessment plan shall
be implemented within sixty (60) days after approval by the cabinet. The plan
shall contain, at a minimum all of the following information:
(a) The number,
location, size, casing type and depth of wells, lysimeters, borings, pits,
piezometers and other assessment structures or devices to be used;
(b) Sampling and
analytical methods for the parameters to be evaluated;
(c) Analyses of
all parameters listed in Section 10(3) of this administrative regulation and
any other parameter determined by the cabinet; and
(d) Evaluation
procedures, including the use of previously gathered groundwater quality
information, to determine the concentration, rate and extent of groundwater
degradation or pollution from the facility.
(5) For public
or private water supplies which may be adversely affected by the facility, the
owner or operator shall submit a detailed hydrogeologic study addressing the
potential effect of the site or facility on said water supply.
(6) If the
cabinet determines that the assessment plan is inadequate, it may modify the
plan and approve the plan as modified.
(7) Within
ninety (90) days after the implementation of the groundwater assessment plan,
the operator shall submit a groundwater assessment report containing the new
data collected, analysis of the data and recommendations on the necessity for
abatement.
(8) The cabinet
may require abatement measures prior to approval of the groundwater assessment
plan in the event that a determination has been made that there is an immediate
threat to human health or the environment.
(9) Within 120
days of the cabinet approval of the groundwater assessment report, but in no
event later than one (1) year from the event specified in subsection (1) of
this section, the owner or operator shall submit a remedial action plan to
include the following:
(a) The specific
methods or techniques to be used to abate groundwater contamination from the
facility;
(b) The specific
methods or techniques to be used to prevent further groundwater contamination
from the facility; and
(c) A
description of the means used to restore or replace public or private water
supplies affected by contamination from the solid waste facility.
(10) Within
fifteen (15) days of approval of the groundwater assessment report, the cabinet
shall prepare and the owner or operator shall publish a public notice in
accordance with 401 KAR 47:140, Section 7(1)(a) through (f), (3), and (4). The
public notice shall contain a brief statement summarizing the contents of the
groundwater assessment report, shall provide for a thirty (30) day public
comment period, and shall set forth a proposed public hearing date. If no
request for a public hearing is received during the thirty (30) day comment
period, the public hearing may be cancelled.
(11) The owner
or operator shall, within 120 days of approval of the groundwater corrective
action plan under subsection (9) of this section, post the financial assurance
required under 401 KAR 48:310.
(12) The owner
or operator of a solid waste site or facility shall take any other steps deemed
necessary by the cabinet to ensure protection of human health and the
environment.
(13) Corrective
action measures under this administrative regulation shall be initiated and
completed within a period of time as specified by the cabinet considering the
extent of contamination.
(14) Corrective
action measures under this administrative regulation may be terminated upon
approval of the cabinet when the owner or operator demonstrates that
concentrations have been reduced to levels below the maximum contaminant level
or naturally occurring background.
Section 9.
Statistical Methods for Groundwater Analysis. (1) The owner or operator shall
specify in the permit application one (1) of the following statistical methods
to be used in evaluating groundwater monitoring data for each parameter in
Section 11 of this administrative regulation. The statistical test chosen shall
be conducted separately for each parameter in Section 11 of this administrative
regulation in each well for each monitoring event, and the results shall be
maintained as part of the facility record throughout the operating and
postclosure life of the facility.
(a) A parametric
analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by multiple comparisons procedures to
identify statistically significant evidence of contamination. The method shall
include estimation and testing of the contrasts between each compliance well's
mean and the background mean levels for each constituent.
(b) An analysis
of variance (ANOVA) based on ranks followed by multiple comparisons procedures
to identify statistically significant evidence of contamination. The method
shall include estimation and testing of the contrasts between each compliance
well's median and the background median levels for each constituent.
(c) A tolerance
or prediction interval procedure in which an interval for each constituent is
established from the distribution of the background data, and the level of each
constituent in each compliance well is compared to the upper tolerance or
prediction limit.
(d) A control
chart approach that gives control limits for each constituent.
(e) Another
statistical method approved by the cabinet based on justification included in
the permit application that the method meets the requirements of subsection (2)
of this section.
(2) Any
statistical method chosen under subsection (1) of this section shall comply
with the following performance standards, as appropriate:
(a) The
statistical method used to evaluate groundwater monitoring data shall be
appropriate for the distribution of chemical parameters or hazardous
constituents. If the distribution of the chemical parameters or hazardous
constituents is shown by the owner or operator to be inappropriate for a normal
theory test, then the data shall be transformed or a distribution-free theory
test shall be used. If the distributions for the constituents differ, more than
one (1) statistical method may be needed.
(b) If an
individual well comparison procedure is used to compare an individual
compliance well constituent concentration with background constituent
concentrations or a groundwater protection standard, the test shall be done at
a Type I error level of no less than 0.01 for each testing period. If a
multiple comparisons procedure is used, the Type I experiment-wise error rate
for each testing period shall be no less than 0.05; however, the Type I error
of no less than 0.01 for individual well comparisons shall be maintained. This
performance standard shall not apply to tolerance intervals, prediction
intervals, or control charts.
(c) If a control
chart approach is used to evaluate groundwater monitoring data, the specific
type of control chart and its associated parameter values shall be protective
of human health and the environment. The parameters shall be determined after
considering the number of samples in the background database, the data
distribution, and the range of the concentration values for each constituent of
concern.
(d) If a
tolerance interval or a predictional interval is used to evaluate groundwater
monitoring data, the levels of confidence and, for tolerance intervals, the
percentage of the population that the interval must contain, shall be
protective of human health and the environment. These parameters shall be
determined after considering the number of samples in the background database,
the data distribution, and the range of the concentration values for each
constituent of concern.
(e) The
statistical method shall account for data below the limit of detection with one
(1) or more statistical procedures that are protective of human health and the
environment. Any practical quantitation limit that is used in the statistical
method shall be the lowest concentration level that can be reliably achieved
within specified limits of precision and accuracy during routine laboratory
operating conditions that are available to the facility.
(f) If
necessary, the statistical method shall include procedures to control or
correct for seasonal and spatial variability as well as temporal correlation in
the data.
(3) The owner or
operator shall determine whether or not there is a statistically significant
increase over background values for each parameter or constituent required in
the particular groundwater monitoring program that applies to the solid waste site
or facility.
(a) In
determining whether a statistically significant increase has occurred, the
owner or operator shall compare the groundwater quality of each parameter or
constituent at each monitoring well to the background value of that constituent,
according to the statistical procedures and performance standards specified
under subsections (1) and (2) of this section.
(b) Within
thirty (30) days after receiving sampling results, the owner or operator shall
determine whether there has been a statistically significant increase over
background at each monitoring well.
Section 10.
Groundwater Quality Characterization Parameters. For solid waste sites or
facilities that require groundwater monitoring, the following parameters are to
be analyzed for groundwater quality characterization as required in Section 2
of this administrative regulation:
(1) For all
Class II and III landfarming facilities required to monitor groundwater, the
characterization shall be based on the following parameters:
(a) Specific
conductance, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, chloride, iron,
manganese, sodium, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, chromium, cadmium,
coliform bacteria, pH, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, bicarbonate,
carbonate.
(b) Groundwater elevation
in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the wellhead
referenced to mean sea level based on a United States Geological Survey (USGS)
datum.
(2) For residual
and construction/demolition debris landfills, the characterization shall be
based on the following parameters:
(a) Chloride,
chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, specific conductance, pH, iron,
sodium, arsenic, barium, cadmium, lead, mercury, nitrate, selenium, silver, pH,
calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, bicarbonate, carbonate.
(b) Groundwater
elevations recorded as a distance from the elevation at the wellhead referenced
to mean sea level based on a United States Geological Survey (USGS) datum.
(3) For
contained landfills, the characterization shall be based on the following
parameters:
(a) Indicators:
Specific conductance, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total
organic carbon, pH, chloride, iron, manganese, sodium, bicarbonate, calcium,
sulfate, magnesium, potassium, carbonate.
(b) Hazardous
Constituents.
Systematic Name
CAS RN
Common Name
Acenaphthylene
208-96-8
Acenaphthylene
Acenaphthylene,
1,2-dihydro-
83-32-9
Acenaphthene
Acetamide,
N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-H
62-44-2
Phenacetin
Acetamide,
N-9H-fluoren-2-yl
53-96-3
2-Acetylaminofluorene;
2-AAF
Acetic acid ethenyl
ester
108-05-4
Vinyl acetate
Acetic acid
(2,4-5-trichlorophenoxy)-
93-76-5
2,4,5-T;
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Acetic acid
(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-
94-75-7
2,4-Dichlorophe
noxy-acetic acid
Acetonitrile
75-05-8
Acetonitrile; Methyl
cyanide
Aluminum
7429-90-5
Aluminum (total)
Anthracene
120-12-7
Anthracene
Antimony
7440-36-0
Antimony (total)
Aroclor 1016
12674-11-2
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
11104-28-2
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
11141-16-5
Aroclor 1232
Aroclor 1242
53469-21-9
Aroclor 1242
Aroclor 1248
12672-29-6
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
11097-69-1
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
11096-82-5
Aroclor 1260
Arsenic
7440-38-2
Arsenic (total)
Barium
7440-39-3
Barium (total)
Benz(a)anthracene,7,12,-dimethyl
57-97-6
7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene
Benz(j)aceanthrylene,
1,2-dihydro-3-Methyl
56-49-5
3-Methylcholanthrene
Benz(e)acephenanthrylene
205-99-2
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzamide,
3,5-dichloro-N-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)-
23950-58-5
Pronamide
Benz(a)anthracene
56-55-3
Benzo(a)anthracene;
Benzanthracene
Benzenamine, 2
methyl-
95-53-4
o-Toluidine
Benzenamine,
2-methyl-5-nitro
99-55-8
5-Nitro-o-toluidine
Benzenamine, 2-nitro
88-74-4
2-Nitroaniline;
o-Nitroaniline
Benzenamine, 3-nitro
99-09-2
3-Nitroaniline; m-Nitroaniline
Benzenamine,
4-chloro
106-47-8
p-Chloroaniline
Benzenamine,
4-nitro-
100-01-6
4-Nitroaniline;
p-nitroaniline
Benzenamine,
N-nitroso-N-phenyl
86-30-6
N-Nitrosodiphenylmamine
Benzenamine,
N-phenyl-
122-39-4
Diphenylamine
Benzenamine,
N,N-dimethyl-
60-11-7
p-Dimethylamino-4-(phenylazo)-azobenzene
Benzene
71-43-2
Benzene
Benzene,
1-bromo-4-phenoxy-
101-55-3
4-Bromophenyl phenyl
ether
Benzene,
1-chloro-4-phenoxy-
7005-72-3
4-Chlorophenyl
phenyl ether
Benzene, 1-methyl-2,
4-dinitro
121-14-2
2,4-Dinitrotoluene-
Benzene,
1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro-
50-29-3
DDT; 4,4'-DDT
Benzene,
1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis(4-methoxy-
72-43-5
Methoxychlor
Benzene
1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro-
72-54-8
DDD; 4,4'-DDD
Benzene
1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethenylidene)bis(4-chloro-
72-55-9
DDE; 4-4'-DDE
Benzene 1,2-dichloro
95-50-1
o-Dichlorobenzene
Benzene
1,2,4-trichloro
120-82-1
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
Benzene
1,2,4,5-tetrachloro
95-94-3
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
Benzene 1,3-dichloro-
541-73-1
M-Dichlorobenzene
Benzene, 1, 3-dintro
99-65-0
m-Dinitrobenzene
Benzene,
1,3,5-trinitro-
99-35-4
Sym-Trinitrobenze
Benzene
1,4-dichloro-
106-46-7
p-Dichlorobenzene
Benzene,
2-methyl-1,3-dinitro
606-20-2
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Benzene, chloro-
108-90-7
Chlorobenzene
Benzene, dimethyl-
*
Xylene (total)
Benzene, ethenyl-
100-42-5
Styrene
Benzene, ethyl-
100-41-4
Ethyl benzene
Benzene, hexachloro
118-74-1
Hexachlorobenzene
Benzene, methyl
108-88-3
Toluene
Benzene, nitro
98-95-3
Nitrobenzene
Benzene,
pentachloro-
606-93-5
Pentachlorobenzene
Benzene,
pentachloronitro-
82-68-8
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Benzeneacetic acid,
4-chloro-a-(4-chlorophenyl)-a-hydroxy-, ethyl ester
510-15-6
Chlorobenzilate
1,4-Benzenediamine
106-50-3
p-Phenylene-dianine
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, bis- (2-ethylhexyl)ester
117-81-7
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, butyl phenylmethyl ester
85-68-7
Butyl benzyl
phthalate; Benzyl butyl phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, dibutyl ester
84-74-2
Di-n-butyl phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, diethyl ester
84-66-2
Diethyl phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, dimethyl ester
131-11-3
Dimethyl phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, dioctyl ester
117-84-0
Di-n-octyl phthalate
Benzenemethanol
100-51-6
Benzyl alcohol
1,3-Benodioxole,
5-(1-propenyl)-
120-58-1
Isosafrole
1,3-Benzodioxole,
5-(2-propenyl)-
94-59-7
Safrole
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
207-08-9
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Benzo(ghi)perylene
191-24-2
Benzo(ghi)perylene
Benzo(a)pyrene
50-32-8
Benzo(a)pyrene
Beryllium
7440-41-7
Beryllium (total)
1,1-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine,
3,3'- dichloro-
91-94-1
3,3'-Dichloroenzidine
1,1'-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine,
3,3' dimethyl-
119-93-7
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
(1,1'-Biphenyl)-4-amine
92-67-1
4-Aminobiphenyl
1,3-Butadiene,
1,1,2,3,4,4-hexachloro-
87-68-3
Hexachlorobutadiene
1,3-Butadiene,
2-chloro-
126-99-8
2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene;
chloropene
1-Butanamine,
N-butyl-N-nitroso-
924-16-3
N-Nitrosodi-n-Butylamine
2-Butanone
78-93-3
Methyl ethyl ketone;
MEK; 2-Butanone
2-Butene,
1,4-di-chloro-, (E)-
110-57-6
trans-1,4-Di-chloro-2-butene
Cadmium (total)
7440-43-9
Cadmium
Carbamothioic acid,
bis (1-methylethyl)-, S-(2,3-dichloro-2-propenyl ester
2303-16-4
Diallate
Carbon disulfide
75-15-0
Carbon disulfide
Chromium
7440-47-3
Chromium (total)
Chrysene
218-01-9
Chrysene
Cobalt
7440-48-4
Cobalt (total)
Copper
7440-50-8
Copper (total)
Cyanide
57-12-5
Cyanide
Cyclohexane,
1,2,3,4, 5,6-hexachloro- (1a,2a,3B,4a,5B,6B)-
319-84-6
alpha-BHC
Cyclohexane,
1,2,3,4, 5,6-hexachloro-2B,3a,4B,5a,6B)-
319-85-7
beta-BHC
Cyclohexane,
1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro- (1a,2a,3a,4B,5a,6B)-
319-86-8
delta-BHC
Cyclohexane,
1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro- (1a,2a,3B,4a,5a,6B)-
58-89-9
gamma-BHC; lindane
2-Cyclohexene-1-one,3,5,5-trimethyl
78-59-1
Isophorone
1,3-Cyclopentadiene,1,2,3,4,5,
5-hexachloro-
77-47-4
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
53-70-3
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
Dibenzofuran
132-64-9
Dibenzofuran,
hexachlorodibenzofurans; penta-chlorodibenzo-furans; tetrachlorodibenzofurans.
2,7:3,6-Dimethanon-aphth
(2,3-b)oxirene,3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,
7,7a-octahydro,1aa,2B,2aa, 3B,6B,6aa,7B,7aa)-
60-57-1
Dieldrin
2,7:3,6-Dimethanon-aphth
(2,3-b)oxirene,3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,
7,7a-octahydro,1aa,2B,2aB,3a, 6a,6aB,7B,7aa)-
72-20-8
Endrin
1,4:5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene,
1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexa-hydro-,1aa, 4a,4aB,5a,8a,8aB)-
309-00-2
Aldrin
1,4:5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene,
1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexa-hydro-,1aa, 4a,4aB,5B,8B,8aB)-
465-73-6
Isodrin
1,4-Dioxane
123-91-1
1,4-Dioxane
Ethanamine,
N-ethyl-N-nitroso
55-18-5
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
Ethanamine,
N-methyl-N-nitroso
10595-95-6
N-Nitrosomethylethyl
amine
Ethane,
1,1-dichloro-
75-34-3
1,1-Dichloroethane;
ethyldidene chloride
Ethane,
1,1'-(methylenebis(oxy)) bis(2-chloro-
111-91-1
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)
methane
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis
(2-chloro-
111-44-4
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Ethane,
1,1,1-trichloro-
71-55-6
1,1,1-Trichloroethane;
Methyl chloroform
Ethane,
1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-
630-20-6
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
Ethane,
1,1,2-trichloro-
79-00-5
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Ethane,
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
79-34-5
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro
ethane
Ethane, 1,2-dibromo
106-93-4
1,2-Dibromoethane;
Ethylene dibromide; EDB
Ethane, 1,2-dichloro
107-06-2
1,2-Dichloroethane;
Ethylene dichloride
Ethane, chloro-
75-00-3
Chloroethane; Ethyl
chloride
Ethane, hexachloro-
67-72-1
Hexachloroethane
Ethane, pentachloro-
76-01-7
Pentachloroethane
1,2-Ethanediamine,N,N-dimethyl-N'-'2-pyridinyl-n'-(2-thienylmethyl)-
91-80-5
Methapyrilene
Ethanone, 1-phenyl-
98-86-2
Acetophenone
Ethene,
1,1-dichloro-
75-35-4
1,1-Dichloroethylene;
Vinylidene chloride; 1,1-Dichloroethene
Ethene,
1,2-dichloro-(e)-
156-60-5
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene;
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene
Ethene,
1,2-dichloro(z)-
156-59-2
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene;
cis-1,2-Dichloro-ethene
Ethene, chloro-
75-01-4
Vinyl chloride;
Chloroethene
Ethene, tetrachloro-
127-18-4
Tetrachloroethene;
Tetrachloroethylene; Perchloroethylene
Ethene, trichloro-
79-01-6
Trichloroethene;
Trichloroethylene
Fluoranthene
206-44-0
Fluoranthene
9H-Fluorene
86-73-7
Fluorene
2-Hexanone
591-78-6
2-Hexanone; Methyl
butyl ketone
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)
pyrene
193-39-5
Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene
Lead
7439-92-1
Lead (total)
Magnesium
7439-94-4
Magnesium (total)
Manganese
7439-96-5
Manganese (total)
Mercury
7439-97-6
Mercury (total)
Methanamine,
N-methyl-N-nitroso
62-75-9
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Methane, bromo-
74-83-9
Bromomethane
Methane,
bromochloro-
74-97-5
Bromochloromethane;
Chlorobromomethane
Methane,
bromodichloro-
75-27-4
Bromodichloromethane;
Dibromochloromethane
Methane, chloro
74-87-3
Chloromethane;
Methyl chloride
Methane, dibromo-
75-09-2
Dibromomethane;
methylene bromide
Methane,
dibromo-chloro-
124-48-1
Chlorodibromomethane
Methane, dichloro-
75-09-2
Dichloromethane,
Methylene Chloride
Methane,
Dichlorodifluoro-
75-71-8
Dichlorodifluoromethane;
CFC-12
Methane, iodo
74-88-4
Iodomethane; Methyl
iodide
Methane,
tetrachloro-
56-23-5
Carbon Tetrachloride
Methane, tribromo-
75-25-2
Tribromomethane;
Bromoform
Methane, trichloro-
67-66-3
Chloroform
Methane,
trichlorofluoro-
75-69-4
Trichloromonofluoromethane;
CFC-11
Methanesulfonic
acid, ethyl ester
62-50-0
Ethyl methanesulfonate
Methanesulfonic
acid, methyl ester
66-27-3
Methyl methane-sulfonate
4,7-Methano-1H-indene-1,2,
4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-2,3, 3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro
**
Chlordane
4,7-Methano-1H-indene-1,4,5,
6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a, 4,7,7a-tetrahydro-
76-44-8
Heptachlor
2,5-Methano-2H-indeno(1,2-b)
oxirene,2,3,4,5,6,7,7-heptachloro-1a,1b,5,5a,6, 6a-hexahydro-,(1aa,1bB,2a,
5a,5aB,6B,6aa)
1024-57-3
Heptachlor epoxide
6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzo-dioxathiepin,6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-,3-oxide,
(3a,5aB,6a,9a,9aB)
959-96-8
Endosulfan I
6,9-Methano-2,4,3-6,7,8,9,
benzo-dioxathiepin, 10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a, 6,9,9a-hexahydro-,3-oxide,
(3a,5aa,6B,9B,9aa)
33213-65-9
Endosulfan II
6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin,6,7,8,9,
10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9, 9a-hexahydro-3,3-dioxide
1031-07-8
Endosulfan sulfate
1,3,4-Methano-2H-cyclobutal
(cd)pentalen-2-one,1,1a,3,3a, 4,5,5,5a,5b,6-decachloro-octahydro-
143-50-0
Kepone
1,2,4-Methanocyclopenta(cd)
pentalene-5-carboxaldehyde,
2,2a,3,3,4,7-hexachlorodecahydro-,(1a,2B,2aB,4B,4aB,5B,6aB,6aB,7R*)
7421-93-4
Endrin aldehyde
1-Naphthalenamine
134-31-7
1-Naphthylamine
2-Naphthalenamine
91-59-8
2-Naphthylamine
Naphthalene
91-20-3
Naphthalene
Naphthalene,
2-chloro-
91-58-7
2-chloronaphthalene
Naphthalene,
2-methyl-
91-57-6
2-Methylnaphthalene
1,4-Naphthalenedione
130-15-4
1,4-Naphthoqui- None
Nickel
7440-02-0
Nickel (total)
2-Pentanone,
4-methyl-
108-10-1
4-Methyl-2-pentanone;
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Phenanthrene
85-01-8
Phenanthrene
Phenol
108-95-2
Phenol
Phenol,
2-(1-methyl-propyl)-4, 6-dinitro
88-85-7
2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitro-phenol;
Dinoseb; DNBP
Phenol, 2-chloro-
95-57-8
2-Chlorphenol
Phenol, 2-methyl-
95-48-7
ortho-Cresol;
2-methylphenol
Phenol,
2-methyl-4,6-dinitro-
34-52-1
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol;
4,6-Dinitro-2 methylphenol
Phenol, 2-nitro
88-75-5
2-Nitrophenol;
o-Nitrophenol
Phenol,
2,3,4,6-tetrachloro-
58-90-2
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol
Phenol, 2,4-dichloro
120-83-2
2,4-Dichlorophenol
Phenol,
2,4-dimethyl-
105-67-9
2,4-Dimethylphenol;
m-Xylenol
Phenol, 2,4-dinitro-
51-28-5
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Phenol, 2,4,5-trichloro
95-95-4
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
Phenol,
2,4,6-trichloro-
88-06-2
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Phenol,
2,6-dichloro-
87-65-0
2,6-Dichlorophenol
Phenol, 3 methyl-
108-39-4
m-Cresol;
3-methylphenol
Phenol,
4-chloro-3-methyl-
59-50-7
p-Chloro-m-cresol; 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol
Phenol, 4-methyl-
106-44-5
para-Cresol;
4-methylphenol
Phenol, 4-nitro
100-02-7
4-Nitrophenol;
p-Nitrophenol
Phenol, pentachloro-
87-86-5
Pentachlorophenol
Phosphorodithioic
acid, 0,0-diethyl S-((ethylthio) methyl) ester
298-02-2
Phorate
Phosphorodithioic
acid, 0,0-diethyl S-(2-(ethylthio) ethyl) ester
298-04-4
Disulfoton
Phosphorothioic
acid, 0-(4- ((dimethyl-amino)sulfonyl) phenyl)0,0-dimethyl ester
52-85-7
Famphur
Phosphorothioic
acid, 0,0-diethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl ester
56-38-2
Parathion
Phosphorothioic
acid, 0,0-diethyl 0-pyrazinyl ester
297-97-2
0,0-Diethyl 0,2-pyrazinyl
phosphorothioate; thionazin
Phosphorothioic
acid, 0,0-dimethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl) ester
298-00-0
Methyl parathion;
Parathion methyl
Phosphorodithioic
acid, 0,0-dimethyl S- (2- (methylamino)-2-oxoethyl ester
60-51-5
Dimethoate
Phosphorothioic
acid, 0,0,0-triethyl ester
126-68-1
0,0,0-Triethyl
phosphorothioate
Piperidine,
1-nitroso-
100-75-4
N-NitrosopiperIdine
1-Propanamine,
N-nitroso-N-propyl-
621-64-7
Di-n-propylnitrosamine;
N-nitrosodipropylamine, N-nitroso-N-dipropylamine
Propane,
1,2-dibromo-3-chloro
96-12-8
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane;
DBCP
Propane,
1,2-dichloro-
78-87-5
1,2-Dichloropropane;
Propylene dichloride
Propane,
1,3-dichloro-
142-28-9
1,3-Dichloropropane;
Trimethylene dichloride
Propane,
1,2,3-trichloro-
96-18-4
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Propane,
2,2-dichloro-
594-20-7
2,2-Dichloropropane;
Isopropylidene chloride
Propane, 2,2'-oxybis
(1-chloro-
108-60-1
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)
ether; Bis-(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether; 2,2'-Dichlorodi-isopropyl ether;
DCIP
Propanenitrile
107-12-0
Ethyl cyanide; Propionitrile
Propanoic acid,
2-(2,4,5-trichloro-phenoxy)-
93-72-1
Silvex; 2,4,5-TP
1-Propanol,
2-methyl-
78-83-1
Isobutyl alcohol
2-Propanone
67-64-1
Acetone
2-Propenal
107-02-8
Acrolein
1-Propene,
1,1-dichloro-
563-58-6
1,1-Dichloropropene
1-Propene,
1,1,2,3,3, 3,-hexachloro-
1888-71-7
Hexachloropropene
1-Propene,
1,3-dichloro-, (E)-
10061-02-6
trans-1,3-Di-chloropropene
1-Propene, 1,3-dichloro-,
(Z)-
10061-01-5
cis-1,3-Dichloropropene
1-Propene, 3-chloro-
107-05-1
3-Chloropropene; Allyl
chloride
2-Propenenitrile,2-methyl
126-98-7
Methacrylontrile
2-Propenenitrile
107-13-1
Acrylonitrile
2-Propenoic acid,
2-methl-, methyl ester
80-62-6
Methyl methacrylate
Pyrene
129-00-0
Pyrene
Pyrrolidine,
1-nitroso-
930-55-2
N-nitrosopyrrolidine
Selenium
7782-49-2
Selenium (total)
Silver
7440-22-4
Silver (total)
Sulfide
18496-25-8
Sulfide
Thallium
7440-28-0
Thallium (total)
Tin
7440-31-5
Tin (total)
Toxaphene
8001-35-2
Toxaphene
Vanadium
7440-62-2
Vanadium (total)
Zinc
7440-66-6
Zinc (total)
*Xylene(total):
This entry includes o-xylene (CAS RN 96-47-6), m-xylene (CAS RN 108-38-3),
p-xylene (CAS RN 106-42-3), and unspecified xylenes (dimethylbenzenes) (CAS RN
1330-20-7).
**Chlordane:
This entry includes alpha-chlordane (CAS RN 5103-71-9), beta-chlordane (CAS RN
5103-74-2), gamma chlordane (CAS RN 5566-34-7), and constituents of chlordane
(CAS RN 57-74-9 and CAS RN 12789-03-06).
(c) Groundwater
elevations in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the
wellhead referenced to mean sea level based on a United States Geological
Survey datum.
(4) For residual
landfills this characterization shall include parameters approved by the
cabinet based upon the chemical analysis of the waste.
(5) For other
sites or facilities the characterization shall be for parameters determined by
the cabinet.
Section 11.
Groundwater Monitoring Parameters. (1)(a) Operators of Class II and Class III
landfarming facilities requiring groundwater monitoring shall monitor for the
following parameters on a semiannual basis: temperature, chemical oxygen
demand, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, lead, chromium,
cadmium, coliform bacteria;
(b) Groundwater
elevations in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the
wellhead referenced to mean sea level based on a USGS datum; and
(c) Other
parameters as approved by the cabinet based on the waste analysis.
(2) Operators of
residual and construction/demolition debris landfills shall monitor
semiannually for the following:
(a) Temperature,
chloride, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total organic carbon,
specific conductance, pH, iron, sodium;
(b) Arsenic,
barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, nitrate, selenium;
(c) Groundwater
elevations in monitoring wells recorded as a distance from the elevation at the
wellhead referenced to mean sea level based on a USGS datum;
(d) Other
parameters as approved by the cabinet based on the waste analysis; and
(e) If after
four (4) consecutive quarterly monitoring periods, analysis for the parameters
in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this subsection indicates no exceedances above
levels specified in Section 8(1) of this administrative regulation, the owner
or operator may, upon request, be granted permission from the cabinet to reduce
the monitoring parameters to those listed in paragraph (a) of this subsection.
(3) Operators of
contained landfills shall be required to monitor quarterly for the following
parameters:
(a) Temperature,
chloride, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total organic carbon,
specific conductance, pH, total organic halides, antimony, arsenic, barium,
beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel,
nitrate, selenium, silver, sodium, thallium, vanadium, and zinc;
(b) Acetone;
acrolein; acrylonitrile; benzene; bromochloromethane; bromodichloromethane;
bromoform (tribromomethane); bromomethane (methyl bromide); 2-butanone (methyl
ethyl ketone); carbon disulfide; carbon tetrachloride; chlorobenzene;
chlorodibromomethane (dibromochloromethane); chloroethane (ethyl chloride);
2-chloroethyl vinyl ether; chloroform (trichloromethane); chloromethane (methyl
chloride); dibromomethane (methylene bromide); 1,2-dibromo-3-chloro-propane
(DBCP); 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide, EDB); 1,2-dichlorobenzene
(o-dichlorobenzene); 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene);
trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene; dichlorodifluoromethane; 1,1-dichloroethane
(ethylidene chloride); 1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride);
cis-1,3-dichloropropene; trans-1,3-dichloropropene; ethanol; ethylbenzene;
ethyl methacrylate; 2-hexanone (methyl butyl ketone); iodomethane (methyl
iodide); methylene chloride (dichloromethane); 4-methyl-2-pentanone (methyl
isobutyl ketone); 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1-dichloroethylene, vinylidene
chloride); cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-dichloroethylene);
trans-1,2-dichloroethene (trans-1,2-dichloroethylene); 1,2-dichloropropane
(propylene dichloride); styrene; 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane;
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene,
perchloroethylene); toluene; 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform);
1,1,2-trichloroethane; trichloroethene (trichloroethylene);
trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11); 1,2,3-trichloropropane; vinyl acetate; vinyl
chloride; xylene;
(c) Groundwater
elevations recorded as a distance from the elevation at the wellhead referenced
to mean sea level based on a United States Geologic Survey datum;
(d) Determine
the rate and direction of groundwater flow each time groundwater is sampled;
(e) Other
parameters as approved by the cabinet based on the waste analysis; and
(f) If after
four (4) consecutive quarterly monitoring periods, analysis for the parameters
in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection indicates no exceedances above the
levels specified in Section 8(1) of this administrative regulation, the owner
or operator may obtain permission from the cabinet to reduce the sampling
program to annual sampling for parameters in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this
subsection while sampling quarterly for the following:
1. Temperature;
2. Chloride;
3. Chemical
oxygen demand;
4. Total
dissolved solids;
5. Total organic
carbon;
6. Specific
conductance;
7. pH;
8. Iron;
9. Sodium; and
10. Total
organic halides.
(4) Operators of
residual landfills shall monitor quarterly for parameters to be determined by
the cabinet based upon chemical analysis of the waste to be disposed.
(5) Other solid
waste sites or facilities shall monitor for parameters and at a frequency
determined by the cabinet. (16 Ky.R. 1798; Am. 2229; 2391; eff. 5-8-90; 21
Ky.R. 506; 1104; eff. 11-7-94.)