Statutory Instruments
2014 No. 1663

Health And Safety
The Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 2014

Made
23rd June 2014

Laid before Parliament
30th June 2014

Coming into force
1st October 2014

The Secretary of State has been designated for the purposes of section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972(1) in relation to the control and regulation of genetically modified organisms(2).
The Secretary of State makes these Regulations in exercise of the powers conferred by section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972 and by sections 15(1), (2), (3)(b) and (5)(b), 52(2) and (3) and 82(3)(a) of, and paragraphs 1(1)(b) and (c), (2), (4) and (5), 3, 4(1), 5, 6, 8(2), 9, 11, 13(1) and (3), 14, 15(1), 16, 17 and 20 of Schedule 3 to, the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974(3) (“the 1974 Act”).
These Regulations give effect without modification to proposals submitted to the Secretary of State by the Health and Safety Executive under section 11(3)(4) of the 1974 Act.

Before submitting those proposals to the Secretary of State, the Health and Safety Executive consulted the bodies that appeared to it to be appropriate, as required by section 50(3)(5) of the 1974 Act.

PART 1Interpretation and General

Citation and commencement

1.  These Regulations may be cited as the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 2014 and come into force on 1st October 2014.

Interpretation

2.—(1) In these Regulations—

“the 1974 Act” means the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974;

“the 2000 Regulations” means the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 2000(6);

“accident” means an incident involving a significant and unintended release of genetically modified organisms in the course of a contained use which presents an immediate or delayed hazard to human health or to the environment;

“class” in relation to a contained use involving micro-organisms, means one of the four classes set out in Schedule 1;

“competent authority” means, in relation to premises situated in, or contained use taking place in—

(a)
England and Wales, the Secretary of State and the Executive, acting jointly; or

(b)
Scotland, the Scottish Ministers and the Executive, acting jointly,

and the expressions “competent authority as regards England and Wales” and “competent authority as regards Scotland” are to be construed accordingly;

“contained use” means an activity in which organisms are genetically modified or in which genetically modified organisms are cultured, stored, transported, destroyed, disposed of or used in any other way and for which physical, chemical or biological barriers, or any combination of such barriers, are used to limit their contact with, and to provide a high level of protection for, humans and the environment;

“emergency plan” means a plan required by regulation 21;

“emergency services” means the police, fire and ambulance services;

“genetic modification” in relation to an organism means the altering of the genetic material in that organism in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination (or both) and within the terms of this definition—

(a)
genetic modification occurs at least through the use of the techniques listed in Part 1 of Schedule 2; and

(b)
the techniques set out in Part 2 of Schedule 2 are not considered to result in genetic modification,

and “genetically modified” is to be construed accordingly;

“joint competent authority” means the competent authority as regards England and Wales and the competent authority as regards Scotland acting jointly;

“larger GMO” means an organism which is genetically modified or is the subject of genetic modification which is not a micro-organism;

“micro-organism” means a microbiological entity, cellular or non-cellular, capable of replication or of transferring genetic material, and includes a virus, a viroid, and an animal or plant cell in culture;

“notifier” means, except in regulation 14, the person who submits or has submitted a notification to the competent authority under regulation 9(2), 10(2), 11(2), 12(2) or 33(3);

“organism” means a biological entity capable of replication or of transferring genetic material and includes a micro-organism, but does not include a human, human embryo or human admixed embryo and for the purposes of this definition—

(a)
“human admixed embryo” has the same meaning as in the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990(7) by virtue of section 4A(6) and (11) of that Act; and

(b)
“human embryo” has the same meaning as “embryo” in the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (apart from section 4A) by virtue of section 1(1) and (6) of that Act;

“person responsible for contained use” or “person responsible for the contained use” means—

(a)
a person who has the authority to determine whether a particular contained use takes place; or

(b)
a person who has control of the planning or conduct (or both) of that contained use,

and there may be more than one person responsible for the same contained use;

“premises” means both single buildings and a site made up of more than one building;

“risk assessment” means, in the context of contained use involving—

(a)
genetically modified micro-organisms, an assessment carried out as required by regulation 5(1); or

(b)
larger GMOs, an assessment carried out as required by regulation 6(1);

“transboundary movement” has the meaning assigned to it by Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1946/2003 of the European Parliament and the Council on transboundary movements of genetically modified organisms(8);

“user” means a person who undertakes or proposes to undertake a contained use;

“working day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday, Christmas Day or Good Friday, or a bank holiday specified in Schedule 1 to the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971(9).

(2) A reference in these Regulations to the competent authority is to be construed as a reference to the joint competent authority in relation to premises or contained use where the relevant notification is required to be submitted to the joint competent authority in accordance with regulation 9(5) or 13(1).

(3) In these Regulations—

(a)a reference to an appropriate containment level is a reference to the containment level assigned to a contained use involving micro-organisms in accordance with paragraphs 3(i) and 4 of Part 2 of Schedule 3;

(b)any reference to a contained use in a numbered class is a reference to a contained use involving micro-organisms which has been classified as belonging to the class of that number in accordance with paragraph 3(j) and (k) of Part 2 of Schedule 3.

(4) The measures in—

(a)Part 2 of Schedule 8 are to be applied in accordance with Part 1 of that Schedule; and

(b)Tables 1a, 1b and 1c in Part 2 of Schedule 8 are to be applied in accordance with the notes set out at the end of the table in question.

Application

3.—(1) These Regulations (except regulation 18) do not apply to the genetic modification of organisms solely by any of the techniques referred to in Part 3 of Schedule 2 nor to any organisms so modified.

(2) These Regulations do not apply to any activity in which—

(a)genetically modified organisms are cultured, stored, transported, destroyed, disposed of or used, where such organisms are, or are contained in, a product marketed in accordance with—

(i)the consent of any of the following granted under section 111(1) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990(10)—

(aa)the Secretary of State;

(bb)the Scottish Ministers, as regards Scotland;

(cc)the Welsh Ministers, as regards Wales;

(ii)a consent granted by the Northern Ireland Department of the Environment under article 8(1) of the Genetically Modified Organisms (Northern Ireland) Order 1991(11);

(iii)a written consent given by the competent authority of an EEA state in accordance with Article 15(3), 17(6), or 18(2) of Directive (EC) No 2001/18 of the European Parliament and the Council on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms(12),

and, in each case, that activity is conducted in accordance with any conditions or limitations attached to that consent;

(b)genetically modified organisms are cultured, stored, transported, destroyed, disposed of or used, where such organisms are, or are contained in—

(i)a medicinal product for human or veterinary use marketed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 of the European Parliament and the Council laying down Community procedures for the authorisation and supervision of medicinal products for human and veterinary use and establishing a European Medicines Agency(13);

(ii)food or feed authorised in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and the Council on genetically modified food and feed(14); or

(iii)food products notified to the Commission in accordance with the provisions of Article 8.1, or feed products notified to the Commission in accordance with the provisions of Article 20.1, of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and the Council;

(c)genetically modified organisms are released or marketed in cases or circumstances in which—

(i)the consent of any of the following is required under section 111(1) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990—

(aa)the Secretary of State;

(bb)the Scottish Ministers, as regards Scotland;

(cc)the Welsh Ministers, as regards Wales; or

(ii)the consent of the Northern Ireland Department of the Environment is required under article 8(1) of the Genetically Modified Organisms (Northern Ireland) Order 1991.

(3) Regulations 7, 9 to 17, 18(2) and (4), 19, 20, and 23 to 25 do not apply to the transport of genetically modified organisms by road, rail, inland waterway, sea or air.

(4) Regulation 5 applies to the transport of genetically modified organisms by road, rail, inland waterway, sea or air, except that, in making the assessment required by regulation 5(1), the person undertaking that assessment is not required to include the steps set out in paragraph 3(i) to (k) of Part 2 of Schedule 3.

(5) These Regulations do not extend to Northern Ireland.

(6) In this regulation, “product” means a product consisting of, or containing, a genetically modified organism or a combination of genetically modified organisms.

Meaning of “work” and “at work” and modification of the 1974 Act

4.—(1) For the purpose of these Regulations and Part 1 of the 1974 Act, the meaning of “work” is extended to include any contained use and the meaning of “at work” is extended accordingly.

(2) Sections 2(1), (2) and (3) and 7 of the 1974 Act are modified in relation to contained use as follows—

(a)those sections have effect as if a reference to—

(i)an employer includes a reference to an educational establishment providing a course of study; and

(ii)an employee includes a reference to a student undertaking contained use in that educational establishment to the extent that the contained use is under the control of that educational establishment.

(3) Section 3(2) of the 1974 Act is modified in relation to contained use so as to have effect as if the reference in that section—

(a)to a self-employed person were a reference to any person (except a student) undertaking contained use who is not an employer or an employee; and

(b)to that person’s undertaking includes a reference to that contained use.

(4) In this regulation—

“educational establishment” means a university, college, school or similar educational or technical institute; and

“student” means any person studying at an educational establishment.

PART 2Risk Assessment and Notification of Contained Use

Risk assessment of contained use involving micro-organisms

5.—(1) Before any contained use involving micro-organisms is commenced, a person responsible for the contained use must ensure that a suitable and sufficient assessment of the risks to human health and the environment created by the contained use is carried out.

(2) The assessment required by paragraph (1) must take into account the matters set out in Part 1, and include the steps set out in Part 2, of Schedule 3.

Risk assessment of contained use involving larger GMOs

6.—(1) Before any contained use involving larger GMOs is commenced, a person responsible for the contained use must ensure that a suitable and sufficient assessment of the risks to human health created by the contained use is carried out.

(2) The assessment required by paragraph (1) must take into account the matters set out in Part 1, and include the steps set out in Part 2, of Schedule 4.

Review and recording of risk assessments

7.—(1) A person responsible for contained use must ensure that the risk assessment is reviewed immediately where—

(a)there is reason to suspect that the risk assessment is no longer valid; or

(b)there has been a significant change in the contained use to which the risk assessment relates.

(2) A person responsible for contained use must—

(a)keep a record of the risk assessment and any review of the risk assessment, for at least 10 years from the date the contained use stops; and

(b)make the record available to the competent authority when requested to do so.

Advice from a genetic modification safety committee

8.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), a person responsible for contained use must obtain advice on a risk assessment from either—

(a)a person; or

(b)a genetic modification safety committee,

with expertise in risk assessment relating to contained use.

(2) Where the risk assessment indicates that the contained use is classified as class 2 or above the advice must be obtained from a genetic modification safety committee.

Notification of premises to be used for contained use

9.—(1) A user must not use premises for contained use unless the premises have been notified to the competent authority in accordance with this regulation.

(2) Before premises are used for contained use for the first time, a person responsible for the contained use must—

(a)submit a notification to the competent authority containing the information specified in Schedule 5; and

(b)have received an acknowledgement of receipt of the notification from the Executive.

(3) The Executive must send an acknowledgement of receipt to the notifier within 10 working days of the competent authority receiving the notification.

(4) A single notification may include more than one premises.

(5) Where a notification includes more than one premises and at least one of those premises is situated in England or Wales and at least one of those premises is situated in Scotland the notification must be submitted to the joint competent authority.

(6) The notifier must nominate one address which is to be the principal address for the purposes of a notification under paragraph (4) or (5).

Notification of class 2 contained use

10.—(1) A user must not undertake a contained use involving micro-organisms classified as class 2 unless the provisions of this regulation have been complied with.

(2) A person responsible for the contained use must submit a notification to the competent authority containing the information specified in Schedule 6.

(3) The Executive must send an acknowledgement of receipt to the notifier within 10 working days of the competent authority receiving the notification.

(4) Where the premises in the notification have not previously been notified for class 2 or a higher class of contained use, a user may undertake the class 2 contained use if—

(a)45 days have elapsed since the acknowledgement of receipt was received, provided that the competent authority has not informed the notifier that the class 2 contained use may not be undertaken; or

(b)the competent authority has agreed in writing that the class 2 contained use may commence sooner.

(5) Where the premises in the notification have—

(a)previously been notified for class 2 contained use; or

(b)already been granted consent for class 3 or class 4 contained use,

a user may undertake the class 2 contained use if the notifier has received the acknowledgement of receipt.

(6) Where a notifier submits a notification for a class 2 contained use which is to be undertaken for the second or subsequent time at the premises in the notification, the notifier may request that the competent authority provide a written agreement that the contained use may be undertaken.

(7) The competent authority must make a decision and, if they agree, provide the written agreement requested under paragraph (6), within 45 days of the date on which the acknowledgement of receipt was sent to the notifier.

Notification of class 3 or class 4 contained use

11.—(1) A user must not undertake a contained use involving micro-organisms classified as class 3 or class 4 unless written consent for that contained use has been granted by the competent authority.

(2) A person responsible for the contained use must submit a notification to the competent authority containing the information specified in Schedule 6.

(3) The Executive must send an acknowledgement of receipt to the notifier within 10 working days of the competent authority receiving the notification.

(4) Where the premises in the notification have not previously been notified for class 3 or class 4 contained use, the competent authority must inform the notifier, in writing, of its decision to grant or refuse consent for the class 3 or class 4 contained use, within 90 days of the date on which the acknowledgement of receipt was sent to the notifier.

(5) Where the premises in the notification have previously been notified for class 3 or class 4 contained use and all relevant conditions of existing consents have been complied with, the competent authority must inform the notifier, in writing, of its decision to grant or refuse consent for the class 3 or class 4 contained use, within 45 days of the date on which the acknowledgement of receipt was sent to the notifier.

(6) Before granting consent, the competent authority must ensure that an emergency plan has been prepared where the risk assessment shows an emergency plan is required.

(7) Before deciding whether to grant or refuse consent, the competent authority must take into account any representations made to it by any person within 30 days of the date on which the acknowledgement of receipt was sent to the notifier.

(8) A consent granted under this regulation may be granted subject to conditions.

Notification of contained use involving larger GMOs

12.—(1) A user must not undertake a contained use involving larger GMOs unless the provisions of this regulation have been complied with.

(2) A person responsible for the contained use must submit a notification to the competent authority containing the information specified in Schedule 6.

(3) The Executive must send an acknowledgement of receipt to the notifier within 10 working days of the competent authority receiving the notification.

(4) A user may undertake the contained use if—

(a)45 days have elapsed since the acknowledgement of receipt was received, provided that the competent authority has not informed the notifier that the contained use may not be undertaken; or

(b)the competent authority has agreed in writing that the contained use may commence sooner.

(5) This regulation does not apply to a contained use which results in a larger GMO that poses no greater risk to humans than its unmodified parental organism.

Single notifications to the joint competent authority and for connected programmes of work

13.—(1) Where a notification is required under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2) in respect of a contained use which is to take place in premises that fall within regulation 9(5) the notifier must submit the notification for that contained use to the joint competent authority.

(2) A competent authority, or where paragraph (1) applies the joint competent authority, may accept a single notification submitted under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2) in respect of a connected programme of work undertaken at—

(a)one premises; or

(b)more than one premises.

(3) A competent authority, or where paragraph (1) applies the joint competent authority, may accept a single notification submitted under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2) in respect of a single contained use undertaken at more than one premises.

(4) In this regulation—

“connected programme of work” means a series of activities involving contained use which form a coherent and integrated programme.

Changes of circumstances relating to notifications

14.—(1) Full details in writing must be sent immediately to the competent authority of—

(a)any change in the information specified in paragraph (a), (d) or (e) of Schedule 5 in relation to premises previously notified in accordance with regulation 9(2);

(b)any new building—

(i)added to premises previously notified in accordance with regulation 9(2); and

(ii)under the notifier’s control;

(c)premises notified under regulation 9(2) that will no longer be used for contained use;

(d)any cessation, for the time being, of all contained use at premises notified under regulation 9(2);

(e)any cessation of a contained use notified in accordance with regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2);

(f)any recommencement of contained use at premises in respect of which the notifier had previously given details of a cessation under sub-paragraph (d);

(g)any use of additional premises in connection with a single contained use where a single notification for that contained use was accepted by the competent authority under regulation 13(3);

(h)any change in the information specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of Schedule 5 as provided by the original notifier in accordance with regulation 9(2);

(i)any change in the information specified in paragraph (c) or (d) of Schedule 6 as provided by the original notifier in accordance with regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2).

(2) Where—

(a)a notifier has informed the competent authority of additional premises under paragraph (1)(g); and

(b)that information, taken together with the notification for that single contained use accepted under regulation 13(3), provides all the information required for notification of those premises under regulation 9(2),

the provision of that information will be treated as notification of those premises for the purposes of regulation 9(2).

(3) The details required by paragraph (1) must be provided by—

(a)the original notifier;

(b)a person responsible for the premises notified under regulation 9(2); or

(c)a person responsible for the contained use notified under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2).

(4) In this regulation—

“notifier” means the person who sends the details required by paragraph (1) to the competent authority; and

“original notifier” means the person who submitted the notification of the premises under regulation 9(2) or the contained use under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2).

Duty to notify significant changes affecting risks

15.—(1) Where, after submitting a notification, a notifier—

(a)makes a change in the premises or the contained use to which the notification relates which may have significant consequences for the risks arising from the contained use; or

(b)becomes aware of any new information which may have significant consequences for the risks arising from the contained use,

the notifier must immediately send to the competent authority full details in writing of the change or the new information.

(2) As long as the change or new information does not affect the class of the contained use, the notifier need not submit a further notification under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2), and the change or new information will be treated as a modification of the original notification.

Action of notifier and user on receipt of request for additional information

16.—(1) If additional information relating to a notification is requested by the Executive under regulation 24(1), a user must not commence the contained use that is the subject of the notification until the competent authority has given its approval in writing.

(2) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), if the contained use has commenced before the Executive requests additional information, a user may not continue the contained use until the competent authority has given its approval in writing.

(3) The Executive may give the notifier instructions concerning the cessation of the contained use and the notifier and any user undertaking the contained use must comply with the instructions.

(4) Subject to any instructions, the notifier or user may continue the contained use only to the extent necessary to store or destroy all genetically modified organisms resulting from the contained use.

Withdrawal of notification

17.  A notifier may withdraw a notification by giving written notice to the competent authority, provided that the contained use to which the notification related has not commenced.

PART 3Conduct of Contained Use

Principles of occupational and environmental safety

18.—(1) A user who undertakes a contained use involving micro-organisms must ensure that the risks to human health and the environment arising from the contained use are reduced to the lowest level that is reasonably practicable.

(2) The measures to be taken in order to comply with the duty under paragraph (1) must include the general principles of good microbiological practice and of good occupational safety and hygiene set out in Schedule 7.

(3) A user who undertakes a contained use involving larger GMOs must ensure that the risks to human health arising from the contained use are reduced to the lowest level that is reasonably practicable.

(4) For contained use involving larger GMOs, the general principles set out in Schedule 7 must be applied to the extent that they are appropriate.

Containment and control measures for contained use involving micro-organisms

19.—(1) A user who undertakes a contained use involving micro-organisms must apply the containment measures set out in the applicable table in Part 2 of Schedule 8, where and to the extent required in the column of the appropriate containment level.

(2) A user need not apply a containment measure required for the appropriate containment level where—

(a)the risk assessment, or any review of the risk assessment, shows that the containment measure is not necessary or practicable for a specific activity;

(b)the notifier of the contained use has provided justification in writing to the competent authority; and

(c)the notifier has received the written agreement of the competent authority that the containment measure need not be applied.

(3) A person responsible for the contained use must review the containment measures applied—

(a)at suitably regular intervals; and

(b)immediately, if that person suspects that—

(i)the containment measures are no longer adequate;

(ii)the class assigned to the contained use in the risk assessment is no longer appropriate; or

(iii)in the light of new scientific or technical knowledge, the risk assessment is no longer valid.

Containment and control measures for contained use involving larger GMOs

20.—(1) A user who undertakes a contained use involving larger GMOs must apply the containment measures selected in the risk assessment for the contained use.

(2) A person responsible for the contained use must review the containment measures applied—

(a)at suitably regular intervals; and

(b)immediately, if that person suspects that—

(i)the containment measures are no longer adequate; or

(ii)in the light of new scientific or technical knowledge, the risk assessment is no longer valid.

Emergency plans

21.—(1) Where an assessment carried out under regulation 5(1) shows that, as a result of any reasonably foreseeable accident—

(a)the health or safety of persons outside the premises in which the contained use is undertaken is liable to be seriously affected; or

(b)there is a risk of serious damage to the environment from the contained use,

a person responsible for the contained use must ensure that, before the contained use commences, a suitable emergency plan is prepared with a view to securing the health and safety of those persons or the protection of the environment or both.

(2) Where an assessment carried out under regulation 6(1) shows that, as a result of any reasonably foreseeable accident, the health or safety of persons outside the premises in which the contained use is undertaken is liable to be seriously affected, a person responsible for the contained use must ensure that, before the contained use commences, a suitable emergency plan is prepared with a view to securing the health and safety of those persons.

(3) An emergency plan must—

(a)include the measures to be taken in the event of an accident to which the plan relates; and

(b)be reviewed and, where necessary, revised at suitably regular intervals.

(4) A person responsible for the contained use which is the subject of an emergency plan must—

(a)inform the emergency services, and any body or authority liable to be affected by an accident to which the plan relates, of the contents of the plan and of any relevant revisions; and

(b)make information about the plan and any such revisions publicly available.

Information relating to accidents

22.  If an accident occurs, a person responsible for the contained use must immediately inform the competent authority of the accident and must provide the following information—

(a)the circumstances of the accident;

(b)the identity and quantity of the genetically modified organisms concerned;

(c)any information necessary to assess the effects of the accident on the health of the general population and, in the case of a genetically modified micro-organism, on the environment; and

(d)any measures taken in response to the accident.

PART 4Duties and Powers of the Competent Authority

Duties of competent authority on receiving a notification

23.  The competent authority must examine a notification and accompanying documentation submitted under regulation 9(2), 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2) for—

(a)conformity with the requirements of these Regulations;

(b)the accuracy and completeness of the information provided;

(c)the adequacy and correctness of the risk assessment or summary of the risk assessment;

(d)the adequacy of the waste management and emergency response measures;

(e)in the case of a notification submitted under regulation 10(2) or 11(2), the correctness of the class assigned to the contained use; and

(f)the inclusion of an emergency plan where the risk assessment indicates that such a plan is necessary.

Requests for additional information

24.—(1) For the purpose of carrying out an examination of a notification in accordance with regulation 23 the Executive may, on behalf of the competent authority, request the notifier to provide such additional information relating to the notification as it may specify.

(2) If requested to do so by the Secretary of State or the Scottish Ministers, the Executive must request additional information under paragraph (1).

(3) A request for additional information must be made in writing.

(4) The Executive must send an acknowledgement of receipt to the notifier within 10 working days of receipt of all of the additional information.

(5) The period of time beginning with the date on which the Executive requests additional information and ending with the date on which the Executive receives all of that additional information will not be taken into account in calculating the period of days referred to in regulation 10(4), 10(7), 11(4), 11(5) or 12(4).

(6) The competent authority may return a notification to the notifier where—

(a)the Executive has requested additional information;

(b)the notifier has not provided all the additional information requested within six months of the date on which the Executive sent the request; and

(i)contained use has not commenced at the premises to which a notification made under regulation 9(2) relates; or

(ii)the contained use referred to in the notification has not commenced.

Powers of competent authority in relation to contained use

25.  The competent authority may at any time by notice in writing to a notifier—

(a)set a time limit for, or impose conditions with regard to, a particular contained use;

(b)require the notifier and any user to suspend, terminate or not to commence a particular contained use;

(c)revoke or vary a consent granted to the notifier under regulation 11,

and the notifier and any user undertaking the contained use must comply with that notice.

Exemption certificates

26.—(1) A competent authority may, by a certificate in writing, exempt—

(a)any person or class of persons; or

(b)any genetically modified organism or class of genetically modified organisms,

from all or any of the requirements of, or prohibitions imposed by, these Regulations.

(2) An exemption may be granted subject to conditions and to a time limit and may be revoked by a certificate in writing at any time.

(3) A competent authority must not grant an exemption unless, having regard to the circumstances of the case and in particular to—

(a)the conditions, if any, that it proposes to attach to the exemption; and

(b)any relevant requirements imposed by or under any enactments,

it is satisfied about the matters referred to in paragraph (4).

(4) The matters are—

(a)that the health or safety of persons who are likely to be affected by the exemption will not be prejudiced in consequence of it; and

(b)where the exemption relates to a contained use involving a micro-organism, that the environment will not be prejudiced in consequence of the exemption.

Duties of competent authority on receipt of information about accidents

27.  Where the competent authority is informed of an accident in accordance with regulation 22, it must—

(a)ensure that any necessary measures are taken;

(b)immediately inform those EEA states which could be affected by the accident;

(c)collect, where possible, the information necessary for a full analysis of the accident and, where appropriate, make recommendations to avoid similar accidents in the future and to limit their effects; and

(d)send to the European Commission—

(i)the information provided under regulation 22(a), (b) and (d);

(ii)information on the effectiveness of the measures taken in response to the accident; and

(iii)an analysis of the accident, including recommendations to limit its effects and to avoid similar accidents in the future.

Register of notifications

28.—(1) This regulation is subject to regulation 29.

(2) The competent authority must maintain a register of every notification submitted under regulations 9 to 12.

(3) Subject to paragraph (4) the register must contain—

(a)in relation to each notification submitted under regulation 9(2), 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2)—

(i)the name, address and telephone number and any fax number and any e-mail address of the notifier;

(ii)the date on which the Executive acknowledged receipt of the notification; and

(iii)where the competent authority receives details of a matter referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) to (g) of regulation 14(1), or in regulation 15(1), confirmation that such details have been received;

(b)in relation to each notification submitted under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2), the date of any cessation of the contained use to which the notification related;

(c)in relation to each notification submitted under regulation 9(2)—

(i)the information specified in paragraphs (d) to (g) and (h)(ii) and (iii) of Schedule 5;

(ii)if applicable, the fact that the competent authority has been informed of an accident at those premises under regulation 22;

(d)in relation to each notification submitted under regulation 10(2), the information specified in paragraphs (e) to (k) and (m)(i) and (ii) of Schedule 6;

(e)in relation to each notification submitted under regulation 11(2)—

(i)the information specified in paragraphs (e) to (j), (1), (m)(i),(iii) and (iv) and (r) of Schedule 6;

(ii)if applicable, confirmation that consent for the contained use has been granted under regulation 11(4) or 11(5);

(f)in relation to each notification submitted under regulation 12(2), the information specified in paragraphs (e) to (j) and (m)(i) of Schedule 6.

(4) The competent authority must omit information from the register where—

(a)the information falls within one of the exceptions to disclosure in—

(i)regulation 12(5) or 13(1) of the Environmental Information Regulations 2004(15); or

(ii)regulation 10(5) or 11(1) of the Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations 2004(16);

(b)the notifier has requested that the competent authority treat the information as confidential; and

(c)the competent authority has decided that the information is to be kept confidential.

(5) The competent authority may not keep the following information confidential if it was submitted in accordance with the requirements of regulation 9(2), 10(2) or 11(2)—

(a)the general characteristics of any genetically modified micro-organisms, the name and address of the notifier, and the location of use;

(b)the class of contained use and the containment measures;

(c)the evaluation of foreseeable effects, in particular any harmful effects on human health and the environment.

(6) Information must be entered in the register within 14 days of its receipt by the competent authority.

(7) The competent authority may remove from the register details of—

(a)premises which are no longer used for contained use, ten years after being informed of this under regulation 14(1)(c);

(b)premises where all contained use has ceased for the time being, ten years after being informed of this under regulation 14(1)(d), provided that no notice of recommencement under regulation 14(1)(f) has been received;

(c)a contained use that has ceased, ten years after being informed of this under regulation 14(1)(e).

(8) A copy of the register must be made available for inspection to members of the public by the Executive, by such means as it considers appropriate, which may include publication on its website.

Information not to be included in the register

29.—(1) No information may be included in the register if and so long as, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, the inclusion in the register of that information, or information of that description, would be contrary to the interests of national security.

(2) For the purpose of securing the exclusion from the register of information to which paragraph (1) applies, the Secretary of State may give the competent authority directions—

(a)specifying information, or descriptions of information, to be excluded from the register; or

(b)specifying descriptions of information to be referred to the Secretary of State for his or her determination.

(3) No information referred to the Secretary of State under paragraph (2)(b) may be included in the register unless the Secretary of State determines that it should be included.

(4) The competent authority must notify the Secretary of State of any information it excludes from the register in accordance with directions given to it under paragraph (2).

(5) A person may give a written notice to the Secretary of State specifying information which appears to that person to be information to which paragraph (1) may apply and stating why it should not be included in the register.

(6) If a person gives a written notice under paragraph (5), at the same time that person must give written notice to the competent authority that they have done so.

(7) No information notified under paragraph (5) may be included in the register unless the Secretary of State determines that it should be included.

PART 5Miscellaneous and General

Enforcement

30.—(1) This regulation applies to the extent that any part of these Regulations are not health and safety regulations within the meaning of section 15 of the 1974 Act.

(2) The following provisions apply to the whole of these Regulations as if they were health and safety regulations for the purposes of that Act—

(a)sections 16 to 26(17) (approved codes of practice and enforcement) and sections 33 to 42(18) (provisions as to offences) of the 1974 Act; and

(b)the Health and Safety (Training for Employment) Regulations 1990(19).

(3) Every function of the Executive under any provision of the 1974 Act, or under health and safety regulations, is exercisable in relation to these Regulations as if the whole of these Regulations were health and safety regulations for the purposes of that Act.

(4) Despite section 33(1)(c) of the 1974 Act a failure to discharge a duty placed on the competent authority or the Executive by these Regulations is not an offence.

(5) Despite regulation 3 of the Health and Safety (Enforcing Authority) Regulations 1998(20), the enforcing authority for these Regulations is the Executive.

Appeals

31.—(1) A person responsible for contained use who is aggrieved by any of the following may appeal to the appropriate person—

(a)a decision by the competent authority—

(i)to refuse to provide a written agreement requested under regulation 10(6);

(ii)to refuse consent for a class 3 or class 4 contained use notified under regulation 11(2);

(iii)to refuse to provide written agreement under regulation 19(2)(c) that a particular containment measure need not be applied for a specific activity;

(iv)to refuse to grant an exemption certificate under regulation 26(1) or to revoke such a certificate;

(v)to impose a condition or a time limit on an exemption certificate issued under regulation 26(1);

(b)an instruction concerning the cessation of a contained use under regulation 16(3);

(c)a request for additional information by the Executive under regulation 24(1);

(d)a notice from the competent authority under regulation 25.

(2) The appropriate person may direct that an appeal be determined on their behalf by one or more persons appointed for that purpose.

(3) The appropriate person may pay such remuneration and allowances to an appointed person as the appropriate person may determine.

(4) An appointed person may decide the procedure to be followed on the appeal and may give such directions as are appropriate to give effect to the determination of the appeal.

(5) Where an appeal is brought under this regulation—

(a)the following remain valid pending the final determination of the appeal—

(i)a decision of the competent authority referred to in paragraph (1)(a);

(ii)a request for additional information made under regulation 24(1);

(b)the following are not suspended pending the final determination of the appeal—

(i)the operation of regulation 16 and any instructions given under regulation 16(3);

(ii)a notice issued under regulation 25.

(6) The period of time beginning with the date on which an appeal is lodged and ending with the date on which that appeal is determined will not be taken into account in calculating the period of days referred to in regulation 10(4), 10(7), 11(4), 11(5) or 12(4).

(7) In this regulation,

“appointed person” means the person appointed by the appropriate person to determine an appeal;

“appropriate person” means—

(a)
the Secretary of State, in the case of—

(i)
an appeal under paragraph (1)(a) or (d) against a decision of, or a notice issued by, the competent authority as regards England and Wales; or

(ii)
an appeal under paragraph (1)(b) or (c) against a request or instruction relating to—

(aa)
the undertaking or proposed undertaking of a contained use; or

(bb)
premises which are the subject of a notification under regulation 9(2),

in England or Wales;

(b)
the Secretary of State and the Scottish Ministers, acting jointly, in the case of—

(i)
an appeal under paragraph (1)(a) or (d) against a decision of, or a notice issued by, the competent authority as regards Scotland or the joint competent authority; or

(ii)
an appeal under paragraph (1)(b) or (c) against a request or instruction relating to—

(aa)
the undertaking or proposed undertaking of a contained use; or

(bb)
premises which are the subject of a notification under regulation 9(2) or 9(5),

in Scotland.

Competent authority address

32.  Anything required to be submitted or sent to a competent authority under these Regulations must be sent to the Executive at the address published for this purpose on its website which may be, or include, an address for submission by electronic means.

Saving and transitional provisions

33.—(1) Subject to paragraph (3) the following continue to have effect and are deemed to have been made, granted or imposed under these Regulations—

(a)a notification made under any of regulations 9 to 13 of the 2000 Regulations, provided that the notification complied with the provisions of those Regulations, as if the notification had been made by a notifier under the corresponding regulation of these Regulations;

(b)a consent granted by the competent authority under regulation 11 of the 2000 Regulations as if it were granted under regulation 11 of these Regulations;

(c)an agreement by the competent authority under regulation 18(2) of the 2000 Regulations that a specific containment measure need not be applied to a contained use, as if it were made under regulation 19(2) of these Regulations;

(d)a request for additional information made under regulation 14(2) of the 2000 Regulations, as if it were made under regulation 24(1) of these Regulations;

(e)a condition, limit of time or other requirement imposed by the competent authority under regulation 15(1) of the 2000 Regulations, as if it were imposed under regulation 25 of these Regulations.

(2) Every record required to be kept under regulation 8(2) of the 2000 Regulations must be kept in the same manner and for the same period as specified in that regulation as if the requirement were imposed under regulation 7(2) of these Regulations.

(3) A person responsible for contained use involving micro-organisms must submit a notification to the competent authority in the following circumstances—

(a)the contained use was being undertaken in accordance with the 2000 Regulations before the date on which these Regulations come into force;

(b)the appropriate containment level for the contained use is different under these Regulations to the appropriate containment level under the 2000 Regulations; and

(c)as a result the contained use is classified under these Regulations at a higher class than under the 2000 Regulations.

(4) The notification must be submitted to the competent authority within the specified period.

(5) Subject to paragraphs (6) to (8) the notification must be treated as a notification required under regulation 10(2) or 11(2) of these Regulations.

(6) The notification must contain the information in Schedule 6 that is specified for the new class of contained use, unless the competent authority exempts the notifier from some or all of the requirements of Schedule 6.

(7) Where a notification is submitted for a contained use that requires consent as class 3 or class 4 contained use, the competent authority must inform the notifier of its decision whether or not to grant consent within 90 days of receipt of the notification.

(8) The contained use referred to in paragraph (3) may continue provided that—

(a)the notification is submitted within the specified period;

(b)the risk assessment shows no increase in the risks to human health or the environment created by the contained use;

(c)the competent authority does not require the notifier to suspend or terminate the contained use under regulation 25 of these Regulations; and

(d)the competent authority has not refused consent for the contained use.

(9) In this regulation—

“specified period” means the 90 days beginning with the date on which these Regulations come into force.

Consequential amendments

34.—(1) The Health and Safety (Fees) Regulations 2012(21) are amended as follows.

(2) In regulation 13—

(a)in the heading, for “2000” substitute “2014”;

(b)in paragraph (1), for “2000” substitute “2014”;

(c)for paragraph (2) substitute—

“(2) No fee is to be returned to a notifier where the notifier withdraws a notification under regulation 17 of the 2014 Regulations or the competent authority returns a notification under regulation 24(6) of the 2014 Regulations.”;

(d)in paragraph (3) in both instances, for “2000” substitute “2014”.

(3) In regulation 24(16)(b) for “2000” substitute “2014”.

(4) In Schedule 10—

(a)in the heading, for “2000” substitute “2014”;

(b)in column 1 of the table—

(i)for paragraph (a) substitute “Notification of premises to be used for contained use for the first time under regulation 9(2)”;

(ii)for paragraph (b) substitute “Notification of class 2 contained use under regulation 10(2)”;

(iii)for paragraph (c) substitute “Notification of premises to be used for contained use for the first time under regulation 9(2) at the same time as notification of class 2 contained use under regulation 10(2)”;

(iv)for paragraph (d) substitute “Notification of class 3 contained use under regulation 11(2)”;

(v)for paragraph (e) substitute “Notification of premises to be used for contained use for the first time under regulation 9(2) at the same time as notification of class 3 contained use under regulation 11(2)”;

(vi)for paragraph (f) substitute “Notification of class 4 contained use under regulation 11(2)”;

(vii)for paragraph (g) substitute “Notification of premises to be used for contained use for the first time under regulation 9(2) at the same time as notification of class 4 contained use under regulation 11(2)”;

(viii)for paragraph (h) substitute “Notification of contained use under regulation 12(2)”;

(ix)for paragraph (i) substitute “Notification of premises to be used for contained use for the first time under regulation 9(2) at the same time as notification of contained use under regulation 12(2)”;

(x)for paragraph (j) substitute “Notification of a change or new information affecting risks under regulation 15(1)”;

(xi)in paragraph (k) for “18(2)” substitute “19(2)” and for “9(1), 10(1), 11(1) or 12(1)” substitute “9(2), 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2)”.

Revocations

35.  The following are revoked—

(a)the 2000 Regulations;

(b)the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) (Amendment) Regulations 2002(22);

(c)the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) (Amendment) Regulations 2005(23);

(d)the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) (Amendment) Regulations 2010(24).

Signed by authority of the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions

Mike Penning
Minister of State
Department for Work and Pensions
23rd June 2014

Regulation 2(1)

SCHEDULE 1Classes of contained use

Class
Description

1
Contained use of no or negligible risk, for which containment level 1 is appropriate to protect human health and the environment.

2
Contained use of low risk, for which containment level 2 is appropriate to protect human health and the environment.

3
Contained use of moderate risk, for which containment level 3 is appropriate to protect human health and the environment.

4
Contained use of high risk, for which containment level 4 is appropriate to protect human health and the environment.

Regulations 2(1) and 3(1)
SCHEDULE 2

PART 1Techniques constituting genetic modification

1.  The techniques which constitute genetic modification referred to in sub-paragraph (a) of the definition of “genetic modification” in regulation 2(1) are—

(a)recombinant nucleic acid techniques involving the formation of new combinations of genetic material by the insertion of nucleic acid molecules, produced by whatever means outside an organism, into any virus, bacterial plasmid or other vector system and their incorporation into a host organism in which they do not naturally occur but in which they are capable of continued propagation;

(b)techniques involving the direct introduction into an organism of heritable genetic material prepared outside the organism, including micro-injection, macro-injection and micro-encapsulation;

(c)cell fusion or hybridization techniques where live cells with new combinations of heritable genetic material are formed through the fusion of two or more cells by means of methods that do not occur naturally.

PART 2Techniques which are not considered to result in genetic modification

2.  The following techniques are not considered to result in genetic modification provided that they do not involve the use of recombinant nucleic acid molecules or of genetically modified organisms made by techniques other than those listed in Part 3—

(a)in vitro fertilisation;

(b)natural processes including conjugation, transduction or transformation;

(c)polyploidy induction.

PART 3Techniques to which these Regulations do not apply

3.  These Regulations (except regulation 18) do not apply to the following techniques of genetic modification, provided that they do not involve the use of recombinant nucleic acid molecules or of genetically modified organisms other than those made by one or more of the following techniques—

(a)mutagenesis;

(b)cell fusion (including protoplast fusion) of prokaryotic species which can exchange genetic material through homologous recombination;

(c)cell fusion (including protoplast fusion) of cells of any eukaryotic species, including production of hybridomas and plant cell fusions;

(d)self-cloning, where the resulting organism is unlikely to cause disease or harm to humans, animals or plants.

4.  In paragraph 3—

(a)“self-cloning” means the removal of nucleic acid sequences from a cell of an organism which may or may not be followed by reinsertion of all or part of that nucleic acid (or a synthetic equivalent), whether or not altered by enzymic or mechanical processes, into cells of the same species or into cells of phylogenetically closely related species which can exchange genetic material by homologous recombination; and

(b)self-cloning may include the use of recombinant vectors, with an extended history of safe use in the particular organism, to manipulate and reinsert the nucleic acid sequences, but the vectors must not consist of any genetic elements other than those designed for vector structure, vector replication, vector maintenance or marker genes.

Regulations 2(3), 3(4) and 5
SCHEDULE 3

PART 1Matters to be taken into account in carrying out an assessment for the purposes of regulation 5

1.  The following matters must be taken into account in carrying out an assessment for the purposes of regulation 5—

(a)any potentially harmful effects, in particular those associated with—

(i)the recipient micro-organism;

(ii)the inserted genetic material (originating from the donor organism);

(iii)the vector;

(iv)the donor micro-organism (where that donor micro-organism is used during the contained use);

(v)the resulting genetically modified micro-organism;

(b)the characteristics of the contained use;

(c)the severity of the potentially harmful effects;

(d)the likelihood of the potentially harmful effects being realised;

(e)the disposal of waste and effluents.

2.  In paragraph 1, “potentially harmful effects” includes—

(a)disease to humans including allergenic or toxic effects;

(b)disease to animals or plants;

(c)adverse effects resulting from the inability to treat disease or offer an effective prophylaxis;

(d)adverse effects resulting from establishment or dissemination of the genetically modified micro-organisms in the environment;

(e)adverse effects resulting from the natural transfer of genetic material to or from other organisms;

(f)adverse effects resulting from the likely interaction of the genetically modified micro-organism with other organisms at the premises where the contained use is to be conducted.

PART 2Steps to be included when carrying out an assessment for the purposes of regulation 5

3.  An assessment carried out for the purposes of regulation 5 must include—

(a)identification of any harmful properties of the recipient and, where appropriate, the donor micro-organism;

(b)identification of any harmful properties associated with the vector or inserted material, including any alteration in the existing properties of the recipient;

(c)recognition that, in general, only contained use which shows the following characteristics is appropriate for inclusion in class 1 as described in Schedule 1—

(i)the recipient or parental micro-organism is unlikely to cause disease to humans, animals or plants;

(ii)the nature of the vector and the insert is such that they do not endow the genetically modified micro-organism with a phenotype likely to cause disease to humans, animals or plants, or likely to cause deleterious effects on the environment; and

(iii)the genetically modified micro-organism is unlikely to cause disease to humans, animals or plants and is unlikely to have deleterious effects on the environment;

(d)consideration of relevant EU legislation, including Directive (EC) No 2000/54 of the European Parliament and the Council on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work(25), other classification schemes referring to plant and animal pathogens, and other international and national classification schemes for genetically modified micro-organisms;

(e)identification of the provisional level of risk associated with the genetically modified micro-organism;

(f)consideration of—

(i)the characteristics of the environment likely to be exposed;

(ii)the characteristics of the contained use involving micro-organisms;

(iii)any contained use of micro-organisms which cannot be controlled adequately by standard laboratory procedures, and which presents risks which require controls for each individual case;

(g)adjustment of the provisional level of risk in the light of the matters referred to in sub-paragraph (f);

(h)selection of the appropriate containment measures from those specified in the applicable table in Schedule 8 on the basis of the provisional level of risk as adjusted in accordance with sub-paragraph (g);

(i)assignment of the contained use to the appropriate containment level, in accordance with paragraph 4;

(j)classification of the contained use in the class of the same number as that of the appropriate containment level;

(k)review and reconsideration of that classification in the light of the completed risk assessment.

4.  To assign a contained use to the appropriate containment level for the purposes of paragraph 3(i), the person carrying out the risk assessment must—

(a)first identify for each selected containment measure the column in the applicable table in Schedule 8 having the lowest number in which that selected containment measure is shown as being required, regardless of whether or not such requirement is subject to any qualification;

(b)then select the highest number of all the columns identified in accordance with sub-paragraph (a); and

(c)then assign the contained use to the containment level of that highest number.

5.  In paragraph 4, “selected containment measure” means an appropriate containment measure selected in accordance with paragraph 3(h).

Regulation 6
SCHEDULE 4

PART 1Matters to be taken into account in carrying out an assessment for the purposes of regulation 6

1.  The following matters must be taken into account in carrying out an assessment for the purposes of regulation 6—

(a)any potentially harmful effects, in particular those associated with—

(i)the recipient organism;

(ii)the inserted genetic material (originating from the donor organism);

(iii)the vector;

(iv)the donor organism;

(v)the resulting genetically modified organism;

(b)the characteristics of the contained use;

(c)the severity of the potentially harmful effects;

(d)the likelihood of the potentially harmful effects being realised.

2.  In paragraph 1, “potentially harmful effects” includes—

(a)disease to humans including allergenic or toxic effects;

(b)acting as a human disease vector or reservoir;

(c)adverse effects to humans arising from change in behaviour or in physical nature;

(d)adverse effects arising from the inability to treat human disease or offer effective prophylaxis.

PART 2Steps to be included when carrying out an assessment for the purposes of regulation 6

3.  An assessment carried out for the purposes of regulation 6 must include—

(a)identification of any harmful properties of the recipient and, where appropriate, the donor organism;

(b)identification of any harmful properties associated with the vector or inserted material, including any alteration in the existing properties of the recipient;

(c)identification of the provisional level of risk associated with the genetically modified organisms;

(d)selection of containment and other protective measures on the basis of—

(i)the provisional level of risk; and

(ii)the characteristics of the contained use;

(e)adjustment of the level of risk in the light of the matters referred to in sub-paragraph (d);

(f)review and reconsideration of the containment and other protective measures in the light of the steps required by sub-paragraphs (a) to (e).

Regulations 9(2), 14(1)and 28(3)

SCHEDULE 5Information required for a notification under regulation 9(2)

A notification required for the purposes of regulation 9(2) must contain the following information—

(a)the name, address and telephone number and any fax number and any e-mail address of the notifier;
(b)the name of the person with specific responsibility for the supervision and safety of contained use;
(c)information on the training and qualifications of that person;
(d)details of the arrangements for obtaining advice on risk assessments in accordance with regulation 8, including details of any genetic modification safety committee if established;
(e)the address of the premises where the contained use is to be carried out and a general description of the premises, together with, if required by regulation 9(6), the principal address of the premises;
(f)the nature of the work to be undertaken;
(g)the class of any contained use involving micro-organisms;
(h)where the first contained use to be carried out in those premises is a class 1 contained use—

(i)a summary of the risk assessment of that contained use;

(ii)any advice received in relation to the risk assessment from a person or genetic modification safety committee in accordance with regulation 8;

(iii)information on waste management;

(iv)confirmation that the emergency services, and any body or authority liable to be affected by an accident to which any emergency plan relates, will be informed of the contents of the emergency plan and of any relevant revisions;
(i)where the first contained use to be carried out in those premises is a contained use involving larger GMOs and that contained use is not notifiable under regulation 12(2)—

(i)a copy of the risk assessment; and

(ii)confirmation that the emergency services, and any body or authority liable to be affected by an accident to which any emergency plan relates, will be informed of the contents of the emergency plan and of any relevant revisions.

Regulations 10(2), 11(2), 12(2),14(1), 28(3) and 33(6)

SCHEDULE 6Information required for a notification under regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2)

A notification required for the purposes of regulation 10(2), 11(2) or 12(2) must contain the following information except where it is required only for a specified regulation—

(a)the name, address and telephone number and any fax number and any e-mail address of the notifier;
(b)any centre number allocated by the competent authority in respect of the premises at which the contained use is to be undertaken and the date of the notification required by regulation 9(2) relating to those premises;
(c)the name of the person with specific responsibility for supervision and safety of contained use;
(d)information on the training and qualifications of that person;
(e)the recipient or parental micro-organism to be used;
(f)the donor micro-organism to be used;
(g)where applicable, the host-vector system to be used;
(h)the source and intended function of the genetic material involved in the modification;
(i)the identity and characteristics of the genetically modified organism;
(j)the purpose of the contained use, including its expected results;
(k)for regulation 10(2) the approximate culture volumes to be used;
(l)for regulation 11(2) the culture volumes to be used;
(m)a description of the containment and other protective measures to be applied, including—

(i)information on waste management, including the type and form of wastes to be generated, their treatment, ultimate form and destination; and

(ii)for regulation 10(2) justification for not applying any containment measure at containment level 2;

(iii)for regulation 11(2), for class 3 contained use, justification for not applying any containment measure at containment level 3;

(iv)for regulation 11(2), for class 4 contained use, justification for not applying any containment measure at containment level 4;
(n)for regulations 10(2) and 11(2) a copy of the risk assessment;
(o)for regulations 10(2) and 11(2) the advice received in relation to that assessment from a genetic modification safety committee;
(p)for regulation 12(2) a copy of the risk assessment;
(q)information in relation to any accident prevention and emergency plans including—

(i)the information necessary for the competent authority to evaluate any emergency plan;

(ii)confirmation that the emergency services, and any body or authority liable to be affected by an accident to which any emergency plan relates, will be informed of the contents of the emergency plan and of any relevant revisions;

(iii)for regulation 11(2), in addition—

(aa)any specific hazards arising from the location of the installation;

(bb)the preventive measures applied, including safety equipment, alarm systems and containment methods;

(cc)procedures and plans for verifying the continuing effectiveness of the containment measures;

(dd)a description of the information provided to workers;
(r)for regulation 11(2) a description of the parts of the installation;
(s)for regulation 11(2) whether the genetically modified organism is likely to be subject to transboundary movement.

Regulation 18

SCHEDULE 7General principles of good microbiological practice and of good occupational safety and hygiene

The general principles of good microbiological practice and of good occupational safety and hygiene are as follows—

(a)keeping workplace and environmental exposure to any genetically modified micro-organism to the lowest reasonably practicable level;
(b)exercising engineering control measures at source and supplementing these with appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment where necessary;
(c)testing adequately and maintaining control measures and equipment;
(d)testing, where necessary, for the presence of viable process organisms outside the primary physical containment;
(e)providing appropriate training of personnel;
(f)establishing a genetic modification safety committee, if required;
(g)formulating and implementing local codes of practice for the safety of personnel, as required;
(h)displaying biohazard signs where appropriate;
(i)providing washing and decontamination facilities for personnel;
(j)keeping adequate records;
(k)prohibiting in the work area eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or the storing of food for human consumption;
(l)prohibiting mouth pipetting;
(m)providing written standard operating procedures where appropriate to ensure safety;
(n)having effective disinfectants and specified disinfection procedures available in case of spillage of genetically modified micro-organisms;
(o)providing safe storage for contaminated laboratory equipment and materials where appropriate.

Regulations 2(2) and 19(1)
SCHEDULE 8

PART 1General

1.  In this Schedule—

“GMMs” means genetically modified micro-organisms;

“HEPA” means High Efficiency Particulate Air;

“inactivation” means the complete or partial destruction of GMMs so as to ensure that any contact between the GMMs and humans or the environment is limited to an extent commensurate with the risks identified in the risk assessment and to provide a high level of protection for humans and the environment;

“plant growth facilities” means a structure, whether permanent or impermanent, designed and used principally for growing plants in a controlled and protected environment.

2.  For the purposes of this Schedule where in the final column of Table 1b or 1c, a measure is specified as—

(a)a modification, it is to be read in substitution for the relevant measure in Table 1a;

(b)additional, it is to be read as an addition to the measures in Table 1a, and any measure which has been substituted for a measure in Table 1a, in accordance with paragraph 2(a).

3.  For the purposes of this Schedule—

(a)Table 1a describes containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in laboratories;

(b)Table 1a, read with Table 1b, describes containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in plant growth facilities;

(c)Table 1a, read with Table 1c, describes containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in animal units;

(d)Table 2 describes containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in premises other than those referred to in Tables 1a, 1b and 1c.

PART 2Containment measures

Table 1a

Containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in laboratories

Containment Measures
Containment Levels

1
2
3
4

(1)
“isolation” means, in relation to a laboratory, separation of the laboratory from other areas in the same building, or being in a separate building.

(2)
Entry must be through an airlock which is a chamber isolated from the laboratory. The clean side of the airlock must be separated from the restricted side by changing or showering facilities and preferably by interlocking doors.

(3)
Where viruses are not retained by the HEPA filters, extra requirements will be necessary for extract air.

(4)
Where the autoclave is outside the laboratory in which the contained use is being undertaken, but within the laboratory suite, there must be validated procedures for the safe transfer of material into that autoclave, which provide a level of protection equivalent to that which would be achieved by having an autoclave in that laboratory.

Facilities

1
Laboratory suite: isolation(1)

not required
not required
required
required

2
Laboratory: sealable for fumigation
not required
not required
required
required

Equipment

3
Surfaces impervious to water, resistant to acids, alkalis, solvents, disinfectants and decontamination agents and easy to clean
required for any bench
required for any bench
required for any bench and floor
required for any bench, floor, ceiling and walls

4
Entry to laboratory via airlock(2)

not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

5
Negative pressure relative to the pressure of the immediate surroundings
not required
not required
required except for activities where transmission does not occur by the airborne route
required

6
Extract and input air from the laboratory must be HEPA filtered
not required
not required
HEPA filters required for extract air except for activities where transmission does not occur by the airborne route
HEPA filters required for input and extract air(3)

7
Microbiological safety cabinet/enclosure
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required

required, and all procedures with infective materials required to be contained within a cabinet/

enclosure

required,

and all procedures with infective materials required to be contained within a cabinet/

enclosure

8
Autoclave
required on site
required in the building
required in the laboratory suite(4)

double ended autoclave required in laboratory

System of work

9
Access restricted to authorised personnel only
not required
required
required
required (via airlock key procedure)

10
Biohazard sign on door
not required
required
required
required

11
Specific measures to control aerosol dissemination
not required
required so as to minimise
required so as to prevent
required so as to prevent

12
Shower
not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

13
Protective clothing
suitable protective clothing required
suitable protective clothing required
suitable protective clothing required; footwear required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
complete change of clothing and footwear required before entry and exit

14
Gloves
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows they are required
required
required

15
Efficient control of disease vectors (e.g. rodents and insects) which could disseminate GMMs
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
required

Waste

16
Inactivation of GMMs in effluent from hand-washing sinks and showers and similar effluents
not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

17
Inactivation of GMMs in contaminated material and waste
required by validated means where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required by validated means
required by validated means, with waste inactivated within the laboratory suite
required by validated means, with waste inactivated within the laboratory

Other measures

18
Laboratory to contain its own equipment
not required
not required
required, so far as is reasonably practicable
required

19
An observation window or alternative is to be present so that occupants can be seen
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

20
Safe storage of GMMs
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
secure storage required

21
Written records of staff training
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required

Table 1b

Containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in plant growth facilities (to be read with Table 1a as indicated in paragraph 3(b) of Part 1)

Containment Measures
Containment Levels

Additional/

modification

1
2
3
4

(1)
A permanent structure refers to a fixed structure with walls, a roof and a floor. Where the permanent structure is a greenhouse, that structure must also have a continuous waterproof covering and self-closing lockable outer doors, and be located on a site designed to prevent the entry of surface run-off water.

Facilities

1
Permanent structure(1)

required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
required
modification

Equipment

2
Entry via a separate room with two interlocking doors
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required (via airlock key procedure)
additional

3
Control of contaminated run-off water
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required so as to minimise run-off
required so as to prevent run-off
required so as to prevent run-off
additional

System of work

4
Effective control of disease vectors such as insects, rodents and arthropods which could disseminate GMMs
required
required
required
required
additional

5
Effective control of pollen, seeds and other plant material which could disseminate GMMs
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required so as to minimise dissemination
required so as to prevent dissemination
required so as to prevent dissemination
additional

6
Procedures for transfer of living material between the plant growth facilities, protective structure and laboratory must control dissemination of GMMs
required so as to minimise dissemination
required so as to minimise dissemination
required so as to prevent dissemination
required so as to prevent dissemination
additional

Table 1c

Containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in animal units (to be read with Table 1a as indicated in paragraph 3(c))

Containment Measures
Containment Levels

Additional/

modification

1
2
3
4

(1)
“animal unit” means a building, or separate area within a building, containing an animal facility and other areas including changing rooms, showers, autoclaves and food storage areas.

(2)
“animal facility” means a facility normally used to house stock, breeding or experimental animals or one which is used for the performance of minor surgical procedures on animals.

(3)
“isolators” means transparent boxes where small animals are contained within or outside a cage; for large animals, isolated rooms may be more appropriate.

Facilities

1
Isolation of animal unit(1)

required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
required
modification

2
Animal facilities(2) separated by lockable doors
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
required
additional

3
Animal facilities (cages, etc.) designed to facilitate decontamination (waterproof and easily washable material)
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
additional

4
Floor, walls and ceiling easily washable
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required for floor
required for floor and walls
required for floor, walls and ceiling
modification

5
Appropriate filters on isolators or isolated rooms(3)

not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
additional

6
Appropriate barriers at the room exit, and at drains or ventilation duct work
required
required
required
required
additional

7
Animals kept in appropriate containment facilities, such as cages, pens or tanks but not isolators
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
additional

8
Animals kept in isolators
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
modification

Table 2

Containment measures applicable to contained use involving micro-organisms in premises other than those referred to in Tables 1a, 1b and 1c

Containment Measure
Containment Levels

1
2
3
4

General

1
Viable micro-organisms must be contained in a system which separates the process from the workplace and wider environment (closed system)
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required
required

2
Closed systems located within a controlled area
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required

3
Control of exhaust gases from the closed system
not required
required so as to minimise release
required so as to prevent release
required so as to prevent release

4
Control of aerosols during sample collection, addition of material to a closed system or transfer of material to another closed system
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required so as to minimise release
required so as to prevent release
required so as to prevent release

5
Inactivation of bulk culture fluids before removal from the closed system
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required by validated means
required by validated means
required by validated means

6
Seals must be designed so as to minimise or prevent release
not required
required so as to minimise release
required so as to prevent release
required so as to prevent release

7
The controlled area designed to contain spillage of the entire contents of the closed system
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required
required

8
The controlled area sealable to permit fumigation
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

9
Biohazard signs posted
not required
required
required
required

Equipment

10
Entry via airlock
not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

11
Surfaces resistant to water, acids, alkalis, solvents, disinfectants and decontamination agents and easy to clean
required for any bench
required for any bench
required for any bench and floor
required for any bench, floor, ceilings and walls

12
Specific measures to ventilate adequately the controlled areas in order to minimise air contamination
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows they are required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows they are required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows they are required
required

13
The controlled area maintained at an air pressure negative to the immediate surroundings
not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

14
Extract and input air from the controlled area must be HEPA filtered
not required
not required
required for extract air; required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required for input air
required for input and extract air

System of work

15
Access restricted to authorised personnel only
not required
required
required
required

16
Personnel must shower before leaving the controlled area
not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

17
Personnel must wear protective clothing
work clothing required
work clothing required
required
complete change required before exit and entry

18
Written procedures and records of staff training
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows they are required
required
required

Waste

19
Inactivation of GMMs in effluent from hand-washing sinks and showers or similar effluents
not required
not required
required where and to extent the risk assessment shows it is required
required

20
Inactivation of GMMs in contaminated material and waste including those in process effluent before final discharge
required by validated means where and to extent the risk assessment shows it to be required
required by validated means
required by validated means
required by validated means

EXPLANATORY NOTE

(This note is not part of the Regulations)

1.  These Regulations consolidate, revoke and replace the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 2000 (S.I. 2000/2831) and its amending instruments (S.I. 2002/63, S.I. 2005/2466, S.I. 2010/2840). The Regulations implement Directive (EC) No 2009/41 (O.J. No L 125, 21.5.2009, p. 75) which lays down measures for the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms with a view to protecting human health and the environment. Section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972 is used to implement the aspects of the Directive which relate to protection of the environment. The Regulations also apply to the contained use of genetically modified organisms that are not micro-organisms, known as larger GMOs, but only in relation to risks to human health. Larger GMOs are not covered by the Directive.

2.  Contained use includes any activity or other action (for example storage) involving a genetically modified organism within a controlled environment where there are physical barriers and/or other controls in place to ensure that any genetically modified organism is not released into the environment. Certain techniques are or are not regarded as genetic modification and the Regulations do not apply to genetically modified organisms in a number of circumstances, for example, where there is a consent for use under other legislation. Some of the regulations are disapplied to genetically modified organisms when they are being transported (regulation 3 and Schedule 2).

3.  The Regulations extend to England, Scotland and Wales but not to Northern Ireland. The competent authority in relation to contained use in England and Wales is the Secretary of State and the Health and Safety Executive (“the Executive”) acting jointly. The competent authority in relation to contained use in Scotland is the Scottish Ministers and the Executive acting jointly. The joint competent authority is the two competent authorities acting jointly (regulation 2). The Regulations impose duties on people who are undertaking or proposing to undertake contained use (users) and persons responsible for contained use. These are people who either have the authority to determine whether contained use can take place, or people with control over the planning or conduct of the contained use.

4.  The meaning of some terms within the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 is modified so that the Regulations apply to educational institutions as if they were workplaces and students as if they were employees of the educational institution. They also apply to any person who is not an employee undertaking contained use (except a student) as if they were self-employed within the meaning of that Act (regulation 4).

5.  Before contained use involving micro-organisms can commence, a person responsible for the contained use must ensure that an assessment of the risks to human health and the environment has been carried out. The person carrying out the risk assessment must classify the contained use (from class 1 to class 4) depending on the seriousness of the risks posed, with 4 being the highest risk (regulation 5, Schedule 1 and Schedule 3). Contained use involving larger GMOs cannot commence until the person responsible has ensured that an assessment is carried out in relation to risks to human health (regulation 6 and Schedule 4) although there is no requirement to assign a class of use. There are specific requirements relating to the review, recording and keeping of risk assessments (regulation 7). A person responsible for contained use must obtain advice on the risk assessment either from an individual or a genetic modification safety committee with relevant expertise (regulation 8).

6.  Before premises are used for the first time, for contained use, a person responsible for the first contained use must notify the competent authority and provide information specified by regulation 9 and Schedule 5. One notification can include more than one premises. Where a notification contains premises situated in both Scotland and in England, or in both Scotland and in Wales the notification must be made to the joint competent authority.

7.  Before class 2 contained use can commence, a person responsible for the contained use must notify the competent authority of the contained use and provide information specified in Schedule 6 (regulation 10). A period of time must then elapse before contained use can begin. Class 3 or 4 contained use cannot commence unless the competent authority has given consent for the contained use. A person responsible must submit a notification for the contained use and provide the information specified in Schedule 6. Consent must be notified within a specified period that is dependent on whether the notifier already has consent for class 3 or class 4 contained use (regulation 11).

8.  Before contained use can commence involving a larger GMO (and the contained use will result in a more hazardous organism than its parent organism) a person responsible for that contained use must notify the competent authority of that contained use and provide the information specified in Schedule 6 (regulation 12).

9.  A notification for contained use where the premises notification had to be made to the joint competent authority must also be made to the joint competent authority. In certain circumstances the competent authority or joint competent authority may accept single notifications for a connected programme of work or contained use at more than one premises (regulation 13). There are various duties to notify the competent authority of changes of circumstances and changes that affect risks (regulations 14 and 15).

10.  If the competent authority asks for further information about a notification, the contained use must not commence or continue, except to store or destroy the genetically modified organisms, until the competent authority has agreed in writing that it may (regulation 16). A notifier may withdraw their application as long as the contained use has not commenced (regulation 17).

11.  Users are required to ensure that occupational and environmental safety principles are observed (Schedule 7) and that risks are kept to the lowest level reasonably practicable (regulation 18).

12.  A user carrying out contained use involving genetically modified micro-organisms is required to apply the containment measures which are appropriate to that contained use in accordance with the risk assessment. The containment measures are classified into different containment levels which largely correspond with the class assigned to the contained use, with level 4 being the highest level of containment. The measures are set out in Schedule 8 (regulation 19). A user carrying out contained use involving a larger GMO must apply the containment measures applicable in accordance with the risk assessment for that contained use (regulation 20).

13.  Where a risk assessment shows it is warranted, an emergency plan must be prepared before contained use can commence. In the case of genetically modified micro-organisms the plan must address risks to human health and the protection of the environment, in the case of larger GMOs the plan need only address human health, (regulation 21). If an accident occurs the person responsible for the contained use must notify the competent authority immediately and provide specified information (regulation 22).

14.  The competent authority is placed under a duty to examine a notification submitted to it under regulations 9(2), 10(2), 11(2) and 12(2) (regulation 23) and the Executive may ask the notifier for additional information on behalf of the competent authority (regulation 24). The competent authority has power to impose time limits or conditions on contained use, to suspend or terminate contained use or require that the contained use is not commenced. The competent authority may also vary or revoke any consent previously granted under regulation 11 (regulation 25). The competent authority may grant an exemption from the requirements of the Regulations but only if it is satisfied that the health and safety of persons and the environment are not prejudiced by the granting of an exemption (regulation 26).

15.  The competent authority is to maintain a register of all notifications and copies of the register are to be made available by the Executive for public inspection by appropriate means (regulation 28). Certain information may not be published if it would be contrary to the interests of national security (regulation 29).

16.  Provision is made for the enforcement of the Regulations under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (regulation 30).

17.  There is a right of appeal for any person who is aggrieved by certain decisions or actions of the competent authority or the Executive (regulation 31).

18.  Anything that must be submitted to the competent authority under the regulations must be submitted to the Executive at the address it publishes on its website for the purpose (regulation 32).

19.  There are various transitional, saving and consequential provisions and a number of instruments are revoked (see paragraph 1 above) (regulations 33 to 35).

20.  A Transposition Note has been produced and is published on the website of the Health and Safety Executive www.hse.gov.uk.

21.  A copy of the impact assessment prepared in respect of these Regulations can be obtained from www.legislation.gov.uk.

(1)
1972 c. 68. Section 2(2) was amended by section 27(1)(a) of the Legislative and Regulatory Reform Act 2006 (c. 51) and Part 1 of the Schedule to the European Union (Amendment) Act 2008 (c. 7) In relation to Scotland, see also section 57(1) of the Scotland Act 1998 (c. 46) which provides that, despite the transfer to the Scottish Ministers of functions in relation to observing and implementing European Union law, any function of a Minister of the Crown in relation to any matter shall continue to be exercisable in relation to Scotland by that Minister, for the purposes specified in section 2(2) of the 1972 Act.

(2)
S.I. 1991/755.

(3)
1974 c. 37. Section 15(1) was substituted by paragraph 6 of Schedule 15 to the Employment Protection Act 1975 (c. 71) and amended by S.I. 2002/794. Section 15(2) was amended by paragraphs 1 and 5(3) of Schedule 12 to the Energy Act 2013 (c. 32). Section 52(3) was substituted by paragraph 17 of Schedule 15 to the Employment Protection Act 1975 and amended by S.I. 2002/794.

(4)
Section 11(3) was substituted by S.I. 2008/960.

(5)
Section 50(3) was amended by paragraph 16 of Schedule 15 to the Employment Protection Act 1975, S.I. 2008/960, paragraphs 4 and 6 of Schedule 7 to the Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7) and by paragraphs 1 and 11(1) of Schedule 12 to the Energy Act 2013.

(6)
S.I. 2000/2831. The 2000 Regulations and all its amending instruments are revoked by these Regulations (see regulation 35).

(7)
1990 c. 37. Sections 1(1) and (6) were substituted by section 1(2) and (5) of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (c. 22) and section 4A was inserted by section 4(2) of that Act.

(8)
OJ No L 287, 5.11.2003, p1.

(9)
1971 c. 80. Schedule 1 was amended by section 1 of the St Andrew’s Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007 (2007 asp.2).

(10)
1990 c. 43. The functions of the Secretary of State under section 111(1) are exercisable in relation to Scotland by the Scottish Ministers, by virtue of section 53 of the Scotland Act 1998 (c. 46). The functions of the Secretary of State under section 111(1) are exercisable in relation to Wales by the Welsh Ministers. Those functions were originally conferred on the National Assembly for Wales under S.I. 1999/672, which was an Order in Council made under section 22 of the Government of Wales Act 1998 (c. 38). Functions which had been conferred on the Assembly under an Order in Council under section 22 were transferred to the Welsh Ministers by virtue of paragraph 30 of Schedule 11 to the Government of Wales Act 2006 (c. 32).

(11)
S.I. 1991/1714 (N.I.19).

(12)
OJ No L 106, 17.04.2001, p1. Under Article 4.4 member States must designate a competent authority responsible for complying with the requirements of the Directive.

(13)
OJ No L 136, 30.4.2004, p1 as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006 (OJ No L 378, 27.12.2006, p1), Regulation (EC) No 1394/2007 (OJ No L 324, 10.12.2007, p121), Regulation (EC) No 219/2009 (OJ No L 87, 31.3.2009, p109), Regulation (EC) No 470/2009 (OJ No L 152, 16.6.2009, p11), Regulation (EU) No 1235/2010 (OJ No L 348, 31.12.2010, p1) (which was corrected by Corrigendum, OJ No L 201, 27.7.2012, p138) and Regulation (EU) No 1027/2012 (OJ No L 316, 14.11.2012, p38).

(14)
OJ No L 268 18.10.2003, p1 as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1981/2006 (OJ No L 368, 23.12.2006, p[99) and Regulation (EC) No 298/2008 (OJ No L 97 9.4.2008, p64).

(15)
S.I. 2004/3391.

(16)
S.S.I. 2004/520.

(17)
Section 16 of the 1974 Act was amended by paragraph 9 of Schedule 3 to the Railways Act 2005 (c. 14) and paragraphs 4 and 5 of Schedule 7 to the Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7). Section 18 was amended by Schedules 15 and 18 to the Employment Protection Act 1975 (c. 71), paragraph 10(3) of Schedule 3 and Part 1 of Schedule 13 to the Railways Act 2005 and paragraphs 1 and 6 of Schedule 12 to the Energy Act 2013 (c. 32). Section 20 was amended by paragraph 49 of Schedule 27 to the Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33). Section 22 was amended by Schedule 3 to the Consumer Protection Act 1987 (c. 43). Section 23 was amended in relation to England and Wales by paragraph 44 of Schedule 1 to the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 (c. 21) and S.I. 2005/1541. In relation to Scotland section 23 was amended by S.S.I. 2005/383, S.S.I. 2006/475 and paragraph 49 of Schedule 7 to the Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp. 8). Section 24 was amended by section 1(2)(a) of the Employment Rights (Dispute Resolution) Act 1998 (c. 8). Section 25A was inserted by paragraph 3 of Schedule 3 to the Consumer Protection Act 1987 (c. 43). In addition sections 16, 17 and 18 were amended by S.I. 2008/960.

(18)
Section 33 was amended by Schedules 15 and 18 to the Employment Protection Act 1975, Part 1 of the Schedule to the Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981 (c. 45), Schedule 3 to the Consumer Protection Act 1987, sections 4(5) and (6) of, and Schedule 2 to, the Offshore Safety Act 1992 (c. 15) and section 1(1) of the Health and Safety (Offences) Act 2008 (c. 20). Section 34 was amended by S.I. 2008/960, paragraph 25 of Schedule 21 to the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25) and, in its application to Scotland, by paragraph 51 of Schedule 9 to the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 (c. 21) and paragraph 18 of Schedule 7 to the Gas Act 1986 (c. 44). Section 36 has been modified by S.I. 2007/1353 to the effect that references to the Crown are treated as including references to the National Assembly for Wales Commission. Section 38 was amended by paragraph 30(7) of Schedule 22 to the Environmental Act 1995 (c. 25) and S.I. 2013/755. Section 36 was amended by paragraph 2(2) and (3) of Schedule 3 to the Health and Safety (Offences) Act 2008.

(19)
S.I. 1990/1380.

(20)
S.I. 1998/494, to which there are amendments not relevant to these Regulations.

(21)
S.I. 2012/1652 as amended by S.I. 2013/448, 2013/1512 and 2013/1948.

(22)
S.I. 2002/63.

(23)
S.I. 2005/2466.

(24)
S.I. 2010/2840.

(25)
OJ No L 262, 17.10.2000, p21.