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BAHAMAS CIVIL AVIATION (SAFETY) REGULATIONS, 2001 SECTION PART I — ENFORCEMENT OF THESE REGULATIONS PART II — FLIGHT STANDARDS INSPECTORATE PART II — REPORTS, DOCUMENTS, AND RECORDS PART IV — REGISTRATION AND MARKING OF AIRCRAFT PART V — AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT PART VI — AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT PART VII — PERSONNEL LICENSING PART VIII — OPERATION OF AIRCRAFT PART IX — AERIAL WORK OPERATIONS PART X — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS PART XI — CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS PART XII — GENERAL SCHEDULES

ARRANGEMENT OF REGULATIONS REGULATION 1. Citation. 2. Commencement. 3. Applicable laws and interpretation. 4. Interpretation. PART I ENFORCEMENT OF THESE REGULATIONS 5. Enforcement of Directions. 6. Minister’s Decision. 7. Revocation, Suspension and Variation of Documents. 8. Revocation, Suspension and Variation of Permits. 9. Penalties. 10. Appeal to Supreme Court.

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PART II FLIGHT STANDARDS INSPECTORATE

11. Function of the Flight Standards Inspectorate. 12. Delegation of powers. 13. Authorising Credential. 14. Possession of Credential. 15. Authorized Persons: Powers and Duties. 16. Access and Inspection. 17. Power to Inspect and Copy. 18. Production of Documents and Records. 19. Power to Prevent Aircraft Flying. PART III REPORTS, DOCUMENTS, AND RECORDS 20. Mandatory Reporting. 21. Documents to be carried. 22. Preservation of Documents. 23. Offences in relation to Documents and Records. PART IV REGISTRATION AND MARKING OF AIRCRAFT 24. Aircraft to be registered. 25. Registration of aircraft. 26. Nationality and registration marks. PART V AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT 27. Type Certificate. 28. Certificate of Airworthiness. 29. Airworthiness Directives, Modifications and Repairs. 30. Continued Airworthiness. 31. Aircraft Records. 32. Inspection, Overhaul, Repair, Replacement and Modification. 33. Approval of Maintenance Organizations. 34. Aircraft, engine and propeller Logbooks. 35. Aircraft Weight Schedule.

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PART VI AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND

EQUIPMENT 36. Instruments and Equipment. 37. Radio Equipment of Aircraft. 38. Minimum Equipment Requirements. 39. Required Instruments and Equipment. PART VII PERSONNEL LICENSING 40. Personnel Licensing Approvals. 41. Valid Airmen Certificates. 42. Instruction in Flying. 43. Aircraft Maintenance Licences. 44. Grant, Renewal and Effect of Flight Crew Licences. 45. Airman Medical Certificate. 46. Airman medical certificate. 47. Validation of Licences. 48. Personal Flying Logbook. 49. Approval of Training Organizations. PART VIII OPERATION OF AIRCRAFT 50. Careless or Reckless Action. 51. Authority of Pilot in Command. 52. Interference with a Crew Member. 53. Applicable Aircraft Requirements. 54. Applicable Flight Crew Requirements. 55. Crew Duties and Responsibilities. 56. All Passenger Carrying Operations. 57. Flight planning and preparation. 58. Applicable Flight Rules. 59. Operations in Controlled Flight. PART IX AERIAL WORK OPERATIONS 60. Aerial Work Activity. 61. Issue of Aerial Application Certificates. 62. Towing, Picking up or Raising of Persons or Articles. 63. Dropping of Animals and Articles. 64. Dropping of Persons. 65. Aerial Photography and Survey from Aircraft. 66. Exhibitions of Flying, Aircraft Races or Contests.

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PART X COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS 67. Issue of Air Operator’s Certificate. 68. Initial certification required. 69. Continued Conformance. 70. Aircraft Authorized. 71. Security Requirements. 72. Maintenance Requirements. 73. Passenger Requirements. 74. Qualified Personnel. 75. Crew Fatigue. 76. Flight Release Requirements. 77. Mass and Balance and Performance. PART XI CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS 78. Shipping and Acceptance of Dangerous Goods. 79. Munitions of War. PART XII GENERAL 80. Accident Reporting and Investigation. 81. Fees. 82. Validation of Documents. 83. Extra-territorial Effect of these Regulations. 84. Application to Aircraft not Registered in The Bahamas. 85. Waivers. 86. Deviations. 87. Exemptions. 88. Power to Prohibit or Restrict Flying. 89. Ultra-Small Aircraft. 90. Transitional provisions.

SCHEDULES Schedule 1 — General Policies, Procedures and Definitions. Schedule 2 — Penalties. Schedule 3 — Aircraft Registration. Schedule 4 — Aircraft and Component Original Certification. Schedule 5 — Continuing Airworthiness of Aircraft. Schedule 6 — Approved Maintenance Organizations. Schedule 7 — Required Instruments and Equipment. Schedule 8 — Personnel Licensing.

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Schedule 9 — Approved Training Organizations. Schedule 10 — Operations of Aircraft. Schedule 11 — Aerial Work Operations. Schedule 12 — Air Operator Certification and Administration. Schedule 13 — Passenger Carrying Requirements for AOC Holders

and Operators of Large Aircraft. Schedule 14 — AOC Personnel Qualification. Schedule 15 — AOC Key Operations Personnel: Duty Periods, Rest

Periods and Flight Time. Schedule 16 — Air Operator Flight Release Requirements. Schedule 17 — Mass and Balance and Performance for Aircraft Used

in Commercial Air Transport. Schedule 18 — Carriage of Dangerous Goods By Air. Schedule 19 — Aircraft Accident Reporting And Investigation

Requirements.

CIVIL AVIATION (SAFETY) REGULATIONS, 2001 (SECTION 5)

[Commencement 17th April, 2001] 1. These Regulations may be cited as the Civil

Aviation (Safety) Regulations, 2001. 2. These Regulations shall come into force on

such date as the Minister may appoint by Notice in the Gazette ∗

3. For the purposes of the Civil Aviation Act and of these Regulations, the provisions of the Convention on International Civil Aviation signed at Chicago on the 7th December, 1944 (“the Chicago Convention”) and the Annexes thereto together with the Standards and Recom- mended Practices established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) thereunder and such other internationally recognised standards and practices shall be adopted and applied (as appropriate) in The Bahamas.

4. (1) In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires —

“Aerial work” means any purpose (other than commercial air transport) for which an aircraft is flown if valuable consideration is given or promised in respect to the business or purpose of the flight;

∗ Date of commencement: 17th April, 2001 (S.I. 146 of 17th September 2001).

S.I. 60/2001

Citation.

Commencement.

Applicable laws and interpretation. Ch. 284.

Interpretation.

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“Aerodrome” means any area of land or water designed, equipped, set apart or commonly used for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft and includes any area or space, whether on the ground, on the roof of a building or elsewhere, which is designed, equipped or set apart for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft capable of descending or climbing vertically, but shall not include any area the use of which for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft has been abandoned and has not been resumed;

“Aerodrome operating minima” in relation to the operation of an aircraft at an aerodrome means the cloud ceiling and runway visual range for take- off, and the decision height or minimum descent height, runway visual range and visual reference for landing, which are the minimum for the operation of that aircraft at that aerodrome;

“Airman” means any person certificated to perform a service relating to an aircraft, maintenance or flight operation;

“Airman certificate” means any certificate issued to an airman under these Regulations;

“Air Operator Certificate” or “AOC” means a certificate issued by The Bahamas or competent authority of another State authorizing the holder to conduct passenger or cargo operations for remuneration, hire or valuable consideration (see definition of “commercial air transport”)

“AOC holder” means the person or entity to which the AOC has been issued.

“Approach to landing” means that portion of the flight of the aircraft, when approaching to land, in which it is descending below a height of 1000 ft above the relevant specified decision height or minimum descent height;

“Appropriate aeronautical radio station” means in relation to an aircraft an aeronautical radio station serving the area in which the aircraft is for the time being;

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“Appropriate air traffic control unit” means in relation to an aircraft the air traffic control unit serving the area in which the aircraft is for the time being;

“Authorized person” means any person authorized by the Minister either generally or in relation to a particular case or class of cases, and references to a person authorized by the Minister include reference to the holder for the time being of any office designated by the Minister;

“Cargo” includes mail and animals; “Certificate of airworthiness” includes any validation

thereof and any flight manual, performance schedule or other document, whatever its title, incorporated by reference in that certificate relating to the certificate of airworthiness;

“Class A airspace”, “Class B airspace”, “Class C airspace”, “Class D airspace” and “Class E airspace” means airspace respectively notified as such, in accordance with the appropriate Inter- national Civil Aviation Organization definition;

“Ceiling” in relation to an aerodrome means the vertical distance from the elevation of the aerodrome to the lowest part of any cloud visible from the aerodrome which is sufficient to obscure more than one-half of the sky so visible;

“Pilot in command” in relation to an aircraft means the member of the flight crew designated as pilot in command of that aircraft by the operator thereof, or, failing such a person, the person who is for the time being the pilot in command of the aircraft;

“Commercial air transport” means an undertaking whose business includes the carriage by air of passengers or cargo for remuneration, hire or valuable consideration that is not considered aerial work;

“Competent authority” means in relation to The Bahamas, the Minister, and in relation to any other country the authority responsible under the law of that country for promoting the safety of civil aviation;

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“Contracting state” means any State (including The Bahamas) which is party to the Convention on International Civil Aviation;

“Controlled airspace” means airspace which has been notified as Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D or Class E airspace;

“Second in command” in relation to an aircraft means a pilot who in performing his duties as such is subject to the direction of another pilot carried in the aircraft;

“Crew member” means any person required to perform duties on an aircraft in flight;

“Flight” and “to fly” in relation to an aircraft means the time from which it lifts off the surface until it again lands on the surface;

“Flight crew” in relation to an aircraft means those members of the crew of the aircraft who respectively undertake to act as pilot and flight engineer of the aircraft;

“Flight simulator” means apparatus by means of which flight conditions in an aircraft are simulated on the ground;

“General aviation operation” means any aircraft flight operation other than for the purpose or business of commercial air transport or aerial work.

“Licence” includes any certificate of competency or certificate of validity issued with the licence or required to be held in connection with the licence by the law of the country in which the licence is granted;

“Logbook” in the case of an aircraft logbook, engine logbook or variable pitch propeller logbook, or personal flying logbook, includes a record kept either in a book, or by any other means approved by the Minister in the particular case;

“Maximum total weight authorized” in relation to an aircraft means the maximum total weight of the aircraft and its contents at which the aircraft may take off anywhere in the world, in the most favorable circumstances in accordance with the certificate of airworthiness in force in respect of the aircraft;

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“Military aircraft” means the naval, military or air force aircraft of any country and any aircraft in respect of which there is in force a certificate issued by the Minister that the aircraft is to be treated for the purposes of these Regulations as a military aircraft;

“Minister” means the Minister responsible for Civil Aviation;

“Night” means the time between half an hour after sunset until half an hour before sunrise, sunset and sunrise being determined at surface level;

“Notified” means shown in any of the following publications for the time being in force and issued in The Bahamas whether before or after the coming into operation of these Regulations that is to say, “NOTAMs (notices to airmen)”, “Aeronautical information publications (AIP)”, or such other official publications so issued for the purpose of enabling any of the provisions of these Regulations to be complied with;

“Operator” means any person who is responsible for the aircraft for a particular flight;

“Parascending parachute” means a parachute which is towed by cable in such a manner as to cause it to ascend;

“Passenger” means a person other than a member of the crew;

“Pilot in command” in relation to an aircraft means a person who for the time being is in charge of the piloting of the aircraft without being under the direction of any other pilot in the aircraft;

“Prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Minister under these Regulations, and the expression “prescribe” shall be construed accordingly;

“Pressurised aircraft” means an aircraft provided with means of maintaining in any compartment a pressure greater than that of the surrounding atmosphere;

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“Record” includes, in addition to a record in writing — (a) any disc, tape, sound-track or other device

in which sounds or signals are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other instrument) of being reproduced therefrom;

(b) any film, tape or other device in which visual images are embodied so as to be capable (as aforesaid) of being reproduced therefrom; and

(c) any photograph; and any reference to a copy of a record includes, in the case of a record falling within paragraph (A) only of this definition, a transcript of the sounds or signals embodied therein, in the case of a record falling within paragraph (B) only of this definition, a still reproduction of the images embodied therein. and in the case of a record falling within both those paragraphs such a transcript together with such a still reproduction; “Replacement” in relation to any part of an aircraft or

its equipment includes the removal and replacement of that part whether or not by the same part, and whether or not any work is done on it; but does not include the removal and replacement of a part which is designed to be removable solely for the purpose of enabling another part to be inspected, repaired, removed or replaced or cargo to be loaded;

“To land” in relation to aircraft includes alighting on the water;

“Valuable consideration” means the exchange of services, goods, equipment, or money.

(2) Additional definitions are contained in the Schedules to these Regulations, beginning with Schedule 1.

(3) An aircraft shall be deemed to be in flight from the moment when, after the embarkation of its crew for the purpose of taking off, it first moves under its own power, until the moment when it next comes to rest after landing; and the expressions “a flight,” “to fly” and “flight time” shall be construed accordingly.

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(4) Every person employed or engaged in an aircraft in flight on the business of the aircraft shall be deemed to be a member of the crew thereof.

(5) References in these Regulations to the operator of an aircraft are, for the purposes of the application of any provision of these Regulations in relation to any particular aircraft, references to the person who at the relevant time has the management of that aircraft, and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly.

(6) A power to issue directions under these Regula- tions shall include the power to make different provisions with respect to different classes of aircraft, aerodromes, persons or property and with respect to different circum- stances and with respect to different parts of The Bahamas and to make such incidental and supplementary provisions as are necessary or expedient for carrying out the purposes of these Regulations.

(7) Any power conferred by these Regulations to issue, make, serve or grant any instrument shall be construed as including a power exercisable, in the like manner and subject to the like conditions, if any, to vary, revoke, cancel or otherwise terminate the instrument.

(8) For the purpose of these Regulations, the term “instrument” will refer to a document issued by the Government of The Bahamas and includes any regula- tions, direction, instruction, rule or other requirement, any notice and any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorizations, logbook record or other document. The term “instruments” will refer to aircraft components used by the flight crew for the purpose of flight and navigation.

PART I ENFORCEMENT OF THESE REGULATIONS

5. Any person who without reasonable excuse fails to comply with any directive given to him under any provision of these Regulations or directions made there- under shall be deemed for the purposes of these Regula- tions to have contravened that provision.

Enforcement of directions.

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6. The Minister may, if he thinks fit, provisionally issue a decision to take action to enforce the regulations that have been contravened, including but not limited to —

(a) re-examination for original certification basis or competence;

(b) assess a monetary penalty for contravention of the requirements of a regulation or Schedule;

(c) suspend or vary a document; (d) revoke, suspend or vary a permit; and (e) prevent flying. 7. (1) The Minister may, if he thinks fit,

provisionally suspend or vary any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorizations or other document issued, granted or having effect under these Regulations, pending inquiry into or consideration of the case. The Minister may, on sufficient ground being shown to his satisfaction after due inquiry, revoke, suspend or vary any such certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption, authorizations or other document.

(2) The holder or any person having the possession or custody of any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption or other document which has been revoked, suspended or varied under these Regulations shall surrender it to the Minister within a reasonable time after being required to do so by the Minister.

(3) The breach of any condition subject to which any certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption or other document, other than a licence issued in respect of an aerodrome, has been granted or issued, or which has effect under these Regulations shall, in the absence of provision to the contrary in the document, render the document invalid during the continuance of the breach.

(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this regulation, a flight manual, performance schedule or other document incorporated by reference in the certificate of airworthiness may be varied on sufficient ground being shown to the satisfaction of the Minister, whether or not after due inquiry.

8. (1) Subject to the provisions of this regulation, the Minister may revoke, suspend or vary any permit to which this regulation applies.

Minister’s decision.

Revocation, suspension and variation of documents.

Revocation, suspension and variation of permits.

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(2) Save as provided by paragraph (3), the Minister may exercise his powers under paragraph (1) only after notifying the permit holder of his intention to do so and after due consideration of the case.

(3) If, by reason of the urgency of the matter, it appears to the Minister to be necessary for him to do so, he may provisionally suspend or vary a permit to which this regulation applies without complying with the require- ments of paragraph (2); but he shall in any such case comply with those requirements as soon thereafter as is reasonably practicable and shall then, in the light of his due consideration of the case, either:

(a) revoke the provisional suspension or variation of the permit; or

(b) substitute therefor a definitive revocation, susp- ension or variation, which, if a definitive suspension, may be for the same or a different period as the provisional suspension (if any) or, if a definitive variation, may be in the same or different terms as the provisional variation (if any).

(4) The powers vested in the Minister by paragraph (1) or paragraph (3) may be exercised by him whenever, in his judgment and whether or not by reason of anything done or omitted to be done by the permit-holder or otherwise connected with the permit-holder, it is necessary or expedient that the permit-holder should not enjoy, or should no longer enjoy, the rights conferred on him by a permit to which this regulation applies or should enjoy them subject to such limitations or qualifications as the Minister may determine. In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, the Minister may exercise his said powers if:

(a) it appears to him that the person to whom the permit was granted has committed a breach of any condition to which it is subject;

(b) it appears to him that any agreement between the Government of The Bahamas and the Govern- ment of any other country in pursuance of which or in reliance on which the permit was granted is no longer in force or that that other Government has committed a breach thereof;

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(c) it appears to him that the person to whom the permit was granted, or such other Government as aforesaid (that is to say, a Government which is a party to such an agreement as aforesaid with the Government of The Bahamas), or the aeronautical authorities of the country con- cerned, have acted in a manner which is inconsistent with or prejudicial to the operation in good faith, and according to its object and purpose, of any such agreement as aforesaid, or have engaged in unfair, discriminatory or re- strictive practices to the prejudice of the holder of a licence granted under regulation 8 of the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Re- gulations, 1976 or the holder of a permit granted under regulation 23 of the said regulations in his operation of air services to or from points in the country concerned; or

(d) it appears to him that the person to whom the permit was granted, having been granted it as a person designated by the Government of a country other than The Bahamas for the purposes of any such agreement as aforesaid, is no longer so designated or that that person has so conducted himself, or that such circumstances have arisen in relation to him, as to make it necessary or expedient to disregard or qualify the consequences of his being so designated.

(5) The permit-holder or any person having the possession or custody of any permit which has been revoked, suspended or varied under this regulation shall surrender it to the Minister within a reasonable time of being required by him to do so.

(6) The breach of any condition subject to which any permit to which this regulation applies has been granted shall render the permit invalid during the continuance of the breach.

(7) The permits to which this regulation applies are permissions granted by the Minister under these Regula- tions, and any approvals or authorizations of, or consents to, any matter which the Minister has granted, or is deemed to have granted, in pursuance of a permission which he has so granted.

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(8) References in this regulation to the “permit- holder” are references to the person to whom any permit to which this regulation applies has been granted or is deemed to have been granted.

9. (1) If any provision of these Regulations or any directions thereunder is contravened in relation to an aircraft, the operator of that aircraft and the pilot in command thereof shall (without prejudice to the liability of any other person under these Regulations for that contra- vention) be deemed for the purposes of the following provisions of this regulation to have contravened that provision unless he proves that the contravention occurred without his consent or connivance and that he exercised all due diligence to prevent that contravention.

(2) If it is proved that an act or omission of any person which would otherwise have been a contravention of these Regulations was due to any cause not avoidable by the exercise of reasonable care by that person the act or omission shall be deemed not to be a contravention by that person of that provision.

(3) Where a person is charged with contravening any regulation or associated Schedule by reason of his having been a member of the flight crew of an aircraft on a flight for the purpose of commercial air transport or aerial work the flight shall be treated (without prejudice to the liability of any other person under these Regulations) as not having been for that purpose if he proves that he neither knew nor suspected that the flight was for that purpose.

(4) If any person contravenes these Regulations or the applicable Schedules, not being a provision referred to in paragraphs (5) and (6) of this regulation, he shall be guilty, of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding six hundred dollars for each offence and each flight.

(5) If any person contravenes any provision specified in Part A of Schedule 2 he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding fifteen hundred dollars for each offence and each flight.

(6) If any person contravenes any provision specified in Part B of the said Schedule he shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding three thousand dollars for each offence and each

Penalties.

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flight and on conviction on indictment to a fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or both.

10. (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any decision of the Minister that a person is not a fit person to hold a licence to act as an aircraft maintenance technician, member of a flight crew of an aircraft, or as the management of an approved maintenance or training organization, or the management of an air operator, and if the court is satisfied on the evidence submitted to the Minister he was wrong in so deciding, the court may reverse the Minister’s decision and the Minister shall give effect to the court’s determination:

Provided that an appeal shall not lie from a decision of the Minister that a person is not qualified to hold the licence by reason of a deficiency in his knowledge, experience, competence, skill, physical or mental fitness.

(2) The respondent to any appeal under this regula- tion shall be the Attorney General of The Bahamas.

(3) For the purposes of any provision relating to the time within which an appeal may be brought, the Minister’s decision shall be deemed to have been taken on the date on which the Minister furnished a statement of his reasons for the decision to the applicant for the licence, or as the case may be, the holder or former holder of it.

PART II FLIGHT STANDARDS INSPECTORATE

11. The Minister shall establish a Flight Standards Inspectorate comprised of technically qualified aviation safety inspectors to conduct the necessary technical evaluations, inspections and investigations required to meet The Bahamas’ ICAO responsibilities for safety oversight for:

(a) registration of aircraft; (b) airworthiness of aircraft; (c) personnel licensing; (d) operations of aircraft; (e) aerial work; (f) commercial air transport; (g) carriage of dangerous goods; and (h) accident investigation.

Appeal to Supreme Court.

Function of the Flight Standards Inspectorate.

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12. (1) The Manager of the Flight Standards Inspectorate shall have the delegated authority to issue any licence, certificate, approval or other written document in support of the functions assigned to it and to perform such acts and to conduct such investigations on behalf of the Director pursuant to and in accordance with these Regulations.

(2) The Flight Standards Inspectorate may by means of Aviation Information Circulars (AIC), Airworthiness Notices (AWN), Aeronautical Information Publications (AIP), Notices to Airmen (NOTAMS), Notices of Non Compliance (NNC), and other documents develop, issue and revise instructions, directions, rules and procedures or prescribe requirements to give effect to the provisions of the Chicago Convention and the Annexes thereto and the Standards and Recommended Practices of ICAO as well as the provisions of the Civil Aviation Act and of these Regulations, relating to the operation, use, possession, maintenance or operations of aircraft flying in or over The Bahamas or of aircraft registered in The Bahamas or of aircraft operated by the holder of an Air Operator Certificate (AOC) issued under these Regulations.

13. The aviation safety inspectors assigned to the Flight Standards Inspectorate shall have the status of authorised persons under these Regulations and shall be issued a unique credential for the performance of their functions.

14. No person shall possess or use these aviation safety inspector credentials unless:

(a) he is employed by the Government of The Bahamas to perform the functions of the Flight Standards Inspectorate; and

(b) he is using the credential in the performance of a specific function of the Flight Standards Inspec- torate.

15. (1) The Minister, or any authorized person, shall have the right to carry out audits or surveillance or to require any person to produce documents or any other article for the purpose of detecting any contravention of these Regulations.

Delegation of powers.

Authorising credential.

Possession of credential.

Authorized persons’ powers and duties.

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(2) Any person who, having been required in terms of paragraph (1) to produce any document or other article, without lawful cause makes a statement that is false in any material particular, or fails to produce any document or other article which is in his possession or control or to which he has access, shall be guilty of an offence.

(3) An authorized person shall have the right to enter and inspect any aerodrome, hanger or other place (at which an aircraft is located or stored), aircraft or any organization performing tasks and services related to aviation safety and to inspect any aircraft, aircraft equipment, components, materials, facilities, personnel or crew members for the purpose of ensuring that the provisions of the Act and these Regulations have been, or are being complied with.

(4) Where it appears to any authorized person that an aircraft is intended or likely to be flown in such circumstances that the flight would involve an offence against these Regulations or be a cause of danger to persons in the aircraft or to persons or property on the ground, he may take such action by way of detention of the aircraft or such other action necessary for the purpose of inspecting the aircraft or causing the circumstances of the flight to be investigated.

(5) Where an aircraft has been detained pursuant to (4) above such aircraft shall not be operated until the Minister, being satisfied that these Regulations are being complied with, approves or until such modifications or repairs have been effected as the Minister considers necessary to render the aircraft fit for flight.

(6) For the purpose of exercising his responsibilities under these Regulations any authorized person shall be issued with and carry at all times the means of identifica- tion referred to in regulation 13.

(7) No person shall intentionally obstruct or impede any authorized person acting in the exercise of his powers or the performance of his duties under these Regulations.

16. (1) The Minister may cause such evaluations, inspections, investigations, tests, experiment, and flight trials to be made as it deems necessary for the purposes of these Regulations. Any person authorized in writing by the Minister to conduct these inspections, investigations and

Access and inspection.

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observations may, at any reasonable time, inspect any aircraft, personnel, facilities, and records in operations subject to these Regulations. This access shall be free and uninterrupted.

(2) The Director or any person authorized shall, have the right of access at all reasonable times —

(a) to any aerodrome for the purpose of inspecting the aerodrome or any aircraft on the aerodrome or any document which it has power, in terms of these Regulations, to demand, or for the purpose of detaining the aircraft in terms of these Regulations;

(b) to any place, whether public or private, where an aircraft is located for the purpose of inspecting the aircraft or any document which it or such person has power, in terms of these Regulations, to demand or for the purpose of detaining the aircraft in terms of these Regulations;

(c) to any aircraft, for the purpose of checking, whilst in flight, the performance of the aircraft or any of its equipment and the efficiency of flight crew members in the performance of their duties:

Provided that the safety of commercial operations of the aircraft shall not be unduly prejudiced by the exercise of the right of access in terms of this regulation.

17. (1) An authorized person shall have the power to inspect and copy any certificate, licence, logbook, docu- ment or record which he has the power pursuant to these Regulations and any directions issued thereunder to require to be produced to him.

(2) No person may obstruct, impede or otherwise interfere with the copying of the documents in paragraph (1) by an authorised person.

18. (1) Each person involved or participating in an aviation activity shall, within a reasonable time after being requested to do so by an authorized person, cause to be produced to that person the certificates and documents which he is required to have, carry, complete or preserve during the course of his activities. This will include airmen and medical certificates, operational and maintenance manuals and records as required by these Regulations and the Schedules applicable to that activity.

Power to inspect and copy.

Production of documents and records.

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(2) The holder of a licence granted or rendered valid under these Regulations shall, within a reasonable time after being requested to do so by an authorized person, cause to be produced to that person his licence, including any certificate of validation. The requirements of this paragraph shall be deemed to have been complied with, except in relation to licences required by these Regulations to be carried in the aircraft or kept at an aerodrome, if the licence requested is produced within five days after the request has been made to the Flight Standards Inspecto- rate.

19. (1) If it appears to the Minister or an authorized person that any aircraft is intended or likely to be flown —

(a) in such circumstances that the flight would be a cause of danger to any person or property whether or not in the aircraft and in contra- vention of any provision of these Regulations or any directions issued thereunder; or

(b) while in a condition unfit for the flight, whether or not the flight would otherwise be in contra- vention of any provision of these Regulations or of any directions issued thereunder,

the Minister or that authorized person may direct the operator or the pilot in command of the aircraft that he is not to permit the aircraft to make the particular flight or any other flight of such description as may be specified in the direction, until the direction has been revoked by the Minister or by an authorized person, and the Minister or that authorized person may take such steps as are necessary to detain the aircraft.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1) of this regulation the Minister or any authorized person may enter upon and inspect any aircraft.

(3) If it appears to the Minister or an authorized person that any aircraft is intended or likely to be flown in such circumstances that any provision under these Regulations or provision relating to the licensing of air transport in The Bahamas would be contravened in relation to the flight the Minister or that authorized person may direct the operator or the pilot in command of the aircraft that he is not to permit the aircraft to make a particular flight or any other flight of such description as may be specified in the direction until the direction has

Power to prevent aircraft flying.

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been revoked by the Minister or any authorized person, may take such steps as are necessary to detain the aircraft.

(4) For the purposes of paragraph (3) of this regulation the Minister or any authorized person may enter upon any aerodrome and may enter upon and inspect any aircraft.

PART III REPORTS, DOCUMENTS, AND RECORDS 20. (1) Every person who is the operator or pilot in

command of an aircraft which is registered in The Bahamas or a commercial air transport aircraft not registered in The Bahamas but operated by the holder of an air operator’s certificate issued in The Bahamas; or carries on the business of inspecting, manufacturing, repairing or overhauling such an aircraft, or any equipment or part thereof; or signs a release to service, or release to service in respect of such an aircraft, part or equipment shall make the reports to the Minister —

(a) which are specified in these Regulations and applicable Schedules; or

(b) upon his request for such information as specified in a notice in writing served upon the person, being information which is in this person’s possession or control and which relates to a reportable occurrence which has been reported by him or by another person to the Minister in accordance with this regulation.

(2) The reports shall be made within such time, by such means, and shall contain such information as is so specified and it shall be presented in such form as the Minister may require.

(3) In this regulation “reportable occurrence” means —

(a) any incident relating to such an aircraft or any defect in or malfunctioning of such an aircraft or any part or equipment of such an aircraft, being an incident, malfunctioning or defect endanger- ing, or which, if not corrected, would endanger, the aircraft, its occupants, or any other person; and

Mandatory reporting.

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(b) any defect in or malfunctioning of any facility on the ground used or intended to be used for purposes of or in connection with the operation of such an aircraft, being a defect or malfunc- tioning endangering, or which, if not corrected, would endanger, such an aircraft or its occu- pants.

(4) Subject to paragraph (1)(a) of this regulation, nothing in this regulation shall require a person to report any occurrence which he has reason to believe has been or will be reported by another person to the Minister in accordance with this regulation.

(5) A person shall not make any report under this regulation if he knows or has reason to believe that the report is false in any particular.

21. (1) An aircraft shall not fly in or over The Bahamas unless it carries the documents which it is required to carry under the law of the country in which it is registered.

(2) An aircraft registered in The Bahamas shall, when in flight, carry documents in accordance with these Regulations provided that, if the flight is intended to begin and end at the same aerodrome and does not include passage over the territory of any country other than The Bahamas, the documents may be kept at that aerodrome instead of being carried in the aircraft.

22. (1) A person required by these Regulations and the applicable Schedules to preserve any document or record shall continue to preserve that document or record, and in the event of his death the duty to preserve the document or record shall fall upon his designated representative.

(2) A person assigned under these Regulations and the applicable Schedules to preserve any document or record shall continue to preserve that document or record until such time as the responsibility may be transferred to another assigned person.

23. (1) A person shall not with intent to deceive — (a) use any certificate, licence, approval, permission,

exemption or other document issued or required

Documents to be carried.

Preservation of documents.

Offences in relation to documents and records.

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by or under these Regulations which has been forged, altered, revoked or suspended, or to which he is not entitled; or

(b) lend any certificate, licence, approval, permis- sion, exemption or other document issued or having effect or required by or under these Regulations to, or allow it to be used by, any other person; or

(c) make any false representation for the purpose of procuring for himself or any other person the grant, issue, renewal or variation of any such certificate, licence, approval, permission or exemption or other document,

and in this paragraph a reference to a certificate, licence, approval, permission, exemption or other document includes a copy or purported copy thereof.

(2) A person shall not intentionally damage, alter or render illegible any logbook or other record required by or under these Regulations to be maintained or any entry made therein, or —

(a) knowingly make, or procure or assist in the making of, any false entry in or material omission from any such logbook or record; or

(b) destroy any such logbook or record during the period for which it is required under these Regulations to be preserved.

(3) All entries made in writing in any logbook or record referred to in paragraph (2) of this regulation shall be made in ink or indelible pencil.

(4) A person shall not purport to issue any certificate for the purposes of these Regulations or any directions made thereunder unless he is authorized to do so under these Regulations.

(5) A person shall not issue any such certificate as aforesaid unless he has satisfied himself that all statements in the certificate are correct.

PART IV REGISTRATION AND MARKING OF AIRCRAFT

24. (1) An aircraft shall not fly in or over The Bahamas unless it is registered in —

(a) a Contracting State; or

Aircraft to be registered.

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(b) some other country in relation to which there is in force an agreement between the Government of The Bahamas and the Government of that country which makes provision for the flight over The Bahamas of aircraft registered in that country:

Provided that this paragraph shall not apply to any kite or captive v balloon.

(2) If an aircraft flies over The Bahamas in contra- vention of paragraph (1) of this regulation in such manner or circumstances that if the aircraft had been registered in The Bahamas an offence against these Regulations would have been committed, the like offence shall be deemed to have been committed in respect of that aircraft.

25. (1) The Minister shall, subject to the provisions of this Part, register aircraft in The Bahamas and for this purpose shall cause a register to be kept and may record therein the particulars specified in paragraph (7).

(2) Subject to the provisions of this regulation, an aircraft shall not be registered or continue to be registered in The Bahamas if it appears to the Minister that —

(a) the aircraft is registered outside The Bahamas and that such registration does not cease by operation of law upon the aircraft being regis- tered in The Bahamas;

(b) an unqualified person holds any legal or beneficial interest by way of ownership in the aircraft or any share therein;

(c) it would be inexpedient in the public interest for the aircraft to be or to continue to be registered in The Bahamas; or

(d) the aircraft does not qualify for the issue of a certificate of airworthiness in accordance with the provisions of regulation 28.

(3) The following persons and no others shall be qualified to hold a legal or beneficial interest by way of ownership in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or a share therein —

(a) the Government of The Bahamas; (b) a citizen or permanent resident of The Bahamas

or other such persons as the Minister shall approve;

Registration of aircraft.

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(c) a company incorporated in The Bahamas under the Companies Act and having its principal place of business in The Bahamas.

(4) If any unqualified person residing or having a place of business in The Bahamas holds a legal or beneficial interest by way of ownership in an aircraft, or a share therein, the Minister, upon being satisfied that the aircraft may otherwise be properly so registered, may register the aircraft in The Bahamas and such person shall not cause or permit the aircraft, while it is registered in pursuance of this paragraph, to be used for the purpose of commercial air transport or aerial work.

(5) If an aircraft is sold under a contract of hire- purchase, let on hire or chartered by demise to a person qualified under paragraph (3), the Minister may, whether or not an unqualified person is entitled as owner to a legal or beneficial interest therein, register the aircraft in The Bahamas in the name of the hire purchaser, lessee or charterer upon being satisfied that the aircraft may otherwise be properly so registered, and subject to the provisions of this regulation the aircraft may remain so registered during the continuation of the contract, lease or charter.

(6) Application for the registration of an aircraft in The Bahamas shall be made in writing to the Minister, and shall include or be accompanied by such particulars and evidence relating to the aircraft and the ownership and chartering thereof as the Minister may require to enable him to determine whether the aircraft may properly be registered in The Bahamas and to issue the certificate referred to in paragraph (8).

(7) Upon receiving an application for the registration of an aircraft in The Bahamas and being satisfied that the aircraft may properly be so registered, the Minister shall register the aircraft, wherever it may be, and shall include in the register the following particulars —

(a) the number of the certificate; (b) the nationality mark of the aircraft, and the

registration mark assigned to it by the Minister; (c) the name of the constructor of the aircraft and its

designation; (d) the serial number of the aircraft; and

Ch. 308.

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(e) (i) the name and address of every person who is entitled as owner to a legal interest in the aircraft or a share therein, or, in the case of an aircraft which is the subject of a charter by demise, the name and address of the charterer by demise; and

(ii) in the case of an aircraft registered in pursuance of paragraph (4) or (5) of this regulation, an indication that it is so registered.

(8) The Minister shall furnish to the person in whose name the aircraft is registered (hereinafter in this regulation referred to as “the registered owner”) a certificate of registration, which shall include the particulars specified in paragraph (7) and the date on which the certificate was issued.

(9) The Minister may grant to any person qualified under paragraph (3) an aircraft dealer’s certificate if the Minister is satisfied that such person has a place of business in The Bahamas for buying and selling aircraft.

(10) Subject to paragraphs (4) and (5), if at any time after an aircraft has been registered in The Bahamas an unqualified person becomes entitled to a legal or beneficial interest by way of ownership in the aircraft or a share therein, the registration of the aircraft shall thereupon become void and the certificate of registration shall forthwith be returned by the registered owner to the Minister.

(11) Any person who is the registered owner of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas shall inform the Minister forthwith in writing of —

(a) any change in the particulars which were furnished to the Minister upon application being made for the registration of the aircraft;

(b) the destruction of the aircraft, or its permanent withdrawal from use; or

(c) in the case of an aircraft registered in pursuance of paragraph (5), the termination of the demise charter.

(12) Any person who becomes the owner of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas shall within twenty- eight days thereof inform the Minister in writing to that effect.

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(13) The Minister may, whenever it appears to be necessary or appropriate to do so for giving effect to this Part of these Regulations or for bringing up to date or otherwise correcting the particulars entered on the register, amend the register or, if he thinks fit, may cancel the registration of the aircraft, and shall cancel that registration within two months of being satisfied that there has been a change in the ownership of the aircraft.

(14) The Minister may issue directions to adapt or modify the foregoing provisions of this regulation as he deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of providing for the temporary transfer of aircraft to or from The Bahamas register, either generally or in relation to a particular case or class of cases.

(15) In this regulation references to an interest in an aircraft do not include references to an interest in an aircraft to which a person is entitled only by virtue of his membership of a flying club and the reference in paragraph (11) to the registered owner of an aircraft includes in the case of a deceased person, his legal personal representative, and in the case of a body corporate which has been dissolved, its successor.

(16) Nothing in this regulation shall require the Minister to cancel the registration of an aircraft unless in his opinion it would be in expedient in the public interest to do so.

26. (1) An aircraft(other than aircraft permitted by or under these Regulations to fly without being registered) shall not fly in or over The Bahamas unless it bears painted thereon or affixed thereto, in the manner required by the law of the country in which it is registered, the nationality and registration marks required by that law.

(2) The marks to be borne by aircraft registered in The Bahamas shall comply with Schedule 3.

(3) An aircraft shall not bear any marks which purport to indicate —

(a) that the aircraft is registered in a country in which it is not in fact registered; or

(b) that the aircraft is a State aircraft (as defined in the Chicago Convention at Article 3) of a particular country if it is not in fact such an

Nationality and registration marks.

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aircraft, unless the appropriate authority of that country has sanctioned the bearing of such marks.

PART V AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT

27. (1) A Type Certificate with respect to an aircraft, engine or propeller means a document issued by the manufacturer, and approved by the appropriate authority of the State of manufacture, certifying that the type design of the aircraft, engine or propeller and of the variants specified on the Type Data Sheet, comply with the certification basis to which the certificate refers. The Type Certificate includes; the type certificate data sheet, the type design, the operating limitations and any other conditions or limitations prescribed for the aircraft.

(2) Any person who intends to operate an aircraft to be registered in The Bahamas for commercial air transport or aerial work purposes shall apply to the Minister for the issue, acceptance or validation of a Type Certificate as provided in Schedule 4 for that aircraft, in accordance with this regulation and the requirements of the Minister from time to time.

(3) An applicant for a Type Certificate of an aircraft, or for the acceptance or validation thereof, shall submit with the application detailed data identifying the airworthiness standards to which the aircraft was designed and data which describes the design, construction and performance of that aircraft.

(4) The Minister shall accept or validate a Type Certificate, in respect of any aircraft, engine or propeller that is imported into The Bahamas, subject to such conditions or limitations as it shall consider appropriate and in accordance with Schedule 4, provided that —

(a) the airworthiness authority of the State of manufacture has issued a Type Certificate on the basis of Federal Aviation Regulations or Joint Air Regulations; and

(b) the Type Certificate approval basis meets the airworthiness requirements laid down by the Minister;

Type Certificate.

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in any other case, the Minister may in its discretion accept or validate a Type Certificate that is issued by the airworthiness authority of the State of manufacture and the Type Certificate approval basis meets the airworthiness requirements laid down by the Minister.

(5) It shall be an offence for a person to maintain or operate an aircraft contrary to the Type Certificate that was used in the issuance of the certificate of airworthiness.

28. (1) An aircraft shall not fly in or over The Bahamas unless there is in force in respect thereof a certificate of airworthiness duly issued or rendered valid in under the law of the country in which the aircraft is registered, and any conditions subject to which the certificate was issued or rendered valid are complied with:

Provided that the foregoing prohibition shall not apply to flights, beginning and ending in The Bahamas without passing over any other country, of —

(a) an aircraft flying in accordance with a Special Airworthiness Certificate issued pursuant to Schedule 5; or

(b) an aircraft flying in accordance with the condi- tions of a permit to fly issued by the Minister in respect of that aircraft.

(2) In the case of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas the certificate of airworthiness referred to in paragraph (1) shall be a certificate issued in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.

(3) The Minister shall issue in respect of any aircraft a certificate of airworthiness if he is satisfied that the aircraft is fit to fly having regard to —

(a) the design, construction, workmanship and materials of the aircraft (including in particular any engines fitted therein), and of any equipment carried in the aircraft which he considers necessary for the airworthiness of the aircraft; and

(b) the results of flying trials, and such other tests of the aircraft as he may require:

Provided that, if the Minister has issued a certificate of airworthiness in respect of an aircraft which, in his opinion, is a prototype aircraft or a modification of a

Certificate of airworthiness.

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prototype aircraft, he may dispense with flying trials in the case of any other aircraft if he is satisfied that it conforms to such prototype or modification.

(4) Every certificate of airworthiness shall specify such conditions as are, in the opinion of the Minister, appropriate to the aircraft in accordance with Schedule 5 and the certificate shall be issued subject to the condition that the aircraft shall be flown only for the purposes indicated on that certificate or associated certificates.

(5) The Minister may issue the certificate of airworthiness subject to such other conditions relating to the airworthiness of the aircraft as he thinks fit.

(6) The certificate of airworthiness may designate the performance group of the aircraft.

(7) The Minister may, subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, issue a certificate of validation rendering valid for the purposes of these Regulations a certificate of airworthiness issued in respect of any aircraft under the law of any country other than The Bahamas.

(8) Subject to the provisions of these Regulations, a certificate of airworthiness or validation issued under this regulation shall remain in force for such period as may be specified on the certificate, but may be reviewed by the Minister from time to time to determine that the aircraft conforms to the applicable airworthiness requirements.

(9) A certificate of airworthiness or a certificate of validation issued in respect of an aircraft shall cease to be in force —

(a) if the aircraft, or such of its equipment as is necessary for the airworthiness of the aircraft, is overhauled, repaired or modified, or if any part of the aircraft or of such equipment is removed or is replaced, otherwise than in a manner and with material of a type approved by the Minister either generally or in relation to a class of aircraft or to the particular aircraft;

(b) until the completion of any inspection of the aircraft or of any such equipment as aforesaid, being an inspection made for the purpose of ascertaining whether the aircraft remains air- worthy and —

(i) classified as mandatory by the Minister; or

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(ii) required by a maintenance program ap- proved by the Minister in relation to that aircraft; or

(c) until the completion to the satisfaction of the Minister of any modification of the aircraft or of any such equipment as aforesaid, being a modification required by the Minister for the purpose of ensuring that the aircraft remains airworthy.

(10) Nothing in these Regulations shall oblige the Minister to accept an application for the issue of a certificate of airworthiness or validation or for the variation or renewal of any such certificate when the application is not supported by such reports from such approved persons as the Minister may specify (either generally or in a particular case or class of cases).

29. (1) In the interest of safety, the Minister may order that an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by a holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations, aircraft engine, propeller or component shall be modified or undergo special inspections. Such orders shall constitute Airworthiness Directives and compliance is mandatory. Airworthiness Directives, or their equivalent, issued by other contracting States and Mandatory Service Bulletins issued by an aircraft manufacturer shall be complied with.

(2) Each owner or operator of a Bahamas registered aircraft and each holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations shall ensure that he receives all Airworthiness Directives and Mandatory Service Bulletins that affect his aircraft and that are issued by the Minister, the authority in the State of manufacture, the type certificate holder or the manufacturer.

(3) On the issue of an applicable Airworthiness Directive or Mandatory Service Bulletin the owner or operator of a Bahamas registered aircraft and each holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations shall take such action as shall be prescribed by the Minister and shall record the details of all actions taken in the logbook and other technical records of the aircraft. Mandatory, or optional, repairs or modifications shall be embodied only in accordance with approved data specified and in accordance with the instructions issued by the Minister or the State of manufacture, the type certificate holder or the manufacturer, as the case may be.

Airworthiness Directives, modifications and repairs.

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(4) All modifications or repairs carried out shall be subject to approval by the Minister in accordance with detailed drawings and other technical data adequate to define completely the proposed modification and using approved materials, parts and processes conforming to the manufacturer’s specifications and in accordance with a technical assessment showing compliance with an ap- proved design standard.

30. (1) An aircraft registered in The Bahamas in respect of which a certificate of airworthiness is in force shall not fly unless —

(a) the aircraft (including in particular its engines), together with its equipment and radio station, is maintained in accordance with a maintenance program developed in accordance with the Regulations applicable to the type of operation;

(b) the required inspections of the aircraft have been completed in accordance with the Regulations applicable to the type of operation;

(c) there is a flight manual (or other approved document) carried on, and available in, the aircraft, in such form as shall be approved by the Minister, for the use of the flight crew containing the limitations within which the aircraft is considered airworthy, together with such additional instructions and information as may be necessary to show compliance with the Regulations relating to performance and for the safe operation of the aircraft.

(2) The holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations, or other operator of an aircraft, shall ensure that an aircraft registered in The Bahamas shall be maintained and periodically inspected in accordance with the requirements of the approved data and manuals issued by the manufacturer and in accordance with the main- tenance program issued by the manufacturer and approved by the Minister and that all Airworthiness Directives and Mandatory Service Bulletins are complied with, and shall ensure that an organization, approved by the Minister shall maintain its aircraft in an airworthy condition and in accordance with the approved maintenance program.

Continued airworthiness.

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(3) The approved maintenance program referred to in paragraph (1) shall specify the occasions on which an inspection must be carried out for the purpose of issuing a release to service in accordance with this regulation and the applicable Schedules.

(4) A release to service may be issued for the purpose of this regulation only by —

(a) the holder of an aircraft maintenance technician licence —

(i) granted under these Regulations and the applicable Schedules and entitling the holder to issue that release to service; or

(ii) granted under the law of a country other than The Bahamas and rendered valid under these Regulations in accordance with the ratings, privileges and limitations of the licence;

(b) a person whom the Minister has authorized to issue a release to service in a particular case, and in accordance with that authority;

(c) a maintenance organization approved by the Minister; or

(d) a person approved by the Minister as being competent to issue such a release to service, and in accordance with that approval:

Provided that, in approving a maintenance program, the Minister may direct that a release to service relating to that program, or to any part thereof specified in its direction, may be issued only by the holder of such a licence as is so specified.

(5) A person referred to in paragraph (3) shall not issue a release to service unless he has first verified that —

(a) maintenance has been carried out on the aircraft in accordance with the maintenance program approved for that aircraft;

(b) inspections and modifications required by the Minister and the applicable requirements have been completed as certified in the relevant release to service;

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(c) defects entered in the aircraft logbook or technical log of the aircraft in accordance with the Regulations have been rectified or the rectification thereof has been deferred in accor- dance with procedures approved by the Minister; and

(d) certificates of release to service have been issued in accordance with the Regulations;

and for this purpose the operator of the aircraft shall make available to that person such information as is necessary.

(6) A release to service shall be issued in duplicate and one copy of the most recently issued release to service shall be carried in the aircraft when the Regulations so require, and the other shall be kept by the operator elsewhere than in the aircraft.

(7) Subject to the provisions regarding retention of documents in this Regulation and its applicable Schedules, each release to service shall be preserved by the operator of the aircraft for a period of two years after it has been issued.

31. (1) A aircraft logbook or technical log shall be kept in respect of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or an aircraft operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations.

(2) At the end of every flight by an aircraft operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations, the pilot in command shall enter in the aircraft logbook or technical log the information required under these Regulations applicable to the type of operation, and sign and date such entries.

(3) Upon the rectification of any defect which has been entered in a technical log in accordance with paragraph (2) a person issuing a release to service required by Regulation and Schedules in respect of that defect shall enter that information in the aircraft logbook or technical log in such a position as to be readily identifiable with the defect to which it relates.

(4) The aircraft technical log referred to in this regulation shall be carried in the aircraft as required by the applicable Regulation and Schedules, and copies of the entries referred to in this regulation shall be kept on the ground:

Aircraft records.

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Provided that, in the case of an aeroplane of which the maximum total weight authorized does not exceed 2,730 kg, or a helicopter, if it is not reasonably practicable for the copy of the technical log to be kept on the ground the copy may be carried in the aeroplane or helicopter, as the case may be, in a container approved by the Minister for that purpose.

32. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), an aircraft registered in The Bahamas, being an aircraft in respect of which a certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered valid under these Regulations is in force, shall not fly unless there is in force a release to service issued in accordance with this regulation if the aircraft or any part of the aircraft or such of its equipment as is necessary for the airworthiness of the aircraft has been overhauled, repaired, replaced, modified, maintained, or has been inspected as required by the Regulations, as the case may be.

(2) Neither — (a) equipment provided in compliance with Schedule

7; nor (b) radio apparatus provided for use in an aircraft or

in any survival craft carried in an aircraft, whether or not such apparatus is provided in compliance with these Regulations,

shall be installed or placed on board for use in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by a holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations after being over- hauled, repaired, modified or inspected, unless there is in force in respect thereof at the time when it is installed or placed on board a release to service issued in accordance with this regulation.

(3) A release to service shall — (a) certify that the aircraft or any part thereof or its

equipment has been overhauled, repaired, re- placed, modified or maintained, as the case may be, in a manner and with material of a type approved by the Minister either generally or in relation to a class of aircraft or the particular aircraft and shall identify the overhaul, repair, replacement, modification or maintenance to which the certificate relates and shall include particulars of the work done; or

Inspection, overhaul, repair, replacement and modification.

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(b) certify in relation to any inspection required by the Minister that the aircraft or the part thereof or its equipment, as the case may be, has been inspected in accordance with the requirements of the Minister and that any consequential repair, replacement or modification has been carried out as aforesaid.

(4) Subject to the provisions of these Regulations regarding retention of such documents, a release to service shall be preserved by the operator of the aircraft to which it relates for the period of time for which he is required to preserve the logbook relating to the same part of the aircraft or to the same equipment or apparatus as the case may be.

(5) In this regulation, the expression “repair” includes in relation to a compass the adjustment and compensation thereof and the expression “repaired” shall be construed accordingly.

33. (1) An organization engaged, or intending to engage, in any stage of the design, manufacture, distribu- tion or maintenance of aircraft, aircraft components or aircraft materials, or in training activities associated therewith, may apply to the Minister for a certificate of approval in respect of those activities. Such a maintenance organization within The Bahamas shall obtain the approval of the Minister before commencing operation. This organization shall hereinafter be termed an “Approved Maintenance Organization” or “AMO” and subject to the requirements of Schedule 6.

(2) A maintenance organization situated outside The Bahamas shall not carry out maintenance work or modify or repair an aircraft registered in The Bahamas unless approval for such work has been given by the Minister. In granting such approval the Minister may accept, in relation to such organization, the possession of a certificate of approval issued by the manufacturer of the aircraft, aircraft components or materials and by the Authority of the State in which the organization is located.

(3) The Minister shall issue an AMO certificate to an organization which complies with the requirements of Schedule 6 as to facilities, resources, tools and equipment, data and documentation, and systems of quality control, adequate for the activities applied for.

Approval of maintenance organizations.

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(4) The organization shall have in place a main- tenance manual approved by the Minister that lays out the processes, procedures and quality systems applicable to its activities.

(5) An AMO certificate shall be in such form, be subject to such conditions and limitations and contain such particulars as may be determined from time to time by the Minister.

(6) An AMO certificate shall remain in force for such period as may be specified in the certificate, but may be reviewed by the Minister from time to time to determine that the holder is fit and qualified in accordance with requirements of Schedule 6. An AMO certificate may be subject to such conditions, including the issue of satisfac- tory audit reports, as the Minister may think appropriate.

34. (1) In addition to any other logbooks required by or under these Regulations, the following logbooks shall be kept in respect of aircraft registered in The Bahamas —

(a) an aircraft logbook; (b) a separate logbook in respect of each engine

fitted in the aircraft; and (c) a separate logbook in respect of each variable

pitch propeller fitted to the aircraft. (2) The logbooks shall include the particulars

respectively specified in the Schedule 5 and in the case of an aircraft having a maximum total weight authorized not exceeding 2,730 kg shall be of a type approved by the Minister.

(3) Each entry in the logbook, other than such an entry as is referred to in the Schedule 5, shall be made as soon as practicable after the occurrence to which it relates, but in no event more than seven days after the expiration of the release to service (if any) in force in respect of the aircraft at the time of the occurrence.

(4) Each entry in the logbook, being such an entry as is referred to in Schedule 5 shall be made upon each occasion that any maintenance, overhaul, repair, replace- ment, modification or inspection is undertaken on the engine or propeller as the case may be.

(5) Entries in a logbook may refer to other documents, which shall be clearly identified, and any other document so referred to shall be deemed, for the purposes of these Regulations, to be part of the logbook.

Aircraft, engine and propeller logbooks.

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(6) It shall be the duty of the operator of every aircraft in respect of which logbooks are required to be kept as aforesaid to keep them or cause them to be kept in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this regula- tion.

(7) Subject to the provisions regarding retention of these documents, every logbook shall be preserved by the operator of the aircraft until a date two years after the aircraft, the engine or the variable pitch propeller, as the case may be, has been destroyed or has been permanently withdrawn from use.

35. (1) Every Aircraft in respect of which a certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered valid under these Regulations is in force shall be weighed, and the position of its centre of gravity determined, at such times and in such manner as the Minister may require or approve in the case of that aircraft.

(2) Upon the aircraft being weighed as aforesaid the operator of the aircraft shall prepare a weight schedule showing —

(a) either the basic weight of the aircraft, that is to say, the weight of the aircraft empty together with the weight of unusable fuel and unusable oil in the aircraft and of such items of equipment as are indicated in the weight schedule, or such other weight as may be approved by the Minister in the case of that aircraft; and

(b) either the position of the centre of gravity of the aircraft when the aircraft contains only the items included in the basic weight or such other position of the centre of gravity as may be approved by the Minister in the case of that aircraft.

(3) Subject to the provisions for retention of these documents, the weight schedule shall be preserved by the operator of the aircraft until the expiration of a period of six months following the next occasion on which the aircraft is weighed for the purposes of this regulation.

Aircraft weight schedule.

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PART VI AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT

36. (1) An aircraft shall not fly in or over The Bahamas unless it is so equipped as to comply with the law of the country in which it is registered.

(2) In the case of any aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations, the instruments and equipment required to be provided (in addition to any other equipment required by or under these Regulations) shall be that specified in such parts of Schedule 7 as are applicable in the circumstances and shall comply with the provisions of that Schedule and the equipment, shall be of a type approved by the Minister either generally or in relation to a class of aircraft or in relation to that aircraft and shall be installed in a manner so approved.

(3) In any particular case the Minister may direct that an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations shall carry such additional or special equipment or supplies as he may specify for the purpose of facilitating the navigation of the aircraft, the carrying out of search and rescue operations, or the survival of the persons carried in the aircraft.

(4) The equipment carried in compliance with this regulation shall be so installed or stowed and kept stowed, and so maintained and adjusted, as to be readily accessible and capable of being used by the person for whose use it is intended.

(5) The position of equipment provided for emergency use shall be indicated by clear markings in or on the aircraft and in particular in every aircraft operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations. There shall be provided individually for each passenger, or if the Minister so permits in writing, exhibited in a prominent position in every passenger compartment, a notice relevant to the aircraft in question containing the pictorial required by these Regulations.

(6) All instruments and equipment installed or carried in an aircraft, whether or not in compliance with this regulation, shall be so installed or stowed and so maintained and adjusted as not to be a source of danger

Instruments and equipment.

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in itself or to impair the airworthiness of the aircraft or the proper functioning of any equipment or services necessary for the safety of the aircraft.

(7) Without prejudice to paragraph (2), all naviga- tional equipment when carried in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas (whether or not in compliance with these Regulations) shall be of a type approved by the Minister either generally or in relation to a class of aircraft or in relation to that aircraft and shall be installed in a manner so approved.

(8) An aircraft registered in The Bahamas, or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations, engaged on a flight for the purpose of commercial air transport shall carry navigational equip- ment required by Schedule 7, approved by the Minister under the requirements of the applicable Schedules and used in accordance with any conditions subject to which that approval may have been given, if on the route or any diversion therefrom, being a route or diversion planned before take-off, the aircraft is intended to be more than 500 nautical miles from the point of take-off measured along the route to be flown, and to pass any area more than one hour from a reliable navigation fix using ground aids.

37. (1) An aircraft shall not fly in or over The Bahamas unless it is so equipped with radio and radio navigation equipment as to comply with the law of the country in which the aircraft is registered and to enable communications to be made and the aircraft to be navigated, in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations and the Schedules.

(2) Without prejudice to paragraph (1), the aircraft shall be equipped with radio and radio navigation equipment in accordance with Schedule 7.

(3) In any particular case the Minister may direct that an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations shall carry such additional or special radio or radio navigation equipment as he may specify for the purpose of facilitating the navigation of the aircraft, the carrying out of search and rescue operations or the survival of the persons carried in the aircraft.

Radio equipment of aircraft.

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(4) Subject to such exceptions as may be prescribed the radio and radio navigation equipment provided in compliance with this regulation in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations shall always be maintained in serviceable condition.

(5) All radio and radio navigation equipment installed in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations or carried on such an aircraft for use in connection with the aircraft shall be of a type approved by the Minister in relation to the purpose for which it is to be used, and shall, be installed in a manner approved by the Minister and neither the equipment nor the manner in which it is installed shall be modified except with the approval of the Minister.

38. (1) The Minister may, subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, grant in respect of any aircraft or class of aircraft registered in The Bahamas an authorization to allow such aircraft to commence a flight in specified circumstances notwithstanding that any specified item of equipment (including radio apparatus) required by or under these Regulations to be carried in the circumstances of the intended flight is not carried or is not in a fit condition for use.

(2) An aircraft registered in The Bahamas or operated by the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations shall not commence a flight if any of the equipment (including radio apparatus) required by or under these Regulations to be carried in the circumstances of the intended flight is not carried or is not in a fit condition for use —

(a) otherwise than under and in accordance with the terms of a special authorization which has been granted to the operator;

(b) unless in the case of an aircraft to which the flight and operations manuals required thereby contain the particulars specified for such opera- tions; and

(c) in accordance with a minimum equipment list (MEL) approved by the Minister identifying the minimum equipment and condition for an air- craft to maintain the certificate of airworthiness

Minimum equipment requirements.

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in force and defining operational procedures necessary to deal with inoperative equipment and prescribing maintenance procedures necessary to maintain the required level of safety and secure any inoperative equipment.

39. No person may operate an aircraft under these Regulations unless they are in conformance with the minimum instrument and equipment requirements of Schedule 7, and in the case of an AOC holder, an approved minimum equipment list, for the route, altitude, and type of operations being conducted.

PART VII PERSONNEL LICENSING

40. (1) Without prejudice to any other provision of these Regulations the Minister may, for the purpose of personnel licensing as provided in Schedule 8 and 9, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as he thinks fit —

(a) approve any course of training or instruction; (b) authorize a person to conduct such examinations

or tests as he may specify; (c) approve a person to provide or conduct any

course of training or instruction; (d) approve a person as qualified to furnish reports

to him and to accept such reports; and (e) approve a training organization. (2) Where any provision of these Regulations

permits a test to be conducted in a flight simulator approved by the Minister, that approval may be granted subject to such conditions as the Minister thinks fit.

41. (1) A airman certificate shall remain in force for the period specified within that certificate, but may be reviewed by the Minister from time to time to determine that the holder is fit and qualified in accordance with applicable requirements.

(2) Upon receiving an airman certificate granted under this regulation, the holder thereof shall forthwith sign his name thereon in ink with his ordinary signature.

Required instruments and equipment.

Personnel licensing approvals.

Valid airmen certificates.

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(3) A certificate granted under this regulation shall not be valid unless it bears thereon the ordinary signature of the holder in ink.

42. Unless otherwise permitted under the Schedules to these Regulations, a person shall not give any instruction in flying to which this regulation applies unless —

(a) he holds a certificate, granted or rendered valid under Schedule 8 of these Regulations, entitling him to act as pilot in command of the aircraft for the purpose and in the circumstances under which the instruction is to be given; and

(b) he holds a flight instructor certificate issued under Schedule 8 entitling the holder to give the level of instruction required.

43. (1) The Minister shall grant aircraft maintenance technician and other certificates relating to maintenance tasks as provided in Schedule 8, subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, upon his being satisfied that the applicant is a fit person to hold the certificate and has furnished such evidence and passed such examinations and tests as the Minister may require of him for the purpose of establishing that he has sufficient knowledge, experience, competence and skill in aircraft and power plant maintenance.

(2) An aircraft maintenance technician certificate shall authorize the holder, subject to such conditions as may be specified in these Regulations, to issue a release to service.

(3) The Minister may issue a special purpose certificate rendering valid for the purposes of these Regulations any certificate as an aircraft maintenance technician granted under the law of any country other than The Bahamas and such certificate may be issued subject to such conditions, and for such periods, as the Minister thinks fit.

44. (1) The Minister shall grant licences, subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, specified in Schedule 8 authorising the holder to act as a member of the flight crew of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas, upon his being satisfied that the applicant is a fit person to hold the licence, and is qualified by reason of his knowledge, experience, competence, skill, physical and mental fitness to act in the capacity to which the licence relates, and for

Instruction in flying.

Aircraft maintenance licences.

Grant, renewal and effect of flight crew licences.

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that purpose the applicant shall furnish such evidence and undergo such examinations and tests (including in particular medical examinations) and undertake such courses of training as the Minister may require of him.

(2) The Minister may include in a certificate a rating, subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, upon his being satisfied that the applicant is qualified as aforesaid to act in the capacity to which the rating relates, and such rating shall be deemed to form part of the certificate.

(3) Subject to any conditions of the certificate and to the provisions of these Regulations, a licence of any class shall entitle the holder to perform the functions specified in respect of that certificate in the Regulations.

45. (1) The holder of a pilot or a flight engineer certificate licence shall not be entitled to exercise the privileges of an aircraft rating contained in the licence on a flight unless the holder is qualified and current for the functions the holder is to perform on that flight in accordance with these Regulations.

(2) The holder of a pilot’s certificate shall not be entitled to exercise the privileges of an aircraft rating contained in that licence unless he maintains the currency requirements required by these Regulations and evidence of this currency is included in the personal flying logbook required to be kept by him.

(3) A person shall not be entitled to perform the functions to which an instrument rating (aeroplanes), an instrument rating (helicopters), a flight instructor certifi- cate, or an instrument meteorological conditions rating (aeroplanes) relates unless his licence is appropriate to the functions to which the rating relates in accordance with Schedule 10 and 11 and shall otherwise comply with the currency requirements of Schedule 8, 10 and 13, as appropriate.

(4) A person who, on the last occasion when he took a test for the purposes of qualification, competency or currency, failed that test shall not be entitled to fly in the capacity for which that test would have qualified him had he passed it.

46. (1) The holder of a airman certificate granted under these Regulations for which a valid medical

Qualified and current for the functions.

Airman medical certificate.

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certificate is also a prerequisite to perform any of the functions authorized, shall have such a certificate when engaged in those functions.

(2) Every applicant for or holder of such an airman certificate shall upon such occasions as the Minister may require submit himself to a medical examination by a person approved by the Minister who shall make a report to the Minister in such form as the Minister may require.

(3) On the basis of such medical examination, the Minister or any person approved by him as competent to do so may issue a medical certificate subject to the requirements of Schedules 1 and 8 and such conditions as he thinks fit, to the holder of the licence as medically fit to perform the functions to which the licence relates and the certificate shall be valid for such period as is therein specified and shall be deemed to form part of the licence.

(4) A person shall not be entitled to act as a member of the flight crew of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas if he knows or suspects that his physical or mental condition renders him temporarily or permanently unfit to perform such functions or to act in such capacity.

(5) Every holder of a medical certificate issued under these Regulations and the applicable Schedule who —

(a) suffers any personal injury involving incapacity to undertake his functions as a member of the flight crew; or

(b) suffers any illness involving incapacity to undertake those functions throughout a period of twenty days or more;

shall inform the Minister in writing of such injury or illness, as soon as possible in the case of injury and as soon as the period of twenty days has elapsed in the case of illness and the medical certificate shall be deemed to be suspended upon the occurrence of such injury or the elapse of such period of illness. The suspension shall cease upon the holder being medically examined under arrangements made by the Minister and pronounced fit to resume his functions as a member of the flight crew or upon the Minister exempting, subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, the holder from the requirement of a medical examination.

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47. The Minister may issue a certificate of validation rendering valid for the purposes of these Regulations any licence as a member of the flight crew of aircraft granted under the law of any country other than The Bahamas. A certificate of validation may be issued subject to Schedules 1 and 8 and such conditions and for such periods as the Minister thinks fit.

48. Every member of the flight crew of an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and every person who engages in flying for the purpose of qualifying for the grant of a licence or establishing currency under these Regulations shall keep a personal flying logbook in which the information specified in Schedule 8 will be entered.

49. (1) An organization engaged, or intending to engage, in any program of training or checking activities, may apply to the Minister for a certificate of approval in respect of those activities. Such a training organization within The Bahamas shall obtain the approval of the Minister before commencing operation. This organization shall hereinafter be termed an “Approved Training Organization” or “ATO” and subject to the requirements of Schedule 9.

(2) A training organization situated in another ICAO Contracting State shall not carry out training on behalf of the holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations unless approval for such activities has been given by the Minister. In granting such approval the Minister may accept, in relation to such organization, the possession of a certificate of approval issued by the Authority of the State in which the organization is located.

(3) The Minister shall issue an ATO certificate to an organization which complies with the requirements of Schedule 9 as to facilities, resources, simulators, training devices, instructors and examiners, adequate for the activities applied for.

(4) The organization shall use a training and checking manual approved by the Minister that lays out the processes, procedures and quality systems applicable to its activities.

(5) An ATO certificate shall be in such form, be subject to such conditions and limitations and contain such particulars as may be determined from time to time by the Minister.

Validation of licences.

Personal flying logbook.

Approval of training organizations.

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PART VIII OPERATION OF AIRCRAFT

50. A person shall not recklessly or negligently cause or permit an aircraft to endanger any person or property.

51. Every person in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas shall obey all lawful commands which the pilot in command of that aircraft may give for the purpose of securing the safety of the aircraft and of persons or property carried therein, or the safety, efficiency or regularity of air navigation.

52. No person shall while in an aircraft — (a) use any threatening, abusive or insulting words

towards a member of the crew of the aircraft; (b) behave in a threatening, abusive, insulting or

disorderly manner towards a member or the crew of the aircraft; or

(c) intentionally interfere with the performance of the crew of an aircraft of his duties.

53. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas unless this aircraft is in conformance with the aircraft requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The Bahamas unless this aircraft is in conformance with the aircraft requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

54. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas unless the flight crew is in conformance with the flight crew requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The Bahamas unless the flight crew is in conformance with the flight crew requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

Careless or reckless action.

Authority of pilot in command.

Interference with a crew member.

Applicable aircraft requirements.

Applicable flight crew requirements.

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55. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas unless the flight crew is in conformance with the crew duties and responsibilities specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The Bahamas unless the flight crew is in conformance with the crew duties and responsibilities specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

56. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas with passengers unless such a flight is in conformance with the requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10 for all passenger carrying operations.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The Bahamas with passengers unless such a flight is in conformance with the requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10 for all passenger carrying operations.

57. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas unless the flight plans, flight planning and other preflight preparation is in conformance with the requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The Bahamas unless the flight plans, flight planning and preflight preparation is in conformance with the requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

58. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas unless the flight is conducted in conformance with the flight rules specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The

Crew duties and responsibilities.

All passenger carrying operations.

Flight planning and preparation.

Applicable flight rules.

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Bahamas unless the flight is conducted in conformance with the flight rules requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10, unless such compliance would result in non-conformance to a law or regulation of the State being overflown.

59. (1) No person may operate an aircraft nor cause an aircraft to be operated over The Bahamas unless the flight is conducted in conformance with the requirements specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10 for operations in controlled flight.

(2) No person may operate an aircraft registered in The Bahamas and no holder of an AOC issued under these Regulations may operate an aircraft outside of The Bahamas unless the flight is conducted in conformance with the requirements for operations in controlled flight as specified in these Regulations and Schedule 10, unless such compliance would result in non-conformance to a law or regulation of the State being overflown.

PART IX AERIAL WORK OPERATIONS

60. No person may operate an aircraft in an activity deemed to be aerial work, except as specified by the Minister and in conformance with the requirements of these Regulations and Schedule 11.

61. (1) An aircraft shall not be used for the dropping of articles for the purposes of agriculture, horticulture or forestry or for training for the dropping of articles for any of such purposes, otherwise than under and in accordance with the terms of an aerial application certificate granted to the operator of the aircraft under paragraph (2) of this regulation and the requirements of Schedule 11.

(2) The Minister shall grant an aerial application certificate to any person applying therefor if he is satisfied that person is a fit person to hold the certificate and is competent, having regard in particular to his previous conduct and experience, his equipment, organization, staffing and other arrangements, to secure the safe operation of the aircraft specified in the certificate on flights for the purposes specified in paragraph (1) of this regulation. The certificate may be granted subject to such

Operations in controlled flight.

Aerial work activity.

Issue of aerial application certificates.

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conditions as the Minister thinks fit including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, conditions for ensuring that the aircraft and any article dropped from it do not endanger persons or property in the aircraft or elsewhere. An aerial application certificate shall remain in force for the period specified in the issued authorization, but may be reviewed by the Minister from time to time to determine that the holder is fit and qualified in accordance with requirements of Schedule 11.

(3) Every applicant for and holder of an aerial application certificate shall make available to the Minister upon application and to every member of his operating staff upon the certificate being granted, an aerial applica- tion manual which shall contain all such information and instructions as may be necessary to enable the operating staff to perform their duties as such. The holder of a certificate shall make such amendments of or additions to the manual as the Minister may require.

62. (1) Subject to the provisions of this regulation and the requirements of Schedule 11, an aircraft in flight over The Bahamas shall not, by means external to the aircraft, tow any article, or pick up or raise any person, animal or article, unless the certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered valid in respect of that aircraft under the law of the country in which the aircraft is registered includes an express provision that it may be used for that purpose.

(2) Nothing in this regulation shall — (a) prohibit the towing in a reasonable manner by an

aircraft in flight of any radio aerial, any instrument which is being used for experimental purposes, or any signal, apparatus or regulation required or permitted by or under these Regula- tions to be towed or displayed by an aircraft in flight;

(b) prohibit the picking up or raising of any person, animal or article in an emergency or for the purpose of saving life.

63. (1) Articles and animals (whether or not attached to a parachute) shall not be dropped, or permitted to drop, from an aircraft in flight so as to endanger persons or property.

Towing, picking up and raising of persons and articles.

Dropping of animals and articles.

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(2) Except under and in accordance with the terms of an aerial application certificate and the requirements of Schedule 11, articles and animals (whether or not attached to a parachute) shall not be dropped, or permitted to drop, to the surface from an aircraft flying over The Bahamas:

Provided that this paragraph shall not apply to the dropping of articles by, or with the authority of, the pilot in command of the aircraft in any of the following circumstances —

(a) the dropping of articles for the purpose of saving life;

(b) the jettisoning, in case of emergency, of fuel or other articles in the aircraft;

(c) the dropping of articles solely for the purpose of navigating the aircraft in accordance with ordinary practice or with the provisions of these Regulations;

(d) the dropping at an aerodrome of tow ropes, banners, or similar articles towed by aircraft;

(e) the dropping of articles for the purposes of public health or as a measure against weather conditions, surface icing or oil pollution, or for training for the dropping of articles for any such purposes, if the articles are dropped with the permission of the Minister and in accordance with any conditions subject to which that permission may have been given;

(f) the dropping of wind drift indicators for the purpose of enabling parachute descents to be made if the wind drift indicators are dropped with the permission of the Minister and in accordance with any conditions subject to which that permission may have been given.

(3) For the purposes of this regulation dropping includes projecting and lowering.

(4) Nothing in this regulation shall prohibit the lowering of any article or animal from a helicopter to the surface, if the certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered valid in respect of the helicopter under the law of the country in which it is registered includes an express provision that it may be used for that purpose.

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64. (1) A person shall not drop, be dropped or permitted to drop to the surface or jump from an aircraft flying over The Bahamas except under and in accordance with the terms of an authorization granted by the Minister under this regulation.

(2) For the purposes of this regulation dropping includes projecting and lowering.

(3) Notwithstanding the grant of an authorization under paragraph (1) of this regulation, a person shall not drop, be dropped or be permitted to drop from an aircraft in flight so as to endanger persons or property.

(4) An aircraft shall not be used for the purpose of dropping persons unless the certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered valid in respect of that aircraft under the law of the country in which the aircraft is registered includes an express provision that it may be used for that purpose and the aircraft is operated in accordance with the authorization granted by the Minister under this regula- tion.

(5) Every applicant for and every holder of a permission shall make available to the Minister if requested to do so a parachuting manual and shall make such amendments or additions to such manual as the Minister may require. The holder of an authorization shall make available to every employee or person who is or may engage in parachuting activities conducted by him, the manual which shall contain all such information and instructions as may be necessary to enable such employees or persons to perform their duties.

(6) Without prejudice to any other provision to these Regulations the Minister may, for the purpose of this regulation, accept reports furnished to him by a person whom he may approve, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as he thinks fit, as qualified to furnish such reports.

(7) Nothing in this regulation shall apply to the descent of persons by parachute from an aircraft in an emergency.

(8) Nothing in this regulation shall prohibit the lowering of any person in an emergency or for the purpose of saving life.

Dropping of persons.

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(9) Nothing in this regulation shall prohibit the lowering of any person from a helicopter to the surface in The Bahamas, if the certificate of airworthiness issued or rendered valid in respect of the helicopter under the law of the country in which it is registered includes an express provision that it may be used for that purpose.

65. (1) No person may operate an aircraft over The Bahamas for the purpose of aerial photography or aerial survey (whether or not valuable consideration is given or promised in respect of the flight or the purpose of the flight) or for the purpose of any other form of aerial work except with an authorization of the Minister granted under this regulation to the operator or the charterer of the aircraft and in accordance with any conditions to which such authorization may be subject.

(2) Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this regulation, any breach by a person to whom an authorization has been granted under this regulation of any condition to which that authorization was subject shall constitute a contravention of this regulation.

66. (1) No person shall act as the organizer (in this regulation referred to as “the exhibition organizer”) of an exhibition of flying, an aircraft race or contest at an organised event (in this regulation referred to as an “organised event”) which event the exhibition organizer reasonably believes is likely to be attended by more than 200 persons and which event consists wholly or partly of an exhibition of flying, aircraft race or contest unless at the time at which such an organised event commences the exhibition organizer has obtained the permission in writing of the Minister for that organised event and complies with any conditions therein specified and the requirements of Schedule 10.

(2) The pilot in command of an aircraft intending to participate in an organised event for which a permission is required by virtue of paragraph (1) shall take all reason- able steps to satisfy himself before he participates that —

(a) the exhibition organizer has been granted such permission;

(b) the flight can comply with any relevant condi- tions subject to which that permission may have been granted; and

Aerial photography and survey from aircraft.

Exhibitions of flying, aircraft races or contests.

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(c) the pilot has been granted an authorization appropriate to the intended flight.

(3) The pilot in command of an aircraft participating in an organised event for which a permission required by virtue of paragraph (1) has been granted shall comply with any conditions subject to which that permission may have been granted.

(4) No person shall act as pilot of an aircraft participating in an organised event for which a permission is required by virtue of paragraph (1) unless he holds an authorization appropriate to the intended flight granted to him by the Minister and he complies with any conditions thereof.

(5) The exhibition organizer shall not permit any person to act as pilot of an aircraft which participates in an organised event for which a permission is required by virtue of paragraph (1) unless such person holds a display authorization appropriate to the intended flight granted by the Minister.

(6) The Minister shall grant the permission required under paragraph (1) to any person applying therefor if he is satisfied that that person is a fit and competent person, having regard in particular to his previous conduct and experience, his organization, staffing and other arrange- ments, to safely organise the proposed exhibition of flying. The permission may be granted subject to such conditions, which may include conditions in respect of military aircraft, as the Minister thinks fit and shall, if there is continued conformance, remain in force for the period specified in the permission.

(7) The Minister shall, for the purposes of this regulation, either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as he thinks fit —

(a) grant a display authorization authorising the holder to act as pilot of an aircraft taking part in an exhibition of flying in respect of which a permission is required by virtue of paragraph (1) upon his being satisfied that the applicant is a fit person to hold the authorization and is qualified by reason of his knowledge, experience, compe- tence, skill, physical and mental fitness to fly in accordance therewith and for that purpose the

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applicant shall furnish such evidence and under- go such examinations and tests as the Minister may require of him; and

(b) authorize a person to conduct such examinations or tests as he may specify.

(8) A display authorization granted in accordance with this regulation shall, if the Minister finds continued conformance, remain in force for the period indicated in the display authorization.

(9) The exhibition organizer shall not permit any military aircraft to participate in an exhibition of flying for which a permission is required by virtue of paragraph (1) unless he complies with any conditions specified in respect of military aircraft subject to which such permission may have been granted.

PART X COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS

67. (1) A Bahamian operator of aircraft shall not fly on any flight for the purpose of commercial air transport, otherwise than under and in accordance with the terms of an Air Operator’s Certificate (AOC) granted to the operator under paragraph (3).

(2) Any person shall be deemed to be engaged in providing commercial air transport and subject to the requirements of this Part, if —

(a) they, or persons on their behalf, have undertaken any form of advertising to carry passengers or property by aircraft for remuneration or valuable consideration without using the services of an AOC holder; or

(b) they, or persons on their behalf, verbally offer to carry passengers or property by aircraft for remuneration or valuable consideration, without using the services of an AOC holder; or

(c) they, or other persons on their behalf, provide or advertise an arrangement for meals, lodging or travel (or any other “all-inclusive” method of pricing) for compensation, in which the travel by aircraft is included at gratis or is compensated, but is not provided by an AOC holder.

Issue of air operator’s certificate.

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(3) The Minister may grant to any person applying therefore, an AOC if he is satisfied that that person is competent and capable, having regard in particular to the person’s previous conduct and experience, his equipment, organization, staffing, maintenance and other arrang- ements, to secure the safe operation of aircraft of the types specified in the certificate on flights of the description and for the purposes so specified.

(4) An AOC may be granted subject to such conditions as the Minister deems appropriate. An AOC shall remain in force for the period specified in Schedule 12, but may be reviewed by the Minister from time to time to determine that the holder is fit and qualified in accordance with requirements of this Schedule.

(5) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (3) above, the operator must possess a management organization capable of exercising operational control and supervision over any flight operated under the terms of its air operator’s certificate.

(6) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (2) above, the operator must have nominated an accoun- table manager, acceptable to the Minister, who has responsibility for ensuring that all maintenance relating to the operator’s aircraft is carried out in accordance with the approved maintenance program and to the standard required by the Minister.

(7) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (2) above, the operator must be found in conformance with the Schedules specifically applicable to AOC holders prior to issuance of the AOC, including but not limited to Schedules 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17;

(8) In exercising the functions under paragraphs (1) and (2) above, the Minister shall have regard to such of the following as are applicable —

(a) the nationality of the applicant and the grant or refusal of the application is in the public interest;

(b) any uneconomic duplication or uneconomic overlapping of air services that might result from the grant of the application;

(c) the ability of the applicant to meet its financial obligations, actual or potential;

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(d) the likelihood of the applicant being able to provide air services which are satisfactory from the point of view of safety, regularity, frequency of operation, level of charges and general standard and efficiency and, in the case of an application for renewal or variation of a certificate, whether the applicant’s existing air services are satisfactory;

(e) whether or not the aircraft proposed to be used and the air services proposed to be provided are suited to the airports and airport facilities to be used;

(f) any obligations imposed upon The Bahamas by international agreement or treaty;

(g) any other matter which is, in the opinion of the Minister, relevant to the application.

(9) Each AOC holder shall maintain the required standards of operations established in these Regulations in the conduct of its commercial air transport operations.

(10) The Minister shall establish a system of certification and continued surveillance to ensure that AOC holders maintain the required standards of operations established in these Regulations.

68. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless the AOC holder has completed the initial certification requirements of Schedule 12 for such opera- tions;

69. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless these operations are in conformance with the authorizations and limitations of their AOC issued under the requirements of Schedule 12.

70. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless the aircraft is specifically authorized by serial and registration number for the AOC holder’s operation in accordance with Schedule 12.

71. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless those operations are in conformance with the applicable requirements of the security program specified in Schedule 12.

Initial certification required.

Continued conformance.

Aircraft authorized.

Security requirements.

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72. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless the aircraft is maintained in accordance with the applicable maintenance requirements of Schedules 5, 6 and 12.

73. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations carrying passengers in commercial air transport unless they are in conformance with the passenger-carrying requirements of Schedule 13.

74. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless the assigned aviation personnel are qualified and current in conformance with the minimum qualification, training and checking of Schedule 14.

75. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless the assigned aviation personnel are in conformance with the duty and flight time and minimum rest periods specified in Schedule 15.

76. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless the flight was released in conformance with the flight release requirements specified in Schedule 16.

77. No person may operate, or cause to be operated, an aircraft subject to these Regulations in commercial air transport unless they are in conformance with the mass and balance and performance requirements specified in Schedule 17.

PART XI CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS

78. (1) No person may ship, caused to be shipped, accept for shipment or allow to be carried on an aircraft any article or substance that may be dangerous goods except they have been prescribed by the Minister in Schedule 18 of these Regulations.

(2) Each person shipping articles or substances that may be dangerous goods shall declare such goods in the shipping papers and cause such articles to be so marked.

Maintenance requirements.

Passenger Requirements.

Qualified personnel.

Crew fatigue.

Flight release requirements

Mass and balance and performance.

Shipping and acceptance of dangerous goods.

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(3) No person may operate or cause to operate an aircraft carrying dangerous goods except as prescribed by the Minister in Schedule 18.

79. (1) An aircraft shall not carry any munitions of war unless —

(a) such munitions of war are carried with the written permission of the Minister and in accordance with any conditions relating thereto; and

(b) the pilot in command of the aircraft is informed in writing by the operator before the flight commences of the type, weight or quantity and location of any such munitions of war on board or suspended beneath the aircraft and any conditions of the permission of the Minister.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this regulation it shall be unlawful for an aircraft to carry any weapon or munitions of war in any compartment or apparatus to which passengers have access.

(3) It shall be unlawful for a person to carry or have in his possession or take or cause to be taken on board an aircraft, to suspend or cause to be suspended beneath an aircraft or to deliver or cause to be delivered for carriage thereon any weapon or munitions of war unless —

(a) the weapon or munitions of war — (i) is either part of the baggage of a passenger

on the aircraft or consigned as cargo to be carried thereon;

(ii) is carried in a part of the aircraft, or in any apparatus attached to the aircraft inacces- sible to passengers; and

(iii) in the case of a firearm, is unloaded; and (b) particulars of the weapon or munitions of war

have been furnished by that passenger or by the consignor to the operator before the flight commences; and

(c) without prejudice to paragraph (1) of this regulation the operator consents to the carriage of such weapon or munitions of war by the aircraft.

Munitions of war.

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(4) Nothing in this regulation shall apply to any weapon or munitions of war taken or carried on board an aircraft in The Bahamas registered in a country other than The Bahamas, if the weapon or munitions of war, as the case may be, may under the law of the country in which the aircraft is registered be lawfully taken or carried on board for the purpose of ensuring the safety of the aircraft or of persons on board.

(5) For the purposes of this regulation a “munitions of war” means any weapon, ammunition or article containing an explosive or any noxious liquid, gas or other thing which is designed or made for use in warfare or against persons, including parts, whether components or accessories, for such weapon, ammunition or article.

PART XII GENERAL

80. (1) Every person who is the operator or pilot in command of an aircraft which is registered in The Bahamas or a commercial air transport aircraft not registered in The Bahamas but operated by the holder of an air operator’s certificate issued in The Bahamas who is involved in, observes or knows of an airplane accident shall make the report to the Minister as prescribed in Schedule 19.

(2) A person shall not make any report under this regulation if he knows or has reason to believe that the report is false in any particular.

(3) Each person will comply with the necessary steps of accident investigation of Schedule 19 as requested by the Minister or an authorised person assigned to investigate the accident.

81. (1) The Minister may prescribe fees for the issue, validation, renewal, extension or variation of any certifi- cate, licence or other document (including the issue of a copy thereof), or the undergoing of any examination, test, inspection or investigation or the grant of any permission or approval, required by, or for the purpose of these Regulations.

(2) Upon an application being made in connection with which any fee is chargeable in accordance with the said provisions the applicant may be required before the

Accident reporting and investigation.

Fees.

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application is entertained to pay the whole or to deposit a portion of the fee or fees so chargeable if, after such payment or deposit has been made the application is withdrawn by the applicant or otherwise ceases to have effect of is refused by the Minister, the Minister may, subject as hereinafter provided, refund the amount of such payment or deposit. Where the amount paid or deposited is wholly or to any extent attributable to a fee chargeable in respect of an investigation which would have been carried out in connection with the application if it had not been so withdrawn or ceased to have effect or been refused but which has not been carried out by reason only of such withdrawal, cesser or refusal, the Minister may refund the amount so attributable or, in a case where an investigation has been partially completed, so much of that amount as in the opinion of the Minister is reasonable having regard to the stage to which the investigation has progressed at the time of such withdrawal, cesser or refusal:

Provided that, if in any case the amount deposited by the applicant is not sufficient to cover the fee, as ultimately assessed, chargeable in respect of any investigation in so far as the same has been carried out at the time when the application is withdrawn by him or otherwise ceases to have effect or is refused by the Minister the amount representing the balance of such fee shall be payable by the applicant.

82. The Minister shall be able to make reasonable requirements regarding the validation of licences, certifi- cates, approvals, designations, and authorizations issued by another Contracting State. Such requirements will be provided in Schedule 1.

83. Except where the context otherwise requires, the provisions of these Regulations —

(a) in so far as they apply (whether by express reference or otherwise) to aircraft registered in The Bahamas, shall apply to such aircraft wherever they may be;

(b) in so far as they apply as aforesaid to other aircraft shall apply to such other aircraft when they are within The Bahamas;

(c) in so far as they prohibit, require or regulate (whether by express reference or otherwise) the

Validation of documents.

Extra-territorial effect of these Regulations.

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doing of anything by persons in, or by any of the crew of any aircraft registered in The Bahamas, shall apply to such persons and crew, wherever they may be; and

(d) in so far as they prohibit, require or regulate as aforesaid the doing of anything in relation to any aircraft registered in The Bahamas by other persons shall, where such persons are citizens of The Bahamas apply to them wherever they may be.

84. The Minister may direct that such of the provisions of these Regulations having effect thereunder as may be specified in the direction shall have effect as if reference in those provisions to aircraft registered in The Bahamas included references to the aircraft specified in the direction, being an aircraft not so registered but for the time being under the management of a person who, or of persons each of whom, is qualified to hold a legal or beneficial interest by way of ownership in an aircraft registered in The Bahamas.

85. The Minister may issue a waiver from any of the requirements of the Schedules made under these Regula- tions when the provision for that waiver is contained in the applicable Schedule.

86. The Minister may issue a deviation from any of the requirements of the Schedules made under these Regulations to any grouping of persons, aircraft, or type of operation subject to such conditions as he determines where the requirement is found not to be consistent with relevant aviation safety standards for that particular grouping and it would be in the public interest to issue such deviation.

87. The Minister may issue an exemption from any of the requirements under these Regulations or any Schedules made thereunder to any individual, aircraft, or company subject to such conditions as he thinks fit where the applicant can show that it is in the public interest, an equivalent level of safety can be maintained, and such exemption will not be inconsistent with relevant aviation safety standards.

Application to aircraft not registered in Bahamas.

Waivers.

Deviations.

Exemptions.

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88. (1) Where the Minister deems it necessary in the public interest to prohibit flying by reason of —

(a) the intended gathering or movement of a large number of persons;

(b) the intended holding of an aircraft race or contest or of an exhibition in flying; or

(c) national defence or any other reason affecting the public interest, the Minister may make directions prohibiting, restricting or imposing conditions on flight —

(i) by any aircraft, whether or not registered in The Bahamas, in any airspace over The Bahamas;

(ii) by aircraft registered in The Bahamas, in any other airspace, being airspace in respect of which the Government of The Bahamas has in pursuance of international arrangements undertaken to provide navigation services for aircraft.

(2) Directions made under this regulation may apply either generally or in relation to any class of aircraft.

89. The provisions of these Regulations shall not apply to or in relation to —

(a) any balloon which at any stage of its flight is not more than 2 meters in any linear dimension including any basket or other equipment at- tached to the balloon;

(b) any kite weighing not more than 2 kg; (c) any other aircraft weighing not more than 7 kg

without its fuel; or (d) any parascending parachute. 90. (1) Subject to the following paragraphs of this

regulation any person who on the date these Regulations come into operation holds a licence, certificate or authorization validly issued under the laws, rules or regulations in force on that date for the registration, operation or maintenance of an aircraft shall be deemed to hold a licence in accordance with these Regulations for twelve months from the date these Regulations come into operation, unless his original licence, certificate or

Power to prohibit or restrict flying.

Ultra-small aircraft.

Transitional provisions.

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authorizations expires prior to the end of that twelve month period in which case his deemed licence under these Regulations shall expire on the same date.

(2) Within two months from the date these Regul- ations come into operation, every person claiming to be the holder of a licence, certificate or authorizations under paragraph (1) shall supply to the Flight Standards Inspectorate full details of his licence, certificate or authorizations and may notify its request for a new licence under these Regulations failing which his deemed licence shall expire forthwith.

(3) Where the Flight Standards Inspectorate, having reviewed any licence, certificate or authorizations notified to it under paragraph (2), is satisfied that such authoriza- tions certificate or licence had been validly issued under the laws, rules or regulations in force at the commencement, of these Regulations, the Inspectorate shall, within six months of the date of such notification issue a licence to that person to register, operate or maintain an aircraft or aerodrome for at least the unexpired term of the original authorizations or licence but otherwise subject to conditions duly determined by the Flight Standards Inspectorate.

(4) If the Flight Standards Inspectorate is not satisfied, for any reason, that a licence, certificate or authorization notified to it under paragraph (2) was validly issued or that person is still qualified to hold the document, it shall so notify the person concerned and the document in question shall expire on the date of notification.

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SCHEDULE 1

GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES AND DEFINITIONS

SUBPART A:GENERAL 1.001 Applicability of These Schedules 1.005 Organization of Schedules (Except Schedule 2) 1.010 Rules of Construction 1.015 Definitions 1.020 Acronyms (reserved)

SUBPART B: GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULES 1.025 Display and Inspection of Licences and Certificates 1.030 Change of Name 1.035 Change of Address 1.040 Replacement of a Lost or Destroyed DCA-Issued Document 1.045 Falsification, Reproduction, or Alteration of Required Documents 1.050 Surrender, Suspension, or Revocation of Licence or Certificate 1.055 Reapplication after Revocation 1.060 Reapplication after Suspension 1.065 Voluntary Surrender or Exchange of Licence 1.070 Prohibition on Performance During Medical Deficiency 1.075 Drug and Alcohol Testing and Reporting

SUBPART C: VALIDATION OF CERTIFICATES AND AUTHORIZATIONS 1.080 Validation — General 1.085 Term of Validity 1.090 Holders of Validated Documents 1.095 Validation of Type Certificates and Supplemental Type Certificates 1.100 Validation of Certificates of Airworthiness 1.105 Validation of Medical Certificates 1.110 Validation of Airman Certificates and Ratings 1.115 Validation of Air Operator Certificates 1.120 Validation of Approved Organizations 1.125 Validation of Approvals, Authorizations and Designations

SUBPART D: EXEMPTIONS AND EQUIVALENT SAFETY CASE 1.130 Exemptions and Equivalent Safety Case

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SUBPART A GENERAL

1.001 APPLICABILITY OF THESE SCHEDULES (a) These Schedules provide specific technical safety requirements prescribed

by the Minister in support of this regulation to ensure that operations in the Bahamas meet the international standards for aviation safety for registration of aircraft, maintenance of aircraft, personnel licensing and operations of aircraft in general aviation, aerial work and commercial air transport activities.

(b) Each Schedule shall, as indicated in the particular Schedule, apply to all persons operating or maintaining the following — (1) Bahamian-registered aircraft; (2) Aircraft registered in another Contracting State that are operated by a

person licenced by The Bahamas, and must be maintained in accordance with the standards of the aircraft State of Registry, wherever that maintenance is performed;

(3) Aircraft of other Contracting States operating in The Bahamas. (c) Schedule requirements addressing general matters establish minimum

standards for all aircraft operated in The Bahamas. Specific requirements applicable to the holder of a certificate shall apply if they appear to be in conflict with a more general Schedule requirement.

1.005 ORGANIZATION OF SCHEDULES (EXCEPT SCHEDULE 2) (a) These Schedules are subdivided into five hierarchical categories:

(1) Schedule refers to the primary subject area. (2) Subpart refers to any subdivision of a Schedule. (3) Section refers to any subdivision of a Subpart. (4) Subsection refers to the title of a regulation and can be a subdivision

of a Subpart or Section, (5) Paragraph refers to the text describing the regulations. All paragraphs

are outlined alphanumerically in the following hierarchical order: (a), (1), (i), (A).

(b) Definitions used throughout these Regulations are organised as follows: (1) Definitions applicable to two or more Schedules appear in this

Schedule; (2) Definitions applicable only to one Schedule appear at the beginning of

that Schedule; and (3) Definitions contained in the Civil Aviation Act of The Bahamas are

presented therein, and not in these Schedules (c) Acronyms used within each Schedule are defined at the beginning of those

Schedules, and if a definition is supplied, a note will indicate the Schedule where the definition is located.

(d) Notes appear in Subsections to provide exceptions, explanations, and examples to individual requirements.

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(e) Subsections may refer to Appendices, which provide detailed requirements that support the purpose of the subsection, and where specifically referenced by the subsection, gain the legal force and effect of the referring subsection. Under the rules of construction, the term “Appendix” is applied to these supplementary requirements.

1.010 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION (a) Throughout these regulations the following word usage applies:

(1) Shall indicates a mandatory requirement. (2) The words “no person may...” or “ a person may not...” mean that no

person is required, authorized, or permitted to do an act described in a regulation.

(3) May indicates that discretion can be used when performing an act described in a regulation.

(4) Will indicates an action incumbent upon the Authority. (5) Includes means “includes but is not limited to.” (6) Approved means the Authority has reviewed the method, procedure, or

policy in question and issued a formal written approval. (7) Acceptable means the Authority has reviewed the method, procedure,

or policy and has neither objected to nor approved its proposed use or implementation.

(8) Prescribed means the Authority has issued written policy or methodology which imposes either a mandatory requirement, if the written policy or methodology states “shall,” or a discretionary requirement if the written policy or methodology states “may.”

1.015 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of these Schedules, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) “Acceptable to the Authority” Where used in these Schedules, identifies documents, portions of documents, formal procedures, facilities, equipment, or personnel that must be found satisfactory by a technical review of the Authority prior to use in aviation.

(2) Accountable manager. The manager who exercises authority on behalf of the Authority for ensuring that all prescribed actions are performed to the standard required by the Authority. When authorized by the Authority, the accountable manager may redelegate all or part of his or her authority in writing to another person within in the organization, who becomes the accountable manager for the matters delegated.

(3) Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft.

(4) Aeronautical experience. Pilot time obtained in an aircraft, approved flight simulator, or approved flight-training device for meeting the training and flight time requirements of these Regulations.

(5) Aeronautical product. Any aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or sub- assembly, appliance, material, part, or component to be installed thereon.

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(6) Aeroplane. A power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.

(7) Air Traffic Control. A service that promotes the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic at aerodromes and during the approach, departure, and en route environments.

(8) Air Traffic Control (ATC) facility. A building holding the persons and equipment responsible for providing ATC services (e.g., airport tower, approach control, center).

(9) Aircraft category. Classification of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics (e.g., aeroplane, helicopter, glider, free balloon).

(10) Aircraft component. Any component part of an aircraft up to and including a complete powerplant and/or any operational/emergency equipment.

(11) Aircraft type. All aircraft of the same basic design. (12) Airframe. The fuselage, booms, nacelles, cowlings, fairings, airfoil

surfaces (including rotors but excluding propellers and rotating airfoils of a powerplant), and landing gear of an aircraft and their accessories and controls.

(13) Airworthiness data. Any information necessary to ensure that an aircraft or aircraft component can be maintained in a condition such that airworthiness of the aircraft, or serviceability of operational and emergency equipment, as appropriate, is assured.

(14) Airworthiness release. A certification signed by a licenced mechanic authorized by the AOC holder indicating that work was performed in accordance with the AOC holder’s maintenance manual, was inspected by a licenced mechanic, and the aircraft was found satisfactory for safe operation.

(15) Appliance. Any instrument, mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus, appurtenance, or accessory, including communications equipment, that is used or intended to be used in operating or controlling an aircraft in flight, is installed in or attached to the aircraft, and is not part of an airframe, powerplant, or propeller.

(16) Approval. A formal instrument issued by the Authority based on a prior technical evaluation that authorizes the use of documents, portions of documents, or formal procedures in aviation.

(17) “Approved by the Authority” As used in these Schedules, this phrase identifies a document, person, facility, policy or procedure for which there must be an formal instrument issued prior to their use in aviation.

(18) Approved Maintenance Organization (AMO). An organization approved to perform specific aircraft maintenance activities by the Authority. These activities may include the inspection, overhaul, maintenance, repair and/or modification and release to service of aircraft or aeronautical products.

(19) Approved continuous maintenance program. A maintenance program approved by the State of Registry.

(20) Approved standard. A manufacturing, design, maintenance, or quality standard approved by the Authority.

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(21) Approved training. Training carried out under special curricula and supervision approved by the Authority.

(22) Authorization. A formal instrument issued by a civil aviation authority based on a technical evaluation that officially conveys to the holder certain privileges in aviation under the civil aviation law, regulations and Schedules.

(23)”Authorized by the Authority” This phrase identifies a requirement that involves a technical evaluation and the issuance of a formal instrument.

(24) Authorized instructor. A person who — (i) Holds a valid ground instructor certificate issued under Schedule

8 when conducting ground training; (ii) Holds a current flight instructor certificate issued under

Schedule 8 when conducting ground training or flight training; or

(iii) Is authorized by the Authority to provide ground training or flight training under Schedules 8 and 9.

(25) Authority. The Flight Standards Inspectorate of the Department of Civil Aviation.

(26) Balloon. A non-power-driven lighter-than-air aircraft. (27) Category II (CAT II) operations. With respect to the operation of

aircraft, means a straight-in ILS approach to the runway of an airport under a Category II ILS instrument approach procedure issued by the Authority or other appropriate authority.

(28) Category III (CAT III) operations. With respect to the operation of aircraft, means an ILS approach to, and landing on, the runway of an airport using a Category III ILS instrument approach procedure issued by the Authority or other appropriate authority.

(29) Certificate. A formal instrument issued by a civil aviation authority that authorizes the holder to perform the aviation activities identified on the document.

(30) Certify as airworthy. The required maintenance record entry completed by a properly authorized person after the modification, overhaul, repair, or the inspection of an aircraft, or aeronautical product required by the Authority.

(31) Certifying staff. Those personnel who are authorized by the Approved Maintenance Organization in accordance with a procedure acceptable to the Authority to certify aircraft or aircraft components for release to service.

(32) Commercial air transport. An aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo, or mail for remuneration or hire.

(33) Contracting States. All States that are signatories to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention).

(34) Course. A program of instruction to obtain an airman licence, rating, qualification, authorization, or currency.

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(35) Courseware. Instructional material developed for each course or curriculum, including lesson plans, flight event descriptions, computer software programs, audio-visual programs, workbooks, and handouts.

(36) Crew Resource Management. A program designed to improve the safety of flight operations by optimising the safe, efficient, and effective use of human resources, hardware, and information through improved crew communication and co-ordination.

(37) Cross-country time. That time a pilot spends in flight in an aircraft which includes a landing at a point other than the point of departure and, for the purpose of meeting the cross-country time requirements for a private pilot licence (except with a rotorcraft rating), commercial pilot licence, or an instrument rating, includes a landing at an aerodrome which must be a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure.

(38) Designation. A formal instrument issued by the Authority, based on a technical evaluation process, that authorizes the holder to act on behalf of the Authority in the performance of the functions identified in the document.

(39)”Designated by the Authority” This phrase identifies a requirement that requires a technical evaluation process and a formal instrument issued by the Authority before a person may be used for a specific function in aviation.

(40) Dual instruction time. Flight time during which a person is receiving flight instruction from a properly authorized flight instructor on board the aircraft.

(41) Evaluator. A person employed by a certified Aviation Training Organization who performs tests for licensing, added ratings, authorizations, and proficiency checks that are authorized by the certificate holder’s training specification, and who is authorized by the Authority to administer such checks and tests.

(42) Examiner. Any person authorized by the Authority to conduct a pilot proficiency test, a practical test for an airman licence or rating, or a knowledge test under these Regulations.

(43) Flight crew member. A licenced crew member charged with duties essential to the operation of an aircraft during flight time.

(44) Flight simulator. A device that — (i) Is a full-size aircraft cockpit replica of a specific type of aircraft,

or make, model, and series of aircraft; (ii) Includes the hardware and software necessary to represent the

aircraft in ground operations and flight operations; (iii) Uses a force cueing system that provides cues at least equivalent

to those cues provided by a 3 degree freedom of motion system; (iv) Uses a visual system that provides at least a 45 degree horizontal

field of view and a 30 degree vertical field of view simultaneously for each pilot; and

(v) Has been evaluated, qualified, and approved by the Authority.

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(45) Flight time. The total time from the moment an aircraft first moves under its own power for the purpose of taking off until the moment it comes to rest at the end of the flight.

Note: Flight time as here defined is synonymous with the term “block-to- block” time or “chock-to-chock” time in general usage, which is measured from the time an aircraft moves from the loading point until it stops at the unloading point. (46) Flight training device. A device that —

(i) Is a full-size replica of the instruments, equipment, panels, and controls of an aircraft, or set of aircraft, open or in an enclosed cockpit, including the hardware and software for the systems installed, that is necessary to simulate the aircraft in ground and flight operations;

(ii) Need not have a force (motion) cueing or visual system; and (iii) Has been evaluated, qualified, and approved by the Authority.

Note: A set of aircraft are those that share similar performance characteristics, such as similar airspeed and altitude operating envelopes, similar handling characteristics, and the same number and type of propulsion systems. (47) Flight training. Training, other than ground training, received from an

authorized instructor in flight in an aircraft. (48) Glider. A non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in

flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces, which remain, fixed under given conditions of flight.

(49) Helicopter. A heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axis. (i) Class 1 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in

case of critical engine failure, it is able to land on the rejected take- off area or safely continue the flight to an appropriate landing area, depending on when the failure occurs.

(ii) Class 2 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of critical engine failure, it is able to safely continue the flight, except when the failure occurs prior to a defined point after take-off or after a defined point before landing, in which case a forced landing may be required.

(iii) Class 3 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure at any point in the flight profile, a forced landing must be performed.

(50) Inspection. The examination of an aircraft or aeronautical product to establish conformity with a standard approved by the Authority.

(51) Instrument approach. An approach procedure prescribed by the Authority having jurisdiction over the aerodrome.

(52) Instrument time. Time in which cockpit instruments are used as the sole means for navigation and control.

(53) Instrument training. Training which is received from an authorized instructor under actual or simulated instrument meteorological conditions.

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(54) Knowledge test. A test on the aeronautical knowledge areas required for an airman licence or rating that can be administered in written form or by a computer.

(55) Licence. A formal instrument issued by a civil aviation authority that authorizes the holder to perform the functions identified on the document, subject to the applicable privileges and limitations.

(56) Large aeroplane. An aeroplane having a maximum certified take-off mass of 5,700 kg. (12,500 Lbs.), or more.

(57) Maintenance. Tasks required to ensure the continued airworthiness of an aircraft or aeronautical product including any one or combination of overhaul, repair, inspection, replacement, modification. and defect rectification.

(58) Maintenance release. A document containing a certification that inspection and maintenance work has been performed satisfactorily in accordance with the methods prescribed by the Authority.

(59) Minimum equipment list (MEL). A list approved by the Authority which provides for the operation of aircraft, subject to specified conditions, with particular equipment inoperative, prepared by an operator in conformity with, or more restrictive than, the Master Minimum Equipment List established for the aircraft type by the aircraft manufacturer, and approved by the State of Design.

(60) Night. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight or such other period between sunset and sunrise. Civil twilight ends in the evening when the center of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below the horizon and begins in the morning when the center of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.

(61) Operational control. The exercise of authority over the initiation, continuation, diversion or termination of a flight in the interest of the safety of the aircraft and the regularity and efficiency of the flight.

(62) Pilot in command. The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight time.

(63) Pilot time. That time a person — (i) Serves as a required pilot;

(ii) Receives training from an authorized instructor in an aircraft, approved flight simulator, or approved flight training device; or

(iii) Gives training as an authorized instructor in an aircraft, approved flight simulator, or approved flight training device.

(64) Powered-lift. A heavier-than-air aircraft capable of vertical takeoff, vertical landing, and low speed flight that depends principally on engine-driven lift devices or engine thrust for lift during these flight regimes and on nonrotating airfoil(s) for lift during horizontal flight.

(65) Powerplant. An engine that is used or intended to be used for propelling aircraft. It includes turbosuperchargers, appurtenances, and accessories necessary for its functioning, but does not include propellers.

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(66) Practical test. A competency test on the areas of operations for a licence, certificate, rating, or authorization that is conducted by having the applicant respond to questions and demonstrate manoeuvres in flight, in an approved flight simulator, or in an approved flight training device, or in a combination of these.

(67) Pre-flight inspection. The inspection carried out before flight to insure that the aircraft is fit for the intended flight.

(68) “Prescribed by the Authority” This phrase denotes a requirement where the Authority may, through Appendix, Advisory Circular or Operations Order, outline the steps and standards necessary to meet the requirement.

(69) Pressurized aircraft. For airman licensing purposes, means an aircraft that has a service ceiling or maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 feet MSL.

(70) Propeller. A device for propelling an aircraft that has blades on a powerplant driven shaft and that, when rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation. It includes control components normally supplied by its manufacturer, but does not include main and auxiliary rotors or rotating airfoils of powerplants.

(71) Rating. An authorization entered on or associated with a licence or certificate and forming part thereof, stating special conditions, privileges or limitations pertaining to such licence or certificate.

(72) Repair. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product to a serviceable condition in conformity with an approved standard.

(73) Second in command. A licenced pilot serving in a piloting capacity other than as pilot-in-command, who is designated as second in command and who meets second in command requirements of Schedule 10 of these Regulations.

(74) Small aeroplane. An aeroplane having a maximum certified take-off mass of less than 5,700 kg. (12,500 lbs.).

(75) Solo flight. Flight time during which a student pilot is the sole occupant of the aircraft, or that flight time during which the student acts as a PIC of a gas balloon or an airship requiring more than one flight crew member.

(76) State of Registry. The Contracting State on whose registry an aircraft is entered.

(77) Technical log. A document carried on an aircraft that contains information to meet ICAO requirements; a technical log contains two independent sections: a journey record section and an aircraft maintenance record section.

(78) Training program. Program that consists of courses, courseware, facilities, flight training equipment, and personnel necessary to accomplish a specific training objective. It may include a core curriculum and a specialty curriculum.

(79) Training time. The time spent receiving from an authorized instructor flight training, ground training, or simulated flight training in an approved flight simulator or approved flight-training device.

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(80) Validation. The acceptance of a certificate, licence, approval, designation, or authorization issued by another ICAO Contracting State as the primary basis for the Authority’s issuance of a certificate, licence, approval, designation, or authorization containing the same or more restrictive privileges.

1.020 ACRONYMS (RESERVED) SUBPART B

GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULES 1.025 DISPLAY AND INSPECTION OF LICENCES AND CERTIFICATES (a) Pilot licence:

(1) To act as a pilot of a civil aircraft of Bahamian registry, a pilot shall have in his or her physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft a valid pilot licence or special purpose authorization issued under these regulations.

(2) To act as a pilot of a civil aircraft of foreign registry within The Bahamas, a pilot shall be the holder of a valid pilot licence, and have the pilot licence in his or her physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft.

(b) Flight instructor licence: A person who holds a flight instructor licence shall have that licence, or other documentation acceptable to the Authority, in that person’s physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft when exercising the privileges of that licence.

(c) Other airman licence: A person required by any part of these Regulations to have an airman’s licence shall have it in their physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft or at the work site when exercising the privileges of that licence.

(d) Medical certificate: A person required by any Schedule of these Regulations to have a current medical certificate shall have it in their physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft or at the work site when exercising the privileges of that certificate.

(e) Pilot School certificate and Aviation Maintenance Technician School certificate: Each holder of a Pilot School certificate or a provisional Pilot School certificate or Aviation Maintenance Technician School certificate shall display that certificate in a place in the school that is normally accessible to the public and that is not obscured.

(f) Training Centre Certificate: Each holder of a Training Centre certificate shall prominently display that certificate in a place accessible to the public in the principal business office of the training center.

(g) Aircraft Airworthiness Certificate: Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall display that certificate in the cabin of the aircraft or at the entrance to the aircraft flight deck.

(h) Approved Maintenance Organization (AMO) Certificate: Each holder of an AMO certificate shall prominently display that certificate in a place accessible to the public in the principal business office of the AMO.

(i) Inspection of licence: Each person who holds an airman or crew member licence, medical certificate, or authorization required by these Regulations shall present it for inspection upon a request from:

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(1) The Authority; or (2) Any national or local law enforcement officer.

1.030 CHANGE OF NAME (a) A holder of a licence or certificate issued under these Regulations may apply

to change the name on a licence or certificate. The holder shall include with any such request — (1) The current licence or certificate; and (2) A copy of the marriage licence, court order, or other document

verifying the name change. (b) The Authority will return to the airman the documents specified in paragraph

(a) of this subsection. 1.035 CHANGE OF ADDRESS (a) The holder of an airman licence or pilot school, training centre, or aviation

maintenance school certificate who has made a change in permanent mailing address may not, after 30 days from that date, exercise the privileges of the licence or certificate unless the holder has notified the Authority in writing of the new permanent mailing address, or current residential address if the permanent mailing address includes a post office box number.

1.040 REPLACEMENT OF A LOST OR DESTROYED DCA-ISSUED DOCUMENT

(a) An applicant who has lost or destroyed one of the following documents issued under these Regulations shall request a replacement in writing from the office designated by the Authority: (1) An airman licence. (2) A medical certificate. (3) A knowledge test report.

(b) The airman or applicant shall state in the request letter — (1) The name of the airman or applicant; (2) The permanent mailing address, or if the permanent mailing address

includes a post office box number, the person’s current residential address; (3) The social security number or equivalent national identification number; (4) The date and place of birth of the airman or applicant; and (5) Any available information regarding the —

(i) Grade, number, and date of issuance of the licence, and the ratings, if applicable;

(ii) Date of the medical examination, if applicable; and (iii) Date the knowledge test was taken, if applicable.

(c) After receiving a facsimile from the Authority confirming that the lost or destroyed document was issued, an airman may carry the facsimile in lieu of the lost or destroyed document for up to 60 days pending the airman’s receipt of a duplicate document.

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1.045 FALSIFICATION, REPRODUCTION, OR ALTERATION OF REQUIRED DOCUMENTS

(a) No person may make or cause to be made concerning any licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization, application for or duplicate thereof, issued under these regulations: (1) Any fraudulent or intentionally false statement; (2) Any fraudulent or intentionally false entry in any logbook, record, or

report that these regulations require, or used to show compliance with any requirement of these regulations;

(3) Any reproduction for fraudulent purpose; or (4) Any alteration.

(b) Any person who commits any act prohibited under paragraph (a) of this section may have his or her airman licence, rating, certificate, qualification, or authorization revoked or suspended.

1.050 SURRENDER, SUSPENSION, OR REVOCATION OF LICENCE OR CERTIFICATE

(a) Any licence or certificate issued under these regulations ceases to be effective if it is surrendered, suspended, or revoked.

(b) The holder of any licence or certificate issued under these regulations that has been suspended or revoked shall return that licence or certificate to the Authority when requested to do so by the Authority.

1.055 REAPPLICATION AFTER REVOCATION (a) Unless otherwise authorized by the Authority, a person whose licence,

certificate, rating, or authorization has been revoked may not apply for any licence, certificate, rating, or authorization for 1 year after the date of revocation.

1.060 REAPPLICATION AFTER SUSPENSION (a) Unless otherwise authorized by the Authority, a person whose licence has

been suspended may not apply for any licence, rating, or authorization during the period of suspension.

1.065 VOLUNTARY SURRENDER OR EXCHANGE OF LICENCE (a) The holder of a licence or certificate issued under these regulations may

voluntarily surrender it for: (1) Cancellation; (2) Issuance of a lower grade licence; or (3) Another licence with specific ratings deleted.

(b) An applicant requesting voluntary surrender of a licence shall include the following signed statement or its equivalent: “This request is made for my own reasons, with full knowledge that my (insert name of licence or rating, as appropriate) may not be reissued to me unless I again pass the tests prescribed for its issuance.”

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1.070 PROHIBITION ON PERFORMANCE DURING MEDICAL DEFICIENCY

(a) A person who holds a current medical certificate issued under these regulations shall not act in a capacity for which that medical certificate is required while that person: (1) Knows or has reason to know of any medical condition that would make

the person unable to meet the requirements for the required medical certificate; or

(2) Is taking medication or receiving other treatment for a medical condition that results in the person being unable to meet the requirements for the required medical certificate.

1.075 DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING AND REPORTING (a) An employee who performs any function requiring a licence, rating, qualification, or

authorization prescribed by these regulations directly or by contract for a certificate holder under the provisions of these regulations may — (1) Be denied any licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization for

a period of up to 1 year after the date of such refusal; and (2) Have his or her licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization

issued under these regulations suspended or revoked. (b) Any person subject to these regulations who is convicted for the violation of any

local or national statute relating to the growing, processing, manufacture, sale, disposition, possession, transportation, or importation of narcotic drugs, marijuana, or depressant or stimulant drugs or substances, may — (1) Be denied any licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization

issued under these regulations for a period of up to 1 year after the date of final conviction; or

(2) Have his or her licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization issued under these regulations suspended or revoked.

(c) Any person subject to these regulations who refuses to submit to a test to indicate the percentage by weight of alcohol in the blood, when requested by a law enforcement officer, or refuses to furnish or to authorize the release of the test results requested by the Authority may — (1) Be denied any licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization

issued under these regulations for a period of up to 1 year after the date of that refusal; or

(2) Have his or her licence, certificate, rating, qualification, or authorization issued under these regulations suspended or revoked.

SUBPART C VALIDATION OF CERTIFICATES AND AUTHORIZATIONS

1.080 VALIDATION — GENERAL (a) The Authority may, with prescribed restrictions and after a process of technical

evaluation and confirmation, use a certificate, licence, approval, designation, or authorization issued by another ICAO Contracting State as the basis for the issuance of a certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization containing the same or more restrictive privileges.

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(b) The Authority may not use the process of validation to abdicate its responsibility to ensure that the source documents used are valid and were issued in accordance with applicable ICAO Standards.

(c) The Authority may conduct any additional test or inspection deemed technically or administratively necessary to confirm the competency of the holder and the validity of the certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization.

(d) The Authority will not use a document issued by another ICAO Contracting State through the process of validation as the primary basis for issuance of a Bahamian certificate.

1.085 TERM OF VALIDITY (a) Each certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization issued by

the Authority through a validation process is subject to the same procedures for modification, suspension, revocation or termination applicable to other documents issued by the Authority.

(b) Unless otherwise prescribed, each certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization issued by the Authority through a validation process will become invalid when the document used as the basis of issuance becomes invalid, non-current, or expires or is suspended or revoked by the ICAO Contracting State that originally issued it.

(c) The Authority must notify the Authority of the other ICAO Contracting State if, through the processes of certification, inspection, observation or investigation, it determines that the holder of a certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization issued through the processes of validation is — (1) No longer qualified or competent to hold that document; (2) Not in conformance with the applicable ICAO Standards or national

regulations applicable to that document; or (3) Engaged in sub-standard practices with respect to the international

safety practices relevant to that document. 1.090 HOLDERS OF VALIDATED DOCUMENTS (a) No act of validation by the Authority relieves the holder of the certificate,

licence, approval, designation or authorization from conformance with these Schedules or the applicable laws of the ICAO Contracting State that issued the original document.

(b) No act of validation by the Authority relieves the holder of the certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization from inspection and verification by the Authority for continued competency and conformance with the original basis for issuance.

(c) The holder of a certificate, licence, approval, designation, or authorization issued through the process of validation shall submit to any additional test or inspection deemed technically or administratively by the Authority to ensure the continued validity and competency of the holder of the certificate, licence, approval, designation or authorization.

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1.095 VALIDATION OF TYPE CERTIFICATES AND SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATES

(a) With the exception of experimental or restricted certificates of airworthiness, all certificates of airworthiness issued by the Authority will conform to the Type Certificate and Supplemental Type Certificates issued by the State of Design or Manufacture.

1.100 VALIDATION OF CERTIFICATES OF AIRWORTHINESS

(a) Certificates of Airworthiness issued by the Authority may use as the primary basis for original issuance another ICAO Contracting State’s certificate, but the continued validity of the Bahamian certificate of airworthiness will not be linked to the other State’s certificate.

1.105 VALIDATION OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATES (a) Medical certificates issued by the Authority with validation of another ICAO

Contracting State’s certificate as the primary basis for issuance will be linked to the continued validity of the other State’s certificate.

1.110 VALIDATION OF AIRMAN CERTIFICATES AND RATINGS

(a) Airman certificates, ratings and limitations issued by the Authority to citizens of The Bahamas with validation of another ICAO Contracting State’s certificate as the primary basis for issuance will not be linked to the continued validity of the other State’s certificate.

(b) Airman certificates, ratings and limitations issued to persons not citizens of the Bahamas with valuation of another ICAO Contracting State’s certificate as the primary basis for issuance will be linked to the continued validity of the other State’s certificate.

1.115 VALIDATION OF AIR OPERATOR CERTIFICATES. (a) Validation will never be used by the Authority as the primary basis for

issuance of an Air Operator Certificate to a Bahamian entity engaged in commercial air transport.

1.120 VALIDATION OF APPROVED ORGANIZATIONS (a) The holder of an Approved Maintenance Organization Certificate issued by

another ICAO Contracting State may be authorized by the Authority to perform maintenance and repair of aircraft registered in the Bahamas (or operated by the holder of AOC issued by the Bahamas) using as the primary basis the certificate, privileges and limitations issued by the other State.

(b) The holder of an Approved Training Organization Certificate issued by another ICAO Contracting State may be authorized by the Authority to provide training facilities, equipment, simulators, instructors and examiners to airmen and operators of the Bahamas, using as the primary basis the certificate, privileges, designation and limitations issued by the other State.

(c) Other organizations approved by an ICAO Contracting State may be authorized by the Authority to provide services to airmen and operators of The Bahamas, using as the primary basis the certificate, privileges and limitations issued by the other State.

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(d) The authorizations issued to these Approved Organizations by the Authority through the process of validation are linked to the continued validity of the certificates, privileges and limitations issued by the other State.

1.125 VALIDATION OF APPROVALS, AUTHORIZATIONS AND DESIGNATIONS

(a) Documents, facilities, equipment, training devices, simulators separately approved by an ICAO Contracting State through a technical certification process, and subject to continued inspection or revalidation, may be separately approved by the Authority for use of airmen and operators of The Bahamas, using as the primary basis the approval, privileges and limitations issued by the other State.

(b) Personnel holding an authorization from an ICAO Contracting State to perform certain functions on behalf of the Authority of that State, based on acceptable technical requirements, qualification processes and subject to continued inspection, may be authorized by the Authority for use of airmen and operators of The Bahamas, using as the primary basis the authorization, privileges and limitation issued by the other State.

(c) Personnel holding a designation from an ICAO Contracting State to perform certain functions on behalf of the Authority of that State, based on acceptable technical requirements, qualification processes and subject to continued inspection, may be designated by the Authority for use of airmen and operators of The Bahamas, using as the primary basis the designation, privileges and limitations issued by the other State.

(d) The approvals, authorizations and designations issued by the Authority through the process of validation are linked to the continued validity of the approvals, authorizations and designations issued by the other State.

SUBPART D EXEMPTIONS AND EQUIVALENT SAFETY CASE

1.130 EXEMPTIONS AND EQUIVALENT SAFETY CASE No person may introduce procedures contrary to those prescribed in these

regulations unless needed and an equivalent safety case has first been approved by the Authority.

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SCHEDULE 2

PENALTIES PART A

PROVISIONS REFERRED TO IN REGULATION 9.(5)

Regulation Subject Matter 5 Failure to comply with direction given under the regulations

7(2) Failure to surrender document 8(5) Failure to surrender permit

15(2) Failure to produce document or record 15(3) Failure to allow access 15(7) Intentional obstruction or impedance of authorised person

16(2)(a) Failure to grant access to an aerodrome 16(2)(b) Failure to grant access to aircraft or facilities for inspection 16(2)(c) Failure to allow inflight inspection

17(2) Obstruction or interference with the copying of documents 18 Failure to produce documents and records

20(1) Failure to produce reports of occurrences 21 Failure to carry proper documents 22 Failure to preserve documents 24 Aircraft flying unregistered 26 Aircraft flying with false or incorrect markings 27 Failure to conform to type certificate 30 Flight without appropriate maintenance

30(2) Failure to conform to maintenance program 31(1) Failure to keep aircraft maintenance records 31(2) Failure to enter defects in maintenance records 31(3) Failure to enter rectification of defects in maintenance

records 32 Flight without a release to service 39 Conducting operations without complying with the minimum

instruments and equipment requirements 42 Providing flying instruction without proper certificate 45 Flying when not properly qualified and current

46(1) Operations without a valid airman medical certificate 50 Careless or reckless actions

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Regulation Subject Matter 59 Failure to comply with requirements for operations in

controlled flight 61(1) Failure to comply with the terms of the aerial application

certificate 62(1) Failure to meet requirements for towing, picking up and

raising of articles and persons 64(1) Failure to obtain authorization for persons dropping or

jumping from aircraft 66 Failure to comply with requirements for exhibition of flying,

aircraft races or contests 68 Operations in commercial air transport without completing

the certification requirements for such operations 69 Failure to continue to comply with the authorizations and

limitations prescribed by the Authority for commercial air transport.

70 Operation of unauthorized aircraft in commercial air transport

71 Failure to comply with the security requirements applicable to commercial air transport

72 Failure to comply with the maintenance requirements applicable to commercial air transport

73 Failure to comply with minimum passenger carrying requirements for commercial air transport

74 Failure to comply with the minimum and recurring qualifications for persons involved in commercial air transport

75 Failure to comply with the maximum duty and flight time and minimum rest period requirements applicable to personnel in commercial air transport

76 Failure to comply with the flight release requirements of commercial air transport

77 Failure to comply with mass and balance and performance requirements for commercial air transport

80(1) Failure to make accident report 80(3) Failure to co-operate with an accident investigation

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PART B PROVISIONS REFERRED TO IN REGULATION 9.(6)

Regulation Subject Matter 14 Improper possession or use of Aviation Safety Inspector

Credential 15(2) False statement 15(5) Failure to comply with prevent flying order 20(5) False report 23(1)(a) Use of a document by a person not entitled to that document 23(1)(b) Allowing improper person to use personal licences and

certificates 23(1)(c) False representation for the purpose of acquiring a certificate

or document 23(2) Intentional alteration, damage, or destroying of document 23(2) False entries in documents 23(4) Issuance of document when not entitled to make that issue 28 Flight without a certificate of airworthiness 29 Failure to comply with airworthiness directives 33(1) Conducting business as an Approved Maintenance

Organization without obtaining required certificate. 49(1) Conducting business as an Approved Training Organization

without obtaining required certificate. 52 Interference with a crew member 67(1) Operations in commercial air transport without an Air

Operator Certificate 78 Unauthorized shipment or carriage of dangerous goods 79 Unauthorized carriage of munitions of war or weapons 80(2) False report regarding accident

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SCHEDULE 3 AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION

SUBPART A: GENERAL 3.001 Applicability 3.005 Definitions 3.010 Acronyms SUBPART B: REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS 3.015 General 3.020 Registration Eligibility 3.025 Application SUBPART C: NATIONALITY AND REGISTRATION MARKS 3.030 General 3.035 Display of Marks: General 3.040 Size of Marks 3.045 Deviations for Size and Location of Marks 3.050 Location of Marks on Fixed-wing Aircraft 3.055 Location of Marks on Rotorcraft 3.060 Location of Marks on Lighter-than-Air Aircraft 3.065 Sale of Aircraft: Removal of Marks 3.070 Identification Plate Required

SUBPART A GENERAL

3.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This Schedule prescribes the requirements for registration and marking of

Civil Aircraft under the provisions of The Bahamas Air Navigation Regulations.

3.005 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of this Schedule, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) Fireproof material. A material capable of withstanding heat as well as or better than steel when the dimensions in both cases are appropriate for the specific purpose.

(2) Glider. A non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.

(3) Heavier-than-air aircraft. Any aircraft deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic forces.

(4) Lighter-than-air aircraft. Any aircraft supported chiefly by its buoyancy in the air.

(5) State of Registry. The State on whose register the aircraft is entered.

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3.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in this Schedule:

(1) ADIZ — Air Defence Identification Zone (2) DEWIZ — Distant Early Warning Identification Zone

SUBPART B REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS

3.015 GENERAL (a) No person may operate a civil aircraft that is eligible for registration under

the laws of The Bahamas unless it has been registered by its owner under the provisions of the laws of The Bahamas and the Authority has issued a Certificate of Aircraft Registration for that aircraft which shall be carried aboard that aircraft for all operations.

3.020 REGISTRATION ELIGIBILITY (a) An aircraft is eligible for registration if it is —

(1) Owned by a natural citizen, an individual citizen of a foreign State who is lawfully admitted for permanent residence in The Bahamas, a corporation lawfully organized and doing business under the laws of The Bahamas, or a government entity of The Bahamas; and

(2) Not registered under the laws of any foreign country. 3.025 APPLICATION (a) A person who wishes to register an aircraft in The Bahamas must submit an

application for aircraft registration to the Authority in a form and manner acceptable to the Authority. Each application shall — (1) Certify as to citizenship; (2) Show evidence identifying ownership; and (3) Be signed in ink.

(b) The fee provided for by law will be submitted for processing as prescribed by the Authority.

(c) Upon an applicant meeting all requirements for registration, a Certificate of Aircraft Registration will be issued by the Authority.

SUBPART C NATIONALITY AND REGISTRATION MARKS

3.030 GENERAL (a) No person may operate a civil aircraft registered in The Bahamas unless it

displays nationality and registration marks in accordance with the requirements of this section. The letter or letters used to identify the nationality of the aircraft shall conform to the requirements outlined in ICAO Annex 7. This is to be followed by a series of numbers or letters assigned by the Authority.

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(b) Unless otherwise authorized by the Authority, no person may place on any aircraft a design, mark, or symbol that modifies or confuses the nationality and registration marks. The marks shall not be confused with the International Five Letter Code of Signals or Distress Codes.

(c) Permanent marking of aircraft nationality and registration shall — (1) Be painted on the aircraft or affixed by other means insuring a similar

degree of permanence; (2) Have No Date ornamentation; (3) Contrast in color with the background; and (4) Be legible.

3.035 DISPLAY OF MARKS: GENERAL (a) Each owner shall display on that aircraft marks consisting of the Roman capital

letter denoting nationality of The Bahamas followed by the registration number of the aircraft in Arabic numerals. Each suffix letter used in the marks displayed must also be a Roman capital letter.

(b) If, because of the aircraft configuration, it is not possible to mark the aircraft in accordance with this Part, the owner may apply to the Authority for a different procedure.

3.040 SIZE OF MARKS (a) Each operator of an aircraft shall display marks on the aircraft meeting the size

requirements of this section. (b) Height. The character marks shall be of equal height and on —

(1) Fixed-wing aircraft must be at least 30 centimetres high; (2) Rotorcraft must be at least 30 centimetres high; and (3) Lighter-than-air and powered-lift aircraft at least 50 centimetres high.

(c) Width. Characters must be two-thirds as wide as they are high, except the number “1”, which must be one-sixth as wide as it is high, and the letters “M” and “W” which may be as wide as they are high.

(d) Thickness. Characters shall be formed by solid lines one-sixth as thick as the character is high.

(e) Spacing. The space between each character may not be less than one-fourth of the character width.

(f) Uniformity. The marks required by this Part for fixed-wing aircraft must have the same height, width, thickness, and spacing on both sides of the aircraft.

(g) Each operator of an aircraft penetrating an ADIZ or DEWIZ shall display on that aircraft temporary or permanent nationality and registration marks at least 30 centimeters high.

3.045 DEVIATIONS FOR SIZE AND LOCATION OF MARKS (a) If either one of the surfaces authorized for displaying required marks is large

enough for display of marks meeting the size requirements of this section and the other is not, the operator shall place full-size marks on the larger surface.

(b) If neither surface is large enough for full-size marks, the Authority may approve marks as large as practicable for display on the larger of the two surfaces.

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3.050 LOCATION OF MARKS ON FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT (a) The operator of a fixed-wing aircraft shall display the required marks on

either the vertical tail surfaces or the sides of the fuselage. (b) The marks required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be displayed as

follows: (1) If displayed on the vertical tail surfaces, horizontally on both surfaces,

horizontally on both surfaces of a single vertical tail or on the outer surfaces of a multi-vertical tail.

(2) If displayed on the fuselage surfaces, horizontally on both sides of the fuselage between the trailing edge of the wing and the leading edge of the horizontal stabilizer.

(3) If engine pods or other appurtenances are located in the area described in paragraph (b)(2) and are an integral part of the aircraft, the operator may place the marks on those pods or appurtenances.

3.055 LOCATION OF MARKS ON ROTORCRAFT (a) Each operator of a rotorcraft shall display marks horizontally on both

surfaces of the cabin, fuselage, boom, or tail, such that the rotorcraft can be readily identified.

3.060 LOCATION OF MARKS ON LIGHTER-THAN-AIR AIRCRAFT (a) Airships. The operator shall place marks on an airship to appear on —

(1) The hull, located lengthwise on each side of the hull and on its upper surface on the line of symmetry; or

(2) The horizontal and vertical stabilizers surfaces — (i) For the horizontal stabilizer, located on the right half of the

upper surface and on the left half of the lower surface, with the tops of the letters and numbers toward the leading edge; and

(ii) For the vertical stabilizer, located on each side of the bottom half stabilizer, with the letters and numbers placed horizontally.

(b) Spherical balloons (other than unmanned free balloons). The operator shall apply marks to appear in two places diametrically opposite each other and located near the maximum horizontal circumference of the balloon.

(c) Non-spherical balloons (other than unmanned free balloons). The operator shall apply marks to appear on each side, located near the maximum cross- section of the balloon immediately above either the rigging band or the points of attachment of the basket suspension cables.

(d) Lighter-than-air aircraft (other than unmanned free balloons). The operator shall apply side marks to be visible both from the sides and from the ground.

(e) Unmanned free balloons. The operator shall apply marks to appear on the identification plate.

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3.065 SALE OF AIRCRAFT: REMOVAL OF MARKS (a) When an aircraft that is registered in The Bahamas is sold, the holder of the

Certificate of Aircraft Registration shall remove, before its delivery to the purchaser, all nationality and registration marks of The Bahamas, unless the purchaser is a citizen or other legal entity.

3.070 IDENTIFICATION PLATE REQUIRED (a) The operator shall affix to each aircraft registered under the laws of The

Bahamas an identification plate — (1) Containing the aircraft type, model, serial number, marks of

nationality, and licence; (2) Made of fireproof metal or other fireproof material of suitable

physical properties; (3) Secured to the aircraft in a prominent position, near the main entrance,

or, in the case of a free balloon, affixed conspicuously to the exterior of the payload.

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SCHEDULE 4

AIRCRAFT AND COMPONENT ORIGINAL CERTIFICATION

SUBPART A: GENERAL 4.001 Applicability 4.005 Definitions 4.010 Acronyms SUBPART B: TYPE CERTIFICATES 4.015 Validation of Type Certificates 4.020 Type Certificate Issuance by The Bahamas 4.025 Validation of Supplemental Type Certificates SUBPART C: AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION REGULATIONS 4.035 Applicable Aircraft Certification Regulations

SUBPART A GENERAL

4.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This Schedule prescribes the type-certificate and supplemental type certificate

standards that will be applied during the issuance and renewal of airworthiness certificates.

(b) This Schedule describes the policies of The Bahamas and the designation of applicable rules for original certification of aircraft and components.

4.005 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of this Schedule, the following definitions shall apply —

(1) State of Design. The Contracting State which approved the original type certificate and any subsequent supplemental type certificates for an aircraft, or which approved the design of an aeronautical product or appliance.

(2) State of Manufacture. The Contracting State, under whose authority an aircraft was assembled, approved for compliance with the type certificate and all extant supplemental type certificates, test flown and approved for operation. The state of manufacture may or may not also be the state of design.

(3) State of Registry. The Contracting State on whose register the aircraft is entered.

4.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in this Schedule:

(1) AOC — Air Operator Certificate (2) TSO — Technical Standard Order

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SUBPART B TYPE CERTIFICATES

4.015 VALIDATION OF TYPE CERTIFICATES (a) The Authority will validate the type certificate of the State of Design or State

of Manufacture when issuing an certificate of airworthiness for an aircraft on The Bahamas’ register.

(b) The Authority may, after technical evaluation to ensure that ICAO Standards are properly met, validate a type certificate issued by ICAO Contracting State other than the State of Design or Manufacture.

4.020 TYPE CERTIFICATE ISSUANCE BY THE BAHAMAS (a) The Authority will hold this Subpart reserved unfit such time as it has received

an application for Type Certificates, Production Certificates or other related approvals.

(b) Any applicant for a production certificate for any aircraft or aeronautical product thereof for manufacture in The Bahamas shall comply with the type certificate as required by the State of Design for approval.

(c) At such time as the application for production is presented the Authority will make available suitable schedules or provisions for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate, or airworthiness document as appropriate for the product concerned.

4.025 VALIDATION OF SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATES

(a) Any person who alters a product by introducing a major change in type design, not great enough to require a new application for a type certificate, shall apply for a Supplemental Type Certificate to the regulatory agency of the State of Design that approved the type certificate for that product, or to the State of Registry of the aircraft. The applicant shall apply in accordance with the procedures prescribed by that State.

SUBPART C AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION REGULATIONS

4.035 APPLICABLE AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION REGULATIONS

(a) The Authority will apply the detailed and comprehensive aircraft certification regulations of the ICAO Contracting State which issued the type certificate to the determination of continued airworthiness of the aircraft, provided — (1) These regulations are in conformance with the Standards of ICAO Annex 8; (2) These regulations are in English or certified translation to English; (3) A copy of these regulations are provided with the application for the

airworthiness certificate; and (4) There is a satisfactory method of updating the Authority’s copy of these

regulations throughout the period of time the aircraft is registered in the Bahamas.

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(b) The aircraft certification regulations which are available to and applied by the Authority in the determination for issuance of a certificate of airworthiness and continuing airworthiness are those of the — (1) United States Federal Aviation Administration; (2) European Joint Aviation Authorities; and (3) Canadian Ministry of Transport.

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SCHEDULE 5 CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT

SUBPART A: GENERAL 5.001 Applicability 5.005 Definitions 5.010 Acronyms SUBPART B: AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES 5.015 Applicability 5.020 Eligibility 5.025 Classifications of Airworthiness Certificates 5.030 Amendment of Airworthiness Certificate 5.035 Transfer or Surrender of Airworthiness Certificate 5.040 Effective Dates of Airworthiness Certificate 5.045 Aircraft Identification 5.050 Issue of Standard Airworthiness Certificates 5.055 Airworthiness Directives 5.060 Issue of Noise Certificate 5.065 Issue of Special Airworthiness Certificates SUBPART C: CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT AND

COMPONENTS 5.070 Applicability 5.075 Responsibility 5.080 General 5.085 Reporting of Failures, Malfunctions, and Defects SUBPART D: AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS 5.090 Applicability 5.095 General 5.097 Repair Assessment for Pressurized Fuselages 5.100 Maintenance Required 5.105 Inspections 5.110 Progressive inspection 5.115 Changes to Aircraft Maintenance Programs SUBPART E: PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 5.135 Applicability 5.140 Persons Authorised to Perform Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and

Modifications 5.145 Persons Authorised to Perform Maintenance 5.150 Authorised Personnel to Approve for Return to Service 5.155 Persons Authorised to Perform Inspections 5.160 Performance Rules: Maintenance 5.165 Performance Rules: Inspections 5.170 Performance Rules: Airworthiness Limitations

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SUBPART F: MAINTENANCE RECORDS AND ENTRIES 5.200 Owner Maintenance Records 5.205 Owner Maintenance Records Retention 5.210 Transfer of Maintenance Records by Owner 5.215 Maintenance and Modification Record Entries 5.220 Entries Required Following Overhaul and Rebuilding 5.225 Entries for Approval for Return to Service 5.230 Content and Form for Entries Following Inspection SUBPART G: MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL LIMITATIONS, PRIVILEGES

AND RECENCY 5.250 Rest and Duty Limitations for Persons Performing

Maintenance Functions 5.255 AMT Privileges and Limitations 5.260 AMT Recent Experience Requirements 5.265 Inspection Authorisation Privileges and Limitations 5.270 Aviation Repair Specialist Licences: Privileges and Limitations APPENDICES Appendix 1 to 5.005: Major Modifications (Definition) Appendix 2 to 5.005: Major Repairs (Definition) Appendix 3 to 5.005: Preventive Maintenance (Definition) Appendix 1 to 5.105: Altimeter System Tests and Inspections

Table I to Appendix 1 to 5.105 Table II to Appendix 1 to 5.105: Test Tolerances Table III to Appendix 1 to 5.105: Friction Table IV to Appendix 1 to 5.5105: Pressure/Altitude Difference

Appendix 2 to 5.105: Transponder Tests and Inspections Appendix 3 to 5.105: VOR Receiver Tests and Inspections Appendix 1 to 5.165: Performance Rules: 100-Hour Inspections Appendix 1 to 5.215: Recording of Major Repairs and Major Modifications

SUBPART A GENERAL

5.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This Schedule prescribes the requirements for —

(1) Certification of aircraft and aeronautical components; (2) Issuance of Airworthiness certificates and other certifications for aero-

nautical products; (3) Continued airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical components; (4) Rebuilding and modifications of aircraft and aeronautical components; (5) Maintenance and preventive maintenance of aircraft and aeronautical

components; (6) Aircraft inspection requirements; and (7) Air operator aircraft maintenance and inspection requirements.

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5.005 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of the Schedule, the following definitions shall apply —

(1) Major modification. Described in Appendix 1 to 5.005 (2) Major repair. Described in Appendix 2 to 5.005. (3) Modification. The alteration of an aircraft/aeronautical product in

conformity with an approved standard. (4) Preventative maintenance. Described in Appendix 3 to 5.005. (5) Overhaul. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product using methods,

techniques, and practices acceptable to the Authority, including disassembly, cleaning, and inspection as permitted, repair as necessary, and reassembly; and tested in accordance with approved standards and technical data, or in accordance with current standards and technical data acceptable to the Authority, which have been developed and documented by the State of Design, holder of the type certificate, supplemental type certificate, or a material, part, process, or appliance approval under Parts Manufacturing Authorisation (PMA) or Technical Standard Order (TSO).

(6) Rebuild. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product by using methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the Authority, when it has been disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted, repaired as necessary, reassembled, and tested to the same tolerances and limits as a new item, using either new parts or used parts that conform to new part tolerances and limits. This work will be performed by only the manufacturer or an organization approved by the manufacturer, and authorised by the State of Registry.

(7) Required inspection items. Maintenance items and/or alterations that must be inspected by a person other than the one performing the work, and include at least those that could result in a failure, malfunction, or defect endangering the safe operation of the aircraft, if not properly performed or if improper parts or materials are used.

(8) State of Design. The Contracting State which approved the original type certificate and any subsequent supplemental type certificates for an aircraft, or which approved the design of an aeronautical product or appliance.

(9) State of Manufacture. The Contracting State, under whose authority an aircraft was assembled, approved for compliance with the type certificate and all extant supplemental type certificates, test flown and approved for operation. The state of manufacture may or may not also be the state of design.

(10) State of Registry. The Contracting State on whose register the aircraft is entered.

5.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in this Schedule:

(1) AOC — Air Operator Certificate (2) AMO — Approved Maintenance Organization (3) MEL — Minimum Equipment List

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(4) PIC — Pilot in command (5) TSO — Technical Standard Order

SUBPART B AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES

5.015 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes procedures required for the issue of airworthiness

certificates. 5.020 ELIGIBILITY (a) Any registered owner of a Bahamian registered aircraft, or agent of the owner,

may apply for an airworthiness certificate for that aircraft. (b) Each applicant for an airworthiness certificate shall apply in a form and manner

acceptable to the Authority. 5.025 CLASSIFICATIONS OF AIRWORTHINESS

CERTIFICATES (a) Standard Airworthiness Certificates will be issued for aircraft in the specific

category and model designated by the State of Design in the type certificate. (b) The Authority may issue a Special Airworthiness Certificate in the form of a

restricted certificate or special flight permit. 5.030 AMENDMENT OF AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority may amend or modify an Airworthiness Certificate:

(1) Upon application from an operator. (2) On its own initiative.

5.035 TRANSFER OR SURRENDER OF AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE

(a) An owner shall transfer an Airworthiness Certificate — (1) To the lessee upon lease of an aircraft within or outside The Bahamas. (2) To the buyer upon sale of the aircraft within The Bahamas.

(b) An owner shall surrender the Airworthiness Certificate for the aircraft to the issuing Authority upon sale of that aircraft outside of The Bahamas.

5.040 EFFECTIVE DATES OF AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE

(a) Airworthiness Certificates are effective as follows unless sooner surrendered, suspended or revoked, or a special termination date is otherwise established by the Authority — (1) A special flight permit is valid for the period of time specified in the permit. (2) A Certificate of Airworthiness shall be renewed or shall remain valid,

subject to the laws of the State of Registry, provided that the State of Registry shall require that the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft shall be determined by a periodical inspection at appropriate intervals having regard to lapse of time and type of service.

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(b) When an aircraft imported for registration in The Bahamas has a Certificate of Airworthiness issued by another Contracting State, The Bahamas may, as an alternative to issuance of its own Certificate of Airworthiness, establish validity by suitable authorisation to be carried with the former Certificate of Airworthiness accepting it as the equivalent of a Certificate of Airworthiness issued by The Bahamas. The validity of the authorisation shall not extend beyond the period of validity of the Certificate of Airworthiness or one year, whichever is less.

5.045 AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION (a) Each applicant for an airworthiness certificate shall show that the aircraft is

properly registered and marked, including identification plates. 5.050 ISSUE OF STANDARD AIRWORTHINESS

CERTIFICATES (a) The Authority will issue a Standard Airworthiness certificate if —

(1) The applicant presents evidence to the Authority that the aircraft conforms to a type design approved under a type certificate or a supplemental type certificate and to the applicable Airworthiness Directives of the State of Manufacture;

(2) The aircraft has been inspected in accordance with the performance rules of this schedule for inspections and found airworthy by persons authorised by the Authority to make such determinations within the last 30 calendar days; and

(3) The Authority finds after an inspection that the aircraft conforms to type design and is in condition for safe operation.

(b) The Authority may validate an airworthiness certificate issued by another Contracting State upon registration of the aircraft in The Bahamas for the period specified in that certificate.

5.055 AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES (a) Upon registration of an aircraft in The Bahamas, the Authority will notify

the State of Design of the aircraft of the registration in The Bahamas, and request that the Authority receives any and all airworthiness directives addressing that aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part.

(b) Whenever the State of Design considers that a condition in an aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part is unsafe as shown by the issuance of an airworthiness directive by that State, the Authority will make the requirements of such directives apply to The Bahamas registered civil aircraft of the type identified in that airworthiness directive.

(c) The Authority may identify manufacturer’s service bulletins and other sources of data, or develop and prescribe inspections, procedures and limitations, for mandatory compliance pertaining to affected aircraft in The Bahamas.

(d) No person may operate any The Bahamas registered civil aircraft to which the measures of this subsection apply, except in accordance with the applicable directives.

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5.060 ISSUE OF NOISE CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority will issue a noise certificate for each aircraft to be used in

international operations. 5.065 ISSUE OF SPECIAL AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES (a) The Authority may issue a Special Airworthiness Certificate to the aircraft that

does not qualify for a Standard Certificate. (b) Aircraft holding Special Airworthiness Certificates shall be subject to operating

limitations within The Bahamas and may not make international flights. The Authority shall issue specific operating limitations for each Special Airworthiness Certificate.

(c) The Authority may issue Special Flight Permits to an aircraft that is capable of safe flight, but unable to meet applicable airworthiness requirements, for the purpose of — (1) Flying to a base where repairs, modifications, maintenance, or inspections

are to be performed, or to a point of storage; (2) Testing after repairs, modifications, or maintenance have been performed; (3) Delivering or exporting the aircraft; (4) Evacuating aircraft from areas of impending danger; and (5) Operating at weight in excess of the aircraft’s maximum Certified

Takeoff Weight for flight beyond normal range over water or land areas where adequate landing facilities or appropriate fuel is not available. The excess weight is limited to additional fuel, fuel-carrying facilities, and navigation equipment necessary for the flight.

(d) The Authority may issue a special flight permit with continuing authorisation issued to an aircraft that may not meet applicable airworthiness requirements but are capable of safe flight, for the purpose of flying aircraft to a base where maintenance or alterations are to be performed. The permit issued under this paragraph is an authorisation, including conditions and limitations for flight, which is set forth in the AOC Holder’s specific operating provisions. This permit under this paragraph may be issued to an AOC Holder certificated under Schedule 12.

(e) In the case of Special Flight Permits, the Authority shall require a properly executed maintenance endorsement in the aircraft permanent record by a person or organization, authorised in accordance with this Schedule, stating that the subject aircraft has been inspected and found to be safe for the intended flight.

(f) The operator shall obtain all required overflight authorisations from countries to be overflown on flights outside The Bahamas.

SUBPART C CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT AND COMPONENTS

5.070 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes rules governing the continued airworthiness of civil

aircraft registered in The Bahamas whether operating inside or outside the borders of The Bahamas.

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5.075 RESPONSIBILITY (a) The owner of an aircraft or, in the case of a leased aircraft, the lessee, shall be

responsible for maintaining the aircraft in an airworthy condition by ensuring that — (1) All maintenance, overhaul, modifications and repairs which affect air-

worthiness are performed as prescribed by the State of Registry; (2) Maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft main-

tenance records certifying that the aircraft is airworthy; (3) The approval for return to service (maintenance release) is completed

to the effect that the maintenance work performed has been completed satisfactorily and in accordance with the prescribed methods; and

(4) In the event there are open discrepancies, the maintenance release includes a list of the uncorrected maintenance items and these items are made a part of the aircraft permanent record.

5.080 GENERAL (a) No person may perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or

modifications on an aircraft other than as prescribed in this schedule. (b) No person may operate an aircraft for which a manufacturer’s maintenance

manual or instructions for continued airworthiness has been issued that contains an airworthiness limitation section unless the mandatory replacement times, inspection intervals, and related procedures specified in that section or alternative inspection intervals and related procedures set forth in the specific operating provisions approved under Schedule 12, or in accordance with the inspection program approved under this Schedule has been complied with.

(c) No person may operate an aeronautical product to which an Airworthiness Directive applies, issued either by the State of Design, or State of Manufacture and adopted for The Bahamas-registered aircraft by the Authority, or by the State of Registry for aircraft operated within The Bahamas, except in accordance with the requirements of that Airworthiness Directive.

(d) When the Authority determines that an airframe or aeronautical product has exhibited an unsafe condition and that condition is likely to exist or to develop in other products of the same type design, the Authority may issue an Airworthiness Directive prescribing inspections and the conditions and limitations, if any, under which those products may continue to be operated.

5.085 REPORTING OF FAILURES, MALFUNCTIONS, AND DEFECTS

(a) Owners or operators of aircraft over 5,700 kg maximum take-off weight shall report to the Authority any failures, malfunctions, or defects that result in at least the following — (1) Fires during flight and whether the related fire-warning system properly

operated; (2) Fires during flight not protected by a related fire-warning system; (3) False fire warning during flight; (4) An engine exhaust system that causes damage during flight to the engine,

adjacent structure, equipment, or components;

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(5) An aircraft component that causes accumulation or circulation of smoke, vapour, or toxic or noxious fumes in the crew compartment or passenger cabin during flight;

(6) Engine shutdown during flight because of flameout; (7) Engine shutdown during flight when external damage to the engine or

aircraft structure occurs; (8) Engine shutdown during flight due to foreign object ingestion or icing; (9) Shutdown during flight of more than one engine; (10) A propeller feathering system or ability of the system to control overspeed

during flight; (11) A fuel or fuel-dumping system that affects fuel flow or causes hazardous

leakage during flight; (12) An unintended landing gear extension or retraction, or opening or closing

of landing gear doors during flight; (13) Brake system components that result in loss of brake actuating force

when the aircraft is in motion on the ground; (14) Aircraft structure that requires major repair; (15) Cracks, permanent deformation, or corrosion of aircraft structure, if more

than the maximum acceptable to the manufacturer or the Authority; (16) Aircraft components or systems malfunctions that result in taking

emergency actions during flight (except action to shut down an engine); (17) Each interruption to a flight, unscheduled change of aircraft en route, or

unscheduled stop or diversion from a route, caused by known or suspected technical difficulties or malfunctions;

(18) Any abnormal vibration or buffeting caused by a structural or system malfunction, defect, or failure;

(19) A failure or malfunction of more than one attitude, airspeed, or altitude instrument during a given operation of the aircraft.

(20) The number of engines removed prematurely because of malfunction, failure or defect, listed by make and model and the aircraft type in which it was installed; or

(21) The number of propeller featherings in flight, listed by type of propeller and engine and aircraft on which it was installed.

(b) Each report required by this Subsection shall — (1) Be made within 3 days after determining that the failure, malfunction,

or defect required to be reported has occurred; and (2) Include as much of the following information as is available and

applicable — (i) Aircraft serial number;

(ii) When the failure, malfunction, or defect is associated with an article approved under a TSO authorisation, the article serial number and model designation, as appropriate;

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(iii) When the failure, malfunction or defect is associated with an engine or propeller, the engine or propeller serial number, as appropriate;

(iv) Product model; (v) Identification of the part, component, or system involved, including

the part number; and (vi) Nature of the failure, malfunction, or defect.

(c) The Authority, if the State of Registry of the aircraft, will submit all such reports upon receipt to the State of Design.

(d) The Authority, if not the State of Registry of the aircraft, will submit all such reports upon receipt to the State of Registry

SUBPART D AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

5.090 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the rules governing the maintenance and inspection of

Bahamian registered civil aircraft operating within or outside The Bahamas. (b) Unless otherwise approved by the Authority, this Subpart prescribes the

minimum requirements that apply to aircraft operated by the holder of an AOC issued by The Bahamas.

(c) Subsections 5.105 and 5.110 do not apply to aircraft subject to an approved continuous maintenance program approved by the Authority for an AOC holder in Schedule 12.

5.095 GENERAL (a) The registered owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for

maintaining that aircraft in an airworthy condition, including compliance with all airworthiness directives and mandatory service bulletins issued by the State of Design or Manufacture.

(b) No person may perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations on an aircraft other than as prescribed in this Schedule and other applicable Schedules.

(c) No person may operate an aircraft for which a manufacturer’s maintenance manual or instructions for continued airworthiness has been issued that contains an airworthiness limitations section unless the mandatory replacement times, inspection intervals and related procedures set forth in specific operating provisions approved by the Authority under Schedule 12 or in accordance with an inspection program approved under this Schedule.

5.097 REPAIR ASSESSMENT FOR PRESSURIZED FUSELAGES (a) No person may operate an aeroplane with a gross takeoff weight of 5700 kg

beyond the flight cycles prescribed by the Authority for such aircraft unless repair assessment guidelines applicable to the fuselage pressure boundary (fuselage skin, door skin and bulkhead webs) that have been approved by the competent Authority of the State of Design or Manufacture having cognizance over the type certificate for the affected aeroplane are incorporated within its inspection program.

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5.100 MAINTENANCE REQUIRED (a) Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall —

(1) Have that aircraft inspected as prescribed in this Schedule and discrepancies repaired as prescribed in the Performance Rules of this Schedule;

(2) Repair, replace, remove, or inspect any inoperative instruments or items of equipment at the next required inspection, except when permitted under the provisions of an Minimum Equipment List (MEL);

(3) Ensure that a placard has been installed on the aircraft when listed discrepancies include inoperative instruments or equipment; and

(4) Ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicating the aircraft has been approved for return to service.

5.105 INSPECTIONS (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c), no person may operate an aircraft

unless, within the preceding 12 calendar months, the aircraft has had — (1) An annual inspection in accordance with this Schedule and has been

approved for return to service by a person authorised under this Schedule; or (2) An inspection for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate in

accordance with this Schedule. Note: No inspection performed under paragraph (b) of this section may be substituted for any inspection required by this paragraph unless it is performed by a person authorised to perform annual inspections and is entered as an “annual” inspection in the required maintenance record.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c), no person may operate an aircraft carrying any person (other than a crew member) for hire, and no person may give flight instruction for hire in an aircraft which that person provides, unless within the preceding 100 hours of time in service: (1) The aircraft has received an annual or 100-hour inspection and been

approved for return to service in accordance with this Schedule; or (2) Has received an inspection for the issuance of an airworthiness

certificate in accordance with this Schedule. Note: The 100-hour limitation may be exceeded by not more than 10 hours while en route to reach a place where the inspection can be done. The excess time used to reach a place where the inspection can be done must be included in computing the next 100 hours of time in service.

(c) Paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do not apply to — (1) An aircraft that carries a special flight permit, a current experimental

certificate, or a provisional airworthiness certificate; (2) An aircraft subject to the requirements of subsection 5.110 of this

section; or (3) Turbine-powered rotorcraft when the operator elects to inspect that

rotorcraft in accordance with 5.110 of this section. (d) Other Inspections. The altimeter, altimeter system, transponder and VOR

inspections required by Schedule 10 should accomplished as prescribed by the Authority.

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For these tests and inspections, see Appendix 1 to 5.105 for the altimeter system; Appendix 2 to 5.105 for the ATC transponder, Appendix 3 to 5.105 for the VOR receiver.

5.110 PROGRESSIVE INSPECTION (a) Each registered owner or operator of an aircraft desiring to use a progressive

inspection program shall submit a written request to the Authority, and shall provide — (1) A licenced mechanic holding an inspection authorisation in accordance

with Schedule 8, an AMO appropriately rated in accordance with Schedule 6, or the manufacturer of the aircraft to supervise or conduct the progressive inspection;

(2) A current inspection procedures manual available and readily understandable to pilot and maintenance personnel containing, in detail — (i) An explanation of the progressive inspection, including the

continuity of inspection responsibility, the making of reports, and the keeping of records and technical reference material;

(ii) An inspection schedule, specifying the intervals in hours or days when routine and detailed inspections will be performed and including instructions for exceeding an inspection interval by not more than 10 hours while en route and for changing an inspection interval because of service experience;

(iii) Sample routine and detailed inspection forms and instructions for their use; and

(iv) Sample reports and records and instructions for their use; (3) Enough housing and equipment for necessary disassembly and proper

inspection of the aircraft; and (4) Appropriate current technical information for the aircraft.

Note: The frequency and detail of the progressive inspection shall provide for the complete inspection of the aircraft within each 12 calendar months and be consistent with the current manufacturer’s recommendations, field service experience, and the kind of operation in which the aircraft is engaged. The progressive inspection schedule shall ensure that the aircraft, at all times, will be airworthy and will conform to all applicable aircraft specifications, type certificate data sheets, airworthiness directives, and other approved data acceptable to the Authority. If the progressive inspection is discontinued, the owner or operator shall immediately notify the Authority, in writing, of the discontinuance. After the discontinuance, the first annual inspection under Schedule 10 is due within 12 calendar months after the last complete inspection of the aircraft under the progressive inspection. The 100-hour inspection under this Subpart is due within 100 hours after that complete inspection. A complete inspection of the aircraft, for the purpose of determining when the annual and 100- hour inspections are due, requires a detailed inspection of the aircraft and all its components in accordance with the progressive inspection. A routine inspection of the aircraft and a detailed inspection of several components is not considered to be a complete inspection.

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(b) The registered owner or operator of each large aeroplane, turbojet multi- engine aeroplane, turbo propeller-powered multi-engine aeroplane, and turbine-powered rotorcraft shall select, identify in the aircraft maintenance records, and use one of the following programs for the inspection of the aircraft — (1) A current inspection program recommended by the manufacturer; (2) A continuous maintenance program that is part of a continuous

maintenance program for that make and model of aircraft currently approved by the Authority for use by an AOC holder; or

(3) Any other inspection program established by the registered owner or operator of that aircraft and approved by the Authority.

(c) Each owner/operator shall include in the selected program the name and address of the person responsible for the scheduling of the inspections required by the program and provide a copy of the program to the person performing inspection on the aircraft.

(d) No aircraft shall be approved for return to service unless the replacement times for life-limited parts specified in the aircraft specification-type data sheets are complied with and the aeroplane, including airframe, engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, and survival and emergency equipment, is inspected in accordance with an inspection program selected.

(e) Each person wishing to establish or change an approved inspection program shall submit the program for approval by the Authority and shall include in writing — (1) Instructions and procedures for the conduct of inspection for the

particular make and model aircraft, including necessary tests and checks. The instructions shall set forth in detail the parts and areas of the aeronautical products, including survival and emergency equipment required to be inspected; and

(2) A schedule for the inspections that shall be performed expressed in terms of time in service, calendar time, number of system operations or any combination of these.

(f) When an operator changes from one inspection program to another, the operator shall apply the time in service, calendar times, or cycles of operation accumulated under the previous program, in determining time the inspection is due under the new program.

5.115 CHANGES TO AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS (a) Whenever the Authority finds that revisions to an approved inspection

program are necessary for the continued adequacy of the program, the owner or operator shall, after notification by the Authority, make any changes in the program found to be necessary.

(b) The owner or operator may petition the Authority to reconsider the notice, within 30 days after receiving that notice.

(c) Except in the case of an emergency requiring immediate action in the interest of safety, the filing of the petition stays the notice pending a decision by the Authority.

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SUBPART E PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

5.135 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes performance standards governing the maintenance

and inspection of any aircraft having a Airworthiness Certificate issued by the Bahamas or associated aeronautical products.

5.140 PERSONS AUTHORISED TO PERFORM MAINTENANCE, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, AND MODIFICATIONS

(a) The persons authorised to perform maintenance subject to this Subpart include — (1) A pilot licenced by the Authority; (2) A person performing maintenance under the supervision of an aviation

maintenance technician; (3) An aviation maintenance technician; (4) An AOC holder approved to perform maintenance under an equivalent

system; and (5) An AMO.

(b) This Subpart outlines the privileges and limitations of these entities with respect to the extent and type of work they may perform regarding — (1) Maintenance; (2) Preventive Maintenance; (3) Modification; (4) Inspection; and (5) Approvals for return to service.

5.145 PERSONS AUTHORISED TO PERFORM MAINTENANCE (a) No person may perform any task defined as maintenance on an aircraft or

aeronautical products, except as provided in the following — (1) A pilot licenced by the Authority may perform preventive maintenance

on any aircraft owned or operated by that pilot so long as the aircraft is not listed for use by an AOC holder.

(2) A person working under the supervision of a aviation maintenance technician, may perform the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and modifications that the supervisory aviation maintenance technician is authorised to perform — (i) If the supervisor personally observes the work being done to the

extent necessary to ensure that it is being done properly, and (ii) If the supervisor is readily available, in person, for consultation.

(3) A licenced aviation maintenance technician may perform or supervise the maintenance or modification of an aircraft or aeronautical product for which he or she is rated subject to the limitation of this Schedule.

(4) An AMO may perform aircraft maintenance within the limits specified by the Authority.

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(5) The AOC holder may perform aircraft maintenance as specified by the Authority.

(6) A manufacturer holding an AMO may — (i) Rebuild or alter any aeronautical product manufactured by that

manufacturer under a type or production certificate; (ii) Rebuild or alter any aeronautical product manufactured by that

manufacturer under a TSO Authorisation, a Parts Manufacturer Approval by the State of Design, or Product and Process Specification issued by the State of Design; and

(iii) Perform any inspection required by this Schedule on aircraft it manufacturers, while currently operating under a production certificate or under a currently approved production inspection system for such aircraft.

5.150 AUTHORISED PERSONNEL TO APPROVE FOR RETURN TO SERVICE

(a) No person or entity, other than the Authority, may approve an aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part for return to service after it has undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or modification, except as provided in the following: (1) A pilot licenced by the Authority may return his or her aircraft to service

after performing authorised preventive maintenance. (2) A licenced aviation maintenance technician may approve aircraft and

aeronautical products for return to service after he or she has performed, supervised, or inspected its maintenance subject to the limitations of this Schedule.

(3) An AMO may approve aircraft and aeronautical products for return to service as provided in the specifications approved by the Authority.

(4) An AOC holder may approve aircraft and aeronautical products for return to service as specified by the Authority.

5.155 PERSONS AUTHORISED TO PERFORM INSPECTIONS (a) No person, other than the Authority, may perform the inspections required in

this Schedule for aircraft and aeronautical products prior to or after it has undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or modification, except as provided in the following: (1) An aviation maintenance technician may conduct the required inspections

of aircraft and aeronautical products for which he or she is rated and current.

(2) An AMO may perform the required inspections of aircraft and aeronautical products as provided in the specifications approved by the Authority.

(3) An AOC holder may perform the required inspections of aircraft and aeronautical products in accordance with specifications issued by the Authority.

5.160 PERFORMANCE RULES: MAINTENANCE (a) Each person performing maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification

on an aeronautical product shall use the methods, techniques, and practices prescribed in —

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(1) The current manufacturer’s maintenance manual or instructions for Continued Airworthiness prepared by its manufacturer; and

(2) Additional methods, techniques and practices required by the Authority; or methods, techniques and practices designated by the Authority where the manufacturer’s documents were not available.

(b) Each person shall use the tools, equipment, and test apparatus necessary to assure completion of the work in accordance with accepted industry practices. If the manufacturer involved recommends special equipment or test apparatus, the person performing maintenance shall use that equipment or apparatus or its equivalent acceptable to the Authority.

(c) Each person performing maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification on an aeronautical product shall do that work in such a manner, and use materials of such a quality, that the condition of the aeronautical product worked on will be at least equal to its original or properly altered condition with regard to aerodynamic function, structural strength, resistance to vibration and deterioration, and other qualities affecting airworthiness.

(d) The methods, techniques, and practices contained in an AOC holder’s maintenance control manual and continuous maintenance program, as approved by the Authority, will constitute an acceptable means of compliance with the requirements of this subsection.

(e) Each person performing a major modification or repair defined in this Schedule will use data approved by the Authority — (1) The approved data used must be referenced on the form or log entry

used to approved the modification or repair for return to service. (2) Acceptable “approved data” is data specifically approved by the following

for the modification or repair — (i) The Authority;

(ii) The State of Manufacture; (iii) A Designee authorized by the State of Manufacture for that type

modification or repair; (iv) The State of Design; or (v) A Designee authorized by the State of Design for that type

modification or repair. 5.165 PERFORMANCE RULES: INSPECTIONS (a) General. Each person performing an inspection required by the Authority

shall — (1) Perform the inspection so as to determine whether the aircraft, or portion(s)

thereof under inspection, meets all applicable airworthiness requirements; and

(2) If there is an inspection program required or accepted for the specific aircraft being inspected, perform the inspection in accordance with the instructions and procedures set forth in the inspection program.

(b) Rotorcraft. Each person performing an inspection required on a rotorcraft shall inspect the following systems in accordance with the maintenance manual or Instructions for Continued Airworthiness of the manufacturer concerned —

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(1) The drive shafts or similar systems; (2) The main rotor transmission gear box for obvious defects; (3) The main rotor and centre section (or the equivalent area); and (4) The auxiliary rotor on helicopters.

(c) Annual and 100-hour inspections. (1) Each person performing an annual or 100-hour inspection shall use a

checklist while performing the inspection. The checklist may be of the person’s own design, one provided by the manufacturer of the equipment being inspected, or one obtained from another source. This checklist shall include the scope and detail of the items prescribed by the Authority. Appendix 1 to 5.165 lists the components to be included in an annual or 100-hour inspection.

(2) Each person approving a reciprocating-engine-powered aircraft for return to service after an annual or 100-hour inspection shall, before that approval, run the aircraft engine or engines to determine satisfactory performance in accordance with the current manufacturer’s recommendations of —

(i) Power output (static and idle rpm); (ii) Magnetos;

(iii) Fuel and oil pressure; and (iv) Cylinder and oil temperature.

(3) Each person approving a turbine-engine-powered aircraft for return to service after an annual or 100-hour inspection shall, before that approval, run the aircraft engine or engines to determine satisfactory performance in accordance with the current manufacturer’s recommendations.

5.170 PERFORMANCE RULES: AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS (a) Each person performing an inspection or other maintenance specified in an

airworthiness limitations section of a current manufacturer’s maintenance manual, or Instructions for Continued Airworthiness, shall perform the inspection or other maintenance in accordance with that section, or in accordance with specifications approved by the Authority.

SUBPART F MAINTENANCE RECORDS AND ENTRIES

5.200 OWNER MAINTENANCE RECORDS (a) The owner/operator of an aircraft shall keep a maintenance record of —

(1) The entire aircraft to include — (i) Total time in service (hours, calendar time and cycles, as

appropriate) of the aircraft and all life limited parts; (ii) Current inspection status of the aircraft, including the time since

required or approved inspections were last performed; (iii) Current empty mass and the location of the centre of gravity when

empty;

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(iv) Addition or removal of equipment; (v) Type and extent of maintenance and alteration, including the time in

service and date; (vi) When work was performed; and (vii) A chronological list of compliance with Airworthiness Directives,

including methods of compliance. (2) Life limited products —

(i) Total time in service; (ii) Date of the last overhaul; (iii) Time in service since the last overhaul; and (iv) Date of the last inspection.

(3) Instruments and equipment, the serviceability and operating life of which are determined by their time in service — (i) Records of the time in service as are necessary to determine their

serviceability or to compute their operating life; and (ii) Date of last inspection.

5.205 OWNER MAINTENANCE RECORDS RETENTION (a) Except for records maintained by an AOC holder, each registered owner or

operator shall retain the following records until the work is repeated or superseded by other work of equivalent scope and detail, or for one year after the work is performed — (1) Records of the maintenance, preventive maintenance, minor modifications,

and records of the 100-hour, annual, and other required or approved inspections, as appropriate, for each aircraft (including the airframe) and each engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance of an aircraft to include — (i) A description (or reference to data acceptable to the Authority)

of the work performed; (ii) The date of completion of the work performed; and (iii) The signature and certificate number of the person approving the

aircraft for return to service. (2) Records containing the following information —

(i) The total time-in-service of the airframe, each engine, each propeller, and each rotor;

(ii) The current status of all life-limited aeronautical products; (iii) The time since last overhaul of all items installed on the aircraft

which are required to be overhauled on a specified time basis; (iv) The current inspection status of the aircraft, including the time since

the last inspection required by the inspection program under which the aircraft and its appliances are maintained;

(v) The current status of applicable Airworthiness Directives including, for each, the method of compliance, the Airworthiness Directive number, and revision date. If the Airworthiness Directive involves recurring action, the time and date when the next action is required.

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(vi) Copies of the forms prescribed by this chapter for each major modification to the airframe and currently installed engines, rotors, propellers, and appliances.

(b) The records specified in paragraph (a) of this section shall be retained and transferred with the aircraft at the time the aircraft is sold or leased.

(c) A list of defects shall be retained until the defects are repaired and the aircraft is approved for return to service.

(d) The owner or operator shall make all maintenance records required by this subsection available for inspection by the Authority.

5.210 TRANSFER OF MAINTENANCE RECORDS BY OWNER (a) Any owner or operator who sells or leases a Bahamian registered aircraft shall

transfer to the purchaser/lessor, at the time of sale or lease, the records identified in this Subpart for that aircraft, in plain language form or in coded form at the election of the purchaser/lessor if the coded form provides for the preservation and retrieval of information in a manner acceptable to the Authority.

5.215 MAINTENANCE AND MODIFICATION RECORD ENTRIES (a) Each person who maintains, performs preventive maintenance, rebuilds, or

modifies an aircraft or aeronautical product shall, when the work is performed satisfactorily, make an entry in the maintenance record of that equipment as follows — (1) A description (or reference to data acceptable to the Authority) of work

performed; (2) Completion date of the work performed; (3) Name, signature, certificate number, and kind of licence held by the person

approving the work. Note: The signature constitutes the approval for return to service only for the work performed.

(b) The person performing the work shall enter records of major repairs and major modifications, and dispose of that form in the manner prescribed by the Authority. Appendix 1 to 5.215 provides the maintenance form requirements and a sample major repair and modification form.

(c) A person working under supervision of an aviation maintenance technician may not perform any inspection required in this Schedule or any inspection performed after a major repair or modification.

5.220 ENTRIES REQUIRED FOLLOWING OVERHAUL AND REBUILDING (a) No person may describe in any required maintenance entry or form, an

aeronautical product as being overhauled unless — (1) It has been disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted, repaired as

necessary, and reassembled using methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the Authority; and

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(2) It has been tested in accordance with approved standards and technical data, or in accordance with current standards and technical data acceptable to the Authority, which have been developed and documented by the holder of the type certificate, supplemental type certificate, or a material, part, process, or appliance manufacturing approval.

(b) No person may describe in any required maintenance entry or form an aircraft or other aeronautical product as being rebuilt unless it has been disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted, repaired as necessary, reassembled, and tested to the same tolerances and limits as a new item, using either new parts or used parts that conform to new part tolerances and limits.

5.225 ENTRIES FOR APPROVAL FOR RETURN TO SERVICE (a) No person may approve for return to service or execute a maintenance release

for any aeronautical product that has undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or modification unless — (1) The appropriate maintenance record entry has been made; (2) The repair or modification form authorised by or furnished by the

Authority has been executed in a manner prescribed by the Authority; (3) If a repair or modification results in any change in the aircraft operating

limitations or flight data contained in the approved aircraft flight manual, those operating limitations or flight data are appropriately revised and set forth as prescribed. Appendix 1 to 5.215 provides the repair or modification requirements and form.

5.230 CONTENT AND FORM FOR ENTRIES FOLLOWING INSPECTION (a) Maintenance record entries. The person approving or disapproving the return to

service of an aeronautical product after any inspection performed in accordance with this Schedule, shall make an entry in the maintenance record of that equipment containing the following information — (1) Type of inspection and a brief description of the extent of the inspection; (2) Date of the inspection and aircraft total time in service; (3) Signature, the licence number, and kind of licence held by the person

approving or disapproving for return to service the aeronautical product; (4) If the aircraft is found to be airworthy and approved for return to service, the

following or a similarly worded statement — “I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and was determined to be in airworthy condition”;

(5) If the aircraft is not approved for return to service because of needed maintenance, non-compliance with the applicable specifications, airworthiness directives, or other approved data, the following or a similarly worded statement — “I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and a list of discrepancies and unairworthy items dated (date) has been provided for the aircraft owner or operator”; and

(6) If an inspection is conducted under an inspection program provided for in this Schedule, the person performing the inspection shall make an entry identifying the inspection program accomplished, and containing a statement that the inspection was performed in accordance with the inspections and procedures for that particular program.

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(b) Listing of discrepancies. The person performing any inspection required in this Schedule who finds that the aircraft is not airworthy or does not meet the applicable type certificate data sheet, airworthiness directives or other approved data upon which its airworthiness depends, shall give the owner/operator a signed and dated list of those discrepancies.

SUBPART G MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL LIMITATIONS, PRIVILEGES AND

RECENCY 5.250 REST AND DUTY LIMITATIONS FOR PERSONS PERFORMING

MAINTENANCE FUNCTIONS (a) No person may assign, nor shall any person perform maintenance functions

for aircraft, unless that person has had a minimum rest period of 8 hours prior to the beginning of duty.

(b) No person may schedule a person performing maintenance functions for aircraft for more than 12 consecutive hours of duty.

(c) In situations involving unscheduled aircraft unserviceability, persons performing maintenance functions for aircraft may be continued on duty for — (4) Up to 16 consecutive hours; or (5) 20 hours in 24 consecutive hours.

(d) Following unscheduled duty periods, the person performing maintenance functions for aircraft shall have a mandatory rest period of 10 hours.

(e) An AMO or AOC holder shall relieve the person performing maintenance functions from all duties for 24 consecutive hours during any 7 consecutive day period.

5.255 AMT PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS (a) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this subsection, a licenced AMT

may perform or supervise the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification of, or after inspection, approve for return to service, any aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component, or part thereof, for which he or she is rated, provided the licenced AMT has — (1) Satisfactorily performed the work at an earlier date; (2) Demonstrated the ability to perform the work to the satisfaction of the

Authority; (3) Received training acceptable to the Authority on the tasks to be performed;

or (4) Performed the work while working under the direct supervision of a licenced

AMT or a licenced aviation repair specialist (ARS) who is appropriately rated and has —

(i) Had previous experience in the specific operation concerned; or (ii) Received training acceptable to the Authority on the task to be

performed.

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(b) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this subsection, a licenced AMT with an airframe rating may after he/she has performed the 100-hour inspection required by this Schedule on an airframe, or any related part or appliance, and approve and return it to service.

(c) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this subsection, a licenced AMT with a powerplant rating may perform the 100-hour inspection required by this Schedule on a powerplant or propeller or any related part or appliance, and approve and return it to service.

(d) An AMT with an airframe and/or powerplant rating may not — (1) Supervise the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification of,

or approve and return to service, any aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component, or part thereof, for which he/she is rated unless he/she has satisfactory performed the work concerned at an earlier date.

(2) Perform or supervise (unless under the direct supervision and control of an AOC holder that is authorised to perform maintenance, preventative maintenance, or modifications under an equivalent system in accordance with Schedule 12: (i) A major repair or major modification of a propeller; or

(ii) Any repair or alteration of instruments; (3) Approve for return to service —

(i) Any aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component, or part thereof after completion of a major alteration or major repair; or

(ii) Any instrument after completion of any repair or alteration; (4) Exercise the privileges of the licence unless the licenced AMT understands

the current instructions for continued airworthiness and the maintenance instructions for the specific operation concerned.

5.260 AMT RECENT EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS (a) A licenced AMT may not exercise the privileges of his/her licence or rating

unless, within the preceding 24 months — (1) The Authority has found that he/she is able to do that work; or (2) For at least 6 months within the preceding 24 months —

(i) Served as an AMT under his/her licence and rating; (ii) Technically supervised other AMTs; (iii) Provided aviation maintenance instruction or served as the direct

supervisor of persons providing aviation maintenance instruction for an AMT course or program acceptable to the Authority;

(iv) Supervised the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration of any aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component, or part thereof; or

(v) Been engaged in any combination of paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (a)(1)(iv) of this subsection.

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5.265 INSPECTION AUTHORISATION PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS

(a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this subsection, the holder of an Inspection Authorisation (IA) may: (1) Inspect and approve for return to service any aircraft, airframe, aircraft

engine, propeller appliance, component, or part thereof after completion of a major repair or major alteration performed in accordance with this Schedule and done in accordance with technical data approved by the Authority.

(2) Perform an annual inspection, or perform or supervise a progressive inspection, according to this Schedule on any aircraft, except those aircraft on a continuous maintenance program, and approve the aircraft for return to service.

(b) The holder of an IA with a current and valid AMT licence may not inspect and approve for return to service any aircraft over 5,700 kg maximum take-off weight or any airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component, or part thereof which is subject to a maintenance program under this Schedule or Schedule 12.

(c) The holder of an IA with a current and valid AMT licence may not inspect and approve for return to service any aircraft maintained in accordance with a continuous maintenance program approved under this Schedule or Schedule 12.

(d) When exercising the privileges of an IA, the holder shall keep it available for inspection by the aircraft owner and the AMT submitting the aircraft, repair, or alteration for approval (if any), and shall present it at the request of the Authority or an authorised representative of the Director General, or at the request of any Federal, State, or local law enforcement officer.

(e) If the holder of an Inspection Authorisation changes his or her fixed base of operation, the holder may not exercise the privileges of the authorisation until he or she has notified the Authority in writing of the change.

(f) No person may exercise any privilege of an Inspection Authorisation whenever that person no longer — (1) Has a fixed base of operation; (2) Has the equipment, facilities, or inspection data required by Schedule 6; or (3) Holds a current and valid AMT licence.

5.270 AVIATION REPAIR SPECIALIST LICENCES: PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS

(a) An aviation repair specialist may perform or supervise the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration of aircraft, airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, components, and parts appropriate to the designated speciality area for which the aviation repair specialist is licenced and rated, but only in connection with employment by an AMO approved under Schedule 6 or an AOC holder that is authorised to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications under an equivalent system in accordance with Schedule 12.

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(b) An aviation repair specialist may not perform or supervise duties unless the aviation repair specialist understands the current instructions of the employing certificate holder and the instructions for continued airworthiness, which relate to the specific operations concerned.

APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 TO 5.005

MAJOR MODIFICATIONS (DEFINITION) (a) Airframe Major Modifications. Major modifications include modifications to

the listed aircraft parts, or the listed types of modifications (when not included in the applicable aircraft specifications) — (1) Wings. (2) Tail surfaces. (3) Fuselage. (4) Engine mounts. (5) Control system. (6) Landing gear. (7) Hull or floats. (8) Elements of an airframe including spars, ribs, fittings, shock absorbers,

bracing, cowlings, fairings, and balance weights. (9) Hydraulic and electrical actuating system of components. (10) Rotor blades. (11) Changes to the empty weight or empty balance which result in an increase

in the maximum Certified weight or centre of gravity limits of the aircraft. (12) Changes to the basic design of the fuel, oil, cooling, heating, cabin

pressurisation, electrical, hydraulic, de-icing, or exhaust systems. (13) Changes to the wing or to fixed or movable control surfaces which affect

flutter and vibration characteristics. (b) Powerplant Major Modifications. Major powerplant modifications, even when

not listed in the applicable engine specifications, include — (1) Conversion of an aircraft engine from one approved model to another,

involving any changes in compression ratio, propeller reduction gear, impeller gear ratios or the substitution of major engine parts which requires extensive rework and testing of the engine.

(2) Changes to the engine by replacing aircraft engine structural parts with parts not supplied by the original manufacturer or parts not specifically approved by the Authority.

(3) Installation of an accessory which is not approved for the engine. (4) Removal of accessories that are listed as required equipment on the

aircraft or engine specification.

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(5) Installation of structural parts other than the type of parts approved for the installation.

(6) Conversions of any sort for the purpose of using fuel of a rating or grace other than that listed in the engine specifications.

(c) Propeller Major Modifications. Major propeller modifications, when not authorised in the applicable propeller specifications, include — (1) Changes in blade design. (2) Changes in hub design. (3) Changes in the governor or control design. (4) Installation of a propeller governor or feathering system. (5) Installation of propeller de-icing system. (6) Installation of parts not approved for the propeller.

(d) Appliance Major Modifications. Modifications of the basic design not made in accordance with recommendations of the appliance manufacturer or in accordance with applicable Airworthiness Directive are appliance major modifications. In addition, changes in the basic design of radio communication and navigation equipment approved under type certification or other authorisation that have an effect on frequency stability, noise level, sensitivity, selectivity, distortion, spurious radiation, AVC characteristics, or ability to meet environmental test conditions and other changes that have an effect on the performance of the equipment are also major modifications.

APPENDIX 2 TO 5.005 MAJOR REPAIRS (DEFINITION)

(a) Airframe Major Repairs. Repairs to the following parts of an airframe and repairs of the following types, involving the strengthening, reinforcing, splicing, and manufacturing of primary structural members of their replacement, when replacement is by fabrication such as riveting or welding, are airframe major repairs: (1) Box beams. (2) Monocoque or semimonocoque wings or control surfaces. (3) Wing stringers or chord members. (4) Spars. (5) Spar flanges. (6) Members of truss-type beams. (7) Thin sheet webs of beams. (8) Keel and chine members of boat hulls or floats. (9) Corrugated sheet compression members which act as flange material of

wings or tail surfaces. (10) Wing main ribs and compression members. (11) Wing or tail surface brace struts. (12) Engine mounts.

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(13) Fuselage longerons. (14) Members of the side truss, horizontal truss, or bulkheads. (15) Main seat support braces and brackets. (16) Landing gear brace struts. (17) Axles. (18) Wheels. (19) Parts of the control system such as control columns, pedals, shafts,

brackets, or horns. (20) Repairs involving the substitution of material. (21) The repair of damaged areas in metal or plywood stressed covering

exceeding six inches in any direction. (22) The repair of portions of skin sheets by making additional seams. (23) The splicing of skin sheets. (24) The repair of three or more adjacent wing or control surface ribs or the

leading edge of wings and control surfaces, between such adjacent ribs. (25) Repair of fabric covering involving an area greater than that required to

repair two adjacent ribs. (26) Replacement of fabric on fabric covered parts such as wings, fuselages,

stabilisers, and control surfaces. (27) Repairing, including rebottoming, of removable or integral fuel tanks and

oil tanks. (b) Powerplant Major Repairs. Repairs of the following parts of an engine and

repairs of the following types, are powerplant major repairs — (1) Separation or disassembly of a crankcase or crankshaft of a reciprocating

engine equipped with an integral supercharger. (2) Separation or disassembly of a crankcase or crankshaft of a reciprocating

engine equipped with other than spur-type propeller reduction gearing. (3) Special repairs to structural engine parts by welding, plating, metalising, or

other methods. (c) Propeller Major Repairs. Repairs of the following types to a propeller are

propeller major repairs — (1) Any repairs to or straightening of steel blades. (2) Repairing or machining of steel hubs. (3) Shortening of blades. (4) Retipping of wood propellers. (5) Replacement of outer laminations on fixed pitch wood propellers. (6) Repairing elongated bolt holes in the hub of fixed pitch wood propellers. (7) Inlay work on wood blades. (8) Repairs to composition blades. (9) Replacement of tip fabric. (10) Replacement of plastic covering.

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(11) Repair of propeller governors. (12) Overhaul of controllable pitch propellers. (13) Repairs to deep dents, cuts, scars, nicks, etc., and straightening of

aluminium blades. (14) The repair or replacement of internal elements of blades.

(d) Appliance Major Repairs. Repairs of the following types to appliances are appliance major repairs — (1) Calibration and repair of instruments. (2) Calibration of avionics or computer equipment. (3) Rewinding the field coil of an electrical accessory. (4) Complete disassembly of complex hydraulic power valves. (5) Overhaul of pressure type carburettors, and pressure type fuel, oil, and

hydraulic pumps. APPENDIX 3 TO 5.005

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (DEFINITION) (a) Preventive Maintenance. Preventive maintenance is limited to the following

work, provided it does not involve complex assembly operations: (1) Removal, installation and repair of landing gear tires. (2) Replacing elastic shock absorber cords on landing gear. (3) Servicing landing gear shock struts by adding oil, air, or both. (4) Servicing landing gear wheel bearings, such as cleaning and greasing. (5) Replacing defective safety wiring or cotter keys. (6) Lubrication not requiring disassembly other than removal of non-

structural items such as cover plates, cowlings, and fairings. (7) Making simple fabric patches not requiring rib stitching or the

removal of structural parts or control surfaces. (8) Replenishing hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic reservoir. (9) Refinishing decorative coating of fuselage, wings, tail group surfaces

(excluding balanced control surfaces), fairings, cowling, landing gear, cabin, or cockpit interior when removal or disassembly of any primary structure or operating system is not required.

(10) Applying preservative or protective material to components where no disassembly of any primary structure or operating system is involved and where such coating is not prohibited or is not contrary to good practices.

(11) Repairing upholstery and decorative furnishings of the cabin or cockpit when the repairing does not require disassembly of any primary structure or operating system or interfere with an operating system or affect primary structure of the aircraft.

(12) Making small simple repairs to fairings, non-structural cover plates, cowlings, and small patches and reinforcements not changing the contour so as to interfere with proper airflow.

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(13) Replacing side windows where that work does not interfere with the structure of any operating system such as controls, electrical equipment, etc.

(14) Replacing safety belts. (15) Replacing seats or seat parts with replacement parts approved for the

aircraft, not involving disassembly of any primary structure or operating system.

(16) Troubleshooting and repairing broken circuits in landing light wiring circuits.

(17) Replacing bulbs, reflectors, and lenses of position and landing lights. (18) Replacing wheels and skis where no weight and balance computation is

involved. (19) Replacing any cowling not requiring removal of the propeller or

disconnection of flight controls. (20) Replacing or cleaning spark plugs and setting of spark plug gap clearance. (21) Replacing any hose connection except hydraulic connections. (22) Replacing prefabricated fuel lines. (23) Cleaning fuel and oil strainers. (24) Replacing and servicing batteries. (25) Replacement or adjustment of non-structural fasteners incidental to

operations. (26) The installation of anti-misfueling devices to reduce the diameter of fuel

tank filler openings provided the specific device has been made a part of the aircraft type certificate data by the aircraft manufacturer, the manufacturer has provided appropriately approved instructions acceptable to the Authority for the installation of the specific device, and installation does not involve the disassembly of the existing filler opening.

APPENDIX 1 TO 5.105 ALTIMETER SYSTEM TESTS AND INSPECTIONS

(a) The Altimeter system and altitude reporting equipment tests and inspections must be conducted by — (1) The manufacturer of the airplane, or helicopter, on which the tests and

inspections are to be performed; (2) (2) A certificated repair station properly equipped to perform those

functions and holding — (i) An instrument rating, Class I;

(ii) A limited instrument rating appropriate to the make and model of appliance to be tested;

(iii) A limited rating appropriate to the test to be performed; (iv) An airframe rating appropriate to the airplane, or helicopter, to

be tested; or

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(3) A certificated mechanic with an airframe rating (static pressure system tests and inspections only).

(b) Altimeter and altitude reporting equipment approved under Technical Standard Orders are considered to be tested and inspected as of the date of their manufacture.

(c) Each person performing the altimeter system tests and inspections required by schedule 10 shall comply with the following: I. Static pressure system: (1) Ensure freedom from entrapped moisture and restrictions. (2) Determine that leakage is within the tolerances established in the aircraft

certification rule. (3) Determine that the static port heater, if installed, is operative. (4) Ensure that no alterations or deformations of the airframe surface have

been made that would affect the relationship between air pressure in the static pressure system and true ambient static air pressure for any flight condition.

II. Altimeter: (5) Test by an appropriately rated repair facility in accordance with the

following subparagraphs. Unless otherwise specified, each test for performance may be conducted with the instrument subjected to vibration. When tests are conducted with the temperature substantially different from ambient temperature of approximately 25 degrees C, allowance shall be made for the variation from the specified condition.

(i) Scale error. With the barometric pressure scale at 29.92 inches of mercury, the altimeter shall be subjected successively to pressures corresponding to the altitude specified in Table I up to the maximum normally expected operating altitude of the airplane in which the altimeter is to be installed. The reduction in pressure shall be made at a rate not in excess of 20,000 feet per minute to within approximately 2,000 feet of the test point. The test point shall be approached at a rate compatible with the test equipment. The altimeter shall be kept at the pressure corresponding to each test point for at least 1 minute, but not more than 10 minutes, before a reading is taken. The error at all test points must not exceed the tolerances specified in Table I.

(ii) Hysteresis. The hysteresis test shall begin not more than 15 minutes after the altimeter’s initial exposure to the pressure corresponding to the upper limit of the scale error test prescribed in subparagraph (i); and while the altimeter is at this pressure, the hysteresis test shall commence. Pressure shall be increased at a rate simulating a descent in altitude at the rate of 5,000 to 20,000 feet per minute until within 3,000 feet of the first test point (50 percent of maximum altitude). The test point shall then be approached at a rate of approximately 3,000 feet per minute. The altimeter shall be kept at this pressure for at least 5 minutes, but not more than 15 minutes, before the test reading is taken. After the reading has been taken, the pressure shall be increased further, in the same manner as before, until the pressure corresponding to the second test

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point (40 percent of maximum altitude) is reached. The altimeter shall be kept at this pressure for at least 1 minute, but not more than 10 minutes, before the test reading is taken. After the reading has been taken, the pressure shall be increased further, in the same manner as before, until atmospheric pressure is reached. The reading of the altimeter at either of the two test points shall not differ by more than the tolerance specified in Table II from the reading of the altimeter for the corresponding altitude recorded during the scale error test prescribed in paragraph (b)(i).

(iii) After effect. Not more than 5 minutes after the completion of the hysteresis test prescribed in paragraph (b)(ii), the reading of the altimeter (corrected for any change in atmospheric pressure) shall not differ from the original atmospheric pressure reading by more than the tolerance specified in Table II.

(iv) Friction. The altimeter shall be subjected to a steady rate of decrease of pressure approximating 750 feet per minute. At each altitude listed in Table III, the change in reading of the pointers after vibration shall not exceed the corresponding tolerance listed in Table III.

(v) Case leak. The leakage of the altimeter case, when the pressure within it corresponds to an altitude of 18,000 feet, shall not change the altimeter reading by more than the tolerance shown in Table II during an interval of 1 minute.

(vi) Barometric scale error. At constant atmospheric pressure, the barometric pressure scale shall be set at each of the pressures (falling within its range of adjustment) that are listed in Table IV, and shall cause the pointer to indicate the equivalent altitude difference shown in Table IV with a tolerance of 25 feet.

(6) Altimeters which are the air data computer type with associated computing systems, or which incorporate air data correction internally, may be tested in a manner and to specifications developed by the manufacturer which are acceptable to the Administrator.

III. Integration Test Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting Equipment and ATC Transponder System Integration Test. The test must be conducted by an appropriately rated person under the conditions specified in paragraph (a). Measure the automatic pressure altitude at the output of the installed ATC transponder when interrogated on Mode C at a sufficient number of test points to ensure that the altitude reporting equipment, altimeters, and ATC transponders perform their intended functions as installed in the aircraft. The difference between the automatic reporting output and the altitude displayed at the altimeter shall not exceed 125 feet. IV. Records Comply with the provisions of Schedule 5 as to content, form, and disposition of the records. The person performing the altimeter tests shall record on the altimeter the date and maximum altitude to which the altimeter has been tested and the persons approving the airplane for return to service shall enter that data in the airplane log or other permanent record.

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TABLE I TO APPENDIX 1 TO 5.105

Altitude Equivalent pressure Tolerance ±(feet) –1,000 31.018 20 0 29.921 20 500 29.385 20 1,000 28.856 20 1,500 28.335 25 2,000 27.821 30 3,000 26.817 30 4,000 25.842 35 6,000 23.978 40 8,000 22.225 60 10,000 20.577 80 12,000 19.029 90 14,000 17.577 100 16,000 16.216 110 18,000 14.942 120 20,000 13.750 130 22,000 12.636 140 25,000 11.104 155 30,000 8.885 180 35,000 7.041 205 40,000 5.538 230 45,000 4.355 255 50,000 3.425 280

TABLE II TO APPENDIX 1 TO 5.105: TEST TOLERANCES

Test Tolerance (feet) Case Leak Test ±100 Hysteresis Test First Test Point (50 percent of maximum altitude) 75 Second Test Point (40 percent of maximum altitude) 75 After Effect Test 30

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TABLE III TO APPENDIX 1 TO 5.105: FRICTION

Altitude (feet) Tolerance (feet) 1,000 ±70 2,000 70 3,000 70 5,000 70 10,000 80 15,000 90 20,000 100 25,000 120 30,000 140 35,000 160 40,000 180 50,000 250

TABLE IV TO APPENDIX 1 TO 5.5105: PRESSURE/ALTITUDE DIFFERENCE

Pressure (inches of Hg) Altitude difference (feet) 28.10 -1,727 28.50 -1,340 29.00 -863 29.50 -392 29.92 0 30.50 +531 30.90 +893 30.99 +974

APPENDIX 2 TO 5.105 TRANSPONDER TESTS AND INSPECTIONS

(a) Following any installation or maintenance on an ATC transponder where data correspondence error could be introduced, the integrated system has been tested, inspected, and found to comply with paragraph (c), of Appendix 1 to 5.105.

(b) The tests and inspections specified in this section must be conducted by — (1) An Approved Maintenance Organization properly equipped to

perform those functions and holding — (i) A radio rating, Class III;

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(ii) A limited radio rating appropriate to the make and model transponder to be tested;

(iii) A limited rating appropriate to the test to be performed; or (2) A holder of a continuous airworthiness maintenance program as provided in

Schedule 12; or (3) The manufacturer of the aircraft on which the transponder to be tested is

installed, if the transponder was installed by that manufacturer. The ATC transponder tests may be conducted using a bench check or portable test equipment and must meet the requirements prescribed in paragraphs (a) through (j) of this appendix. If portable test equipment with appropriate coupling to the aircraft antenna system is used, operate the test equipment for ATCRBS transponders at a nominal rate of 235 interrogations per second to avoid possible ATCRBS interference. Operate the test equipment at a nominal rate of 50 Mode S interrogations per second for Mode S. An additional 3 dB loss is allowed to compensate for antenna coupling errors during receiver sensitivity measurements conducted in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) when using portable test equipment.

(c) Radio Reply Frequency: (1) For all classes of ATCRBS transponders, interrogate the transponder and

verify that the reply frequency is 1090 ±3 Megahertz (MHz). (2) For classes 1B, 2B, and 3B Mode S transponders, interrogate the

transponder and verify that the reply frequency is 1090 ±3 MHz. (3) For classes 1B, 2B, and 3B Mode S transponders that incorporate the

optional 1090 ±1 MHz reply frequency, interrogate the transponder and verify that the reply frequency is correct.

(4) For classes 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4 Mode S transponders, interrogate the transponder and verify that the reply frequency is 1090 ±1 MHz.

(d) Suppression: When Classes 1B and 2B ATCRBS Transponders, or Classes 1B, 2B, and 3B Mode S transponders are interrogated Mode 3/A at an interrogation rate between 230 and 1,000 interrogations per second; or when Classes 1A and 2A ATCRBS Transponders, or Classes 1B, 2A, 3A, and 4 Mode S transponders are interrogated at a rate between 230 and 1,200 Mode 3/A interrogations per second: (1) Verify that the transponder does not respond to more than 1 percent of

ATCRBS interrogations when the amplitude of P2 pulse is equal to the P1 pulse.

(2) Verify that the transponder replies to at least 90 percent of ATCRBS interrogations when the amplitude of the P2 pulse is 9 dB less than the P1 pulse. If the test is conducted with a radiated test signal, the interrogation rate shall be 235 ±5 interrogations per second unless a higher rate has been approved for the test equipment used at that location.

(e) Receiver Sensitivity: (1) Verify that for any class of ATCRBS Transponder, the receiver minimum

riggering level (MTL) of the system is -73 ±4 dbm, or that for any class of Mode S transponder the receiver MTL for Mode S format (P6 type) interrogations is -74 ±3 dbm by use of a test set either:

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(i) Connected to the antenna end of the transmission line; (ii) Connected to the antenna terminal of the transponder with a

correction for transmission line loss; or (iii) Utilized radiated signal.

(2) Verify that the difference in Mode 3/A and Mode C receiver sensitivity does not exceed 1 dB for either any class of ATCRBS transponder or any class of Mode S transponder.

(f) Radio Frequency (RF) Peak Output Power. (1) Verify that the transponder RF output power is within specifications for the

class of transponder. Use the same conditions as described in (c)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) above: (i) For Class 1A and 2A ATCRBS transponders, verify that the minimum

RF peak output power is at least 21.0 dBw (125 watts). (ii) For Class 1 B and 2B ATCRBS Transponders, verify that the

minimum RF peak output power is at least 18.5 dBw (70 watts). (iii) For Class 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4 and those Class 1B, 2B, and 3B Mode S

transponders that include the optional high RF peak output power, verify that the minimum RF peak output power is at least 21.0 dBw (125 watts).

(iv) For Classes 1B, 2B, and 3B Mode S transponders, verify that the minimum RF peak output power is at least 18.5 dBw (70 watts).

(v) For any class of ATCRBS or any class of Mode S transponders, verify that the maximum RF peak output power does not exceed 27.0 dBw (500 watts).

Note: The tests in (e) through (j) apply only to Mode S transponders. (g) Mode S Diversity Transmission Channel Isolation: For any class of Mode S

transponder that incorporates diversity operation, verify that the RF peak output power transmitted from the selected antenna exceeds the power transmitted from the nonselected antenna by at least 20 dB.

(h) Mode S Address: Interrogate the Mode S transponder and verify that it replies only to its assigned address. Use the correct address and at least two incorrect addresses. The interrogations should be made at a nominal rate of 50 interrogations per second.

(i) Mode S Formats: Interrogate the Mode S transponder with uplink formats (UF) for which it is equipped and verify that the replies are made in the correct format. Use the surveillance formats UF = 4 and 5. Verify that the altitude reported in the replies to UF = 4 are the same as that reported in a valid ATCRBS Mode C reply. Verify that the identity reported in the replies to UF = 5 are the same as that reported in a valid ATCRBS Mode 3/A reply. If the transponder is so equipped, use the communication formats UF = 20, 21, and 24.

(j) Mode S All-Call Interrogations: Interrogate the Mode S transponder with the Mode S only all-call format UF =11, and the ATCRBS/Mode S all-call formats (1.6 microsecond P4 pulse) and verify that the correct address and capability are reported in the replies (downlink format DF =11):

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(i) ATCRBS Only All-Call Interrogation: Interrogate the Mode S transponder with the ATCRBS only all-call interrogation (0.8 microsecond P4 pulse) and verify that no reply is generated.

(ii) Squitter: Verify that the Mode S transponder generates a correct squitter approximately once per second.

(iii) Records: Comply with the provisions of Schedule 5 as to content, form, and disposition of the records.

APPENDIX 3 TO 5.105 VOR RECEIVER TESTS AND INSPECTIONS

(a) Each VOR system of radio navigation used in IFR operations must be: (1) Maintained, checked, and inspected under an approved procedure; or (2) Has been operationally checked within the preceding 30 days, and was

found to be within the limits of the permissible indicated bearing error set forth in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each person conducting a VOR check under paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall — (1) Use, at the airport of intended departure, an approved test signal or a

test signal radiated by a certificated and appropriately rated radio approved maintenance organization or, outside the Bahamas a test signal operated or approved by an appropriate authority to check the VOR equipment (the maximum permissible indicated bearing error is ±4°); or

(2) Use, at the airport of intended departure, a point on the airport surface designated as a VOR system checkpoint by the Authority, or, outside the Bahamas, by an appropriate authority (the maximum permissible bearing error is ±4°);

(3) If neither a test signal nor a designated checkpoint on the surface is available, use an airborne checkpoint designated by the Authority or, outside the Bahamas, by an appropriate authority (the maximum permissible bearing error is ±6°); or

(4) If no check signal or point is available, while in flight — (i) Select a VOR radial that lies along the centerline of an

established VOR airway; (ii) Select a prominent ground point along the selected radial

preferably more than 20 nautical miles from the VOR ground facility and manoeuvre the aircraft directly over the point at a reasonably low attitude; and

(iii) Note the VOR bearing indicated by the receiver when over the ground point (the maximum permissible variation between the published radial and the indicated bearing is 6°).

(c) If dual system VOR (units independent of each other except for the antenna) is installed in the aircraft, the person checking the equipment may check one system against the other in place of the check procedures specified in paragraph

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(b) of this section. Both systems shall be tuned to the same VOR ground facility and note the indicated bearings to that station. The maximum permissible variation between the two indicated bearings is 4°.

(d) Each person making the VOR operational check, as specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, shall enter the date, place, bearing error, and sign the aircraft log or other record. In addition, if a test signal radiated by an approved maintenance organization, as specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, is used, an entry must be made in the aircraft log or other record by the organization’s representative certifying to the bearing transmitted by the approved maintenance organization for the check and the date of transmission.

APPENDIX 1 TO 5.165 PERFORMANCE RULES: 100-HOUR INSPECTIONS

(a) Each person performing an annual or 100-hour inspection shall, before that inspection, thoroughly clean the aircraft and aircraft engine and remove or open all necessary inspection plates, access doors, fairings, and cowlings.

(b) Each person performing an annual or 100-hour inspection shall inspect, where applicable, the following components — (1) Fuselage and hull group —

(i) Fabric and skin — for deterioration, distortion, other evidence of failure, and defective or insecure attachment of fittings.

(ii) Systems and components — for improper installation, apparent defects, and unsatisfactory operation.

(iii) The cabin and cockpit group. (iv) Generally — for uncleanness and loose equipment that might foul

the controls. (v) Seats and safety belts — for poor condition and apparent defects. (vi) Windows and windshields — for deterioration and breakage.

(vii) Instruments — for poor condition, mounting, marking, and (where practicable) for improper operation.

(viii) Flight and engine controls — for improper installation and improper operation.

(ix) Batteries — for improper installation and improper charge. (x) All systems — for improper installation, poor general condition,

apparent and obvious defects, and insecurity of attachment. (2) Engine and nacelle group —

(i) Engine section — for visual evidence of excessive oil, fuel, or hydraulic leaks, and sources of such leaks.

(ii) Studs and nuts — for improper torquing and obvious defects. (iii) Internal engine — for cylinder compression and for metal particles

or foreign matter on screens and sump drain plugs. If there is weak cylinder compression, for improper internal condition and improper internal tolerances.

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(iv) Engine mount — for cracks, looseness of mounting, and looseness of engine to mount.

(v) Flexible vibration dampeners — for poor condition and deterioration. (vi) Engine controls — for defects, improper travel, and improper

safetying. (vii) Lines, hoses, and clamps — for leaks, improper condition, and

looseness. (viii) Exhaust stacks — for cracks, defects, and improper attachment.

(ix) Accessories — for apparent defects in security of mounting. (x) All systems — for improper installation, poor general condition,

defects, and insecure attachment. (xi) Cowling — for cracks and defects.

(3) Landing gear group — (i) All units — for poor condition and insecurity of attachment.

(ii) Shock absorbing devices — for improper oleo fluid level. (iii) Linkage, trusses, and members — for undue or excessive wear, fatigue,

and distortion. (iv) Retracting and locking mechanism — for improper operation. (v) Hydraulic lines — for leakage.

(vi) Electrical system — for chafing and improper operation of switches. (vii) Wheels — for cracks, defects, and condition of bearings. (viii) Tires — for wear and cuts.

(ix) Brakes — for improper adjustment. (x) Floats and skis — for insecure attachment and obvious or apparent

defects. (4) Wing and centre section assembly for —

(i) Poor general condition. (ii) Fabric or skin deterioration.

(iii) Distortion. (iv) Evidence of failure. and (v) Insecurity of attachment.

(5) Complete empennage assembly for — (i) Poor general condition;

(ii) Fabric or skin deterioration; (iii) Distortion; (iv) Evidence of failure; (v) Insecure attachment;

(vi) Improper component installation; and (vii) Improper component operation.

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(6) Propeller group — (i) Propeller assembly — for cracks, nicks, binds, and oil leakage.

(ii) Bolts — for improper torquing and lack of safety. (iii) Anti-icing devices — for improper operations and obvious defects.

and (iv) Control mechanisms — for improper operation, insecure mounting,

and restricted travel. (7) Avionics/instrument group —

(i) Avionics/instruments equipment — for improper installation and insecure mounting.

(ii) Wiring and conduits — for improper routing, insecure mounting, and obvious defects.

(iii) Bonding and shielding — for improper installation and poor condition. (iv) Antenna including trailing antenna — for poor condition, insecure

mounting, and improper operation. (8) Electronic/electrical group —

(i) Wiring and conduits — for improper routing, insecure mounting, and obvious defects.

(ii) Bonding and shielding — for improper installation and poor condition. (9) Each installed miscellaneous item that is not otherwise covered by this

listing and/or has instructions for continued airworthiness — for improper installation and improper operation.

APPENDIX 1 TO 5.215 RECORDING OF MAJOR REPAIRS AND MAJOR

MODIFICATIONS (a) Each person performing a major repair or major modification shall —

(1) Execute the DCA MR-MR&M Form prescribed by the Authority at least in duplicate that references the approved data used; Note: See sample form on page 31.

(2) Give a signed copy of that form to the aircraft owner/operator; and (3) Forward a copy of that form to the Authority, in accordance with

Authority instructions, within 48 hours after the aeronautical product is approved for return to service.

(b) In place of the requirements of paragraph (a), major repairs made in accordance with a manual or specifications acceptable to the Authority, an AMO may — (1) Use the customer’s work order upon which the repair is recorded; (2) Give the aircraft owner a signed copy of the work order and retain a

duplicate copy for at least one year from the date of approval for return to service of the aeronautical product;

(3) Give the aircraft owner a maintenance release signed by an authorised representative of the AMO and incorporating the following information — (i) Identity of the aeronautical product;

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(ii) If an aircraft, the make, model, serial number, nationality and registration marks, and location of the repaired area;

(iii) If an aeronautical product, give the manufacturer’s name, name of the part, model, and serial numbers (if any); and

(4) Include the following or a similarly worded statement — The aeronautical product identified above was repaired, overhauled and inspected in accordance with currently effective, applicable instructions of the State of Design and regulatory requirements of the Authority, and is approved for return to service.

Pertinent details of the repair are on file at this maintenance organization.

Order No.................................................... Date ..................................................

Signed................................................................................................................... (Signature of authorised representative)

.............................................................................................................................. (Facility Name) (AMO Certificate Number)

............................................................................................................................... (Address)

...............................................................................................................................

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c) The following sample form may be used to record major alterations and repairs. The Bahamas For CAA Use Only

MAJOR REPAIR AND MODIFICATION (Airframe, Powerplant, Propeller, or Appliance)

Office Identification INSTRUCTIONS: Print or all entries. See Schedule 5 for instructions and disposition of this form.

Make Model

1. Aircraft Serial Number Nationality and Registration Mark

2. Owner

Name (As shown on registration certificate) Address (As shown on registration Certificate

3. For Authority Use Only

5. Unit Identification 5. Type Unit Make Model Serial Number Repair Modification

Airframe ---------------(As described in item 1 above)--------------- Powerplant Propeller

Type Appliance

Manufacture 6. Conformity Statement

A. Organization Name and Address B. Kind of Licence/Organization C. Certificate/Licence Number  Licenced (AMT) A  P or  A/P  Approved Maintenance Organization  Manufacturer

(For an AMO include the appropriate ratings issued for the major repair or modification)

D. I certify that the repair and/or modification made to the units) identified in item 4 above and described on the reverse or attachments hereto have been made in accordance with the requirements of Schedule 5 of the BASRs and that the information furnished herein is true and correct to the best of my knowledge.

Date Signature of Authorised Individual

7. Approval for Return To Service Pursuant to the authority given persons specified below, the unit(s) identified in item 4 was inspected in the manner prescribed by the Director of the Civil Aviation Authority and  is APPROVED  REJECTED

 CAA Inspector  Inspection Autorisation By

 Maintenance Organization  Other Other (Specify)

Date of Approval or Rejection Certificate or Designation Number

Signature of Authorised Individual

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NOTICE Weight and balance or operating limitation changes shall be entered in the appropriate aircraft record. A modification must be compatible with all previous modifications to assure continued conformity with the applicable airworthiness requirements.

8. Description of Work Accomplished (If more space is required, attach additional sheets. Identify each page with aircraft nationality and registration mark and date work completed.)

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SCHEDULE 6 APPROVED MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS

SUBPART A: GENERAL 6.001 Applicability 6.005 Definitions 6.010 Acronyms SUBPART B: AMO CERTIFICATE 6.016 Issue of Certification 6.020 Certificate and Operations Specifications 6.025 Advertising 6.030 Deviation Authority SUBPART C: CERTIFICATION 6.035 Application for an AMO Certificate 6.040 Issuance of an AMO Certificate 6.045 Duration and Renewal of Certificate 6.050 Continued Validity of Approval 6.055 Changes to the AMO and Certificate Amendments 6.060 Ratings of the AMO 6.065 AMO Limited Ratings SUBPART D: HOUSING, FACILITIES, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS 6.070 General 6.075 Housing and Facility Requirements 6.080 Equipment, Tools, and Material SUBPART E: ADMINISTRATION 6.085 Personnel and Training Requirements 6.090 Record of Certifying Staff SUBPART F: AMO OPERATING RULES 6.095 Maintenance Organization Procedures Manual 6.100 Maintenance Procedures and Independent Quality Assurance System 6.105 Capability List 6.110 Privileges of the Approved Maintenance Organization 6.115 Limitations on the AMO 6.120 Return to Service 6.125 Maintenance Records 6.130 Airworthiness Data 6.135 Reporting of Unairworthy Conditions 6.140 Inspections By Authority 6.145 Performance Standards

APPENDICES Appendix 1 to 6.060: Expanded Requirements of AMO Ratings Appendix 1 to 6.075: Housing and Facility Requirements Appendix 1 to 6.080: Equipment, Tools, and Material Appendix 1 to 6.085: Personnel Requirements

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Appendix 1 to 6.090: Records of Certifying Staff Appendix 1 to 6.095: Contents of a Maintenance Organization Procedures Manual Appendix 1 to 6.120: Certification of Return to Service Appendix 1 to 6.130: Airworthiness Data

SUBPART A GENERAL

6.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This Schedule prescribes the requirements for issuing approvals to

organizations for the maintenance preventive maintenance, and modifications of aircraft and aeronautical products and prescribes the general operating rules for an Approved Maintenance Organization (AMO). The approval, when granted, shall apply to the whole organization and shall be headed by the accountable manager.

6.005 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of this Schedule, the following definitions shall apply —

(1) Accountable manager (Maintenance). The manager who has corporate authority for ensuring that all maintenance, preventive maintenance, and modification required by the aircraft owner/operator can be financed and carried out to the standard required by the Authority. The accountable manager may delegate to another person in the organization, in writing, to become the accountable manager, when authorised by the Authority.

(2) Approval for return to service. A certification by an approved maintenance organization representative that the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification performed on an aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part thereof was accomplished using the methods, techniques, and practices, prescribed in the current manufacturer’s maintenance manual or instructions for continued airworthiness prepared by its manufacturer, or by using other methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the Authority.

(3) Approved data. Technical information approved by the Authority. (4) Article. Any item, including but not limited to, an aircraft, airframe,

aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, accessory, assembly, subassembly, system, subsystem, component, unit, product, or part.

(5) Calibration. A set of operations, performed in accordance with a definite documented procedure, that compares the measurement performed by a measurement device or working standard for the purpose of detecting and reporting or eliminating by adjustment errors in the measurement device, working standard, or aeronautical product tested.

(6) AMO. Means approved by the Authority. (7) Composite. Structural materials made of substances, including, but not

limited to, wood, metal, ceramic, plastic, fiber-reinforced materials, graphite, boron, or epoxy, with built-in strengthening agents that may by in the form of filaments, foils, powders, or flakes, of a different material.

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(8) Computer system. Any electronic or automated system capable of receiving, storing, and processing external data, and transmitting and presenting such data in a usable form for the accomplishment of a specific function.

(9) Facility. A physical plant, including land, buildings, and equipment, which provide the means for the performance of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of any article.

(10) Housing. Buildings, hangers, and other structures to accommodate the necessary equipment and materials of a maintenance organization that — (i) Provide working space for the performance of maintenance,

preventive maintenance, or modifications for which the maintenance organization is certificated and rated; and

(ii) Provide structures for the proper protection of aircraft, airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, components, parts, and subassemblies thereof during disassembly, cleaning, inspection, repair, modification, assembly, and testing; and

(iii) Provide for the proper storage, segregation, and protection of materials, parts, and supplies.

(11) Return to service. A maintenance organization document signed by an authorised maintenance organization representative that states that the article worked on is approved for return to service for the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification performed.

(12) Measurement Device. A calibrated calibrator, standard, equipment and test equipment that is intended to be used to test, measure, or calibrate other measurement devices. It is not to be used to test, measure, or calibrate an aeronautical product.

(13) Primary Standard. A standard defined and maintained by a State Authority and used to calibrate secondary standards.

(14) Reference Standard. A standard that is used to maintain working standards.

(15) Secondary Standards. A standard maintained by comparison with a primary standard.

(16) Signature. An individual’s unique identification used as a means of authenticating a maintenance record entry or maintenance record. A signature may be hand-written, electronic, or any other form acceptable to the Authority.

(17) Specialised maintenance. Any maintenance not normally performed by an AMO (e.g., tire retreating, plating, etc.)

(18) Operations Specifications. Also identified as “Operations Specifications”, the Operations Specifications describe the ratings (Class and/or Limited) in detail and will contain or reference material and process specifications used in performing repair work, along with any limitations applied to the maintenance organization. The accountable manager and the Authority sign this document.

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(19) Standard. An object, artifact, tool, test equipment, system, or experiment that stores, embodies, or otherwise provides a physical quantity, which serves as the basis for measurement of the quantity. It also includes a document describing the operations and process that must be performed in order for a particular end to be achieved.

(20) Tools, Equipment and Test Equipment. Used by an AMO for the performance of maintenance or calibration on an aircraft or aeronautical product. See also working standard.

(21) Traceability. A characteristic of a calibration, analogous to a pedigree. A traceable calibration is achieved when each Measurement Device and Working Standard, in a hierarchy stretching back to the National Standard, was itself properly calibrated, and the results properly documented. The documentation provides the information needed to show that all calibrations in the chain of calibrations were properly performed.

(22) Transfer Standard. Any standard that is used to compare a measurement process, system, or device at one location or level with another measurement process, system or device at another location or level.

(23) Working Standard. A calibrated standard that is used in the performance of maintenance and/or calibrations in any work area for the purpose of forming the basis for product acceptance or for making a finding of airworthiness (approval for return to service) to an aircraft or aeronautical product. A working standard may be maintained by comparison with primary standards, secondary standards, reference standards or transfer standards, as appropriate. A working standard is not to be used to test, measure, or calibrate other working standards or measurement devices.

6.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in this Schedule:

(1) AMO — Approved Maintenance Organization (2) PMA — Parts Manufacturing Authorization (3) TSO — Technical Standard Order

SUBPART B AMO CERTIFICATE

6.016 ISSUE OF CERTIFICATION (a) The issue of a maintenance organization certificate shall be dependent on the

organization completing initial certification and demonstrating conformance to the requirements of this Schedule to the Authority.

6.020 CERTIFICATE AND OPERATIONS SPECIFICATIONS (a) The AMO certificate will consist of two documents —

(1) A one page certificate signed by the Authority; and (2) A multi-page Operations Specifications signed by the Accountable

Manager and the Authority containing the terms, conditions, and authorizations.

(b) No person may operate as an AMO without, or in violation of, a maintenance organization certificate issued under this Schedule.

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(c) An AMO may perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications on an aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component, or part thereof only for which it is rating and within the limitations placed in its specific operating limitations.

(d) The AMO certificate will contain — (1) The certificate number specifically assigned to the AMO; (2) The name and location (main place of business) of the AMO; (3) The date of issue and period of validity; (4) The ratings issued to the AMO; and (5) Authority signature.

(e) The AMO Operations Specifications will contain — (1) The certificate number specifically assigned to the AMO; (2) The class or limited ratings issued in detail, including special approvals and

limitations issued; (3) The date issued or revised; (4) Accountable manager and Authority signatures.

(f) The certificate issued to each AMO must be available in the premises for inspection by the public and the Authority.

6.025 ADVERTISING (a) No maintenance organization may advertise as a AMO until a maintenance

organization certificate has been issued to that facility. (b) No AMO may make any statement, either in writing or orally, about itself that is

false or is designed to mislead any person. (c) Whenever the advertising of a maintenance organization indicates that it is

certificated, the advertisement must clearly state the maintenance organization’s certificate number.

6.030 DEVIATION AUTHORITY (a) The Authority may, upon consideration of the circumstances of a particular

maintenance organization, issue a deviation providing relief from specified sections of this Schedule, provided that the Authority finds that the circumstances presented warrant the deviation and that a level of safety will be maintained equal to that provided by the rule from which the deviation is sought. This deviation authority will be issued as a Letter of Deviation Authority.

(b) A Letter of Deviation Authority may be terminated or amended at any time by the Authority.

(c) A request for deviation authority must be made in a form and manner acceptable to the Authority and submitted to the Authority at least 60days before the date the deviation from specified sections in this part is necessary for the intended maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modification. A request for deviation authority must contain complete statement of the circumstances and justifications for the deviation requested, and show that a level of safety will be maintained equal to that provided by the rule from which the deviation is sought.

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(d) Each AMO that receives a Letter of Deviation Authority must have a means of notifying the appropriate management, certifying staff, and personnel of the deviation, including the extent of the deviation and when the deviation is terminated or amended.

SUBPART C CERTIFICATION

6.035 APPLICATION FOR AN AMO CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority will require an applicant for an AMO certificate to submit the

following — (1) An application in a form and manner prescribed by the Authority; (2) Its maintenance procedures manual in duplicate; (3) A list of the maintenance functions to be performed for it, under contract, by

another AMO; (4) A list of all AMO certificates and ratings pertinent to those certificates

issued by any contracting State other than The Bahamas; and (5) Any additional information the Authority requires the applicant to submit.

(b) An application for the amendment of an existing AMO certificate shall be made on a form and in a manner prescribed by the Authority. If applicable, the AMO shall submit the required amendment to the maintenance procedure manual to the Authority for approval.

6.040 ISSUANCE OF AN AMO CERTIFICATE (a) An applicant may be issued an AMO certificate if, after investigation, the

Authority finds that the applicant — (1) Meets the applicable regulations and standards for the holder of an AMO;

and (2) Is properly and adequately equipped for the performance of maintenance of

aircraft or aeronautical product for which it seeks approval. 6.045 DURATION AND RENEWAL OF CERTIFICATE (a) A certificate or rating issued to a maintenance organization located in The

Bahamas is effective from the date of issue until the maintenance organization surrenders it or the Authority suspends or revokes it.

(b) A certificate or rating issued to a maintenance organization located outside The Bahamas is effective from the date of issue until — (1) The last day of the 24th month after the date on which it was issued; (2) The maintenance organization surrenders the certificate; or (3) The Authority suspends or revokes the certificate.

(c) The holder of a certificate that expires or is surrendered, suspended, or revoked by the Authority must return the certificate and Operations Specifications to the Authority.

(d) An AMO located outside The Bahamas that applies for a renewal of its maintenance organization certificate for aircraft registered in The Bahamas must:

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(1) Submit its request for renewal no later than 90 days before the maintenance organization’s current certificate expires. If a request for renewal is not made within this period, the maintenance organization must follow the application procedure prescribed by the Authority.

(2) Send its request for renewal to the Authority that has jurisdiction over the maintenance organization.

6.050 CONTINUED VALIDITY OF APPROVAL (a) Unless the approval has previously been surrendered, superseded, suspended,

revoked or expired by virtue of exceeding any expiration date that may be specified in the approval certificate, the continued validity of approval is dependent upon — (1) The AMO remaining in compliance with this Schedule; (2) The Authority being granted access to the organization’s facilities to

determine continued compliance with this regulation; and (3) The payment of any charges prescribed by the Authority.

(b) The holder of an AMO certificate that expires or is surrendered, suspended, or revoked, shall return it to the Authority.

6.055 CHANGES TO THE AMO AND CERTIFICATE AMENDMENTS (a) To enable the Authority to determine continued compliance with this Schedule, the

AMO shall provide written notification to the Authority either prior to, or within a time period determined by the Authority to be as soon as practicable after, any of the following changes — (1) The name of the organization; (2) The location of the organization; (3) The housing, facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work scope and

certifying staff that could affect the AMO rating or ratings; (4) The ratings held by the AMO, whether granted by the Authority or held

through an AMO certification issued by another contracting State; (5) Additional locations of the organization; (6) The accountable manager; or (7) The list of management personnel identified as described in the maintenance

procedure manual. (b) The Authority will amend the AMO certificate if the AMO notifies the

Authority of a change in — (1) Location or housing and facilities; (2) Additional locations of the organization; (3) Rating, including deletions; (4) Name of the organization with same ownership; or (5) Ownership.

(c) The Authority may amend the AMO certificate if the AMO notifies the Authority of a change in — (1) The accountable manager; or

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(2) The list of management personnel identified as described in the maintenance procedure manual.

(d) When the Authority issues an amendment to an AMO certificate because of new ownership of the AMO, the Authority will assign a new certificate number to the amended AMO certificate.

(e) The Authority may — (1) Prescribe, in writing, the conditions under which the AMO may continue to

operate during any period of implementation of the changes noted in subparagraph (a); and

(2) Hold the AMO certificate in abeyance if the Authority determines that approval of the AMO certificate should be delayed; the Authority will notify the AMO certificate holder, in writing, of the reasons for any such delay.

(f) If changes are made by the AMO to the items listed in subparagraph (a) without notification to the Authority, the AMO certificate may be suspended.

6.060 RATINGS OF THE AMO (a) The following ratings are issued under this Subpart:

(1) Airframe ratings. An aircraft rating on a maintenance organization certificate permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications on an aircraft, including work on the powerplant(s) of that aircraft up to, but not including, overhaul as that term defined in Schedule 5 under the following classes:

(i) Class 1: Aircraft (other than rotorcraft and aircraft composed primarily of composite material) of 5,700 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight or less.

(ii) Class 2: Aircraft (other than rotorcraft and aircraft composed primarily of composite material) over 5,700 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight and up to, and including, 34,200 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight.

(iii) Class 3: Aircraft, (other than rotorcraft and aircraft composed primarily composite material) over 34,200 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight.

(iv) Class 4: Rotorcraft (other than rotorcraft composed primarily of composite material) of 2,736 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight or less.

(v) Class 5: Rotorcraft (other than rotorcraft composed primarily of composite material) over 2,736 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight.

(vi) Class 6: Aircraft composed primarily of composite material, of 5,700 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight or less.

(vii) Class 7: Aircraft composed primarily of composite material, over 5,700 kg maximum certificated takeoff weight

(2) Powerplant ratings. A powerplant rating on a maintenance organization certificate permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of powerplants under the following classes:

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(i) Class 1: Reciprocating engines. (ii) Class 2: Turbopropeller and turboshaft engines. (iii) Class 3: Turbojet and turbofan engines.

(3) Propeller ratings. A propeller rating on a maintenance organization certificate permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of propellers under the following classes: (i) Class 1: Fixed-pitch and ground-adjustable propellers.

(ii) Class 2: Variable-pitch propellers. (4) Avionics ratings. An avionics rating on a maintenance organization certificate

permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of avionics equipment under the following ratings: (i) Class 1: Communication equipment: Any radio transmitting

equipment or receiving equipment, or both, used in aircraft to send or receive communications, regardless of carrier frequency or type of modulation used; including auxiliary and related aircraft interphone systems, amplifier systems, electrical or electronic intercrew signalling devices, and similar equipment; but not including equipment used for navigation of the aircraft or as an aid to navigation, equipment for measuring altitude or terrain clearance, other measuring equipment operated on radio or radar principles, or mechanical, electrical, gyroscopic, or electronic instruments that are a part of communications avionics equipment.

(ii) Class 2: Navigational equipment: Any avionics system used in aircraft for en route or approach navigation, except equipment operated on radar or pulsed radio frequency principles, but not including equipment for measuring altitude or terrain clearance or other distance equipment operated on pulsed radio frequency principles.

(iii) Class 3: Pulsed equipment: Any aircraft electronic system operated on pulsed radio frequency principles.

(5) Computer systems ratings. A computer systems rating on a maintenance organization certificate permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of digital computer systems and components thereof, that have the function of receiving external data, processing such data, and transmitting and presenting the processed data under the following classes: (i) Class 1: Aircraft computer systems.

(ii) Class 2: Powerplant computer systems. (iii) Class 3: Avionics computer systems.

(6) Instrument ratings. An instrument rating on a maintenance organization certificate permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of instruments under the following classes:

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(i) Class 1: Mechanical: Any diaphragm, bourdon tube, aneroid, optical, or mechanically driven centrifugal instrument that is used on aircraft or to operate aircraft, including tachometers, airspeed indicators, pressure gauges, drift sights, magnetic compasses, altimeters, or similar mechanical instruments.

(ii) Class 2: Electrical: Any self-synchronous and electrical indicating instruments and systems, including remote indicating instruments, cylinder head temperature gauges, or similar electrical instruments.

(iii) Class 3: Gyroscopic: Any instrument or system using gyroscopic principles and motivated by air pressure or electrical energy, including automatic pilot control units, turn and bank indicators, directional gyros, and their parts, and flux gate and gyrosyn compasses.

(iv) Class 4: Electronic: Any instruments whose operation depends on electron tubes, transistors, or similar devices including capacitance type quantity gauges, system amplifiers, and engine analysers.

(7) Accessory ratings. An accessory rating on a maintenance organization certificate permits that maintenance organization to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications of accessory equipment under the following classes:

(i) Class 1: Mechanical. The accessories that depend on friction, hydraulics, mechanical linkage, or pneumatic pressure for operation.

(ii) Class 2: Electrical. The accessories that depend on electrical energy. (iii) Class 3: Electronic. The accessories that depend on the use of an

electron tube transistors, lasers, fiber optics, solid-state, integrated circuits, vacuum tubes, or similar electronic controls.

(iv) Class 4: Auxiliary power units (APUs) that may be installed on aircraft as self-contained units to supplement the aircraft’s engines as a source of hydraulic, pneumatic, or electrical power.

6.065 AMO LIMITED RATINGS (a) Whenever the Authority finds it appropriate, it may issue a limited rating to an

AMO that maintains or alters only a particular type of airframe, powerplant, propeller, radio, instrument, or accessory, or parts thereof, or performs only specialised maintenance requiring equipment and skills not ordinarily found in an AMO. Such a rating may be limited to a specific model aircraft, engine, or constituent part, or to any number of parts made by a particular manufacturer.

(b) Limited ratings are issued for — (1) Aircraft; (2) Airframe; (3) Powerplants; (4) Propellers; (5) Avionics equipment; (6) Computer systems; (7) Instruments; (8) Accessories; and

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(9) Any other purpose for which the Authority finds the applicant’s request appropriate.

(c) Specialised service ratings. A specialised service rating may be issued to a maintenance organization to perform specific maintenance or processes. The Operations Specifications of the maintenance organization must identify the specification used in performing that specialised service. The specification may be — (1) A civil or military specification that is currently used by industry and

approved by the Authority; or (2) A specification developed by the maintenance organization and approved by

the Authority. SUBPART D

HOUSING, FACILITIES, EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS 6.070 GENERAL (a) An AMO must provide personnel, facilities, equipment, and materials in

quantity and quality that meet the standards required for the issuance of the certificate and ratings that the maintenance organization holds.

6.075 HOUSING AND FACILITY REQUIREMENTS (a) Housing and facilities shall be provided appropriate for all planned work

ensuring, in particular, protection from weather. (b) All work environments shall be appropriate for the task carried out and shall

not impair the effectiveness of personnel. (c) Office accommodation shall be appropriate for the management of planned

work including, in particular, the management of quality, planning, and technical records.

(d) Specialised workshops and bays shall be segregated, as appropriate, to insure that environmental and work area contamination is unlikely to occur.

(e) Storage facilities shall be provided for parts, equipment, tools and material. (f) Storage conditions shall be provided security for serviceable parts, segregation

of serviceable from unserviceable parts, and prevent deterioration of and damage to stored items. See Appendix 1 to 6.075 for detailed requirements pertaining to housing and facilities.

6.080 EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, AND MATERIAL (a) The AMO shall have available the necessary equipment, tools, and material to

perform the approved scope of work and these items shall be under full control of the AMO. The availability of equipment and tools means permanent availability except in the case of any tool or equipment that is so rarely needed that its permanent availability is not necessary.

(b) The Authority may exempt an AMO from possessing specific tools and equipment for maintenance or repair of an aircraft or aeronautical product specified in the AMO’s approval, if these items can be acquired temporarily, by prior arrangement, and be under full control of the AMO when needed to perform required maintenance or repairs.

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Note: The Authority may elect not to amend the approval to delete the aircraft or aeronautical product on the basis that it is a temporary situation and there is a formal agreement from the AMO to re-acquire tools, equipment, etc. before performing any maintenance or repair.

(c) The AMO shall control all applicable tools, equipment, and test equipment used for product acceptance and/or for making a finding of airworthiness.

(d) The AMO shall ensure that all applicable tools, equipment, and test equipment used for product acceptance and/or for making a finding of airworthiness are calibrated to ensure correct calibration to a standard acceptable to the Authority and traceable to the State National Standards.

(e) The AMO shall keep all records of calibrations and the standards used for calibration. See Appendix 1 to 6.080 for detailed requirements pertaining to tools, equipment, and test equipment.

SUBPART E ADMINISTRATION

6.085 PERSONNEL AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS (a) A management person or group of persons acceptable to the Authority, whose

responsibilities include ensuring that the AMO is in compliance with these regulations, shall be nominated.

(b) The person or persons nominated as manager shall represent the maintenance management structure of the AMO, and be responsible for all functions specified in this Schedule.

(c) Nominated managers shall be directly responsible to an accountable manager who shall be acceptable to the Authority.

(d) The AMO shall employ sufficient personnel to plan, perform, supervise and inspect and release the work in accordance with the approval.

(e) The competence of personnel involved in maintenance shall be established in accordance with a procedure and to a standard acceptable to the Authority.

(f) The person signing return to service or an approval for return to service shall be qualified in accordance with Schedules 5 and 8 as appropriate to the work performed and is acceptable to the Authority.

(g) The maintenance personnel and the certifying staff shall meet the qualification requirements and receive initial and continuation training to their assigned tasks and responsibilities in accordance with a program acceptable to the Authority. The training program established by the AMO shall include training in knowledge and skills related to human performance, including co-ordination with other maintenance personnel and flight crew. See Appendix 1 to 6.085 for detailed personnel requirements.

6.090 RECORD OF CERTIFYING STAFF (a) The AMO shall maintain a roster of all certifying staff, which includes details of

the scope of their authorization.

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(b) Certifying staff shall be notified in writing of the scope of their authorization. See Appendix 1 to 6.090 for detailed requirements pertaining to records of certifying staff.

SUBPART F AMO OPERATING RULES

6.095 MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION PROCEDURES MANUAL Note: The purpose of the Maintenance Organization Procedures Manual is to set forth the procedures, the means, and methods of the AMO. Compliance with its contents will assure compliance with the requirements of this Schedule, which is a prerequisite to obtaining and retaining an AMO certificate. (a) The maintenance organization shall provide for the use and guidance of

maintenance personnel concerned a procedures manual containing the contents specified by the Authority. See Appendix 1 to 6.095 for the required contents of a Maintenance Organizations Procedures Manual.

(b) The maintenance organization shall ensure that the procedures manual is amended as necessary to keep the information contained therein up-to-date.

(c) The AMO Maintenance Procedure Manual and any subsequent amendments thereto shall be approved by the Authority prior to use.

(d) This manual and all amendments shall be furnished promptly to all organizations or persons accomplishing any activity for which the manual applies.

(e) The AMO Maintenance Procedures Manual shall specify the scope of work required of the AMO in order to satisfy the relevant requirements needed for an approval of an aircraft or aeronautical product for return to service.

(f) The procedures manual and any other manual it identifies must: (1) Include instructions and information necessary to allow the personnel

concerned to perform their duties and responsibilities with a high degree of safety;

(2) Be in a form that is easy to revise and contains a system which allows personnel to determine current revision status;

(3) Have the date of the last revision printed on each page containing the revision;

(4) Not be contrary to any applicable Bahamian regulation or the AMO’s Operations Specifications; and

(5) Include a reference to appropriate civil aviation regulations. See Appendix 6.095 for the required contents of the maintenance organization procedures manual.

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6.100 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AND INDEPENDENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM

(a) The AMO shall establish procedures acceptable to the Authority to insure good maintenance practices and compliance with all relevant requirements in these regulations such that aircraft and aeronautical products may be properly released to service.

(b) The AMO shall establish an independent quality assurance system, acceptable to the Authority, to monitor compliance with and adequacy of the procedures and by providing a system of inspection to ensure that all maintenance is properly performed. Note: The quality assurance system may be an independent system under the control of the quality manager that evaluates the maintenance procedures and the correctness of the Equivalent Safety Case process.

(c) The quality assurance system shall include a procedure to initially qualify and periodically perform audits on persons performing work on behalf of the AMO.

(d) Compliance monitoring shall include a feedback system to the designated management person or group of persons directly responsible for the quality system and ultimately to the accountable manager to ensure, as necessary, corrective action.

(e) The maintenance procedures shall cover all aspects of maintenance activity and describe standards to which the AMO intends to work. The aircraft/aircraft component design AMO standards and aircraft operator standards must be taken into account.

(f) The maintenance procedures should address the provisions and limitations of this Schedule.

(g) The AMO’s quality system shall be sufficient to review all maintenance procedures as described in the Procedures Manual in accordance with an approved program once a year for each aircraft type maintained.

(h) The AMO’s quality system shall indicate when audits are due, when completed, and establish a system of audit reports, which can be seen by visiting Authority staff on request. The audit system shall clearly establish a means by which audit reports containing observations about non-compliance or poor standards are communicated to the accountable manager. See Appendix 1 to 6.100 for detailed requirements pertaining to the quality system, including a sample of inspection items.

6.105 CAPABILITY LIST (a) Each AMO must prepare and retain a current capability list approved by the

Authority. The maintenance organization may not perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications on an article until the article has been listed on the capability list in accordance with this Schedule.

(b) The capability list must identify each article by make and model, part number, or other nomenclature designated by the article’s manufacturer.

(c) An article may be listed on the capability list only if the article is within the scope of the ratings and classes of the maintenance organization’s certificate, and only after the maintenance organization has performed a self-evaluation in accordance with this Schedule. The maintenance organization must perform the self-evaluation described in this paragraph to determine that the

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maintenance organization has all of the facilities, equipment, material, technical data, processes, housing, and trained personnel in place to perform the work on the article as required by this Schedule. If the maintenance organization makes that determination, it may list the article on the capability list.

(d) The document of the evaluation described in paragraph (c) of this section must be signed by the accountable manager and must be retained on file by the maintenance organization.

(e) Upon listing an additional article on its capability list, the maintenance organization must send a copy of the list to the Authority having jurisdiction over the maintenance organization.

(f) The capability list(s) must be available in the premises for inspection by the public and the Authority.

(g) The self-evaluations must be available in the premises for inspection by the Authority.

(h) The AMO shall retain the capability list(s) and self-evaluation(s) for two years from the date accepted by the accountable manager.

6.110 PRIVILEGES OF THE APPROVED MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION

(a) The AMO shall carry out the following tasks as permitted by and in accordance with the AMO maintenance procedures manual — (1) Maintain any aircraft or aeronautical product for which it is rated at

the location identified in the approval certificate; (2) Maintain any aircraft for which it is rated at any location subject to the

need for such maintenance arising from unserviceability of the aircraft;

(3) Describe the activities in support of a specific AOC holder where that AOC has requested the services of the AMO at locations other than the location identified on the AMO certificate and the AMO has been rated to maintain the aircraft of that specific AOC holder at the requested location in the AMO operating provisions approved by the Authority; and

(4) Issue an approval for return to service or a return to service in respect of subparagraphs (a)(1), (2), and (3) of this subsection upon completion of maintenance in accordance with limitations applicable to the AMO.

(b) An AMO may not contract out the maintenance, preventative maintenance, modification or alteration of a complete type-certificated product, and it may not provide only approval for return to service of a product following contract maintenance.

(c) The AMO may maintain or alter any article for which it is rated at a place other than the AMO, if — (1) The function would be performed in the same manner as when

performed at the AMO and in accordance with this Subpart; (2) All necessary personnel, equipment, material, and technical and/or

approved standards are available at the place where the work is to be done; and

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(3) The maintenance procedure manual of the station sets forth approved procedures governing work to be performed at a place other than the AMO.

6.115 LIMITATIONS ON THE AMO (a) The AMO shall maintain an aircraft or aeronautical product for which it is

approved only when all necessary housing, facilities, equipment, tools, material, approved technical data and certifying staff are available.

6.120 RETURN TO SERVICE (a) A return to service shall be issued by appropriately authorised certifying

staff when satisfied that all required maintenance of the aircraft or aeronautical product has been properly carried out by the AMO in accordance with the maintenance procedure manual.

Note: An aeronautical product which has been maintained off the aircraft requires the issue of a return to service for such maintenance and another return to service in regard to being installed properly on the aircraft, when such action occurs.

(b) A return to service shall contain — (1) Basic details of the maintenance carried out; (2) The date such maintenance was completed; (3) The identity, including the authorization reference, of the AMO; and (4) The identity of the person or persons signing the release.

See Appendix 7 to 6.120 for detailed requirements concerning a return to service, along with a sample form.

6.125 MAINTENANCE RECORDS (a) The AMO shall record, in a form acceptable to the Authority, all details for

maintenance work performed. (b) The AMO shall provide a copy of each return to service to the aircraft

operator, together with a copy of any specific airworthiness data used for repairs/modifications performed.

(c) The AMO shall retain a copy of all detailed maintenance records and any associated airworthiness data for two years from the date the aircraft or aeronautical product to which the work relates was released from the AMO.

Note: Where an AOC holder contracts an AMO to keep the aircraft operator’s certificates of return to service and any associated airworthiness data, the retention period will be that required by Schedule 5.

(d) Each person who maintains, performs preventive maintenance, rebuilds, or modifies an aircraft/aeronautical product shall make an entry in the maintenance record of that equipment: (1) A description and reference to data acceptable to the Authority of

work performed. (2) The date of completion of the work performed. (3) The name of the person performing the work if other than the person

specified in this subsection. (4) If the work performed on the aircraft/aeronautical product has been

performed satisfactorily, the signature, certificate number, and kind of certificate held by the person approving the work.

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(5) The authorised signature, the AMO certificate number, and kind of certificate held by the person approving or disapproving for return to service the aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, component part, or portions thereof.

(6) The signature constitutes the approval for return to service only for the work performed.

(7) In addition to the entry required by this paragraph, major repairs and major modifications shall be entered on a form in the manner prescribed by the Authority.

(e) No person shall describe in any required maintenance entry or form an aircraft or aeronautical component as being overhauled unless: (1) Using methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the Authority,

it has been disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted, repaired as necessary, and reassembled; and

(2) It has been tested in accordance with approved standards and technical data, or in accordance with current standards and technical data acceptable to the Authority, which have been developed and documented by the holder of the type certificate, supplemental type certificate, or a material, part, process, or appliance approval under a TSO.

Note: For definitions of overhaul see Schedule 5. (f) No person may describe in any required maintenance entry or form, an

aircraft or other aeronautical product as being rebuilt unless it has been — (1) Disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted; (2) Repaired as necessary; and (3) Reassembled and tested to the same tolerances and limits as a

new item, using either new parts or used parts that either conforms to new part tolerances and limits, or to approve oversized or undersized dimensions.

Note: For definitions of rebuild see Schedule 5. (g) No person may approve for return to service any aircraft or aeronautical

product that has undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or modification unless: (1) The appropriate maintenance record entry has been made; (2) The repair or modification form authorised by or furnished by

the Authority has been executed in a manner prescribed by the Authority.

(h) If a repair or modification results in any change in the aircraft operating limitations or flight data contained in the approved aircraft flight manual, those operating limitations or flight data shall be appropriately revised and set forth as prescribed by the Authority.

(i) Maintenance record entries for inspections. The person approving or disapproving for return to service an aircraft/aeronautical product, after any inspection performed in accordance with this regulation, shall make an entry in the maintenance record of that equipment containing the following information: (1) The type of inspection and a brief description of the extent of the

inspection; (2) The date of the inspection and aircraft total time in service; and

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(3) The authorised signature, the AMO certificate number, and kind of certificate held by the person approving or disapproving for return to service the aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine propeller appliance, component part, or portions thereof;

(4) If the aircraft is found to be airworthy and approved for return to service, the following or a similarly worded statement — “I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and was determined to be in airworthy condition”;

(5) If the aircraft is not approved for return to service because of needed maintenance, non-compliance with the applicable specifications, airworthiness directives, or other approved data, the following or a similarly worded statement — “I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in accordance with (insert type) inspection and a list of discrepancies and unairworthy items dated (date) has been provided for the aircraft owner or operator”; and

(6) If an inspection is conducted under an inspection program provided for in this regulation, the entry shall identify the inspection program accomplished, and contains a statement that the inspection was performed in accordance with the inspections and procedures for that particular program.

(j) Listing of discrepancies. If the person performing any inspection required by this regulation finds that the aircraft is not airworthy or does not meet the applicable type certificate data sheet, airworthiness directives, or other approved data upon which its airworthiness depends, that person shall give the owner or lessee a signed and dated list of those discrepancies.

6.130 AIRWORTHINESS DATA (a) The AMO shall be in receipt of all airworthiness data appropriate to support

the work performed from the Authority, the aircraft/aeronautical product design organization, and any other approved design organization in the State of Manufacture or State of Design, as appropriate.

Note: The Authority may classify data from another authority or organization as mandatory and may require the AMO to hold such data.

(b) Where the AMO modifies airworthiness data specified in paragraph (a) to a format or presentation more useful for its maintenance activities, the AMO shall submit to the Authority an amendment to the maintenance procedure manual for any such proposed modifications for acceptance.

(c) All airworthiness data used by the AMO shall be kept current and made available to all personnel who require access to that data to perform their duties.

See Appendix 1 to 6.130 for detailed requirements concerning airworthiness data.

6.135 REPORTING OF UNAIRWORTHY CONDITIONS (a) The AMO shall report to the Authority and the aircraft design organization of

the State of Design any identified condition that could present a serious hazard to the aircraft.

(b) Reports shall be made on a form and in a manner prescribed by the Authority and contain all pertinent information about the condition known to the AMO.

(c) Where the AMO is contracted by an AOC holder to carry out maintenance, that AMO shall report to the AOC holder any condition affecting the aircraft or aeronautical product.

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(d) Reports shall be made as soon as practicable, but in any case within three days of the AMO identifying the condition to which the report relates.

6.140 INSPECTIONS BY AUTHORITY Each AMO must allow the Authority to inspect that maintenance organization and any of its contract maintenance facilities at any time to determine compliance with this Schedule. Arrangements for maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications by a contractor must include provisions for inspections of the contractor by the Authority. 6.145 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS (a) Each AMO that performs any maintenance, preventive maintenance,

modifications for an air operator certificated under Schedule 12 having an approved maintenance program and approved continuous maintenance program shall perform that work in accordance with the air operator’s manuals.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (a), each AMO shall perform its maintenance and modification operations in accordance with the applicable standards in Schedule 5. It shall maintain, in current condition, all manufacturer’s service manuals, instructions, and service bulletins that relate to the articles that it maintains or modifies.

(c) In addition, each AMO with an avionics rating shall comply with those sections in Schedule 5 that apply to electronic systems, and shall use materials that conform to approved specifications for equipment appropriate to its rating. It shall use test apparatus, shop equipment, performance standards, test methods, modifications, and calibrations that conform to the manufacturer’s specifications or instructions, approved specification, and if not otherwise specified, to accepted good practices of the aircraft avionics industry.

APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 TO 6.060

EXPANDED REQUIREMENTS OF AMO RATINGS Except for job functions that are contracted out, each AMO must provide equipment and material so that the job functions listed in this Appendix, as appropriate to the class or limited rating held or applied for, can be performed as required. The job functions are as follows: (a) For an aircraft rating:

(1) Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5: (i) Metal skin and structural components:

(A) Repair and replace steel tubes and fittings using the proper welding techniques, when appropriate.

(B) Apply anticorrosion treatment to the interior and exterior of parts. (C) Perform simple machine operations. (D) Fabricate steel fittings. (E) Repair and replace metal skin. (F) Repair and replace alloy members and components.

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(G) Assemble and align components using jigs or fixtures. (H) Make up forming blocks or dies. (I) Repair or replace ribs.

(ii) Wood Structure: (A) Splice wood spars. (B) Repair ribs and spars. (C) Align interior of wings. (D) Repair or replace plywood skin. (E) Apply treatment against wood decay.

(iii) Fabric covering: (A) Repair fabric surfaces.

(iv) Aircraft control systems: (A) Repair and replace control cables. (B) Rig complete control system. (C) Replace and repair all control system components. (D) Remove and install control system units and components.

(v) Aircraft systems: (A) Replace and repair landing gear hinge-point components and

attachments. (B) Maintain elastic shock absorber units. (C) Conduct landing gear retraction cycle tests. (D) Maintain electrical position indicating and wiring systems. (E) Repair and fabricate fuel, pneumatic, hydraulic, and oil lines. (F) Diagnose electrical and electronic malfunctions. (G) Repair and replace electrical wiring and electronic data

transmission lines. (H) Install electrical and electronic equipment. (I) Perform bench check of electrical and electronic

components. (This check is not to be confused with the more complex functional test after repair or overhaul.)

(vi) Assembly operations: (A) Assemble aircraft components or parts, such as landing gear,

wings, and controls. (B) Rig and align aircraft components, including the complete

aircraft and control system. (C) Install powerplants. (D) Install instruments and accessories. (E) Assemble and install cowlings, fairings, and panels. (F) Maintain and install windshields and windows.

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(G) Jack or hoist complete aircraft. (H) Balance flight control surfaces.

(vii) Non-destructive inspection and testing using dye penetrants and magnetic, ultrasonic, radiographic, fluorescent, or holographic inspection techniques.

(viii) Inspection of metal structures: (A) Inspect metal structures, using appropriate inspection

equipment to perform the inspections required on an aircraft. (2) Classes 6 and 7:

(i) In addition to having the capability to perform the appropriate functions set forth for class 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 aircraft ratings, a maintenance organization holding a class 6 or 7 aircraft rating for composite aircraft must have the following equipment: (A) Autoclave capable of providing positive pressure and

temperature consistent with materials used. (B) Air circulating oven with vacuum capability. (C) Storage equipment, such as freezer, refrigerator, and

temperature-control cabinets or other definitive storage areas.

(D) Honeycomb core cutters. (E) Non-destructive inspection equipment such as x-ray,

ultrasonic, or other types of acoustic test equipment as recommended by the manufacturer.

(F) Cutting tools, such as diamond or carbide saws or router bits, suitable for cutting and trimming composite structures.

(G) Scales adequate to ensure proper proportioning by weight of epoxy adhesive and resins.

(H) Mechanical pressure equipment such as vacuum bagging or sand bags, as appropriate.

(I) Thermocouple probes necessary to monitor core temperatures.

(J) Hardness testing equipment using heat guns that are thermostatically controlled for curing repairs.

(ii) Appropriate inspection equipment to perform inspection of composite structures as recommended by the manufacturer and as required for inspection of an aircraft under this section.

(3) List of maintenance functions that may be contracted out: (i) For all classes of airframe ratings:

(A) Metal plating or anodizing. (B) Complex machine operation involving the use of

planners, shapers, milling machines, etc. (C) Abrasive air blasting and chemical cleaning operations. (D) Heat treatment. (E) Magnetic inspection.

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(F) Repair or rebuilt metal tanks (G) Fabricate alloy members and components such as tubes,

channels, cowlings, fittings, attach angles, etc. (H) Fabricate wood spars. (I) Overhaul and repair hydraulic-pneumatic shock absorber

units. (J) Overhaul and repair brake system components. (K) Overhaul and repair hydraulic system components (L) Conduct aircraft weight and balance operation (this function

will be conducted in a draft-free area). (M) Fluorescent inspection of alloy components. (N) Recovering and refinishing of components and entire

aircraft. (b) Powerplant rating:

(1) Class 1: (i) Maintain and alter powerplants, including

replacement of parts: (A) Perform chemical and mechanical cleaning. (B) Perform disassembly operations. (C) Replace bushings, bearings, pins, and inserts. (D) Perform heating operations that may involve the use of

recommended techniques that require controlled heating facilities.

(E) Perform chilling or shrinking operations. (F) Remove and replace studs. (G) Inscribe or affix identification information. (H) Paint powerplants and components. (I) Apply anticorrosion treatment for parts.

(ii) Inspect all parts, using appropriate inspection aids: (A) Determine precise clearances and tolerances of all parts. (B) Inspect alignment of connecting rods, crankshafts, and

impeller shafts. (iii) Accomplish routine machine work:

(A) Ream inserts, bushings, bearings, and other similar components.

(B) Reface valves. (iv) Accomplish assembly operations:

(A) Perform valve and ignition-timing operations. (B) Fabricate and test ignition harnesses. (C) Fabricate and test rigid and flexible fluid lines. (D) Prepare engines for long or short term storage. (E) Hoist engines by mechanical means.

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(2) Classes 2 and 3: (i) In addition to having the capability to perform the appropriate functions as

required for class 1 powerplant rating, a maintenance organization holding a class 2 or a class 3 powerplant rating must have the following equipment: (A) Testing equipment. (B) Surface treatment antigallant equipment.

(ii) Functional and equipment requirements recommended by the manufacturer; and

(iii) Appropriate inspection equipment. (3) List of maintenance functions that may be contracted out:

(i) Class 1 and 2 Powerplant (Reciprocating). (ii) Replacement of valve guides and seats. (iii) Plating operations (copper, silver, cadmium, etc.). (iv) Replacement and repair of powerplant alloy sheet metal and steel

components such as air baffles, etc.) (v) Magnetic, fluorescent and other acceptable inspection aids. (vi) Balancing of parts, including crankshafts, impeller shafts, etc. (vii) Precision grinding, honing and lapping operations (including crankshaft,

cylinder barrels, etc.) (viii) Precision drilling, tapping, boring, milling, and cutting operations. (ix) Functional check powerplant accessories (this check is not to be confused

with the more complex performance test of overhaul). (x) Install engines in aircraft. (xi) Align and adjust engine controls.

(c) Propeller Rating: (1) Class 1:

(i) Remove and install propellers. (ii) Maintain and alter propellers, including installation and replacement of parts:

(A) Replace bladed tipping. (B) Refinish wood propellers. (C) Make wood inlays. (D) Refinish plastic blades. (E) Straighten bent blades within repairable tolerances. (F) Modify blade diameter and profile. (G) Polish and buff. (H) Perform painting operations.

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(iii) Inspect components using appropriate inspection aids: (A) Inspect propellers for conformity with manufacturer’s

drawings and specifications. (B) Inspect hubs and blades for failures and defects using all

visual aids, including the etching of parts. (C) Inspect hubs for wear of splines or keyways or any other

defect. (iv) Balance propellers:

(A) Test for proper track on aircraft. (B) Test for horizontal and vertical unbalance using precision

equipment. (2) Class 2:

(i) Remove and install aircraft propellers, which may include installation and replacement of parts: (A) Perform all functions listed under Class 1 propellers when

applicable to the make and model propeller in this class. (B) Properly lubricate moving parts. (C) Assemble complete propeller and subassemblies using

special tools when required. (ii) Inspect components using appropriate inspection aids for those

functions listed for class 1 propellers under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this Implementing Standard when applicable to the make and model of the propeller being worked on.

(iii) Repair or replace components or parts: (A) Replace blades, hubs, or any of their components. (B) Repair or replace anti-icing devices. (C) Remove nicks or scratches from metal blades. (D) Repair or replace electrical propeller components.

(iv) Balance propellers, including those functions listed for class 1 propellers under paragraph (c)(1)(iv) of this Implementing Standard when applicable to the make and model of the propeller being worked on.

(v) Test propeller pitch-changing mechanism: (A) Test hydraulically operated propellers and components. (B) Test electrically operated propellers and components.

(3) List of maintenance functions that may be contracted out: (i) Class 1 Propeller:

(A) Inspect hubs and blades for failures and defects, using magnetic or fluorescent inspection devices.

(ii) Class 2 Propeller: (A) Test of constant speed devices.

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(d) Avionics rating: (1) Class 1, 2, and 3:

(A) Perform physical inspection of avionics systems and components by visual and mechanical inspection.

(B) Perform electrical inspection of avionics systems and components by means of appropriate electrical and/or electronic test equipment.

(C) Check aircraft wiring, antennas, connectors, relays, and other associated avionics components to detect installation faults.

(D) Check engine ignition systems and aircraft accessories to determine sources of electrical interference.

(E) Check aircraft power supplies for adequacy and proper functioning.

(F) Remove, repair, and replace aircraft antennas. (G) Measure transmission line attenuation. (H) Measure avionics component values such as inductance,

capacitance, and resistance. (I) Determine waveforms and phase in avionics equipment when

applicable. (J) Determine proper aircraft avionics antenna, lead-in, and

transmission-line characteristics and determine proper locations for type of avionics equipment to which the antenna is connected.

(K) Determine the operational condition of avionics equipment installed in aircraft by using appropriate portable test apparatus.

(L) Test all types of transistors: solid-state, integrated circuits; or similar devices in equipment appropriate to the class rating.

(M) Test avionics indicators. (2) Class 1:

(i) In addition to having the capability to perform the job functions listed in paragraph (d)(1):

(A) Test and repair headsets, speakers, and microphones. (B) Measure radio transmitter power output. (C) Measure modulation values, noise, and distortion in

communication equipment. (3) Class 2:

(i) In addition to having the capability to perform the job functions listed in paragraph (d)(1):

(A) Test and repair headsets. (B) Test speakers. (C) Measure loop antenna sensitivity by appropriate methods. (D) Calibrate to approved performance standards any radio

navigational equipment, en route and approach aids, or similar equipment, as appropriate to this rating.

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(4) Class 3: (i) In addition to having the capability to perform the job functions

listed in paragraph (d)(1): (A) Measure transmitter power output.

(5) List of maintenance functions that may be contracted out: (i) Class 2 Avionics:

(A) Repair of speakers. (ii) Class 3 Avionics:

(A) Metal plating of transmission lines, wave guides, and similar equipment in accordance with appropriate specifications.

(iii) For all Class of Avionics ratings: (A) Test avionics indicators. (B) Overhaul, test, and check dynamotors, inverters, and other

radio electrical apparatus. (C) Paint and refinish equipment containers. (D) Accomplish appropriate methods of marking calibrations,

or other information on avionics control panels and other components, as required.

(E) Make and reproduce drawings, wiring diagrams, and other similar material required to record alteration and/or modifications to avionics (photographs may be used in lieu of drawings when they will serve as an equivalent or better means of recording).

(F) Fabricate tuning shaft assemblies, brackets, cable assemblies, and other similar components used in avionics or aircraft avionics installations.

(G) Install complete avionics systems in aircraft and prepare weight and balance reports (that phase of avionics installation requiring modifications to the aircraft structure must be performed, supervised, and inspected by appropriately qualified and authorised person).

(e) Computer systems rating: (1) Class 1, 2, and 3:

(A) Maintain computer systems in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications, test requirements, and recommendations.

(B) Remove, maintain, and replace computer systems in aircraft. (C) Inspect, test, and calibrate computer system equipment,

including software. (f) Instrument rating:

(1) Class 1: (i) Diagnose instrument malfunctions on the following instruments:

(A) Rate-of-climb indicators. (B) Altimeters.

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(C) Airspeed indicators. (D) Vacuum indicators. (E) Oil pressure gauges. (F) Hydraulic pressure gauges. (G) De-icing pressure gauges. (H) Pitot-static tube. (I) Direct indicating compasses. (J) Accelerometer. (K) Direct indicating tachometers. (L) Direct reading fuel quantity gauges.

(ii) Inspect, test, and calibrate the instruments listed under paragraph (f)(1)(i) of this IS on and off the aircraft, as appropriate.

(2) Class 2: (i) Diagnose instrument malfunctions of the following instruments:

(A) Tachometers. (B) Synchroscope. (C) Electric temperature indicators. (D) Electric resistance-type indicators. (E) Moving magnet-type indicators. (F) Warning units (oil and fuel). (G) Selsyn systems and indicators. (H) Self-synchronous systems and indicators. (I) Remote indicating compasses. (J) Quantity indicators. (K) Avionics indicators. (L) Ammeters. (M) Voltmeters. (N) Frequency meters.

(ii) Inspect, test, and calibrate instruments listed under paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this IS on and off the aircraft, as appropriate.

(3) Class 3: (i) Diagnose instrument malfunctions of the following instruments:

(A) Turn and bank indicators. (B) Directional gyros. (C) Horizon gyros. (D) Auto pilot control units and components.

(ii) Inspect, test, and calibrate instruments listed under paragraph (f)(3)(i) of this IS on and off the aircraft, as appropriate.

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(4) Class 4: (i) Diagnose instrument malfunctions of the following instruments.

(A) Capacitance-type quantity gauge. (B) Laser gyros. (C) Other electronic instruments.

(ii) Inspect, test, and calibrate instruments listed under paragraph (f)(4)(i) of this IS on and off the aircraft, as appropriate.

(g) Accessory rating: (1) Class 1, 2, 3, and 4:

(i) Perform the following functions in accordance with the manufacturers specifications and recommendations: (A) Diagnose accessory malfunctions. (B) Maintain and alter accessories, including installing and

replacing parts. (C) Inspect, test, and calibrate accessories on and off the

aircraft as appropriate.

APPENDIX 1 TO 6.075 HOUSING AND FACILITY REQUIREMENTS

(a) For ongoing maintenance of aircraft, aircraft hangars shall be available and large enough to accommodate aircraft during maintenance activities.

(b) Where the hangar is not owned by the AMO, it is recommended to: (1) Establish proof of tenancy; (2) Demonstrate sufficiency of hangar space to carry out planned base

maintenance by preparing a projected aircraft hangar visit plan relative to the maintenance program;

(3) Update the aircraft hangar visit plan on a regular basis; (4) Ensure, for aircraft component maintenance, aircraft component

workshops are large enough to accommodate the components on planned maintenance;

(5) Ensure aircraft hangar and aircraft component workshop structures prevent the ingress of rain, hail, ice, snow, wind and dust, etc.;

(6) Ensure workshop floors are sealed to minimise dust generation; and (7) Demonstrate access to hangar accommodation for usage during

inclement weather for minor scheduled work and/or lengthy defect rectification.

(c) Aircraft maintenance staff shall be provided with an area where they may study maintenance instructions and complete maintenance records in a proper manner.

Note: It is acceptable to combine any or all of the above requirements into one office subject to the staff having sufficient room to carry out assigned tasks.

(d) Hangars used to house aircraft together with office accommodation shall be such as to insure a clean, effective and conformable working environment.

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(1) Temperatures should be maintained at a comfortable level. (2) Dust and any other airborne contamination should be kept to a

minimum and not permitted to reach a level in the work task area where visible aircraft/component surface contamination is evident.

(3) Lighting should be such as to ensure each inspection and maintenance task can be carried out.

(4) Noise levels should not be permitted to rise to the point of distracting personnel from carrying out inspection tasks. Where it is impractical to control the noise source, such personnel should be provided with the necessary personal equipment to stop excessive noise causing distraction during inspection tasks.

(e) Where a particular maintenance task requires the application of specific environmental conditions different to the foregoing, then such conditions shall be observed. (Specific conditions are identified in the approved maintenance instructions.)

(f) Where the working environment for line maintenance deteriorates to an unacceptable level with respect to temperature, moisture, hail, ice, snow, wind, light, dust/other airborne contamination; the particular maintenance or inspection tasks shall be suspended until satisfactory conditions are re- established.

(g) For both base and line maintenance where dust or other airborne contamination results in visible surface contamination, all susceptible systems shall be sealed until acceptable conditions are re-established.

(h) Storage facilities for serviceable aircraft components shall be clean, well ventilated and maintained at an even dry temperature to minimise the effects of condensation.

(i) Manufacturer and standards recommendations shall be followed for specific aircraft components.

(j) Storage racks shall provide sufficient support for large aircraft components such that the component is not distorted.

(k) All aircraft components, wherever practicable, shall remain packaged in protective material to minimise damage and corrosion during storage.

APPENDIX 1 TO 6.080 EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, AND MATERIAL

(a) All applicable tools, equipment, and test equipment used for product acceptance and/or for making a finding of airworthiness shall be traceable to the Standards approved by the Authority.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (a), in the case of foreign manufactured tools, equipment, and test equipment, the standard provided by the county of manufacture may be used if approved by the Authority.

(c) Where the manufacturer specifies a particular tool, equipment, or test equipment then that tool, equipment, or test equipment shall be used unless the manufacturer has identified the use of an equivalent.

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(d) Except as provided in paragraph (c), tools, equipment, or test equipment other than that recommended by the manufacturer will be acceptable based on at least the following: (1) The AMO shall have a procedure in the Maintenance Procedure

Manual if it intends to use equivalent tools, equipment, or test equipment other than that recommended by the manufacturer.

(2) The AMO shall have a program to include: (i) A description of the procedures used to establish the

competence of personnel that make the determination of equivalency to tools, equipment, or test equipment.

(ii) Conducting and documenting the comparison made between the specification of the tool, equipment or test equipment recommended by the manufacturer and the equivalent tool, equipment, or test equipment proposed.

(iii) Ensuring that the limitations, parameters, and reliability of the proposed tool, equipment, or test equipment are equivalent to the manufacturer’s recommended tools, equipment, or test equipment.

(iv) Ensuring that the equivalent tool, equipment, or test equipment is capable of performing the appropriate maintenance function, all normal tests, or calibrations, and checking all parameters of the aircraft or aeronautical product undergoing maintenance or calibration.

(3) The AMO shall have full control of the equivalent tool, equipment, or test equipment (i.e. ownership, lease, etc.).

(e) An AMO approved for base maintenance shall have sufficient aircraft access equipment and inspection platforms/docking such that the aircraft may be properly inspected.

(f) The AMO shall have a procedure to inspect/service and, where appropriate, calibrate tools, equipment, and test equipment on a regular basis and indicate to users that an item is within any inspection or service or calibration time limit.

(g) The AMO shall have a procedure if it uses a standard (primary, secondary or transfer standards) for performing calibration, that standard cannot be used to perform maintenance.

(h) A clear system of labelling all tooling, equipment, and test equipment shall be used to give information on when the next inspection or service or calibration is due, and if the item is unserviceable for any other reason where it may not be obvious.

(i) A clear system of labelling all tooling, equipment, and test equipment shall be used to give information on when such tooling, equipment, and test equipment is not used for product acceptance and/or for making a finding of airworthiness.

(j) A register shall be maintained for all calibrated tools, equipment and test equipment together with a record of calibrations and standards used.

(k) Inspection, service, or calibration on a regular basis shall be in accordance with the equipment manufacturers’ instructions except where the AMO can show by results that a different time period is appropriate in a particular case and is acceptable to the Authority.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 6.085 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS

(a) The AMO functions shall be subdivided under individual managers or combined in any number of ways, dependent upon the size of the AMO.

(b) The AMO shall have, dependent upon the extent of approval, the following: (1) A base maintenance manager; (2) A line maintenance manager; (3) A workshop manager and a quality manager, all of whom should

report to the accountable manager. Note: In small AMOs, one or more of the above positions may be combined subject to approval by the Authority.

(c) The Accountable Manager shall be responsible for ensuring that all necessary resources are available to accomplish maintenance required to support the AMO’s approval.

(d) The Base Maintenance Manager shall be responsible for: (1) Ensuring that all maintenance required to be carried out in the

hangar, plus any defect rectification carried out during base maintenance, is carried out to specified design and quality standards; and

(2) Any corrective action resulting from quality compliance monitoring.

(e) The Line Maintenance Manager shall be responsible for: (1) Ensuring that all maintenance required to be carried out on the

line, including line defect rectification, is performed to the required standards; and

(2) Any corrective action resulting from quality compliance monitoring.

(f) The Workshop Manager shall be responsible for: (1) Ensuring that all work on aircraft components is performed to

required standards; and (2) Any corrective action resulting from quality compliance

monitoring. (g) The Quality Manager shall be responsible for:

(1) Monitoring the AMO’s compliance with this Schedule; and (2) Requesting remedial action as necessary by the base

maintenance manager/line maintenance manager/workshop manager or the accountable manager, as appropriate.

(h) The AMO may adopt any title for managerial positions, but shall identify to the Authority the titles and persons chosen to carry out these functions.

(i) Where an AMO chooses to appoint managers for all or any combination of the identified functions because of the size of the undertaking, these managers shall report ultimately through either the Base Maintenance Manager or Line Maintenance Manager or Workshop Manager or Quality Manager, as appropriate, to the accountable manager.

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(j) The managers specified in this subsection shall be identified and their credentials submitted to the Authority. To be accepted, such managers shall have relevant knowledge and satisfactory experience related to aircraft/aircraft component maintenance as appropriate in accordance with these regulations.

Note: Certifying staff may report to any of the managers specified depending upon which type of control the AMO uses (for example-licenced engineers, independent inspection/dual function supervisors, etc.) so long as the quality compliance monitoring staff remain independent.

(k) The AMO shall have a production man-hours plan showing that it has sufficient man-hours for the intended work.

(l) If an AMO is approved for base maintenance, the plan shall relate to the aircraft hangar visit plan.

(m) Man-hour plans shall regularly be updated. Note: Work performed on any aircraft registered outside The Bahamas

should be taken into account where it impacts upon the production man- hours plan.

(n) Quality monitoring compliance function man-hours shall be sufficient to meet the requirement of 6.6.1.2(b).

(o) Planners, mechanics, supervisors and certifying staff shall be assessed for competence by “on the job” evaluation or by examination relevant to their particular role within the AMO before unsupervised work is permitted.

(p) To assist in the assessment of competence, job descriptions are recommended for each position. The assessment shall establish that: (1) Planners are able to interpret maintenance requirements into

maintenance tasks, and have an appreciation that they have no authority to deviate from the aircraft maintenance program.

(2) Mechanics are able to carry out maintenance tasks to any standard specified in the maintenance instructions and will notify supervisors of mistakes requiring rectification to re-establish required maintenance standards.

(3) Supervisors are able to ensure that all required maintenance tasks are carried out and where not done or where it is evident that a particular maintenance task cannot be carried out to the maintenance instructions, then such problems will be reported to and agreed by the quality organization.

(4) Certifying staff are able to determine when the aircraft or aircraft component is and is not ready to return to service.

(q) In the case of planners, supervisors, and certifying staff, knowledge of AMO procedures relevant to their particular role shall be demonstrated.

(r) Training of certifying staff shall be performed by the AMO or by an institute selected by the AMO. In either case, the AMO shall establish the curriculum and standards for training, as well as pre-qualification standards for the personnel intended for training. Pre-qualification standards are intended to insure that the trainee has a reasonable chance of successfully completing any course.

(s) Examinations shall be set at the end of each training course.

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(t) Initial training shall cover: (1) Basic engineering theory relevant to the airframe structure and

systems fitted to the class of aircraft the AMO intends to maintain; (2) Specific information on the actual aircraft type on which the person is

intended to become a certifying person including the impact of repairs and system/structural defects; and

(3) Company procedures relevant to the certifying staff’s tasks. (u) Continuation training should cover changes in AMO procedures and

changes in the standard of aircraft and/or aeronautical products maintained. (v) The training program shall include details of the number of personnel who

will receive initial training to qualify as certifying staff over specified time periods.

(w) The training program established for maintenance personnel and certifying staff by the AMO shall include training in knowledge and skills related to human performance including co-ordination with other maintenance personnel and flight crew.

APPENDIX 1 TO 6.090 RECORDS OF CERTIFYING STAFF

(a) The following minimum information shall be kept on record in respect of each certifying person: (1) Name; (2) Date of birth; (3) Basic training; (4) Type training; (5) Continuation training; (6) Experience; (7) Qualifications relevant to the approval; (8) Scope of the authorization; (9) Date of first issue of the authorization; (10) Expiration date of the authorization (if appropriate); (11) Identification number of the authorization.

(b) Records of certifying staff shall be controlled, but not necessarily run by the AMO’s quality department.

(c) The number of persons authorised to access the system shall be limited to minimise the possibility of records being altered in an unauthorised manner and to limit confidential records from become accessible to unauthorised persons.

(d) A certifying person shall be given reasonable access on request to his or her records.

(e) The Authority is authorised to and may investigate the records system for initial and continued approval, or when the Authority has cause to doubt the competence of a particular certifying person.

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(f) The AMO shall keep the record of a certifying person for at least two years after that person has ceased employment with the AMO or upon withdrawal of his or her authorization. Upon request, the certifying staff shall be furnished with a copy of their record on leaving the AMO.

(g) The authorization document shall be in a style that makes its scope clear to certifying staff and any authorised person that may be required to examine the document. Where codes are used to define scope, an interpretation document shall be readily available.

(h) Certifying staff are not required to carry the authorization document at all times but shall produce it within a reasonable time of a request from an authorised person.

Note: Authorised persons, apart from the AMO’s quality department or maintenance supervisors/managers, include the Authority.

APPENDIX 1 TO 6.095 CONTENTS OF A MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION

PROCEDURES MANUAL (i) The AMO shall provide a Maintenance Procedures Manual for use by the

organization, containing the following information — (1) A general description of the scope of work authorized under the

organization’s operations specifications; (2) A description of the organization’s procedures, acceptable to the

Authority, to ensure good maintenance practices and compliance with all relevant requirements;

(3) A description of the independent quality assurance system to monitor compliance with and adequacy of the procedures (or a system of inspection to ensure that maintenance is properly performed, to include procedures for self-evaluations, including methods and frequency of such evaluations, and procedures for reporting results to the accountable manager for review and action;

(4) A general description of the organization’s facilities; (5) The names and duties of the management person or persons whose

responsibilities included ensuring that the maintenance organization is in compliance with the requirements for an approved maintenance organization, to include an organization chart showing associated chains of responsibility of the management personnel. (The current list of the titles and names of the management personnel accepted by the Authority may be separate from the Procedures Manual but must be kept current and available for review by the Authority when requested);

(6) A description of the procedures used to establish the competence of maintenance personnel;

(7) A description of the method used for the completion and retention of maintenance records to show that all requirements for the signing of a return to service have been met;

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(8) A procedure to establish and maintain a current roster of certifying personnel;

Note: Any list required for the contents of the manual which changes regularly may be separate from the procedures manual but must be kept current and available for review by the Authority when requested. (9) A description of the procedure for preparing the return to service and

the circumstances under which the release is to be signed; (10) The personnel authorized to sign the release and the scope of their

authorization; (11) A description of the additional procedures for complying with an

operator’s maintenance procedures and requirements; (12) A description of the procedures for complying with the service

information reporting requirements of Schedule 5; (13) A description of the procedure for receiving, amending and distributing

within the maintenance organization all necessary airworthiness data from the type certificate holder or type design organization;

(14) A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that the maintenance organization Procedures Manual and any associated manuals define the AMO’s compliance with this regulation and will be complied with at all times;

(15) A list which describes the duties and responsibility of the management personnel and which matters on which they may deal directly with the Authority on behalf of the AMO;

(16) A description of the procedures used to establish the competence of maintenance personnel;

(17) A general description of manpower resources; (18) A description of the method used for the completion and retention of

the maintenance records; (19) A description of the procedure for preparing the return to service and

the circumstances under which the release is to be signed; (20) A general description of the facilities located at each address specified

in the AMO’s approval certificate; (21) The notification procedure for AMO to use when requesting the approval

of changes to the organization of the AMO from the Authority; (22) The amendment procedure for the AMO procedures manual, including

the submission to the Authority; (23) A list of operators, if appropriate, to which the AMO provides an

aircraft maintenance service; (24) A list of organizations performing maintenance on behalf of the

AMO; and (25) The AMO shall specify in the Procedures Manual who should amend

the manual, particularly in the case where the manual consists of several parts.

(26) The maintenance procedures covering all aspects of how aircraft components may be accepted from outside sources and how aircraft will be maintained to the required standard;

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APPENDIX 1 TO 6.120 CERTIFICATION OF RETURN TO SERVICE

(a) A return to service is required for the following: (1) Before flight at the completion of any package of maintenance

scheduled by the approved aircraft maintenance program on the aircraft, whether such maintenance took place as base or line maintenance.

Note: Only in exceptional cases may scheduled maintenance be deferred and then only in accordance with procedures specified in the AMO’s procedures manual. In all cases, the AMO must provide the owner/operator with a list of any uncorrected defects that may exist. (2) Before flight at the completion of any defect rectification, while the

aircraft operates between scheduled maintenance. (3) At the completion of any maintenance on an aircraft component when

off the aircraft. (b) The return to service shall contain the following statement: “Certifies that

the work specified except as otherwise specified was carried out in accordance with current regulations and in respect to that work the aircraft/aircraft component is considered ready for return to service”.

(c) The return to service shall reference the data specified in the manufacturer’s or air carrier operator’s instructions or the aircraft maintenance program which itself may cross-reference to a manufacturer’s instruction in a maintenance manual, service bulletin, etc.

(d) Where instructions include a requirement to insure that a dimension or test figure is within a specific tolerance as opposed to a general tolerance, the dimension or test figure shall be recorded unless the instruction permits the use of GO/NO gauges. It is not normally sufficient to state that the dimension or the test figure is within tolerance.

(e) The date such maintenance was carried out shall include when the maintenance took place relative to any life or overhaul limitation in terms of date/flying hours/cycles/landings, etc., as appropriate.

(f) When extensive maintenance has been carried out, it is acceptable for the return to service to summarise the maintenance as long as there is a cross- reference to the work-pack containing full details of maintenance carried out. Dimensional information shall be retained in the work-pack record.

(g) The person issuing the return to service shall use a full signature and preferably a certification stamp except in the case where a computer return to service system is used. In this latter case, the Authority will need to be satisfied that only the particular person can electronically issue the return to service.

Note: One such method of compliance is the use of a magnetic or optical personal card in conjunction with a personal identity number (PIN) which is keyed into the computer and known only to the individual.

Note: An example of a model return to service is shown below. Not intended to be used as an import or export tag.

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1. The Bahamas

2. CAA FORM 308 Airworthiness Approval Tag Civil Aviation Administration

3. Systems Tracking Ref., No.

4. Organization Name and Address: 5. Work Order, Contract or Invoice Number

6. Item 7. Descrip- tion

8. Part Num- ber

9. Eligibility 10. Quantity

11. Serial/ Batch Number

12. Status/ Work

13. Remarks It is important to understand that the existence of this Document alone does not automatically constitute authority to install the part/component/assembly. Where the user/installer work in accordance with the national regulations of an Airworthiness Authority different than the Airworthiness Authority of the country specified in block 1 it is essential that the user/installer ensures that his/her Airworthiness Authority accepts parts/components/assemblies from the Airworthiness Authority of the country specified in block 1. Statement in block 14 and 19 do not constitute installation certification. In all cases aircraft maintenance records must contain an installation certification issued in accordance with the national regulations by the user/installer before the aircraft may be flown. Limited life parts must be accomplished by maintenance history including total time/total cycles/time since new 14. Return to Service in Accordance with BANR Schedule 5 Certifies that the work specified in block 13 (or attached) above was carried out in accordance with CAA airworthiness regulations and In respect to the work performed the part(s) is (are) approved for return to service. 16. Authorised Signature:

16. Certificate Number: 17. Name (Typed or Printed):

18. Date

CAA AAT (12/00)

LINE-BY-LINE INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETION OF MODEL MO CAA FORM AAT: (a) Block 1. The Bahamas (Pre-printed) (b) Block 2. CAA 308, Airworthiness Approval Tag, and Civil Aviation

Administration. (Pre-printed) (c) Block 3. System Tracking Reference Number.

(1) Fill in the unique number established by the CAA-approved numbering system.

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(2) If the form is computer-generated, it may be produced as programmed by the computer.

Shippers must establish a numbering system for traceability in order to fill out block 3 of the form. This system must also provide a means of cross- referencing the number(s) and product(s) being shipped.

(d) Block 4. Organization. (1) Fill in the full name and address of the CAA-approved organization or

individual shipping the product(s)/part(s) as applicable: (i) Company name and address. (ii) Production Approval Holder (PAH) approval or certificate

numbers, when applicable (e.g., production certificate number, approved maintenance organization certificate numbers, air operator certificate number).

(2) When a supplier has direct ship authorization from a PAH, the following information should be entered:

(i) PAH name and address. (ii) PAH approval or certificate number. (iii) c/o Supplier name and address. NOTE: If an individual product/part is produced as a spare by a supplier,

the supplier must have either direct ship authority or hold a production approval (PMA/TSO authorization) for all products/parts shipped. If the supplier holds its own production approval, and the products/parts were manufactured and are being shipped under that approval, the information required in paragraph (1) above should be listed.

(e) Block 5. Work Order, Contract, or Invoice Number (1) Fill in the contract, work order, or invoice number related to the

shipment list, or return to service, and state the number of pages attached to the form, including dates, if applicable. If the shipment list contains the information required in Blocks 6 through 12, the respective blocks may be left blank if an original, or true copy, of the list is attached to the form. In this case, the following statement should be entered in Block 13: “This is the certification statement for the products/parts listed on the attached document dated _______, containing pages ______ through ________.”

(2) In addition, the shipment list must cross-reference the number located in Block 3. The shipment list may contain more than one item; but it is the responsibility of the shipper to determine if the CAA of the importing jurisdiction will accept bulk shipments under a single Model CAA Form [AAT]. If the CAA does not permit bulk shipments under a single form, Blocks 6 through 12 of each form must be filled in for each product shipped.

(f) Block 6. Item. When Model CAA Form AAT is issued a single item number or multiple item numbers may be used for the same part number. Multiple items should be numbered in sequence. If a separate listing is used, enter “List Attached”.

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NOTE: The blank form can be computer-generated. However, the format cannot be changed, nor can any words be added or deleted. Pre-printing of some information is permissible, i.e.; the information in blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 14, and 19. The size of blocks may be varied slightly, but the form must remain readily recognisable. The form may also be reduced in overall size to facilitate placement of the wording on the back of the form onto the face of the document.

(g) Block 7. Description. Enter the name or description of the product/part as shown on the design data. For products/parts that do not have design data available, the name as referenced in a part catalog, overhaul manual, etc., can be used.

(h) Block 8. Part Number. Enter each part number of the product. (i) Block 9. Eligibility. State the aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller make and

model on which the PMA part is eligible for installation. If a part is eligible for installation on more than one model enter the words “to be verified by installer or TBV by installer”. Where parts are TSO articles, state “TSO Article N/A” since eligibility for installation for TSO articles is determined at the time of installation. NOTE: For TSO articles CAA Model Form [AAT] does not constitute authority to install a product on a particular aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller. The user or installer is responsible for confirming that the product is eligible for installation by reference to overhaul manuals, service bulletins, etc., as applicable. While the information in Block 9 is optional, it should be filled out whenever possible. When using CAA Model Form [AAT] for CONFORMITY of certification program products, enter N/A.

(j) Block 10. Quantity. State the quantity of each product/part shipped. NOTE: If a PAH or their inventory facilities require a Form 8130-3 for individual products/parts of a later date, the procedures in paragraph 8c of this order should be used.

(k) Block 11. Serial/Batch Number. State the serial number or equivalent (identified on the part) on the form for each product/part shipped. If a serial number or equivalent is not required on the part, enter “N/A”.

(l) Block 12. Status/work. Enter “Newly Overhauled” for those products that have not been operated or placed in service since overhaul. Enter “PROTOTYPE” for products/parts submitted to support type certification programs. Other permissible/appropriate terms to describe the status of the product/part are: “INSPECTED”, “REPAIRED”, “REBUILT”, or “ALTERED”.

(m) Block 13. Remarks. Enter any information or references to support documentation necessary for the user or installer to make a final determination of airworthiness of the products/parts listed in Block 7. Each statement must specify which item identified in Block 6 is related. Examples of information to be supplied are as follows: (1) Any restrictions (e.g., prototype only). (2) Alternative approved part number. (3) Compliance or non-compliance with airworthiness directives or

service bulletins. (4) Information on life-limited parts.

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(5) Manufacturing, cure, or shelf-life data. (6) Drawing and revision level. (7) When used for conformity the word “CONFORMITY” must be

entered in capital letters. In addition, an explanation of the products/parts use, e.g., pending approved data, TC pending, for test only, etc., should be provided. Information concerning a conformity inspection such as design data, revision level, date, project number, should also be provided.

(8) When used for spare parts identify whether the parts are PMA, TSO authorised. In addition, if the CAA Model Form [AAT] is for spare parts or sub components of an CAA approved modification or replacement part, the PMA or TSO authorization should be listed in Block 13.

(9) When used for return to service this block should contain the data required by Schedule. If other documents such as work orders or travellers, CAA Model Form in accordance with Model regulation IS 6.4.1.8, Return to Service Form, are used by the certificate holders to comply with Schedule 5, they should be specifically referenced in this block and be cross-referenced.

(n) Block 14. Return to Service. The information is already pre-printed in the block.

(o) Block 16. Signature. Signature of the individual authorised by the air agency, air carrier, or the manufacturer in accordance with 6.6.1.5 (a)(2), (3), and (4). The approval signature shall be manually applied at the time and place of issuance.

(p) Block 16. Certificate number. Enter the air agency or air carrier operating certificate number. For manufacturers returning to service after rebuilding products/parts the production approval number should be entered.

(q) Block 17. Name. The typed or printed name of the individual identified in Block 20.

(r) Block 18. Date. The date the Model CAA Form [AAT] is signed and the product are returned to service. This does not need to be the same as the shipping date, which may occur at a later date.

APPENDIX 1 TO 6.130 AIRWORTHINESS DATA

(a) The AMO shall be in receipt of all airworthiness data appropriate to support the work performed from the Authority, the aircraft/aeronautical product design organization, and any other approved design organization in the State of Manufacture or State of Design, as appropriate. Some examples of maintenance-related documents are: (1) Civil Aviation Regulations; (2) Associated advisory material; (3) Airworthiness directives; (4) Manufacturers’ maintenance manuals; (5) Repair manuals; (6) Supplementary structural inspection documents; (7) Service bulletins;

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(8) Service letters; (9) Service instructions; (10) Modification leaflets; (11) Aircraft maintenance program; (12) NDT Manual, etc. Note: Paragraph (a) primarily refers to maintenance data that has been transcribed from the Authority and all Type Certificate (TC) holders into the AMO’s format, such as customised maintenance cards or computer base data. Note: To obtain acceptance from the Authority, it is important that accuracy of transcription is assured.

(b) A procedure shall be established to monitor the amendment status of all data and maintain a check that all amendments are being received by being a subscriber to any document amendment scheme.

(c) Airworthiness data shall be made available in the work area in close proximity to the aircraft or aeronautical product being maintained and for supervisors, mechanics, and certifying staff to study.

(d) Where computer systems are used to maintain airworthiness data, the number of computer terminals shall be sufficient in relation to the size of the work program to enable easy access, unless the computer system can produce paper copies. Where microfilm or microfiche readers/printers are used, a similar requirement is applicable.

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SCHEDULE 7 REQUIRED INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT

SUBPART A: GENERAL 7.001 Applicability 7.005 Definitions (Reserved) 7.010 Acronyms 7.015 General Instrument and Equipment Requirements SUBPART B: AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT 7.020 Power Supply, Distribution, and Indication System 7.025 Engine Instruments — All Flights 7.030 Flight Instruments — All Flights 7.035 Flight Instruments — IFR and Controlled Flight 7.040 Instruments for Operations Requiring Two Pilots 7.045 Standby Altitude Indicator — Commercial Air Transport 7.050 System Requirements for IFR 7.055 AutoPilot 7.060 IFR Helicopter Stabilization System for Commercial Air Transport 7.065 Equipment for Night Flights 7.067 Equipment for Special Altimetry Accuracy (RVSM) 7.070 Windshield Wipers 7.075 Flight in Icing Conditions 7.080 Weather Radar — Commercial Air Transport 7.085 Special Seaplane Equipment SUBPART C: COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT 7.095 Radio Communication Equipment — General 7.100 Radio Communication Equipment — Commercial Air Transport 7.105 Boom Microphone — Commercial Air Transport 7.110 Altitude Reporting Transponder 7.115 Navigation Equipment — General 7.120 Special Navigation Accuracy (RNP and MNPS) 7.125 Navigation Equipment — IFR Approach SUBPART D: WARNING EQUIPMENT AND INDICATORS 7.130 Warning Systems — General 7.135 Landing Gear Aural Warning Device 7.140 Altitude Alerting System 7.145 Ground Proximity Warning System 7.150 Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) 7.155 Forward Looking Wind Shear Warning System — TurboJet Aircraft 7.160 Radiation Indicator — Commercial Air Transport SUBPART E: RECORDERS 7.165 Flight Data and Voice Recorders — General 7.170 Flight Deck Voice Recorders 7.175 Flight Data Recorders

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SUBPART F: CREW PROTECTION EQUIPMENT 7.178 Security of the Flight Deck 7.180 Flight Crew Safety Harness 7.181 Quick Donning Type Oxygen Mask 7.182 Cabin Crew Seats and Safety Harness 7.183 Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE) SUBPART G: PASSENGER RELATED EQUIPMENT 7.185 Passenger Seats and Seat Belts 7.190 Passenger Information 7.195 Public Address System 7.200 Interphone Systems 7.205 Megaphones — Commercial Air Transport 7.210 Emergency Exits 7.215 Passenger Compartment And Exits 7.220 Materials for Cabin Interiors 7.225 Materials for Cargo and Baggage Compartments 7.230 Emergency Lighting System SUBPART H: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT 7.235 Emergency Equipment: All Aircraft 7.240 First Aid Kit 7.245 Medical Kit — Commercial Air Transport 7.250 Portable Fire Extinguishers 7.255 Lavatory Fire Extinguisher 7.260 Lavatory Smoke Detector 7.265 Crash Axe — Commercial Air Transport 7.270 Oxygen Storage and Dispensing Apparatus 7.273 Individual Flotation Devices 7.275 Life Rafts 7.280 Survival Kit 7.285 Devices for Emergency Signaling 7.290 Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) 7.295 Helicopter Emergency Flotation Means 7.300 Marking of Break-In Points 7.305 First-Aid Oxygen Dispensing Units

APPENDICES Appendix 1 to 7.175: Parameters for Flight Deck Recorders Appendix 1 to 7.210: Emergency Exit Equipment Appendix 1 to 7.270: Supplemental Oxygen — Non-Pressurized Aircraft Appendix 2 to 7.270: Supplemental Oxygen — Pressurized Aircraft

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SUBPART A GENERAL

7.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This section outlines the instruments and equipment requirements that pertain

to all domestic and international flight operations of Bahamian-registered aircraft and all aircraft operated in commercial air transport by the holder of an Air Operator Certificate issued by The Bahamas.

7.005 DEFINITIONS (RESERVED) 7.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in this Schedule:

(1) AOC — Air Operator Certificate (2) DME — Distance Measuring Equipment (3) ELT — Emergency Locator Transmitter (4) ILS — Instrument Landing System (5) IFR — Instrument Flight Rules (6) IMC — Instrument Meteorological Conditions (7) MEL — Minimum Equipment List (8) MNPS — Minimal Navigation Performance Specifications (9) PBE — Protective Breathing Equipment (10) RVSM — Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (11) SSR — Secondary Surveillance Radar (12) VFR — Visual Flight Rules (13) VMC — Visual Conditions (14) VOR — VHF Omnidirectional Range

7.015 GENERAL INSTRUMENT AND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS (a) All aircraft shall be equipped with instruments which will enable the flight crew

to — (1) Control the flight path of the aircraft; (2) Carry out any required manoeuvres; and (3) Observe the operating limitations of the aircraft in the expected

operating conditions. (b) In addition to the minimum equipment for the issuance of a certificate of

airworthiness, the land instruments and equipment prescribed in this Schedule shall be installed or carried, as appropriate, in aircraft according to the aircraft used and to the circumstances under which the flight is to be conducted.

(c) All required instruments and equipment shall be approved and installed in accordance with applicable airworthiness requirements.

(d) Prior to operation in The Bahamas of any aircraft not registered in The Bahamas that uses an airworthiness inspection program approved or accepted by the State of Registry, the owner/operator shall ensure that instruments and

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equipment required by The Bahamas but not installed in the aircraft are properly installed and inspected in accordance with the requirements of the State of Registry.

(e) No flight shall be allowed to commence unless the required equipment — (1) Meets the minimum performance standard and the operational and

airworthiness requirements of all relevant standards, including Annex 10, Volume I of the International Civil Aviation Organization;

(2) Is installed such that the failure of any single unit required for either communication or navigation purposes, or both, will not result in the inability to communicate and/or navigate safely on the route being flown; and

(3) Is in operable condition for the kind of operation being conducted, except as provided in the MEL.

(f) If equipment is to be used by one flight crew member at his station during flight, it shall be installed so as to be readily operable from his or her station.

(g) When a single item of equipment is required to be operated by more than one flight crew member, it shall be installed so that the equipment is readily operable from any station at which the equipment is required to be operated.

(h) The aircraft shall be equipment with spare fuses and bulbs of appropriate ratings for the replacement of those accessible in flight. There shall be three spares for each specific rating and type of fuses and bulbs.

SUBPART B AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT

7.020 POWER SUPPLY, DISTRIBUTION, AND INDICATION SYSTEM (a) No person may operate an aeroplane unless it is equipped with —

(1) A power supply and distribution system that meets the airworthiness requirements for certification of an aeroplane in the applicable category, as specified by the Authority; or

(2) For large and turbine powered aircraft, a power supply and distribution system that is able to produce and distribute the load for the required instruments and equipment, with use of an external power supply if any one power source or component of the power distribution system fails. Note: The use of common elements in the power system may be approved if the Authority finds that they are designed to be reasonably protected against malfunctioning.

(3) A means for indicating the adequacy of the power being supplied to required flight instruments.

(b) For large and turbine powered aircraft, engine-driven sources of energy, when used, shall be on separate engines.

7.025 ENGINE INSTRUMENTS — ALL FLIGHTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft in flight unless it is equipped with —

(1) A tachometer for each engine;

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(2) An oil pressure gauge for each engine using pressure system; (3) A temperature gauge for each liquid-cooled system; (4) An oil temperature gauge for each air-cooled system; (5) A manifold pressure gauge for each altitude engine; and (6) A means for indicating the fuel quantity in each tank to be used.

(b) For commercial air transport, no person may operate a reciprocating engine aircraft with a maximum gross weight of more than 5700 kg max takeoff mass unless it also is equipped with —

(1) A device for each reversible propeller, in indicate to the pilot when the propeller is in reverse pitch: (i) The device may be actuated at any point in the reversing cycle between

the normal low pitch stop position and full reverse pitch, but it may not give an indication at or above the normal low pitch stop position.

(ii) The source of indication shall be actuated by the propeller blade angle or be directly responsive to it.

(2) A carburettor air temperature indicator for each engine; (3) A cylinder head temperature indicator for each air-cooled engine; (4) A fuel pressure indicator for each engine; (5) A fuel flow meter and oil quantity indicator for each oil-tank when a

transfer or separate oil reserve supply is used; (6) An oil-in temperature indicator for each engine; (7) An independent fuel pressure warning device for each engine or a master

warning device for all engines with a means for isolating the individual warning circuits from the master warning device.

(c) The Authority may allow or require different instrumentation for turbine engine powered aircraft to provide an equivalent level of safety.

7.030 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS — ALL FLIGHTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft in flight unless it is equipped with —

(1) A magnetic compass; (2) An accurate clock indicating the time in hours, minutes and seconds; (3) A sensitive pressure altimeter calibrated in feet with sub-scale settings,

calibrated in hectopascals or millibars, adjustable for any barometric pressure likely to be set in flight; and

(4) An airspeed indicator calibrated in knots. (b) No person may operate an aeroplane with speed limitations expressed in terms

of Mach number unless there is a properly installed Mach number indicator. (c) Those flight instruments that are used by any one pilot shall be so arranged as

to permit that pilot to see the indications readily from their station, with the minimum practical deviation from the position and line of vision normally assumed when looking forward along the flight path.

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(d) When a means is provided for transferring an instrument from its primary operating system to an alternative system, the means shall include a positive positioning control and shall be marked to indicate clearly which system is being used.

7.035 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS — IFR AND CONTROLLED FLIGHT (a) No person may operate an aircraft in IFR or controlled flight unless it is

equipped with — (1) A gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator; (2) A slip-skid indicator; (3) An altitude indicator (artificial horizon); (4) A heading indicator (directional gyroscope); (5) Exception: The requirements of (2), (3) and (4) may be met by combinations

of instruments or integrated flight director systems provided that the safeguards against total failure in three separate instruments are retained;

(6) A vertical speed indicator; (7) For commercial air transport. A minimum of two sensitive pressure

altimeters with counter drum-pointer or equivalent presentation; (8) Exception: Commercial air transport single pilot operations in propeller

driven aircraft of less than 5700 kg max takeoff mass only require one sensitive pressure altimeter.

7.040 INSTRUMENTS FOR OPERATIONS REQUIRING TWO PILOTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft in operations requiring two pilots unless

each pilot’s station has the following flight instruments: (1) An airspeed indicator; (2) A sensitive press altimeter; (3) A vertical speed indicator; (4) A turn and slip indicator (or turn co-ordinator); (5) An altitude indicator; and (6) A stabilized direction indicator.

(b) The second-in-command’s flight instruments shall meet the same requirements for markings, indications and illumination as those required for the pilot-in- command.

7.045 STANDBY ALTITUDE INDICATOR — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT

(a) No person may operate the following aircraft in commercial air transport unless they are equipped with a standby altitude indicator: (1) An aircraft having a maximum certificated takeoff mass of more than 5700

kg; or (2) An aircraft having a maximum approved passenger configuration of more

than 9 passengers.

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(b) This standby altitude indicator shall — (1) Operate independently of any other altitude indicating system; (2) Be powered continuously during normal operation; (3) After a total failure of the normal electrical generating system, be

powered for a minimum of 30 minutes from a source independent of the normal electrical system; and

(4) Have an indication clearly evident to the flight crew when the emergency power source is being used.

(c) If this standby altitude indicator is usable through flight attitudes of 360 degrees of pitch and roll, it may be used as basis for not having a rate-of-turn gyroscopic instrument.

(d) Where the standby altitude indicator has its own dedicated power supply there shall be an associated indication, either on the instrument or on the instrument pane when this supply is in use.

7.050 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR IFR (a) No person may operate an aircraft in IFR without —

(1) An airspeed indicating system with a heated pilot tube or equivalent means of preventing malfunctions due to either condensation or icing;

(2) For commercial air transport: Two independent static pressure systems: (i) Exception: Propeller driven aircraft of less than 5700 kg max

takeoff mass may have one static pressure system which includes an alternate static source;

(3) A means of indicating whether the power supply to the gyroscopic instruments is adequate;

(4) A means of indicating in the flight crew compartment the outside air temperature; and

(5) An adequate source of electrical energy for all installed electrical and radio equipment, that for commercial air transport shall include — (i) For multi-engine aircraft, at least two generators or alternators each of

which is on a separate engine, of which any combination of one-half of the total number are rated sufficiently to supply the electrical loads of all required instruments and equipment necessary for safe emergency operation of the aircraft except that for multi-engine helicopters, the two required generators may be mounted on the main rotor drive train; and

(ii) Two independent sources of energy (with means of selecting either) of which at least one is an engine-driven pump or generator, each of which is able to drive all required gyroscopic instruments powered by, or to be powered by, that particular source and installed so that failure of one instrument or source, does not interfere with the energy supply to the remaining instruments or the other energy source unless, for single- engine aircraft in all cargo operations only, the rate of turn indicator has a source of energy separate from the bank and pitch and direction indicators.

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For the purpose of this paragraph, for multi-engine aircraft, each engine- driven source of energy must be on a different engine. For the purpose of this paragraph, a continuous inflight electrical load includes one that draws current continuously during flight, such as radio equipment, electrically driven instruments, and lights, but does not include occasional intermittent loads.

7.055 AUTOPILOT (a) No person may operate an aircraft above FL 290 unless that aircraft is equipped

with an autopilot capable of automatically maintaining a selected flight level. (b) No person may operate an aircraft in airspace for which minimum navigation

performance specifications are prescribed unless that aircraft is equipped with an autopilot capable of receiving and automatically tracking the selected navigational equipment inputs.

(c) For commercial air transport: No person may operate an aeroplane with a single pilot under IFR unless that aeroplane is equipped with an autopilot with at least altitude hold and heading mode.

7.060 IFR HELICOPTER STABILIZATION SYSTEM FOR COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT

(a) No person may operate a helicopter in IFR commercial air transport operations without a stabilization system, unless that helicopter was certificated by the State of Manufacture as having adequate stability without such a system.

7.065 EQUIPMENT FOR NIGHT FLIGHTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft at night unless it is also equipped with

properly installed — (1) Aircraft navigation lights; (2) An anti-collision beacon; (3) A landing light [for helicopter operations, one landing light shall be

trainable in the vertical plane]; (4) Illumination for all instruments and equipment that are essential for the

safe operation of the aircraft by the flight crew; and (5) For commercial air transport operations —

(iii) Lights in all passenger compartments; (iv) A flashlight at each crew member station; and (v) Two landing lights.

Note: Aeroplanes which are equipped with a single landing light having two separately energized filaments will be in compliance with the two landing light requirement.

7.067 EQUIPMENT FOR SPECIAL ALTIMETRY ACCURACY (RVSM) (a) No person may operate an aircraft in RVSM airspace unless the aircraft is

equipped with: (1) Two independent altitude reporting systems; (2) An altitude alerting systems; (3) An automatic altitude holding system; and

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(4) A transponder with altitude reporting capability which can be connected to altitude holding system.

7.070 WINDSHIELD WIPERS (a) No person may operate an aircraft with a maximum certificated takeoff mass of

more than 5700 kg unless it is equipped at each pilot station with a windshield wiper or equivalent means to clear a portion of the windshield during precipitation.

7.075 FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS (a) No person may operate an aircraft in icing conditions unless it is equipped with

suitable anti-icing or de-icing devices adequate for flight in the conditions that are reported to exist or are expected to be encountered.

(b) The anti-icing or de-icing equipment shall provide for prevention or removal of ice on windshield, wings, empennage, propellers and other parts of the airplane where ice formation will adversely affect the safety of the aircraft.

(c) No person may operate an airplane in expected or actual icing conditions at night unless it is equipped with a means to illuminate or detect the formation of ice. This illumination must be of a type that will not cause glare or reflections that would handicap crew members in the performance of their duties.

7.080 WEATHER RADAR — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT

(a) No person may operate an airplane having a maximum approved passenger seating of more than nine seats in commercial air transport unless it has an approved weather radar or thunderstorm detection device installed.

(b) No person may operate an airplane having a maximum certificated takeoff mass of more than 5700 kg in commercial air transport unless it has an approved weather radar installed.

(c) No person may begin a commercial air transport passenger flight under IFR or night VFR, when current weather reports indicate that thunderstorms or other potentially hazardous conditions than could be detected by the installed weather radar or thunderstorm detection device may reasonably be expected along the route, unless that equipment is operating satisfactorily.

(d) If the weather radar or thunderstorm detection device becomes inoperative on a commercial air transport passenger aircraft en route, the aircraft must be operated under the instructions and procedures specified in the AOC holder’s Operations Manual.

(e) An alternate electrical power supply is not required for the weather radar or thunderstorm detection device.

7.085 SPECIAL SEAPLANE EQUIPMENT (a) No person may operate a seaplane unless it is equipped with —

(1) An anchor; (2) A sea anchor (drogue), to assist in manoeuvring; and (3) An air horn for making the sound signals prescribed in the International

Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. Note: “Seaplanes” includes amphibians operated as seaplanes.

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SUBPART C COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT

7.095 RADIO COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT — GENERAL (a) No person may operate an aircraft that is not equipped with radio

communications equipment — (1) In controlled flight; (2) Under instrument flight rules; or (3) At night.

(b) The installed radio communications equipment shall be capable of conducting two-way radio communication — (1) With the appropriate air traffic control service; (2) On the assigned frequencies; and (3) On the aeronautical emergency frequency 121.5 Megahertz.

(c) Aircraft operated under instrument flight rules will have two independent methods of receiving communications from air traffic service.

(d) When more than one radio communications unit is required for the flight operation, each unit shall be independent of the other or others to the extent that a failure in any one will not result in failure of any other.

(e) No person may operate an aircraft in IFR operations requiring two pilots unless it is equipped with an audio selector panel accessible to both pilots.

(f) Each person operating an aircraft that does not have the required radio communication equipment shall obtain prior permission before operating in airspace requiring such equipment.

7.100 RADIO COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT

(a) No person may operate an aircraft in commercial air transport unless equipped with two independent radio communications equipment installations which, for the route and airspace flown, are capable of conducting two-way radio communication at any time during flight with — (1) At least one aeronautical station; and (2) Any other aeronautical stations and frequencies which may prescribed by

the appropriate authority. (b) No person may operate an aircraft in commercial air transport unless equipped

with radio communications equipment capable of receiving meteorological information at any time during the flight.

7.105 BOOM MICROPHONE — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT (a) No person may operate an aircraft in commercial air transport unless there is a

boom or throat microphone available at each required flight crew member duty station.

(b) No person may operate an aircraft with a single pilot under IFR or at night in commercial air transport unless that aircraft is equipped with a headset with boom microphone or equivalent and a transmit button on the control wheel.

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7.110 ALTITUDE REPORTING TRANSPONDER (a) No person may operate an aircraft in airspace which requires a pressure altitude

reporting transponder unless that equipment is operative. (b) No person may operate an aircraft at altitudes above FL 290 unless it is

equipped with a system which is automatically reporting pressure altitudes. (c) For commercial air transport: No person may operate an aircraft in commercial

air transport unless is equipped with a pressure-altitude reporting transponder which operates in accordance with the requirements of the appropriate air traffic service requirements.

7.115 NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT — GENERAL (a) No person may operate an aircraft unless it is equipped with navigation

equipment which will enable it to proceed in accordance with — (1) The flight plan; (2) Prescribed RNP (required navigational performance) types; and (3) The requirements of air traffic services.

(b) Navigation under visual flight rules (VFR) may be accomplished without navigation equipment by visual reference to landmarks, if not precluded by the appropriate authority for the route and airspace.

(c) No person may operate an aircraft unless that aircraft is equipped with sufficient navigation equipment to ensure that, in the event of failure of one item of equipment at any stage of the flight, the remaining equipment will enable the aircraft to continue navigating in accordance with the requirements of this Article.

(d) Each radio navigation system shall have an independent antenna installation, except that, where rigidly supported non-wire antenna installations of equivalent reliability are used, only one antenna is required.

7.120 SPECIAL NAVIGATION ACCURACY (RNP AND MNPS) (a) For flights in defined portions of airspace where minimum navigation

performance specifications or required navigation performance (RNP) are prescribed, the navigational equipment shall continuously provide indications to the flight crew of the adherence to or departure from track to the required degree of accuracy at any point along that track.

(b) No person may operate an aircraft where MNPS are prescribed, unless it is equipped with: (1) For unrestricted operations, two independent long range navigation

systems; or (2) For notified special routes, one long range navigation system.

(c) The navigation equipment required for operations in MNPS airspace shall be visible and usable by either pilot seated at their duty stations.

7.125 NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT — IFR APPROACH (a) No person may operate an aircraft in situations which would require a

landing approach to an airport in instrument meteorological conditions unless that aircraft is equipped with the appropriate radio equipment required to accomplish the published instrument approach for the planned destination and alternate airports.

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(b) The navigation equipment installed on the aircraft will be capable of receiving signals providing guidance to a point from which a visual landing can be effected.

SUBPART D WARNING EQUIPMENT AND INDICATORS

7.130 WARNING SYSTEMS — GENERAL (a) No person may operate a turbojet aircraft unless it is equipped with an installed

aural mach overspeed warning. (b) Pressurized aeroplanes intended to be operate at flight altitudes at which the

atmospheric pressure is less than 376 hPa (25,000 ft) shall be equipped with a device to provide positive warning to the flight crew of any dangerous loss of pressurization.

(c) No person may operate an aircraft of more than 5700 kg certificated takeoff mass in commercial air transport without a means of indicating pitot heater failure.

7.135 LANDING GEAR AURAL WARNING DEVICE (a) No person may operate an aircraft with retractable landing gear unless it is

equipped with an aural warning device that functions continuously anytime the landing gear is not fully extended and locked and the wing-flap setting exceeds the position — (1) Specified in the AFM for maximum certificated approach climb configura-

tion; or (2) Where landing gear extension is normally performed.

(b) This warning system — (1) May not have a manual shutoff; (2) Must be in addition to the any throttle-actuated device; and (3) May utilize any part of the throttle-actuated device.

7.140 ALTITUDE ALERTING SYSTEM (a) No person may operate the following aircraft unless it is equipped with an

altitude alerting system: (1) A turbojet powered airplane; or (2) A turbine powered airplane —

(i) Having a maximum approved passenger seating of more than nine seats; or

(ii) With a certificated takeoff mass of more than 5700 kg. (b) The altitude alerting system will be capable of alerting the flight crew —

(1) Upon approaching a pre-selected altitude in either ascent or descent; and (2) By at least an aural signal, when deviating above or below a pre-selected

altitude. (c) The threshold for the alert shall not exceed plus or minus 90 m (300 ft).

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7.145 GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM (a) No person may operate turbine powered aircraft unless they are equipped with a

ground proximity warning system, if the aircraft has a maximum — (1) Approved passenger seating of more than nine seats; or (2) Certificated takeoff mass of more than 5700 kg. Note: In anticipation of changing international safety standards, the Authority recommends that all piston engine powered aeroplanes fitting this weight or passenger carrying description should also install a GPWS>

(b) The ground proximity warning system must automatically provide by means of aural signals, which may be supplemented by visual signals, timely and distinctive warning to the flight crew of: (1) excessive descent rate; (2) excessive terrain closure rate; (3) excessive altitude loss after takeoff or go-around; (4) unsafe terrain clearance while not in landing configuration:

(i) gear not locked down; (ii) flaps not in landing position; and

(5) excessive descent below the instrument glide path.

7.150 AIRBORNE COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (ACAS) Note: In anticipation of changing international safety standards, the Authority recommends that all commercial air transport passenger aircraft be equipped with an ACAS.

(a) After 1 January 2003, no person may operate a turbine engine aeroplane with a maximum certificated takeoff mass in excess of 5700 kg or authorized to carry more than 30 passengers, unless it is equipped with an ACAS.

(b) After 1 January 2005, no person may operate a turbine engine aeroplane authorized to carry more than 19 passengers, unless it is equipped with an ACAS.

7.155 FORWARD LOOKING WIND SHEAR WARNING SYSTEM — TURBOJET AIRCRAFT

Note: In anticipation of changing international safety standards, the Authority recommends that commercial air transport turbojet aircraft with a passenger seating capacity of more than nine passengers be equipped with a forward looking wind shear warning system.

(a) This system should be capable of providing the pilot with an aural and visual warning of wind shear ahead of the aircraft and the information required to permit the pilot to safely commence and continue a missed approach or go- around or to execute an escape manoeuvre if necessary.

(b) This system should also provide an indication to the pilot when the limits specified for the certification of automatic landing equipment are being approached, when such equipment is in use.

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7.160 RADIATION INDICATOR — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT (a) No person may operate an aeroplane above 15,000 m (49,000 ft) unless that

aircraft is equipped with equipment to measure and indicate continuously — (1) The dose rate of total cosmic radiation being received (i.e. the total of

ionizing and neutron radiation of galactic and solar origin; and (2) The cumulative dose on each flight.

(b) The display unit of the radiation equipment shall be readily visible to a flight crew member.

SUBPART E RECORDERS

7.165 FLIGHT DATA AND VOICE RECORDERS — GENERAL (a) The flight recorders shall be constructed, located and installed so as to provide

maximum practical protection for the recorders in order that the recorded information may be preserved, recovered and transcribed. To facilitate location and identification in case of an accident, the cockpit voice recorder shall — (1) Be constructed, located and installed so as to provide maximum practical

protection for the recordings in order that the recorded information may be preserved, recovered and transcribed;

(2) Be either bright orange or bright yellow; (3) Have reflective tape affixed to the external surface to facilitate its location

under water; and (4) Have an approved underwater locating device on or adjacent to the

recorder, which is secured in such a manner that it is not likely to be separated during a crash impact.

(b) Flight recorders shall — (1) Be calibrated as required by the Authority; and (2) Meet the prescribed crashworthiness and fire protection specifications.

(c) Flight recorders shall record in a digital mode. (d) An aircraft required to have both CVR and FDR may alternatively be equipped

with — (1) A single combination (CVR/FDR) recorder, for aircraft with a maximum

certificated takeoff mass of 5700 kg or less; or (2) Two combination (CVR/FDR) recorders, for aircraft with a maximum

certificated takeoff mass of more than 5700 kg. 7.170 FLIGHT DECK VOICE RECORDERS (a) No person may operate the following aircraft unless it is equipped with a voice

recorder system to record the aural environment of the flight deck during flight time: (1) All aircraft with a maximum certificated takeoff mass of more than 27,000

kg.

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(2) A turbine powered airplane operated in commercial air transport — (i) Having a maximum approved passenger seating of more than nine

seats; or (ii) With a certificated takeoff mass of more than 5,700 kg.

(3) A helicopter operated in commercial air transport with a certificated takeoff mass of over —

(i) 7,000 kg; or (ii) For international commercial air transport: 2,700 kg.

Note: In anticipation of changing international requirements, the Authority recommends that all AOC holders of turbine aircraft with maximum certificated takeoff mass of 5700 kg or less install a voice recorder.

(b) The flight deck voice recorder shall be capable of retaining the information recorded during at least the last 30 minutes. Note: In anticipation of changing international requirements, the Authority recommends that all voice recorders be capable of retaining the information recorded during at least the last 2 hours.

(c) If an aircraft is equipped to utilize digital communications with ATS, those communications shall be recorded on either the flight deck voice or flight data recorder. [If recorded on the flight data recorder, the digital communications shall be readily correlatable to the cockpit voice recorder recording.]

7.175 FLIGHT DATA RECORDERS (a) No person may operate the following aircraft unless it is equipped with the

appropriate flight data recorder system to record the flight parameters for accident and incident analysis: (1) All aeroplanes with a maximum certificated takeoff mass of over 27,000 kg

shall have at least a Type II flight data recorder. (2) Turbine engine aeroplanes operated in commercial air transport with a

certificated takeoff mass of more than 5,700 kg shall have a Type I or Type II flight data recorder.

Note: In anticipation of changing international safety standards, the Authority recommends that turbine engine aeroplanes operated in commercial air transport with a certificated takeoff mass of 5700 kg or less should install a Type I or Type II flight data recorder. (3) All helicopters operated in commercial air transport with a certificated

takeoff mass of over 7,000 kg shall have at least a Type IV flight data recorder.

(b) The Authority will prescribe the minimum parameters which shall be recorded by a flight data recorder. See Appendix 1 to 7.175 for the parameters that must be monitored by a Type I and Type II FDR.

(c) Flight data recorders shall be capable of retaining the information recorded during at least the last — (1) Type I and II — 25 hours of operation.

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(2) Type IIA — 30 minutes of operation. (3) Type IV and V — 10 hours of operations.

(d) The use of engraving metal foil flight data recorders shall be discontinued by 1 January 1995.

SUBPART F CREW PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

7.178 SECURITY OF THE FLIGHT DECK (a) No person may operate an aircraft having a maximum seating capacity of more

than 19 passengers unless there is installed a lockable door to restrict entry to the flight deck.

(b) This door shall be lockable from within the flight deck only. 7.180 FLIGHT CREW SAFETY HARNESS (a) No person may operate an aircraft unless there is an operational safety harness

installed for each required flight crew member. (b) The safety harness shall incorporate a device that will automatically restrain the

occupant’s torso in the event of a rapid deceleration. (c) The Authority recommends that this safety harness should incorporate a device

to prevent a suddenly incapacitated pilot from interfering with the flight controls.

7.181 QUICK DONNING TYPE OXYGEN MASK (a) No person may operate a pressurized aircraft at altitudes above 25,000 feet

unless there is available at each flight crew duty station a quick donning type of oxygen mask which will readily supply oxygen upon demand.

7.182 CABIN CREW SEATS AND SAFETY HARNESS (a) No person may operate an aircraft for which a cabin attendant(s) is required

unless each seat provided is — (1) Forward or rearward facing (within 15 degrees of the longitudinal axis of

the aircraft; and (2) Fitted with a safety harness.

(b) Each seat shall be located at floor level in the passenger compartment and adjacent to the emergency exits as prescribed by the Authority to facilitate emergency evacuation.

7.183 PROTECTIVE BREATHING EQUIPMENT (PBE) (a) No person may operate the following aircraft in commercial air transport, unless

it is equipped with a PBE to protect the eyes, nose and mouth of all required crew members and provide oxygen or breathing gas for a period not less than 15 minutes: (1) An aircraft with a maximum certified takeoff mass of more than 5,700 kg; or (2) An aircraft with a maximum seating capacity of more than 19 seats.

(b) This equipment shall be conveniently located and easily accessible from each required duty station.

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(c) The PBE for each cabin attendant shall be portable. (d) The PBE, while in use, shall not prevent required communication. (e) For cargo aircraft, a PBE shall not be located in the cargo compartment, but

immediately prior to entry into that compartment, and near a required fire extinguisher.

SUBPART G PASSENGER RELATED EQUIPMENT

7.185 PASSENGER SEATS AND SEAT BELTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers unless it is equipped

with — (1) An approved seat or berth for each occupant on board who has reached

their second birthday; and (2) A seat belt for each seat and a restraining belt for each berth.

7.190 PASSENGER INFORMATION (a) No person shall operate an aircraft having an approved passenger seating

configuration of more than 9 passengers unless it is equipped with at least one passenger information sign notifying when — (1) Safety belts should be fastened; and (2) Smoking is prohibited.

(b) These signs shall be so constructed that a crew member can turn them on and off from a duty station.

(c) There shall be sufficient signs located in the passenger cabin so that, when illuminated, they will be legible to each passenger under all probable conditions of cabin illumination.

7.195 PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM (a) No person may operate an aircraft with a maximum approved seating

configuration of more than 19 passengers unless it is equipped with a public address system.

(b) This public address system shall — (1) Be audible and intelligible at all passenger seats, toilets and cabin crew duty

and work stations; (2) Be capable of operation within 10 seconds by any required crew member; (3) Be accessible by at least one seated crew member at each separate or pair of

floor level emergency exits; 7.200 INTERPHONE SYSTEMS (a) No person may operate an aircraft on which a flight crew of more than one is

required unless it is equipped with a flight deck interphone system, including headsets and microphones, which provides audible and intelligible communica- tions between the required crew members.

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(b) No person may operate an aircraft having a maximum approved passenger seating configuration of more than 19 passengers unless it is equipped with a crew member interphone system which provides for signaling and two-way communications between all required crew members.

(c) This crew member interphone system required by 7.200(b) shall — (1) Be capable of operation independently of the public address system; (2) Be capable of operation within 10 seconds by any required crew member,

including those at remote work stations; (3) Be accessible by at least one seated crew member at each separate or pair of

floor level emergency exits; (4) Have a signaling capability which provides for differentiation between

normal and emergency calls; and (5) Provide, on the ground, a means of two-way communication between

ground personnel and at least two flight crew members. 7.205 MEGAPHONES — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT (a) No person may operate an aircraft carrying more than 59 passengers in

commercial air transport unless it is equipped with the required number of battery-powered megaphones readily accessible to the crew members assigned to direct emergency evacuation.

(b) The required number and location of megaphones are — (1) For an aircraft with a seating capacity of 60 to 99 passengers — one

megaphone at the most rearward location readily accessible to a cabin attendant duty station.

(2) For an aircraft with more than 99 passengers — an additional megaphone installed at the forward end of the passenger compartment.

7.210 EMERGENCY EXITS (a) No person may operate an aircraft carrying passengers unless it has adequate

emergency exit provisions for emergency evacuations and ditching. (b) Each passenger-carrying emergency exit (other than over-the-wing) that is more

than 6 feet from the ground with the airplane on the ground and the landing gear extended, shall have an approved means to assist the occupants in descending to the ground.

(c) Each passenger emergency exit, its means of access and its means of opening shall be conspicuously marked both inside and outside.

(d) The location of each passenger emergency exit shall be indicated by a sign visible to occupants approaching along the main passenger aisle.

(e) Each passenger carrying airplane shall be equipped with a slip-resistant escape route that meets the requirements under which that airplane was type- certificated.

(f) Each passenger carrying airplane that is required to have cabin attendant(s) shall have flashlight stowage provisions accessible from their duty stations. See Appendix 1 to 8.1.7.6 for specific requirements regarding these standards.

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7.215 PASSENGER COMPARTMENT AND EXITS (a) No person may conduct any passenger-carrying operation unless it has —

(1) A key for each door that separates a passenger compartment from another compartment that has emergency exit provisions;

Note: The key shall be readily available for each crew member. (2) A means for the crew, in an emergency, to unlock each door that leads to

a compartment that is normally accessible to passengers and that can be locked by passengers; and

(3) A placard on each door used to access a required passenger emergency exit, indicating that such door shall be open during takeoff and landing.

7.220 MATERIALS FOR CABIN INTERIORS (a) Upon the first major overhaul of an aeroplane cabin or refurbishing of the cabin

interior, all materials in each compartment used by the crew or passengers that do not meet the current airworthiness requirements pertaining to materials used in the interior of the cabin for type certification in the transport category as cited by the Authority, shall be replaced with materials that meet the requirements specified by the Authority.

(b) Seat cushions, except those on flight crew member seats, in any compartment occupied by crew or passengers shall meet requirements pertaining to fire protection as specified by the Authority.

7.225 MATERIALS FOR CARGO AND BAGGAGE COMPARTMENTS

(a) Each Class C or D cargo compartment greater than 200 cubic feet in volume in a transport category aeroplane type certified after January 1, 1958 shall have ceiling and sidewall liner panels which are constructed of — (1) Glass fibre reinforced resin; (2) Materials which meet the test requirements for flame resistance of cargo

compartment liners as prescribed for type certification; or (3) In the case of installations approved prior to March 20, 1989, aluminium. Note: The term “liner” includes any design feature, such as a joint or fastener, which would affect the capability of the liner to safely contain fire.

7.230 EMERGENCY LIGHTING SYSTEM (a) No person may operate an aircraft with a maximum approved passenger

configuration of more than nineteen passengers unless it is equipped with an emergency lighting system that is independent of the main lighting system.

(b) The emergency light system must: (1) Illuminate each passenger exit marking and locating sign; (2) Provide enough general lighting in the passenger cabin; and (3) Include floor proximity emergency escape path marking.

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SUBPART H EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT

7.235 EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT: ALL AIRCRAFT (a) Each item of emergency and flotation equipment shall be —

(1) Readily accessible to the crew and, with regard to equipment located in the passenger compartment, to passengers without appreciable time for preparatory procedures;

(2) Clearly identified and clearly marked to indicate its method of operation; (3) Marked as to date of last inspection; and (4) Marked as to contents when carried in a compartment or container.

7.240 FIRST AID KIT (a) No person may operate an aircraft unless it is equipped with at least the

minimum number of accessible first aid kits and contents specified as follows:

Number of passenger seats installed

Number of first-aid kits required

0 to 99 1 100 to 199 2 200 to 299 3

300 and more 4

(b) The installed first aid kit shall contain the minimum contents specified by the Authority.

7.245 MEDICAL KIT — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT (a) No person may operate an aircraft authorized to carry more than 250 passengers

unless it has a properly installed medical kit for the use of the medical doctors or other qualified persons in treating in-flight medical emergencies.

(b) The installed medical kit shall contain the minimum contents specified by the Authority.

7.250 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS (a) No person may operate an aircraft unless it has the minimum number of portable

fire extinguishers of a type which, when discharged, will not cause dangerous contamination of the air within the aeroplane. The type and quantity of extinguishing agent shall be suitable for the kinds of fires likely to occur in the compartment where the extinguisher is intended to be used. Note: For passenger compartments, the extinguisher shall be designed to minimise the hazard of toxic gas concentrations.

(b) The minimum number of portable fire extinguishers shall not be less than — (1) One properly installed in the pilot’s compartment; and

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(2) At least one portable fire extinguisher shall be provided and conveniently located for use in each Class E cargo compartment which is accessible to crew members during flight, and at least one shall be located in each upper and lower lobe galley;

(3) One properly installed in each passenger compartment that is separate from the pilot’s compartment and that is not readily accessible to the flight crew;

Note: Any portable fire extinguisher so fitted in accordance with the certificate of airworthiness of a helicopter may count as one of the required extinguishers. (4) At least one portable fire extinguisher shall be conveniently located in the

passenger compartment of aeroplanes having a passenger seating capacity of 30 or less. For each aeroplane having a passenger seating capacity of more than 30, there shall be at least the following number of portable fire extinguishers conveniently located and uniformly distributed throughout the compartment.

Minimum Number of Hand Fire Extinguishers Passenger Seating Capacity

30 through 60 2 61 through 200 3

201 through 300 4 301 through 400 5 401 through 500 6 501 through 600 7

601 or more 8 7.255 LAVATORY FIRE EXTINGUISHER (a) No person may operate an passenger carrying aircraft of more than 5700 kg

maximum certificated takeoff mass unless each lavatory is equipped with a built- in fire extinguisher for the wastepaper disposal.

(b) This built-in fire extinguisher must be designed to discharge automatically into each disposal receptacle upon occurrence of a fire in the receptacle.

7.260 LAVATORY SMOKE DETECTOR (a) No person may operate a passenger carrying aircraft of more than 5700 kg

maximum certificated takeoff mass unless each lavatory in the airplane is equipped with a smoke detector system that provides — (1) a warning light in the flight deck; or (2) a warning light or audio warning in the passenger cabin, taking into account

the position of the cabin attendants during various phases of flight. 7.265 CRASH AXE — COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT (a) No person may operate an aircraft with a maximum certificated takeoff mass of

more than 5700 kg unless it is equipped with a crash axe appropriate for effective use in that aircraft.

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7.270 OXYGEN STORAGE AND DISPENSING APPARATUS (a) All aircraft intended to be operated at altitudes requiring the use of

supplemental oxygen shall be equipped with adequate oxygen storage and dispensing apparatus.

(b) The oxygen apparatus, the minimum rate of oxygen flow, and the supply of oxygen shall meet applicable airworthiness standards for type certification in the transport category as specified by the Authority.

(c) No AOC holder may operate an aeroplane at altitudes above 10,000 feet unless it is equipped with oxygen masks, located so as to be within the immediate reach of flight crew members while at their assigned duty station.

(d) No person may operate a pressurized aeroplane at altitudes above 25,000 feet unless: (1) Flight crew member oxygen masks are of a quick donning type; (2) Sufficient spare outlets and masks and/or sufficient portable oxygen units

with masks are distributed evenly throughout the cabin to ensure immediate availability of oxygen to each required cabin crew member regardless of his location at the time of cabin pressurisation failure

(3) An oxygen-dispensing unit connected to oxygen supply terminals is installed so as to be immediately available to each occupant, wherever seated. The total number of dispensing units and outlets shall exceed the number of seats by at least 10%. The extra units are to be evenly distributed throughout the cabin.

(e) The amount of supplemental oxygen for sustenance required for a particular operation shall be determined on the basis of flight altitudes and flight duration, consistent with the operating procedures established for each operation in the Operations Manual and with the routes to be flown, and with the emergency procedures specified in the Operations Manual. See Appendix 1 and Appendix 2 to 7.270 to determine the amount of supplemental oxygen needed for non-pressurized and pressurized aircraft.

7.273 INDIVIDUAL FLOTATION DEVICES (a) No person shall operate an aircraft on flights over water unless it is equipped

with one life jacket or equivalent individual flotation device for each person on board.

(b) All life jackets or equivalent individual flotation devices shall be stowed in a position easily accessible from the seat or berth of the person for whose use it is provided.

(c) For all flights in which a survival raft is required, each individual flotation devices shall be fitted with an approved survivor locator light.

7.275 LIFE RAFTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft in extended over water operations unless it is

equipped with life rafts in sufficient number to accommodate all of the persons on board in the event of ditching when the flight is more than — (1) 120 minutes at cruising speed or 400 nautical miles, whichever is lesser, for

airplanes capable of continuing the flight to an airport with the critical power unit(s) becoming inoperative at any point along the route or planned diversions;

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(2) 30 minutes at cruising speed or 100 nautical miles, whichever is lesser, for all other airplanes.

(b) For commercial air transport passenger carrying operations in aircraft of more than 5700 kg, the buoyancy and seating capacity of the rafts must accommodate all occupants of the aircraft in the event of a loss of one raft of the largest rated capacity.

(c) The required life rafts and associated equipment must be easily accessible in the event of ditching without appreciable time for preparatory procedures. This equipment must be installed in conspicuously marked, approved locations.

(d) Life rafts which are not deployable by remote control and which have a mass of more than 40 kg shall be equipped with some means of mechanically assisted deployment.

7.280 SURVIVAL KIT (a) No person may operate an aircraft over designated land areas where search and

rescue would be especially difficult without carrying life saving equipment including means of sustaining life.

(b) No person may operate over water at distances which require the carriage of life rafts unless each raft is equipped with life saving equipment including means of sustaining life.

(c) The survival kit shall contain the minimum contents specified by the Authority. 7.285 DEVICES FOR EMERGENCY SIGNALING (a) No person may operate an aircraft over designated land areas where search

and rescue would be especially difficult without carrying devices to make the necessary ground-to-air emergency signals to facilitate rescue.

(b) No person may operate over water at distance which require the carriage of life rafts unless each raft contains the equipment for make the necessary pyrotechnical distress signals.

(c) The devices for emergency signaling shall be acceptable to the Authority. 7.290 EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT) (a) All aircraft on all flights shall be equipped with an automatically activated ELT. (b) No person may operate an aircraft over designated land areas where search and

rescue would be especially difficult unless it is equipped with at least one survival type ELT.

(c) No person may operate an aircraft over water at distances which require the carriage of life rafts unless it is equipped with an survival type ELT for the life raft. In situations requiring two or more life rafts, only two survival type ELTs are required to be carried on the aircraft.

(d) Batteries used in ELT’s shall be replaced (or recharged if the battery is rechargeable) when — (1) The transmitter has been in use for more than one cumulative hour; or (2) 50 percent of their useful life (or for rechargeable batteries, 50 percent of

their useful life of charge) has expired; (3) The expiration date for a replacement or recharged ELT battery shall be

legibly marked on the outside of the transmitter.

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Note: The battery useful life (or useful life of charge) requirements do not apply to batteries (such as water-activated batteries) that are essentially unaffected during probable storage intervals.

7.295 HELICOPTER EMERGENCY FLOTATION MEANS (a) No person may operate a helicopter intentionally over water unless it has a

properly installed permanent or rapidly deployable means of floatation to ensure a safe ditching of the helicopter when the flight is — (1) more than 10 minutes from shore, in the case of helicopters capable of

sustained flight with one engine inoperative; or (2) beyond autorotational or gliding distance to shore, in the case of single-

engine helicopters. 7.300 MARKING OF BREAK-IN POINTS (a) No person may operate an aircraft for which areas of the fuselage suitable

for break-in by rescue in an emergency are marked unless those markings correspond to the following figure and meet the following requirements — (1) The color of the markings shall be red or yellow, and if necessary, they shall

be outlined in white to contrast with the background; and (2) If the corner markings are more than 2 m apart, intermediate lines 9 cm x

3 cm shall be inserted so that there is no more than 2 m between adjacent markings.

Note: This regulation does not require any aircraft to have break-in areas.

7.305 FIRST-AID OXYGEN DISPENSING UNITS (a) No AOC holder may conduct a passenger carrying operation in a pressurized

aeroplane at altitudes above 25,000 feet, when a cabin crew member is required to be carried, unless it is equipped with — (1) Undiluted first-aid oxygen for passengers who, for physiological reasons,

may require oxygen following a cabin depressurisation; and (2) A sufficient number of dispensing units, but in no case less than two, with a

means for cabin crew to use the supply. (b) The amount of first-aid oxygen required in paragraph (a) for a particular

operation and route shall be determined on the basis of — (1) Flight duration after cabin depressurisation at cabin altitudes of more than

8,000 feet;

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(2) An average flow rate of at least 3 litres Standard Temperature Pressure Dry/minute/person; and

(3) At least 2% of the passengers carried, but in no case for less than one person.

APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 TO 7.175

PARAMETERS FOR FLIGHT DECK RECORDERS This table lists the parameters that should be recorded in a type II or type I FDR Serial # Parameter

1 Time (UTC when available, otherwise elapsed time) 2 Pressure altitude 3 Indicated airspeed 4 Heading 5 Normal acceleration 6 Pitch attitude 7 Roll attitude 8 Radio transmission keying 9 Power on each engine 10 Trailing edge flap or flight deck control selection position 11 Leading edge flap position 12 Thrust reverser position 13 Ground spoiler or speed brake selection position 14 Outside air temperature 15 Autopilot/auto throttle/AFCS mode Note: The preceeding 15 parameters satisfy the requirements for Type

II FDR 16 Longitudinal acceleration 17 Lateral acceleration 18 Pilot input and/or control surface position-primary controls (pitch,

roll, yaw) 19 Pitch trim position 20 Radio altitude 21 Glide path deviation 22 Localizer deviation 23 Marker beacon passage 24 Master warning 25 Nav 1 and 2 frequency

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26 DME 1 and 2 distance 27 Landing gear squat switch status 28 GPWS (ground proximity warning system) 29 Angle of attack 30 Hydraulics, each system (low pressure) 31 Navigation data (latitude, longitude, ground speed and drift angle 32 Landing gear or gear selector position Note: The preceding 32 parameters satisfy the requirements for a Type

I FDR

APPENDIX 1 TO 7.210 EMERGENCY EXIT EQUIPMENT

(a) The assisting means for a floor level emergency exit shall meet the requirements under which the aeroplane was type certified.

(b) The location of each passenger emergency exit shall be — (1) Recognisable from a distance equal to the width of the cabin. (2) Indicated by a sign visible to occupants approaching along the main

passenger aisle. (c) There shall be an emergency exit locating sign —

(1) Above the aisle near each over-the-wing passenger emergency exit, or at another ceiling location if it is more practical because of low headroom;

(2) Next to each floor level passenger emergency exit, except that one sign may serve two such exits if they both can be seen readily from that sign; and

(3) On each bulkhead or divider that prevents fore and aft vision along the passenger cabin, to indicate emergency exits beyond and obscured by it, except that if this is not possible, the sign may be placed at another appropriate location.

(d) Each passenger emergency exit marking and each locating sign shall be manufactured to meet the interior emergency exit marking requirements under which the aeroplane was type certified, unless the Authority cites different requirements for compliance with this paragraph. Note: No sign may continue to be used if its luminescence (brightness) decreases to below 250 microlamberts.

(e) Sources of general cabin illumination may be common to both the emergency and the main lighting systems if the power supply to the emergency light system is independent of the power supply to the main lighting system.

(f) The emergency lighting system shall provide enough general lighting in the passenger cabin so that the average illumination, when measured at 40-inch intervals at seat armrest height, on the centreline of the main passenger aisle, is at least 0.05 foot-candles.

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(g) Each emergency light shall — (1) Be operable manually both from the light crew station and from a point in

the passenger compartment that is readily accessible to a normal flight attendant seat;

(2) Have a means to prevent inadvertent operation of the manual controls; and (3) When armed or turned on at either station, remain lighted or become lighted

upon interruption of the aeroplane’s normal electric power; (4) Provide the required level of illumination for at least 10 minutes at the

critical ambient conditions after emergency landing; (5) Have a cockpit control device that has an “on”, “off”, and “armed”

position. (h) The location of each passenger emergency exit operating handle and instructions

for opening the exit shall be shown in accordance with the requirements under which the aeroplane was type certified, unless the Authority cites different requirements for compliance with this paragraph.

(i) No operating handle or operating handle cover may continue to be used if its luminescence (brightness) decreases to below 100 microlamberts.

(j) Access to emergency exits shall be provided as follows for each passenger carrying aeroplane: (1) Each passageway between individual passenger areas, or leading to a Type I

or Type II emergency exit, shall be unobstructed and at least 20 inches wide. (2) There shall be enough space next to each Type I or Type II emergency exit

to allow a crew member to assist in the evacuation of passengers without reducing the unobstructed width of the passageway below that required in paragraph (1) of this section.

(3) Then shall be access from the main aisle to each Type III and Type IV exit. The access from the aisle to these exits shall not be obstructed by seats, berths, or other protrusions in a manner that would reduce the effectiveness of the exit. In addition, the access shall meet the emergency exit access requirements under which the aeroplane was type certificated, unless the Authority cites different requirements for compliance with this paragraph.

(4) If it is necessary to pass through a passageway between passenger compartments to reach any required emergency exit from any seat in the passenger cabin, the passageway shall not be obstructed. However, curtains may be used if they allow free entry through the passageway.

(5) No door may be installed in any partition between passenger compartments. (6) If it is necessary to pass through a doorway separating the passenger cabin

from other areas to reach any required emergency exit from any passenger seat, the door shall have a means to latch it in open position, and the door shall be latched open during each takeoff and landing. The latching means shall be able to withstand the loads imposed upon it when the door is subjected to the ultimate inertia forces, relative to the surrounding structure, prescribed in the airworthiness standards for type certification in the transport category as cited by the Authority.

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(k) Each passenger emergency exit and the means of opening that exit from the outside shall be marked on the outside of the aeroplane with a 2-inch coloured band outlining the exit on the side of the fuselage.

(l) Each passenger emergency exit marking, including the band, shall be readily distinguishable from the surrounding fuselage area by contrast in colour and shall comply with the following: (1) If the reflectance of the darker colour is 15 percent or less, the reflectance of

the lighter colour shall be at least 45 percent. (2) If the reflectance of the darker colour is greater than 15 percent, at least a 30

percent difference between its reflectance and the reflectance of the lighter colour shall be provided. Note: “Reflectance” is the ratio of the luminous flux reflected by a body to the luminous flux it receives.

(3) Exits that are not in the side of the fuselage shall have external means of opening and applicable instructions marked conspicuously in red or, if red is inconspicuous against the background colour, in bright chrome yellow and, when the opening means for such an exit is located on only one side of the fuselage, a conspicuous marking to that effect shall be provided on the other side.

(m) Each passenger-carrying aeroplane shall be equipped with exterior lighting that meets the requirements under which that aeroplane was type certificated, unless the Authority cites different requirement for compliance with this paragraph.

(n) Each passenger-carrying aeroplane shall be equipped with a slip-resistant escape route that meets the requirements under which that aeroplane was type certificated, unless the Authority cites different requirements for compliance with this paragraph.

(o) Each floor level door or exit in the side of the fuselage (other than those leading into a cargo or baggage compartment that is not accessible from the passenger cabin) that is 44 or more inches high and 20 or more inches wide, but not wider than 46 inches, each passenger ventral exit and each tail cone exit, shall meet the requirements of this section for floor level emergency exits. Note: The Authority may grant a deviation from this paragraph if he finds that circumstances make full compliance impractical and that an acceptable level of safety has been achieved.

(p) Approved emergency exits in the passenger compartments that are in excess of the minimum number of required emergency exits shall meet all of the applicable provisions of this subsection section and shall be readily accessible.

(q) On each large passenger-carrying turbojet powered aeroplane each ventral exit and tail cone exit shall be — (1) Designed and constructed so that it cannot be opened during flight; and (2) Marked with a placard readable from a distance of 30 inches and installed

at a conspicuous location near the means of opening the exit, stating that the exit has been designed and constructed so that it cannot be opened during flight.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 7.270 SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN — NON-PRESSURIZED

AIRCRAFT (r) The supplemental oxygen supply requirements for non-pressurized aircraft are

as follows: (1) Flight crew members. Each member of the flight crew on flight deck duty

shall be supplied with supplemental oxygen in accordance with Table 1. If all occupants of flight deck seats are supplied from the flight crew source of oxygen supply then they shall be considered as flight crew members on flight deck duty for the purpose of oxygen supply.

(2) Cabin crew members, additional crew members and passengers. Cabin crew members and passengers shall be supplied with oxygen in accordance with Table 1. Cabin crew members carried in addition to the minimum number of cabin crew members required, and additional crew members, shall be considered as passengers for the purpose of oxygen supply.

Table 1 — Supplemental Oxygen for Non-Pressurized Aeroplanes (a) (b) SUPPLY FOR: DURATION AND PRESSURE

ALTITUDE 1. All occupants of flight deck seats on flight deck duty

Entire flight time at pressure altitudes above 10,000 feet

2. All required cabin crew members Entire flight time at pressure altitudes above 13,000 ft and for any period exceeding 30 minutes at pressure altitudes above 10,000 ft but not exceeding 13,000 ft

3. 100% of passengers Entire flight time at pressure altitudes above 13,000 ft

7. 10% of passengers Entire flight time after 30 minutes at pressure altitudes greater than 10,000 ft but not exceeding 13,000 ft

APPENDIX 2 TO 7.270

SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN — PRESSURIZED AIRCRAFT (a) The supplemental oxygen supply requirements for pressurized aircraft are as

follows: (1) The amount of supplemental oxygen required shall be determined on the

basis of cabin pressure altitude, flight duration and the assumption that a cabin pressurisation failure will occur at the altitude or point of flight that is most critical from the standpoint of oxygen need, and that, after the failure, the aeroplane will descend in accordance with emergency procedures specified in the Aeroplane Flight Manual to a safe altitude for the route to be flown that will allow continued safe flight and landing.

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(2) Following a cabin pressurisation failure, the cabin pressure altitude shall be considered the same as the aeroplane altitude, unless it is demonstrated to the Authority that no probable failure of the cabin or pressurisation system will result in a cabin pressure altitude equal to the aeroplane altitude. Under these circumstances, this lower cabin pressure altitude may be used as a basis for determination of oxygen supply.

(3) Flight crew members. (i) Each member of the flight crew on flight deck duty shall be supplied

with supplemental oxygen in accordance with Table 2. If all occupants of flight deck seats are supplied from the flight crew source of oxygen supply then they shall be considered as flight crew members on flight deck duty for the purpose of oxygen supply. Flight deck seat occupants, not supplied by the flight crew source, are to be considered as passengers for the purpose of oxygen supply.

(4) Cabin crew members, additional crew members, and passengers. (i) Cabin crew members and passengers shall be supplied with

supplemental oxygen in accordance with Table 2. Cabin crew members carried in addition to the minimum number of cabin crew members required, and additional crew members, shall be considered as passengers for the purpose of oxygen supply.

(ii) The oxygen supply requirements, as specified in Table 2, for aeroplanes not certificated to fly at altitudes above 25,000 ft, may be reduced to the entire flight time between 10,000 ft and 14,000 ft cabin pressure altitudes for all required cabin crew members and for at least 10% of the passengers if, at all points along the route to be flown, the aeroplane is able to descend safely within 4 minutes to a cabin pressure altitude of 14,000 ft.

Table 2 — Requirements for Supplemental Oxygen — Pressurized Aeroplane During and Following Emergency Descent (Note 1) SUPPLY FOR: DURATION AND CABIN PRESSURE

ALTITUDE 1. All occupants of flight deck seats on flight deck duty flight

Entire flight time when the cabin pressure altitude exceeds 13,000 and entire time when the cabin pressure altitude exceeds 10,000 ft but does not exceed 13,000 ft after the first 30 minutes at those altitudes, but in no case less than:

(i) 30 minutes for aeroplanes certificated to fly at altitudes not exceeding 25,000 ft (Note 2).

(ii) 2 hours for aeroplanes certificated to fly at altitudes more than 25,000 ft (Note 3).

2. All required cabin crew members Entire flight time when cabin pressure altitude exceeds 13,000 ft but not less than 30 minutes (Note 2), and entire flight time when cabin pressure altitude is greater than 10,000 ft but does not exceed 13,000 ft after the first 30 minutes at these altitudes.

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SUPPLY FOR: DURATION AND CABIN PRESSURE ALTITUDE

3. 100% of passengers 10 minutes or the entire flight time when the cabin pressure altitude exceeds 15,000 ft whichever is the greater (Note 4).

7. 30% of passengers Entire flight time when the cabin pressure altitude exceeds 14,000 ft but does not exceed 15,000 ft.

5. 10% of passengers Entire flight time when the cabin pressure altitude exceeds 10,000 ft but does not exceed 14,000 ft after the first 30 minutes at these altitudes.

Note 1: The supply provided shall take account of the cabin pressure altitude and descent profile for the routes concerned. Note 2: The required minimum supply is that quantity of oxygen necessary for a constant rate of descent from the aeroplane’s maximum certificated operating altitude to 10,000 ft in 10 minutes and followed by 20 minutes of 10,000 ft. Note 3: The required minimum supply is that quantity of oxygen necessary for a constant rate of descent from the aeroplane’s maximum certificated operating altitude to 10,000 ft in 10 minutes and followed by 110 minutes at 10,000 ft. The oxygen required to meet the Crew Protective Breathing Equipment provisions of this Part may be included in determining the supply required. Note 4: The required minimum supply is that quantity of oxygen necessary for a constant rate of descent from the aeroplane’s maximum certificated operating attitude to 15,000 ft.

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SCHEDULE 8

PERSONNEL LICENSING SUBPART A: GENERAL LICENSING REQUIREMENTS

Section I: General 8.001 Applicability 8.005 Definitions 8.010 Acronyms Section II: Licences, Ratings, and Authorisations 8.015 Applicability 8.020 Licences Issued 8.025 Ratings Issued 8.030 Authorisations Issued 8.035 Duration of Licences, Ratings, and Authorisations 8.040 Temporary Licence or Rating 8.045 General Requirements: Personnel Licences, Ratings, and

Authorisations Section III: Validation of Foreign and Military Licences and Ratings 8.050 Private Pilot Licence and Ratings Issued on the Basis of a

Foreign Pilot Licence 8.055 Military Pilots or Former Military Pilots: Special Rules Section IV: General Testing and Training Requirements 8.060 Tests: General Procedure 8.065 Knowledge Test: Prerequisites and Passing Grades 8.070 Practical Tests: Prerequisites 8.075 Practical Tests: General Procedures 8.080 Practical Tests: Required Aircraft and Equipment 8.085 Retesting after Failure 8.090 Records of Training Time 8.095 Flight Training Received from Flight Instructors not

Licenced by the Authority 8.100 Limitations on the Use of Flight Simulators and Flight

Training Devices 8.105 Graduates of a Training Programme Approved under Other

Parts: Special Rules SUBPART B: CERTIFICATION: FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS Section I: Aircraft Ratings and Pilot Authorisations 8.110 General Requirement 8.115 Instrument Rating Requirements 8.120 Category Rating 8.125 Class Rating 8.130 Type Rating 8.135 Category II and III Pilot Authorisation Requirements 8.140 Special Purpose Pilot Authorisation: a Person who is not a

Citizen of The Bahamas

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Section II: Student Pilots 8.145 Applicability 8.150 Eligibility Requirements for Student Pilots 8.155 Application 8.160 Solo Requirements for Student Pilots 8.165 General Limitations 8.170 Solo Cross-Country Flight Requirements Section III: Private Pilots 8.175 Applicability 8.180 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.185 Aeronautical Knowledge 8.190 Flight Proficiency 8.195 Aeronautical Experience 8.200 Cross-Country Flights: Pilots Based on Small Islands 8.205 Private Pilot Privileges and Limitations: Required Crew Member 8.210 Private Pilot with Balloon Rating: Limitations Section IV: Commercial Pilots 8.215 Applicability 8.220 Eligibility requirements: General 8.225 Commercial Pilot: Aeronautical Knowledge Requirements 8.230 Commercial Pilot: Flight Proficiency Requirements 8.235 Commercial Pilot: Aeronautical Experience 8.240 Commercial Pilot Privileges and Limitations Section V: Airline Transport Pilots 8.245 Applicability 8.250 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.255 Aeronautical Knowledge 8.260 Flight Proficiency 8.265 Aeronautical Experience: Aeroplane Category Rating 8.270 Aeronautical Experience: Rotorcraft Category and Helicopter Class

Rating 8.275 Aeronautical Experience: Powered-Lift Flight Time 8.280 Additional Aircraft Category, Class, and Type Ratings 8.285 Airline Transport Pilot Privileges Section VI: Flight Instructors 8.290 Applicability 8.295 Eligibility Requirements 8.300 Aeronautical Knowledge 8.305 Flight Instructor: Areas of Operation for Flight Proficiency 8.310 Flight Instructor Records 8.315 Additional Flight Instructor Ratings 8.320 Flight Instructor Privileges 8.325 Flight Instructor Limitations and Qualifications 8.330 Renewal of Flight Instructor Licences 8.335 Expired Flight Instructor Licences and Ratings

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Section VII: Flight Engineers 8.340 Applicability 8.345 Licences and Ratings Required 8.350 Special Purpose Flight Engineer Licence: a Person not a

Citizen of The Bahamas 8.355 Eligibility Requirements — General 8.360 Additional Aircraft Ratings 8.365 Knowledge Requirements 8.370 Aeronautical Experience Requirements 8.375 Skill Requirements 8.380 Flight Engineer Licence Issued on Basis of a Foreign Flight

Engineer Licence SUBPART C: LICENSING: AIRMEN OTHER THAN FLIGHT CREW-

MEMBERS 8.385 Applicability Section l: Ground Instructors 8.390 Applicability 8.395 Eligibility Requirements 8.400 Ground Instructor Privileges 8.405 Currency Requirements Section ll: Flight Operations Officers 8.410 Applicability 8.415 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.420 Knowledge Requirements 8.425 Experience or Training Requirements 8.430 Skill Requirements Section III: Aviation Maintenance Technicians 8.435 Applicability 8.440 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.445 Ratings 8.450 Aircraft Rating: Knowledge Requirements 8.455 Experience Requirements 8.460 Skill Requirements 8.465 ATO Students 8.470 AMT Privileges and Limitations 8.475 Recent Experience Requirements Section IV: Inspection Authorisations 8.480 Applicability 8.485 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.490 Inspection Authorisation: Duration 8.495 Renewal of Authorisation 8.500 Privileges and Limitations Section V: Aviation Repair Specialists 8.505 Applicability 8.510 Aviation Repair Specialist Licences: Eligibility 8.515 Ratings

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8.520 Aviation Repair Specialist Licences: Privileges And Limitations 8.525 Aviation Repair Specialist Licence: Experimental Aircraft

Builder — Eligibility, Privileges and Limitations 8.530 Aviation Repair Specialist Licences: Experimental Aircraft

Builder — Ratings Section VI: Parachute Riggers 8.535 Applicability 8.540 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.545 Licence Required 8.550 Senior Parachute Rigger Licence: Experience, Knowledge,

and Skill Requirements 8.555 Master Parachute Rigger Licence: Experience, Knowledge,

and Skill Requirements 8.560 Type Ratings 8.565 Additional Type Ratings: Requirements 8.570 Privileges 8.575 Facilities and Equipment 8.580 Performance Standards 8.585 Records 8.590 Seal Section VI: Air Traffic Controllers 8.595 Applicability 8.600 Required Licences, and Rating or Qualification 8.605 Eligibility Requirements: General 8.610 Knowledge Requirements 8.615 Skill Requirements: Operating Positions 8.620 Practical Experience Requirements: Facility Rating 8.625 Skill Requirements: Facility Ratings 8.630 Privileges and Limitations 8.635 Maximum Hours 8.640 Currency Requirements SUBPART D: MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION Section I: General 8.645 Applicability 8.650 Medical Records 8.655 Aviation Medical Examiner: Definition and Authority 8.660 Delegation of Authority Section II: Medical Certification Procedures 8.665 Applicability 8.670 Issuance of Medical Certificate 8.675 Medical Certificate Requirements 8.680 Duration of a Medical Certificate 8.685 Special Issuance of Medical Certificate 8.690 Renewal of Medical Certificate 8.695 Denial of Medical Certificate

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Section III: Physical and Mental Standards — All Medical Certificates 8.700 Applicability 8.705 General Medical Requirements 8.710 Mental Standards 8.715 Visual Requirements 8.720 Auditory Requirements 8.725 Cardiovascular 8.730 Neurological Requirements 8.735 Other Disqualifying Physical Conditions Section IV: Class 1 Medical Certificate 8.740 Applicability 8.745 Eligibility 8.750 Additional Visual Requirements 8.755 Additional Auditory Requirements 8.760 Additional Cardiovascular Requirements Section V: Class 2 Medical Certificate 8.765 Applicability 8.770 Eligibility 8.775 Additional Visual Requirements 8.780 Additional Auditory Requirements

APPENDICES Appendix 1 to 8.045: General Pilot Training Requirements Appendix 1 to 8.055: Military Pilots or Former Military Pilots: Special Rules Appendix 1 to 8.070: Prerequisites for Practical Tests Appendix 1 to 8.080: Practical Tests: Required Aircraft, Simulation, and Equipment Appendix 1 to 8.090: Records of Training Time Appendix 1 to 8.100: Use of an Approved Flight Simulator or an Approved Flight

Training Device Appendix 1 to 8.115: Instrument Rating Requirements Appendix 1 to 8.135: Additional Requirements for Category II and Category III Pilot

Authorisations Appendix 1 to 8.140: Special Purpose Pilot Authorisation: Operation of Civil Aircraft

Registered by the Authority Leased by a Person who is not a Citizen of The Bahamas

Appendix 1 to 8.160: Manoeuvres and Procedures for Pre-Solo Flight Training Appendix 1 to 8.170: Manoeuvres and Procedures for Cross-Country Flight Training Appendix 1 to 8.185: Private Pilot Aeronautical Knowledge Areas Appendix 1 to 8.195: Private Pilot Aeronautical Experience Requirements Appendix 1 to 8.225: Commercial Pilot Aeronautical Knowledge Areas Appendix 1 to 8.230: Commercial Pilot Flight Training Proficiency Requirements Appendix 1 to 8.235: Commercial Pilot Aeronautical Experience Requirements Appendix 1 to 8.255: Airline Transport Pilot: Aeronautical Knowledge Areas Appendix 1 to 8.260: Airline Transport Pilot: Flight Proficiency Appendix 1 to 8.305: Flight Instructor Areas of Operation for Flight Proficiency Appendix 1 to 8.325: Flight Instructor Limitations and Qualifications

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Appendix 1 to 8.380: Special Purpose Flight Engineer Licence and Flight Engineer Licence Issued on Basis of a Foreign Flight Engineer Licence

Appendix 1 to 8.400: Ground Instructor Privileges Appendix 1 to 8.675: Requirement for Licences, Ratings, and Authorisations

SUBPART A GENERAL LICENSING REQUIREMENTS

Section I: General 8.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This Schedule prescribes —

(1) The requirements for issuing airman licences, and ratings; and authorisa- tions to those licences, as applicable;

(2) The conditions under which those licences, ratings, and authorisations are necessary; and

(3) The privileges and limitations of holders of those licences, ratings, and authorisations.

8.005 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of This Schedule, the following definitions shall apply —

(1) Accredited medical conclusion. The conclusion reached by one or more medical experts acceptable to the Licensing Authority for the purposes of the case concerned, in consultation with other experts as necessary.

(2) Advanced flight training device. A flight training device that has a cockpit that accurately replicates a specific make, model, and type aircraft cockpit, and handling characteristics that accurately model the aircraft handling characteristics.

(3) Aviation Maintenance Technician. A person approved by the Authority to perform defined maintenance upon aeronautical products; the term “aviation maintenance technician” as used herein can include persons similarly qualified by other Contracting States and referred to as “licenced mechanic,” “certificated (certified) mechanic,” “aviation maintenance engineer,” or by other terms, all of which mean an aviation maintenance licence holder.

(4) Complex aeroplane. An aeroplane having retractable landing gear (except in seaplanes), flaps, and a controllable propeller.

(5) Core curriculum. A set of courses approved by the Authority, for use by an ATO and its satellite ATOs. The core curriculum consists of training that is required for licensing or aircraft ratings. It does not include training for tasks and circumstances unique to a particular user.

(6) Flight training equipment. Flight simulators, flight training devices, and aircraft.

(7) High-performance aeroplane. An aeroplane with an engine of more than 200 horsepower.

(8) Operating position. An air traffic control function performed within or directly associated with a control facility.

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(9) Psychosis. A mental disorder in which the individual has manifested delusions, hallucinations, grossly bizarre or disorganised behaviour, or other commonly accepted symptoms of this condition; or the individual may reasonably be expected to manifest delusions, hallucinations, grossly bizarre or disorganised behaviour, or other commonly accepted symptoms of this condition.

(10) Substance abuse. Refers to — (i) The use of a substance in a situation in which that use was physically

hazardous, if there has been at any other time an instance of the use of a substance also in a situation in which that use was physically hazardous;

(ii) A verified positive drug test result acquired under an anti-drug program or internal program of The Bahamas government; or

(iii) Misuse of a substance that the Authority, based on case history and qualified medical judgement relating to the substance involved, finds makes the applicant unable to safely perform the duties or exercise the privileges of the airman certificate applied for or held; or may reasonably be expected, for the maximum duration of the airman medical certificate applied for or held, to make the applicant unable to perform those duties or exercise those privileges.

(11) Substance dependence. A condition in which a person is dependent on a substance, other than tobacco or ordinary xanthine-containing (e.g., caffeine) beverages, as evidenced by increased tolerance; manifestation of withdrawal symptoms; impaired control of use; or continued use despite damage to physical health or impairment of social, personal, or occupational functioning.

(12) Substance. Alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, hallucinogens, opioids, cannabis, inhalants, central nervous system stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and similarly acting sympathomimetics, phency- clidine or similarly acting arylcyclohexylamines, and other psychoactive drugs and chemicals.

8.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in This Schedule:

(1) AME — Aviation Medical Examiner (2) AMO — Approved Maintenance Organisation (3) AMT — Aviation Maintenance Technician (4) AOC — Air Operator Certificate (5) ARS — Aviation Repair Specialist (6) ATO — Aviation Training Organisation (7) cm — centimetre(s) (8) dB — decibels (relative to as 1 microPascal) (9) IA — Inspection Authorisation (10) IFR — Instrument Flight Rules (11) ICAO — International Civil Aviation Organisation (Civil Aviation Law) (12) PIC — Pilot In Command

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(13) SIC — Second In Command (14) VFR — Visual Flight Rules

Section II: Licences, Ratings, and Authorisations 8.015 APPLICABILITY (a) This section describes the licences, ratings and pilot authorisations issued by

the Authority and prescribes the requirements for testing and validating such licences, ratings, and authorisations.

8.020 LICENCES ISSUED (a) The Authority may issue the following licences under this Schedule —

(1) Pilot licences — (i) Student pilot;

(ii) Private pilot; (iii) Commercial pilot; and (iv) Airline transport pilot.

(2) Flight instructor licence. (3) Ground instructor licence. (4) Flight engineer licence. (5) Air traffic controller licence. (6) Senior parachute rigger licence. (7) Master parachute rigger licence. (8) AMT licence. (9) ARS licences. (10) Flight operations officer licence. (11) Flight attendant (Reserved).

8.025 RATINGS ISSUED (a) The Authority may issue the following ratings for pilots —

(1) Category ratings in the following aircraft: (i) Aeroplane.

(ii) Rotorcraft. (iii) Glider. (iv) Lighter-than-air. (v) Power lift.

Note: ICAO Annex 1, Section 2.1, uses the terms “aeroplane, helicopter, glider, and free balloon” as basic categories. The terms used above more accurately represents the diversity of aircraft in normal use today, and will be used in this Part. (2) Class ratings in the following aeroplanes:

(i) Single-engine, land. (ii) Single-engine, sea.

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(iii) Multi-engine, land. (iv) Multi-engine, sea.

(3) Class ratings in the following rotorcraft: (i) Helicopter. (ii) Gyroplane.

(4) Class ratings in the following lighter-than-air aircraft: (i) Airship. (ii) Free balloon.

(5) Type ratings in the following aircraft: (i) Large aircraft, other than lighter-than-air. (ii) Small turbojet powered aeroplanes. (iii) Small helicopters for operations requiring an airline transport

certificate. (iv) Aircraft certified for at least two pilots. (v) Any aircraft considered necessary by the Authority.

(6) Instrument ratings in the following aircraft: (i) Instrument — Aeroplane. (ii) Instrument — Helicopter.

(b) The Authority may place the category, class, or type rating on a pilot licence when issuing that licence, provided the rating reflects the appropriate category, class, or type aircraft used to demonstrate skill and knowledge for its issuance.

(c) The Authority may issue the following ratings for flight engineers: (1) Reciprocating engine powered; (2) Turbopropeller powered; and (3) Turbojet powered.

(d) The Authority may issue a facility rating for air traffic controllers. (e) The Authority may issue the following ratings for AMTs:

(1) Airframe. (2) Powerplant. (3) Aircraft type ratings for aircraft with a takeoff gross weight of more than

5700 kg. (4) Powerplant type ratings for powerplants on aircraft with a takeoff gross

weight of more than 5700 kg. (5) Other specialized ratings as may be determined by the Authority.

(f) The Authority may issue the following ratings for ARSs: (1) Propellers. (2) Avionics. (3) Instrument. (4) Computer.

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(5) Accessories. (6) Experimental Aircraft Builder.

(g) The Authority may issue the following type ratings for parachute riggers: (1) Seat. (2) Back. (3) Chest. (4) Lap.

8.030 AUTHORISATIONS ISSUED (a) The Authority may issue the following authorisations under this Schedule —

(1) Category II pilot authorisation. (2) Category III pilot authorisation. (3) Special purpose pilot authorisation. (4) Special purpose flight engineer authorisation. (5) AMT Inspection Authorisation.

8.035 DURATION OF LICENCES, RATINGS, AND AUTHORISATIONS

(a) Except as shown in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d), the Authority issues all licences without a specific expiration date.

(b) Student pilot licence. A student pilot licence expires 24 calendar months from the month in which it is issued.

(c) Flight instructor licence. A flight instructor licence expires 24 calendar months from the month in which it is issued and is effective only while the holder has a valid pilot licence.

(d) Category II and III Pilot Authorisation. A Category II or III pilot authorisation expires at the end of the sixth calendar month after the month in which it was issued or renewed.

(e) Aviation Maintenance Technician Licence/Aviation Repair Specialist licence. Except for an aviation repair specialist licence, all licences and ratings issued under this Subpart are effective until surrendered, suspended, or revoked. An aviation repair specialist licence issued on the basis of employment is effective until the holder of that licence is relieved from the duties for which the holder was employed and licenced. Note: An aviation repair specialist licence with a rating of experimental aircraft builder issued on the basis of being the primary builder of the aircraft is effective until the holder of that licence is no longer the primary builder of the experimental aircraft specifically identified on the licence.

(f) Inspection Authorisation. Each Inspection Authorisation expires on the last day of the 12th month after the date of issuance.

8.040 TEMPORARY LICENCE OR RATING (a) The Authority may issue a temporary airman licence or rating for up to 120

days, at which time the Authority will issue a permanent licence to a person whom the Authority finds qualified under this Schedule.

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(b) A temporary airman licence or rating expires — (1) On the expiration date shown on the licence; (2) Upon receipt of the permanent licence; or (3) Upon receipt of a notice that the licence or rating sought is denied or

revoked. 8.045 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS: PERSONNEL LICENCES, RATINGS,

AND AUTHORISATIONS (a) The Authority may issue to an applicant who cannot comply with certain

eligibility requirements or areas of operations required for the issue of a licence because of physical limitations, or for other reasons, a licence, rating, or authorisation with an appropriate limitation provided the — (1) Applicant is able to meet all other certification requirements for the licence,

rating, or authorisation sought; (2) Physical limitation, if any, has been recorded with the Authority on the

applicant’s medical records; and (3) Authority determines that the applicant’s inability to perform the particular

area of operation will not adversely affect safety. (b) The Authority may remove a limitation placed on a person’s licence provided

that person demonstrates to an examiner or inspector satisfactory proficiency in the area of operation to which the limitation applies, or otherwise shows compliance with conditions to remove the limitation, as applicable.

(c) No person may act as a required pilot of a civil aircraft of foreign registry within The Bahamas, unless that person’s pilot licence was issued under This Schedule, or was issued or validated by the country in which the aircraft is registered.

(d) No person may act as a pilot, flight instructor, required flight crew member, or air traffic controller unless that person holds an appropriate and current medical certificate issued under this Part, or other documentation acceptable to the Authority.

(e) Flight instructor licence. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this subsection, no person other

than the holder of a flight instructor licence with appropriate rating may — (i) Give training required to qualify a person for solo flight and solo cross-

country flight; (ii) Endorse an applicant for a pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor

licence or rating issued under this part; (iii) Endorse a pilot logbook to show training given; or (iv) Endorse a student pilot licence and logbook for solo operating

privileges. (2) The following instructors do not have to hold a flight instructor

licence — (i) The holder of a commercial pilot licence with a lighter-than-air rating,

provided the training is given in a lighter-than-air aircraft; (ii) The holder of an airline transport pilot licence with appropriate ratings,

provided the training is conducted in accordance with an approved air carrier training program;

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(iii) A person who is qualified in accordance with Schedule 9, provided the training is conducted in accordance with an approved training program;

(iv) A flight instructor, not licenced by the Authority; or (v) The holder of a ground instructor licence in accordance with the

privileges of the licence. (f) No person may act as the PIC of an aircraft unless that person holds the

appropriate category, class, and type rating (if a class rating and type rating is required) for the aircraft to be flown, except where the pilot is the sole occupant of the aircraft, or — (1) Is receiving training for the purpose of obtaining an additional pilot licence

or rating that is appropriate to that aircraft while under the supervision of an authorised instructor; or

(2) Has received training required by this Part that is appropriate to the aircraft category, class, and type rating (if a class or type rating is required) for the aircraft to be flown, and has received the required endorsements from an authorised instructor.

(g) A pilot may not act as PIC of an aircraft that is carrying another person, or is operated for compensation or hire, unless that pilot holds a category, class, and type rating (if a class and type rating is required) that applies to the aircraft. Note: This subsection does not require a category and class rating for an aircraft not type certified as an aeroplane, rotorcraft, glider, powered-lift, or lighter-than- air aircraft.

(h) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this subsection, no person may act as PIC of a complex aeroplane, high-performance aeroplane, or a pressurised aircraft capable of flight above 25,000 feet MSL, or an aircraft that the Authority has determined requires aircraft type-specific training unless the person has — (1) Received and logged ground and flight training from an authorised

instructor in the applicable aeroplane type, or in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device that is representative of that, and has been found proficient in the operation and systems of that aeroplane; and

(2) Received a one-time endorsement in the pilot’s logbook from an authorised instructor who certifies the person is proficient to operate that aircraft.

(i) The training and endorsement required by paragraph (h) of this subsection is not required if the person has logged flight time as PIC of that type of aircraft, or in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device that is representative of such an aircraft, prior to [the effective date of the rule].

(j) Additional training required for operating tailwheel aeroplanes. Except as provided in paragraph (j)(3) of this subsection, no person may act as PIC of a tailwheel aeroplane unless that person has: (1) Received and logged flight training from an authorised instructor in a

tailwheel aeroplane on the manoeuvres and procedures listed in paragraph (j)(2) of this subsection.

(2) Received an endorsement in the person’s logbook from an authorised instructor who found the person proficient in the operation of a tailwheel aeroplane, to include at least normal and crosswind takeoffs and landings,

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wheel landings (unless the manufacturer has recommended against such landings), and go-around procedures.

(3) The training and endorsement required by this subsection is not required if the person logged PIC time in a tailwheel aeroplane before [the effective date of this rule].

See Appendix 2 to 8.045 for details on additional requirements and exemptions to the training requirements of this subsection.

Section III: Validation of Foreign and Military Licences and Ratings 8.050 PRIVATE PILOT LICENCE AND RATINGS ISSUED ON THE BASIS OF

A FOREIGN PILOT LICENCE (a) General. A person who holds a current pilot licence issued by another

Contracting State may apply for and be issued a private pilot licence with the appropriate ratings, unless otherwise permitted in paragraph (f) of this subsection, without any further showing of proficiency if the applicant — (1) Is not under an order of revocation or suspension by the country that issued

the pilot licence; (2) Holds a licence that does not contain an endorsement stating that the

applicant has not met all of the standards of ICAO for that licence; (3) Does not currently hold a pilot licence issued by the Authority; (4) Holds a current medical certificate issued under This Schedule or a current

medical certificate issued by the country that issued the applicant’s pilot licence; and

(5) Is able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. (b) Aircraft ratings issued. The Authority may place upon a pilot’s licence which it

issues the aircraft ratings listed on that pilot’s foreign pilot licence. (c) Instrument ratings issued. The Authority may issue an instrument rating on a

pilot licence to a person who holds an instrument rating on a licence issued by another Contracting State provided — (1) Within 24 months preceding the month in which the person applies for the

instrument rating, the applicant passes the appropriate knowledge test; and (2) The applicant is able to read, speak, write, and understand the English

language. (d) Operating privileges and limitations. A person who receives a pilot licence under

the provisions of this subsection — (1) May act as a pilot of a civil aircraft of Bahamian registry in accordance with

the private pilot privileges authorised by This Schedule; (2) Shall be limited to the privileges placed on the licence by the Authority; (3) Shall be subject to the limitations and restrictions on the person’s licence

issued by the Authority and foreign pilot licence when exercising the privileges of that pilot licence in an aircraft of Bahamian registry; and

(4) Shall not exercise the privileges of the pilot licence issued by the Authority when the person’s foreign pilot licence has been revoked or suspended.

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(e) Provision for issue of a licence on the basis of a foreign licence. (1) An applicant may use only one foreign pilot licence as a basis for obtaining

a pilot licence issued by the Authority. (2) An applicant for a licence under this subsection shall provide a foreign pilot

licence and medical certification in the English language or accompanied by an English language transcription that has been signed by an official or representative of the foreign aviation authority that issued the foreign pilot licence.

(3) The Authority will place upon a pilot licence issued under this subsection the pilot’s foreign licence number and country of issuance.

(f) The Authority may issue licences other than a private licence, or other ratings, or both, based on an arrangement with another authority.

8.055 MILITARY PILOTS OR FORMER MILITARY PILOTS: SPECIAL RULES

(a) Except for a rated military pilot or former rated military pilot who has been removed from flying status for lack of proficiency, or because of disciplinary action involving aircraft operations, a rated military pilot or former rated military pilot who meets the requirements prescribed by the Authority may apply, on the basis of his or her military training, for — (1) A commercial pilot licence; (2) An aircraft rating in the category and class of aircraft for which that military

pilot is qualified; (3) An instrument rating with the appropriate aircraft rating for which that

military pilot is qualified; and (4) A type rating, if appropriate. See Appendix 1 to 8.055 for requirements concerning military pilots and former military pilots.

Section IV: General Testing and Training Requirements 8.060 TESTS: GENERAL PROCEDURE (a) Tests prescribed by or under This Schedule are given at times and places, and by

persons designated by the Authority. 8.065 KNOWLEDGE TEST: PREREQUISITES AND PASSING GRADES (a) An applicant for a knowledge test shall have —

(1) Received an endorsement from an authorised instructor certifying that the applicant accomplished a ground-training or a home-study course required by This Schedule for the licence or rating sought and is prepared for the knowledge test; and

(2) Proper identification at the time of application that contains the applicant’s —

(i) Photograph; (ii) Signature;

(iii) Date of birth, which shows the applicant meets or will meet the age requirements of This Schedule for the licence sought before the expiration date of the airman knowledge test report; and

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(iv) Actual residential address, if different from the applicant’s mailing address.

(b) The Authority will specify the minimum passing grade for the knowledge test. 8.070 PRACTICAL TEST: PREREQUISITES (a) To be eligible for a practical test, an applicant shall meet all applicable

requirements for the licence or rating sought. See Appendix 1 to 8.070 for the eligibility requirements of a practical test.

(b) If an applicant does not complete all increments of a practical test for a licence or rating on one date, the applicant shall complete all remaining increments of the test not more than 60 calendar days after that date.

(c) If an applicant does not satisfactorily complete all increments of the practical test for a licence or a rating within 60 calendar days after beginning the test, the applicant shall retake the entire practical test, including those increments satisfactorily completed.

8.075 PRACTICAL TESTS: GENERAL PROCEDURES (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection, the Authority will

determine an applicant’s ability to hold a licence or rating issued under this Subpart based upon the applicant’s ability to safely perform the following during a practical test — (1) Perform the tasks specified in the areas of operation for the licence or rating

sought within the prescribed standards; (2) Demonstrate mastery of the aircraft with the successful outcome of each

task — (i) Never seriously in doubt for the private pilot and commercial pilot

tests; and (ii) Never in doubt for the airline transport pilot licence and aircraft type

rating tests; (3) Demonstrate sound judgement; and (4) Demonstrate single-pilot competence if the aircraft is type certified for

single-pilot operations. (b) If an applicant does not demonstrate proficiency without the aid of a SIC pilot,

the Authority will place the limitation, “SIC Required” on the applicant’s airman licence. The applicant may remove the limitation by passing the appropriate practical test and by demonstrating single-pilot competency in that aircraft.

(c) If an applicant fails any area of operation, that applicant fails the practical test. (d) An applicant is not eligible for a licence or rating sought until all the areas of

operation are passed. (e) The examiner or the applicant may discontinue a practical test at any time —

(1) When the applicant fails one or more of the areas of operation; or (2) Due to inclement weather conditions, aircraft airworthiness, or any other

safety-of-flight concern. (f) If a practical test is discontinued, the Authority may give the applicant credit

for those areas of operation already passed, but only if the applicant —

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(1) Passes the remainder of the practical test within the 60-day period after the date the practical test was begun;

(2) Presents to the examiner for the retest the original notice of disapproval form or the letter of discontinuance form, as appropriate;

(3) Satisfactorily accomplishes any additional training needed and obtains the appropriate instructor endorsements, if additional training is required.

8.080 PRACTICAL TESTS: REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT (a) Except when permitted to accomplish the entire flight increment of the practical

test in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device, an applicant for a licence or rating issued under this Schedule shall furnish an aircraft with the necessary equipment and controls. See Appendix 1 to 8.080 for required equipment and controls for practical tests.

8.085 RETESTING AFTER FAILURE (a) An applicant for a knowledge or practical test who fails that test may reapply for

the test only after the applicant has received — (1) The necessary training from an authorised instructor who has determined

that the applicant is proficient to pass the test; and (2) An endorsement from an authorised instructor who gave the applicant the

additional training. (b) An applicant for a flight instructor licence with an aeroplane category rating or,

for a flight instructor licence with a glider category rating, who has failed the practical test due to deficiencies in instructional proficiency on stall awareness, spin entry, spins, or spin recovery shall — (1) Comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this subsection before

being retested; (2) Bring an aircraft to the retest that is of the appropriate aircraft category for

the rating sought and is certified for spins; and (3) Demonstrate satisfactory instructional proficiency on stall awareness, spin

entry, spins, and spin recovery to an examiner during the retest. 8.090 RECORDS OF TRAINING TIME (a) Each person shall document and record the following time in a manner

acceptable to the Authority: (1) Training and aeronautical experience used to meet the requirements for a

licence, rating, qualification, authorisation, or flight review of This Schedule.

(2) The aeronautical experience required to show recent flight experience requirements of these Schedules.

See Appendix 1 to 8.090 for flight time to be recorded. 8.095 FLIGHT TRAINING RECEIVED FROM FLIGHT

INSTRUCTORS NOT LICENCED BY THE AUTHORITY (a) A person may credit flight training toward the requirements of a pilot licence or

rating if that person received the training from — (1) A flight instructor of an Armed Force in a program for training military

pilots of either —

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(i) The Bahamas; or (ii) Another Contracting State; or

(2) A flight instructor authorised to give such training by the licensing authority of a Contracting State, provided that the flight training is given outside The Bahamas.

(b) A flight instructor described in paragraph (a) of this subsection is authorised to give only the endorsements to show training given.

8.100 LIMITATIONS ON THE USE OF FLIGHT SIMULATORS AND FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICES

(a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) or (c) of this subsection, no airman may receive credit for use of any flight simulator or flight training device for satisfying any training, testing, or checking requirement of this part unless that flight simulator or flight training device is approved by the Authority for — (1) The training, testing, and checking for which it is used; (2) Each particular manoeuvre, procedure, or crew member function per-

formed; and (3) The representation of the specific category and class of aircraft, type of

aircraft, particular variation within the type of aircraft, or set of aircraft for certain flight training devices.

(b) The Authority will consider as a flight training device any device used for flight training, testing, or checking that the Authority has accepted or approved prior [date of adoption of this rule], which any user can show to function as originally designed, provided it is used for the same purposes for which it was originally accepted or approved and only to the extent of such acceptance or approval.

(c) The Authority may approve a device other than a flight training simulator or flight training device for specific purposes. See Appendix 1 to 8.100 for requirements on the use of approved simulators and flight training devices.

8.105 GRADUATES OF A TRAINING PROGRAMME APPROVED UNDER OTHER PARTS: SPECIAL RULES

(a) The Authority will consider that a person who presents a graduation certificate from a certificate holder under Schedule 9 and within 60 days after the date of graduation, is considered to have met the applicable aeronautical experience and aeronautical knowledge and areas of operation training requirements of this Schedule appropriate to the rating sought.

SUBPART B CERTIFICATION: FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS

Section I: Aircraft Ratings and Pilot Authorisations 8.110 GENERAL REQUIREMENT (a) To be eligible for an aircraft rating or authorisation to a pilot licence, an

applicant shall meet the appropriate requirements of this Section for the aircraft rating or authorisation sought.

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8.115 INSTRUMENT RATING REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for an instrument rating shall —

(1) Hold a pilot licence with an aircraft category and class rating for the instrument rating sought;

(2) Receive a logbook or training record endorsement from an authorised instructor certifying that the person is prepared to take the required practical test;

(3) Pass the required knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas, unless the applicant already holds an instrument rating in another category; and

(4) Pass the required practical test on the areas of operation in — (i) The aircraft category, class, and type, if applicable, appropriate to the

rating sought; or (ii) A flight simulator or a flight training device appropriate to the rating

sought and approved for the specific manoeuvre or procedure performed.

(b) Aeronautical knowledge. An applicant for an instrument rating shall have received and logged ground training from an authorised instructor on the areas of aeronautical knowledge that apply to the instrument rating.

(c) Flight proficiency. An applicant for an instrument rating shall receive and log training from an authorised instructor in an aircraft, or in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device, in accordance with paragraph (e) of this subsection.

(d) Aeronautical experience. An applicant for an instrument rating shall have logged the required aeronautical experience shown in the implementing standard for this subsection.

(e) Use of approved flight simulators or approved flight training devices. If the instrument training was provided by an authorised instructor in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device, an applicant may perform — (1) A maximum of 30 hours in that flight simulator or flight training device if

the training was accomplished in accordance with a training program approved under Schedule 9; or

(2) A maximum of 20 hours in that flight simulator or flight training device if the training was not accomplished in accordance with a training program approved under Schedule 9.

See Appendix 1 to 8.115 for additional requirements pertaining to the knowledge test, practical test, aeronautical experience, and aeronautical knowledge areas that apply to the instrument rating.

8.120 CATEGORY RATING (a) A pilot seeking a category rating —

(1) Shall have received the required training and possess the aeronautical experience prescribed by this part for the aircraft category and, if applicable, class and type rating sought;

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(2) Shall have an endorsement in his or her logbook or training record from an authorised instructor that the applicant has been found competent in the following areas, as appropriate to the pilot licence for the aircraft category and, if applicable, class and type rating sought — (i) Aeronautical knowledge areas;

(ii) Areas of operation; (3) Shall pass the practical test applicable to the pilot licence for the aircraft

category and, if applicable, class and type rating sought; and (4) Need not take an additional knowledge test, provided the applicant holds

an aeroplane, rotorcraft, powered-lift, or airship rating at that pilot licence level.

8.125 CLASS RATING (a) A pilot seeking an additional class rating —

(1) Shall have an endorsement in his or her logbook or training record from an authorised instructor that the applicant has been found competent in the following areas, as appropriate to the pilot licence and for the aircraft class rating sought: (i) Aeronautical knowledge areas;

(ii) Areas of operation; (2) Shall pass the practical test applicable to the pilot licence for the aircraft

class rating sought; (3) Need not meet the training time requirements prescribed by this Part for the

aircraft class rating sought; and (4) Need not take an additional knowledge test, provided the applicant holds an

aeroplane, rotorcraft, powered-lift, or airship rating at that pilot licence level.

8.130 TYPE RATING (a) To act as a PIC of any of the following aircraft, a pilot shall hold a type rating

for that aircraft: (1) Large aircraft (except lighter-than-air). (2) Turbojet or turbofan powered aeroplanes. (3) Other aircraft specified by the Authority through aircraft type certificate

procedures. (b) Except as specified in paragraph (b)(6), a pilot seeking an aircraft type rating to

be added on a pilot licence, or the addition of an aircraft type rating that is accomplished concurrently with an additional aircraft category or class rating — (1) Shall hold or concurrently obtain an instrument rating that is appropriate to

the aircraft category, class, or type rating sought; (2) Shall have an endorsement in his or her logbook or training record from an

authorised instructor that the applicant has been found competent in the following areas, as appropriate to the pilot licence for the aircraft category, class and type rating sought —

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(i) Aeronautical knowledge areas; (ii) Areas of operation;

(3) Shall pass the practical test applicable to the pilot licence for the aircraft category, class, and type rating sought;

(4) Except as provided for in paragraphs (e) and (f), shall perform the practical test under instrument flight rules;

(5) Need not take an additional knowledge test, provided the applicant holds an aeroplane, rotorcraft, powered-lift, or airship rating on their pilot licence; and

(6) In the case of a pilot employee of an AOC holder, shall have — (i) Met the appropriate requirements of paragraphs (b)(1), (4) and (5)

for the aircraft type rating sought; and (ii) Received an endorsement in his or her flight training record from

the certificate holder certifying that the applicant has completed the certificate holder’s approved ground and flight training program appropriate to the aircraft type rating sought.

(c) An applicant for a type rating who provides an aircraft not capable of the instrument manoeuvres and procedures required by the appropriate require- ments for the practical test may — (1) Obtain a type rating limited to “VFR only”; and (2) Remove the “VFR only” limitation for each aircraft type in which the

applicant demonstrates compliance with the appropriate instrument requirements of these schedules.

(d) The Authority may issue to an applicant for a type rating a licence with the limitation “VFR only” for each aircraft type not equipped for the applicant to show instrument proficiency.

(e) An applicant for a type rating in a multi-engine, single-pilot station aeroplane may meet the requirements of paragraph (b) in a multiseat version of that multiengine aeroplane.

(f) An applicant for a type rating in a single-engine, single-pilot station aeroplane may meet the requirements of paragraph (b) in a multiseat version of that single- engine aeroplane.

(g) Unless the Authority requires certain or all tasks to be performed, the examiner who conducts the practical test may waive any of the tasks for which the Authority approves waiver authority.

8.135 CATEGORY II AND III PILOT AUTHORISATION REQUIREMENTS

(a) General. An applicant for a Category II or Category III pilot authorisation shall — (1) Hold a pilot licence with an instrument rating or an airline transport pilot

licence; (2) Hold a category and class rating, and type rating, if applicable, for the

aircraft for which the authorisation is sought; and (3) Complete the practical test requirements.

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(b) Experience requirements. An applicant for a Category II or Category III pilot authorisation shall have at least — (1) 50 hours of night flight time as PIC; (2) 75 hours of instrument time under actual or simulated instrument

conditions that may include not more than: (i) A combination of 25 hours of simulated instrument flight time in an

approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device; or (ii) 40 hours of simulated instrument flight time if accomplished in an

approved course conducted by an appropriately rated ATO; (3) 250 hours of cross-country flight time as PIC.

(c) Upon passing a practical test for a Category II or III pilot authorisation, a pilot may renew that authorisation for each type of aircraft for which the pilot holds authorisation.

(d) The Authority may not renew a Category II or Category III pilot authorisation for a specific type aircraft for which an authorisation is held beyond 12 calendar months from the month the applicant satisfactorily passed a practical test in that type aircraft.

(e) If the holder of a Category II or Category III pilot authorisation passes the practical test for a renewal in the month before the authorisation expires, the Authority will consider that the holder passed it during the month the authorisation expired. See Appendix 1 to 8.135 for additional requirements concerning Category II and III pilot authorisations.

8.140 SPECIAL PURPOSE PILOT AUTHORISATION: A PERSON WHO IS NOT A CITIZEN OF THE BAHAMAS

(a) General. The Authority may issue to the holder of a foreign pilot licence issued by another Contracting State a special purpose pilot authorisation, after the applicant meets the requirements for — (1) Performing pilot duties on a civil aircraft of The Bahamas registry that is

leased to a person who is not a citizen of The Bahamas; and (2) Use of that aircraft in commercial air transportation. See Appendix 1 to 8.140 for eligibility requirements, privileges, and limitations associated with special purpose pilot authorisations.

Section II: Student Pilots 8.145 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the requirements for the issuance of student pilot

licences, the conditions under which those licences are necessary, and the general operating rules and limitations for the holders of those licences.

8.150 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR STUDENT PILOTS

(a) To be eligible for a student pilot licence, an applicant shall — (1) Be at least 16 years of age for other than the operation of a glider or balloon; (2) Be at least 14 years of age for the operation of a glider or balloon; and (3) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language.

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8.155 APPLICATION (a) An applicant for a student pilot licence shall apply to —

(1) A designated aviation medical examiner if applying for a medical certificate; (2) An examiner; or (3) An office designated by the Authority.

8.160 SOLO REQUIREMENTS FOR STUDENT PILOTS (a) General. A student pilot may not operate an aircraft in solo flight unless that

student has met the requirements of this subsection. (b) Aeronautical knowledge.

(1) A student pilot shall satisfactorily pass an aeronautical knowledge test on the following subjects —

(i) Applicable sections of this Schedule and Schedule 10; (ii) Airspace rules and procedures for the airport where the student will

perform solo flight; and (iii) Flight characteristics and operational limitations for the make and

model of aircraft to be flown. (2) The student’s authorised instructor shall —

(i) Administer the test; and (ii) At the conclusion of the test, review all incorrect answers with the

student before authorising that student to conduct a solo flight. (c) Pre-solo flight training. Prior to conducting a solo flight, a student pilot shall

have — (1) Received and logged flight training for the manoeuvres and procedures of

this subsection that are appropriate to the make and model of aircraft to be flown; and

(2) Demonstrated satisfactory proficiency and safety, as judged by an authorised instructor, on the manoeuvres and procedures required by this subsection in the make and model of aircraft or similar make and model of aircraft to be flown.

(d) Manoeuvres and procedures for pre-solo flight training. A student pilot shall receive and log flight training for required manoeuvres and procedures. See Appendix 1 to 8.160 for required manoeuvres and procedures for a student pilot.

8.165 GENERAL LIMITATIONS (a) A student pilot may not act as PIC of an aircraft —

(1) That is carrying a passenger; (2) That is carrying property for compensation or hire; (3) That is operated for compensation or hire; (4) In furtherance of a business; (5) On an international flight;

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(6) With a flight or surface visibility of less than 3 statute miles during daylight hours or 5 statute miles at night;

(7) When the flight cannot be made with visual reference to the surface; or (8) In a manner contrary to any limitations placed in the pilot’s logbook by an

authorised instructor. (b) A student pilot may not act as a required pilot flight crew member on any aircraft

for which more than one pilot is required by the aircraft type certificate or by these Schedules under which the flight is conducted, except when receiving flight training from an authorised instructor on board an airship, and no person other than a required flight crew member is carried on the aircraft.

(c) A student pilot may not operate an aircraft in solo flight unless that student pilot has received within the 90 days preceding the date of the flight an endorsement from an authorised instructor for the specific make and model aircraft to be flown made — (1) On his or her student pilot licence; and (2) In the student’s logbook.

(d) A student pilot may not operate an aircraft in solo flight at night unless that student pilot has received — (1) Flight training at night that includes takeoffs, approaches, landings, and go-

arounds at night at the airport where the student will conduct solo flight; (2) Navigation training at night in the vicinity of the airport where the student

pilot will conduct solo flight; and (3) An endorsement for night solo flight.

8.170 SOLO CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT REQUIREMENTS (a) General.

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection, a student pilot shall meet the requirements of this subsection before — (i) Conducting a solo cross-country flight, or any flight greater than 25

nautical miles from the airport from where the flight originated; and (ii) Making a solo flight and landing at any location other than the airport

of origination. (2) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection, a student pilot who

seeks solo cross-country flight privileges shall — (i) Have received flight training from an authorised instructor on the

manoeuvres and procedures of this subsection that are appropriate to the make and model of aircraft for which solo cross-country privileges are sought;

(ii) Have demonstrated cross-country proficiency on the appropriate manoeuvres and procedures of this subsection to an authorised instructor;

(iii) Have satisfactorily accomplished the required pre-solo flight man- oeuvres and procedures in the make and model of aircraft or similar make and model of aircraft for which solo cross-country privileges are sought; and

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(iv) Comply with any limitations included in the instructor’s endorsement that are required by paragraph (c) of this subsection.

(3) A student pilot who seeks solo cross-country flight privileges shall have received ground and flight training from an authorised instructor on the cross-country manoeuvres and procedures listed in this subsection that are appropriate to the aircraft to be flown.

(b) Authorisation to perform certain solo flights and cross-country flights. A student pilot shall obtain an endorsement from an authorised instructor to make solo flights, subject to the following conditions — (1) A student pilot may make solo flights to another airport that is within 25

nautical miles from the airport where the student pilot normally receives training, provided —

(i) The authorised instructor who makes the endorsement gave the student pilot flight training at the other airport, and that training included flight in both directions over the route, entering and exiting the traffic pattern, and takeoffs and landings at the other airport;

(ii) The student pilot has a current solo flight endorsement; (iii) The instructor has determined that the student pilot is proficient to

make the flight; and (iv) The purpose of the flight is to practise takeoffs and landings at that

other airport. (2) A student pilot may make repeated specific solo cross-country flights to

another airport that is within 50 nautical miles of the airport from which the flight originated, provided —

(i) The authorised instructor who gave the endorsement gave the student flight training in both directions over the route, including entering and exiting the traffic patterns, takeoffs, and landings at the airport to be used;

(ii) The student has current solo flight endorsements; and (iii) The student has a current solo cross-country flight endorsement in

accordance with paragraph (c) of this subsection, except that separate endorsements are not required for each flight made under this paragraph.

(c) Endorsements for solo cross-country flights. Except as specified in paragraph (b)(2), a student pilot shall have the endorsements prescribed in this paragraph for each make and model aircraft the student will fly on each cross-country flight — (1) Student pilot licence endorsement.

(i) A student pilot shall have a solo cross-country endorsement placed on the student pilot licence by the authorised instructor who conducted the training.

(2) Logbook endorsement. (i) A student pilot shall have a solo cross-country endorsement placed in

the student pilot’s logbook by the authorised instructor who conducted the training.

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(ii) A licenced pilot who is receiving training for an additional aircraft category and class rating shall have an endorsement placed in the pilot’s logbook by the authorised instructor who conducted the training.

(d) Manoeuvres and procedures for cross-country flight training. A student pilot who is receiving training for cross-country flight shall receive and log flight training in the required manoeuvres and procedures. See Appendix 1 to 8.170 for list of required manoeuvres and procedures.

Section III: Private Pilots 8.175 APPLICABILITY (a) This subsection prescribes the requirements for the issuance of private pilot

licences and ratings, and the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary.

8.180 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) To be eligible for a private pilot licence, a person shall —

(1) Be at least 17 years of age for a rating in other than a glider or balloon. (2) Be at least 16 years of age for a rating in a glider or balloon. (3) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. (4) Receive a logbook endorsement for the knowledge test from an authorised

instructor who — (i) Conducted the training or reviewed the person’s home study on the

prescribed aeronautical knowledge areas that apply to the aircraft rating sought; and

(ii) Certified that the person is prepared for the required knowledge test. (5) Pass the required knowledge test on the prescribed aeronautical knowledge

areas. (6) Receive flight training and a logbook endorsement from an authorised

instructor who — (i) Conducted the training in the areas of operation that apply to the

aircraft rating sought; and (ii) Certified that the person is prepared for the required practical test.

(7) Meet the aeronautical experience requirements of this Subpart that apply to the aircraft rating sought before applying for the practical test.

(8) Pass a practical test on the areas of operation that apply to the aircraft rating sought.

(9) Comply with the appropriate sections of this Subpart that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought.

8.185 AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE (a) An applicant for a private pilot licence shall receive and log ground training

from an authorised instructor on the aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the Authority. See Appendix 1 to 8.185 for a list of aeronautical knowledge areas required for a private pilot licence.

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8.190 FLIGHT PROFICIENCY (a) An applicant for a private pilot licence shall receive and log ground and flight

training from an authorised instructor on the following areas of operation — (1) For all categories and class ratings, as applicable —

(i) Preflight preparation; (ii) Preflight procedures;

(iii) Airport and seaplane base operations; (iv) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds; (v) Performance manoeuvres; (vi) Ground reference manoeuvres;

(vii) Navigation; (viii) Slow flight and stalls;

(ix) Basic instrument manoeuvres; (x) Emergency operations;

(xi) Night operations; and (xii) Postflight procedures.

(2) For the category and class ratings shown below, the applicable areas of operation shown in paragraph (a) and —

(i) Aeroplane category rating with a multi-engine class rating — (A) Multi-engine operations.

(ii) Rotorcraft category rating with a helicopter class rating — (A) Airport and heliport operations; and (B) Hovering manoeuvres.

(iii) Rotorcraft category rating with a gyroplane class rating — (A) Flight at slow airspeeds.

(iv) Powered-lift category rating — (A) Airport and heliport operations; and (B) Hovering manoeuvres.

(v) Glider category rating — (A) Airport and gliderport operations; (B) Launches and landings; (C) Performance speeds; and (D) Soaring techniques.

(vi) Lighter-than-air category rating with a balloon class rating — (A) Launches and landings.

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8.195 AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE (a) An applicant for a private pilot licence with an aeroplane, rotorcraft, or powered-

lift category rating shall receive and log one of the following minimum flight training times — (1) At least 40 hours of flight time that includes at least 20 hours of flight

training from an authorised instructor; and (2) 10 hours of solo flight training in the areas of operation prescribed by the

Authority; See Appendix 1 to 8.195 for minimum aeronautical training requirement.

(b) Except when fewer hours are approved by the Authority, an applicant who has satisfactorily completed a private pilot course conducted by an ATO need have only a total of 35 hours of aeronautical experience;

(c) An applicant for a private pilot licence may credit one of the following in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device representing the category, class, and type, if applicable, of aircraft appropriate to the rating sought — (1) A maximum of 2.5 hours of training, if received from an authorised

instructor other than an ATO; or (2) A maximum of 5 hours of training if the training is accomplished in a course

conducted by an ATO. 8.200 CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHTS: PILOTS BASED ON

SMALL ISLANDS (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection, an applicant located on

an island from which the required cross-country flight training cannot be accomplished without flying over water for more than 10 nautical miles from the nearest shoreline need not comply with the requirements of that section.

(b) If other airports that permit civil operations are available to which a flight may be made without flying over water for more than 10 nautical miles from the nearest shoreline, the applicant shall show completion of two round-trip solo flights between those two airports that are farthest apart, including a landing at each airport on both flights.

(c) The Authority shall issue to an applicant who complies with paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of this subsection, and meets all requirements for the issuance of a private pilot licence, except the cross-country training requirements of this Subpart, a pilot licence with an endorsement containing the following limitation, “Passenger carrying prohibited on flights more than 10 nautical miles from (the appropriate island)”. The Authority may subsequently amend the limitation to include another island if the applicant complies with the requirements of paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of this subsection for another island.

(d) Upon meeting the cross-country training requirements, an applicant may have the limitation in paragraph (c) of this subsection removed.

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8.205 PRIVATE PILOT PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS: REQUIRED CREW MEMBER

(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) through (f) of this subsection, a private pilot may not act as a required crew member of an aircraft — (1) Carrying passengers or property for compensation or hire; or (2) Operated for compensation or hire.

(b) A private pilot may, for compensation or hire, act as a required crew member of an aircraft in connection with any business or employment if — (1) The flight is only incidental to that business or employment; and (2) The aircraft does not carry passengers or property for compensation or hire.

(c) A private pilot may act as a required crew member of an aircraft used in a passenger-carrying airlift sponsored by a charitable organisation described in paragraph (c)(7) of this subsection, and for which the passengers make a donation to the organisation, when the following requirements are met — (1) The sponsor of the airlift notifies the office of the Authority with

jurisdiction over the area concerned at least 7 days before the event and furnishes —

(i) A signed letter from the sponsor that shows the name of the sponsor, the purpose of the charitable event, the date and time of the event, and the location of the event; and

(ii) A photocopy of each required crew member’s pilot licence, medical certificate, and logbook entries that show the pilot is current and has logged at least 200 hours of flight time;

(2) The flight is conducted from a public airport that is adequate for the aircraft to be used, or from another airport that has been approved by the Authority for the operation;

(3) No aerobatic or formation flights are conducted; (4) Each aircraft used for the charitable event holds a standard airworthiness

certificate; (5) Each aircraft used for the charitable event is airworthy and complies with

the applicable requirements of Schedule 10; (6) Each flight for the charitable event is made during day VFR conditions; and (7) The charitable organisation is an organisation identified as such by the

appropriate authority of the government. (d) A private pilot may be reimbursed for aircraft operating expenses that are

directly related to search and location operations, provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenditures, or rental fees, and the operation is sanctioned and under the direction and control of — (1) A local, State, or Federal agency; or (2) An organisation that conducts search and location operations.

(e) A private pilot who is an aircraft salesman and who has at least 200 hours of logged flight time may demonstrate an aircraft in flight to a prospective buyer.

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(f) A private pilot may not pay less than the pro rata share of the operating expenses of a flight with passengers, provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenditures, or rental fees.

(g) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) through (f) of this subsection, no private pilot may, for compensation or hire, act as SIC of an aircraft that is type certified for more than one pilot.

8.210 PRIVATE PILOT WITH BALLOON RATING: LIMITATIONS (a) If an applicant for a private pilot licence with a balloon rating takes a practical

test in a balloon with an airborne heater — (1) The Authority shall place upon the pilot licence a limitation restricting the

exercise of the privileges of that licence to a balloon with an airborne heater; and

(2) The pilot may remove the limitation by obtaining the required aeronautical experience in a gas balloon and receiving a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor who attests to the person’s accomplishment of the required aeronautical experience and ability to satisfactorily operate a gas balloon.

(b) If an applicant for a private pilot licence with a balloon rating takes a practical test in a gas balloon — (1) The Authority shall place upon the pilot licence a limitation restricting the

exercise of the privilege of that licence to a gas balloon; and (2) The pilot may remove the limitation by obtaining the required aeronautical

experience in a balloon with an airborne heater and receiving a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor who attests to the pilot’s accomplishment of the required aeronautical experience and ability to satisfactorily operate a balloon with an airborne heater.

Section IV: Commercial Pilots 8.215 APPLICABILITY (a) This subsection prescribes the requirements for the issuance of commercial pilot

licences and ratings, and the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary.

8.220 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) To be eligible for a commercial pilot licence, a person shall —

(1) Be at least 18 years of age; (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. (3) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor who —

(i) Conducted the required ground training or reviewed the person’s home study on the aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the Authority that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought; and

(ii) Certified that the person is prepared for the required knowledge test that applies to the aircraft category and class rating sought.

(4) Pass the required knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the Authority;

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(5) Receive the required training and a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor who — (i) Conducted the training on the areas of operation prescribed by the

Authority that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought; and

(ii) Certified that the person is prepared for the required practical test. (6) Meet the aeronautical experience requirements of this Subpart that apply

to the aircraft category and class rating sought before applying for the practical test;

(7) Pass the required practical test on the prescribed areas of operation that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought;

(8) Hold a private pilot licence issued under this Subpart or meet the requirements pertaining to military licences; and

(9) Comply with all sections of this Subpart that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought.

8.225 COMMERCIAL PILOT: AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS

(a) An applicant for a commercial pilot licence shall receive and log ground training from an authorised instructor, or complete a home-study course on the required aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the Authority. See Appendix 1 to 8.225 for specific aeronautical knowledge area requirements.

8.230 COMMERCIAL PILOT: FLIGHT PROFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for a commercial pilot licence shall receive and log ground and

flight training from an authorised instructor on the areas of operation of this subsection that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought. See Appendix 1 to 8.230 for detailed requirements concerning training for aircraft category and class ratings sought.

8.235 COMMERCIAL PILOT: AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE (a) An applicant for a commercial pilot licence shall obtain the required 250 flight

hours of aeronautical experience prescribed by the Authority — (1) Except when fewer hours are approved by the Authority, an applicant who

has satisfactorily completed a commercial pilot course conducted by an ATO need have only the following total aeronautical experience to meet the aeronautical experience requirements of this subsection:

(i) 190 hours for an aeroplane or powered-lift rating; (ii) 150 hours for a helicopter rating.

(b) An applicant for a commercial pilot licence may credit one of the maximum times for training in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device representing the applicable category, class, and type of aircraft appropriate to the rating sought —

(i) 50 hours for an aeroplane or powered-lift rating; (ii) 25 hours for a helicopter rating;

(iii) 100 hours for an aeroplane or powered-lift rating in a course conducted by an ATO; or

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(iv) 50 hours for a helicopter rating in a course conducted by an ATO. See Appendix 1 to 8.235 for specific required aeronautical experience.

8.240 COMMERCIAL PILOT PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS (a) Privileges.

(1) General. A commercial pilot licence may act as PIC of an aircraft for compensation or hire, including the carriage of persons or property for compensation or hire, provided the pilot is qualified in accordance with the applicable parts of these schedule.

(2) A commercial pilot with a lighter-than-air category ratings may — (i) For an airship —

(A) Give flight and ground training in an airship for the issuance of a licence or rating;

(B) Endorse a pilot licence for an airship; and (C) Act as PIC of an airship under IFR.

(ii) For a balloon — (A) Give flight and ground training in a balloon for the issuance of a

licence or rating; and (B) Endorse a pilot licence for a balloon.

(b) Limitations. (1) The Authority shall issue to an applicant for a commercial pilot licence with

an aeroplane category or powered-lift category rating who does not hold an instrument rating in the same category and class a commercial pilot licence that contains the limitation: “The carriage of passengers for hire in (aeroplanes) (powered-lifts) on cross-country flights in excess of 50 nautical miles or at night is prohibited”.

(2) A pilot may remove the limitation specified in paragraph (b)(1) by satisfactorily accomplishing the requirements prescribed by the Authority for an instrument rating in the same category and class of aircraft that has the limitation.

(3) If an applicant for a commercial pilot licence with a balloon rating takes a practical test in a balloon with an airborne heater —

(i) The Authority shall place upon the pilot licence a limitation restricting the exercise of the privileges of that licence to a balloon with an airborne heater.

(ii) The pilot may remove the limitation specified in paragraph (b)(3)(i) by obtaining the required aeronautical experience in a gas balloon and receiving a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor who attests to the pilot’s accomplishment of the required aeronautical experience and ability to satisfactorily operate a gas balloon.

(4) If an applicant for a commercial pilot licence with a balloon rating takes a practical test in a gas balloon —

(i) The Authority shall place upon the pilot licence a limitation restricting the exercise of the privileges of that licence to a gas balloon; and

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(ii) The pilot may remove the limitation specified in paragraph (b)(4)(i) by obtaining the required aeronautical experience in a balloon with an airborne heater and receiving a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor who attests to the person’s accomplishment of the required aeronautical experience and ability to satisfactorily operate a balloon with an airborne heater.

Section V: Airline Transport Pilots 8.245 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the requirements for the issuance of airline transport

pilot licences and ratings, and the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary.

8.250 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) To be eligible for an airline transport pilot licence, a person shall —

(1) Be at least 21 years of age; (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language; (3) Meet at least one of the following requirements —

(i) Hold a valid and current commercial pilot licence and an instrument rating;

(ii) Meet the military experience requirements to qualify for a commercial pilot licence, and an instrument rating if the person is a rated military pilot or former rated military pilot of an Armed Force of The Bahamas; or

(iii) Hold either a foreign airline transport pilot or foreign commercial pilot licence and an instrument rating issued by another Contracting State;

(4) Meet the aeronautical applicable experience requirements of this Subpart before applying for the practical test;

(5) Pass a knowledge test on the applicable aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the Authority that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought;

(6) Pass the practical test on the applicable areas of operation prescribed by the Authority that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought.

8.255 AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE (a) General. The Authority will administer a knowledge test for an airline transport

pilot licence based on the aeronautical knowledge areas appropriate to the aircraft category and class rating sought.

(b) An applicant for an air transport licence shall receive and log ground training from an authorised instructor, or complete a home-study course on the required aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the Authority.

8.260 FLIGHT PROFICIENCY (a) An applicant for an airline transport pilot licence shall receive and log ground

and flight training from an authorised instructor on the areas of operation of this subsection that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought. See Appendix 1 to 8.260 for detailed requirements concerning training for aircraft category and class ratings sought.

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8.265 AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE: AEROPLANE CATEGORY RATING

(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this subsection, an applicant for an airline transport pilot licence with an aeroplane category and class rating shall have at least 1,500 hours of total time as a pilot that includes at least — (1) 500 hours of cross-country flight time; (2) 100 hours of night flight time; (3) 75 hours of instrument flight time, in actual or simulated instrument

conditions — (4) Not more than one of the following in an approved flight simulator or

approved flight training device representing an aeroplane — (i) 25 hours of simulated instrument time;

(ii) 50 hours of simulated instrument time if the training was accomplished in a course conducted by an ATO;

(5) 100 hours of aeronautical experience requirements in an approved course conducted by an ATO; and

(6) 250 hours of flight time in an aeroplane as a PIC, or as SIC performing the duties and functions of a PIC while under the supervision of a PIC or any combination thereof, which includes at least —

(i) 100 hours of cross-country flight time; and (ii) 25 hours of night flight time.

(b) A pilot who has performed at least 20 night takeoffs and landings to a full stop may substitute each additional night takeoff and landing to a full stop for 1 hour of night flight time to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (a)(2) of this subsection, not to exceed 25 hours of night flight time.

(c) A commercial pilot applicant may credit the following SIC flight time or flight- engineer flight time toward the 1,500 hours of total time as a pilot required by paragraph (a) of this subsection — (1) SIC time acquired in an aeroplane —

(i) Required to have more than one pilot by the aeroplane’s flight manual or type certificate; or

(ii) Engaged in operations under Schedule 12 for which a SIC is required. (2) Flight-engineer time acquired —

(i) In an aeroplane required to have a flight engineer by the aeroplane’s flight manual or type certificate;

(ii) While engaged in operations under Schedule 12 for which a flight engineer is required;

(iii) While the pilot is participating in a pilot training program approved under Schedule 12; and

(iv) That does not exceed 1 hour for each 3 hours of flight engineer flight time for a total credited time of no more than 500 hours.

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8.270 AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE: ROTORCRAFT CATEGORY AND HELICOPTER CLASS RATING

(a) An applicant for an airline transport pilot licence with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, shall have at least 1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that includes at least — (1) 500 hours of cross-country flight time; (2) 100 hours of night flight time, of which 15 hours are in helicopters; (3) 200 hours of flight time in helicopters, which includes at least 75 hours as

a PIC, or as SIC performing the duties and functions of a PIC under the supervision of a PIC, or any combination thereof; and

(4) 75 hours of instrument flight time in actual or simulated instrument meteorological conditions, of which at least 50 hours are obtained in flight with at least 25 hours in helicopters as a PIC, or as SIC performing the duties and functions of a PIC under the supervision of a PIC, or any combination thereof.

(5) Not more than one of the following in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device representing a rotorcraft —

(i) 25 hours of simulated instrument time; (ii) 50 hours of simulated instrument time if the training was accomplished

in a course conducted by an ATO. 8.275 AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE: POWERED-LIFT

FLIGHT TIME (a) An applicant for an airline transport pilot licence with a powered-lift category

rating shall have at least 1,500 hours of total time as a pilot that includes at least — (1) 500 hours of cross-country flight time; (2) 100 hours of night flight time; (3) 250 hours in a powered-lift as a PIC, or as a SIC performing the duties and

functions of a PIC under the supervision of a PIC, or any combination thereof, which includes at least —

(i) 100 hours of cross-country flight time; and (ii) 25 hours of night flight time.

(4) 75 hours of instrument flight time in actual or simulated instrument conditions;

(5) Not more than one of the following in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device representing a powered-lift —

(i) 25 hours of simulated instrument time; (ii) 50 hours of simulated instrument time if the training was accomplished

in a course conducted by an ATO. (b) 100 hours of aeronautical experience in an approved course conducted by an

ATO.

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8.280 ADDITIONAL AIRCRAFT CATEGORY, CLASS, AND TYPE RATINGS

(a) An applicant for an airline transport licence with a category rating who holds an airline transport pilot licence with another aircraft category rating shall — (1) Meet the applicable eligibility requirements; (2) Pass a knowledge test on the applicable aeronautical knowledge areas; (3) Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements; and (4) Pass the practical test on the areas of operation.

(b) Aircraft type rating. An applicant for an aircraft type rating to an airline transport pilot licence is not required to pass a knowledge test if that pilot’s airline transport pilot licence lists the aircraft category and class rating that is appropriate to the type rating sought.

8.285 AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT PRIVILEGES (a) The Authority extends to the holder of an airline transport pilot licence the

same privileges as those extended to a holder of a commercial pilot licence with an instrument rating and the privilege to act as PIC and SIC in aircraft in commercial air transportation.

(b) An airline transport pilot may instruct — (1) Other pilots in air transportation service in aircraft of the category, class,

and type, as applicable, for which the airline transport pilot is rated, and in simulation of those aircraft, and endorse the logbook or other training record of the person to whom training has been given;

(2) Only as provided in this subsection, unless the airline transport pilot also holds a flight instructor licence, in which case the holder may exercise the instructor privileges of This Schedule for which he or she is rated.

(c) Excluding briefings and debriefings, an airline transport pilot may not instruct in aircraft, approved flight simulators, and approved flight training devices under this subsection — (1) For more than 8 hours in any 24-consecutive-hour period; or (2) For more than 36 hours in any 7-consecutive-day period.

(d) An airline transport pilot may not instruct in Category II or Category III operations unless he or she has been trained and successfully tested under Category II or Category III operations, as applicable.

Section VI: Flight Instructors 8.290 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the requirements for the issuance of flight instructor

licences and ratings, the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary, and the limitations on those licences and ratings.

8.295 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS (a) To be eligible for a flight instructor licence or rating a person shall —

(1) Be at least 18 years of age. (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language.

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(3) Hold either a commercial pilot licence or airline transport pilot licence with — (i) An aircraft category and class rating that is appropriate to the flight

instructor rating sought; and (ii) An instrument rating, if the person holds a commercial pilot licence and

is applying for a flight instructor licence with — (A) An aeroplane category and single-engine class rating; (B) An aeroplane category and multi-engine class rating; (C) A powered-lift rating; or (D) An instrument rating.

(4) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor on the fundamentals of instructing prescribed by the Authority appropriate to the required knowledge test.

(5) Pass a knowledge test on the areas prescribed by the Authority, (6) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor on the areas

of operation prescribed by the Authority appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought.

(7) Pass the required practical test that is appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought in an — (i) Aircraft that is representative of the category and class of aircraft

for the aircraft rating sought; or (ii) Approved flight simulator or approved flight training device that is

representative of the category and class of aircraft for the rating sought, and used in accordance with an approved course at an ATO.

(8) Accomplish the following for a flight instructor licence with an aeroplane or a glider rating: (i) Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorised instructor

indicating that the applicant is competent and possesses instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures after receiving flight training in those training areas in an aeroplane or glider, as appropriate, that is certified for spins.

(ii) Demonstrate instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures.

(9) An examiner may accept the endorsement specified in paragraph (9)(i) of this subsection as satisfactory evidence of instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures for the practical test, provided that the practical test is not a retest as a result of the applicant failing the previous test for deficiencies in those knowledge or skill areas.

(10) If a retest is the result of deficiencies in the ability of an applicant to demonstrate the requisite knowledge or skill, the applicant shall demonstrate the knowledge and skill to an examiner in an aeroplane or glider, as appropriate, that is certified for spins.

(11) Log at least 15 hours as PIC in the category and class of aircraft that is appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought; and

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(12) Comply with the appropriate sections that apply to the flight instructor rating sought.

8.300 AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE (a) An applicant for a flight instructor licence shall receive and log ground training

from an authorised instructor on — (1) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection, the fundamentals of

instructing, including — (i) The learning process;

(ii) Elements of effective teaching; (iii) Student evaluation and testing; (iv) Course development; (v) Lesson planning; and

(vi) Classroom training techniques; (2) The aeronautical knowledge areas for a private and commercial pilot licence

applicable to the aircraft category for which flight instructor privileges are sought; and

(3) The aeronautical knowledge areas for the instrument rating applicable to the category for which instrument flight instructor privileges are sought.

(b) The following applicants do not need to comply with paragraph (a) of this subsection — (1) The holder of a ground instructor licence issued under this part; (2) The holder of a current teacher’s certificate issued by a national or local

authority that authorises the person to teach at an educational level of the 7th grade or higher; or

(3) A person employed as a teacher at an accredited college or university. 8.305 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR: AREAS OF OPERATION FOR FLIGHT

PROFICIENCY (a) An applicant for a flight instructor licence shall receive and log flight and

ground training, and an endorsement from an authorised instructor, that the person is proficient to pass a practical test for the flight instructor rating sought.

(b) An applicant may accomplish the flight training required by this subsection — (1) In an aircraft that is representative of the category and class of aircraft for

the rating sought; or (2) In a flight simulator or flight training device representative of the category

and class of aircraft for the rating sought, and used in accordance with an approved course at an ATO.

See Appendix 1 to 8.305 for a list of areas of operation that apply to the practical test for a flight instructor rating.

8.310 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR RECORDS (a) A flight instructor shall —

(1) Sign the logbook of each person to whom that instructor has given flight training or ground training;

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(2) Maintain a record in a logbook or a separate document that contains the following — (i) The name of each person whose logbook or student pilot licence that

instructor has endorsed for solo flight privileges, and the date of the endorsement; and

(ii) The name of each person that instructor has endorsed for a knowledge test or practical test, and a record of the kind of test, the date, and the results; and

(3) Retain the records required by this subsection for at least 3 years. 8.315 ADDITIONAL FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR RATINGS (a) An applicant for an additional flight instructor rating on a flight instructor

licence shall meet the eligibility requirements prescribed by the Authority that apply to the flight instructor rating sought.

(b) An applicant for an additional rating on a flight instructor licence is not required to pass the knowledge test on the areas prescribed by the Authority.

8.320 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR PRIVILEGES (a) A flight instructor is authorised within the limitations of that person’s flight

instructor licence and ratings, and pilot licence and ratings, to give training and endorsements that are required for, and relate to — (1) A student pilot licence; (2) A pilot licence; (3) A flight instructor licence; (4) A ground instructor licence; (5) An aircraft rating; (6) An instrument rating; (7) A flight review, operating privilege, or recency of experience requirement; (8) A practical test; and (9) A knowledge test.

8.325 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR LIMITATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS (a) The holder of a flight instructor certificate shall observe the limitations and

qualifications applicable to flight instructors. See Appendix 1 to 8.325 for detailed list of flight instructor limitations and qualifications.

8.330 RENEWAL OF FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR LICENCES (a) A flight instructor licence that has not expired may be renewed for an additional

24 calendar months if the holder — (1) Passes a practical test for —

(i) Renewal of the flight instructor licence; or (ii) An additional flight instructor rating; or

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(2) Presents to the Authority — (i) A record of training students that shows during the preceding 24

calendar months the flight instructor has endorsed at least five students for a practical test for a licence or rating, and at least 80 percent of those students passed that test on the first attempt;

(ii) A record that shows that within the preceding 24 calendar months, service as a company check pilot, chief flight instructor, company check airman, or flight instructor in a Schedule 12 operation, or in a position involving the regular evaluation of pilots; or

(iii) A graduation certificate showing that the pilot has successfully completed an approved flight instructor refresher course consisting of ground training or flight training, or both, within the 90 days preceding the expiration month of his or her flight instructor licence.

(b) If a flight instructor accomplishes the renewal requirements within the 90 days preceding the expiration month of his or her flight instructor licence — (1) The Authority shall consider that the flight instructor accomplished the

renewal requirement in the month due; and (2) The Authority shall renew the current flight instructor licence for an

additional 24 calendar months from its expiration date. (c) A flight instructor may accomplish the practical test required by paragraph

(a)(1) of this subsection in an approved course conducted by an ATO. 8.335 EXPIRED FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR LICENCES AND

RATINGS (a) The holder of an expired flight instructor licence may exchange that licence for a

new licence by passing the prescribed practical test. Section VII: Flight Engineers 8.340 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the requirements for issuing flight engineer licences. 8.345 LICENCES AND RATINGS REQUIRED (a) No person may act as a flight engineer of a civil aircraft of The Bahamas registry

unless he or she has a flight engineer licence with appropriate ratings. (b) When a flight engineer is operating in a foreign country, a flight engineer may

use a current flight engineer licence issued by the country in which the aircraft is operated.

8.350 SPECIAL PURPOSE FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE: A PERSON NOT A CITIZEN OF THE BAHAMAS

(a) General. (1) The Authority may issue to the holder of a current flight engineer licence,

or authorisation issued by another Contracting State, who meets the requirements of this subsection, a special purpose flight engineer licence authorising the holder to perform flight engineer duties on a civil aeroplane of The Bahamas registry, leased to a person not a citizen of The Bahamas, carrying persons or property for compensation or hire.

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(2) The Authority will issue special purpose flight engineer licences under this subsection only for aeroplane types that can have a maximum passenger seating configuration, excluding any flight crew member seat, of more than 30 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds.

(b) Eligibility. To be eligible for the issuance, or renewal, of a licence under this subsection, an applicant shall present the following to the Authority: (1) A current foreign flight engineer licence, or authorisation which —

(i) Was issued by the aeronautical authority of another Contracting State or a facsimile acceptable to the Authority; and

(ii) Authorises the applicant to perform the flight engineer duties to be authorised by a licence issued under this subsection on the same aeroplane type as the leased aeroplane.

(2) A current certification by the lessee of the aeroplane — (i) Stating that the applicant is employed by the lessee;

(ii) Specifying the aeroplane type on which the applicant will perform flight engineer duties; and

(iii) Stating that the applicant has received ground and flight instruction which qualifies the applicant to perform the duties to be assigned on the aeroplane.

(3) Documentation showing that the applicant currently meets the medical standards for the foreign flight engineer licence required by paragraph (b)(1) of this subsection.

(c) Privileges. The holder of a special purpose flight engineer licence issued under this subsection may exercise the same privileges as those shown on the licence or authorisation specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this subsection, subject to the limitations specified in this subsection.

(d) Limitations. A licence issued under this subsection is subject to the limitations prescribed by the Authority.

(e) Termination. Each special purpose flight engineer licence issued under this subsection terminates — (1) When the lease agreement for the aeroplane provided with the application

for the licence terminates; (2) When the foreign flight engineer licence, authorisation, or the medical

documentation required for the licence is suspended, revoked, or no longer valid; or

(3) After 24 months after the month in which the special purpose flight engineer licence was issued.

(f) Renewal. The licence holder may have the licence renewed by complying with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this subsection at the time of application for renewal.

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8.355 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS — GENERAL (a) To be eligible for a flight engineer licence, a person shall —

(1) Be at least 18 years of age; (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language; and (3) Comply with the requirements of this subsection that apply to the rating

sought. 8.360 ADDITIONAL AIRCRAFT RATINGS (a) To add another aircraft class rating to a flight engineer licence, an applicant

shall — (1) Pass the knowledge test and practical test that is appropriate to the class of

aeroplane for which an additional rating is sought; or (2) Satisfactorily complete an approved flight engineer training program that is

appropriate to the additional class rating sought. 8.365 KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for a flight engineer licence shall pass a knowledge test on the

following: (1) The schedule that applies to a flight engineer. (2) The theory of flight and aerodynamics. (3) Basic meteorology with respect to engine operations. (4) Centre of gravity computations.

(b) An applicant for the original or additional issue of a flight engineer class rating shall pass a knowledge test for that aeroplane class on the following: (1) Aeroplane equipment. (2) Aeroplane systems. (3) Aeroplane loading. (4) Aeroplane procedures and engine operations with respect to limitations. (5) Normal operating procedures. (6) Emergency procedures.

(c) Before taking the knowledge tests prescribed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection, an applicant for a flight engineer licence shall present satisfactory evidence of having completed one of the experience requirements.

(d) An applicant may take the knowledge tests before acquiring the flight training prescribed by the Authority.

(e) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this subsection, an applicant for a flight engineer licence or rating shall have passed the knowledge tests required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection since the beginning of the 24th calendar month before the month in which the practical test is taken.

(f) An applicant who within the period ending 24 calendar months after passing the knowledge test, is employed as a flight crew member or mechanic by a The Bahamas air carrier or certificate holder need not comply with the time limit set in paragraph (e) of this subsection if the applicant —

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(1) Is employed by such a certificate holder at the time of the practical test; and (2) If employed as a flight crew member, has completed initial training, and, if

appropriate, transition, upgrade, recurrent training; or (3) If employed as an AMT, meets the recency of experience requirements.

(g) An AOC holder may, when authorised by the Authority, provide as part of an approved training program a knowledge test that it may administer to satisfy the test required for an additional rating under paragraph (b) of this subsection.

8.370 AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS (a) Except as otherwise specified herein, an applicant for a flight engineer licence

shall obtain and log the flight time used to satisfy the aeronautical experience requirements of paragraph (b) of this subsection on an aeroplane on which a flight engineer is required by these schedule.

(b) An applicant for a flight engineer licence with a class rating shall present, for the class rating sought, satisfactory evidence of one of the following, including the practical experience with the aircraft described in paragraph (a) of this subsection — (1) At least 3 years of practical experience in aircraft and aircraft engine

maintenance and at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight engineer.

(2) Graduation from at least a 2-year specialised aeronautical training course in maintaining aircraft and aircraft engines and at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight engineer.

(3) A degree in aeronautical, electrical, or mechanical engineering from a recognised college, university, or engineering school; at least 6 calendar months of practical experience in maintaining aircraft and at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight engineer.

(4) At least a commercial pilot licence with an instrument rating and at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight engineer.

(5) At least 200 hours of flight time in a transport category aeroplane as PIC or SIC performing the functions of a PIC under the supervision of a PIC.

(6) At least 100 hours of flight time as a flight engineer. (7) Within the 90-day period before application, successful completion of an

approved flight engineer ground and flight course of instruction. 8.375 SKILL REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for a flight engineer licence with a class rating shall pass a practical

test on the duties of a flight engineer — (1) In the class of aeroplane for which a rating is sought; and (2) Only on an aeroplane or an approved flight simulator replicating such an

aeroplane. (b) An applicant shall —

(1) Show satisfactorily performance in preflight inspection, servicing, starting, pre-takeoff, and post-landing procedures;

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(2) In flight, show satisfactorily performance of the normal duties and procedures relating to the aeroplane, aeroplane engines, propellers (if appropriate), systems, and appliances; and

(3) In flight, in an aeroplane simulator, or in an approved training device, show satisfactorily performance on emergency duties and procedures and recognise and take appropriate action for malfunctions of the aeroplane, engines, propellers (if appropriate), systems and appliances.

8.380 FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE ISSUED ON BASIS OF A FOREIGN FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE

(a) The Authority may issue a flight engineer licence on the basis of a foreign flight engineer licence.

(b) A flight engineer licence issued under this subsection expires at the end of the 24th month after the month in which the licence was issued or renewed.

(c) Ratings issued. The Authority may add to a licence issued under this subsection those aircraft class ratings listed on the applicant’s foreign flight engineer licence, in addition to any issued after testing under the provisions of this Subpart.

(d) Privileges and limitations. (1) The holder of a flight engineer licence issued under this subsection may act

as a flight engineer of a civil aircraft of The Bahamas registry, within and outside The Bahamas, subject to the limitations of this Subpart and any additional limitations placed on the licence by the Authority.

(2) The holder of a licence issued under this subsection may not act in any capacity as a required flight crew member of a civil aircraft of The Bahamas registry that is carrying persons or property for compensation or hire.

(e) Renewal of licence and ratings. (1) The holder of a licence issued under this subsection may apply for, and the

Authority may renew, that licence and the ratings placed thereon if, at the time of application for renewal, the foreign flight engineer licence on which that licence is based is in effect.

(2) In order to renew a licence, the holder shall apply before expiration of the current licence.

See Appendix 1 to 8.400 for the flight engineer licensing requirements. SUBPART C

LICENSING: AIRMEN OTHER THAN FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS 8.385 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the requirements for issuing the following licences,

ratings, and inspection authorisations for — (1) Ground instructors; (2) Flight operations officers; (3) Aviation maintenance technicians; (4) Aviation repair specialist; and (5) Parachute riggers;

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(6) Air traffic controllers; (Reserved) (7) ATC facility rating (Reserved).

Section I: Ground Instructors 8.390 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the requirements for the issuance of ground instructor

licences and ratings, the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary, and the limitations of those licences and ratings.

8.395 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS (a) To be eligible for a ground instructor licence or rating a person shall —

(1) Be at least 18 years of age. (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. (3) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection, pass a knowledge

test on the fundamentals of instructing to include — (i) The learning process;

(ii) Elements of effective teaching; (iii) Student evaluation and testing; (iv) Course development; (v) Lesson planning; and

(vi) Classroom training techniques. (4) Pass a knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas prescribed by the

Authority — (i) For a basic ground instructor rating;

(ii) For an advanced ground instructor rating; and (iii) For an instrument ground instructor rating.

(b) The knowledge test specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this subsection is not required if the applicant — (1) Holds a ground instructor licence or flight instructor licence issued under

this part; (2) Holds a current teacher’s certificate issued by a State, county, city, or

municipality that authorises the person to teach at an educational level of the 7th grade or higher; or

(3) Is employed as a teacher at an accredited college or university. 8.400 GROUND INSTRUCTOR PRIVILEGES (a) The holder of a ground instructor licence may exercise the privileges appropriate

to the rating held. See Appendix 1 to 8.400 for list of ground instructor privileges.

8.405 CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS (a) The holder of a ground instructor licence may not perform the duties of a

ground instructor unless, within the preceding 12 months —

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(1) The person has served for at least 3 months as a ground instructor; or (2) The Authority has determined that the person meets the standards

prescribed in this Schedule for the licence and rating. Section II: Flight Operations Officers 8.410 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the requirements for issuance of a flight operations

officer licence. 8.415 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) An applicant for an aircraft flight operations officer licence shall —

(1) Be at least 21 years of age; (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language; and (3) Comply with prescribed requirements of this Section.

8.420 KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for an aircraft flight operations officer licence shall pass a

knowledge test. (b) The Authority will accept evidence of satisfactory completion of a knowledge

test for 24 months after the date the test for eligibility to take the practical test. 8.425 EXPERIENCE OR TRAINING REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for an aircraft flight operations officer licence shall present

documentary evidence satisfactory to the Authority that the applicant has the experience or training as follows: (1) A total of at least 2 out of the last 3 years before the date of application, in

any one or in any combination of the following areas — (i) In military operations as a —

(A) Pilot; (B) Flight navigator; or (C) Meteorologist.

(ii) In commercial air transport operations as — (A) An assistant in dispatching air carrier aircraft, under the direct

supervision of a flight operations officer licenced under this subsection;

(B) A pilot; (C) A flight engineer; or (D) A meteorologist.

(iii) In other aircraft operations as — (A) An Air Traffic Controller; (B) A Flight Service Specialist; or

(iv) Another duty that the Authority’s flight operations officer licensing representative finds to provide equivalent experience.

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(2) Within 90 days before the date of application, the applicant shall have successfully completed a course of instruction approved by the Authority.

8.430 SKILL REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for an aircraft flight operations officer licence shall pass a practical

test given by the Authority. Section III: Aviation Maintenance Technicians 8.435 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the requirements for issuance of an AMT licence and

associated ratings. 8.440 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) An applicant for an AMT licence and any associated rating shall —

(1) Be at least 18 years of age; (2) Demonstrate the ability to read, write, speak, and understand the [English]

language by reading and explaining appropriate maintenance publications and by writing defect and repair statements;

(3) Comply with the knowledge, experience, and competency requirements prescribed for the rating sought; and

(4) Pass all of the prescribed tests for the rating sought, within a period of 24 months.

(b) A licenced AMT who applies for an additional rating must meet the prescribed requirements and, within a period of 24 months, pass the prescribed tests for the additional rating sought.

8.445 RATINGS (a) The following ratings are issued under this subpart:

(1) Airframe. (2) Powerplant. (3) Aircraft type ratings for aircraft with a takeoff gross weight of more than

5700 kg. (4) Powerplant type ratings for powerplants on aircraft with a takeoff gross

weight of more than 5700 kg. (5) Other specialized ratings as may be determined by the Authority.

8.450 AIRCRAFT RATING: KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS (a) Each applicant for an AMT licence or rating shall, after meeting the applicable

experience requirements, pass the applicable knowledge tests covering the construction and maintenance of aircraft appropriate to the rating sought and the applicable provisions in Schedule 5. The basic principles covering the installation and maintenance of propellers are included in the powerplant test.

(b) The applicant shall pass each section of the test before applying for the prescribed oral and practical tests.

8.455 EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS (a) Each applicant for an AMT licence or rating shall present —

(1) An appropriate graduation certificate or a certificate of completion from an ATO; or

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(2) Documentary evidence, acceptable to the Authority, of: (i) At least 18 months of practical experience with the procedures,

practices, materials, tools, machine tools, and equipment generally used in constructing, maintaining, or altering airframes, or powerplants appropriate to the rating sought; or

(ii) At least 30 months of practical experience concurrently performing the duties appropriate to both the airframe and powerplant ratings.

8.460 SKILL REQUIREMENTS (a) Each applicant for an AMT licence or rating must pass an oral and a practical

test on the rating he seeks. The tests cover the applicant’s basic skill in performing practical projects on the subjects covered by the written test for that rating. An applicant for a powerplant rating must show his ability to make satisfactory minor repairs to, and minor alterations of, propeller.

8.465 ATO STUDENTS (a) Whenever an ATO school, certified under these schedules, demonstrates to the

Authority that a student is prepared to take the prescribed knowledge tests, that student may take those tests before meeting the applicable experience requirements and before passing the knowledge tests.

8.470 AMT PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS (a) The privileges and limitations of the licenced AMT are contained in

Schedule 5. 8.475 RECENT EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS (a) The recent experience requirements for a licenced AMT are contained in

Schedule 5. Section IV: Inspection Authorisations 8.480 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the requirements for issuance of inspection authorisa-

tions, and the conditions under which these authorisations are necessary. 8.485 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) An applicant for an Inspection Authorisation shall comply with all eligibility

requirements. (b) To be eligible for an Inspection Authorisation, an applicant shall —

(1) Hold a currently effective and valid AMT licence with both an airframe rating and a powerplant rating, each of which is currently effective and has been in effect for a total of at least 3 years;

(2) Have been actively engaged, for at least the 2-year period before the date of application, in the maintenance of certificated aircraft and maintained in accordance with these schedules;

(3) Have a fixed base of operations at which the applicant may be located in person or by telephone during a normal working week but which need not be the place where the applicant will exercise inspection authority;

(4) Have available the equipment, facilities, and inspection data necessary to properly inspect airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, or any related component, part, or appliance;

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(5) Pass a knowledge test that demonstrates the applicant’s ability to inspect according to safety standards for approving aircraft for return to service after major and minor repairs, major and minor modifications, annual inspections, and progressive inspections, which are performed under Schedule 5; and

(c) An applicant who fails the knowledge test prescribed in paragraph (a)(5) of this section may not apply for retesting until at least 90 days after the date he/she failed the test.

8.490 INSPECTION AUTHORISATION: DURATION (a) Each inspection authorisation expires on June 31 of each year. However, the

holder may exercise the privileges of that authorisation only while he/she holds a currently effective AMT licence with both a currently effective airframe rating and a currently effective powerplant rating.

(b) An inspection authorisation ceases to be effective whenever any of the following occurs: (1) The authorisation is surrendered, suspended, or revoked. (2) The holder no longer has a fixed base of operation. (3) The holder no longer has the equipment, facilities, and prescribed inspection

data for issuance of his/her authorisation. (c) The holder of an inspection authorisation that is suspended or revoked shall,

upon the Authority’s request, return it to the Authority. 8.495 RENEWAL OF AUTHORISATION (a) To be eligible for renewal of an Inspection Authorisation for a 1-year period,

an applicant shall, within 90 days prior to the expiration of the authorisation, present evidence to an office designated by the Authority that the applicant still meets the requirements and show that, during the current period of authorisation, the applicant has — (1) Performed at least one annual inspection during each 3-month period the

applicant held the authorisation; (2) Performed inspections of at least two major repairs or major modifications

for each 3-month period the applicant held the authorisation; (3) Performed or supervised and approved at least one progressive inspection in

accordance with standards prescribed by the Authority for each 12-month period the applicant held the authorisation;

(4) Performed any combination of paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3); (5) Successfully completed an Inspection Authorisation refresher course or

series of courses acceptable to the Authority, of not less than 16 hours of instruction during the 12-month period preceding the application for renewal; or

(6) Passed a knowledge test administered by the Authority to determine that the applicant’s knowledge of applicable schedules and standards is current.

(b) The holder of an inspection authorisation that has been in effect for less than 3 months before the expiration date need not comply with paragraph (a)(1) through (5) of this section.

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8.500 PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS (a) The privileges and limitations for the holder of an Inspection Authorisation (IA)

are contained in Schedule 5. Section V: Aviation Repair Specialists 8.505 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the requirements for issuance of Aviation Repair

Specialists (ARS) licences and ratings, and the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary.

8.510 AVIATION REPAIR SPECIALIST LICENCES: ELIGIBILITY

(a) An applicant for an aviation repair specialist licence and shall — (1) Be at least 18 years of age; (2) Demonstrate the ability to read, write, speak, and understand the English

language by reading and explaining appropriate maintenance publications and by writing defect and repair statements;

(3) By specially qualified to perform maintenance on aircraft or components thereof, appropriate to the job for which he/she was employed;

(4) Be employed for a specific job requiring those special qualifications by a repair station certificated under Schedule 6 or a air operator certificated under Schedule 12 that is required by its operating certificate or approved specific operating provisions to provide maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications to aircraft approved with a continuous maintenance program according to its maintenance control manual;

(5) Be recommended for certification by his employer, to the satisfaction of the Authority, as able to satisfactorily maintain aircraft or components, appropriate to the job for which he is employed;

(6) Have either: (i) At least 18 months of practical experience in the procedures, practices,

inspection methods, materials, tools, machine tools, and equipment generally used in the maintenance duties of the specific job for which the person is to be employed and certificated; or

(ii) Completed formal training that is acceptable to the Authority and is specifically designed to qualify the applicant for the job on which the applicant is to be employed;

(7) This section does not apply to the issuance of an aviation repair specialist licence (experimental aircraft builder).

8.515 RATINGS (a) The following ratings are issued under this Section:

(1) Propeller. (2) Avionics. (3) Computer. (4) Instrument. (5) Accessory.

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(6) Other specialized ratings as may be determined by the Authority. Note: At no instance shall an aviation repair specialist licence be issued with an airframe and/or powerplant rating to circumvent the process of obtaining an AMT licence.

(b) Ratings for an applicant employed by an approved maintenance organisation shall coincide with the rating(s) issued at the approved maintenance organisation limited to the specific job for which the person is employed to perform, supervise, or approve for return to service. Note: At no instance shall an aviation repair specialist licence be issued a rating in which the AMO has not been issued.

(c) Ratings for an applicant employed by an air operator shall coincide with the approved specific operating provisions and the approved maintenance control manual that identifies the air operator’s authorisations limited to the specific job for which the person is employed to perform, supervise, or approve for return to service. Note: When employed by an air operator with the authorisation to perform and approve for return to service maintenance under an equivalent system in Schedule 12, an aviation repair specialist licence should correspond to the speciality shop or group in which they perform, supervise, or approve for return to service an aeronautical product or aircraft. For example, Hydraulic component overhaul, landing gear overhaul, special inspections, non-destructive testing, turbine disc overhaul, etc.

8.520 AVIATION REPAIR SPECIALIST LICENCES: PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS

(a) The privileges and limitations for a licenced ARS are contained in Schedule 5. 8.525 AVIATION REPAIR SPECIALIST LICENCE: EXPERIMENTAL

AIRCRAFT BUILDER — ELIGIBILITY, PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS

(a) To be eligible for a aviation repair specialist licence (experimental aircraft builder), an individual shall: (1) Be at least 18 years of age; (2) Be the primary builder of the aircraft to which the privileges of the licence

are applicable; (3) Show to the satisfaction of the Authority that the individual has the

requisite skill to determine whether the aircraft is in a condition for safe operations; and

(4) Be a citizen of The Bahamas or an individual citizen of a foreign country who has lawfully been admitted for permanent residence in The Bahamas.

(b) The holder of an aviation repair specialist licence (experimental aircraft builder) may perform condition inspections on the aircraft constructed by the holder in accordance with the operating limitations of that aircraft.

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8.530 AVIATION REPAIR SPECIALIST LICENCES: EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT BUILDER — RATINGS

(a) The following rating will be issued under this paragraph: (1) Experimental Aircraft Builder.

(b) The following information shall be required to follow the rating: (1) Aircraft Make. (2) Aircraft Model. (3) Aircraft Serial Number. (4) Certification Date of Aircraft.

Section VI: Parachute Riggers 8.535 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the requirements for issuance of a parachute rigger

licences and ratings, and the conditions under which those licences and ratings are necessary.

8.540 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (a) To be eligible for a parachute rigger licence, a person shall —

(1) Be at least 18 years of age; and (2) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language; (3) Comply with the sections of this subpart that apply to the licence and type

rating he or she seeks. 8.545 LICENCE REQUIRED (a) No person may pack, maintain, or alter any personnel-carrying parachute

intended for emergency use in connection with civil aircraft of The Bahamas unless he or she holds an appropriate current licence and type rating issued under this Subpart and complies with the prescribed requirements.

(b) Except as allowed by paragraph (c) of this subsection, no person may pack, maintain, or alter any main parachute of a dual parachute pack to be used for intentional jumping from a civil aircraft of The Bahamas unless he or she has an appropriate valid licence issued under this Section.

(c) A person who does not hold a licence may pack the main parachute of a dual parachute pack that is to be used by him or her for intentional jumping.

(d) Each person who holds a parachute rigger licence shall present it for inspection upon the request of the Authority or an authorised representative of the Director General Office, or any Federal, State or local law enforcement officer.

(e) The following parachute rigger licences are issued under this Section: (1) Senior parachute rigger. (2) Master parachute rigger.

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8.550 SENIOR PARACHUTE RIGGER LICENCE: EXPERIENCE, KNOWLEDGE, AND SKILL REQUIREMENTS

(a) An applicant for a senior parachute rigger licence shall — (1) Present evidence satisfactory to the Authority that he or she has packed at

least 20 parachutes of each type for which he or she seeks a rating, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and under the supervision of a licenced parachute rigger holding a rating for that type or a person holding an appropriate military rating;

(2) Pass a knowledge test, with respect to a parachute applicable to at least one type parachute appropriate to the type rating sought, on —

(i) Construction, packing, and maintenance; (ii) The manufacturer’s instructions;

(iii) The schedules of this Subpart; and (3) Pass an oral and practical test showing the ability to pack and maintain at

least one type of parachute appropriate to the type rating sought. 8.555 MASTER PARACHUTE RIGGER LICENCE: EXPERIENCE,

KNOWLEDGE, AND SKILL REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for a master parachute rigger licence shall meet the following

requirements: (1) Present evidence satisfactory to the Authority of at least 3 years of

experience as a parachute rigger and having satisfactorily packed at least 100 parachutes of each of two types appropriate to type ratings held, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions —

(i) While a licenced and appropriately rated senior parachute rigger; or (ii) While under the supervision of a licenced and appropriately rated

parachute rigger or a person holding appropriate military ratings. (iii) An applicant may combine experience specified in paragraphs (a) (1)

and (2) of this paragraph to meet the requirements of this subsection. (2) If the applicant is not the holder of a senior parachute rigger licence, pass

a knowledge test, with respect to parachutes appropriate to the type rating sought, on —

(i) Their construction, packing, and maintenance; (ii) The manufacturer’s instructions; and

(iii) The schedules of this Subpart. (3) Pass an oral and practical test showing the ability to pack and maintain two

types of parachutes appropriate to the type ratings sought. 8.560 TYPE RATINGS (a) The following type ratings are issued under this subpart:

(1) Seat. (2) Back. (3) Chest. (4) Lap.

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(b) The holder of a parachute rigger licence who qualifies for a senior parachute rigger licence is entitled to have placed on the senior parachute rigger licence the ratings that were on the parachute rigger licence.

8.565 ADDITIONAL TYPE RATINGS: REQUIREMENTS (a) A licenced parachute rigger who applies for an additional type rating shall —

(1) Present evidence satisfactory to the Authority of having packed at least 20 parachutes of the type rating sought, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and under the supervision of a licenced parachute rigger holding a rating for that type or a person holding an appropriate military rating; and

(2) Pass a practical test, to the satisfaction of the Authority, showing the ability to pack and maintain the type of parachute for which the applicant seeks a rating.

8.570 PRIVILEGES (a) A licenced senior parachute rigger may —

(1) Pack or maintain (except for major repair) any type of parachute for which he or she is rated; and

(2) Supervise other persons in packing any type of parachute for which he or she is rated.

(b) A licenced master parachute rigger may — (1) Pack, maintain, or alter any type of parachute for which he or she is rated;

and (2) Supervise other persons in packing, maintaining, or altering any type of

parachute for which he or she is rated. (c) A licenced parachute rigger need not comply with requirements related to

facilities, equipment, performance standards, records, recent experience, and seal in packing, maintaining, or altering (if authorised) the main parachute of a dual parachute pack to be used for intentional jumping.

8.575 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT (a) No licenced parachute rigger shall exercise the privileges of his licence unless he

or she has at least the following facilities and equipment available — (1) A smooth top table at least three feet wide by 40 feet long; (2) Suitable housing that is adequately heated, lighted, and ventilated for drying

and airing parachutes; (3) Enough packing tools and other equipment to pack and maintain the types

of parachutes serviced; and (4) Adequate housing facilities to perform applicable duties and to protect tools

and equipment. 8.580 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS (a) No licenced parachute rigger may —

(1) Pack, maintain, or alter any parachute unless he or she is rated for that type; (2) Pack a parachute that is not safe for emergency use; (3) Pack a parachute that has not been thoroughly dried and aired;

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(4) Alter a parachute in a manner that is not specifically authorised by the Authority or the manufacturer;

(5) Pack, maintain, or alter a parachute in any manner that deviates from procedures approved by the Authority or the manufacturer of the parachute; or

(6) Exercise the privileges of the licence and type rating unless he or she understands the current manufacturer’s instructions for the operation involved and has — (i) Performed duties under the licence for at least 90 days within the

preceding 12 months; or (ii) Shown to the Authority the ability to perform those duties.

8.585 RECORDS (a) Each licenced parachute rigger shall keep a record of the packing, maintenance,

and alteration of parachutes performed or supervision of those activities. (b) Each licenced parachute rigger who packs a parachute shall enter on the

parachute packing record attached to the parachute, the date and place of the packing, a notation of any defects found during any inspection, and shall sign that record with his or her name and licence number.

(c) Each parachute rigger shall sign the record required by paragraph (b) of this subsection with the name and the number of his or her licence.

(d) The record required by paragraph (a) of this subsection shall contain, with respect to each parachute worked on, a statement of — (1) Its type and make; (2) Its serial number; (3) The name and address of its owner or user; (4) The kind and extent of the work performed; (5) The date when and place where the work was performed; and (6) The results of any drop tests made with it.

(e) Each person who makes a record under paragraph (a) of this subsection shall keep it for at least 2 years after the date it is made.

8.590 SEAL (a) Each licenced parachute rigger shall have a seal with an identifying mark

prescribed by the Authority, and a seal press. (b) After packing a parachute, the parachute rigger shall seal the pack with his or

her seal in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation for that type of parachute.

Section VI: Air Traffic Controllers 8.595 APPLICABILITY

(Reserved) 8.600 REQUIRED LICENCES, AND RATING OR QUALIFICATION

(Reserved)

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8.605 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: GENERAL (Reserved)

8.610 KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS (Reserved)

8.615 SKILL REQUIREMENTS: OPERATING POSITIONS (Reserved)

8.620 PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS: FACILITY RATING (Reserved)

8.625 SKILL REQUIREMENTS: FACILITY RATINGS (Reserved)

8.630 PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS (Reserved)

8.635 MAXIMUM HOURS (Reserved)

8.640 CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS (Reserved)

SUBPART D MEDICAL STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION

Section I: General 8.645 APPLICABILITY (a) This Subpart prescribes the medical standards and certification procedures for

issuing and reissuing Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 medical certificates. 8.650 MEDICAL RECORDS (a) Each applicant for a medical certificate shall provide the medical examiner with

a personally certified statement of medical facts concerning personal, familiar, and hereditary history that is as complete and accurate as the applicant’s knowledge permits.

(b) Whenever the Authority finds that additional medical information or history is needed, the Authority will request that the applicant — (1) Furnish that information; or (2) Authorise any clinic, hospital, physician, or other person to release to the

Authority all available information or records concerning that history. (c) If an applicant or holder of a medical certificate fails to provide the requested

medical information or history, or fails to authorise the release so requested, the Authority may — (1) Suspend, modify, or revoke all medical certificates the airman holds; or (2) In the case of an applicant, deny the application for an airman medical

certificate.

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(d) If an airman medical certificate is suspended or modified under paragraph (c) of this subsection, that suspension or modification remains in effect until — (1) The holder or applicant provides the requested information, history, or

authorisation to the Authority; and (2) The Authority determines whether the holder or applicant meets the

medical standards. 8.655 AVIATION MEDICAL EXAMINER: DEFINITION AND

AUTHORITY (a) The Authority will designate and authorise each AME within The Bahamas

to — (1) Accept applications for physical examinations necessary for issuing

medical certificates under This Schedule. (2) Conduct physical examinations for medical certificates, under the general

supervision of Authority. (3) Issue or deny medical certificates in accordance with this Schedule, subject

to reconsideration by the an authorised representative of the Authority. (4) Issue student pilot certificates under this Schedule.

(b) Each AME shall be qualified and licenced in the practice of medicine and shall have received training in aviation medicine and be knowledgeable of the conditions in which the holders of licences and ratings carry out their duties.

(c) Each AME shall report to the Authority any individual case where, in the examiner’s judgement, an applicant’s failure to meet any requirement could jeopardise flight safety.

8.660 DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY (a) The Authority will delegate to each AME the authority to issue or deny

medical certificates to the extent necessary to — (1) Examine applicants for and holders of medical certificates to determine

whether they meet applicable medical standards; and (2) Issue, renew, and deny medical certificates, and issue, renew, deny, and

withdraw Authorisations for Special Issuance of a Medical Certificate to an applicant based on meeting or failing to meet applicable medical standards.

(b) The Authority may delegate to authorised representatives of the Authority, the authority to examine applicants for and holders of medical certificates for compliance with applicable medical standards and to issue, renew, and deny medical certificates.

(c) The Authority may designate flight surgeons of the Armed Forces on specified military posts, stations, and facilities, as AMEs. Such AMEs may — (1) Conduct physical examinations for the Authority to applicants who are on

active duty or who are otherwise eligible for medical certification as civil airmen; and

(2) Issue or deny an appropriate medical certificate in accordance with the schedules of This Schedule and the policies of the Authority.

(d) The Authority retains the right to reconsider any action of an AME.

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(e) A holder of a medical certificate issued by an AME may consider it to be affirmed as issued unless the Authority reverses that issuance within 60 days after the date of issuance.

Section II: Medical Certification Procedures 8.665 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the medical certification procedures required for the

issuance of all medical certificates. 8.670 ISSUANCE OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority will issue the applicable medical certificate to any person who

meets the medical standards prescribed in this Subpart, based on medical examination and evaluation of the applicant’s history and condition.

(b) Each person to be issued a medical certificate shall undergo a medical examination based on the physical and mental standards contained in this Subpart.

(c) Any person who does not meet the medical standards of this Subpart may apply for the discretionary issuance of a certificate.

8.675 MEDICAL CERTIFICATE REQUIREMENTS (a) To conduct the following operations, a person shall —

(1) Hold a Class 1 medical certificate when exercising the privileges of an airline transport pilot licence;

(2) Hold at least a Class 2 medical certificate when exercising the privileges of a commercial pilot licence; or

(3) Hold at least a Class 3 medical certificate — (i) When exercising the privileges of a student pilot licence;

(ii) When exercising the privileges of a private pilot licence; (iii) When exercising the privileges of a flight instructor licence, except as a

glider flight instructor, if acting as the PIC or serving as a required crew member; or

(iv) Except for a glider category rating or a balloon class rating, prior to taking a practical test in an aircraft.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this subsection, a flight engineer — (1) Shall hold a Class 2 or Class 1 medical certificate issued within the preceding

12 months; (2) When operating in a foreign country, may use evidence of current medical

qualification for that country’s licence; and (3) In the case of a flight engineer licence, may use evidence of current medical

qualification accepted for the issue of that licence in lieu of a medical certificate.

(c) To act as an air traffic controller, except for a air traffic supervisory person employed by the Authority, a person shall hold at least a Class 2 medical certificate. See Appendix 1 to 8.675 for persons exempt from holding a medical certificate.

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8.680 DURATION OF A MEDICAL CERTIFICATE (a) A Class 1 medical certificate expires at the end of the last day of —

(1) The sixth month after the month of the date of examination shown on the licence for operations requiring an airline transport pilot licence;

(2) The 12th month after the month of the date of examination shown on the licence for operations requiring a commercial pilot licence or an air traffic controller licence; or

(3) As specified in paragraph (c) of this subsection for other licences. (b) A Class 2 medical certificate expires at the end of the last day of —

(1) The 12th month after the month of the date of examination shown on the certificate for operations requiring a commercial pilot licence or an air traffic controller licence; or

(2) The period specified in paragraph (c) of this subsection for other licences. (c) A Class 3 medical certificate for operations requiring a private pilot licence, a

flight instructor licence (when acting as PIC or a required crew member in operations other than glider or balloon), or a student pilot licence expires at the end of — (1) The 36th month after the month of the date of the examination shown on

the certificate if the person has not reached his or her 40th birthday on or before the date of the examination; or

(2) The 24th month after the month of the date of the examination shown on the certificate if the person has reached his or her 40th birthday on or before the date of the examination.

8.685 SPECIAL ISSUANCE OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority may issue a Special Issuance of a Medical Certificate

(Authorisation) to an applicant who does not meet the applicable standards for the medical certificate sought if the applicant shows to the satisfaction of the Authority that — (1) The duties authorised by the medical certificate can be performed without

jeopardising flight safety; and (2) Relevant ability, skill, and experience of the applicant and operational

conditions have been given due consideration. (b) The Authority will issue a medical limitation on a licence when the Authority

or an AME determines the safe performance of the licence holder’s duties is dependent on compliance with such a limitation.

8.690 RENEWAL OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATE (a) The requirements for the renewal of a Medical Assessment are the same as those

for the initial assessment except where otherwise specifically stated. 8.695 DENIAL OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATE (a) Any applicant who is denied a medical certificate by an AME may, within 30

days after the date of the denial, apply in writing and in duplicate to the Authority for reconsideration of that denial. If the applicant does not ask for reconsideration during the 30-day period after the date of the denial, the Authority will consider that he or she has withdrawn the application for a medical certificate.

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(b) The denial of a medical certificate — (1) By an aviation medical examiner is not a denial by the Authority; and (2) By the Authority is considered to be a denial by the Authority.

Section III: Physical and Mental Standards — All Medical Certificates 8.700 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the physical medical standards required for all medical

certificates. 8.705 GENERAL MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS (a) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate who —

(1) Has any organic, functional or structural disease, defect or limitation (active, latent, acute or chronic);

(2) Has any wound, injury or sequelae from operation; or (3) Uses any medication or other treatment that, based on the case history and

appropriate, qualified medical judgement relating to the condition(s) involved, the Authority finds — (i) Makes the applicant unable to safely perform the duties or exercise

the privileges of the licence(s) or rating(s) applied for or held; or (ii) May reasonably be expected, for the maximum duration of the airman

medical certificate applied for or held, to make the applicant unable to perform those duties or exercise those privileges.

8.710 MENTAL STANDARDS (a) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate who has an established

medical history or clinical diagnosis of — (1) A personality disorder that is severe enough to have repeatedly manifested

itself by overt acts; (2) A psychosis; Note: A history of acute toxic psychosis need not be regarded as disqualifying, provided that the applicant has suffered no permanent impairment. (3) A bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder; (4) Substance dependence, except where there is established clinical evidence,

satisfactory to the Authority, of recovery, including sustained total abstinence from the substance(s) for not less than the preceding 2 years; or

(5) Other personality disorders, neurosis, or other mental condition that would likely jeopardise flight safety.

8.715 VISUAL REQUIREMENTS (a) Each person holding or being issued a medical certificate shall have normally

functioning eyes and adnexae, and shall have no active pathological condition, acute or chronic, which is likely to jeopardise flight safety.

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(b) Each person issued a medical certificate shall meet the following minimum visual standards — (1) Distant visual acuity of not less than 6/12 (20/40, 0.5) in each eye separately,

with or without corrective lenses and provided that that person — (i) Uses not more than one pair of correcting lenses to demonstrate

compliance with visual acuity requirements; (ii) May not use single-vision near correction lenses (full lenses of

one power only, appropriate to reading); (iii) May use “lookover”, bifocal or trifocal lenses in order to read the

instruments and a chart or manual held in the hand, and to make use of distant vision through the windscreen without removing the lenses;

Note: When required to obtain or renew correcting lenses, an airman should advise the AME of reading distances for the visual flight deck tasks relevant to the types of aircraft in which the applicant is likely to function. (2) Uncorrected distance visual acuity of not less than 6/60 (20/200, 0.1)

in either eye or the refractive error falls within the range of 5 dioptres (equivalent spherical error);

(3) Near visual acuity to read an N5 chart (N5 refers to “Times Roman” type- face) at a distance selected by the applicant of between 30 and 50 cm, with or without corrective lenses;

(4) Colour perception necessary for the safe performance of airman duties; (5) Normal fields of vision; and (6) Bifoveal fixation and vergence-phoria relationship sufficient to prevent a

break in fusion under conditions that may reasonably be expected to occur in performing airman duties.

8.720 AUDITORY REQUIREMENTS (a) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate having any hearing

defect which is likely to jeopardise flight safety. (b) Each person holding or being issued a medical certificate shall —

(1) Be tested on a pure-tone audiometer not less than once every five years up to the age of 40 years, and thereafter not less than once every three years; or

(2) Demonstrate acceptable hearing by at least one of the following tests — (i) Hear an average conversational voice in a quiet room, using both

ears, at a distance of 2 meters from the examiner, with the back turned to the examiner;

(ii) Understand speech as determined by audiometric speech discrimination testing to a score of at least 70 percent obtained in one ear or in a sound field environment; or

(iii) Provide acceptable results of pure tone audiometric testing of unaided hearing acuity according to the following table of minimum acceptable thresholds:

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Frequency (Hz) 500 Hz

1000 Hz

2000 Hz

3000 Hz

Better ear (dB) 35 30 30 40

Poorer ear (dB) 35 50 50 60

8.725 CARDIOVASCULAR (a) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate having any abnormality

of the heart, congenital or acquired, which is likely to jeopardise flight safety. (b) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate having an established

medical history or clinical diagnosis of any of the following cardiovascular conditions: (1) Myocardial infarction. (2) Angina pectoris. (3) Coronary heart disease that has required treatment or, if untreated, that has

been symptomatic or clinically significant. (4) Cardiac valve replacement. (5) Permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation. (6) Heart replacement.

(c) No person may hold or be issued a medical certificate if that person has: (1) Systolic and diastolic blood pressures outside normal limits; or (2) A significant functional or structural abnormality of the circulatory tree.

8.730 NEUROLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS (a) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate having any neurological

disorder, disturbance of consciousness, or neurological condition which is likely to jeopardise flight safety.

(b) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate having an established medical history or clinical diagnosis of any of the following neurological conditions: (1) Epilepsy. (2) A disturbance of consciousness without satisfactory medical explanation of

the cause. (3) A transient loss of control of nervous system function(s) without

satisfactory medical explanation of the cause. 8.735 OTHER DISQUALIFYING PHYSICAL CONDITIONS (a) No person may hold nor be issued a medical certificate having an established

medical history or clinical diagnosis of any of the following medical conditions: (1) A disease or condition of the middle or internal ear, nose, oral cavity,

pharynx, or larynx that — (i) Interferes with, or is aggravated by, flying or may reasonably be

expected to do so; or

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(ii) Interferes with, or may reasonably be expected to interfere with, clear and effective speech communication.

(2) A disease or condition manifested by, or that may reasonably be expected to be manifested by, vertigo or a disturbance of equilibrium.

(3) Permanent disturbances of the vestibular apparatus. (4) Acute disability of the lungs or any active disease of the structures of the

lungs, mediastinum or pleura. (5) Disabling disease with important impairment of function of the gastro-

intestinal tract or its adnexae. (6) Sequelae of disease or surgical intervention on any part of the digestive

tract or its adnexae, likely to cause incapacity in flight, in particular obstructions due to stricture or compression.

(7) Hernias that might cause incapacitating symptoms. (8) Metabolic, nutritional or endocrine disorders likely to interfere with safe

conduct of flight. (9) Diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycamic drug for

control. (10) Significant localised or generalised enlargement of the lymphatic glands

and of diseases of the blood. (11) Any signs of organic disease of the kidney. (12) Urine containing abnormal element considered to be of pathological

significance. (13) Abnormality of the urinary passages or the genital organs. (14) Any sequelae of disease or surgical procedures on the kidneys and the

urinary tract likely to cause incapacity, in particular any obstructions due to stricture or compression.

(15) Compensated nephrectomy without hypertension or uraemia. (16) Severe menstrual disturbances that have proved unresponsive to treatment. (17) Any active disease of the bones, joints, muscles or tendons. (18) Head injury, the effects of which are likely to interfere with or jeopardise

flight safety. (b) In addition to the requirements in paragraph (a), no person may hold nor be

issued a Class 2 medical certificate who has an established medical history or clinical diagnosis of any of the following medical conditions, except in cases where accredited medical conclusion indicates that the condition is not likely to affect the safe exercise of the applicant’s licence and rating privileges: (1) Active pulmonary tuberculosis. (2) Quiescent or healed lesions which are known to be tuberculous, or are

presumably tuberculous in origin. (3) Serious malformation or serious, acute or chronic affection of the buccal

cavity or upper respiratory tract. (4) Acute or chronic impairment nasal air entry.

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(5) Pregnancy — (i) During third trimester;

(ii) Presenting any complications; or (iii) Following confinement or termination of pregnancy, until re-examina-

tion and assessment as fit. (c) Each person seeking first issuance of a Class 2 medical certificate who has

a personal history of syphilis shall furnish evidence, satisfactory to the medical examiner, that the person has undergone adequate treatment.

Section IV: Class 1 Medical Certificate 8.740 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the physical medical standards required for the issuance

of a Class 1 medical certificate. 8.745 ELIGIBILITY (a) Each applicant shall meet the requirements of this subsection, in addition to the

general requirements of Section III to be eligible for and to remain eligible for a Class 1 medical certificate.

8.750 ADDITIONAL VISUAL REQUIREMENTS (a) Each person holding or being issued a Class 1 medical certificate shall —

(1) Possess a distant visual acuity of not less than 6/9 (20/30, 0.3) in each eye separately with or without the use of correcting lenses;

(2) Uncorrected distance visual acuity of not less than 6/60 (20/200, 0.1) in either eye or the refractive error falls within the range of 3 dioptres (equivalent spherical error); and

(3) Have the ability to read the N14 chart (N14 refers to “Times Roman” type face) or its equivalent at a distance of 39.3 inches (100 cm).

8.755 ADDITIONAL AUDITORY REQUIREMENTS (a) Each person holding or being issued a Class 1 medical certificate shall —

(1) Demonstrate a hearing performance in each ear separately equivalent to that of a normal person, against a background noise that will simulate the masking properties of flight deck noise upon speech and audio tones;

(2) Have no permanent obstruction of the Eustachian tubes; and (3) Have no unhealed (unclosed) perforation of the tympanic membranes.

8.760 ADDITIONAL CARDIOVASCULAR REQUIREMENTS (a) Each person holding or being issued a Class 1 Medical Certificate shall

demonstrate an absence of myocardial infarction and other clinically significant abnormality on an electrocardiographic examination — (1) At the first application; (2) On a two-year basis after reaching the 30th birthday; and (3) On an annual basis after reaching the 40th birthday.

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Section V: Class 2 Medical Certificate 8.765 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the physical medical standards required for the issuance

of a Class 2 medical certificate. 8.770 ELIGIBILITY (a) Each applicant shall meet the requirements of this subsection, in addition to the

general requirements of Section III, to be eligible for and to remain eligible for a Class 2 medical certificate.

8.775 ADDITIONAL VISUAL REQUIREMENTS (a) Each person holding or being issued a Class 2 Medical Certificate shall possess a

distant visual acuity of not less than 6/12 (20/40, 0.5) in each eye separately with or without the use of correcting lenses.

8.780 ADDITIONAL AUDITORY REQUIREMENTS (a) Each person holding or being issued a Class 2 medical certificate shall —

(1) For a commercial pilot, demonstrate a hearing performance in each ear separately equivalent to that of a normal person, against a background noise that will simulate the masking properties of flight deck noise upon speech and audio tones;

(2) For an air traffic controller, demonstrate a hearing performance in each ear separately equivalent to that of a normal person, against a background noise that will simulate that experienced in a typical air traffic control environment; and

(3) Have no unhealed (unclosed) perforation of the tympanic membranes. APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.045 GENERAL PILOT TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

(a) An applicant shall receive training in the following subjects: (1) High-altitude aerodynamics and meteorology. (2) Respiration. (3) Effects, symptoms, and causes of hypoxia and any other high-altitude

sickness. (4) Duration of consciousness without supplemental oxygen. (5) Effects of prolonged usage of supplemental oxygen. (6) Causes and effects of gas expansion and gas bubble formation. (7) Preventive measures for eliminating gas expansion, gas bubble formation,

and high-altitude sickness. (8) Physical phenomena and incidents of decompression. (9) Any other physiological aspects of high-altitude flight.

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The prescribed training and endorsement is not required if the pilot or pilot applicant can document satisfactory accomplishment of any of the following in a pressurised aircraft, or in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device that is representative of a pressurised aircraft — (10) Serving as PIC before February 28, 2001; (11) Completing a practical test for a pilot licence or rating before February 28,

2001; (12) Completing an official PIC check conducted by the military services of

The Bahamas; or (13) Completing a PIC proficiency check under Schedule 14 conducted by

the Authority or by an approved check airman.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.055 MILITARY PILOTS OR FORMER MILITARY PILOTS: SPECIAL RULES (a) The prescribed qualifying requirements for a military pilot are —

Military pilots on active flying status within the past 12 months. A rated military pilot or former rated military pilot who has been on active flying status within the 12 months before applying shall — (1) Pass a knowledge test on the appropriate parts of these schedules that

apply to pilot privileges and limitations, air traffic and general operating rules, and accident reporting rules;

(2) Present documentation showing compliance with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this subsection for at least one aircraft category rating; and

(3) Present documentation showing that the applicant is or was, at any time during the 12 calendar months before the month of application — (i) A rated military pilot on active flying status in an armed force of The

Bahamas; or (ii) A rated military pilot of an armed force of a contracting foreign state to

the Convention on International Civil Aviation, assigned to pilot duties (other than flight training) with an armed force of The Bahamas and holds, at the time of application, a current civil pilot licence issued by that Contracting State authorising at least the privileges of the pilot licence sought.

Aircraft category, class, and type ratings. The Authority may issue to a rated military pilot or former rated military pilot an aircraft category, class, or type rating to a commercial pilot licence if the pilot presents documentary evidence that shows satisfactory accomplishment of — (4) A military pilot check and instrument proficiency check of The Bahamas

in that aircraft category, class, or type, if applicable, as PIC during the 12 calendar months before the month of application; and

(5) At least 10 hours of PIC time in that aircraft category, class, or type, if applicable, during the 12 calendar months before the month of application.

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Instrument rating. A rated military pilot or former rated military pilot may apply for an aeroplane, helicopter, or powered-lift-instrument rating to be added to his or her commercial pilot licence if the pilot has, within the 12 calendar months preceding the month of application — (6) Passed an instrument proficiency check by an Armed Force of The

Bahamas in the aircraft category for the instrument rating sought; and (7) Received authorisation from an Armed Force of The Bahamas to

conduct IFR flights on Federal airways in that aircraft category and class for the instrument rating sought.

Aircraft type rating. The Authority will issue an aircraft type rating only for aircraft types that the Authority has certified for civil operations. Aircraft type rating placed on an airline transport pilot licence. The Authority may issue to a rated military pilot or former rated military pilot who holds an airline transport pilot licence an aircraft type rating provided that pilot — (8) Holds a category and class rating for that type of aircraft at the airline

transport pilot licence level; and (9) Passed an official military pilot of The Bahamas check and instrument

proficiency check in that type of aircraft as PIC during the 12 calendar months before the month of application.

Evidentiary documents. The Authority may accept the following documents as satisfactory evidence of military pilot status: (10) An official identification card issued to the pilot by an armed force to

demonstrate membership in the armed forces. (11) An original or a copy of a certificate of discharge or release from an

armed force of The Bahamas. (12) At least one of the following —

(i) An order of an Armed Force of The Bahamas to flight status as a military pilot;

(ii) An Armed Force form or logbook showing military pilot status; or (iii) An order showing that the applicant graduated from a military pilot

school of The Bahamas and received a rating as a military pilot. (13) A certified Armed Force logbook or an appropriate official Armed

Force form or summary to demonstrate flight time in military aircraft as a member of an Armed Force of The Bahamas.

(14) An official Armed Force of The Bahamas record of a military designation as PIC.

(15) An official record of satisfactory accomplishment of an instrument proficiency check during the 12 calendar months preceding the month of the application.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 8.070 PREREQUISITES FOR PRACTICAL TESTS

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), to be eligible for a practical test for a licence or rating issued under this Schedule, an applicant shall — (1) Pass the required knowledge test within the 24-calendar-month period

preceding the month the applicant completes the practical test, if a knowledge test is required;

(2) Present the knowledge test report at the time of application for the practical test, if a knowledge test is required;

(3) Have satisfactorily accomplished the required training and obtained the aeronautical experience prescribed by this Schedule for the licence or rating sought;

(4) Meet the prescribed age requirement of this Subpart for the issuance of the licence or rating sought; and

(5) Have an endorsement in his or her logbook or training record that has been signed by an authorised instructor who certifies that the applicant — (i) Has received and logged training time within 60 days preceding

the date of application in preparation for the practical test; (ii) Is prepared for the required practical test; and (iii) Has demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in

which the applicant was deficient on the airman knowledge test. An applicant for an airline transport pilot licence or an additional rating to an airline transport licence may take the practical test for that licence or rating with an expired knowledge test report, provided that the applicant — (6) Is employed as a flight crew member by a certificate holder under

Schedule 12 at the time of the practical test and has satisfactorily accomplished that operator’s approved —

(i) PIC aircraft qualification training program that is appropriate to the licence and rating sought; and

(ii) Qualification training requirements appropriate to the licence and rating sought; or

(7) Is employed as a flight crew member in scheduled military air transport operations of The Bahamas at the time of the practical test, and has accomplished the PIC aircraft qualification training program that is appropriate to the licence and rating sought.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.080 PRACTICAL TESTS: REQUIRED AIRCRAFT, SIMULATION, AND

EQUIPMENT (a) General. Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2), or when permitted to

accomplish the entire flight increment of the practical test in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device, an applicant for a licence or rating issued under This Schedule shall furnish —

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(1) An aircraft of The Bahamas registry for each required test that — (i) Is of the category, class, and type, if applicable, applicable to

the licence or rating sought; and (ii) Has a current standard, limited, or primary airworthiness

certificate. (2) At the discretion of the examiner who administers the practical test,

the applicant may furnish — (i) An aircraft that has a current airworthiness certificate other than

standard, limited, or primary but that otherwise meets the requirement of paragraph (a)(1);

(ii) An aircraft of the same category, class, and type, if applicable, of foreign registry that is properly certified by the country of registry; or

(iii) A military aircraft of the same category, class, and type, if applicable, for which the applicant is applying for a licence or rating.

Required equipment (other than controls). Each applicant for a practical test shall use an aircraft that has — (3) The equipment for each area of operation required for the practical

test; (4) No prescribed operating limitations that prohibit its use in any of the

areas of operation required for the practical test; (5) Except as provided in paragraph (e), at least two pilot stations with

adequate visibility for each person to operate the aircraft safely; and (6) Cockpit and outside visibility adequate to evaluate the performance of the

applicant when an additional jump seat is provided for the examiner. Required controls. Each applicant for a practical test shall use an aircraft (other than a lighter-than-air aircraft) that has engine power controls and flight controls that are easily reached and operable in a conventional manner by both pilots, unless the examiner determines that the practical test can be conducted safely in the aircraft without the controls being easily reached. Simulated instrument flight equipment. An applicant for a practical test that involves manoeuvring an aircraft solely by reference to instruments shall furnish — (7) Equipment on board the aircraft that permits the applicant to pass the

areas of operation that apply to the rating sought; and (8) A device that prevents the applicant from having visual reference outside

the aircraft, but does not prevent the examiner from having visual reference outside the aircraft, and is otherwise acceptable to the Authority.

Aircraft with single controls. An applicant may complete a practical test in an aircraft having a single set of controls, provided the — (9) Examiner agrees to conduct the test; (10) Test does not involve a demonstration of instrument skills; and (11) Proficiency of the applicant can be observed by an examiner who is in

a position to observe the applicant.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 8.090 RECORDS OF TRAINING TIME

(a) Each person shall enter the following information for each flight or lesson logged — (1) General:

(i) Date. (ii) Total flight time. (iii) Location where the aircraft departed and arrived, or for lessons

in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device, the location where the lesson occurred.

(iv) Type and identification of aircraft, approved flight simulator, or approved flight training device, as appropriate.

(v) The name of a safety pilot, if required by Schedule 10. (2) Type of pilot experience or training —

(i) Solo. (ii) PIC. (iii) SIC. (iv) Flight and ground training received from an authorised

instructor. (v) Training received in an approved flight simulator or approved

flight training device from an authorised instructor. (3) Conditions of flight —

(i) Day or night. (ii) Actual instrument. (iii) Simulated instrument conditions in flight, an approved flight

simulator, or an approved flight training device. Logging of pilot time. The pilot time described in this subsection may be used to — (4) Apply for a licence or rating issued under This Schedule; or (5) Satisfy the recent flight experience requirements of Schedule 10, 11 or 14. Logging of solo flight time. Except for a student pilot acting as PIC of an airship requiring more than one flight crew member, a pilot may log as solo flight time only that flight time when the pilot is the sole occupant of the aircraft. Logging of PIC flight time. (6) A private or commercial pilot may log PIC time only for that flight

time during which that person is — (i) The sole manipulator of the controls of an aircraft for which the

pilot is rated; (ii) Acting as PIC of an aircraft on which more than one pilot is

required under the type certification of the aircraft or the schedules under which the flight is conducted; or

(iii) A sole occupant.

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(7) An airline transport pilot may log as PIC time all of the flight time while acting as PIC of an operation requiring an airline transport pilot licence.

(8) An authorised instructor may log as PIC time all flight time while acting as an authorised instructor.

(9) A student pilot may log PIC time when the student pilot — (i) Is the sole occupant of the aircraft or is performing functions of

the PIC of an airship requiring more than one flight crew member;

(ii) Has a current solo flight endorsement; or (iii) Is undergoing training for a pilot licence or rating.

Logging SIC flight time. A person may log SIC flight time only for that flight time during which that person — (10) Is qualified in accordance with the SIC requirements of Schedule 10,

and occupies a crew member station in an aircraft that requires more than one pilot by the aircraft’s type certificate; or

(11) Holds the appropriate category, class, and instrument rating (if an instrument rating is required for the flight) for the aircraft being flown, and more than one pilot is required under the type certification of the aircraft or the schedule under which the flight is being conducted.

Logging instrument flight time. (12) A person may log instrument flight time only for that flight time when

the person operates the aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions.

(13) An authorised instructor may log instrument flight time when conducting instrument flight instruction in actual instrument flight conditions.

(14) For the purposes of logging instrument flight time to meet the recent instrument experience requirements of 9.4.1.10, the following information shall be recorded in a person’s logbook —

(i) The location and type of each instrument approach accomplished; and

(ii) The name of the safety pilot, if required. (15) An approved flight simulator or approved flight training device may

be used by a person to log instrument flight time, provided an authorised instructor is present during the simulated flight.

Logging training time. (16) A person may log training time when that person receives training

from an authorised instructor in an aircraft, approved flight simulator, or approved flight training device.

(17) The training time shall be logged in a logbook and shall — (i) Be endorsed in a legible manner by the authorised instructor; and (ii) Include a description of the training given, the length of the

training lesson, and the instructor’s signature, licence number, and licence expiration date.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 8.100 USE OF AN APPROVED FLIGHT SIMULATOR OR AN APPROVED FLIGHT

TRAINING DEVICE (a) In an aeroplane. If an approved flight simulator or approved flight training

device is used for accomplishing any of the training and the required practical test for a pilot licence with an aeroplane category, class, and type rating, if applicable, the applicant, approved flight simulator, and approved flight training device are subject to the following requirements: (1) Some or all of the limitations of paragraph (a)(2) through (a)(11) of

this subsection may apply. (2) The flight simulator or flight training device permitted by paragraph

(a)(1) of this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with an approved course at an ATO.

(3) To complete all training and testing (except preflight inspection) for an additional aeroplane rating without limitations when using a flight simulator — (i) The flight simulator must be approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant must meet at least one of the following: (A) Hold a type rating for a turbojet or turbofan aeroplane of the same

class of aeroplane for which the type rating is sought, or have been appointed by a military service as a PIC of an aeroplane of the same class of aeroplane for which the type rating is sought, if a type rating in a turbojet or turbofan aeroplane is sought.

(B) Hold a type rating for a turbopropeller aeroplane of the same class of aeroplane for which the type rating is sought, or have been designated by a military service as a PIC of an aeroplane of the same class of aeroplane for which the type rating is sought, if a type rating in a turbopropeller aeroplane is sought.

(C) Have at least 2,000 hours of flight time, of which 500 hours is in turbine-powered aeroplanes of the same class of aeroplane for which the type rating is sought.

(D) Have at least 500 hours of flight time in the same type aeroplane as the aeroplane for which the rating is sought.

(E) Have at least 1,000 hours of flight time in at least two different aeroplanes requiring a type rating.

(4) Subject to the limitation of paragraph (a)(5) of this subsection, an applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this subsection may complete all training and testing (except for preflight inspection) for a pilot licence or rating when using a flight simulator if — (i) The flight simulator is approved as a Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant meets at least one of the following: (A) Holds a type rating in a propeller-driven aeroplane if a type

rating in a turbojet or turbofan aeroplane is sought, or holds a type rating in a turbojet or turbofan aeroplane if a type rating in a propeller-driven aeroplane is sought; or

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(B) Since the beginning of the 12th calendar month before the month in which the applicant completes the practical test for an additional aeroplane rating, has logged — (i) At least 100 hours of flight time in aeroplanes of the same

class for which the type rating is sought and which requires a type rating; and

(ii) At least 25 hours of flight time in aeroplanes of the same type for which the rating is sought.

(5) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (a)(4) of this subsection will be issued a rating with a limitation.

(6) The limitation on a licence issued under the provisions of paragraph (a)(5) of this subsection shall state, “This licence is subject to PIC limitations for the additional rating”.

(7) An applicant who has been issued a pilot licence with the limitation specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this subsection —

(i) May not act as PIC of that aeroplane for which the rating was obtained under the provisions of this subsection until the limitation is removed from the pilot certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 15 hours of line flying under supervision of a qualified and current PIC, in the seat normally occupied by the PIC, in the same type of aeroplane to which the limitation applies.

(8) An applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) or paragraph (a)(4) of this subsection may be issued a rating after successful completion of one of the following requirements —

(i) Compliance with paragraph (a)(2) of this subsection and the following tasks, which shall be successfully completed on a static aeroplane or in flight, as appropriate — (A) Preflight inspection; (B) Normal takeoff; (C) Normal ILS approach; (D) Missed approach; and (E) Normal landing.

(ii) Compliance with paragraphs (a)(9) through (a)(11) of this subsection. (9) An applicant not meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(3), (a)(4),

or (a)(8)(i) of this subsection will be issued a licence or rating with a limitation.

(10) The limitation on a licence issued under the provisions of paragraph (a)(9) of this subsection shall state, “This licence is subject to PIC limitations for the additional rating”.

(11) An applicant who has been issued a pilot licence with the limitation specified in paragraph (a)(10) of this subsection —

(i) May not act as PIC of that aeroplane for which the rating was obtained under the provisions of this subsection until the limitation is removed from the pilot certificate; and

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(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 25 hours of supervised operating experience as PIC under the supervision of a qualified and current PIC, in the seat normally occupied by the PIC, in that aeroplane of the same type to which the limitation applies.

In a helicopter. If an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device is used for accomplishing any of the training and the required practical test for a pilot licence with a rotorcraft-helicopter class and type rating, if applicable, the applicant, approved flight simulator, and approved flight training device are subject to the following requirements: (12) Some or all of the limitations of paragraph (b)(2) through (b)(11) of

this subsection may apply. (13) The use of an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training

device permitted by this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with an approved course at an ATO.

(14) The applicant must meet at least one of the following if a type rating is sought in a turbine-powered helicopter — (i) Hold a type rating in a turbine-powered helicopter or have been

appointed by a military service as a PIC of a turbine-powered helicopter.

(ii) Have at least 2,000 hours of flight time that includes at least 500 hours in turbine-powered helicopters.

(iii) Have at least 500 hours of flight time in turbine-powered helicopters. (iv) Have at least 1,000 hours of flight time in at least two different

turbine-powered helicopters. (15) Subject to the limitation of paragraph (b)(5) of this subsection, an

applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(3) of this subsection may complete all training and testing (except for preflight inspection) for a pilot licence or rating when using a flight simulator if — (i) The flight simulator is approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant meets at least one of the following — (A) Holds a type rating in a turbine-powered helicopter if a type rating in a turbine-powered helicopter is sought; or (B) Since the beginning of the 12th calendar month before the month in which the applicant completes the practical test for an additional helicopter rating, has logged at least 25 hours of flight time in helicopters of the same type for which the rating is sought.

(16) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (b)(4) of this subsection will be issued a rating with a limitation.

(17) The limitation on a licence issued under the provisions of paragraph (b)(5) of this subsection shall state, “This licence is subject to PIC limitations for the additional rating”.

(18) An applicant who is issued a pilot licence with the limitation specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this subsection —

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(i) May not act as PIC of that helicopter for which the rating was obtained under the provisions of this subsection until the limitation is removed from the pilot certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 15 hours of supervised operating experience as PIC under the supervision of a qualified and current PIC, in the seat normally occupied by the PIC, in the same type of helicopter to which the limitation applies.

(19) An applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(3) or paragraph (b)(4) of this subsection may be issued a rating after successful completion of one of the following requirements —

(i) Compliance with paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this subsection and the following tasks, which must be successfully completed on a static helicopter or in flight, as appropriate —

(A) Preflight inspection; (B) Normal takeoff; (C) Normal ILS approach; (D) Missed approach; and (E) Normal landing.

(ii) Compliance with paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), and (b)(9) through (b)(11) of this subsection.

(20) An applicant not meeting the requirements of paragraph (b)(3), (b)(4), or (b)(8)(i) of this subsection will be issued a rating with a limitation.

(21) The limitation on a licence issued under the provisions of paragraph (b)(9) of this subsection shall state, “This licence is subject to PIC limitations for the additional rating”.

(22) An applicant who has been issued a pilot licence with the limitation specified in paragraph (b)(10) of this subsection —

(i) May not act as PIC of that helicopter for which the rating was obtained under the provisions of this subsection until the limitation is removed from the pilot certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 25 hours of supervised operating experience as PIC under the supervision of a qualified and current PIC, in the seat normally occupied by the PIC, in that helicopter of the same type as to which the limitation applies.

In a powered-lift. If an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device is used for accomplishing any of the training and the required practical test for a pilot licence with a powered-lift category and type rating, if applicable, the applicant, approved flight simulator, and approved flight training device are subject to the following requirements: (23) Comply with the applicable requirements of paragraph (a) of this IS,

except as shown below. (24) The applicant must meet at least one of the following if a type rating is

sought in a turbine powered-lift — (i) Hold a type rating in a turbine powered-lift or have been appointed

by a military service as a PIC of a turbine powered-lift.

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(ii) Have at least 2,000 hours of flight time that includes at least 500 hours in turbine powered-lifts.

(iii) Have at least 500 hours of flight time in turbine powered-lifts. (iv) Have at least 1,000 hours of flight time in at least two different

turbine powered-lifts. (25) Subject to the limitation described in paragraph (a)(11) of this subsection,

an applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(2) of this subsection may complete all training and testing (except for preflight inspection) for a rating when using a flight simulator if — (i) The flight simulator is approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant meets at least one of the following — (A) Holds a type rating in a turbine powered-lift if a type rating in a

turbine powered-lift is sought; or (B) Since the beginning of the 12th calendar month before the

month in which the applicant completes the practical test for an additional powered-lift rating, has logged at least 25 hours of flight time in powered-lifts of the same type for which the rating is sought.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.115 INSTRUMENT RATING REQUIREMENTS

(a) Aeronautical knowledge. An applicant for an instrument rating shall have received and logged ground training from an authorised instructor on the areas of following aeronautical knowledge areas that apply to the instrument rating sought: (1) The provisions of these schedules that apply to flight operations under

IFR. (2) Appropriate information in advisory material published by the

Authority that applies to flight operations under IFR. (3) Air traffic control system and procedures for instrument flight

operations. (4) IFR navigation and approaches by use of navigation systems. (5) Use of IFR en route and instrument approach procedure charts. (6) Procurement and use of aviation weather reports and forecasts and the

elements of forecasting weather trends based on that information. (7) Personal observation of weather conditions. (8) Safe and efficient operation of aircraft under instrument flight rules

and conditions. (9) Recognition of critical weather situations and windshear avoidance. (10) Aeronautical decision making and judgement. (11) Crew resource management, including crew communication and co-

ordination.

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Flight proficiency. An applicant for an instrument rating shall receive and log training from an authorised instructor in an aircraft, or in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device that includes the following areas of operation — (12) Preflight preparation; (13) Preflight procedures; (14) Air traffic control clearances and procedures; (15) Flight by reference to instruments; (16) Navigation systems; (17) Instrument approach procedures; (18) Emergency operations; and (19) Postflight procedures. Aeronautical experience. An applicant for an instrument rating shall have logged the following — (20) At least 50 hours of cross-country flight time as PIC, of which at least

10 hours shall be in aeroplanes for an instrument: aeroplane rating; and (21) A total of 40 hours of actual or simulated instrument time on the areas

of operation of this subsection, to include — (i) At least 15 hours of instrument flight training from an

authorised instructor in the aircraft category for which the instrument rating is sought;

(ii) At least 3 hours of instrument training that is appropriate to the instrument rating sought from an authorised instructor in preparation for the practical test within the 60 days preceding the date of the test;

(iii) For an instrument — aeroplane rating, instrument training on cross-country flight procedures specific to aeroplanes that includes at least one cross-country flight in an aeroplane that is performed under IFR, and consists of — (A) A distance of at least 250 nautical miles along airways or

ATC-directed routing; (B) An instrument approach at each airport; and (C) Three different kinds of approaches with the use of

navigation systems; (iv) For an instrument — helicopter rating, instrument training

specific to helicopters on cross-country flight procedures that includes at least one cross-country flight in a helicopter that is performed under IFR, and consists of — (A) A distance of at least 100 nautical miles along airways or

ATC-directed routing; (B) An instrument approach at each airport; and (C) Three different kinds of approaches with the use of

navigation systems; and

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(v) For an instrument — powered-lift rating, instrument training specific to a powered-lift on cross-country flight procedures that includes at least one cross-country flight in a powered-lift that is performed under IFR and consists of — (A) A distance of at least 250 nautical miles along airways or

ATC-directed routing; (B) An instrument approach at each airport; and (C) Three different kinds of approaches with the use of

navigation systems.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.135 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CATEGORY II AND CATEGORY III

PILOT AUTHORISATIONS (a) The Authority will issue a Category II or Category III pilot authorisation by

letter, as a part of an applicant’s instrument rating or airline transport pilot certificate. Upon original issue the authorisation will contain the following limitations — (1) For Category II operations, 1,600 feet RVR and a 150-foot decision

height; and (2) For Category III operations, as specified in the authorisation

document. To remove the limitations on a Category II or Category III pilot authorisa- tion — (3) A Category II limitation holder may remove the limitation by showing

that, since the beginning of the sixth preceding month, the holder has made three Category II ILS approaches with a 150-foot decision height to a landing under actual or simulated instrument conditions; or

(4) A Category III limitation holder may remove the limitation by showing experience as specified in the authorisation.

An authorisation holder or an applicant for an authorisation may use a flight simulator or flight training device if it is approved by the Authority for such use, to meet the prescribed experience requirements or for the practical test required by this Schedule for a Category II or a Category III pilot authorisation, as applicable. Category II: practical test requirements. (5) An applicant for the following authorisations shall pass a practical test:

(i) Issuance or renewal of a Category II pilot authorisation. (ii) The addition of another type aircraft to a Category II pilot

authorisation. (6) To be eligible for the practical test for an authorisation under this

subsection, an applicant shall — (i) Meet the prescribed requirements; and

(ii) If the applicant has not passed a practical test for this authorisation during the 12 calendar months preceding the month of the test —

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(A) Meet the prescribed requirements; and (B) Have performed at least six ILS approaches during the 6

calendar months preceding the month of the test, of which at least three of the approaches shall have been conducted without the use of an approach coupler.

(7) An applicant shall accomplish the prescribed approaches — (i) Under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions; (ii) To the minimum decision height for the ILS approach in the

type aircraft in which the practical test is to be conducted, except that the approaches need not be conducted to the decision height authorised for Category II operations;

(iii) To the decision height authorised for Category II operations only if conducted in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training device; and

(iv) In an aircraft of the same category and class, and type, as applicable, as the aircraft in which the practical test is to be conducted or in an approved flight simulator that —

(A) Represents an aircraft of the same category and class, and type, as applicable, as the aircraft in which the authorisation is sought; and

(B) Is used in accordance with an approved course conducted by an ATO.

(8) The flight time acquired in meeting the prescribed requirements may be used.

Category II: practical test procedures. The practical test consists of an oral increment and a flight increment. (9) Oral increment. In the oral increment of the practical test an applicant

shall demonstrate knowledge of the following — (i) Required landing distance;

(ii) Recognition of the decision height; (iii) Missed approach procedures and techniques using computed or

fixed attitude guidance displays; (iv) Use and limitations of RVR; (v) Use of visual clues, their availability or limitations, and altitude

at which they are normally discernible at reduced RVR readings;

(vi) Procedures and techniques related to transition from non-visual to visual flight during a final approach under reduced RVR;

(vii) Effects of vertical and horizontal windshear; (viii) Characteristics and limitations of the ILS and runway lighting

system; (ix) Characteristics and limitations of the flight director system, auto

approach coupler (including split axis type if equipped), auto throttle system (if equipped), and other required Category II equipment;

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(x) Assigned duties of the SIC during Category II approaches, unless the aircraft for which authorisation is sought does not require an SIC; and

(xi) Instrument and equipment failure warning systems. (10) Flight increment. The following requirements apply to the flight

increment of the practical test — (i) The flight increment shall be conducted in an aircraft of the same

category, class, and type, as applicable, as the aircraft in which the authorisation is sought or in an approved flight simulator that — (A) Represents an aircraft of the same category and class, and

type, as applicable, as the aircraft in which the authorisation is sought; and

(B) Is used in accordance with an approved course conducted by an ATO.

(ii) The flight increment shall consist of at least two ILS approaches to 100 feet AGL including at least one landing and one missed approach.

(iii) All approaches performed during the flight increment shall be made with the use of an approved flight control guidance system, except if an approved auto approach coupler is installed, at least one approach shall be hand flown using flight director commands.

(iv) If a multi-engine aeroplane with the performance capability to execute a missed approach with one engine inoperative is used for the practical test, the flight increment shall include the performance of one missed approach with an engine, which shall be the most critical engine, if applicable, set at idle or zero thrust before reaching the middle marker.

(v) If an approved multi-engine flight simulator or approved multi- engine flight training device is used for the practical test, the applicant shall execute a missed approach with the most critical engine, if applicable, failed.

(vi) For an authorisation for an aircraft that requires a type rating, the applicant shall pass a practical test in co-ordination with a SIC who holds a type rating in the aircraft in which the authorisation is sought.

(vii) An inspector or evaluator may conduct oral questioning at any time during a practical test.

Category III: practical test requirements. (11) The Authority will require that an applicant pass a practical test for —

(i) Issuance or renewal of a Category III pilot authorisation. (ii) The addition of another type of aircraft to a Category III pilot

authorisation. (12) To be eligible for the practical test an applicant shall —

(i) Meet the prescribed requirements; and (ii) If the applicant has not passed a practical test for this authorisation

during the 12 calendar months preceding the month of the test: (A) Meet the prescribed requirements; and

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(B) Have performed at least six ILS approaches during the 6 calendar months preceding the month of the test, of which at least three of the approaches shall have been conducted without the use of an approach coupler.

(13) An applicant shall conduct the prescribed approaches — (i) Under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions; (ii) To the alert height or decision height for the ILS approach in the

type aircraft in which the practical test is to be conducted; (iii) Not necessarily to the decision height authorised for Category

III operations; (iv) To the alert height or decision height, as applicable, authorised

for Category III operations only if conducted in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device; and

(v) In an aircraft of the same category and class, and type, as applicable, as the aircraft in which the practical test is to be conducted or in an approved flight simulator that — (A) Represents an aircraft of the same category and class, and

type, as applicable, as the aircraft for which the authorisation is sought; and

(B) Is used in accordance with an approved course conducted by an ATO.

(14) Knowledge requirements: An applicant shall demonstrate knowledge of the following:

(i) Required landing distance. (ii) Determination and recognition of the alert height or decision

height, as applicable, including use of a radar altimeter. (iii) Recognition of and proper reaction to significant failures

encountered prior to and after reaching the alert height or decision height, as applicable.

(iv) Missed approach procedures and techniques using computed or fixed attitude guidance displays and expected height loss as they relate to manual go-around or automatic go-around, and initiation altitude, as applicable.

(v) Use and limitations of RVR, including determination of controlling RVR and required transmissometers.

(vi) Use, availability, or limitations of visual cues and the altitude at which they are normally discernible at reduced RVR readings including — (A) Unexpected deterioration of conditions to less than

minimum RVR during approach, flare, and rollout; (B) Demonstration of expected visual references with weather

at minimum conditions; (C) The expected sequence of visual cues during an approach

in which visibility is at or above landing minima; and

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(D) Procedures and techniques for making a transition from instrument reference flight to visual flight during a final approach under reduced RVR.

(vii) Effects of vertical and horizontal windshear. (viii) Characteristics and limitations of the ILS and runway lighting system. (ix) Characteristics and limitations of the flight director system auto

approach coupler (including split axis type if equipped), auto throttle system (if equipped), and other Category III equipment.

(x) Assigned duties of the SIC during Category III operations, unless the aircraft for which authorisation is sought does not require a SIC.

(xi) Recognition of the limits of acceptable aircraft position and flight path tracking during approach, flare, and, if applicable, rollout.

(xii) Recognition of, and reaction to, airborne or ground system faults or abnormalities, particularly after passing alert height or decision height, as applicable.

(15) Flight skill requirements — (i) An applicant may conduct the practical test in an aircraft of the same

category and class, and type, as applicable, as the aircraft for which the authorisation is sought, or in an approved flight simulator that — (A) Represents an aircraft of the same category and class, and

type, as applicable, as the aircraft in which the authorisation is sought; and

(B) Is used in accordance with an approved course conducted by an ATO.

(ii) The practical test shall consist of at least two ILS approaches to 100 feet AGL, including one landing and one missed approach initiated from a very low altitude that may result in a touchdown during the go-around manoeuvre;

(iii) The applicant shall perform all approaches during the practical test with the approved automatic landing system or an equivalent landing system approved by the Authority;

(iv) If a multi-engine aircraft with the performance capability to execute a missed approach with one engine inoperative is used for the practical test, the practical test shall include the performance of one missed approach with the most critical engine, if applicable, set at idle or zero thrust before reaching the middle or outer marker;

(v) If an approved multi-engine flight simulator or approved multi- engine flight training device is used, the applicant shall execute a missed approach with an engine, which shall be the most critical engine, if applicable, failed;

(vi) For an authorisation for an aircraft that requires a type rating, the applicant shall pass a practical test in co-ordination with a SIC who holds a type rating in the aircraft in which the authorisation is sought; and

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(vii) Subject to the limitations of this paragraph, for Category IIIb operations predicated on the use of a fail-passive rollout control system, the applicant shall execute at least one manual rollout using visual reference or a combination of visual and instrument references. The applicant shall initiate this manoeuvre by a fail- passive disconnect of the rollout control system — (A) After main gear touchdown; (B) Prior to nose gear touchdown; (C) In conditions representative of the most adverse lateral touchdown

displacement allowing a safe landing on the runway; and (D) In weather conditions anticipated in Category IIIb

operations (16) An inspector or evaluator may conduct oral questioning at any time

during the practical test.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.140 SPECIAL PURPOSE PILOT AUTHORISATION: OPERATION OF CIVIL

AIRCRAFT REGISTERED BY THE AUTHORITY LEASED BY A PERSON WHO IS NOT A CITIZEN OF THE BAHAMAS

(a) Eligibility. To be eligible for the issuance or renewal of a special purpose pilot authorisation, a person shall — (1) Hold a current and valid foreign pilot licence that has been issued by

the aeronautical authority of another Contracting State from which the person holds citizenship or resident status;

(2) Hold a current and valid foreign pilot licence that contains the appropriate aircraft category, class, instrument rating, and type rating, if appropriate, for the aircraft to be flown;

(3) Meet the medical standards for the issuance of the foreign pilot licence from the aeronautical authority of the Contracting State where the person holds citizenship or resident status;

(4) Surrender any special purpose pilot authorisation held to the office that issued it, or to the office processing the application for the authorisation, prior to being issued another special purpose pilot authorisation;

(5) Present a logbook or flight record showing compliance with the currency requirements of this Schedule and Schedule 10;

(6) Show when the applicant will reach the age of 60 years by providing an official copy of a birth certificate or other official documentation; and

(7) Present a copy of the foreign pilot licence and a letter from the lessee of the aircraft that —

(i) Documents that the person is employed by the lessee; (ii) Specifies the aircraft type in which the person will be

performing pilot duties; and

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(iii) States that the person is currently qualified to exercise the privileges listed on that person’s pilot licence for the aircraft to be flown, and that the person has satisfactorily accomplished the applicable ground and flight training in the aircraft type in which the person will be performing pilot duties.

Privileges. A person issued a special purpose pilot authorisation under these schedules may exercise only the privileges prescribed on the special purpose pilot authorisation. General limitations. A person exercising the privileges of a special purpose pilot authorisation — (8) May hold only one special purpose pilot authorisation; (9) May conduct any flight between foreign countries in foreign air

commerce within the time period allotted on the authorisation; and (10) Shall comply with the limitations specified in this subsection and any

additional limitations specified on the special purpose pilot authorisation. Expiration date. Each special purpose pilot authorisation issued under these Schedules expires — (11) 60 calendar months from the month it was issued, unless sooner

suspended or revoked; (12) When the lease agreement for the aircraft expires or the lessee

terminates the employment of the person who holds the special purpose pilot authorisation;

(13) Whenever the person’s foreign pilot licence has been suspended, revoked, or is no longer valid; or

(14) When the person no longer meets the medical standards for the issuance of the foreign pilot licence.

Renewal. A holder of a special purpose pilot authorisation may apply for a 60-calendar-month extension of that authorisation, provided the person — (15) Continues to meet the requirements of this subsection; and (16) Surrenders the expired special purpose pilot authorisation upon receipt

of the new authorisation. APPENDIX 1 TO 8.160

MANOEUVRES AND PROCEDURES FOR PRE-SOLO FLIGHT TRAINING (a) A student pilot who is receiving training for solo flight shall receive and log

flight training for the following manoeuvres and procedures, as applicable, for each category and class rating: (1) Proper flight preparation procedures, including preflight planning and

preparation, powerplant operation, and aircraft systems. (2) Taxiing or surface operations, including runups. (3) Takeoffs and landings, including normal and crosswind. (4) Straight and level flight, and turns in both directions. (5) Climbs and climbing turns.

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(6) Airport traffic patterns, including entry and departure procedures. (7) Collision avoidance, windshear avoidance, and wake turbulence

avoidance. (8) Descents, with and without turns, using high and low drag

configurations. (9) Flight at various airspeeds from cruise to slow flight. (10) Stall entries from various flight attitudes and power combinations with

recovery initiated at the first indication of a stall, and recovery from a full stall.

(11) Emergency procedures and equipment malfunctions. (12) Ground reference manoeuvres. (13) Approaches to a landing area with simulated engine malfunctions. (14) Slips to a landing. (15) Go-grounds. A student pilot shall who is receiving training for solo flight shall receive and log flight training for the following additional manoeuvres and procedures, as applicable, as indicated for each category and class rating — (16) In a helicopter —

(i) Approaches to the landing area; (ii) Hovering and hovering turns;

(iii) Simulated emerge icy procedures, including autorotational descents with a power recovery and power recovery to a hover;

(iv) Rapid decelerations; and (v) Simulated one-engine-inoperative approaches and landings for

multi-engine helicopters. (17) In a gyroplane —

(i) Approaches to the landing area; (ii) High rates of descent with power on and with simulated power

off, and recovery from those flight configurations; and (iii) Simulated emergency procedures, including simulated power-

off landings and simulated power failure during departures. (18) In a powered-lift —

(i) Approaches to the landing area; (ii) Hovering and hovering turns; and

(iii) For multi-engine powered-lifts, simulated one-engine- inoperative approaches and landings.

(19) In a glider — (i) The applicable manoeuvres and procedures shown in paragraph

(a) of this subsection; (ii) Launches, including normal and crosswind;

(iii) Inspection of towline rigging and review of signals and release procedures;

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(iv) Aerotow, ground tow, or self-launch procedures; (v) Procedures for disassembly and assembly of the glider;

(vi) Slips to a landing; (vii) Procedures and techniques for thermalling; and (viii) Emergency operations, including towline break procedures.

(20) In an airship — (i) Rigging, ballasting, and controlling pressure in the ballonets,

and superheating; and (ii) Landings with positive and with negative static trim.

(21) In a balloon — (i) Layout and assembly procedures;

(ii) Ascents and descents; (iii) Landing and recovery procedures; (iv) Operation of hot air or gas source, ballast, valves, vents, and rip

panels, as appropriate; (v) Use of deflation valves or rip panels for simulating an emergency;

(vi) The effects of wind on climb and approach angles; and (vii) Obstruction detection and avoidance techniques.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.170 MANOEUVRES AND PROCEDURES FOR CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT

TRAINING (a) A student pilot who is receiving training for cross-country flight shall

receive and log flight training in the following manoeuvres and procedures: (1) In an aeroplane or rotorcraft —

(i) Use of aeronautical charts for VFR navigation using pilotage and dead reckoning with the aid of a magnetic compass;

(ii) Use of aircraft performance charts pertaining to cross-country flight;

(iii) Procurement and analysis of aeronautical weather reports and forecasts, including recognition of critical weather situations and estimating visibility while in flight;

(iv) Recognition, avoidance, and operational restrictions of hazardous terrain features in the geographical area where the student pilot will conduct cross-country flight;

(v) Use of radios for VFR navigation and two-way communications; (vi) Climbs at best angle and best rate; and (vii) Control and manoeuvring solely by reference to flight

instruments, including straight and level flight, turns, descents, climbs, use of radio aids, and ATC directives.

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(2) In a powered-lift — (i) Those specified in paragraph (a)(1), as applicable; and

(ii) Takeoff, approach, and landing procedures that include high- altitude, steep, and shallow takeoffs, approaches, and landings.

(3) In a glider — (i) Those specified in paragraph (a)(1), as applicable; and

(ii) Landings accomplished without the use of the altimeter from at least 2,000 feet above the surface; and

(iii) Recognition of weather and upper air conditions favourable for cross-country soaring, ascending flight, descending flight, and altitude control.

(4) In an airship — (i) Those specified in paragraph (a)(1), as applicable; and

(ii) Control of air pressure with regard to ascending and descending flight and altitude control;

(iii) Control of the airship solely by reference to flight instruments; and (iv) Recognition of weather and upper air conditions conducive for

the direction of cross-country flight.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.185 PRIVATE PILOT AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE AREAS

(a) General. An applicant for a private pilot licence shall receive and log ground training from an authorised instructor on the aeronautical knowledge areas of paragraph (b) of this subsection that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought. Aeronautical knowledge areas: (1) Applicable schedules of this Subpart that relate to private pilot

privileges, limitations, and flight operations. (2) Accident reporting requirements of the Authority. (3) Use of the applicable portions of advisory material published by the

Authority. (4) Use of aeronautical charts for VFR navigation using pilotage, dead

reckoning, and navigation systems. (5) Radio communication procedures. (6) Recognition of critical weather situations from the ground and in

flight, windshear avoidance, and the procurement and use of aeronautical weather reports and forecasts.

(7) Safe and efficient operation of aircraft, including collision avoidance, and recognition and avoidance of wake turbulence.

(8) Effects of density altitude on takeoff and climb performance. (9) Weight and balance computations. (10) Principles of aerodynamics, powerplants, and aircraft systems.

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(11) Stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery techniques for aeroplane and glider category ratings.

(12) Aeronautical decision making and judgement. (13) Preflight action that includes —

(i) Obtaining information on runway lengths at airports of intended use, data on takeoff and landing distances, weather reports and forecasts, and fuel requirements; and

(ii) Planning for alternatives if the planned flight cannot be completed or delays are encountered.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.195 PRIVATE PILOT AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS

(a) An applicant for a private pilot licence shall receive and log at least 40 hours of flight time that includes at least 20 hours of flight training from an authorised instructor and 10 hours of solo flight training, which shall include at least the following experience, unless shown otherwise below. Note: See paragraphs below for specific requirements for categories and classes. In the category and class of aircraft for each category and class rating sought, as applicable — (1) 3 hours of cross-country flight training; (2) 3 hours of night flight training that includes —

(i) One cross-country flight of over 100 nautical miles total distance; and

(ii) 10 takeoffs and 10 landings to a full stop (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.

(3) 3 hours of instrument flight training; (4) 3 hours of flight training in preparation for the practical test performed

within 60 days preceding the date of the test; and (5) 10 hours of solo flight time, consisting of at least —

(i) 5 hours of solo cross-country flight; (ii) One solo cross-country flight of at least 150 nautical miles total

distance, with full-stop landings at a minimum of three points, and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of at least 50 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations; and

(iii) Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with an operating control tower.

For a helicopter rating and a gyroplane rating — (6) 3 hours of night flight training in a helicopter that includes one cross-

country flight of over 50 nautical miles total distance; and (7) 10 hours of solo flight time in a helicopter, consisting of at least —

(i) 3 hours cross-country flight time;

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(ii) One solo cross-country flight of at least 75 nautical miles total distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, and one segment of the flight being a straight-line distance of at least 25 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations; and

For a glider category rating — (8) If the applicant has not logged at least 40 hours of flight time as a pilot

in a heavier-than-air aircraft, at least 10 hours of flight training in a glider, and 20 training flights performed on the prescribed areas of operation that apply to gliders that include —

(i) 2 hours of solo flight in gliders in the areas of operation that apply to gliders, with not less than 10 launches and landings being performed; and

(9) If the applicant has logged at least 40 hours of flight time in heavier- than-air aircraft, at least 3 hours of flight training in a glider, and 10 training flights performed on the areas of operation that apply to gliders that include —

(i) 10 solo flights in gliders on the areas of operation that apply to gliders; and

(ii) Three training flights in preparation for the practical test within the 60-day waiting period preceding the test.

For an airship rating — (10) 25 hours of flight training in airships on the areas of operation which

consists of at least — (11) 3 hours of night flight training in an airship that includes:

(i) A cross-country flight of over 25 nautical miles total distance; and

(ii) Five takeoffs and five landings to a full stop (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.

(12) 5 hours of solo flight in an airship and with an authorised instructor. For a balloon rating: 10 hours of flight training that includes at least six training flights in the areas of operation that includes — (13) Gas balloon. If the training is being performed in a gas balloon, at

least two flights of 2 hours each that consists of — (i) At least one training flight within 60 days prior to application

for the rating on the areas of operation for a gas balloon; (ii) At least one flight performing the functions of PIC in a gas

balloon; and (iii) At least one flight involving a controlled ascent to 3,000 feet

above the launch site. (14) Balloon with an airborne heater. If the training is being performed in

a balloon with an airborne heater, at least — (i) Two flights of 1 hour each within 60 days prior to application

for the rating on the areas of operation appropriate to a balloon with an airborne heater;

(ii) One solo flight in a balloon with an airborne heater; and

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(iii) At least one flight involving a controlled ascent to 2,000 feet above the launch site.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.225 COMMERCIAL PILOT AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE AREAS

(a) An applicant for a commercial pilot licence shall receive and log ground training from an authorised instructor on the aeronautical knowledge areas of paragraph (b) of this subsection that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought. Aeronautical knowledge areas: (1) Applicable schedules of this Subpart that relate to commercial pilot

privileges, limitations, and flight operations. (2) Accident reporting requirements of the Authority. (3) Basic aerodynamics and the principles of flight. (4) Meteorology to include recognition of critical weather situations,

windshear recognition and avoidance, and the use of aeronautical weather reports and forecasts.

(5) Safe and efficient operation of aircraft. (6) Weight and balance computations. (7) Use of performance charts. (8) Significance and effects of exceeding aircraft performance limitations. (9) Use of aeronautical charts and a magnetic compass for pilotage and

dead reckoning. (10) Use of air navigation facilities. (11) Aeronautical decision making and judgement. (12) Principles and functions of aircraft systems. (13) Manoeuvres, procedures, and emergency operations appropriate to the

aircraft. (14) Night and high-altitude operations. (15) Procedures for operating within the The Bahamas airspace system. (16) Procedures for flight and ground training for lighter-than-air ratings.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.230 COMMERCIAL PILOT FLIGHT TRAINING PROFICIENCY

REQUIREMENTS (a) General. An applicant for a commercial pilot licence shall receive and log

ground and flight training from an authorised instructor on the areas of operation of this subsection that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought, as shown below. (1) For all categories and class ratings, as applicable —

(i) Preflight preparation; (ii) Preflight procedures;

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(iii) Airport and seaplane base operations; (iv) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds; (v) Performance manoeuvres;

(vi) Ground reference manoeuvres; (vii) Navigation;

(viii) Slow flight and stalls; (ix) Emergency operations; (x) High-altitude operations; and

(xi) Postflight procedures. (2) For the category and class ratings shown below, the applicable areas

of operation shown in paragraph (a)(1); and (3) For the aeroplane category rating with a multi-engine class rating —

(i) Multi-engine operations. (4) For a rotorcraft category rating with a helicopter class rating —

(i) Airport and heliport operations; (ii) Hovering manoeuvres; and

(iii) Special operations. (5) For a rotorcraft category rating with a gyroplane class rating —

(i) Flight at slow airspeeds. (6) For a powered-lift category rating —

(i) Hovering manoeuvres; and (ii) Special operations.

(7) For a glider category rating — (i) Launches and landings; and

(ii) Soaring techniques. (8) For a lighter-than-air category rating with an airship class rating —

(i) Fundamentals of instructing; (ii) Technical subjects; and

(iii) Preflight lesson on a manoeuvre to be performed in flight. (9) For a lighter-than-air category rating with a balloon class rating —

(i) Fundamentals of instructing; (ii) Technical subjects;

(iii) Preflight lesson on a manoeuvre to be performed in flight; and (iv) Launches and landings.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 8.235 COMMERCIAL PILOT AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS (a) Unless specified otherwise, an applicant for a commercial pilot licence

shall log at least the following hours of flight time as a pilot in each category and class applied for, including at least the following — Unless specified otherwise for a specific category or class, 250 hours of flight time as a pilot, including — (1) 100 hours in powered aircraft, of which 50 hours shall be in the

category of rating sought. (2) 100 hours of PIC flight time, including at least —

(i) 50 hours in the category sought; and (ii) 50 hours in cross-country flight in the category sought, of which

10 hours must be in the category sought. (3) 20 hours of training on the prescribed areas of operation including at

least — (i) 10 hours of instrument training of which at least 5 hours shall be

in the category and class sought; (ii) 10 hours of training in an aeroplane that has a retractable landing

gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller, or is turbine- powered if applicable;

(iii) One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in the category and class sought in day VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 100 nautical miles from the original point of departure;

(iv) One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in the category and class sought in night VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 100 nautical miles from the original point of departure; and

(v) 3 hours in the category and class sought in preparation for the practical test within the 60-day period proceeding the date of the test.

(4) 10 hours of solo flight in the category and class sought on the prescribed areas of operation, including at least — (i) One cross-country flight of not less than 300 nautical miles total

distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, one of which is a straight-line distance of at least 250 nautical miles from the original departure point; and

(ii) 5 hours in night VFR conditions with 10 takeoffs and 10 landings (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with an operating control tower.

For a helicopter rating. 150 hours of flight time as a pilot, including — (5) 100 hours of PIC flight time, which includes at least —

(i) 35 hours in helicopters; and (ii) 10 hours in cross-country flight in helicopters.

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(6) 10 hours of solo flight in a helicopter on the prescribed areas of operation, including at least —

(i) One cross-country flight with landings at a minimum of three points, with one segment consisting of a straight-line distance of at least 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure; and

(ii) One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in a helicopter in night VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure;

For a gyroplane rating. 150 hours of flight time as a pilot, including at least — (7) 100 hours in powered aircraft, of which 25 hours shall be in gyroplanes. (8) 100 hours of PIC flight time, including at least —

(i) 10 hours in gyroplanes; and (ii) 3 hours in cross-country flight in gyroplanes.

(9) 20 hours of training on the prescribed areas of operation including at least — (i) 5 hours of instrument training in an aircraft;

(ii) One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in a gyroplane in day VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure.

(10) 10 hours of solo flight in a gyroplane on the prescribed areas of operation including at least —

(i) One cross-country flight with landings at a minimum of three points, with one segment consisting of a straight-line distance of at least 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure; and

(ii) 5 hours in night VFR conditions with 10 takeoffs and 10 landings (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern).

For a glider rating, at least — (11) 25 hours as a pilot in gliders and 100 flights in gliders as PIC,

including at least — (i) 3 hours of flight training or 10 training flights in gliders on the

prescribed areas of operation; and (ii) 2 hours of solo flight that includes not less than 10 solo flights

in gliders on the prescribed areas of operation; or (12) 200 hours of flight time as a pilot in heavier-than-air aircraft, and 20

flights in gliders as PIC, including at least — (i) 3 hours of flight training or 10 training flights on the prescribed

areas of operation; and (ii) Five solo flights in a glider on the prescribed areas of operation.

For an airship rating. 200 hours of flight time as a pilot, including at least — (13) 50 hours in airships. (14) 30 hours of PIC time in airships, including at least —

(i) 10 hours of cross-country flight time in airships; and (ii) 10 hours of night flight time in airships.

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(15) 40 hours of instrument time, which consists of at least 20 hours in flight, of which 10 hours shall be in flight in airships.

(16) 20 hours of flight training in airships on the prescribed areas of operation, including at least — (i) One cross-country flight of at least 1 hour in duration in an airship in

day VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 25 nautical miles from the original point of departure; and

(ii) One cross-country flight of at least 1 hour in duration in an airship in night VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 25 nautical miles from the original point of departure.

(17) 10 hours of flight training performing the functions of PIC with an authorised instructor on the prescribed areas of operation, including at least — (i) One cross-country flight with landings at a minimum of three

points, with one segment consisting of a straight-line distance of at least 25 nautical miles from the original point of departure; and

(ii) 5 hours in night VFR conditions with 10 takeoffs and 10 landings (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern).

For a balloon rating. 35 hours of flight time as a pilot, including at least — (18) 20 hours in balloons; (19) 10 flights in balloons; (20) Two flights in balloons as the PIC; and (21) 10 hours of flight training that includes at least 10 training flights in

balloons on the prescribed areas of operation, including at least — (i) For a gas balloon —

(A) Two training flights of 2 hours each in a gas balloon on the areas of operation appropriate to a gas balloon within 60 days prior to application for the rating;

(B) Two flights performing the functions of PIC in a gas balloon on the appropriate areas of operation; and

(C) One flight involving a controlled ascent to 5,000 feet above the launch site.

(ii) For a balloon with an airborne heater — (A) Two training flights of 1 hour each in a balloon with an airborne

heater on the areas of operation appropriate to a balloon with an airborne heater within 60 days prior to application for the rating;

(B) Two solo flights in a balloon with an airborne heater on the appropriate areas of operation; and

(C) One flight involving a controlled ascent to 3,000 feet above the launch site.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 8.255 AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT: AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE AREAS

(a) An applicant for an airline transport pilot licence shall receive and log ground and flight training on the following areas of aeronautical knowledge: (1) Applicable schedules that relate to airline transport pilot privileges,

limitations, and flight operations. (2) Meteorology, including knowledge of and effects of fronts, frontal

characteristics, cloud formations, icing, and upper-air data. (3) General system of weather and NOTAM collection, dissemination,

interpretation, and use. (4) Interpretation and use of weather charts, maps, forecasts, sequence

reports, abbreviations, and symbols. (5) The Bahamas Weather Service functions as they pertain to operations

in the The Bahamas Airspace System. (6) Windshear and microburst awareness, identification, and avoidance. (7) Principles of air navigation under instrument meteorological

conditions in the The Bahamas Airspace System. (8) Air traffic control procedures and pilot responsibilities as they relate

to en route operations, terminal area and radar operations, and instrument departure and approach procedures.

(9) Aircraft loading, weight and balance, use of charts, graphs, tables, formulas, and computations, and their effect on aircraft performance.

(10) Aerodynamics relating to an aircraft’s flight characteristics and performance in normal and abnormal flight regimes.

(11) Human factors. (12) Aeronautical decision making and judgement. (13) Crew resource management to include crew communication and co-

ordination.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.260 AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT: FLIGHT PROFICIENCY

(a) An applicant for an airline transport pilot licence shall receive and log ground and flight training from an authorised instructor on the areas of operation of this subsection that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought, as shown below. (1) For an aeroplane category — single-engine class

rating: (i) Preflight preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures; (iii) Takeoff and departure phase; (iv) In-flight manoeuvres; (v) Instrument procedures;

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(vi) Landings and approaches to landings; (vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and (ix) Postflight procedures.

(2) For an aeroplane category — multi-engine class rating: (i) Preflight preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures; (iii) Takeoff and departure phase; (iv) In-flight manoeuvres; (v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings; (vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and (ix) Postflight procedures.

(3) For a powered-lift category rating: (i) Preflight preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures; (iii) Takeoff and departure phase; (iv) In-flight manoeuvres; (v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings; (vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and (ix) Postflight procedures.

(4) For a rotorcraft category — helicopter class rating: (i) Preflight preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures; (iii) Takeoff and departure phase; (iv) In-flight manoeuvres; (v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings; (vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and (ix) Postflight procedures.

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APPENDIX 1 TO 8.305 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR AREAS OF OPERATION FOR FLIGHT

PROFICIENCY (a) General. An applicant for a flight instructor licence shall receive and log

flight and ground training from an authorised instructor, and obtain an endorsement that the applicant is proficient to pass a practical test on the following areas of operation that apply to the flight instructor rating sought. For each category rating and class rating, as applicable — (1) Fundamentals of instructing; (2) Technical subject areas; (3) Preflight preparation; (4) Preflight lesson on a manoeuvre to be performed in

flight; (5) Preflight procedures; (6) Airport and seaplane base operations; (7) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds; (8) Fundamentals of flight; (9) Performance manoeuvres; (10) Ground reference manoeuvres; (11) Slow flight, stalls, and spins; (12) Basic instrument manoeuvres; (13) Emergency operations; and (14) Postflight procedures; and for Aeroplane category rating with a multi-engine class rating — (15) Multi-engine operations. Rotorcraft category rating with a helicopter class rating — (16) Airport and heliport operations; (17) Hovering manoeuvres; and (18) Special operations. Rotorcraft category rating with a gyroplane class rating — (19) Flight at slow airspeeds. Powered-lift category rating — (20) Hovering manoeuvres; and (21) Special operations. Glider category rating — (22) Airport and gliderport operations; (23) Launches, landings, and go-arounds; (24) Performance speeds; (25) Soaring techniques; and (26) Slow flight, stalls, and spins.

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Instrument rating with the appropriate aircraft category and class rating — (27) Air traffic control clearances and procedures; (28) Flight by reference to instruments; (29) Navigation aids; and (30) Instrument approach procedures.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.325 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR LIMITATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS

(a) Each holder of a flight instructor licence shall observe the following limitations and qualifications: Hours of training. In any 24-consecutive-hour period, a flight instructor may not conduct more than 8 hours of flight training. Required ratings. A flight instructor may not conduct flight training in any aircraft for which the flight instructor does not hold — (1) A pilot licence and flight instructor licence with the applicable

category and class rating; and (2) If appropriate, a type rating. For instrument flight training or for training for a type rating not limited to VFR, an appropriate instrument rating on his or her flight instructor licence and pilot licence. Limitations on endorsements. A flight instructor may not endorse a — (3) Student pilot’s licence or logbook for solo flight privileges, unless that

flight instructor has — (i) Given that student the flight training required for solo flight

privileges required by this subpart; (ii) Determined that the student is prepared to conduct the flight

safely under known circumstances, subject to any limitations listed in the student’s logbook that the instructor considers necessary for the safety of the flight;

(iii) Given that student pilot training in the make and model of aircraft or a similar make and model of aircraft in which the solo flight is to be flown; and

(iv) Endorsed the student pilot’s logbook for the specific make and model aircraft to be flown.

(4) Student pilot’s licence and logbook for a solo cross-country flight, unless that flight instructor has determined that — (i) The student’s flight preparation, planning, equipment, and

proposed procedures are adequate for the proposed flight under the existing conditions and within any limitations listed in the logbook that the instructor considers necessary for the safety of the flight; and

(ii) The student has the appropriate solo cross-country endorsement for the make and model of aircraft to be flown.

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(5) Student pilot’s licence and logbook for solo flight in a Class B airspace area or at an airport within Class B airspace unless that flight instructor has —

(i) Given that student ground and flight training in that Class B airspace or at that airport; and

(ii) Determined that the student is proficient to operate the aircraft safely. (6) Logbook of a pilot for a flight review, unless that instructor has

conducted a review of that pilot in accordance with the requirements; or (7) Logbook of a pilot for an instrument proficiency check, unless that

instructor has tested that pilot in accordance with the requirements. Training in a multi-engine aeroplane, a helicopter, or a powered-lift. A flight instructor may not give training required for the issuance of a licence or rating in a multi-engine aeroplane, a helicopter, or a powered-lift unless that flight instructor has at least 5 flight hours of PIC time in the specific make and model of multi-engine aeroplane, helicopter, or powered-lift, as appropriate. Qualifications of the flight instructor for training first-time flight instructor applicants. (8) No flight instructor may provide instruction to another pilot who has

never held a flight instructor licence unless that flight instructor — (i) Holds a current ground or flight instructor licence with the

appropriate rating, has held that licence for at least 24 months, and has given at least 40 hours of ground training; or

(ii) Holds a current ground or flight instructor licence with the appropriate rating, and has given at least 100 hours of ground training in a course which has been approved by the Authority.

(iii) Meets the prescribed eligibility requirements; (iv) For training in preparation for an aeroplane, rotorcraft, or

powered-lift rating, has given at least 200 hours of flight training as a flight instructor; and

(v) For training in preparation for a glider rating, has given at least 80 hours of flight training as a flight instructor.

Prohibition against self endorsements. A flight instructor may not make any self-endorsement for a licence, rating, flight review, authorisation, operating privilege, practical test, or knowledge test that is required by This Schedule. Category II and Category III instructions: A flight instructor may not give training in Category II or Category III operations unless the flight instructor has been trained and tested in Category II or Category III operations as applicable.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.380 SPECIAL PURPOSE FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE AND FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE ISSUED ON BASIS OF A FOREIGN FLIGHT

ENGINEER LICENCE (a) Applicants shall present documentation showing that the applicant

currently meets the medical standards for the foreign flight engineer or flight navigator licence required by this subsection.

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A The Bahamas medical certificate is not evidence that the applicant meets the standards of the state of licence issue unless the State which issued the applicant’s foreign flight engineer accepts a The Bahamas medical certificate as evidence of medical fitness for a flight engineer licence. Limitations. The Authority may impose the following limitations on this licence: (1) It is valid only —

(i) For flights between foreign countries and for flights in foreign air commerce;

(ii) While the licence holder is employed by the person to whom the aeroplane described in the certification is leased; and

(iii) While the licence holder is performing flight engineer or flight navigator duties on the The Bahamas-registered civil aeroplane.

(2) The Authority will ensure that each licence issued under this subsection contains the following: (i) The name of the person to whom the The Bahamas-registered

civil aeroplane is leased. (ii) The type of aeroplane. (iii) The limitation: “Issued under, and subject to 8.380 of the Civil

Aviation Schedules”. The limitation: “Subject to the privileges and limitations shown on the holder’s foreign flight engineer certificate, licence, or authorisation”.

(3) Any additional limitations placed on the licence which the Authority considers necessary.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.400 GROUND INSTRUCTOR PRIVILEGES

(a) A person who holds a basic ground instructor rating is authorised to provide — (1) Ground training in the aeronautical knowledge areas required for the

issuance of a private pilot licence or associated ratings; (2) Ground training required for a private pilot flight review; and (3) A recommendation for a knowledge test required for the issuance of a

private pilot licence. A person who holds an advanced ground instructor rating is authorised to provide — (4) Ground training in the aeronautical knowledge areas required for the

issuance of any licence or rating; (5) Ground training required for any flight review; and (6) A recommendation for a knowledge test required for the issuance of

any licence. A person who holds an instrument ground instructor rating is authorised to provide — (7) Ground training in the aeronautical knowledge areas required for the

issuance of an instrument rating;

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(8) Ground training required for an instrument proficiency check; and (9) A recommendation for a knowledge test required for the issuance of

an instrument rating. A person who holds a ground instructor licence is authorised, within the limitations of the ratings on the ground instructor licence, to endorse the logbook or other training record of a person to whom the holder has provided the training or recommendation specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this subsection.

APPENDIX 1 TO 8.675 REQUIREMENT FOR LICENCES, RATINGS, AND AUTHORISATIONS

(a) A person is not required to hold a current and appropriate medical certificate if that person — (1) Is exercising the privileges of a student pilot licence while seeking a

pilot licence with a glider category rating or balloon class rating; (2) Is piloting or providing training in a balloon; (3) Is piloting or providing training in a glider; (4) Is exercising the privileges of a flight instructor licence, provided the

flight instructor is not acting as PIC or as a required crew member; (5) Is exercising the privileges of a ground instructor licence; (6) Is operating an aircraft within a foreign country using a pilot licence

issued by that country and possesses evidence of current medical qualification for that licence;

(7) Is operating an aircraft with a pilot licence, issued by the Authority on the basis of a foreign pilot licence, and holds a current medical certificate issued by the country that issued the pilot licence; or

(8) Is taking a test or check for a licence, rating, or authorisation conducted under an approved course by an ATO.

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SCHEDULE 9 APPROVED TRAINING ORGANIZATIONS

SUBPART A: GENERAL 9.001 Applicability 9.005 Definitions 9.010 Acronyms SUBPART B: CERTIFICATION AND INSPECTIONS 9.015 Certificate Required 9.020 Application for Issuance or Amendment 9.025 Contents of an ATO Certificate 9.035 Duration Of Certificate 9.040 Deviations or Waivers 9.045 Advertising Limitations 9.050 Facilities, Equipment, and Material 9.055 Flight Training Facilities, Equipment, and Courseware 9.060 Satellite ATOs 9.065 Changes Requiring Notice to the Authority 9.070 Inspection SUBPART C: ADMINISTRATION 9.075 Record keeping 9.080 Graduation Certificates and Transcripts 9.085 Transcripts SUBPART D: FLIGHT CREW TRAINING Section I: General 9.090 Pilot Training Courses 9.093 Special Curricula — Other Crew Members 9.095 Requirements for a Level 1 ATO Certificate 9.100 Provisional Level 1 ATO Certificate 9.105 Renewal of Certificates and Ratings Section II: Flight Training Equipment Requirements 9.110 Applicability 9.115 Airport Requirements 9.120 Aircraft Requirements 9.125 Flight Simulators And Flight Training Devices Section III: Curriculum and Syllabus Requirements 9.130 Applicability 9.135 Approval of Training Program 9.140 Training Program Curriculum Requirements Section IV: Personnel Requirements 9.145 Applicability 9.155 Level 2 ATO Instructor Eligibility Requirements 9.160 Level 2 ATO Instructor and Evaluator Privileges and Limitations 9.165 Level 2 ATO Instructor Training and Testing Requirements 9.170 Level 2 ATO Evaluator Requirements

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9.175 Level 1 ATO Personnel 9.180 Level 1 ATO Chief Instructor Qualifications 9.185 Level 1 ATO Assistant Chief Instructor Qualifications 9.190 Level 1 ATO Check Instructor Qualifications 9.195 Level 1 ATO Instructor Flight Training 9.200 Level 1 ATO Instructor Ground Training 9.205 Level 1 ATO Chief Instructor Responsibilities Section V: Operating Rules 9.210 Applicability 9.215 Privileges 9.220 Limitations: ATO 9.225 Limitations: Enrolled Students in Actual Flight Curricula 9.230 Level 1 ATO Enrolment documents SUBPART E: AIRMEN OTHER THAN FLIGHT CREW Section I: Airmen Except AMTs 9.235 Applicability 9.240 Other Training Courses 9.245 Application, Duration, and Renewal Section II: AMT Training Courses 9.250 Applicability 9.255 AMT Training Courses 9.260 General Curriculum Requirements 9.265 AMT Training Program Providers 9.270 Instructor Requirements 9.275 Attendance and Credit for Prior Instruction or Experience

APPENDICES Appendix 1 to 9.020: Application for ATO Certificate Appendix 1 to 9.025: Training Course Contents Appendix 1 to 9.050: Facilities for AMT Courses Appendix 1 to 9.090: Private Pilot Licensing Course Appendix 2 to 9.090: Commercial Pilot Licensing Course Appendix 3 to 9.090: Instrument Rating Course Appendix 4 to 9.090: Airline Transport Pilot Licensing Course Appendix 5 to 9.090: Flight Instructor Licensing Course Appendix 6 to 9.090: Flight Instructor Instrument Licensing Course Appendix 7 to 9.090: Ground Instructor Licensing Course Appendix 8 to 9.090: Additional Aircraft Category or Class Rating Course Appendix 9 to 9.090: Aircraft Type Rating Course Appendix 10 to 9.090: Special Preparation Courses Appendix 11 to 9.090: Pilot Ground School Course Appendix 12 to 9.090: Flight Engineer Course Appendix 1 to 9.115: Airport Requirements Appendix 1 to 9.165: Level 2 ATO Instructor Training and Testing Requirements Appendix 1 to 9.180: Level 1 ATO Chief Flight Instructor Qualifications Appendix 1 to 9.185: Level 1 ATO Assistant Chief Instructor Qualifications Appendix 1 to 9.190: Level 1 ATO Check Instructor Qualifications Appendix 1 to 9.215: Transfer Privileges Appendix 1 to 9.260: AMT Airframe and/or Powerplant Rating

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SUBPART A GENERAL

9.001 APPLICABILITY (a) This Schedule prescribes the requirements for certifying and administering

Aviation Training Organizations (ATO). 9.005 DEFINITIONS (a) For the purpose of this Schedule, the following definitions shall apply —

(1) Accountable manager (training). The manager who has corporate authority for ensuring that all training can be financed and carried out to the standard required by the Authority. The accountable manager may delegate, in writing, to another person in the organization to become the accountable manager when authorised by the Authority.

(2) Advanced flight training device. A flight training device that has a cockpit that accurately replicates a specific make, model, and type aircraft cockpit, and handling characteristics that accurately model the aircraft handling characteristics.

(3) AMT Course — A training course for AMT maintenance ratings (airframe/powerplant).

(4) Flight Training Equipment. Flight simulators, flight training devices, and aircraft.

(5) Line-Operational Simulation. Simulation conducted using operational- oriented flight scenarios that accurately replicate interaction among flightcrew members and between flightcrew members and dispatch facilities, other crew members, air traffic control, and ground operations.

(6) Line Operational Flight Training (LOFT). Training in a simulator with a complete crew using representative flight segments which contain normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures that may be expected in line operations.

(7) Level 1 Aviation Training Organization (ATO). A flight training facility which conducts all or substantially all of each flight training course using aircraft.

(8) Level 2 Aviation Training Organization (ATO). A flight training facility which conducts all or substantially all of each flight training course using simulation media which are qualified and approved by the Authority.

(9) Satellite. An ATO at a location other than primary location of the ATO. (10) Speciality curriculum. A set of courses that is designed to satisfy a

requirement of the Civil Aviation Regulations and that is approved by the Authority for use by a particular Level 2 ATO or satellite Level 2 ATO. The speciality curriculum includes training requirements unique to one or more Level 2 ATO clients.

(11) Training specifications. A document issued to a certified Aviation Training Organization by the Authority that prescribes that organization’s training, checking, and testing authorisations and limitations, and specifies training program requirements.

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9.010 ACRONYMS (a) The following acronyms are used in This Schedule:

(1) ATO — Aviation Training Organization (2) AFM — Aircraft Flight Manual (3) AMT — Aviation Maintenance Technician (4) IFR — Instrument Flight Rules (5) NOTAM — Notice to Airmen

SUBPART B CERTIFICATION AND INSPECTIONS

9.015 CERTIFICATE REQUIRED (a) No person may operate an ATO without, or in violation of, an ATO

certificate and training specifications issued under this Schedule. (b) Except for an AOC training its own flight crews, after December 31, 2001,

no person may conduct training, testing, or checking in advanced flight training devices or flight simulators without, or in violation of, the certificate and training specifications required by this Schedule.

(c) The Authority will issue an applicant an ATO certificate and training specifications if the applicant shows that it meets the requirements of this Schedule.

9.020 APPLICATION FOR ISSUANCE OR AMENDMENT (a) An applicant for an ATO certificate and training specifications shall apply

at least 120 calendar days before the beginning of any proposed training. (b) Each applicant for an ATO certificate and training specification shall

provide the application to the Authority in the correct form. See Appendix 1 to 9.020 for certificate information needed by the Authority.

(c) An applicant for a certificate shall ensure that the facilities and equipment described in its application are — (1) Available for inspection and evaluation prior to approval; and (2) In place and operational at the location of the proposed Level 2 ATO

prior to issuance of a certificate under this Schedule. (d) The Authority will issue to an applicant who meets the requirements and is

approved by the Authority — (1) An ATO certificate containing all business names included on the

application under which the certificate holder may conduct operations and the address of each business office used by the certificate holder; and

(2) Training specifications, issued by the Authority to the certificate holder, containing —

(i) Authorisation for the ATO to function as a Level 1 ATO and/or Level 2 ATO;

(ii) The type of training authorised, including approved courses;

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(iii) The category, class, and type of aircraft that may be used for training, testing, and checking;

(iv) For each flight simulator or flight training device, the make, model, and series of aeroplane or the set of aeroplanes being simulated and the qualification level assigned, or the make, model, and series of rotorcraft, or set of rotorcraft being simulated and the qualification level assigned;

(v) For each flight simulator and flight training device subject to qualification evaluation by the Authority, the identification number assigned by the Authority;

(vi) The name and address of each satellite ATO, and the approved courses offered at each satellite ATO;

(vii) Authorised deviations or waivers from this Schedule; and (viii) Any other items the Authority may require or allow.

(e) The Authority may deny, suspend, revoke, or terminate a certificate under this Schedule if the Authority finds that the applicant or the certificate holder — (1) Held an ATO certificate that was revoked, suspended, or terminated

within the previous 5 years; or (2) Employs or proposes to employ a person who —

(i) Was previously employed in a management or supervisory position by the holder of an ATO certificate that was revoked, suspended, or terminated within the previous 5 years;

(ii) Exercised control over any certificate holder whose certificate has been revoked, suspended, or terminated within the last 5 years; and

(iii) Contributed materially to the revocation, suspension, or termination of that certificate and who will be employed in a management or supervisory position, or who will be in control of or have a substantial ownership interest in the ATO.

(3) Has provided incomplete, inaccurate, fraudulent, or false information for an ATO certificate.

(f) At any time, the Authority may amend an ATO certificate — (1) On the Authority’s own initiative, under applicable Bahamian

legislation; or (2) Upon timely application by the certificate holder.

(g) The certificate holder shall file an application to amend an ATO certificate at least 60 calendar days prior to the applicant’s proposed effective amendment date unless a different filing period is approved by the Authority.

(h) The Authority may issue an ATO certificate to an applicant — (1) For an ATO inside or outside of The Bahamas; and (2) Whose business office or primary location, or both are located inside

or outside The Bahamas. (i) Each ATO shall adhere to its approved curriculum.

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(j) A certificate holder may not change its approved curriculum unless the change is approved by the Authority in advance.

(k) An applicant for an ATO certificate shall show that — (1) For each proposed curriculum, the Level 2 ATO has, and shall

maintain, a sufficient number of instructors who meet the prescribed qualifications to perform the duties to which they are assigned;

(2) Each applicant for, and holder of, a Level 1 ATO certificate shall meet the prescribed personnel requirements;

(3) Each applicant for, and holder of, an ATO certificate with AMT courses shall meet the prescribed personnel requirements.

(l) Each Level 2 ATO shall have designated, and shall maintain, a sufficient number of approved evaluators to provide required checks and tests to graduation candidates within 7 calendar days of training completion for any curriculum leading to airman licences or ratings, or both — (1) Each Level 2 ATO has, and shall maintain, a sufficient number of

management personnel who are qualified and competent to perform required duties; and

(2) A management representative, and all personnel who are designated by the Level 2 ATO to conduct direct student training, are able to understand, read, write, and fluently speak English.

(m) The persons listed in this subsection may serve in more than one position for an ATO, provided that person is qualified for each position.

9.025 CONTENTS OF AN ATO CERTIFICATE (a) The ATO certificate will consist of two documents —

(1) A certificate for public display signed by the Authority; and (2) Training specifications containing the terms, conditions, and

authorisations applicable to the ATO certificate. (b) The ATO certificate will contain —

(1) The name and location (main place of business) of the ATO; (2) The date of issue and period of validity for each page issued; (3) The authorised locations of operations; and (4) Training specifications for the following categories, as applicable:

(i) Pilot training. (ii) Other crewman training. (iii) Other airman training. (iv) AMT training. (v) Other training.

(5) Other authorisations, approvals and limitations issued by the Authority in accordance with the standards which are applicable to the training conducted by the ATO.

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9.035 DURATION OF CERTIFICATE (a) Except as shown in paragraph (c), the Authority will issue an ATO

certificate which expires, unless surrendered, suspended, or revoked — (1) On the last day of the 24th calendar month from the month the

certificate was issued; (2) Except as provided in paragraph (b), on the date that any change in

ownership of the school occurs; (3) On the date of any significant change in the school’s facilities occurs; or (4) Upon notice by the Authority that the school has failed for more than

60 days to maintain the required facilities, aircraft, or personnel. (b) A change in the ownership of an ATO does not terminate that school’s

certificate if, within 30 days — (1) The certificate holder makes application for an appropriate

amendment to the certificate; and (2) No significant change in the facilities, operating personnel, or

approved training courses is involved. (c) The Authority will issue Level 2 ATO certificates with no expiration date,

unless the certificate is surrendered, suspended, or revoked. (d) If the Authority suspends, revokes, or terminates a certificate issued under

this Schedule, the holder of that certificate shall return the certificate to the Authority within five working days after being notified that the certificate is suspended, revoked, or terminated.

9.040 DEVIATIONS OR WAIVERS (a) The Authority may issue deviations or waivers from any of the

requirements of this Schedule. (b) An ATO requesting a deviation or waiver under this section shall provide

the Authority with information acceptable to the Authority that shows — (1) Justification for the deviation or waiver; and (2) That the deviation or waiver will not adversely affect the quality of

instruction or evaluation. 9.045 ADVERTISING LIMITATIONS (a) The ATO may not:

(1) Make any statement relating to its ATO certification and training specifications that is false or designed to mislead any person contemplating enrolment in that ATO.

(2) Advertise that the ATO is certified unless it clearly differentiates between courses that have been approved under this Schedule and those that have not been approved under this Schedule.

(b) An ATO whose certificate has been surrendered, suspended, revoked, or terminated shall promptly — (1) Remove all indications, including signs, wherever located, that the

ATO was certified by the Authority; and

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(2) Notify all advertising agents, and advertising media employed by the certificate holder to cease all advertising indicating that the ATO is certified by the Authority.

9.050 FACILITIES, EQUIPMENT, AND MATERIAL (a) Each certificate holder shall provide facilities, equipment, and material

equal to the standards currently required for the issue of the certificate and rating that it holds.

(b) A certificate holder may not make a substantial change in facilities, equipment, or material that have been approved for a particular curriculum, unless that change is approved by the Authority in advance.

(c) A certificate holder with approved AMT courses may not make any change in the ATO’s location unless the change is approved by the Authority in advance. If the certificate holder desires to change the location of the ATO, the certificate holder shall notify the Authority, in writing, at least 30 days before the date the relocation. The Authority may prescribe the conditions under which the ATO may operate while it is changing its location or housing facilities. If the certificate holder changes the location of the ATO without notification, the certificate shall be revoked.

(d) An applicant for, or holder of, a certificate issued under this Schedule shall establish and maintain a principal business office that is physically located at the address shown on its certificate.

(e) The principal business office may not be shared with, or used by, another person who holds an ATO certificate.

(f) An applicant for, or holder of, a certificate issued under this Schedule shall ensure that — (1) Each room, training booth, or other space used for instructional

purposes is heated, lighted, and ventilated to conform to local building, sanitation, and health codes; and

(2) The facilities used for instruction are not routinely subject to significant distractions caused by flight operations and maintenance operations at the airport.

(g) Each certificate holder shall maintain the records required by this Schedule in facilities adequate for that purpose.

(h) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate with approved AMT courses shall have and maintain the following instructional equipment as is appropriate to the rating sought: (1) Various kinds of airframe structures, airframe systems and

components, powerplants, and powerplant systems and components (including propellers), of a quantity and type suitable to complete the practical projects required by its approved curricula.

(2) At least one aircraft of a type acceptable to the Authority. (3) The equipment required by paragraph (h) need not be in an airworthy

condition, and if damaged prior to use by the ATO, shall have been repaired enough for complete assembly.

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(i) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate with an AMT rating shall have airframes, powerplants, propellers, appliances, and components thereof, to be used for instruction and from which students will gain practical working experience, and shall insure that the airframes, powerplants, propellers, appliances, and components thereof be sufficiently diversified as to show the different methods of construction, assembly, inspection, and operation when installed in an aircraft for use.

(j) Each applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate with an AMT rating shall ensure that it maintains a sufficient number of units of the material described in paragraph (h)(3) so that no more than eight students will work on any one unit at one time.

(k) Each applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate with an AMT rating using an aircraft for instructional purposes that does not have retractable landing gear and wing flaps, shall provide training aids, or operational mock-ups of the retractable landing gear and wing flaps which are acceptable to the Authority.

(l) An applicant for an ATO certificate with an AMT rating, or and applicant seeking an additional AMT rating, shall have at least the facilities, equipment, and materials appropriate to the rating sought.

(m) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate with an AMT rating shall maintain, on the premises and under the full control of the ATO, an adequate supply of material, special tools, and shop equipment used in constructing and maintaining aircraft as is appropriate to the approved curriculum of the ATO, in order to assure that each student will be properly instructed.

(n) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate with an AMT rating shall insure that the special tools and shop equipment required by paragraph (h) be in satisfactory working condition for instructional and practice purposes. See Appendix 1 to 9.050 for specific requirements for facilities for AMT courses.

9.055 FLIGHT TRAINING FACILITIES, EQUIPMENT, AND COURSEWARE (a) An applicant for, or holder of, a Level 2 ATO shall have available

exclusively, for adequate periods of time and at a location approved by the Authority, adequate flight training equipment and courseware, including at least one flight simulator or advanced flight training device.

(b) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate that plans to conduct pilot flight training shall show that it has continuous use of a briefing area located at each airport at which training flights originate that is — (1) Adequate to shelter students waiting to engage in their training flights; (2) Arranged and equipped for the conduct of pilot briefings; and (3) For an ATO with an instrument rating course or commercial pilot

course, equipped with adequate communication to sources of weather and flight planning information.

9.060 SATELLITE ATOs (a) The holder of an ATO certificate may conduct training in accordance with a

training program approved by the Authority at a satellite ATO if — (1) The facilities, equipment, personnel, and course content of the satellite

ATO meet the applicable requirements;

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(2) The instructors and evaluators at the satellite ATO are under the direct supervision of management personnel of the principal ATO;

(3) The certificate holder notifies the Authority in writing that a particular satellite ATO is to begin operations at least 60 days prior to proposed commencement of operations at that satellite ATO; and

(4) The certificate holder’s training specifications reflect the name and address of the satellite ATO and the approved courses offered at the satellite ATO.

(b) The Authority will issue training specifications which prescribe the operations required and authorised at each satellite ATO.

9.065 CHANGES REQUIRING NOTICE TO THE AUTHORITY (a) Each ATO shall notify the Authority within 30 days of any of the following

changes: (1) The accountable manager. (2) The instructional and evaluation staff. (3) The housing, training facilities and equipment, procedures, curricula,

and work scope that could affect the approval. (b) The Authority may prescribe the conditions under which the ATO may

operate during such changes unless the Authority determines that the approval should be suspended.

9.070 INSPECTION (a) The Authority may, at any time, inspect an ATO holder on the ATO

holder’s premises to determine the ATO’s compliance with this Schedule. (b) Inspections will normally be repeated on a twelve month basis, which may

be extended to a twenty-four month basis if, in the opinion of the Authority, the holder continues to meet the requirements under which it was originally certificated.

(c) After an inspection is made, the certificate holder will be notified, in writing, of any deficiencies found during the inspection.

SUBPART C ADMINISTRATION

9.075 RECORD KEEPING (a) Each ATO shall maintain a record for each trainee that contains —

(1) The name of the trainee; (2) A copy of the trainee’s licence, if any, and medical certificate, if

required; (3) The name of the course and the make and model of flight training

equipment used, if applicable; (4) The trainee’s prerequisite experience and course time completed; (5) The date the student graduated, terminated training, or transferred to

another school; (6) The trainee’s performance on each lesson and the name of the

instructor providing instruction;

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(7) A current progress record for each trainee showing the practical projects or laboratory work completed or to be completed for each subject;

(8) The date and result of each knowledge test and end-of-course practical test and the name of the evaluator conducting the test(s); and

(9) The number of hours of additional training that was accomplished after any unsatisfactory practical test.

(b) The Authority will not consider a student’s logbook as sufficient for the records required by paragraph (a).

(c) Each ATO shall maintain a record for each instructor or evaluator designated to instruct a course approved in accordance with this Schedule that indicates that the instructor or evaluator has complied with the applicable requirements of this Schedule.

(d) Each ATO shall — (1) Maintain the records required by paragraph (a) for at least 2 year

following the completion of training, testing or checking; (2) Maintain the qualification records required by paragraph (c) while the

instructor or evaluator is in the employ of the certificate holder and for 2 year thereafter; and

(3) Maintain the recurrent demonstration of proficiency records required by paragraph (c) for at least 2 years.

(e) Each ATO shall provide the records required by this section to the Authority upon request, within a reasonable time, and shall store and maintain the records required by — (1) Paragraph (b) at the ATO, or satellite ATO where the training, testing,

or checking, if appropriate, occurred, or at another location acceptable to the authority; and

(2) Paragraph (c) at the ATO or satellite ATO where the instructor or evaluator is primarily employed, or at another location acceptable to the authority.

(f) Each ATO shall provide to a trainee, upon request and at a reasonable time, a copy of his or her training records.

(g) Each ATO shall keep a current record of each student enrolled, showing, if applicable — (1) The instruction credited, if any; and (2) The authenticated transcript of grades from a school previously

attended. 9.080 GRADUATION CERTIFICATES AND TRANSCRIPTS

(a) Each ATO shall issue upon completion of training a graduation certificate to each student who completes its approved course of training.

(b) Each ATO shall include in each graduation certificate — (1) The name of the school and the certificate number of the ATO; (2) The name of the graduate to whom it was issued; (3) The approved curriculum title; (4) The date of graduation;

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(5) A statement that the student has satisfactorily completed each required stage of the approved course of training including the tests for those stages;

(6) An authentication by an official of the school; and (7) A statement showing the cross-country flight training that the student

received in the course of training, if applicable. (c) An ATO may not issue a graduation certificate to a student, or recommend

a student for a licence or rating, unless the student has — (1) Completed the training specified in the approved course of training;

and (2) Passed the required final tests.

9.085 TRANSCRIPTS (a) Upon request, each ATO shall provide a transcript of a student’s grades to

each student who is graduated from that ATO or who leaves it before being graduated.

(b) Each ATO shall include in the transcript required by paragraph (a) — (1) The curriculum in which the student was enrolled; (2) Whether the student satisfactory completed that curriculum; (3) The final grades the student received; and (4) An authentication by an official of the school.

SUBPART D FLIGHT CREW TRAINING

Section I: General 9.090 PILOT TRAINING COURSES (a) The Authority will issue certificates and training specifications for two

levels of ATO which conduct pilot flight training courses, as shown: (i) A Level 1 ATO is one which conducts the preponderance of each

flight training course using an actual aircraft. (ii) A Level 2 ATO is one which conducts all or substantially all of each

flight training course using simulation media which are qualified and approved by the Authority.

(b) The Authority may approve the following courses of instruction to an applicant for, or holder of a Level 1 ATO certificate, provided the applicant meets the prescribed requirements: (1) Licensing and rating courses.

(i) Private pilot course. (Appendix 1 to 9.090) (ii) Commercial pilot course. (Appendix 2 to 9.090)

(iii) Instrument rating course. (Appendix 3 to 9.090) (iv) Airline transport pilot course. (Appendix 4 to 9.090) (v) Flight instructor course. (Appendix 5 to 9.090)

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(vi) Flight instructor instrument course. (Appendix 6 to 9.090) (vii) Ground instructor course. (Appendix 7 to 9.090)

(viii) Additional aircraft category or class rating course. (Appendix 8 to 9.090)

(ix) Aircraft type rating course. (Appendix 9 to 9.090) (2) Special preparation courses. (Appendix 10 to 9.090)

(i) Pilot refresher course. (ii) Flight instructor refresher course. (iii) Ground instructor refresher course. (iv) Agricultural aircraft operations course. (v) Rotorcraft external-load operations course. (vi) Special operations course.

(vii) Test pilot course. (3) Pilot ground school course. (Appendix 11 to 9.090) (4) Flight Engineer course. (Appendix 12 to 9.090)

(c) The Authority may approve the following courses of instruction to an applicant for, or holder of a Level 2 ATO certificate, provided the applicant meets the prescribed requirements: (1) Any course for licensing or for any rating for which the applicant can

show an effective curriculum and for which the Authority has qualified the simulation media.

9.093 SPECIAL CURRICULA — OTHER CREW MEMBERS (a) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate may apply for approval to

conduct a special course of airman training for which a curriculum is not prescribed by the Authority, if the applicant shows that the training course contains features that could achieve a level of pilot proficiency equivalent to that achieved by a training course prescribed in the requirements of Schedule 8, as applicable.

9.095 REQUIREMENTS FOR A LEVEL 1 ATO CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority will issue to an applicant a Level 1 ATO certificate with

associated ratings if the applicant — (1) Held a provisional Level 1 ATO certificate issued under this Schedule

for at least 24 calendar months preceding the month of application; (2) Meets the applicable requirements of this Subpart for the ratings

sought; and (3) Within 24 calendar months preceding the month of application, has

trained, recommended, and had at least 80 percent of all applicants pass on the first attempt — (i) A knowledge or a practical test for a pilot licence, flight

instructor licence, ground instructor licence, or an additional rating; and

(ii) Any combination of tests specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2).

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9.100 PROVISIONAL LEVEL 1 ATO CERTIFICATE (a) The Authority may issue to an applicant that meets the applicable

requirements of this Subpart, but does not meet the prescribed recent training activity requirements, a provisional Level 1 ATO certificate with ratings.

9.105 RENEWAL OF CERTIFICATES AND RATINGS (a) Level 1 ATO.

(1) A Level 1 ATO may apply for renewal of its certificate and ratings within 30 days preceding the month the Level 1 ATO’s certificate expires, provided the ATO meets the requirements prescribed in paragraph (a)(2).

(2) The Authority will renew for an additional 24 calendar months a Level 1 ATO certificate and ratings if the Authority determines the ATO’s personnel, aircraft, facility and airport, approved training courses, training records, and recent training ability and quality meet the requirements.

(3) A Level 1 ATO that does not meet the renewal requirements in paragraph (a)(2), may apply for a provisional Level 1 ATO certificate if the school meets the prescribed requirements.

(b) Provisional Level 1 ATO. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3), the Authority will not renew a

provisional Level 1 ATO certificate or the ratings on that certificate. (2) A provisional Level 1 ATO may apply for a Level 1 ATO certificate

and associated ratings provided that ATO meets the requirements of this Subpart.

(3) A former provisional Level 1 ATO may apply for another provisional Level 1 ATO certificate, provided 180 days have elapsed since its last provisional Level 1 ATO certificate expired.

Section II: Flight Training Equipment Requirements 9.110 APPLICABILITY (a) This section prescribes —

(1) The personnel and aircraft requirements for an ATO certificate; and (2) The facilities that an ATO shall have available on a continuous basis.

9.115 AIRPORT REQUIREMENTS (a) Each applicant for, and holder of, a Level 1 ATO certificate shall show that

it has continuous use of each airport at which training flights originate, and that the airport has an adequate runway and the necessary equipment. See Appendix 1 to 9.115 for specific runway and equipment requirements.

9.120 AIRCRAFT REQUIREMENTS (a) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate shall ensure, for each

aircraft used for flight instruction and solo flights — (1) Except for flight instruction and solo flights in a curriculum for

agricultural aircraft operations, external load operations, and similar

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aerial work operations, that the aircraft has a Bahamian standard airworthiness certificate or a foreign equivalent of a Bahamian standard airworthiness certificate, acceptable to the Authority;

(2) That each aircraft is maintained and inspected in accordance with the requirements of Schedule 5; and

(3) That each aircraft is equipped as provided in the training specifications for the approved course for which it is used.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c), an applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate shall ensure that each aircraft used for flight instruction is at least a two-place aircraft with engine power controls and flight controls that are easily reached and that operate in a conventional manner from both pilot stations.

(c) A certificate holder may use aeroplanes with controls such as nose-wheel steering, switches, fuel selectors, and engine airflow controls that are not easily reached and operated in a conventional manner by both pilots for flight instruction if the certificate holder determines that the flight instruction can be conducted in a safe manner considering the location of controls and their non-conventional operation, or both.

(d) Each certificate holder shall ensure that each aircraft used in a course involving IFR operations is equipped and maintained for IFR operations.

(e) The Authority may approve aircraft with a restricted airworthiness certificate for use in the agricultural aircraft operations, external-load operations, test pilot, and special operations courses, if its use for training is not prohibited by the aircraft’s operating limitations.

9.125 FLIGHT SIMULATORS AND FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICES (a) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate shall show that each flight

simulator and flight training device used for training, testing, and checking will be or is specifically qualified and approved by the Authority for — (1) Each manoeuvre and procedure for the make, model, and series of

aircraft, set of aircraft, or aircraft type simulated, as applicable; and (2) Each curriculum or training course in which the flight simulator or

flight training device is used, if that curriculum or course is used to satisfy any requirement of these regulations.

(b) An applicant for, and holder of, a Level 1 ATO certificate shall show that each of its flight simulators and flight training devices — (1) Represent the aircraft for which the course is approved; (2) Is used only for training given by an authorised instructor; and (3) Is not used for more than 25 percent of the total flight training hour

requirements. (c) Each certificate holder shall ensure, prior to use, that the approval required

by this section includes — (1) The set of aircraft or type aircraft; (2) If applicable, the particular variation within type for which the

training, testing, or checking is being conducted; and (3) The particular manoeuvre, procedure, or crew member function to be

performed.

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(d) Each certificate holder shall ensure that each flight simulator or flight training device used by an ATO is — (1) Maintained to ensure the reliability of the performances, functions,

and all other characteristics that were required for qualification; (2) Modified to conform with any modification to the aircraft being

simulated if the modification results in changes to performance, function, or other characteristics required for qualification;

(3) Given a functional preflight check each day before being used; and (4) Provided with a discrepancy log in which the instructor or evaluator,

at the end of each training session, enters each discrepancy. (e) Unless otherwise authorised by the Authority, each certificate holder shall

ensure that each component on a flight simulator or flight training device used by an ATO is operative if the component is essential to, or involved in, the training, testing, or checking of airmen.

(f) The Authority will not restrict ATO instructors or students to specific — (1) Route segments during line-oriented flight training scenarios; or (2) Visual data bases replicating a specific customer’s bases of operation.

(g) An applicant for, or holder of, an ATO certificate may request evaluation, qualification, and continuing evaluation for qualification of flight simulators and flight training devices without — (1) Holding an air carrier certificate; or (2) Having a specific relationship to an air carrier certificate holder.

Section III: Curriculum and Syllabus Requirements 9.130 APPLICABILITY (a) This Section prescribes the curriculum and syllabus requirements for the