Food Labeling Act
Table of Contents
Chapter I General Provisions (Articles 1 to 3)
Chapter II Food Labeling Standards (Articles 4 and 5)
Chapter III Measures against Improper Labeling (Articles 6 to 10)
Chapter IV Demand for Injunction and Report (Articles 11 and 12)
Chapter V Miscellaneous Provisions (Articles 13 to 16)
Chapter VI Penal Provisions (Articles 17 to 23)
Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
(Purpose)
Article 1 The purposes of this Act are, in light of the important role that Food labeling plays in ensuring the safety of ingestion of Food and securing the opportunity to make an autonomous and rational choice of Food, to ensure proper Food labeling by establishing standards and specifying other necessary information regarding labeling of Food that is intended for sale (including assignment other than sale to unspecified or numerous persons; the same applies hereinafter), thereby promoting the interests of general consumers, and also to contribute to the protection and promotion of the health of the people, the smooth production and distribution of Food, and the promotion of Food production in response to consumer demand, in combination with the measures implemented under the Food Sanitation Act (Act No. 233 of 1947), the Health Promotion Act (Act No. 103 of 2002), and the Act on Standardization of Agricultural and Forestry Products (Act No. 175 of 1950).
(Definitions)
Article 2 (1) The term "Food" as used in this Act means all kinds of food and drink (excluding the medicines specified in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Pharmaceuticals, Medical Devices, Regenerative and Cellular Therapy Products, Gene Therapy Products, and Cosmetics (Act No. 145 of 1960), the quasi-pharmaceutical products specified in paragraph (2) of said Article, and the regenerative medical product specified in paragraph (9) of said Article, and including the additives specified in Article 4, paragraph (2) of the Food Sanitation Act (simply referred to as "Additives" in Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i) and Article 11)).
(2) The term "Liquor" as used in this Act means the liquor specified in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Liquor Tax Act (Act No. 6 of 1953).
(3) The term "Person Engaged in Food-related Business, etc." means a person who falls under either of the following items:
(i) a person engaged in the manufacturing, processing (including preparation and sorting) or import of Food in the course of trade (excluding those who are not engaged in the sale of said Food) or a person engaged in the sale of Food in the course of trade (hereinafter referred to as a "Person Engaged in Food-related Business"); or
(ii) in addition to the person set forth in the preceding item, a person engaged in the sale of Food.
(Fundamental Principles)
Article 3 (1) Measures for ensuring proper labeling of Food that is intended for sale must be implemented as part of the consumer policies specified in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Basic Consumer Act (Act No. 78 of 1968), in accordance with the fundamental principles of securing the safety and opportunity to make an autonomous and rational choice of consumers, and respecting providing necessary information to consumers as a right of the consumer, as well as supporting the self-reliance of consumers in order to enable consumers to act autonomously and rationally to protect and promote their own interests.
(2) Measures for ensuring proper labeling of Food that is intended for sale must be implemented based on present conditions and future prospects of production, transaction or consumption of Food, and taking into consideration the impact on business activities of Persons Engaged in Food-related Business on a small scale and the need to ensure fair competition among Persons Engaged in Food-related Business.
Chapter II Food Labeling Standards
(Establishment of Food Labeling Standards)
Article 4 (1) The Prime Minister must establish, by Cabinet Office Ordinance, standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale, for each category of Food and of Person Engaged in Food-related Business, etc., which contains, among the following information, those considered necessary for consumers to ingest safely and make an autonomous and rational choice of the Food belonging to the said category.:
(i) the name, allergen (meaning the substance that causes a food allergy; the same applies in Article 6, paragraph (8) and Article 11), preservation method, expiration date (meaning the time limit that contributes to assess the safety of ingestion of Food; the same applies in Article 6, paragraph (8) and Article 11), ingredients , Additives, nutritional value and caloric value, country of origin, and other information that Persons Engaged in Food-related Business, etc. should display when selling Food; and
(ii) the labeling method and other information that Persons Engaged in Food-related Business, etc. should comply with when displaying the information set forth in the preceding item.
(2) When the Prime Minister intends to establish standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the Prime Minister must in advance consult with the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and the Minister of Finance, and hear the opinions of the Consumer Commission.
(3) When the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare finds that the establishment of standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale under the provisions of paragraph (1) will be conducive to the protection or promotion of the health of the people, the minister may request the Prime Minister to establish the said standards by providing a draft thereof. them.
(4) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries finds that the establishment of standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale under the provisions of paragraph (1) will be conducive to the smooth production or distribution of Food (excluding Liquor) pertaining to said standards or to the promotion of production of said Food in response to consumer demand, the minister may request the Prime Minister to establish the said standards by providing a draft thereof.
(5) When the Minister of Finance finds that the establishment of standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale under the provisions of paragraph (1) will be conducive to the smooth production or distribution of Liquor pertaining to said standards or to the promotion of production of said Liquor in response to consumer demand, the minister may request the Prime Minister to establish the said standards by providing a draft thereof. them.
(6) The provisions of paragraph (2) through the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis to the change of standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale established under the provisions of paragraph (1) (hereinafter referred to as the "Food Labeling Standards").
(Compliance with Food Labeling Standards)
Article 5 Persons Engaged in Food-related Business, etc. must not conduct the sale of Food that is not labeled according to the Food Labeling Standards.
Chapter III Measures against Improper Labeling
(Instructions)
Article 6 (1) If any Person Engaged in Food-related Business conducts the sale of Food (excluding Liquor; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) without displaying the information set forth in Article 4, paragraph (1), item (i) that are specified by the Food Labeling Standards (hereinafter referred to as the "Labeling Information") , or fails to comply with the matters set forth in paragraph (1), item (ii) of said Article that are specified by the Food Labeling Standards (hereinafter referred to as "Compliance Matters") when displaying the Labeling Information in respect of Food that is intended for sale, the Prime Minister or the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (the Prime Minister, if the Labeling Information specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is not displayed, or the Compliance Matters specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries are not being complied with), may instruct such Person Engaged in Food-related Business to display the Labeling Information or to comply with the Compliance Matters.
(2) When the minister set forth in each of the following items intends to independently give an instruction under the provisions of the preceding paragraph (with regard to the minister set forth in item (i), excluding the instruction to be given when the Labeling Information specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries referred to in said paragraph is not displayed, or the Compliance Matters specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries referred to in said paragraph are not being complied with), the minister is to notify, in advance, the other minister specified in the respective item with regard to the content of such instruction:
(i) the Prime Minister: the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; and
(ii) the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries: the Prime Minister.
(3) If any Person Engaged in Food-related Business conducts the sale of Liquor whose Labeling Information is not displayed, or fails to comply with the Compliance Matters when displaying the Labeling Information in respect of Liquor that is intended for sale, the Prime Minister or the Minister of Finance (when the Labeling Information specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance is not displayed, or the Compliance Matters specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance are not being complied with, the Prime Minister ) may instruct said Person Engaged in Food-related Business to display the Labeling Information or to comply with the Compliance Matters.
(4) When the minister set forth in each of the following items intends to independently give an instruction under the provisions of the preceding paragraph (with regard to the minister set forth in item (i), excluding the instruction to be given when the Labeling Information specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance referred to in said paragraph is not displayed, or the Compliance Matters specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance referred to in said paragraph are not being complied with), the minister is to notify the other minister specified in the respective item with regard to the content of such instruction in advance:
(i) the Prime Minister: the Minister of Finance; and
(ii) the Minister of Finance: the Prime Minister.
(5) If a person who has received an instruction under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (3), without just cause, does not take the measures pertaining to such instruction, the Prime Minister may order such person to take the measures pertaining to such instruction.
(6) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has given an instruction under the provisions of paragraph (1), and the person who has received such instruction, without just cause, does not take the measures pertaining to such instruction, the minister may request the Prime Minister to order such person to take the measures pertaining to such instruction pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
(7) When the Minister of Finance has given an instruction under the provisions of paragraph (3), and the person who has received such instruction, without just cause, does not take the measures pertaining to such instruction, the minister may request the Prime Minister to order such person to take the measures pertaining to such instruction pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5).
(8) When a Person Engaged in Food-related Business, etc. conducts or intends to conduct the sale of Food that is not labeled according to the Food Labeling Standards with regard to allergens, expiration date, whether or not the Food needs to be heated for safe ingestion or any other information that may have a material impact on the safety of ingestion of Food specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance, if the Prime Minister finds it to be urgently necessary in order to prevent the occurrence or spread of harm to the lives or bodies of consumers, the Prime Minister may order said Person Engaged in Food-related Business, etc. to recall the Food and take other necessary measures or to suspend the whole or part of such business for a designated period..
(Public Announcement)
Article 7 When the Prime Minister, the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries or the Minister of Finance has given an instruction or issued an order pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the respective minister must publicly announce to that effect.
(On-site Inspection)
Article 8 (1) When the Prime Minister finds it necessary to ensure proper labeling of Food that is intended for sale, the Prime Minister may request a Person Engaged in Food-related Business, etc. or any other person engaged in business that is related to the person and the business of the Person Engaged in Food-related Business to submit necessary reports or its books, documents and any other objects with regard to labeling of Food that is intended for sale, or have the officials enter the office, place of business or any other place, inspect the status of the labeling related to Food that is intended for sale, such Food or ingredients thereof, or its books, documents or any other objects, question its employees or any other persons concerned, or take a sample of Food or ingredients thereof without compensation to the extent necessary for testing.
(2) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, with regard to any Labeling Information other than those specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries referred to in Article 6, paragraph (1) or any Compliance Matters other than those specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries referred to in said paragraph, finds it necessary to ensure proper labeling of Food (excluding Liquor; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) that is intended for sale, the minister may request a Person Engaged in Food-related Business or any other person engaged in business that is related to the person and the business of the Person Engaged in Food-related Business to submit necessary reports or its books, documents or any other objects with regard to the labeling of Food that is intended for sale, or have the officials enter such person's office, place of business or any other place, inspect the status of its labeling of Food that is intended for sale, such Food or ingredients thereof, or its books, documents or any other objects, or question its employees or any other persons concerned.
(3) When the Minister of Finance, with regard to any Labeling Information other than those specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance referred to in Article 6, paragraph (3) or any Compliance Matters other than those specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance referred to in said paragraph, finds it necessary in order to ensure proper labeling of Liquor that is intended for sale, the minister may request a Person Engaged in Food-related Business or any other person engaged in business that is related to the person and the business of the Person Engaged in Food-related Business in connection with its Food-related Business to submit necessary reports or its books, documents or any other objects with regard to labeling of Liquor that is intended for sale, or have the officials enter such person's office, place of business or any other place, inspect the status of its labeling of Liquor that is intended for sale, such Liquor or ingredients thereof, or its books, documents or any other objects, or question its employees or any other persons concerned.
(4) Officials who conduct an on-site inspection, a questioning or a sampling under the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs must carry a document that identifies the official, and when there is a request from a person concerned, present the same.
(5) The authority under the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (3) must not be construed to be granted for criminal investigation purposes.
(6) The sampling under the provisions of paragraph (1) is to be assigned to a food sanitation inspector specified in Article 30, paragraph (1) of the Food Sanitation Act.
(7) The Prime Minister may entrust the affairs concerning the sampling of Food taken under the provisions of paragraph (1) to a registered conformity inspection body specified in Article 4, paragraph (9) of the Food Sanitation Act, and entrust the part of said affairs related to the nutritional value or caloric value of Food to the National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition.
(8) When the Prime Minister has independently exercised the authority under the provisions of paragraph (1), the Prime Minister is to promptly notify of the result to the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, if it has been performed to ensure proper labeling of Food (excluding Liquor) that is intended for sale, or to the Minister of Finance, if it has been performed to ensure proper labeling of Liquor that is intended for sale.
(9) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries or the Minister of Finance has independently exercised the authority under the provisions of paragraph (2) or paragraph (3), the respective minister is to promptly notify the Prime Minister of the result.
(On-site Inspection by Center)
Article 9 (1) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries may have the officials conduct an on-site inspection or questioning pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the minister may have the Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center (hereinafter referred to as the "Center") enter the office, place of business or any other place of a Person Engaged in Food-related Business or any other person engaged in business related to a Person Engaged in Food-related Business in connection with its Food-related Business, inspect the status of its labeling of Food (excluding Liquor; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) that is intended for sale, such Food or ingredients thereof, or its books, documents or any other objects, question its employees or any other persons concerned, or take a sample of Food or ingredients thereof without compensation to the extent necessary for testing, if the minister finds this to be necessary.
(2) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has the Center conduct an on-site inspection or questioning pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the minister is to instruct the Center to do so, while designating the date, place and other necessary information for the on-site inspection or questioning.
(3) When the Center has conducted an on-site inspection or questioning pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) in accordance with the instruction given under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, it must report the results to the Minister of Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, as provided by Ordinance of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
(4) When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has received a report under the provisions of the preceding paragraph with regard to the on-site inspection or questioning conducted under the provisions of paragraph (1), the minister is to promptly notify the Prime Minister of the content of such report.
(5) The provisions of paragraphs (4) and (5) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the on-site inspection or questioning under the provisions of paragraph (1).
(Order to Center)
Article 10 When the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries finds it necessary in order to ensure proper implementation of the operations in the on-site inspection or questioning under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the minister may issue an order to the Center as may be necessary for such operations.
Chapter IV Demand for Injunction and Report
(Right of Qualified Consumer Organization to Demand Injunction)
Article 11 If any Person Engaged in Food-related Business actually displays or is likely to display, to many and unspecified persons, in violation of the Food Labeling Standards, such information that is significantly contrary to fact with regard to the name, allergen, preservation method, expiration date, ingredients, Additives, nutritional value or caloric value, or country of origin, a qualified consumer organization specified in Article 2, paragraph (4) of the Consumer Contract Act (Act No. 61 of 2000) may demand that the Person Engaged in Food-related Business should suspend or prevent such act, publicize that it has displayed such information that is significantly contrary to fact in relation to said Food, or take any other necessary measures to suspend or prevent such act.
(Report to Prime Minister)
Article 12 (1) Any person who finds that the interests of general consumers are being harmed due to improper labeling of Food (excluding Liquor; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) that is intended for sale may report this to the Prime Minister or the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (the Prime Minister if such improper labeling of Food involves only the Labeling Information or Compliance Matters specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries referred to in Article 6, paragraph (1)) and request such minister to take appropriate measures, by way of the procedures specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
(2) Any person who finds that the interests of general consumers are being harmed due to improper labeling of Liquor that is intended for sale may report this to the Prime Minister or the Minister of Finance (the Prime Minister if such improper labeling of Liquor involves only the Labeling Information or Compliance Matters specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance referred to in Article 6, paragraph (3)) and request such minister to take appropriate measures, by way of the procedures specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance and Ordinance of the Ministry of Finance.
(3) Upon receiving the report under the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, the Prime Minister, the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries or the Minister of Finance must conduct necessary investigation, and when such minister finds the content of such report to be true, take measures under the provisions of Article 4 or Article 6 or any other appropriate measures.
Chapter V Miscellaneous Provisions
(Provisions of Materials to Prime Minister)
Article 13 When the Prime Minister finds it necessary in order to achieve the purpose of this Act, the Prime Minister may seek materials, explanation and any other necessary cooperation from the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries or the Minister of Finance.
(Application of Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations)
Article 14 The provisions of this Act must not be construed to preclude the application of the Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations (Act No. 134 of 1962).
(Delegation of Authority)
Article 15 (1) The Prime Minister delegates the authority under the provisions of this Act (excluding the authority specified by Cabinet Order) to the Secretary-General of the Consumer Affairs Agency.
(2) The whole or part of the authority of the Minister of Finance specified in this Act may be delegated to the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency, as provided by Cabinet Order.
(3) The whole or part of the authority of the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries specified in this Act and of the authority delegated to the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph may be delegated to the heads of the respective local branch offices, as provided by Cabinet Order.
(4) Part of the affairs under the authority of the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries specified in this Act may be assigned to prefectural governors, as provided by Cabinet Order.
(5) Part of the affairs under the authority delegated to the Commissioner of the Consumer Affairs Agency pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) may be assigned to prefectural governors, mayors of the cities specified by Cabinet Order referred to in Article 5, paragraph (1) of the Community Health Act (Act No. 101 of 1947) (referred to as a "City Operating a Health Center" in the following Article) or mayors of special wards, as provided by Cabinet Order.
(Request for Re-examination)
Article 16 (1) A person who is dissatisfied with a determination on a request for administrative review filed against a disposition made by the mayor of a City Operating a Health Center or the mayor of a special ward pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) of the preceding Article (limited to a disposition concerning Item (i) Statutory Entrusted Function specified in Article 2, paragraph (9), item (i) of the Local Autonomy Act (simply referred to as "Item (i) Statutory Entrusted Function" in the following paragraph)) may file with the Prime Minister a request for re-examination.
(2) If the mayor of a City Operating a Health Center or the mayor of a special ward has delegated the authority to make a disposition regarding Item (i) Statutory Entrusted Function among the affairs assigned thereto pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) of the preceding Article to the official serving as the mayor's subsidiary organ or to the head of the administrative agency under the management of the mayor, and a determination is made on a request for re-examination filed under Article 255-2, paragraph (2) of the Local Autonomy Act against a disposition made by such official or head of the administrative agency with the delegated authority, any person who is dissatisfied with such determination may file with the Prime Minister a request for further examination, in accordance with the same rules as those provided in Article 252-17-4, paragraphs (5) through (7) of said Act.
Chapter VI Penal Provisions
Article 17 A person who has violated an order issued under Article 6, paragraph (8) is punished by imprisonment with required labor for not more than three years or a fine of not more than three million yen, or both.
Article 18 A person who has conducted the sale of Food that is not labeled according to the Food Labeling Standards with regard to the information specified by Cabinet Office Ordinance referred to in Article 6, paragraph (8) is punished by imprisonment with required labor for not more than two years or a fine of not more than two million yen, or both.
Article 19 A person who has conducted the sale of Food that is falsely labeled with regard to the country of origin (including the country of origin of ingredients) which should have been displayed under the Food Labeling Standards is punished by imprisonment with required labor for not more than two years or a fine of not more than two million yen.
Article 20 A person who has violated an order issued under the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (5) is punished by imprisonment with required labor for not more than one year or a fine of not more than one million yen.
Article 21 A person who falls under any of the following items is punished by a fine of not more than 500,000 yen:
(i) a person who has failed to submit reports or objects pursuant to the provisions of Article 8, paragraphs (1) through (3) or submitted false reports or false objects, or has refused, obstructed or avoided the inspection or failed to give an answer or given false answers to the questions under the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (3) of said Article or Article 9, paragraph (1); or
(ii) a person who has refused, obstructed, or avoided the sampling under the provisions of Article 8, paragraph (1).
Article 22 (1) If a representative or administrator of a corporation (including an association or foundation without legal personality for which a representative or administrator is designated; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph), an agent, an employee or any other worker of a corporation or an individual commits violation of the provisions set forth in the following items in relation to the business of the corporation or individual, not only the offender is punished, but also said corporation is punished by the fine specified in the respective item and said individual is punished by the fine referred to in the respective Article:
(i) Article 17: a fine of not more than 300 million yen;
(ii) Articles 18 through 20: a fine of not more than 100 million yen; and
(iii) the preceding Article: a fine referred to in said Article.
(2) When the provisions of the preceding paragraph apply to an association or foundation without legal personality, its representative or administrator represents the association or foundation in its procedural acts, and the provisions of laws concerning criminal procedure wherein a corporation is accused or suspected apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 23 If the Center violates an order issued under the provisions of Article 10, the officer of the Center who has committed such violation is punished by a non-criminal fine of not more than 200,000 yen.
Supplementary Provisions
(Effective Date)
Article 1 This Act comes into effect as of the day specified by Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding two years from the date of promulgation; provided, however, that the provisions of the following Article and Article 18 of the Supplementary Provisions come into effect as of the date of promulgation.
(Preparatory Actions)
Article 2 (1) Even before this Act comes into effect, the Prime Minister may establish standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale, in accordance with the same rules as those provided in Article 4.
(2) The standards for labeling of Food that is intended for sale established under the provisions of the preceding paragraph are deemed to have been established under the provisions of Article 4, paragraph (1) as of the day on which this Act comes into effect.
(Transitional Measures)
Article 16 Any disposition or other action that is made, before this Act comes into effect, pursuant to the provisions of the Food Sanitation Act prior to the revision by Article 4 of the Supplementary Provisions, the Act on Standardization and Proper Quality Labeling of Agricultural and Forestry Products prior to the revision by Article 6 of the Supplementary Provisions, or the Health Promotion Act prior to the revision by Article 11 of the Supplementary Provisions, for which the corresponding provisions exist in this Act, is deemed to have been made pursuant to such corresponding provisions.
(Transitional Measures Concerning Application of Penal Provisions)
Article 17 With regard to the application of penal provisions to any acts committed before this Act comes into effect, the provisions then in force remain applicable.
(Delegation to Cabinet Order)
Article 18 In addition to what is specified in these Supplementary Provisions, transitional measures necessary for the enforcement of this Act are specified by Cabinet Order.
(Review)
Article 19 If three years have elapsed since this Act comes into effect, and the government finds it necessary in consideration of the status of the enforcement of this Act, the government is to review the provisions of this Act and take necessary measures based on the result of the review.