I, PETER William Boyd, Executive Manager, Standards Development and Future Technologies Division, a delegate of CASA, make this instrument under paragraph 21.601 (2) (a) of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998.
[Signed P. Boyd]
Peter Boyd
Executive Manager
Standards Development and Future Technologies Division
11 December 2009
Australian Technical Standard Order C1004a
1 Name of instrument
This instrument is the Australian Technical Standard Order C1004a.
2 Commencement
This instrument commences on the day after it is registered.
3 Australian Technical Standard Order C1004a
Schedule 1 makes Australian Technical Standard Order C1004a.
Schedule 1
Australian Technical Standard Order
AIRBORNE MODE A/C TRANSPONDER EQUIPMENT WITH EXTENDED SQUITTER AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE – BROADCAST (ADS-B) TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY
1. PURPOSE
This Australian Technical Standard Order (ATSO) prescribes the minimum performance standards (MPS) which airborne Mode A/C Transponder equipment with Extended Squitter ADS-B transmission capability must meet in order to obtain an ATSO authorisation or letter of design approval and so be identified with the applicable ATSO marking.
Note: This ATSO provides a standard to build a Mode A/C transponder with the additional ability to provide ADS-B capability. It is not intended to replace existing Mode A/C or Mode S transponder equipment or standards.
2. APPLICABILITY
This ATSO is effective for new applications submitted after the effective date of this ATSO.
3. REQUIREMENTS
New models of airborne Mode A/C Transponder equipment with Extended Squitter ADS-B transmission capability that are to be so identified and that are manufactured on or after the effective date of this ATSO must meet the MPS specified in this paragraph and in Appendix 1.
a. Functionality. The standards of this ATSO apply to equipment intended to serve as a Mode A/C Transponder that also transmits ADS-B messages to support surveillance applications both in air traffic management systems and in other aircraft equipped to receive ADS-B messages.
b. Failure Condition Classification. The following classifications shall apply:
(1) An un-annunciated failure resulting in loss of the ADS-B transmit function is classified as Minor; and
(2) An un-annunciated failure resulting in broadcast of incorrect ADS-B messages is classified as Major.
The applicant must ensure the system has a design assurance level commensurate with the failure condition classification.
Note: For a definition of failure condition categories refer to United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC), System Design and Analysis AC 25.1309-1A, Equipment, Systems and Installations in Part 23 Airplanes AC 23.1309-1D or European Aviation Safety Authority (EASA) System Design and Analysis Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 25.1309 or later amendments.
c. Environmental Qualification. The equipment shall be subject to the test conditions specified in RTCA Inc. Document No. RTCA/DO-160F, "Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment", dated 6 December 2007, or the most current version.
d. Software Qualification. Software must be developed in accordance with RTCA Inc. Document No. RTCA/DO-178B, “Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification” dated 1 December 1992, or the most current version. Software implementing the functions defined in this ATSO must be developed to Level C as defined in RTCA/DO-178B.
e. Electronic Hardware Qualification. If the article includes a complex custom micro-coded component, develop the component to the guidance in RTCA/DO-254, “Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware” dated 19 April 2000 or the most current version. The hardware design assurance level should be consistent with the failure condition classification determined in accordance with paragraph 3.b. of this ATSO.
f. Fire Protection. All materials used shall be self-extinguishing except for small parts (such as knobs, fasteners, seals, grommets and small electrical parts) that would not contribute significantly to the propagation of a fire.
g. Deviations. The Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) has provisions for using alternative or equivalent means of compliance to the criteria set forth in the MPS of this ATSO. Applicants invoking these provisions shall demonstrate that an equivalent level of safety is maintained and shall apply for a deviation per the Civil Aviation Safety Regulation (CASR) 21.609.
4. MARKING
Articles manufactured under this ATSO must be marked in accordance with CASR 21.607(1)(c). The following additional markings shall be applied:
a. Environment. The environmental categories over which it has been designed to operate, as set forth in Appendix A of RTCA/DO-160F, must be permanently and legibly marked on the equipment. Where an environmental test procedure is not applicable and the test is not conducted, an “X” should be placed in the space assigned for that category.
b. Class. The class, which the equipment meets, must be permanently and legibly marked on the equipment. Equipment that meets the requirements of more than one class need only be marked with the class that contains the more severe requirements. When listed in order of severity of requirements, highest first, the classes are 1A or 1B.
c. Identification. Each separate component of equipment (antenna, receiver-transmitter, etc.) must be permanently and legibly marked with at least the name of the manufacturer, the ATSO number and the environmental categories over which it is designed to operate.
5. DATA REQUIREMENTS
a. Application Data. In addition to the data requirements of CASR 21.605(2) the manufacturer must provide CASA with one copy of the following technical data:
(1) Manufacturer’s operating instructions and equipment limitations. The descriptions of the limitations shall be sufficient to describe the operational capability of the equipment. In particular, operational or installation limitations resulting from specific deviations granted must be described in detail;
(2) Installation procedures and limitations. The descriptions of the limitations shall be sufficient to ensure that the transponder, when installed according to the installation procedures, continues to meet the requirements of this ATSO. The limitations shall identify any unique aspects of the installation. Finally, the limitations shall also include a note with the following statement:
The conditions and tests required for ATSO approval of this article are minimum performance standards. It is the responsibility of those installing this article either on or within a specific type or class of aircraft to determine that the aircraft installation conditions are within the ATSO standards. ATSO articles must have separate approval for installation in an aircraft;
(3) Schematic drawings, as applicable to the installation procedures;
(4) Wiring diagrams, as applicable to the installation procedures;
(5) Equipment specifications;
(6) List of the components, by part number, that make up the transponder system complying with the standards prescribed in this ATSO. Manufacturers should include vendor part number cross-references when applicable;
(7) Instructions, in the form of an Installation Manual (IM) and/or Component Maintenance Manual (CMM) containing information on the periodic maintenance, calibration and repair for the continued airworthiness of the installed transponder, including recommended inspection intervals and service life. Details of deviations granted, as noted in paragraph 5.a.(1) of this ATSO, may also be described in the IM and/CMM;
(8) Material and process specifications list;
(9) The quality control system description required by CASR 21.605(2)(c) and CASR 21.143 including functional test specifications to be used to test each production article to ensure compliance with this ATSO;
(10) Manufacturer’s ATSO qualification test report(s);
(11) Nameplate drawing providing the information required by paragraph 4 (Markings) of this ATSO;
(12) A list of all drawings and processes, including revision level, necessary to define the article's design. In the case of a minor change, any revisions to the drawing list need only be made available upon request;
(13) An environmental qualifications form, as described in RTCA/DO-160F, for each component of the system;
(14) Computer Software. If the article includes a digital computer, the software must be developed in accordance with RTCA/DO-178B. In accordance with RTCA/DO-178B, the applicant must submit a Plan for Software Aspects of Certification (PSAC), software configuration index and software accomplishment summary for review and approval; and
(15) If the article includes a complex custom micro-coded component: a Plan for Hardware Aspects of Certification (PHAC), hardware verification plan, top level drawing and hardware accomplishment summary as defined in RTCA/DO-254.
Note: CASA recommends that the PSAC and PHAC be submitted as early as possible in the certification process. This will allow for early discussion and agreement between the applicant and CASA on the design assurance level or levels, the verification approach, and the documentation to be prepared and submitted.
b. Manufacturer’s Data. In addition to the data to be directly furnished to CASA, each manufacturer must have available for review by CASA the following technical data:
(1) the functional qualification specifications to be used to qualify each production article to ensure compliance with this ATSO;
(2) equipment calibration procedures;
(3) corrective maintenance procedures within 12 months after ATSO authorisation;
(4) schematic drawings;
(5) wiring diagrams;
(6) material and process specifications;
(7) the results of the environmental qualification tests conducted in accordance with RTCA/DO-160F;
(8) if the article includes a digital computer, the appropriate documentation as defined in RTCA/DO-178B, including all data supporting the applicable objectives found in Annex A of RTCA/DO-178B, Process Objectives and Outputs by Software Level; and
(9) if the article includes a complex custom micro-coded component, the appropriate hardware life cycle data in combination with design assurance level as defined in RTCA/DO-254, Appendix A, Table A-1.
c. Furnished Data. One copy of the technical data and information specified in paragraph 5.a.(1) to (7) of this ATSO and any other data or information necessary for the proper installation, certification and use and/or for continued airworthiness of the transponder, must accompany each article or multiple articles, if furnished to one source, i.e. operator, repair station etc., manufactured under this ATSO.
6. AVAILABILITY OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
a. Copies of the CASRs may be obtained from CASA or from the CASA internet website at http://www.casa.gov.au.
b. Copies of RTCA Documents may be purchased from RTCA Inc., 1828 L Street, NW Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036. The RTCA Internet website is http://www.rtca.org/.
c. Copies of FAA Technical Standard Orders (TSOs) and Advisory Circulars (AC) may be obtained from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The relevant FAA Internet website for these documents is: http://rgl.faa.gov/.
Note: The above links were valid at time of issue but are subject to change without notice.
APPENDIX 1. MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS (MPS) FOR AIRBORNE MODE A/C TRANSPONDER EQUIPMENT WITH EXTENDED SQUITTER AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE – BROADCAST (ADS‑B) TRANSMISSION CAPABILITY
This Appendix prescribes the MPS for airborne Mode A/C Transponder equipment with Extended Squitter ADS-B transmission capability as specified by CASA in this ATSO.
1. MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
Except as amended by this ATSO, all classes of equipment manufactured in accordance with the provisions of this ATSO must meet the following requirements:
a. Either:
(1) FAA Technical Standard Order C74d (TSO-C74d), “Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) Airborne Equipment”, dated 17 December 2008 or later approved versions; or
(2) The sections of RTCA, Inc., Document No. RTCA/DO-181C, “Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System/Mode Select (ATCRBS/Mode S) Airborne Equipment”, dated 12 June 2001, applicable to a non-Mode S transponder device.
Note: Non-Mode S transponder-based ADS-B implementations transmit Downlink Format=18 in lieu of Downlink Format=17. Refer to Subsection 2.2.16.2.6.3 of RTCA/DO-181C.
Note: RTCA/DO-181C is used in lieu of the later RTCA/DO-181D as it details minimum performance standards for non-transponder squittering devices.
b. The sections of RTCA, Inc., Document No. RTCA/DO-260A, Change 2, “Minimum Operational Performance Standards For 1090 MHz Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B)”, dated 13 December 2006 or later approved version, applicable to non-Mode S transponder-based subsystems, Stand-Alone Transmitters, and Broadcast-Only Systems. Broadcast-Only systems are defined as Class B Equipment in RTCA/DO-260A – refer to Table 2-1.
c. Equipment complying with this ATSO is required to transmit only the messages listed below;
(1) Airborne Position,
(2) Surface Position,
(3) Aircraft Identification and Type,
(4) Airborne Velocity,
(5) Aircraft Operational Status Message, and
(6) Extended Squitter Aircraft Status.
d. The Extended Squitter Aircraft Status Message (Type “28”) is used to provide additional information regarding aircraft status. Subtype “1” is used specifically to provide Emergency/Priority Status. The special purpose Mode A reply codes 7500, 7600, and 7700 entered into the Transponder may be used to automatically determine the emergency status and enable formatting of the Extended Squitter Aircraft Status Message.
Note: Refer to Table 2-2 of RTCA/DO-260A for the full list of ADS-B Messages.
2. EXCEPTIONS
RTCA/DO-260A Appendix A, Subsection A.1.5.4 is not consistent with RTCA/DO-260A Subsection 2.2.3.3.2.1. To ensure consistency Subsection 2.2.3.3.2.1 shall take precedence, i.e. at power-up initialisation the non-Mode S transponder device shall start operation in a mode in which it transmits no messages until sufficient data is available to initiate ADS-B extended squitter transmissions.
3. EQUIPMENT CLASSES
a. Equipment marked, in accordance with Section 4 of this document, as Class 1A must meet all performance and environmental standards for equipment intended for installation in aircraft that operate at altitudes exceeding 15,000 feet or be equipment intended for installation in aircraft that have a normal cruising speed in excess of 175 knots on a standard day.
b. Equipment marked, in accordance with Section 4 of this document, as Class 1B must meet all performance and environmental standards for equipment intended for installation in aircraft that operate at altitudes not exceeding 15,000 feet.
4. OPTIONS
One or more of the following options may be incorporated in the transponder identified with this ATSO marking:
a. In lieu of providing a pilot interface for the input of own-vehicle Aircraft Identification, Flight Number, or Aircraft Registration for the ADS-B Aircraft Identification and Type Message, manufacturers may elect to provide the means by which the Aircraft Registration marking may be programmed into the transponder during installation. In this case the Aircraft Registration shall be broadcast in the Character Subfield of the ADS-B Aircraft Identification and Type Message. Refer to subsections 2.2.3.2.5 and 2.2.5.1.11 of RTCA/DO-260A.
b. Manufacturers may elect to incorporate GPS equipment in the transponder to provide position, velocity, timing and integrity data for the extended squitter ADS-B message. GPS equipment provided for this purpose shall comply with:
(1) The requirements of Class Beta equipment defined in Subsection 1.4.1 of RTCA/DO-229D “Minimum Operational Performance Standards For Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment”, dated 28 November 2001 or later version; or
(2) The requirements of RTCA/DO-316 “Minimum Operational Performance Standards For Global Positioning System/Aircraft based Augmentation System Airborne Equipment”, dated 14 April 2009 or later version.
Note: The ability to process Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) signals is optional.
Equipment incorporating this option shall be identified with the suffix “G1”, e.g. Class 1A‑G1.
